
The Project Gutenberg Etext of The 1913 Webster Unabridged Dictionary
Version 0.50  Letter S: #668 in our series, by MICRA, Inc.

Copyright laws are changing all over the world, be sure to check
the copyright laws for your country before posting these files!!

Please take a look at the important information in this header.
We encourage you to keep this file on your own disk, keeping an
electronic path open for the next readers.  Do not remove this.


**Welcome To The World of Free Plain Vanilla Electronic Texts**

**Etexts Readable By Both Humans and By Computers, Since 1971**

*These Etexts Prepared By Hundreds of Volunteers and Donations*

Information on contacting Project Gutenberg to get Etexts, and
further information is included below.  We need your donations.

The 1913 Webster Unabridged Dictionary: Letter S
February, 1999  [Etext #668]


The Project Gutenberg Etext of The 1913 Webster Unabridged Dictionary
******This file should be named pgw050s.txt or pgw050s.zip******

Corrected EDITIONS of our etexts get a new NUMBER, pgw051s.txt

This etext was prepared by MICRA, INc. of Plainfield, NJ.  See below
for contact information.  Portions of the text have been proof-read 
and supplemented by volunteers, who have helped greatly to
improve the accuracy of this electronic version.

Project Gutenberg Etexts are usually created from multiple editions,
all of which are in the Public Domain in the United States, unless a
copyright notice is included.  Therefore, we do usually do NOT! keep
these books in compliance with any particular paper edition.


We are now trying to release all our books one month in advance
of the official release dates, leaving time for better editing.

Please note:  neither this list nor its contents are final till
midnight of the last day of the month of any such announcement.
The official release date of all Project Gutenberg Etexts is at
Midnight, Central Time, of the last day of the stated month.  A
preliminary version may often be posted for suggestion, comment
and editing by those who wish to do so.  To be sure you have an
up to date first edition [xxxxx10x.xxx] please check file sizes
in the first week of the next month.  Since our ftp program has
a bug in it that scrambles the date [tried to fix and failed] a
look at the file size will have to do, but we will try to see a
new copy has at least one byte more or less.


Information about Project Gutenberg (one page)

We produce about two million dollars for each hour we work.  The
time it takes us, a rather conservative estimate, is fifty hours
to get any etext selected, entered, proofread, edited, copyright
searched and analyzed, the copyright letters written, etc.  This
projected audience is one hundred million readers.  If our value
per text is nominally estimated at one dollar then we produce $2
million dollars per hour this year as we release thirty-six text
files per month, or 432 more Etexts in 1999 for a total of 2000+
If these reach just 10% of the computerized population, then the
total should reach over 200 billion Etexts given away this year.

The Goal of Project Gutenberg is to Give Away One Trillion Etext
Files by December 31, 2001.  [10,000 x 100,000,000 = 1 Trillion]
This is ten thousand titles each to one hundred million readers,
which is only ~5% of the present number of computer users.

At our revised rates of production, we will reach only one-third
of that goal by the end of 2001, or about 3,333 Etexts unless we
manage to get some real funding; currently our funding is mostly
from Michael Hart's salary at Carnegie-Mellon University, and an
assortment of sporadic gifts; this salary is only good for a few
more years, so we are looking for something to replace it, as we
don't want Project Gutenberg to be so dependent on one person.

We need your donations more than ever!


All donations should be made to "Project Gutenberg/CMU": and are
tax deductible to the extent allowable by law.  (CMU = Carnegie-
Mellon University).

For these and other matters, please mail to:

Project Gutenberg
P. O. Box  2782
Champaign, IL 61825

When all other email fails. . .try our Executive Director:
Michael S. Hart <hart@pobox.com>
hart@pobox.com forwards to hart@prairienet.org and archive.org
if your mail bounces from archive.org, I will still see it, if
it bounces from prairienet.org, better resend later on. . . .

We would prefer to send you this information by email.

******

To access Project Gutenberg etexts, use any Web browser
to view http://promo.net/pg.  This site lists Etexts by
author and by title, and includes information about how
to get involved with Project Gutenberg.  You could also
download our past Newsletters, or subscribe here.  This
is one of our major sites, please email hart@pobox.com,
for a more complete list of our various sites.

To go directly to the etext collections, use FTP or any
Web browser to visit a Project Gutenberg mirror (mirror
sites are available on 7 continents; mirrors are listed
at http://promo.net/pg).

Mac users, do NOT point and click, typing works better.

Example FTP session:

ftp sunsite.unc.edu
login: anonymous
password: your@login
cd pub/docs/books/gutenberg
cd etext90 through etext99
dir [to see files]
get or mget [to get files. . .set bin for zip files]
GET GUTINDEX.??  [to get a year's listing of books, e.g., GUTINDEX.99]
GET GUTINDEX.ALL [to get a listing of ALL books]

***

**Information prepared by the Project Gutenberg legal advisor**

(Three Pages)


***START**THE SMALL PRINT!**FOR PUBLIC DOMAIN ETEXTS**START***
Why is this "Small Print!" statement here?  You know: lawyers.
They tell us you might sue us if there is something wrong with
your copy of this etext, even if you got it for free from
someone other than us, and even if what's wrong is not our
fault.  So, among other things, this "Small Print!" statement
disclaims most of our liability to you.  It also tells you how
you can distribute copies of this etext if you want to.

*BEFORE!* YOU USE OR READ THIS ETEXT
By using or reading any part of this PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm
etext, you indicate that you understand, agree to and accept
this "Small Print!" statement.  If you do not, you can receive
a refund of the money (if any) you paid for this etext by
sending a request within 30 days of receiving it to the person
you got it from.  If you received this etext on a physical
medium (such as a disk), you must return it with your request.

ABOUT PROJECT GUTENBERG-TM ETEXTS
This PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm etext, like most PROJECT GUTENBERG-
tm etexts, is a "public domain" work distributed by Professor
Michael S. Hart through the Project Gutenberg Association at
Carnegie-Mellon University (the "Project").  Among other
things, this means that no one owns a United States copyright
on or for this work, so the Project (and you!) can copy and
distribute it in the United States without permission and
without paying copyright royalties.  Special rules, set forth
below, apply if you wish to copy and distribute this etext
under the Project's "PROJECT GUTENBERG" trademark.

To create these etexts, the Project expends considerable
efforts to identify, transcribe and proofread public domain
works.  Despite these efforts, the Project's etexts and any
medium they may be on may contain "Defects".  Among other
things, Defects may take the form of incomplete, inaccurate or
corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other
intellectual property infringement, a defective or damaged
disk or other etext medium, a computer virus, or computer
codes that damage or cannot be read by your equipment.

LIMITED WARRANTY; DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES
But for the "Right of Replacement or Refund" described below,
[1] the Project (and any other party you may receive this
etext from as a PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm etext) disclaims all
liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including
legal fees, and [2] YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE OR
UNDER STRICT LIABILITY, OR FOR BREACH OF WARRANTY OR CONTRACT,
INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE
OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

If you discover a Defect in this etext within 90 days of
receiving it, you can receive a refund of the money (if any)
you paid for it by sending an explanatory note within that
time to the person you received it from.  If you received it
on a physical medium, you must return it with your note, and
such person may choose to alternatively give you a replacement
copy.  If you received it electronically, such person may
choose to alternatively give you a second opportunity to
receive it electronically.

THIS ETEXT IS OTHERWISE PROVIDED TO YOU "AS-IS".  NO OTHER
WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, ARE MADE TO YOU AS
TO THE ETEXT OR ANY MEDIUM IT MAY BE ON, INCLUDING BUT NOT
LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

Some states do not allow disclaimers of implied warranties or
the exclusion or limitation of consequential damages, so the
above disclaimers and exclusions may not apply to you, and you
may have other legal rights.

INDEMNITY
You will indemnify and hold the Project, its directors,
officers, members and agents harmless from all liability, cost
and expense, including legal fees, that arise directly or
indirectly from any of the following that you do or cause:
[1] distribution of this etext, [2] alteration, modification,
or addition to the etext, or [3] any Defect.

DISTRIBUTION UNDER "PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm"
You may distribute copies of this etext electronically, or by
disk, book or any other medium if you either delete this
"Small Print!" and all other references to Project Gutenberg,
or:

[1]  Only give exact copies of it.  Among other things, this
     requires that you do not remove, alter or modify the
     etext or this "small print!" statement.  You may however,
     if you wish, distribute this etext in machine readable
     binary, compressed, mark-up, or proprietary form,
     including any form resulting from conversion by word pro-
     cessing or hypertext software, but only so long as
     *EITHER*:

     [*]  The etext, when displayed, is clearly readable, and
          does *not* contain characters other than those
          intended by the author of the work, although tilde
          (~), asterisk (*) and underline (_) characters may
          be used to convey punctuation intended by the
          author, and additional characters may be used to
          indicate hypertext links; OR

     [*]  The etext may be readily converted by the reader at
          no expense into plain ASCII, EBCDIC or equivalent
          form by the program that displays the etext (as is
          the case, for instance, with most word processors);
          OR

     [*]  You provide, or agree to also provide on request at
          no additional cost, fee or expense, a copy of the
          etext in its original plain ASCII form (or in EBCDIC
          or other equivalent proprietary form).

[2]  Honor the etext refund and replacement provisions of this
     "Small Print!" statement.

[3]  Pay a trademark license fee to the Project of 20% of the
     net profits you derive calculated using the method you
     already use to calculate your applicable taxes.  If you
     don't derive profits, no royalty is due.  Royalties are
     payable to "Project Gutenberg Association/Carnegie-Mellon
     University" within the 60 days following each
     date you prepare (or were legally required to prepare)
     your annual (or equivalent periodic) tax return.

WHAT IF YOU *WANT* TO SEND MONEY EVEN IF YOU DON'T HAVE TO?
The Project gratefully accepts contributions in money, time,
scanning machines, OCR software, public domain etexts, royalty
free copyright licenses, and every other sort of contribution
you can think of.  Money should be paid to "Project Gutenberg
Association / Carnegie-Mellon University".

*END*THE SMALL PRINT! FOR PUBLIC DOMAIN ETEXTS*Ver.04.29.93*END*

=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=

<! Begin file 9 of 11:  S.  (Version 0.50) of
          An electronic field-marked version of:

         Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary
                 Version published 1913
               by the  C. & G. Merriam Co.
                   Springfield, Mass.
                 Under the direction of
                Noah Porter, D.D., LL.D.

   This electronic version was prepared by MICRA, Inc. of Plainfield, NJ.
   Last edit February 11, 1999.

   MICRA, Inc. makes no proprietary claims on this version of the
1913 Webster dictionary.  If the original printed edition of the
1913 Webster is in the public domain, this version may also be
considered as public domain.

    This version is only a first typing, and has numerous typographic errors, including errors in the field-marks.  Assistance in bringing this dictionary to a more accurate and useful state will be greatly appreciated.
    This electronic dictionary is made available as a potential starting point for development of a modern on-line comprehensive encyclopedic dictionary, by the efforts of all individuals willing to help build a large and freely available knowledge base.  Anyone willing to assist in any way in constructing such a knowledge base should contact:

     Patrick Cassidy          cassidy@micra.com
     735 Belvidere Ave.       Office: (908)668-5252
     Plainfield, NJ 07062
     (908) 561-3416
!>

<p><! p. 1264 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><point26>S.</point26></p>

<p><hw>S</hw> (&ebreve;s), <def>the nineteenth letter of the English
alphabet, is a consonant, and is often called a sibilant, in allusion
to its hissing sound. It has two principal sounds; one a mere hissing,
as in <i>sack</i>, <i>this</i>; the other a vocal hissing (the same as
that of <i>z</i>), as in <i>is</i>, <i>wise</i>. Besides these it
sometimes has the sounds of <i>sh</i> and <i>zh</i>, as in
<i>sure</i>, <i>measure</i>. It generally has its hissing sound at the
beginning of words, but in the middle and at the end of words its
sound is determined by usage. In a few words it is silent, as in
<i>isle</i>, <i>d&eacute;bris</i>.  With the letter <i>h</i> it forms
the digraph <i>sh</i>.  See <i>Guide to pronunciation</i>,
&sect;&sect; 255-261.</def></p>

<p>   Both the form and the name of the letter S are derived from the
Latin, which got the letter through the Greek from the
Ph&aelig;nician. The ultimate origin is Egyptian. S is etymologically
most nearly related to <i>c</i>, <i>z</i>, <i>t</i>, and <i>r</i>; as,
in i<i>c</i>e, OE. i<i>s</i>; E. hen<i>c</i>e, OE. henne<i>s</i>; E.
ra<i>s</i>e, ra<i>z</i>e; era<i>s</i>e, ra<i>z</i>or; tha<i>t</i>, G.
da<i>s</i>; E. rea<i>s</i>on, F. rai<i>s</i>on,  L. ra<i>t</i>io; E.
wa<i>s</i>, we<i>r</i>e; chai<i>r</i>, chai<i>s</i>e (see C, Z, T, and
R.).</p>

<p><hw>-s</hw>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> [OE. <i>es</i>, AS. <i>as</i>.]
<def>The suffix used to form the plural of most words; as in
road<i>s</i>, elf<i>s</i>, side<i>s</i>, account<i>s</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [OE. <i>-s</i>, for older <i>-th</i>, AS. <i>-
&eth;</i>.] <def>The suffix used to form the third person singular
indicative of English verbs; as in fall<i>s</i>, tell<i>s</i>,
send<i>s</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An adverbial suffix; as in toward<i>s</i>,
need<i>s</i>, alway<i>s</i>, -- originally the genitive, possesive,
ending. See <u>-'s</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>-'s</hw> [OE. <i>-es</i>, AS. <i>-es</i>.] The suffix used to
form the possessive singular of nouns; as, boy<i>'s</i>;
man<i>'s</i>.</p>

<p><hw>'s</hw>. <def>A contraction for <i>is</i> or (colloquially) for
<i>has</i>.</def> "My heart<i>'s</i> subdued." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"adh</hw> (s&auml;"&adot;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sadh</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saan</hw> (s&auml;n), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Bushmen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sab`a*dil"la</hw> (s&abreve;b`&adot;*d&ibreve;l"l&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>cebadilla</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
Mexican liliaceous plant (<i>Sch&oelig;nocaulon officinale</i>); also,
its seeds, which contain the alkaloid veratrine. It was formerly used
in medicine as an emetic and purgative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*b&aelig;"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Sabian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*b&aelig;"an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Sabianism</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sa"b&aelig;*ism</hw> (?), <hw>Sa"ba*ism</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Sabianism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"bal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of palm trees including the palmetto of the Southern United
States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sab"a*oth</hw> (s&abreve;b"&asl;*&obreve;th or
s&adot;"b&amacr;*&obreve;th; 277), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>tseb&amacr;'&omacr;th</i>, pl. of <i>ts&amacr;b&amacr;'</i>, an
army or host, fr. <i>ts&amacr;b&amacr;'</i>, to go forth to war.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Armies; hosts.</def> [Used twice in the
English Bible, in the phrase "The Lord of Sabaoth."]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Incorrectly, the Sabbath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sab"bat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sabbath</u>.]
<def>In medi&aelig;val demonology, the nocturnal assembly in which
demons and sorcerers were thought to celebrate their orgies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sab`ba*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Sabbatarius</i>: cf. F. <i>sabbataire</i>. See <u>Sabbath</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who regards and keeps the seventh day of
the week as holy, agreeably to the letter of the fourth commandment in
the Decalogue.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There were Christians in the early church who held this
opinion, and certain Christians, esp. the <i>Seventh-day Baptists</i>,
hold it now.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A strict observer of the Sabbath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sab`ba*ta"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Sabbath, or the tenets of Sabbatarians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sab`ba*ta"ri*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
tenets of Sabbatarians.</def>  <i>Bp. Ward (1673).</i></p>

<p><hw>Sab"bath</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sabat</i>,
<i>sabbat</i>, F. <i>sabbat</i>, L. <i>sabbatum</i>, Gr.
<grk>sa`bbaton</grk>, fr. Heb. <i>shabb&amacr;th</i>, fr.
<i>sh&amacr;bath</i> to rest from labor.  Cf. <u>Sabbat</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A season or day of rest; one day in seven
appointed for rest or worship, the observance of which was enjoined
upon the Jews in the Decalogue, and has been continued by the
Christian church with a transference of the day observed from the last
to the first day of the week, which is called also <i>Lord's
Day</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Remember the <i>sabbath</i> day, to keep it
holy.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xx. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The seventh year, observed among the
Israelites as one of rest and festival.</def>  <i>Lev. xxv. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A time of rest or repose;
intermission of pain, effort, sorrow, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Peaceful sleep out the <i>sabbath</i> of the
tomb.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sabbath breaker</b></col>, <cd>one who violates the law of
the Sabbath.</cd> -- <col><b>Sabbath breaking</b></col>, <cd>the
violation of the law of the Sabbath.</cd> -- <col><b>Sabbath-day's
journey</b></col>, <cd>a distance of about a mile, which, under
Rabbinical law, the Jews were allowed to travel on the
Sabbath.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Sabbath</u>, <u>Sunday</u>.  <i>Sabbath</i> is
not strictly synonymous with <i>Sunday</i>. <i>Sabbath</i> denotes the
institution; <i>Sunday</i> is the name of the first day of the week.
The <i>Sabbath</i> of the Jews is on <i>Saturday</i>, and the
<i>Sabbath</i> of most Christians on <i>Sunday</i>. In New England,
the first day of the week has been called "<i>the Sabbath</i>," to
mark it as holy time; <i>Sunday</i> is the word more commonly used, at
present, in all parts of the United States, as it is in England. "So
if we will be the children of our heavenly Father, we must be careful
to keep the Christian <i>Sabbath</i> day, which is the <i>Sunday</i>."
<i>Homilies.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sab"bath*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without Sabbath,
or intermission of labor; hence, without respite or rest.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sab*bat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sab*bat"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>sabbatique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the Sabbath; resembling the Sabbath; enjoying or
bringing an intermission of labor.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sabbatical year</b></col> <i>(Jewish Antiq.)</i>, <cd>every
seventh year, in which the Israelites were commanded to suffer their
fields and vineyards to rest, or lie without tillage.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sab"ba*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sabbatismus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to keep the Sabbath: cf. F.
<i>sabbatisme</i>. See <u>Sabbath</u>.] <def>Intermission of labor, as
upon the Sabbath; rest.</def> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sab"ba*ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sp.
<i>zapaton</i>, a large shoe, F. <i>sabot</i> a wooden shoe.] <def>A
round-toed, armed covering for the feet, worn during a part of the
sixteenth century in both military and civil dress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*be"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Sabian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"be*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Sabianism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa*bel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>sabulum</i> gravel.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of tubicolous
annelids having a circle of plumose gills around the head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*bel"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
the doctrines or tenets of Sabellius. See <u>Sabellian</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*bel"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>A follower of <i>Sabellius</i>, a presbyter of
Ptolemais in the third century, who maintained that there is but one
person in the Godhead, and that the Son and Holy Spirit are only
different powers, operations, or offices of the one God the
Father.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*bel"li*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>The doctrines or tenets of Sabellius. See <u>Sabellian</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*bel"loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sabella</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like, or related to, the genus
Sabella.</def> -- <wf>Sa*bel"loid</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sa"ber</hw>, <hw>Sa"bre</hw> } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sabre</i>, G. <i>s&auml;bel</i>; of uncertain origin; cf. Hung.
<i>sz&aacute;blya</i>, Pol. <i>szabla</i>, Russ. <i>sabla</i>, and L.
Gr. <grk>zabo`s</grk> crooked, curved.] <def>A sword with a broad and
heavy blade, thick at the back, and usually more or less curved like a
scimiter; a cavalry sword.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Saber fish</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Sabre
fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the cutlass fish.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sa"ber</hw>, <hw>Sa"bre</hw>  }, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sabered</u> (?) or <u>Sabred</u>
(&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Sabering</u> or
<u>Sabring</u> (&?;).] [Cf. F. <i>sabrer</i>.] <def>To strike, cut, or
kill with a saber; to cut down, as with a saber.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You send troops to <i>saber</i> and bayonet us into
submission.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sa"ber*bill`</hw>, <hw>Sa"bre*bill`</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The curlew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"bi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Sabaeus</i>.]
[Written also <i>Sabean</i>, and <i>Sab&aelig;an</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to Saba in Arabia, celebrated
for producing aromatic plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relating to the religion of Saba, or to the
worship of the heavenly bodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"bi*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An adherent of the
Sabian religion; a worshiper of the heavenly bodies.</def> [Written
also <i>Sab&aelig;an</i>, and <i>Sabean</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa"bi*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The doctrine
of the Sabians; the Sabian religion; that species of idolatry which
consists in worshiping the sun, moon, and stars; heliolatry.</def>
[Written also <i>Sab&aelig;anism</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sab"i*cu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The very hard
wood of a leguminous West Indian tree (<i>Lysiloma Sabicu</i>), valued
for shipbuilding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"bine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Sabinus</i>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to the ancient Sabines, a people of Italy.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Sabine people.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sab"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>Sabina
herba</i>, fr. <i>Sabini</i> the Sabines.  Cf. <u>Savin</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Savin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>sable</i>, F.
<i>zibeline</i> sable (in sense 4), LL. <i>sabellum</i>; cf. D.
<i>sabel</i>, Dan. <i>sabel</i>, <i>zobel</i>, Sw. <i>sabel</i>,
<i>sobel</i>, G. <i>zobel</i>; all fr. Russ. <i>s&oacute;bole</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A carnivorous animal of
the Weasel family (<i>Mustela zibellina</i>) native of the northern
latitudes of Europe, Asia, and America, -- noted for its fine, soft,
and valuable fur.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The sable resembles the marten, but has a longer head and
ears. Its fur consists of a soft under wool, with a dense coat of
hair, overtopped by another still longer. It varies greatly in color
and quality according to the locality and the season of the year.  The
darkest and most valuable furs are taken in autumn and winter in the
colder parts of Siberia, Russia, and British North America.</p>

<p>&fist; The American sable, or marten, was formerly considered a
distinct species (<i>Mustela Americana</i>), but it differs very
little from the Asiatic sable, and is now considered only a
geographical variety.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fur of the sable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A mourning garment; a funeral robe; --
generally in the plural.</def> "<i>Sables</i> wove by destiny."
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>The tincture black; --
represented by vertical and horizontal lines crossing each
other.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the color of the
sable's fur; dark; black; -- used chiefly in poetry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Night, <i>sable</i> goddess! from her ebon throne,<BR>
In rayless majesty, now stretches forth<BR>
Her leaden scepter o'er a slumbering world.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sable antelope</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large
South African antelope (<i>Hippotragus niger</i>). Both sexes have
long, sharp horns. The adult male is black; the female is dark
chestnut above, white beneath.</cd> -- <col><b>Sable iron</b></col>,
<cd>a superior quality of Russia iron; -- so called because originally
stamped with the figure of a sable.</cd> -- <col><b>Sable
mouse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the lemming.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sa"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sabled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sabling</u> (?).] <def>To render sable or dark; to drape darkly or
in black.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sabled</i> all in black the shady sky.</blockquote>
<i>G. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sa`bot"</hw> (s&adot;`b&omacr;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of wooden shoe worn by the peasantry in
France, Belgium, Sweden, and some other European countries.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A thick, circular disk of
wood, to which the cartridge bag and projectile are attached, in fixed
ammunition for cannon; also, a piece of soft metal attached to a
projectile to take the groove of the rifling.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa`bo"ti&egrave;re</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
kind of freezer for ices.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"bre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. & v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Saber</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa"bre*tasche`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sabretache</i>, G. <i>s&auml;beltasche</i>; <i>s&auml;bel</i> saber
+ <i>tasche</i> a pocket.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A leather case or pocket
worn by cavalry at the left side, suspended from the sword belt.</def>
<i>Campbell (Dict. Mil. Sci.).</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*bri"na work`</hw> (?). <def>A variety of appliqu&eacute;
work for quilts, table covers, etc.</def>  <i>Caulfeild & S. (Dict. of
Needlework).</i></p>

<p><hw>Sab"u*lose</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sabulosus</i>,
from <i>sabulum</i>, <i>sabulo</i>, sand.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Growing
in sandy places.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sab`u*los"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being sabulous; sandiness; grittiness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sab"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sabulosus</i>.] <def>Sandy; gritty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac</hw> (s&add;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<def>See <u>Sacs</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sake</u>, <u>Soc</u>.]
<i>(O.Eng. Law)</i> <def>The privilege formerly enjoyed by the lord of
a manor, of holding courts, trying causes, and imposing fines.</def>
<i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sac</hw> (s&abreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>saccus</i> a sack. See <u>Sack</u> a bag.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>See 2d <u>Sack</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A cavity, bag, or
receptacle, usually containing fluid, and either closed, or opening
into another cavity to the exterior; a sack.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"a*lait</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A kind of fresh-water bass; the crappie.</def> [Southern
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa"car</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Saker</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac*cade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Man.)</i>
<def>A sudden, violent check of a horse by drawing or twitching the
reins on a sudden and with one pull.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. <i>saccatus</i>,
fr. L. <i>saccus</i> a sack, bag.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Having the form of a sack or pouch; furnished with a sack or
pouch, as a petal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
<i>Saccata</i>, a suborder of ctenophores having two pouches into
which the long tentacles can be retracted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"cha*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A salt of saccharic acid.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In a wider sense, a compound of saccharose,
or any similar carbohydrate, with such bases as the oxides of calcium,
barium, or lead; a sucrate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac*char"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or obtained from, saccharine substances;
specifically, designating an acid obtained, as a white amorphous gummy
mass, by the oxidation of mannite, glucose, sucrose, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac`cha*rif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>saccharon</i> sugar + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Producing sugar; as,
<i>sacchariferous</i> canes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac*char"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Saccharified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Saccharifying</u> (?).] [L. <i>saccharon</i> sugar +
<i>-fy</i>: cf. F. <i>saccharifier</i>.] <def>To convert into, or to
impregnate with, sugar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac`cha*ril"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
muslin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac`cha*rim"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>saccharon</i> sugar + <i>-meter</i>: cf. F.
<i>saccharim&egrave;tre</i>.] <def>An instrument for ascertaining the
quantity of saccharine matter in any solution, as the juice of a
plant, or brewers' and distillers' worts.</def> [Written also
<i>saccharometer</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; The <i>common saccharimeter</i> of the brewer is an
hydrometer adapted by its scale to point out the proportion of
saccharine matter in a solution of any specific gravity. The
<i>polarizing saccharimeter</i> of the chemist is a complex optical
apparatus, in which polarized light is transmitted through the
saccharine solution, and the proportion of sugar indicated by the
relative deviation of the plane of polarization.</p>

<p><hw>Sac`cha*ri*met"ric*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to saccharimetry; obtained by saccharimetry.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1265 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Sac`cha*rim"e*try</hw>
(s&abreve;k`k&adot;*r&ibreve;m"&esl;*tr&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act, process or method of determining the amount and kind of
sugar present in sirup, molasses, and the like, especially by the
employment of polarizing apparatus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"cha*rin</hw> (s&abreve;k"k&adot;*r&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from L. <i>saccharon</i> sugar.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A bitter white crystalline substance obtained from
the saccharinates and regarded as the lactone of saccharinic acid; --
so called because formerly supposed to be isomeric with cane sugar
(<i>saccharose</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"cha*ri*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A salt of saccharinic acid.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A salt of saccharine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"cha*rine</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>saccharin</i>, fr. L. <i>saccharon</i> sugar, Gr. &?;, &?;, &?;,
Skr. <i>&ccedil;arkara</i>. Cf. <u>Sugar</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining
to sugar; having the qualities of sugar; producing sugar; sweet; as, a
<i>saccharine</i> taste; <i>saccharine</i> matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"cha*rine</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A trade name for benzoic sulphinide.</def> [Written also
<i>saccharin</i>.] </p>

<p><hw>Sac"cha*rin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or derived from, saccharin; specifically,
designating a complex acid not known in the free state but well known
in its salts, which are obtained by boiling dextrose and levulose
(invert sugar) with milk of lime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"cha*rize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Saccharized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Saccharizing</u> (?).] <def>To convert into, or to
impregnate with, sugar.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sac"cha*roid</hw> (?), <hw>Sac`cha*roid"al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>saccharon</i> sugar + <i>-oid</i>: cf. F.
<i>saccharo&iuml;de</i>.] <def>Resembling sugar, as in taste,
appearance, consistency, or composition; as, <i>saccharoidal</i>
limestone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac`cha*rom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
saccharimeter.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sac`cha*ro*my"ces</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; sugar + &?;, &?;, a fungus.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A genus of
budding fungi, the various species of which have the power, to a
greater or less extent, or splitting up sugar into alcohol and
carbonic acid. They are the active agents in producing fermentation of
wine, beer, etc. <i>Saccharomyces cerevisi&aelig;</i> is the yeast of
sedimentary beer. Also called <i>Torula</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sac`cha*ro*my*ce"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A family of fungi consisting of the one genus
Saccharomyces.</def> </p>

<p><hw>Sac"cha*ro*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of saccharonic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"cha*rone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sacchar</i>in +
lact<i>one</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A white
crystalline substance, C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>8</sub>O<sub>6</sub>,
obtained by the oxidation of saccharin, and regarded as the lactone of
saccharonic acid.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An oily liquid,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, obtained by the reduction of
saccharin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac`cha*ron"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or derived from, saccharone; specifically,
designating an unstable acid which is obtained from saccharone
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> by hydration, and forms a well-known series of
salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"cha*rose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Cane sugar; sucrose; also, in general, any one of the group of
which saccharose, or sucrose proper, is the type. See
<u>Sucrose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"cha*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Saccharine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sac"cha*rum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Saccharine</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of tall tropical
grasses including the sugar cane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac`cho*lac"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Saccholactic</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of saccholactic acid;
-- formerly called also <i>saccholate</i>.</def> [Obs.] See
<u>Mucate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sac`cho*lac"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>saccharon</i> sugar + <i>lac</i>, <i>lactis</i>, milk.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid now
called <i>mucic acid</i>; saccholic.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sac*chol"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Saccholactic.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sac*chul"mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of sacchulmic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac*chul"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sacch</i>arine
+ <i>ulmic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
designating, an acid obtained as a dark amorphous substance by the
long-continued boiling of sucrose with very dilute sulphuric acid. It
resembles humic acid.</def> [Written also <i>sacculmic</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sac*chul"min</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An amorphous huminlike substance resembling sacchulmic acid, and
produced together with it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac*cif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>saccus</i>
a sack + <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Bearing a sac.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"ci*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>saccus</i> a
sack + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having the general form of a
sac.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sac`co*glos"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
L. <i>saccus</i> a sack + Gr. &?; a tongue.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Pellibranchiata</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a sac;
sacciform.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"cu*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished
with little sacs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"cule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sacculus</i>,
dim. of <i>saccus</i> sack.] <def>A little sac; specifically, the
sacculus of the ear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac`cu*lo-coch"le*ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the sacculus and cochlea of the
ear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac`cu*lo-u*tric"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the sacculus and utriculus of the
ear.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sac"cu*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sacculi</b></plw> (#). [L., little sack.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>A little sac; esp., a part of the membranous labyrinth of the
ear.</def> See the Note under <u>Ear</u>. </p>

<p><hw>||Sac"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sacci</b></plw> (#). [L., a sack.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A
sac.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*cel"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sacella</b></plw> (#). [L., dim. of <i>sacrum</i> a sacred
place.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>An unroofed
space consecrated to a divinity.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A small monumental chapel in a church.</def>
<i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sac`er*do"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sacerdotalis</i>, fr. <i>sacerdos</i>, <i>-otis</i>, a priest, fr.
<i>sacer</i> holy, sacred: cf. F. <i>sacerdotal</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to priests, or to the order of priests; relating to the
priesthood; priesty; as, <i>sacerdotal</i> dignity; <i>sacerdotal</i>
functions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ascendency of the <i>sacerdotal</i> order was long
the ascendency which naturally and properly belongs to intellectual
superiority.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sac`er*do"tal*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
system, style, spirit, or character, of a priesthood, or sacerdotal
order; devotion to the interests of the sacerdotal order.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac`er*do"tal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
sacerdotal manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sach"el</hw> (s&abreve;ch"&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A small bag.</def> See <u>Satchel</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sa"chem</hw> (s&acr";ch<i>e</i>m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
chief of a tribe of the American Indians; a sagamore.</def> See
<u>Sagamore</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sa"chem*dom</hw> (-d&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
government or jurisdiction of a sachem.</def> <i>Dr. T.
Dwight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"chem*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Office or
condition of a sachem.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa`chet"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., dim. of
<i>sac</i>. See <u>Sac</u>.] <def>A scent bag, or perfume cushion, to
be laid among handkerchiefs, garments, etc., to perfume
them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*ci"e*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Satiety.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sack</hw> (s&scr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>seck</i>, F.
<i>sec</i> dry (cf. Sp. <i>seco</i>, It. <i>secco</i>), from L.
<i>siccus</i> dry, harsh; perhaps akin to Gr. <grk>'ischno`s</grk>,
Skr. <i>sikata</i> sand, Ir. <i>sesc</i> dry, W. <i>hysp</i>. Cf.
<u>Desiccate</u>.] <def>A name formerly given to various dry Spanish
wines.</def> "Sherris <i>sack</i>." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sack posset</b></col>, <cd>a posset made of sack, and some
other ingredients.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sack</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sak</i>, <i>sek</i>,
AS. <i>sacc</i>, <i>s&aelig;cc</i>, L. <i>saccus</i>, Gr.
<grk>sa`kkos</grk> from Heb. <i>sak</i>; cf. F. <i>sac</i>, from the
Latin. Cf. <u>Sac</u>, <u>Satchel</u>, <u>Sack</u> to plunder.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bag for holding and carrying goods of any
kind; a receptacle made of some kind of pliable material, as cloth,
leather, and the like; a large pouch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A measure of varying capacity, according to
local usage and the substance. The American <i>sack</i> of salt is 215
pounds; the <i>sack</i> of wheat, two bushels.</def>
<i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Perhaps a different word.] <def>Originally, a
loosely hanging garment for women, worn like a cloak about the
shoulders, and serving as a decorative appendage to the gown; now, an
outer garment with sleeves, worn by women; as, a dressing
<i>sack</i>.</def> [Written also <i>sacque</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A sack coat; a kind of coat worn by men,
and extending from top to bottom without a cross seam.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>See 2d <u>Sac</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sack bearer</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>. <cd>See
<i>Basket worm</i>, under <u>Basket</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sack
tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an East Indian tree (<i>Antiaris
saccidora</i>) which is cut into lengths, and made into sacks by
turning the bark inside out, and leaving a slice of the wood for a
bottom.</cd> -- <col><b>To give the sack to</b></col> or <col><b>get
the sack</b></col>, <cd>to discharge, or be discharged, from
employment; to jilt, or be jilted.</cd> [Slang]  </p>

<p><hw>Sack</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
put in a sack; to bag; as, to <i>sack</i> corn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bolsters <i>sacked</i> in cloth, blue and
crimson.</blockquote> <i>L. Wallace.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bear or carry in a sack upon the back or
the shoulders.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Sack</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sac</i> plunder,
pillage, originally, a pack, packet, booty packed up, fr. L.
<i>saccus</i>. See <u>Sack</u> a bag.] <def>The pillage or plunder, as
of a town or city; the storm and plunder of a town; devastation;
ravage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The town was stormed, and delivered up to <i>sack</i>,
-- by which phrase is to be understood the perpetration of all those
outrages which the ruthless code of war allowed, in that age, on the
persons and property of the defenseless inhabitants, without regard to
sex or age.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sack</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sacked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sacking</u>.] [See <u>Sack</u> pillage.] <def>To plunder or
pillage, as a town or city; to devastate; to ravage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Romans lay under the apprehensions of seeing their
city <i>sacked</i> by a barbarous enemy.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sack"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
taking by storm and pillaging; sack.</def> [R.] <i>H. Roscoe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sack"but</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>saquebute</i>,
OF. <i>saqueboute</i> a sackbut, earlier, a sort of hook attached to
the end of a lance used by foot soldiers to unhorse cavalrymen; prop.
meaning, pull and push; fr. <i>saquier</i>, <i>sachier</i>, to pull,
draw (perhaps originally, to put into a bag or take out from a bag;
see <u>Sack</u> a bag) + <i>bouter</i> to push (see <u>Butt</u> to
thrust). The name was given to the musical instrument from its being
lengthened and shortened.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A brass wind instrument,
like a bass trumpet, so contrived that it can be lengthened or
shortened according to the tone required; -- said to be the same as
the trombone.</def> [Written also <i>sagbut</i>.] <i>Moore (Encyc. of
Music).</i></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>sackbut</i> of the Scriptures is supposed to have
been a stringed instrument.</p>

<p><hw>Sack"cloth`</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Linen or
cotton cloth such as sacks are made of; coarse cloth; anciently, a
cloth or garment worn in mourning, distress, mortification, or
penitence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gird you with <i>sackcloth</i>, and mourn before
Abner.</blockquote> <i>2 Sam. iii. 31.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus with <i>sackcloth</i> I invest my
woe.</blockquote> <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sack"clothed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Clothed in
sackcloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sack"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who sacks; one
who takes part in the storm and pillage of a town.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sack"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sackfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>As much as a sack will
hold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sack"ful</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bent on plunder.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sack"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>s&aelig;ccing</i>,
from <i>s&aelig;cc</i> sack, bag.] <def>Stout, coarse cloth of which
sacks, bags, etc., are made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sack"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sacle&aacute;s</i>; <i>sacu</i> contention + <i>le&aacute;s</i>
loose, free from.] <def>Quiet; peaceable; harmless; innocent.</def>
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sack"-winged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a peculiar pouch developed near the
front edge of the wing; -- said of certain bats of the genus
<i>Saccopteryx</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sacque</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formed after the analogy
of the French. See 2d <u>Sack</u>.] <def>Same as 2d <u>Sack</u>,
3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"cral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to the sacrum; in the region of the sacrum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"ra*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sacramentum</i> an oath, a sacred thing, a mystery, a sacrament,
fr. <i>sacrare</i> to declare as sacred, <i>sacer</i> sacred: cf. F.
<i>sacrement</i>. See <u>Sacred</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The oath
of allegiance taken by Roman soldiers; hence, a sacred ceremony used
to impress an obligation; a solemn oath-taking; an oath.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I'll take the <i>sacrament</i> on't.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The pledge or token of an oath or solemn
covenant; a sacred thing; a mystery.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>God sometimes sent a light of fire, and pillar of a
cloud . . . and the <i>sacrament</i> of a rainbow, to guide his people
through their portion of sorrows.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>One of the solemn religious
ordinances enjoined by Christ, the head of the Christian church, to be
observed by his followers; hence, specifically, the eucharist; the
Lord's Supper.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Sacrament</u>, <u>Eucharist</u>. -- Protestants
apply the term <i>sacrament</i> to baptism and the Lord's Supper,
especially the latter. The R. Cath. and Greek churches have five other
sacraments, viz., confirmation, penance, holy orders, matrimony, and
extreme unction. As <i>sacrament</i> denotes an oath or vow, the word
has been applied by way of emphasis to the Lord's Supper, where the
most sacred vows are renewed by the Christian in commemorating the
death of his Redeemer. <i>Eucharist</i> denotes the <i>giving of
thanks</i>; and this term also has been applied to the same ordinance,
as expressing the grateful remembrance of Christ's sufferings and
death. "Some receive the <i>sacrament</i> as a means to procure great
graces and blessings; others as an <i>eucharist</i> and an office of
thanksgiving for what they have received." <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sac"ra*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bind by
an oath.</def> [Obs.] <i>Laud.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sac`ra*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sacramentalis</i>: cf. F. <i>sacramental</i>, <i>sacramentel</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a sacrament or the
sacraments; of the nature of a sacrament; sacredly or solemnly
binding; as, <i>sacramental</i> rites or elements.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bound by a sacrament.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sacramental</i> host of God's
elect.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sac`ra*men"tal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
relates to a sacrament.</def> <i>Bp. Morton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sac`ra*men"tal*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
doctrine and use of sacraments; attachment of excessive importance to
sacraments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac`ra*men"tal*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
holds the doctrine of the real objective presence of Christ's body and
blood in the holy eucharist.</def> <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sac`ra*men"tal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
sacramental manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac`ra*men*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>sacramentarius</i>: cf. F. <i>sacramentaire</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A name given in the sixteenth
century to those German reformers who rejected both the Roman and the
Lutheran doctrine of the holy eucharist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who holds extreme opinions regarding
the efficacy of sacraments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac`ra*men*ta"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining a sacrament, or to the
sacramentals; sacramental.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Sacramentarians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac`ra*men"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a sacrament or the
sacraments; sacramental.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Sacramentarians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac`ra*men"ta*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-ries</b></plw> (#). [LL. <i>sacramentarium</i>: cf. F.
<i>sacramentaire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An ancient book of the
Roman Catholic Church, written by Pope Gelasius, and revised,
corrected, and abridged by St. Gregory, in which were contained the
rites for Mass, the sacraments, the dedication of churches, and other
ceremonies. There are several ancient books of the same kind in France
and Germany.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Sacramentarian</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Papists, Anabaptists, and
<i>Sacramentaries</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sac"ra*ment*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
administer the sacraments.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Both to preach and <i>sacramentize</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sa*cra"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-ria</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. <i>sacer</i> sacred.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sort of family chapel in the houses of the
Romans, devoted to a special divinity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The adytum of a temple.</def>
<i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In a Christian church, the
sanctuary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"crate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>sacratus</i>,
p. p. of <i>sacrare</i>. See <u>Sacred</u>.] <def>To consecrate.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa*cra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Consecration.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa"cre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Saker</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"cre</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>sacrer</i>. See
<u>Sacred</u>.] <def>To consecrate; to make sacred.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"cred</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Originally p. p. of OE.
<i>sacren</i> to consecrate, F. <i>sacrer</i>, fr. L. <i>sacrare</i>,
fr. <i>sacer</i> sacred, holy, cursed. Cf. <u>Consecrate</u>,
<u>Execrate</u>, <u>Saint</u>, <u>Sexton</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Set apart by solemn religious ceremony; especially, in a good
sense, made holy; set apart to religious use; consecrated; not profane
or common; as, a <i>sacred</i> place; a <i>sacred</i> day;
<i>sacred</i> service.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relating to religion, or to the services of
religion; not secular; religious; as, <i>sacred</i> history.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Smit with the love of <i>sacred</i> song.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Designated or exalted by a divine sanction;
possessing the highest title to obedience, honor, reverence, or
veneration; entitled to extreme reverence; venerable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such neighbor nearness to our <i>sacred</i> [royal]
blood<BR>
Should nothing privilege him.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Poet and saint to thee alone were given,<BR>
The two most <i>sacred</i> names of earth and heaven.</blockquote>
<i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hence, not to be profaned or violated;
inviolable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Secrets of marriage still are <i>sacred</i>
held.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Consecrated; dedicated; devoted; -- with
<i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A temple, <i>sacred</i> to the queen of
love.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Solemnly devoted, in a bad sense, as to
evil, vengeance, curse, or the like; accursed; baleful.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>But, to destruction <i>sacred</i> and
devote.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1266 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><col><b>Society of the Sacred Heart</b></col> <i>(R.C. Ch.)</i>,
<cd>a religious order of women, founded in France in 1800, and
approved in 1826. It was introduced into America in 1817. The members
of the order devote themselves to the higher branches of female
education.</cd> -- <col><b>Sacred baboon</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Hamadryas</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sacred
bean</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a seed of the Oriental lotus
(<i>Nelumbo speciosa</i> or <i>Nelumbium speciosum</i>), a plant
resembling a water lily; also, the plant itself. See
<u>Lotus</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sacred beetle</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Scarab</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sacred
canon</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Canon</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</cd> -
- <col><b>Sacred fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
numerous species of fresh-water African fishes of the family
<i>Mormyrid&aelig;</i>. Several large species inhabit the Nile and
were considered sacred by the ancient Egyptians; especially
<i>Mormyrus oxyrhynchus</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sacred ibis</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Ibis</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sacred monkey</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any Asiatic monkey of the
genus <i>Semnopithecus</i>, regarded as sacred by the Hindoos;
especially, the entellus. See <u>Entellus</u>.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The sacred baboon.</cd> See <u>Hamadryas</u>.
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>The bhunder, or rhesus monkey.</cd> --
<col><b>Sacred place</b></col> <i>(Civil Law)</i>, <cd>the place where
a deceased person is buried.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Holy; divine; hallowed; consecrated; dedicated;
devoted; religious; venerable; reverend.</p>

<p> -- <wf>Sa"cred*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sa"cred*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sacrif"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sa*crif"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sacrificus</i>, <i>sacrificalis</i>. See
<u>Sacrifice</u>.] <def>Employed in sacrifice.</def> [R.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*crif"ic*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being offered in sacrifice.</def> [R.] <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*crif"ic*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sacrificans</i>, p. pr. See <u>Sacrifice</u>.] <def>One who offers
a sacrifice.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sac"ri*fi*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A
sacrificer; one who offers a sacrifice.</def> [R.] <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*crif"ic*a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sacrificatoire</i>.] <def>Offering sacrifice.</def> [R.]
<i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sac"ri*fice</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>sacrifise</i>, <i>sacrifice</i>, F. <i>sacrifice</i>, fr. L.
<i>sacrificium</i>; <i>sacer</i> sacred + <i>facere</i> to make. See
<u>Sacred</u>, and <u>Fact</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The offering
of anything to God, or to a god; consecratory rite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Great pomp, and <i>sacrifice</i>, and praises loud,<BR>
To Dagon.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything consecrated and offered to God, or
to a divinity; an immolated victim, or an offering of any kind, laid
upon an altar, or otherwise presented in the way of religious
thanksgiving, atonement, or conciliation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Moloch, horrid king, besmeared with blood<BR>
Of human <i>sacrifice</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My life, if thou preserv'st my life,<BR>
Thy <i>sacrifice</i> shall be.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Destruction or surrender of anything for
the sake of something else; devotion of some desirable object in
behalf of a higher object, or to a claim deemed more pressing; hence,
also, the thing so devoted or given up; as, the <i>sacrifice</i> of
interest to pleasure, or of pleasure to interest.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A sale at a price less than the cost or the
actual value.</def> [Tradesmen's Cant]</p>

<p><col><b>Burnt sacrifice</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Burnt offering</i>,
under <u>Burnt</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sacrifice hit</b></col>
<i>(Baseball)</i>, <cd>in batting, a hit of such a kind that the
batter loses his chance of tallying, but enables one or more who are
on bases to get home or gain a base.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sac"ri*fice</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sacrificed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p.
pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Sacrificing</u> (&?;).] [From
<u>Sacrifice</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>: cf. F. <i>sacrifier</i>, L.
<i>sacrificare</i>; <i>sacer</i> sacred, holy + <i>-ficare</i> (only
in comp.) to make. See <u>-fy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make an
offering of; to consecrate or present to a divinity by way of
expiation or propitiation, or as a token acknowledgment or
thanksgiving; to immolate on the altar of God, in order to atone for
sin, to procure favor, or to express thankfulness; as, to
<i>sacrifice</i> an ox or a sheep.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Oft <i>sacrificing</i> bullock, lamb, or
kid.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to destroy, surrender, or suffer to
be lost, for the sake of obtaining something; to give up in favor of a
higher or more imperative object or duty; to devote, with loss or
suffering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Condemned to <i>sacrifice</i> his childish years<BR>
To babbling ignorance, and to empty fears.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Baronet had <i>sacrificed</i> a large sum . . . for
the sake of . . . making this boy his heir.</blockquote> <i>G.
Eliot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To destroy; to kill.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To sell at a price less than the cost or
the actual value.</def> [Tradesmen's Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Sac"ri*fice</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make
offerings to God, or to a deity, of things consumed on the altar; to
offer sacrifice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O teacher, some great mischief hath befallen<BR>
To that meek man, who well had <i>sacrificed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sac"ri*fi`cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
sacrifices.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac`ri*fi"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to sacrifice or sacrifices; consisting in sacrifice;
performing sacrifice.</def> "<i>Sacrificial</i> rites." <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sac"ri*lege</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sacril&egrave;ge</i>, L. <i>sacrilegium</i>, from <i>sacrilegus</i>
that steals, properly, gathers or picks up, sacred things;
<i>sacer</i> sacred + <i>legere</i> to gather, pick up. See
<u>Sacred</u>, and <u>Legend</u>.] <def>The sin or crime of violating
or profaning sacred things; the alienating to laymen, or to common
purposes, what has been appropriated or consecrated to religious
persons or uses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the hid treasures in her sacred tomb<BR>
With <i>sacrilege</i> to dig.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Families raised upon the ruins of churches, and
enriched with the spoils of <i>sacrilege</i>.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sac`ri*le"gious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<i>sacrilege</i>: cf. L. <i>sacrilegus</i>.] <def>Violating sacred
things; polluted with sacrilege; involving sacrilege; profane;
impious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Above the reach of <i>sacrilegious</i>
hands.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sac`ri*le"gious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sac`ri*le"gious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sac"ri*le`gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One guilty
of sacrilege.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"ring</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Sacre</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sacring bell</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Sanctus bell</i>, under
<u>Sanctus</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sa"crist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>sacrista</i>.
See <u>Sacristan</u>.] <def>A sacristan; also, a person retained in a
cathedral to copy out music for the choir, and take care of the
books.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"ris*tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sacristain</i>, LL. <i>sacrista</i>, fr. L. <i>sacer</i>. See
<u>Sacred</u>, and cf. <u>Sexton</u>.] <def>An officer of the church
who has the care of the utensils or movables, and of the church in
general; a sexton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"ris*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sacristies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>sacristie</i>, LL.
<i>sacristia</i>, fr. L. <i>sacer</i>. See <u>Sacred</u>.] <def>An
apartment in a church where the sacred utensils, vestments, etc., are
kept; a vestry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"cro-</hw> (&?;). <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A combining form
denoting <i>connection with</i>, or <i>relation to</i>, <i>the
sacrum</i>, as in <i>sacro</i>-coccygeal, <i>sacro</i>-iliac,
<i>sacro</i>sciatic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"ro*sanct</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sucrosanctus</i>.] <def>Sacred; inviolable.</def> [R.] <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa`cro*sci*at"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to both the sacrum and the hip; as, the
<i>sacrosciatic</i> foramina formed by the <i>sacrosciatic</i>
ligaments which connect the sacrum and the hip bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa`cro*ver"te*bral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the sacrum and that part of
the vertebral column immediately anterior to it; as, the
<i>sacrovertebral</i> angle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa"crum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>sacra</b></plw> (&?;). [NL., fr. L. <i>sacer</i> sacred, <i>os
sacrum</i> the lowest bone of the spine.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>That
part of the vertebral column which is directly connected with, or
forms a part of, the pelvis.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It may consist of a single vertebra or of several more or
less consolidated. In man it forms the dorsal, or posterior, wall of
the pelvis, and consists of five united vertebr&aelig;, which diminish
in size very rapidly to the posterior extremity, which bears the
coccyx.</p>

<p><hw>Sacs</hw> (s&add;ks), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Sac</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe of
Indians, which, together with the Foxes, formerly occupied the region
about Green Bay, Wisconsin.</def> [Written also <i>Sauks</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sad</hw> (s&abreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sadder</u> (?);
<pos><i>supperl.</i></pos> <u>Saddest</u>.] [OE. <i>sad</i> sated,
tired, satisfied, firm, steadfast, AS. <i>s&aelig;d</i> satisfied,
sated; akin to D. <i>zat</i>, OS. <i>sad</i>, G. <i>satt</i>, OHG.
<i>sat</i>, Icel. <i>sa&eth;r</i>, <i>saddr</i>, Goth.
<i>sa&thorn;s</i>, Lith. <i>sotus</i>, L. <i>sat</i>, <i>satis</i>,
enough, <i>satur</i> sated, Gr. <grk>'a`menai</grk> to satiate,
<grk>'a`dnh</grk> enough. Cf. <u>Assets</u>, <u>Sate</u>,
<u>Satiate</u>, <u>Satisfy</u>, <u>Satire</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sated; satisfied; weary; tired.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Yet of that art they can not waxen <i>sad</i>,<BR>
For unto them it is a bitter sweet.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Heavy; weighty; ponderous; close;
hard.</def> [Obs., except in a few phrases; as, <i>sad</i> bread.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His hand, more <i>sad</i> than lump of
lead.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Chalky lands are naturally cold and
<i>sad</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Dull; grave; dark; somber; -- said of
colors.</def> "<i>Sad</i>-colored clothes." <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Woad, or wade, is used by the dyers to lay the
foundation of all <i>sad</i> colors.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Serious; grave; sober; steadfast; not light
or frivolous.</def> [Obs.] "Ripe and <i>sad</i> courage."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lady Catharine, a <i>sad</i> and religious
woman.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Which treaty was wisely handled by <i>sad</i> and
discrete counsel of both parties.</blockquote> <i>Ld. Berners.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Affected with grief or unhappiness; cast
down with affliction; downcast; gloomy; mournful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>First were we <i>sad</i>, fearing you would not
come;<BR>
Now <i>sadder</i>, that you come so unprovided.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The angelic guards ascended, mute and
<i>sad</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Afflictive; calamitous; causing sorrow; as,
a <i>sad</i> accident; a <i>sad</i> misfortune.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Hence, bad; naughty; troublesome;
wicked.</def> [Colloq.] "<i>Sad</i> tipsy fellows, both of them."
<i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sad</i> is sometimes used in the formation of self-
explaining compounds; as, <i>sad</i>-colored, <i>sad</i>-eyed,
<i>sad</i>-hearted, <i>sad</i>-looking, and the like.</p>

<p><col><b>Sad bread</b></col>, <cd>heavy bread.</cd> [Scot. & Local,
U.S.] <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sorrowful; mournful; gloomy; dejected; depressed;
cheerless; downcast; sedate; serious; grave; grievous; afflictive;
calamitous.</p>

<p><hw>Sad</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make sorrowful; to
sadden.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>How it <i>sadded</i> the minister's
spirits!</blockquote> <i>H. Peters.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sad"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per. <i>sad-dar</i>
the hundred gates or ways; <i>sad</i> a hundred + <i>dar</i> door,
way.] <def>A work in the Persian tongue, being a summary of the Zend-
Avesta, or sacred books.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sad"den</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Saddened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Saddening</u>.] <def>To make sad.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To render heavy or cohesive.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Marl is binding, and <i>saddening</i> of land is the
great prejudice it doth to clay lands.</blockquote>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To make dull- or sad-colored, as
cloth.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To make grave or serious; to
make melancholy or sorrowful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her gloomy presence <i>saddens</i> all the
scene.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sad"den</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become, or be
made, sad.</def> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sad"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Sadda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sad"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sadel</i>, AS.
<i>sadol</i>; akin to D. <i>zadel</i>, G. <i>sattel</i>, OHG.
<i>satal</i>, <i>satul</i>, Icel. <i>s&ouml;&eth;ull</i>, Dan. & Sw.
<i>sadel</i>; cf. Russ. <i>siedlo</i>; all perh. ultimately from the
root of E. <i>sit</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A seat for a rider, --
usually made of leather, padded to span comfortably a horse's back,
furnished with stirrups for the rider's feet to rest in, and fastened
in place with a girth; also, a seat for the rider on a bicycle or
tricycle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A padded part of a harness which is worn on
a horse's back, being fastened in place with a girth. It serves
various purposes, as to keep the breeching in place, carry guides for
the reins, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A piece of meat containing a part of the
backbone of an animal with the ribs on each side; as, a <i>saddle</i>
of mutton, of venison, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A block of wood, usually
fastened to some spar, and shaped to receive the end of another
spar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A part, as a flange, which
is hollowed out to fit upon a convex surface and serve as a means of
attachment or support.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The clitellus of an
earthworm.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The threshold of a door,
when a separate piece from the floor or landing; -- so called because
it spans and covers the joint between two floors.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Saddle bar</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>one the small iron
bars to which the lead panels of a glazed window are secured.</cd>
<i>Oxf. Gloss.</i> -- <col><b>Saddle gall</b></col> <i>(Far.)</i>,
<cd>a sore or gall upon a horse's back, made by the saddle.</cd> --
<col><b>Saddle girth</b></col>, <cd>a band passing round the body of a
horse to hold the saddle in its place.</cd> -- <col><b>saddle
horse</b></col>, <cd>a horse suitable or trained for riding with a
saddle.</cd> -- <col><b>Saddle joint</b></col>, <cd>in sheet-metal
roofing, a joint formed by bending up the edge of a sheet and folding
it downward over the turned-up edge of the next sheet.</cd> --
<col><b>Saddle roof</b></col>, <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a roof having two
gables and one ridge; -- said of such a roof when used in places where
a different form is more common; as, a tower surmounted by a <i>saddle
roof</i>. Called also <i>saddleback roof</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Saddle
shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any thin plicated bivalve
shell of the genera <i>Placuna</i> and <i>Anomia</i>; -- so called
from its shape. Called also <i>saddle oyster</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sad"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Saddled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Saddling</u> (?).] [AS. <i>sadelian</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To put a saddle upon; to equip (a beast) for riding.</def>
"<i>saddle</i> my horse." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Abraham rose up early, . . . and <i>saddled</i> his
ass.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxii. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: To fix as a charge or burden upon;
to load; to encumber; as, to <i>saddle</i> a town with the expense of
bridges and highways.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sad"dle*back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Saddle-backed</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Saddleback roof</b></col>. <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>See <i>Saddle
roof</i>, under <u>Saddle</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sad"dle*back`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Anything saddle-backed; esp., a hill or ridge having a concave
outline at the top.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
harp seal.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The great blackbacked gull
(<i>Larus marinus</i>).</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The larva of a
bombycid moth (<i>Empretia stimulea</i>) which has a large, bright
green, saddle-shaped patch of color on the back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sad"dle-backed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the outline of the upper part concave
like the seat of a saddle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a low back and high neck, as a
horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sad"dle*bags</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Bags,
usually of leather, united by straps or a band, formerly much used by
horseback riders to carry small articles, one bag hanging on each
side.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sad"dle*bow`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sadelboga</i>.] <def>The bow or arch in the front part of a saddle,
or the pieces which form the front.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sad"dle*cloth`</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cloth
under a saddle, and extending out behind; a housing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sad"dled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having a broad patch of color across the back, like a saddle;
saddle-backed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sad"dler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes
saddles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A harp seal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sad"dler*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The materials for making saddles and harnesses; the articles
usually offered for sale in a saddler's shop.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The trade or employment of a
saddler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sad"dle-shaped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shaped like
a saddle.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Bent down at the sides so as to give the upper part a rounded
form.</def> <i>Henslow.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Bent on each side of a
mountain or ridge, without being broken at top; -- said of
strata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sad"dle*tree`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The frame of
a saddle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For <i>saddletree</i> scarce reached had he,<BR>
His journey to begin.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sad`du*ca"ic</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or like, the Sadducees; as, <i>Sadducaic</i>
reasonings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sad"du*cee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Sadducaei</i>,
p., Gr. &?;, Heb. <i>Tsadd&umacr;k&imacr;m</i>; -- so called from
<i>Ts&amacr;d&omacr;k</i>, the founder of the sect.] <def>One of a
sect among the ancient Jews, who denied the resurrection, a future
state, and the existence of angels.</def> -- <wf>Sad`du*ce"an</wf>
(#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sad"du*cee`ism</hw> (?), <hw>Sad"du*cism</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The tenets of the Sadducees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sad"du*cize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sadducized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sadducizing</u> (?).] <def>To adopt the principles of
the Sadducees.</def> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sadh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr. <i>s&amacr;dhu</i>
perfect, pure.] <def>A member of a monotheistic sect of Hindoos. Sadhs
resemble the Quakers in many respects.</def> <i>Balfour (Cyc. of
India).</i></p>

<p><hw>Sad"i`ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably <i>sad</i>
heavy + <i>iron</i>.] <def>An iron for smoothing clothes; a
flatiron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sad"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Wearily; heavily; firmly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In go the spears full <i>sadly</i> in
arest.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Seriously; soberly; gravely.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To tell thee <i>sadly</i>, shepherd, without blame<BR>
Or our neglect, we lost her as we came.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Grievously; deeply; sorrowfully;
miserably.</def> "He <i>sadly</i> suffers in their grief."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sad"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Heaviness; firmness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Seriousness; gravity; discretion.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Her <i>sadness</i> and her benignity.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Quality of being sad, or unhappy;
gloominess; sorrowfulness; dejection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dim <i>sadness</i> did not spare<BR>
That time celestial visages.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sorrow; heaviness; dejection. See <u>Grief</u>.</p>

<p><hw>||Sadr</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant of the genus <i>Ziziphus</i> (<i>Z. lotus</i>); -- so called by
the Arabs of Barbary, who use its berries for food. See <u>Lotus</u>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Saeng"er*fest</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>s&auml;ngerfest</i>.] <def>A festival of singers; a German singing
festival.</def></p>

<p><hw>Safe</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Safer</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Safest</u>.] [OE.
<i>sauf</i>, F. <i>sauf</i>, fr. L. <i>salvus</i>, akin to
<i>salus</i> health, welfare, safety. Cf. <u>Salute</u>,
<u>Salvation</u>, <u>Sage</u> a plant, <u>Save</u>, <u>Salvo</u> an
exception.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Free from harm, injury, or risk;
untouched or unthreatened by danger or injury; unharmed; unhurt;
secure; whole; as, <i>safe</i> from disease; <i>safe</i> from storms;
<i>safe</i> from foes.</def> "And ye dwelled <i>safe</i>." <i>1 Sam.
xii. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They escaped all <i>safe</i> to land.</blockquote>
<i>Acts xxvii. 44.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Established in a <i>safe</i>, unenvied
throne.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conferring safety; securing from harm; not
exposing to danger; confining securely; to be relied upon; not
dangerous; as, a <i>safe</i> harbor; a <i>safe</i> bridge, etc.</def>
"The man of <i>safe</i> discretion." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The King of heaven hath doomed<BR>
This place our dungeon, not our <i>safe</i> retreat.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1267 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Incapable of doing harm; no longer
dangerous; in secure care or custody; as, the prisoner is
<i>safe</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But Banquo's <i>safe</i>?<BR>
Ay, my good lord, <i>safe</i> in a ditch he bides.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Safe hit</b></col> <i>(Baseball)</i>, <cd>a hit which
enables the batter to get to first base even if no error is made by
the other side.</cd> </p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Secure; unendangered; sure.</p>

<p><hw>Safe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place for keeping
things in safety.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
strong and fireproof receptacle (as a movable chest of steel, etc., or
a closet or vault of brickwork) for containing money, valuable papers,
or the like.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A ventilated or
refrigerated chest or closet for securing provisions from noxious
animals or insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Safe</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To render safe; to make
right.</def> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Safe"-con"duct</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Safe</i> +
<i>conduct</i>: cf. F. <i>sauf-conduit</i>.] <def>That which gives a
safe passage</def>; either <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>a convoy or guard
to protect a person in an enemy's country or a foreign country</def>,
or <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>a writing, pass, or warrant of security,
given to a person to enable him to travel with safety.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Safe`-con*duct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
conduct safely; to give safe-conduct to.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>He him by all the bonds of love besought<BR>
To <i>safe-conduct</i> his love.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Safe"guard`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Safe =
<i>guard</i>: cf. F. <i>sauvegarde</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who, or that which, defends or protects; defense; protection.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy sword, the <i>safeguard</i> of thy brother's
throne.</blockquote> <i>Granville.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A convoy or guard to protect a traveler or
property.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A pass; a passport; a safe-conduct.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Safe"guard`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To guard; to
protect.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Safe"-keep"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Safe</i> +
<i>keep</i>.] <def>The act of keeping or preserving in safety from
injury or from escape; care; custody.</def></p>

<p><hw>Safe"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a safe manner;
danger, injury, loss, or evil consequences.</def></p>

<p><hw>Safe"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being safe; freedom from hazard, danger, harm, or loss; safety;
security; as the <i>safeness</i> of an experiment, of a journey, or of
a possession.</def></p>

<p><hw>Safe"-pledge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>A surety for the appearance of a person at a given time.</def>
<i>Bracton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Safe"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sauvet&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The condition or state
of being safe; freedom from danger or hazard; exemption from hurt,
injury, or loss.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Up led by thee,<BR>
Into the heaven I have presumed,<BR>
An earthly guest . . . With like <i>safety</i> guided down,<BR>
Return me to my native element.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Freedom from whatever exposes one to danger
or from liability to cause danger or harm; safeness; hence, the
quality of making safe or secure, or of giving confidence, justifying
trust, insuring against harm or loss, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Would there were any <i>safety</i> in thy sex,<BR>
That I might put a thousand sorrows off,<BR>
And credit thy repentance!</blockquote> <i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Preservation from escape; close
custody.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Imprison him, . . . <BR>
Deliver him to <i>safety</i>; and return.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Football)</i> <def>Same as <i>Safety
touchdown</i>, below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Safety arch</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a discharging
arch.</cd> See under <u>Discharge</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> --
<col><b>Safety belt</b></col>, <cd>a belt made of some buoyant
material, or which is capable of being inflated, so as to enable a
person to float in water; a life preserver.</cd> -- <col><b>Safety
buoy</b></col>, <cd>a buoy to enable a person to float in water; a
safety belt.</cd> -- <col><b>Safety cage</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>,
<cd>a cage for an elevator or mine lift, having appliances to prevent
it from dropping if the lifting rope should break.</cd> --
<col><b>Safety lamp</b></col>. <i>(Mining)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Lamp</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Safety match</b></col>, <cd>a match which
can be ignited only on a surface specially prepared for the
purpose.</cd> -- <col><b>Safety pin</b></col>, <cd>a pin made in the
form of a clasp, with a guard covering its point so that it will not
prick the wearer.</cd> -- <col><b>Safety plug</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Fusible plug</i>, under <u>Fusible</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Safety
switch</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Switch</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Safety
touchdown</b></col> <i>(Football)</i>, <cd>the act or result of a
player's touching to the ground behind his own goal line a ball which
received its last impulse from a man on his own side; -- distinguished
from <i>touchback</i>. See <u>Touchdown</u>.</cd>  -- <col><b>Safety
tube</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a tube to prevent explosion, or to
control delivery of gases by an automatic valvular connection with the
outer air; especially, a bent funnel tube with bulbs for adding those
reagents which produce unpleasant fumes or violent effervescence.</cd>
-- <col><b>Safety valve</b></col>, <cd>a valve which is held shut by a
spring or weight and opens automatically to permit the escape of
steam, or confined gas, water, etc., from a boiler, or other vessel,
when the pressure becomes too great for safety; also, sometimes, a
similar valve opening inward to admit air to a vessel in which the
pressure is less than that of the atmosphere, to prevent
collapse.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Saf"flow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
safflower.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Saf"flow`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>safleur</i>,
<i>saflor</i>, for <i>safran</i>, influenced by <i>fleur</i> flower.
See <u>Saffron</u>, and <u>Flower</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An annual composite plant (<i>Carthamus
tinctorius</i>), the flowers of which are used as a dyestuff and in
making rouge; bastard, or false, saffron.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The dried flowers of the <i>Carthamus
tinctorius</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A dyestuff from these flowers. See
<u>Safranin</u> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Oil of safflower</b></col>, <cd>a purgative oil expressed
from the seeds of the safflower.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Saf"fron</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>saffran</i>, F. <i>safran</i>; cf. It. <i>zafferano</i>, Sp.
<i>azafran</i>, Pg. <i>a&ccedil;afr&atilde;o</i>; all fr. Ar. & Per.
<i>za' far&amacr;n</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
bulbous iridaceous plant (<i>Crocus sativus</i>) having blue flowers
with large yellow stigmas. See <u>Crocus</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The aromatic, pungent, dried stigmas,
usually with part of the stile, of the <i>Crocus sativus</i>. Saffron
is used in cookery, and in coloring confectionery, liquors, varnishes,
etc., and was formerly much used in medicine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An orange or deep yellow color, like that
of the stigmas of the <i>Crocus sativus</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bastard saffron</b></col>, <col><b>Dyer's
saffron</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Safflower</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Meadow saffron</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a bulbous plant
(<i>Colchichum autumnale</i>) of Europe, resembling saffron.</cd> --
<col><b>Saffron wood</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the yellowish wood
of a South African tree (<i>El&aelig;odendron croceum</i>); also, the
tree itself.</cd> -- <col><b>Saffron yellow</b></col>, <cd>a shade of
yellow like that obtained from the stigmas of the true saffron
(<i>Crocus sativus</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Saf"fron</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
color of the stigmas of saffron flowers; deep orange-yellow; as, a
<i>saffron</i> face; a <i>saffron</i> streamer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saf"fron</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give color and
flavor to, as by means of saffron; to spice.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And in Latyn I speak a wordes few,<BR>
To <i>saffron</i> with my predication.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saf"fron*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a color
somewhat like saffron; yellowish.</def> <i>Lord (1630).</i></p>

<p><hw>Saf"ra*nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An orange-red dyestuff extracted from the
saffron.</def> [R.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A red dyestuff extracted
from the safflower, and formerly used in dyeing wool, silk, and cotton
pink and scarlet; -- called also <i>Spanish red</i>, <i>China
lake</i>, and <i>carthamin</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An
orange-red dyestuff prepared from certain nitro compounds of creosol,
and used as a substitute for the safflower dye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saf"ra*nine</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called
because used as a substitute for safranin.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
orange-red nitrogenous dyestuff produced artificially by oxidizing
certain aniline derivatives, and used in dyeing silk and wool; also,
any one of the series of which safranine proper is the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sag</hw> (s&abreve;g), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sagged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sagging</u> (?).] [Akin to Sw. <i>sacka</i> to settle, sink down,
LG. <i>sacken</i>, D. <i>zakken</i>. Cf. <u>Sink</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sink, in the middle, by its
weight or under applied pressure, below a horizontal line or plane;
as, a line or cable supported by its ends <i>sags</i>, though tightly
drawn; the floor of a room <i>sags</i>; hence, to lean, give way, or
settle from a vertical position; as, a building may <i>sag</i> one way
or another; a door <i>sags</i> on its hinges.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To lose firmness or elasticity; to
sink; to droop; to flag; to bend; to yield, as the mind or spirits,
under the pressure of care, trouble, doubt, or the like; to be
unsettled or unbalanced.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The mind I sway by, and the heart I bear,<BR>
Shall never <i>sag</i> with doubt nor shake with fear.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To loiter in walking; to idle along; to
drag or droop heavily.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To sag to leeward</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to make
much leeway by reason of the wind, sea, or current; to drift to
leeward; -- said of a vessel.</cd> <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sag</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to bend or give
way; to load.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sag</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of sinking or
bending; sagging.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"ga</hw> (s&amacr;"g&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sagas</b></plw> (-g&adot;z). [Icel., akin to E. <i>saw</i> a
saying. See <u>Say</u>, and cf. <u>Saw</u>.] <def>A Scandinavian
legend, or heroic or mythic tradition, among the Norsemen and kindred
people; a northern European popular historical or religious tale of
olden time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And then the blue-eyed Norseman told<BR>
A <i>saga</i> of the days of old.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*ga"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sagax</i>,
<i>sagacis</i>, akin to <i>sagire</i> to perceive quickly or keenly,
and probably to E. <i>seek</i>. See <u>Seek</u>, and cf.
<u>Presage</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of quick sense perceptions;
keen-scented; skilled in following a trail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sagacious</i> of his quarry from so
far.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, of quick intellectual perceptions;
of keen penetration and judgment; discerning and judicious; knowing;
far-sighted; shrewd; sage; wise; as, a <i>sagacious</i> man; a
<i>sagacious</i> remark.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Instinct . . . makes them, many times, <i>sagacious</i>
above our apprehension.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Only <i>sagacious</i> heads light on these
observations, and reduce them into general propositions.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Shrewd</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Sa*ga"cious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sa*ga"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sa*gac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sagacitas</i>. See <u>Sagacious</u>.] <def>The quality of being
sagacious; quickness or acuteness of sense perceptions; keenness of
discernment or penetration with soundness of judgment;
shrewdness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some [brutes] show that nice <i>sagacity</i> of
smell.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Natural <i>sagacity</i> improved by generous
education.</blockquote> <i>V. Knox.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Penetration; shrewdness; judiciousness. --
<u>Sagacity</u>, <u>Penetration</u>. <i>Penetration</i> enables us to
enter into the depths of an abstruse subject, to detect motives,
plans, etc. <i>Sagacity</i> adds to penetration a keen, practical
judgment, which enables one to guard against the designs of others,
and to turn everything to the best possible advantage.</p>

<p><hw>Sag"a*more</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
[Cf. <u>Sachem</u>.] <def>The head of a tribe among the American
Indians; a chief; -- generally used as synonymous with <i>sachem</i>,
but some writters distinguished between them, making the <i>sachem</i>
a chief of the first rank, and a <i>sagamore</i> one of the second
rank.</def> "Be it <i>sagamore</i>, sachem, or powwow."
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A juice used in medicine.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sag"a*pen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sagapenum.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sag`a*pe"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sagapenon</i>, <i>sacopenium</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>sagapin</i>,
gomme <i>sagapin</i>, sagap&eacute;num, Ar. <i>sikb&imacr;naj</i>,
Per. <i>sakb&imacr;nah</i>, <i>sikb&imacr;nah</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A fetid gum resin obtained from a species of <i>Ferula</i>. It
has been used in hysteria, etc., but is now seldom met with.</def>
<i>U. S. Disp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sag"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sagatis</i>:
cf. Sp. <i>sagat&iacute;</i>, <i>saet&iacute;</i>.] <def>A mixed woven
fabric of silk and cotton, or silk and wool; sayette; also, a light
woolen fabric.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sauge</i>, F.
<i>sauge</i>, L. <i>salvia</i>, from <i>salvus</i> saved, in allusion
to its reputed healing virtues. See <u>Safe</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A suffruticose labiate plant (<i>Salvia
officinalis</i>) with grayish green foliage, much used in flavoring
meats, etc. The name is often extended to the whole genus, of which
many species are cultivated for ornament, as the scarlet sage, and
Mexican red and blue sage.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
sagebrush.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Meadow sage</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a blue-flowered
species of Salvia (<i>S. pratensis</i>) growing in meadows in
Europe.</cd> -- <col><b>Sage cheese</b></col>, <cd>cheese flavored
with sage, and colored green by the juice of leaves of spinach and
other plants which are added to the milk.</cd> -- <col><b>Sage
cock</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the male of the sage grouse;
in a more general sense, the specific name of the sage grouse.</cd> --
<col><b>Sage green</b></col>, <cd>of a dull grayish green color, like
the leaves of garden sage.</cd> -- <col><b>Sage grouse</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a very large American grouse (<i>Centrocercus
urophasianus</i>), native of the dry sagebrush plains of Western North
America. Called also <i>cock of the plains</i>. The male is called
<i>sage cock</i>, and the female <i>sage hen</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sage
hare</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Sage rabbit</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a species of hare (<i>Lepus Nuttalli, or
artemisia</i>) which inhabits the arid regions of Western North
America and lives among sagebrush. By recent writers it is considered
to be merely a variety of the common cottontail, or wood rabbit.</cd>
-- <col><b>Sage hen</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the female of
the sage grouse.</cd> -- <col><b>Sage sparrow</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small sparrow (<i>Amphispiza Belli</i>,
var. <i>Nevadensis</i>) which inhabits the dry plains of the Rocky
Mountain region, living among sagebrush.</cd> -- <col><b>Sage
thrasher</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a singing bird
(<i>Oroscoptes montanus</i>) which inhabits the sagebrush plains of
Western North America.</cd> -- <col><b>Sage willow</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species of willow (<i>Salix tristis</i>) forming
a low bush with nearly sessile grayish green leaves.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sage</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Sager</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sagest</u>.] [F., fr.
L. <i>sapius</i> (only in <i>nesapius</i> unwise, foolish), fr.
<i>sapere</i> to be wise; perhaps akin to E. <i>sap</i>. Cf.
<u>Savor</u>, <u>Sapient</u>, <u>Insipid</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having nice discernment and powers of judging; prudent; grave;
sagacious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All you <i>sage</i> counselors, hence!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding from wisdom; well judged;
shrewd; well adapted to the purpose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Commanders, who, cloaking their fear under show of
<i>sage</i> advice, counseled the general to retreat.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Grave; serious; solemn.</def> [R.] "[Great
bards] in <i>sage</i> and solemn tunes have sung." <i>Milton.</i> </p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Wise; sagacious; sapient; grave; prudent;
judicious.</p>

<p><hw>Sage</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wise man; a man of
gravity and wisdom; especially, a man venerable for years, and of
sound judgment and prudence; a grave philosopher.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At his birth a star,<BR>
Unseen before in heaven, proclaims him come,<BR>
And guides the Eastern <i>sages</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sage"brush`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A low irregular
shrub (<i>Artemisia tridentata</i>), of the order
<i>Composit&aelig;</i>, covering vast tracts of the dry alkaline
regions of the American plains; -- called also <i>sagebush</i>, and
<i>wild sage</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sage"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sage manner;
wisely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*gene"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ. <i>sajene</i>.]
<def>A Russian measure of length equal to about seven English
feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sage"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sage; wisdom; sagacity; prudence; gravity.</def>
<i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sag"e*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sag&eacute;nite</i>, fr. L. <i>sagena</i> a large net. See
<u>Seine</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Acicular rutile occurring in
reticulated forms imbedded in quartz.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sag`e*nit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Resembling sagenite; -- applied to quartz when containing
acicular crystals of other minerals, most commonly rutile, also
tourmaline, actinolite, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sag"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Seggar</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pot or case of fire clay, in which fine
stoneware is inclosed while baking in the kiln; a seggar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The clay of which such pots or cases are
made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sag"ging</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bending or
sinking between the ends of a thing, in consequence of its own, or an
imposed, weight; an arching downward in the middle, as of a ship after
straining. Cf. <u>Hogging</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sag"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>saginatus</i>, p. p. of <i>saginare</i> to fat, fr. <i>sagina</i>
stuffing.] <def>To make fat; to pamper.</def> [R.] "Many a
<i>saginated</i> boar." <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sag`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>saginatio</i>.] <def>The act of fattening or pampering.</def> [R.]
<i>Topsell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sa*git"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., an arrow.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A small constellation north
of Aquila; the Arrow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The keystone of an
arch.</def> [R.] <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The distance from a point in
a curve to the chord; also, the versed sine of an arc; -- so called
from its resemblance to an arrow resting on the bow and string.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The larger of the two
otoliths, or ear bones, found in most fishes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of transparent,
free-swimming marine worms having lateral and caudal fins, and capable
of swimming rapidly. It is the type of the class
Ch&aelig;tognatha.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1268 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Sag"it*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sagitta</i> an
arrow: cf. F. <i>sagittal</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to an arrow; resembling an arrow; furnished with an
arrowlike appendage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Of or
pertaining to the sagittal suture; in the region of the sagittal
suture; rabdoidal; as, the <i>sagittal</i> furrow, or groove, on the
inner surface of the roof of the skull.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>In the mesial plane; mesial; as, a <i>sagittal</i> section of an
animal.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sagittal suture</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the suture
between the two parietal bones in the top of the skull; -- called also
<i>rabdoidal suture</i>, and <i>interparietal suture</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Sag`it*ta"ri*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.,
literally, an archer, fr. <i>sagittarius</i> belonging to an arrow,
fr. <i>sagitta</i> an arrow.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The ninth of the twelve signs of the zodiac, which the sun enters
about November 22, marked thus [&sagittarius;] in almanacs; the
Archer.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A zodiacal constellation,
represented on maps and globes as a centaur shooting an
arrow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sag"it*ta"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sagittarius</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Myth.)</i> <def>A centaur;
a fabulous being, half man, half horse, armed with a bow and
quiver.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The Arsenal in Venice; -- so called from
having a figure of an archer over the door.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sag"it*ta*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sagittarius</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or resembling, an
arrow.</def> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sag"it*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>sagittatus</i>, fr. L. <i>sagitta</i> an arrow.] <def>Shaped like
an arrowhead; triangular, with the two basal angles prolonged
downward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sag"it*ta`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sagittal;
sagittate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sag"it*to*cyst</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sagitta</u>, and <u>Cyst</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A defensive
cell containing a minute rodlike structure which may be expelled. Such
cells are found in certain Turbellaria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"go</hw> (s&amacr;"g&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malay.
<i>s&amacr;gu</i>.] <def>A dry granulated starch imported from the
East Indies, much used for making puddings and as an article of diet
for the sick; also, as starch, for stiffening textile fabrics. It is
prepared from the stems of several East Indian and Malayan palm trees,
but chiefly from the <i>Metroxylon Sagu</i>; also from several
cycadaceous plants (<i>Cycas revoluta</i>, <i>Zamia integrifolia</i>,
etc.).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Portland sago</b></col>, <cd>a kind of sago prepared from
the corms of the cuckoopint (<i>Arum maculatum</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Sago palm</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
palm tree which yields sago</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A species of
Cycas (<i>Cycas revoluta</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Sago spleen</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a morbid condition of the spleen, produced by
amyloid degeneration of the organ, in which a cross section shows
scattered gray translucent bodies looking like grains of
sago.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sa*goin"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sagouin</i>(formed from the native South American name).]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A marmoset; -- called also
<i>sagouin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa"gum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Saga</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>sagum</i>, <i>sagus</i>; cf. Gr.
&?;. Cf. <u>Say</u> a kind of serge.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>The
military cloak of the Roman soldiers.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa"gus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Sago</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of palms from which sago is
obtained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of sage;
seasoned with sage.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa"hib</hw> (?), <hw>||Sa"heb</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>&ccedil;&amacr;hib</i> master, lord, fem.
<i>&ccedil;&amacr;hibah</i>.] <def>A respectful title or appellation
given to Europeans of rank.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>||Sa"hi*bah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sahib</u>.]
<def>A lady; mistress.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>Sa*hid"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Thebaic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sah"lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See
<u>Salite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa*hui"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A marmoset.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa"i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Pg. <i>sahi</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Capuchin</u>, 3
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sai"bling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dial. G.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European mountain trout (<i>Salvelinus
alpinus</i>); -- called also <i>Bavarian charr</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sa&iuml;que</i>,
Turk. <i>sha&iuml;ka</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A kind of ketch very
common in the Levant, which has neither topgallant sail nor mizzen
topsail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Said</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Say</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Said</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Before-mentioned; already
spoken of or specified; aforesaid; -- used chiefly in legal
style.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sai"ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ. <i>saika</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An antelope (<i>Saiga Tartarica</i>) native
of the plains of Siberia and Eastern Russia. The male has erect
annulated horns, and tufts of long hair beneath the eyes and
ears.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sai"kyr</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Saker</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sail</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>seil</i>, AS.
<i>segel</i>, <i>segl</i>; akin to D. <i>zeil</i>, OHG. <i>segal</i>,
G. & Sw. <i>segel</i>, Icel. <i>segl</i>, Dan. <i>seil</i>. &radic;
153.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An extent of canvas or other fabric by
means of which the wind is made serviceable as a power for propelling
vessels through the water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Behoves him now both <i>sail</i> and oar.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything resembling a sail, or regarded as
a sail.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A wing; a van.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Like an eagle soaring<BR>
To weather his broad <i>sails</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The extended surface of the arm of a
windmill.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A sailing vessel; a vessel of any kind; a
craft.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense, the plural has usually the same form as the
singular; as, twenty <i>sail</i> were in sight.</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A passage by a sailing vessel; a journey or
excursion upon the water.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Sails are of two general kinds, <i>fore-and-aft sails</i>,
and <i>square sails</i>. Square sails are always bent to yards, with
their foot lying across the line of the vessel. Fore-and-aft sails are
set upon stays or gaffs with their foot in line with the keel. A fore-
and-aft sail is triangular, or quadrilateral with the after leech
longer than the fore leech. Square sails are quadrilateral, but not
necessarily square. See Phrases under <u>Fore</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and <u>Square</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>; also,
<u>Bark</u>, <u>Brig</u>, <u>Schooner</u>, <u>Ship</u>,
<u>Stay</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Sail burton</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a purchase for
hoisting sails aloft for bending.</cd> -- <col><b>Sail fluke</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the whiff.</cd> -- <col><b>Sail
hook</b></col>, <cd>a small hook used in making sails, to hold the
seams square.</cd> -- <col><b>Sail loft</b></col>, <cd>a loft or room
where sails are cut out and made.</cd> -- <col><b>Sail room</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a room in a vessel where sails are stowed when not
in use.</cd> -- <col><b>Sail yard</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the
yard or spar on which a sail is extended.</cd> -- <col><b>Shoulder-of-
mutton sail</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a triangular sail of
peculiar form. It is chiefly used to set on a boat's mast.</cd> --
<col><b>To crowd sail</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Crowd</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To loose sails</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>to unfurl or spread sails.</cd> -- <col><b>To make sail</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to extend an additional quantity of sail.</cd> --
<col><b>To set a sail</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to extend or
spread a sail to the wind.</cd> -- <col><b>To set sail</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to unfurl or spread the sails; hence, to begin a
voyage.</cd> -- <col><b>To shorten sail</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>to reduce the extent of sail, or take in a part.</cd> --
<col><b>To strike sail</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to lower the
sails suddenly, as in saluting, or in sudden gusts of wind; hence, to
acknowledge inferiority; to abate pretension.</cd> -- <col><b>Under
sail</b></col>, <cd>having the sails spread.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sail</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sailed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sailing</u>.] [AS. <i>segelian</i>, <i>seglian</i>. See
<u>Sail</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be
impelled or driven forward by the action of wind upon sails, as a ship
on water; to be impelled on a body of water by the action of steam or
other power.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move through or on the water; to swim,
as a fish or a water fowl.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be conveyed in a vessel on water; to
pass by water; as, they <i>sailed</i> from London to Canton.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To set sail; to begin a voyage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To move smoothly through the air; to glide
through the air without apparent exertion, as a bird.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As is a winged messenger of heaven, . . .<BR>
When he bestrides the lazy pacing clouds,<BR>
And <i>sails</i> upon the bosom of the air.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sail</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
pass or move upon, as in a ship, by means of sails; hence, to move or
journey upon (the water) by means of steam or other force.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A thousand ships were manned to <i>sail</i> the
sea.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fly through; to glide or move smoothly
through.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sublime she <i>sails</i><BR>
The a&euml;rial space, and mounts the wing&egrave;d
gales.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To direct or manage the motion of, as a
vessel; as, to <i>sail</i> one's own ship.</def> <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sail"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
sailed over; navigable; as, a <i>sailable</i> river.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sail"boat`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A boat propelled by
a sail or sails.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sail"cloth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Duck or canvas
used in making sails.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sail"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A sailor.</def> [R.] <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A ship or other vessel; -- with qualifying
words descriptive of speed or manner of sailing; as, a heavy
<i>sailer</i>; a fast <i>sailer</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sail"fish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The banner fish, or spikefish
(<i>Histiophorus</i>.)</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The basking, or
liver, shark.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The quillback.</def> </p>

<p><hw>Sail"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who, or that which, sails; the motion of a vessel
on water, impelled by wind or steam; the act of starting on a
voyage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The art of managing a
vessel; seamanship; navigation; as, globular <i>sailing</i>; oblique
<i>sailing</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; For the several methods of sailing, see under
<u>Circular</u>, <u>Globular</u>, <u>Oblique</u>, <u>Parallel</u>,
etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Sailing master</b></col> <i>(U. S. Navy)</i>, <cd>formerly,
a warrant officer, ranking next below a lieutenant, whose duties were
to navigate the vessel; and under the direction of the executive
officer, to attend to the stowage of the hold, to the cables, rigging,
etc. The grade was merged in that of <i>master</i> in 1862.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sail"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
sails.</def> <i>Pollok.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sail"mak`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose
occupation is to make or repair sails.</def> -- <wf>Sail"mak`ing</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sail"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who follows the
business of navigating ships or other vessels; one who understands the
practical management of ships; one of the crew of a vessel; a mariner;
a common seaman.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Mariner; seaman; seafarer.</p>

<p><col><b>Sailor's choice</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An excellent marine food fish (<i>Diplodus, or
Lagodon, rhomboides</i>) of the Southern United States; -- called also
<i>porgy</i>, <i>squirrel fish</i>, <i>yellowtail</i>, and <i>salt-
water bream</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A species of grunt
(<i>Orthopristis, or Pomadasys, chrysopterus</i>), an excellent food
fish common on the southern coasts of the United States; -- called
also <i>hogfish</i>, and <i>pigfish</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sail"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a sail.</def>
[R.] <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saim</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>sain</i>, LL.
<i>saginum</i>, fr. L. <i>sagina</i> a fattening.] <def>Lard;
grease.</def> [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sai*mir"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The squirrel monkey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sain</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Say</u>, for
<i>sayen</i>. <def>Said.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sain</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <i>Saint</i>,
<i>Sane</i>.] <def>To sanctify; to bless so as to protect from evil
influence.</def> [R.] <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sain"foin</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>sain</i> wholesome (L. <i>sanus</i>; see <u>Sane</u>.) +
<i>foin</i> hay (L. <i>f&aelig;num</i>); or perh. fr. <i>saint</i>
sacred (L. <i>sanctus</i>; see <u>Saint</u>) + <i>foin</i> hay.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A leguminous plant
(<i>Onobrychis sativa</i>) cultivated for fodder.</def> [Written also
<i>saintfoin</i>.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A kind of tick trefoil
(<i>Desmodium Canadense</i>).</def> [Canada]</p>

<p><hw>Saint</hw> (s&amacr;nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>sanctus</i> sacred, properly p. p. of <i>sancire</i> to render
sacred by a religious act, to appoint as sacred; akin to <i>sacer</i>
sacred. Cf. <u>Sacred</u>, <u>Sanctity</u>, <u>Sanctum</u>,
<u>Sanctus</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A person sanctified; a holy
or godly person; one eminent for piety and virtue; any true Christian,
as being redeemed and consecrated to God.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Them that are sanctified in Christ Jesus, called to be
<i>saints</i>.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. i. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the blessed in heaven.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then shall thy <i>saints</i>, unmixed, and from the
impure<BR>
Far separate, circling thy holy mount,<BR>
Unfeigned hallelujahs to thee sing.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>One canonized by the
church.</def> [Abbrev. St.]</p>

<p><col><b>Saint Andrew's cross</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
cross shaped like the letter X. See <i>Illust.</i> 4, under
<u>Cross</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>A low North
American shrub (<i>Ascyrum Crux-Andre&aelig;</i>, the petals of which
have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross.</cd> <i>Gray.</i> --
<col><b>Saint Anthony's cross</b></col>, <cd>a
<universbold>T</universbold>-shaped cross. See <i>Illust.</i> 6, under
<u>Cross</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint Anthony's fire</b></col>, <cd>the
erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have
been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint
Anthony's nut</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the groundnut (<i>Bunium
flexuosum</i>); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony
was once a swineherd.</cd> <i>Dr. Prior.</i> -- <col><b>Saint
Anthony's turnip</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the bulbous crowfoot, a
favorite food of swine.</cd> <i>Dr. Prior.</i> -- <col><b>Saint
Barnaby's thistle</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of knapweed
(<i>Centaurea solstitialis</i>) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June
11th.</cd> <i>Dr. Prior.</i> -- <col><b>Saint Bernard</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated
for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St.
Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There
are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Dog</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint Catharine's
flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the plant love-in-a-mist. See
under <u>Love</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint Cuthbert's beads</b></col>
<i>(Paleon.)</i>, <cd>the fossil joints of crinoid stems.</cd> --
<col><b>Saint Dabeoc's heath</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
heatherlike plant (<i>Dab&oelig;cia polifolia</i>), named from an
Irish saint.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint Distaff's Day</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Distaff</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint Elmo's fire</b></col>,
<cd>a luminous, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark,
tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at
the masthead and the yardarms. It has also been observed on land, and
is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed
objects. A single flame is called a <i>Helena</i>, or a
<i>Corposant</i>; a double, or twin, flame is called a <i>Castor and
Pollux</i>, or a <i>double Corposant</i>. It takes its name from St.
Elmo, the patron saint of sailors.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint George's
cross</b></col> <i>(Her.)</i>, <cd>a Greek cross gules upon a field
argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the
ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint
George's ensign</b></col>, <cd>a red cross on a white field with a
union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing
badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also <i>the
white ensign</i>.</cd> <i>Brande & C.</i> -- <col><b>Saint George's
flag</b></col>, <cd>a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without
the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral.</cd> [Eng.] <i>Brande & C.</i> -- <col><b>Saint Gobain
glass</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a fine variety of soda-lime plate
glass, so called from St. Gobain in France, where it was
manufactured.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint Ignatius's bean</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the seed of a tree of the Philippines (<i>Strychnos
Ignatia</i>), of properties similar to the nux vomica.</cd> --
<col><b>Saint James's shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
pecten (<i>Vola Jacob&aelig;us</i>) worn by pilgrims to the Holy Land.
See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Scallop</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint
James's-wort</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of ragwort
(<i>Senecio Jacob&aelig;a</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Saint John's
bread</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Carob</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Saint John's-wort</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any plant of
the genus <i>Hypericum</i>, most species of which have yellow flowers;
-- called also <i>John's-wort</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint
Leger</b></col>, <cd>the name of a race for three-year-old horses run
annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by
Col. St. Leger.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint Martin's herb</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a small tropical American violaceous plant
(<i>Sauvagesia erecta</i>). It is very mucilaginous and is used in
medicine.</cd> <! p. 1269 pr=PCP !> -- <col><b>Saint Martin's
summer</b></col>, <cd>a season of mild, damp weather frequently
prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean
countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occurring on
November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America.</cd>
<i>Shak.</i> <i>Whittier.</i> -- <col><b>Saint Patrick's
cross</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Illust.</i> 4, under <u>Cross</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Saint Patrick's Day</b></col>, <cd>the 17th of March,
anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and
patron saint of Ireland.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint Peter's fish</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <i>John Dory</i>, under <u>John</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Saint Peter's-wort</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name of
several plants, as <i>Hypericum Ascyron</i>, <i>H. quadrangulum</i>,
<i>Ascyrum stans</i>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint Peter's
wreath</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a shrubby kind of Spir&aelig;a
(<i>S. hypericifolia</i>), having long slender branches covered with
clusters of small white blossoms in spring.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint's
bell</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Sanctus bell</i>, under
<u>Sanctus</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint Vitus's dance</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Saint</hw> (s&amacr;nt), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sainted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sainting</u>.] <def>To make a saint of; to enroll among the saints
by an offical act, as of the pope; to canonize; to give the title or
reputation of a saint to (some one).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A large hospital, erected by a shoemaker who has been
beatified, though never <i>sainted</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To saint it</b></col>, <cd>to act as a saint, or with a
show of piety.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether the charmer sinner it or <i>saint
it</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saint</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act or live as a
saint.</def> [R.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saint"dom</hw> (-d&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or character of a saint.</def> [R.] <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saint"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Consecrated; sacred; holy; pious.</def> "A most <i>sainted</i>
king." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Amongst the enthroned gods on <i>sainted</i>
seats.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Entered into heaven; -- a euphemism for
<i>dead</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saint"ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female saint.</def>
[R.] <i>Bp. Fisher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saint"hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being a saint; the condition of a saint.</def>
<i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The order, or united body, of saints;
saints, considered collectively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was supposed he felt no call to any expedition that
might endanger the reign of the military
<i>sainthood</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saint"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat saintlike; -
- used ironically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saint"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The character or
quality of saints; also, hypocritical pretense of holiness.</def>
<i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saint"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a
saint; suiting a saint; becoming a saint; saintly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Glossed over only with a <i>saintlike</i>
show.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saint"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being saintly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saint"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Saintlier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Saintliest</u>.]
<def>Like a saint; becoming a holy person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So dear to Heaven is <i>saintly</i>
chastity.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saint*ol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Saint</i> +
<i>-logy</i> + <i>-ist</i>.] <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>One who writes the
lives of saints.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Saint"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The character or
qualities of a saint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saint`-Si*mo"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
follower of the Count de <i>St. Simon</i>, who died in 1825, and who
maintained that the principle of property held in common, and the just
division of the fruits of common labor among the members of society,
are the true remedy for the social evils which exist.</def> <i>Brande
& C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saint`-Si*mo"ni*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
principles, doctrines, or practice of the Saint-Simonians; -- called
also <i>Saint- Simonism</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saith</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>3d pers. sing. pres.</i></pos> of
<u>Say</u>.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Saithe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael. <i>saoidheam</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The pollock, or coalfish; -- called also
<i>sillock</i>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Sai"va</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>&ccedil;aiva</i> devoted to <i>Siva</i>.] <def>One of an important
religious sect in India which regards Siva with peculiar
veneration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sai"vism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The worship of
Siva.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*jene"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Sagene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"jou</hw> (?; F. &?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Sapajou</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sake</hw> (s&amacr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sake</i>
cause, also, lawsuit, fault, AS. <i>sacu</i> strife, a cause or suit
at law; akin to D. <i>zaak</i> cause, thing, affair, G. <i>sache</i>
thing, cause in law, OHG. <i>sahha</i>, Icel. <i>s&ouml;k</i>, Sw.
<i>sak</i>, Dan. <i>sag</i>, Goth. <i>sakj&omacr;</i> strife, AS.
<i>sacan</i> to contend, strive, Goth. <i>sakam</i>, Icel. <i>saka</i>
to contend, strive, blame, OHG. <i>sahhan</i>, MHG. <i>sachen</i>, to
contend, strive, defend one's right, accuse, charge in a lawsuit, and
also to E. <i>seek</i>. Cf. <u>Seek</u>.] <def>Final cause; end;
purpose of obtaining; cause; motive; reason; interest; concern;
account; regard or respect; -- used chiefly in such phrases as, <i>for
the sake of</i>, <i>for his sake</i>, <i>for man's sake</i>, <i>for
mercy's sake</i>, and the like; as, to commit crime for the
<i>sake</i> of gain; to go abroad for the <i>sake</i> of one's
health.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Moved with wrath and shame and ladies'
<i>sake</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will not again curse the ground any more for man's
<i>sake</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gen. viii. 21.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Will he draw out,<BR>
For anger's <i>sake</i>, finite to infinite?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Knowledge is for the <i>sake</i> of man, and not man
for the <i>sake</i> of knowledge.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>-s</i> of the possessive case preceding <i>sake</i>
is sometimes omitted for euphony; as, for goodness <i>sake</i>.
"<i>For conscience sake</i>." <i>1 Cor. x. 28.</i> The plural
<i>sakes</i> is often used with a possessive plural. "For both our
<i>sakes</i>." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"ker</hw> (s&amacr;"k&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sacre</i> (cf. It. <i>sagro</i>, Sp. & Pg. <i>sacre</i>), either
fr. L. <i>sacer</i> sacred, holy, as a translation of Gr.
<grk>"ie`rax</grk> falcon, from <grk>"iero`s</grk> holy, or more
probably from Ar. <i>&ccedil;aqr</i> hawk.] [Written also
<i>sacar</i>, <i>sacre</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A falcon (<i>Falco sacer</i>) native of
Southern Europe and Asia, closely resembling the lanner.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The female is called <i>chargh</i>, and the male
<i>charghela</i>, or <i>sakeret</i>.</p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The peregrine falcon.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A small piece of
artillery.</def> <i>Wilhelm.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On the bastions were planted culverins and
<i>sakers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The culverins and <i>sakers</i> showing their deadly
muzzles over the rampart.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"ker*et</hw> (s&amacr;"k&etilde;r*&ebreve;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sacret</i>. See <u>Saker</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The male of the saker
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"ki</hw> (s&amacr;"k&ibreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. &
Pg. <i>saki</i>; probably from the native name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of South American monkeys of the genus
<i>Pithecia</i>. They have large ears, and a long hairy tail which is
not prehensile.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The black saki (<i>Pithecia satanas</i>), the white-headed
(<i>P. leucocephala</i>), and the red-backed, or hand-drinking, saki
(<i>P. chiropotes</i>), are among the best-known.</p>

<p><hw>Sa"ki</hw> (s&auml;"k&esl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
alcoholic drink of Japan. It is made from rice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sak"ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.] <i>(Hind.
Myth.)</i> <def>The divine energy, personified as the wife of a deity
(Brahma, Vishnu, Siva, etc.); the female principle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sal</hw> (s&add;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>s&amacr;l</i>, Skr. <i>&ccedil;&amacr;la</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An East Indian timber tree (<i>Shorea robusta</i>), much used for
building purposes. It is of a light brown color, close-grained, heavy,
and durable.</def> [Written also <i>saul</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sal</hw> (s&abreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Salt</u>.] <i>(Chem. & Pharm.)</i> <def>Salt.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sal absinthii</b></col> [NL.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>an
impure potassium carbonate obtained from the ashes of wormwood
(<i>Artemisia Absinthium</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Sal
acetosell&aelig;</b></col> [NL.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>salt of
sorrel.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal alembroth</b></col>. <i>(Old Chem.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Alembroth</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal ammoniac</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>ammonium chloride, NH<sub>4</sub>Cl, a white
crystalline volatile substance having a sharp salty taste, obtained
from gas works, from nitrogenous matter, etc. It is largely employed
as a source of ammonia, as a reagent, and as an expectorant in
bronchitis. So called because originally made from the soot from
camel's dung at the temple of Jupiter <i>Ammon</i> in Africa. Called
also <i>muriate of ammonia</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal
catharticus</b></col> [NL.] <i>(Old Med. Chem.)</i>, <cd>Epsom
salts.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal culinarius</b></col> [L.] <i>(Old
Chem.)</i>, <cd>common salt, or sodium chloride.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal
Cyrenaicus</b></col>. [NL.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <cd>See <i>Sal
ammoniac</i> above.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal de duobus</b></col>,
<col><b>Sal duplicatum</b></col> [NL.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i>,
<cd>potassium sulphate; -- so called because erroneously supposed to
be composed of two salts, one acid and one alkaline.</cd> --
<col><b>Sal diureticus</b></col> [NL.] <i>(Old Med. Chem.)</i>,
<cd>potassium acetate.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal enixum</b></col> [NL.]
<i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>acid potassium sulphate.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal
gemm&aelig;</b></col> [NL.] <i>(Old Min.)</i>, <cd>common salt
occuring native.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal Jovis</b></col> [NL.] <i>(Old
Chem.)</i>, <cd>salt tin, or stannic chloride; -- the alchemical name
of tin being <i>Jove</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal Martis</b></col> [NL.]
<i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>green vitriol, or ferrous sulphate; -- the
alchemical name of iron being <i>Mars</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal
microcosmicum</b></col> [NL.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Microcosmic salt</i>, under <u>Microcosmic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal
plumbi</b></col> [NL.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>sugar of lead.</cd> --
<col><b>Sal prunella</b></col>. <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <cd>See <i>Prunella
salt</i>, under 1st <u>Prunella</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal
Saturni</b></col> [NL.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>sugar of lead, or lead
acetate; -- the alchemical name of lead being <i>Saturn</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sal sedativus</b></col> [NL.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>sedative
salt, or boric acid.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal Seignette</b></col> [F.
<i>seignette</i>, <i>sel de seignette</i>] <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>Rochelle salt.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal soda</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>sodium carbonate. See under <u>Sodium</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal
vitrioli</b></col> [NL.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>white vitriol; zinc
sulphate.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal volatile</b></col>. [NL.]
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See <i>Sal ammoniac</i>,
above.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Spirits of ammonia.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Sa*laam"</hw> (s&adot;*l&auml;m"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Salam</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Finally, Josiah might have made his <i>salaam</i> to
the exciseman just as he was folding up that letter.</blockquote>
<i>Prof. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*laam"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make or perform
a salam.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have <i>salaamed</i> and kowtowed to
him.</blockquote> <i>H. James.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or condition of being salable; salableness.</def> <i>Duke of
Argyll.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Sale</u>.]
<def>Capable of being sold; fit to be sold; finding a ready
market.</def> -- <wf>Sal"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sal"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sa*la"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>salax</i>,
<i>-acis</i>, fond of leaping, lustful, fr. <i>salire</i> to leap. See
<u>Salient</u>.] <def>Having a propensity to venery; lustful;
lecherous.</def> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sa*la"cious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sa*la"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>salacitas</i>: cf. F. <i>salacit&eacute;</i>] <def>Strong
propensity to venery; lust; lecherousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"ad</hw> (s&abreve;l"<i>a</i>d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>salade</i>, OIt. <i>salata</i>, It. <i>insalata</i>, fr.
<i>salare</i> to salt, fr. L. <i>sal</i> salt. See <u>Salt</u>, and
cf. <u>Slaw</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A preparation of vegetables,
as lettuce, celery, water cress, onions, etc., usually dressed with
salt, vinegar, oil, and spice, and eaten for giving a relish to other
food; as, lettuce <i>salad</i>; tomato <i>salad</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Leaves eaten raw are termed <i>salad</i>.</blockquote>
<i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dish composed of chopped meat or fish,
esp. chicken or lobster, mixed with lettuce or other vegetables, and
seasoned with oil, vinegar, mustard, and other condiments; as, chicken
<i>salad</i>; lobster <i>salad</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Salad burnet</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the common burnet
(<i>Poterium Sanguisorba</i>), sometimes eaten as a salad in
Italy.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sal"ade</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A helmet. See
<u>Sallet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"ad*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Vegetables for
salad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal`&aelig;*ra"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Saleratus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"a*gane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the Chinese
name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The esculent swallow. See under
<u>Esculent</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"al-ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably of
American Indian origin.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The edible fruit of the
<i>Gaultheria Shallon</i>, an ericaceous shrub found from California
northwards. The berries are about the size of a common grape and of a
dark purple color.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa*lam</hw> (s&adot;*l&auml;m"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>sal&amacr;m</i> peace, safety.] <def>A salutation or compliment of
ceremony in the east by word or act; an obeisance, performed by bowing
very low and placing the right palm on the forehead.</def> [Written
also <i>salaam</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sal"a*man`der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>salamandre</i>, L. <i>salamandra</i>, Gr. &?;; cf. Per.
<i>samander</i>, <i>samandel</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of Urodela,
belonging to <i>Salamandra</i>, <i>Amblystoma</i>, <i>Plethodon</i>,
and various allied genera, especially those that are more or less
terrestrial in their habits.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The salamanders have, like lizards, an elongated body, four
feet, and a long tail, but are destitute of scales. They are true
Amphibia, related to the frogs. Formerly, it was a superstition that
the salamander could live in fire without harm, and even extinguish it
by the natural coldness of its body.</p>

<p><blockquote>I have maintained that <i>salamander</i> of yours with
fire any time this two and thirty years.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whereas it is commonly said that a <i>salamander</i>
extinguisheth fire, we have found by experience that on hot coals, it
dieth immediately.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The pouched gopher
(<i>Geomys tuza</i>) of the Southern United States.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A culinary utensil of metal with a plate or
disk which is heated, and held over pastry, etc., to brown
it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A large poker.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>Solidified material in a
furnace hearth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Giant salamander</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
under <u>Giant</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Salamander's</b></col>
<col><b>hair or wool</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a species of
asbestus or mineral flax.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sal`a*man*dri"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A suborder of Urodela, comprising
salamanders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal`a*man"drine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or resembling, a salamander; enduring fire.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal`a*man"droid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Salamander</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or
pertaining to the salamanders.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sal`a*man*droi"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Amphibia including the
Salamanders and allied groups; the Urodela.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"am*stone`</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A kind of blue sapphire brought from Ceylon.</def>
<i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lan"ga*na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
salagane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"a*ried</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Receiving a
salary; paid by a salary; having a salary attached; as, a
<i>salaried</i> officer; a <i>salaried</i> office.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>salarius</i>.]
<def>Saline</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sal"a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Salaries</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>salaire</i>, L.
<i>salarium</i>, originally, salt money, the money given to the Roman
soldiers for salt, which was a part of their pay, fr. <i>salarius</i>
belonging to salt, fr. <i>sal</i> salt. See <u>Salt</u>.] <def>The
recompense or consideration paid, or stipulated to be paid, to a
person at regular intervals for services; fixed wages, as by the year,
quarter, or month; stipend; hire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is hire and <i>salary</i>, not
revenge.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Recompense for services paid at, or reckoned by, short
intervals, as a day or week, is usually called <i>wages</i>.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Stipend; pay; wages; hire; allowance.</p>

<p><hw>Sal"a*ry</hw> <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Salaried</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Salarying</u> (?).] <def>To pay, or agree to pay, a salary to; to
attach salary to; as, to <i>salary</i> a clerk; to <i>salary</i> a
position.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 1st
<u>Sallow</u>.</def> [Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sale</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>sala</i>, <i>sal</i>,
akin to E. <i>sell</i>. See <u>Sell</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of selling; the transfer of property,
or a contract to transfer the ownership of property, from one person
to another for a valuable consideration, or for a price in
money.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Opportunity of selling; demand;
market.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They shall have ready <i>sale</i> for
them.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Public disposal to the highest bidder, or
exposure of goods in market; auction.</def> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bill of sale</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bill</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Of sale</b></col>, <col><b>On sale</b></col>, <col><b>For
sale</b></col>, <cd>to be bought or sold; offered to purchasers; in
the market.</cd> -- <col><b>To set to sale</b></col>, <cd>to offer for
sale; to put up for purchase; to make merchandise of.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sale"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <hw>Sale"a*bly</hw>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>, etc. <def>See <u>Salable</u>, <u>Salably</u>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"eb</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See
<u>Salep</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal`e*bros"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Roughness
or ruggedness.</def> [Obs.] <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal"e*brous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>salebrosus</i>, fr. <i>salebra</i> a rugged road, fr. <i>salire</i>
to leap.] <def>Rough; rugged.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sal"ep</hw> (s&abreve;l"&ebreve;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>sahleb</i>, perhaps a corruption of an Arabic word for fox, one Ar.
name of the orchis signifying literally, fox's testicles: cf. F.
<i>salep</i>.] [Written also <i>saleb</i>, <i>salop</i>, and
<i>saloop</i>.] <def>The dried tubers of various species of
<i>Orchis</i>, and <i>Eulophia</i>. It is used to make a nutritious
beverage by treating the powdered preparation with hot water.</def>
<i>U. S. Disp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal`e*ra"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>sal
a&euml;ratus</i>; -- so called because it is a source of fixed air
(carbon dioxide). See <u>Sal</u>, and and <u>A&euml;rated</u>.]
<i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>A&euml;rated salt; a white crystalline
substance having an alkaline taste and reaction, consisting of sodium
bicarbonate (see under <u>Sodium</u>.) It is largely used in cooking,
with sour milk (lactic acid) or cream of tartar as a substitute for
yeast. It is also an ingredient of most baking powders, and is used in
the preparation of effervescing drinks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sales"man</hw> (s&amacr;lz"m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Salesmen</b></plw> (-m<i>e</i>n). [<i>Sale</i> +
<i>man</i>.] <def>One who sells anything; one whose occupation is to
sell goods or merchandise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sales"wom`an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Saleswomen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A woman whose occupation is
to sell goods or merchandise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sale"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Work or things
made for sale; hence, work done carelessly or slightingly.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"lian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Denoting a tribe of
Franks who established themselves early in the fourth century on the
river Sala [now Yssel]; Salic.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
Salian Frank.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"li*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Salient</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"i*aunce</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Sally</u>.]
<def>Salience; onslaught.</def> [Obs.] "So fierce <i>saliaunce</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1270 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Sal"ic</hw> (s&abreve;l"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>salique</i>, fr. the <i>Salian</i> Franks, who, in the fifth
century, formed a body of laws called in Latin <i>leges
Salic&aelig;</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the Salian Franks, or to
the Salic law so called.</def> [Also <i>salique</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Salic law</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A code of laws
formed by the Salian Franks in the fifth century. By one provision of
this code women were excluded from the inheritance of landed
property.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Specifically, in modern times,
a law supposed to be a special application of the above-mentioned
provision, in accordance with which males alone can inherit the
throne. This law has obtained in France, and at times in other
countries of Europe, as Spain.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sal`i*ca"ceous</hw> (s&abreve;l`&ibreve;*k&amacr;"sh&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>salix</i>, <i>-icis</i>, the willow.]
<def>Belonging or relating to the willow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"i*cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>salix</i>, <i>-
icis</i>, a willow: cf. F. <i>salicine</i>. See <u>Sallow</u> the
tree.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A glucoside found in the bark and leaves of
several species of willow (<i>Salix</i>) and poplar, and extracted as
a bitter white crystalline substance.</def> </p>

<p><hw>Sal"i*cyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Salic</i>in + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The hypothetical radical of salicylic
acid and of certain related compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"i*cyl`al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Salicyl</i>ic +
<i>al</i>dehide.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A thin, fragrant, colorless oil,
HO.C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>.CHO, found in the flowers of meadow
sweet (<i>Spir&aelig;a</i>), and also obtained by oxidation of
salicin, saligenin, etc. It reddens on exposure. Called also
<i>salicylol</i>, <i>salicylic aldehyde</i>, and formerly
<i>salicylous, or spiroylous, acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"i*cyl`ate</hw> (-&asl;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of salicylic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal`i*cyl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, derived from, or designating, an acid formerly
obtained by fusing salicin with potassium hydroxide, and now made in
large quantities from phenol (carbolic acid) by the action of carbon
dioxide on heated sodium phenolate. It is a white crystalline
substance. It is used as an antiseptic, and in its salts in the
treatment of rheumatism. Called also <i>hydroxybenzoic</i>
<i>acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"i*cyl`ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Salicyl</i>ic
+ anhydr<i>ide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white crystalline substance
obtained by dehydration of salicylic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"i*cyl`ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A compound of salicylal; -- named after the analogy of a
salt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"i*cyl`ol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Salicyl</i>ic +
L. <i>ol</i>eum oil.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Salicylal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lic"y*lous</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, a substance
formerly called <i>salicylous acid</i>, and now
<i>salicylal</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa"li*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Salient</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or condition of being salient; a
leaping; a springing forward; an assaulting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of projecting, or
being projected; projection; protrusion.</def> <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"li*en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being salient; hence, vigor.</def> "A fatal lack of poetic
<i>saliency</i>." <i>J. Morley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"li*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>saliens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>salire</i> to leap; cf. F.
<i>saillant</i>. See <u>Sally</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> & <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Moving by leaps or springs;
leaping; bounding; jumping.</def> "Frogs and <i>salient</i> animals."
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Shooting out or up; springing;
projecting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had in himself a <i>salient</i>, living spring of
generous and manly action.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, figuratively, forcing itself on the
attention; prominent; conspicuous; noticeable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Grenville] had neither <i>salient</i> traits, nor
general comprehensiveness of mind.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Math. & Fort.)</i> <def>Projecting
outwardly; as, a <i>salient</i> angle; -- opposed to
<i>re&euml;ntering</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Bastion</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Represented in a leaping
position; as, a lion <i>salient</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Salient angle</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Salient</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 4.</cd> -- <col><b>Salient polygon</b></col>
<i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a polygon all of whose angles are salient.</cd> --
<col><b>Salient polyhedron</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a polyhedron
all of whose solid angles are salient.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sa"li*ent</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A
salient angle or part; a projection.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"li*ent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a salient
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sal</i>
salt + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Producing, or impregnated with,
salt.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Saliferous rocks</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>the New Red
Sandstone system of some geologists; -- so called because, in Europe,
this formation contains beds of salt. The saliferous beds of New York
State belong largely to the Salina period of the Upper Silurian. See
the <i>Chart</i> of <u>Geology</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sal"i*fi`a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>salifiable</i>. See <u>Salify</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Capable of
neutralizing an acid to form a salt; -- said of bases; thus, ammonia
is <i>salifiable</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>salification</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The act, process, or result
of salifying; the state of being salified.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Salified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Salifying</u> (?).] [F. <i>salifier</i>; from L. <i>sal</i> salt +
<i>-ficare</i> (only in comp.) to make. See <u>-fy</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To combine or impregnate with
a salt.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To form a salt with; to convert
into a salt; as, to <i>salify</i> a base or an acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lig"e*nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sal</i>icin +
<i>-gen</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A phenol alcohol obtained, by the
decomposition of salicin, as a white crystalline substance; -- called
also <i>hydroxy-benzyl alcohol</i>.</def> </p>

<p><hw>Sal"i*got</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The water chestnut (<i>Trapa natans</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal*im"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sal</i> salt
+ <i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for measuring the amount of salt
present in any given solution.</def> [Written also
<i>salometer</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sal*im"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or
process of measuring the amount of salt in a substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*li"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L. <i>salinae</i>,
pl., salt works, from <i>sal</i> salt. See <u>Saline</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A salt marsh, or salt
pond, inclosed from the sea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Salt works.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*li"na pe"ri*od</hw> (?). [So called from <i>Salina</i>, a
town in New York.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The period in which the
American Upper Silurian system, containing the brine-producing rocks
of central New York, was formed. See the <i>Chart</i> of
<u>Geology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
washing with salt water.</def> [R. & Obs.] <i>Greenhill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"line</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>salin</i>, fr. L. <i>sal</i> salt: cf. L. <i>salinae</i> salt
works, <i>salinum</i> saltcellar. See <u>Salt</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Consisting of salt, or containing salt; as, <i>saline</i>
particles; <i>saline</i> substances; a <i>saline</i>
cathartic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of the quality of salt; salty; as, a
<i>saline</i> taste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"line</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>saline</i>. See <u>Saline</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A salt
spring; a place where salt water is collected in the earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A crude potash obtained from beet-root residues
and other similar sources.</def> [Written also <i>salin</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med. Chem.)</i> <def>A metallic salt; esp.,
a salt of potassium, sodium, lithium, or magnesium, used in
medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*line"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being salt; saltness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal`i*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Saline</i>
+ <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Same as <u>Saliferous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lin"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
form or the qualities of a salt, especially of common salt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lin"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Salineness.</def> <i>Carpenter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal`i*nom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Saline</i> +
<i>-meter</i>.] <def>A salimeter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lin"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Saline.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sal"ique</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Salic.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She fulmined out her scorn of laws
<i>salique</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal`i*re"tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sali</i>genin +
Gr. &?; resin.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A yellow amorphous resinoid
substance obtained by the action of dilute acids on
saligenin.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sal`is*bu"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after R.
A. <i>Salisbury</i>, an English botanist.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
ginkgo tree (<i>Ginkgo biloba</i>, or <i>Salisburia
adiantifolia</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>salitus</i>,
p. p. of <i>salire</i> to salt, fr. <i>sal</i> salt.] <def>To season
with salt; to salt.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa"lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from
<i>Sala</i>, a town in Sweden.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A massive lamellar
variety of pyroxene, of a dingy green color.</def> [Written also
<i>sahlite</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa*li"va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.; cf. Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The secretion from the salivary
glands.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In man the saliva is a more or less turbid and slighty
viscid fluid, generally of an alkaline reaction, and is secreted by
the parotid, submaxillary, and sublingual glands. In the mouth the
saliva is mixed with the secretion from the buccal glands. The
secretions from the individual salivary glands have their own special
characteristics, and these are not the same in all animals. In man and
many animals <i>mixed saliva</i>, i.e., saliva composed of the
secretions of all three of the salivary glands, is an important
digestive fluid on account of the presence of the peculiar enzyme,
ptyalin.</p>

<p><hw>Sa*li"val</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Salivary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"i*vant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>salivans</i>,
p. pr. of <i>salivare</i>. See <u>Salivate</u>.] <def>Producing
salivation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"i*vant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which produces
salivation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"i*va*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>salivarius</i> slimy, clammy: cf. F. <i>salivaire</i>.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to saliva; producing or
carrying saliva; as, the <i>salivary</i> ferment; the <i>salivary</i>
glands; the <i>salivary</i> ducts, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"i*vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Salivated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Salivating</u>.] [L. <i>salivatus</i>, p. p. of <i>salivare</i> to
salivate. See <u>Saliva</u>.] <def>To produce an abnormal flow of
saliva in; to produce salivation or ptyalism in, as by the use of
mercury.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal`i*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>salivatio</i>: cf. F. <i>salivation</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>The act or process of salivating; an excessive secretion of
saliva, often accompanied with soreness of the mouth and gums;
ptyalism.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It may be induced by direct chemical or mechanical
stimulation, as in mastication of some tasteless substance like
rubber, or indirectly by some agent which affects the whole system, as
mercury compounds.</p>

<p><hw>Sa*li"vous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>salivosus</i>:
cf. F. <i>saliveux</i>.] <def>Pertaining to saliva; of the nature of
saliva.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa"lix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Salices</b></plw> (#). [L., the willow.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A genus of trees or shrubs including the
willow, osier, and the like, growing usually in wet grounds.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A tree or shrub of any kind of
willow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"len*ders</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [F.
<i>solandres</i>, <i>solandre</i>.] <i>(Far.)</i> <def>An eruption on
the hind leg of a horse.</def> [Written also <i>sellanders</i>, and
<i>sellenders</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>On the inside of the hock, or a little below it, as
well as at the bend of the knee, there is occasionally a scurfy
eruption called "mallenders" in the fore leg, and "<i>sallenders</i>"
in the hind leg.</blockquote> <i>Youatt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal"let</hw> (s&abreve;l"l&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>salade</i>, Sp. <i>celada</i>, or It. <i>celata</i>, fr. L.
(cassis) <i>caelata</i>, fr. <i>caelare</i>, <i>caelatum</i>, to
engrave in relief. So called from the figures engraved upon it.]
<def>A light kind of helmet, with or without a visor, introduced
during the 15th century.</def> [Written also <i>salade</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Then he must have a <i>sallet</i> wherewith his head
may be saved.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sal"let</hw>, <hw>Sal"let*ing</hw> }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Salad.</def> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal"li*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Salience.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sal"low</hw> (s&abreve;l"l&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>salwe</i>, AS. <i>sealh</i>; akin to OHG. <i>salaha</i>, G.
<i>salweide</i>, Icel. <i>selja</i>, L. <i>salix</i>, Ir. <i>sail</i>,
<i>saileach</i>, Gael. <i>seileach</i>, W. <i>helyg</i>, Gr.
<grk>"eli`kh</grk>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The willow; willow
twigs.</def> [Poetic] <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And bend the pliant <i>sallow</i> to a
shield.</blockquote> <i>Fawkes.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sallow</i> knows the basketmaker's
thumb.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name given to certain
species of willow, especially those which do not have flexible shoots,
as <i>Salix caprea</i>, <i>S. cinerea</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sallow thorn</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a European thorny
shrub (<i>Hippophae rhamnoides</i>) much like an El&aelig;agnus. The
yellow berries are sometimes used for making jelly, and the plant
affords a yellow dye.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sal"low</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Sallower</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sallowest</u>.] [AS.
<i>salu</i>; akin to D. <i>zaluw</i>, OHG. <i>salo</i>, Icel.
<i>s&ouml;lr</i> yellow.] <def>Having a yellowish color; of a pale,
sickly color, tinged with yellow; as, a <i>sallow</i> skin.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal"low</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To tinge with
sallowness.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>July breathes hot, <i>sallows</i> the crispy
fields.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal"low*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
sallow.</def> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal"low*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
condition of being sallow.</def> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal"ly</hw> (s&abreve;l"l&ybreve;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sallied</u> (-l&ibreve;d);
<pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Sallying</u>.] [F.
<i>saillir</i>, fr. L. <i>salire</i> to leap, spring, akin to Gr.
<grk>"a`llesqai</grk>; cf. Skr. <i>s&rsdot;</i> to go, to flow. Cf.
<u>Salient</u>, <u>Assail</u>, <u>Assault</u>, <u>Exult</u>,
<u>Insult</u>, <u>Saltation</u>, <u>Saltire</u>.] <def>To leap or rush
out; to burst forth; to issue suddenly; as a body of troops from a
fortified place to attack besiegers; to make a sally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They break the truce, and <i>sally</i> out by
night.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The foe retires, -- she heads the <i>sallying</i>
host.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal"ly</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sallies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>saillie</i>, fr. <i>saillir</i>.
See <i>Sally</i>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
leaping forth; a darting; a spring.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rushing or bursting forth; a quick issue;
a sudden eruption; specifically, an issuing of troops from a place
besieged to attack the besiegers; a sortie.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sallies</i> were made by the Spaniards, but they
were beaten in with loss.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An excursion from the usual track; range;
digression; deviation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every one shall know a country better that makes often
<i>sallies</i> into it, and traverses it up and down, than he that . .
. goes still round in the same track.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A flight of fancy, liveliness, wit, or the
like; a flashing forth of a quick and active mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The unaffected mirth with which she enjoyed his
<i>sallies</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Transgression of the limits of soberness or
steadiness; act of levity; wild gayety; frolic; escapade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The excursion was esteemed but a <i>sally</i> of
youth.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sally port</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Fort.)</i>
<cd>A postern gate, or a passage underground, from the inner to the
outer works, to afford free egress for troops in a sortie</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naval)</i> <cd>A large port on each quarter of
a fireship, for the escape of the men into boats when the train is
fired; a large port in an old-fashioned three-decker or a large modern
ironclad.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sal"ly Lunn"</hw> (?). [From a woman, <i>Sally Lunn</i>, who is
said to have first made the cakes, and sold them in the streets of
Bath, Eng.] <def>A tea cake slighty sweetened, and raised with yeast,
baked in the form of biscuits or in a thin loaf, and eaten hot with
butter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"ly*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The velella; -- called also <i>saleeman</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Salm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Psalm.</def> [Obs2E]
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal`ma*gun"di</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>salmigondis</i>, of uncertain origin; perhaps from L. <i>salgama
condita</i>, pl.; <i>salgama</i> pickles + <i>condita</i> preserved
(see <u>Condite</u>); or from the Countess <i>Salmagondi</i>, lady of
honor to Maria de Medici, who is said to have invented it; or cf. It.
<i>salame</i> salt meat, and F. <i>salmis</i> a ragout.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mixture of chopped meat and pickled herring,
with oil, vinegar, pepper, and onions.</def> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a mixture of various ingredients; an
olio or medley; a potpourri; a miscellany.</def> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal"mi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Cookery)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Salmis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"mi*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>salmiac</i>, G. <i>salmiak</i>.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>Sal
ammoniac. See under <u>Sal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sal`mis"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Cookery)</i>
<def>A ragout of partly roasted game stewed with sauce, wine, bread,
and condiments suited to provoke appetite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Salm"on</hw> (s&abreve;m"&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Salmons</b></plw> (-&ubreve;nz) <i>or</i>
(<i>collectively</i>) <plw><b>Salmon</b></plw>. [OE. <i>saumoun</i>,
<i>salmon</i>, F. <i>saumon</i>, fr. L. <i>salmo</i>, <i>salmonis</i>,
perhaps from <i>salire</i> to leap. Cf. <u>Sally</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
one of several species of fishes of the genus <i>Salmo</i> and allied
genera. The common salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>) of Northern Europe and
Eastern North America, and the California salmon, or quinnat, are the
most important species. They are extensively preserved for food. See
<u>Quinnat</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The salmons ascend rivers and penetrate to their head
streams to spawn. They are remarkably strong fishes, and will even
leap over considerable falls which lie in the way of their progress.
The common salmon has been known to grow to the weight of seventy-five
pounds; more generally it is from fifteen to twenty-five pounds. Young
salmon are called <i>parr</i>, <i>peal</i>, <i>smolt</i>, and
<i>grilse</i>. Among the true salmons are: <col><b>Black
salmon</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Lake salmon</b></col>, <cd>the
namaycush.</cd> -- <col><b>Dog salmon</b></col>, <cd>a salmon of
Western North America (<i>Oncorhynchus keta</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Humpbacked salmon</b></col>, <cd>a Pacific-coast salmon
(<i>Oncorhynchus gorbuscha</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>King
salmon</b></col>, <cd>the quinnat.</cd> -- <col><b>Landlocked
salmon</b></col>, <cd>a variety of the common salmon (var.
<i>Sebago</i>), long confined in certain lakes in consequence of
obstructions that prevented it from returning to the sea. This last is
called also <i>dwarf salmon</i>.</cd> </p>

<p>  Among fishes of other families which are locally and erroneously
called <i>salmon</i> are: the pike perch, called <i>jack salmon</i>;
the spotted, or southern, squeteague; the cabrilla, called <i>kelp
salmon</i>; young pollock, called <i>sea salmon</i>; and the
California yellowtail.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A reddish yellow or orange color, like the
flesh of the salmon.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Salmon berry</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a large red
raspberry growing from Alaska to California, the fruit of the <i>Rubus
Nutkanus</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Salmon killer</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a stickleback (<i>Gasterosteus
cataphractus</i>) of Western North America and Northern Asia.</cd> --
<col><b>Salmon ladder</b></col>, <col><b>Salmon stair</b></col>.
<cd>See <i>Fish ladder</i>, under <u>Fish</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Salmon
peel</b></col>, <cd>a young salmon.</cd> -- <col><b>Salmon
pipe</b></col>, <cd>a certain device for catching salmon.</cd>
<i>Crabb.</i> -- <col><b>Salmon trout</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The European sea trout (<i>Salmo trutta</i>).
It resembles the salmon, but is smaller, and has smaller and more
numerous scales.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The American
namaycush</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>A name that is also applied
locally to the adult black spotted trout (<i>Salmo purpuratus</i>),
and to the steel head and other large trout of the Pacific
coast.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Salm"on</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a reddish yellow or
orange color, like that of the flesh of the salmon.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1271 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Salm"on*et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <i>Samlet</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A salmon of small size; a samlet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"mon*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Salmon</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like, or pertaining to, the
<i>Salmonid&aelig;</i>, a family of fishes including the trout and
salmon.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any fish of the family
<i>Salmonid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"o*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sal</i> salt +
<i>-gen</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A halogen.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sal"ol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Salicylic</i> + <i>-
ol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white crystalline substance consisting
of phenol salicylate.</def></p>

<p><hw>sa*lom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Salimeter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Salimetry.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa`lon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Saloon</u>.] <def>An apartment for the reception of company; hence,
in the plural, fashionable parties; circles of fashionable
society.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*loon"</hw> (s&adot;*l&oomac;n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>salon</i> (cf. It. <i>salone</i>), fr. F. <i>salle</i> a large
room, a hall, of German or Dutch origin; cf. OHG. <i>sal</i> house,
hall, G. <i>saal</i>; akin to AS. <i>s&aelig;l</i>, <i>sele</i>, D.
<i>zaal</i>, Icel. <i>salr</i>, Goth. <i>saljan</i> to dwell, and
probably to L. <i>solum</i> ground. Cf. <u>Sole</u> of the foot,
<u>Soil</u> ground, earth.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A spacious and
elegant apartment for the reception of company or for works of art; a
hall of reception, esp. a hall for public entertainments or
amusements; a large room or parlor; as, the <i>saloon</i> of a
steamboat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The gilden <i>saloons</i> in which the first magnates
of the realm . . . gave banquets and balls.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Popularly, a public room for specific uses;
esp., a barroom or grogshop; as, a drinking <i>saloon</i>; an eating
<i>saloon</i>; a dancing <i>saloon</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We hear of no hells, or low music halls, or low dancing
<i>saloons</i> [at Athens.]</blockquote> <i>J. P. Mahaffy.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*loop"</hw> (s&adot;*l&oomac;p"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>An aromatic drink prepared from sassafras bark and other
ingredients, at one time much used in London.</def> <i>J. Smith (Dict.
Econ. Plants).</i></p>

<p><col><b>Saloop bush</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an Australian
shrub (<i>Rhagodia hastata</i>) of the Goosefoot family, used for
fodder.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Salp</hw> (s&abreve;lp), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of Salpa, or of the family
<i>Salpid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sal"pa</hw> (s&abreve;l"p&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> L. <plw><b>Salp&aelig;</b></plw> (-p&emacr;), E.
<plw><b>Salpas</b></plw> (-p&adot;z). [NL.: cf. L. <i>salpa</i> a kind
of stockfish.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of transparent,
tubular, free-swimming oceanic tunicates found abundantly in all the
warmer latitudes. See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Each species exists in two distinct forms, one of which
lives solitary, and produces, by budding from an internal organ, a
series of the other kind. These are united together, side by side, so
as to form a chain, or cluster, often of large size. Each of the
individuals composing the chain carries a single egg, which develops
into the solitary kind.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sal"pi*an</hw> (?), <hw>Sal"pid</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A salpa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"pi*con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>salpicon</i>,
Sp. <i>salpicon</i>.] <def>Chopped meat, bread, etc., used to stuff
legs of veal or other joints; stuffing; farce.</def> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sal`pin*gi"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Salpinx</u>, and <u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of
the salpinx.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sal"pinx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;,
&?;, a trumpet.] <i>(Old Anat.)</i> <def>The Eustachian tube, or the
Fallopian tube.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"sa*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Salsify</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal`sa*men*ta"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>salsamentarius</i>, fr. <i>salsamentum</i> brine, pickled fish, fr.
<i>salsus</i> salted, p. p. of <i>salire</i> to salt.] <def>Salt;
salted; saline.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Salse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A mud volcano,
the water of which is often impregnated with salts, whence the
name.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"si*fy</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>salsifis</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <i>Oyster plant</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>, under <u>Oyster</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"so-ac`id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>salsus</i>
salted, salt + <i>acidus</i> acid.] <def>Having a taste compounded of
saltness and acidity; both salt and acid.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sal`so"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <i>Sal
soda</i>, under <u>Sal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sal"so*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>salsus</i> salt, because they contain alkaline salts.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants including the glasswort. See
<u>Glasswort</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>sal*su"gi*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>salsugo</i>, <i>-ginis</i>, saltness, from <i>salsus</i> salted,
salt: cf. F. <i>salsugineux</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Growing in
brackish places or in salt marshes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Salt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sealt</i>; akin to
OS. & OFries. <i>salt</i>, D. <i>zout</i>, G. <i>salz</i>, Icel., Sw.,
& Dan. <i>salt</i>, L. <i>sal</i>, Gr. &?;, Russ. <i>sole</i>, Ir. &
Gael. <i>salann</i>, W. <i>halen</i>, of unknown origin. Cf.
<u>Sal</u>, <u>Salad</u>, <u>Salary</u>, <u>Saline</u>, <u>Sauce</u>,
<u>Sausage</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The chloride of sodium, a
substance used for seasoning food, for the preservation of meat, etc.
It is found native in the earth, and is also produced, by evaporation
and crystallization, from sea water and other water impregnated with
saline particles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, flavor; taste; savor; smack;
seasoning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though we are justices and doctors and churchmen . . .
we have some <i>salt</i> of our youth in us.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, also, piquancy; wit; sense; as,
Attic <i>salt</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A dish for salt at table; a
saltcellar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I out and bought some things; among others, a dozen of
silver <i>salts</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A sailor; -- usually qualified by
<i>old</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Around the door are generally to be seen, laughing and
gossiping, clusters of old <i>salts</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The neutral compound formed
by the union of an acid and a base; thus, sulphuric acid and iron form
the <i>salt</i> sulphate of iron or green vitriol.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Except in case of ammonium salts, accurately speaking, it is
the acid radical which unites with the base or basic radical, with the
elimination of hydrogen, of water, or of analogous compounds as side
products. In the case of diacid and triacid bases, and of dibasic and
tribasic acids, the mutual neutralization may vary in degree,
producing respectively <i>basic</i>, <i>neutral</i>, or <i>acid</i>
salts. See Phrases below.</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: That which preserves from corruption
or error; that which purifies; a corrective; an antiseptic; also, an
allowance or deduction; as, his statements must be taken with a grain
of <i>salt</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye are the <i>salt</i> of the earth.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. v. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Any mineral salt used as an
aperient or cathartic, especially Epsom salts, Rochelle salt, or
Glauber's salt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Marshes flooded by the
tide.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Above the salt</b></col>, <col><b>Below the salt</b></col>,
<cd>phrases which have survived the old custom, in the houses of
people of rank, of placing a large saltcellar near the middle of a
long table, the places above which were assigned to the guests of
distinction, and those below to dependents, inferiors, and poor
relations. See <u>Saltfoot</u>.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>His fashion is not to take knowledge of him that is
beneath him in clothes. He never drinks <i>below the
salt</i>.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Acid salt</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A salt derived from an acid which has several replaceable hydrogen
atoms which are only partially exchanged for metallic atoms or basic
radicals; as, acid potassium sulphate is an <i>acid salt</i>.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A salt, whatever its constitution, which
merely gives an acid reaction; thus, copper sulphate, which is
composed of a strong acid united with a weak base, is an <i>acid
salt</i> in this sense, though theoretically it is a neutral
salt.</cd> -- <col><b>Alkaline salt</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
salt which gives an alkaline reaction, as sodium carbonate.</cd> --
<col><b>Amphid salt</b></col> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>a salt of the
oxy type, formerly regarded as composed of two oxides, an acid and a
basic oxide.</cd> [Obsolescent] -- <col><b>Basic salt</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A salt which contains more of
the basic constituent than is required to neutralize the acid</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An alkaline salt.</cd> -- <col><b>Binary
salt</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a salt of the oxy type conveniently
regarded as composed of two ingredients (analogously to a haloid
salt), viz., a metal and an acid radical.</cd> -- <col><b>Double
salt</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a salt regarded as formed by the
union of two distinct salts, as common alum, potassium aluminium
sulphate. See under <u>Double</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Epsom
salts</b></col>. <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Essential
salt</b></col> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>a salt obtained by
crystallizing plant juices.</cd> -- <col><b>Ethereal salt</b></col>.
<i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Ethereal</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Glauber's salt</b></col> or <col><b>salts</b></col>. <cd>See
in Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Haloid salt</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>a simple salt of a halogen acid, as sodium chloride.</cd> --
<col><b>Microcosmic salt</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i>. <cd>See under
<u>Microcosmic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Neutral salt</b></col>.
<i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A salt in which the acid and
base (in theory) neutralize each other</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
salt which gives a neutral reaction.</cd> -- <col><b>Oxy
salt</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a salt derived from an oxygen
acid.</cd> -- <col><b>Per salt</b></col> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
salt supposed to be derived from a peroxide base or analogous
compound.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>Permanent salt</b></col>, <cd>a salt
which undergoes no change on exposure to the air.</cd> --
<col><b>Proto salt</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a salt derived from a
protoxide base or analogous compound.</cd> -- <col><b>Rochelle
salt</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Rochelle</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt of
amber</b></col> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>succinic acid.</cd> --
<col><b>Salt of colcothar</b></col> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>green
vitriol, or sulphate of iron.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt of
hartshorn</b></col>. <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Sal
ammoniac, or ammonium chloride</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Ammonium
carbonate. Cf. <i>Spirit of hartshorn</i>, under
<u>Hartshorn</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt of lemons</b></col>.
<i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See <i>Salt of sorrel</i>, below.</cd> --
<col><b>Salt of Saturn</b></col> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>sugar of
lead; lead acetate; -- the alchemical name of lead being
<i>Saturn</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt of Seignette</b></col>. <cd>Same
as <u>Rochelle salt</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt of soda</b></col>
<i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>sodium carbonate.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt of
sorrel</b></col> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>acid potassium oxalate, or
potassium quadroxalate, used as a solvent for ink stains; -- so called
because found in the sorrel, or Oxalis. Also sometimes inaccurately
called <i>salt of lemon</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt of tartar</b></col>
<i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>potassium carbonate; -- so called because
formerly made by heating cream of tartar, or potassium tartrate.</cd>
[Obs.] -- <col><b>Salt of Venus</b></col> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>blue
vitriol; copper sulphate; -- the alchemical name of copper being
<i>Venus</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt of wisdom</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Alembroth</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sedative salt</b></col> <i>(Old Med.
Chem.)</i>, <cd>boric acid.</cd> -- <col><b>Sesqui salt</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a salt derived from a sesquioxide base or
analogous compound.</cd> -- <col><b>Spirit of salt</b></col>.
<i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Spirit</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sulpho
salt</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a salt analogous to an oxy salt,
but containing sulphur in place of oxygen.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Salt</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Salter</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Saltest</u>.] [AS.
<i>sealt</i>, <i>salt</i>. See <u>Salt</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or relating to salt; abounding in, or
containing, salt; prepared or preserved with, or tasting of, salt;
salted; as, <i>salt</i> beef; <i>salt</i> water.</def> "<i>Salt</i>
tears." <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Overflowed with, or growing in, salt water;
as, a <i>salt</i> marsh; <i>salt</i> grass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Bitter; sharp; pungent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have a <i>salt</i> and sorry rheum offends
me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Salacious; lecherous; lustful.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Salt acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>hydrochloric
acid.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt block</b></col>, <cd>an apparatus for
evaporating brine; a salt factory.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Salt
bottom</b></col>, <cd>a flat piece of ground covered with saline
efflorescences.</cd> [Western U.S.] <i>Bartlett.</i> -- <col><b>Salt
cake</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the white caked mass, consisting of
sodium sulphate, which is obtained as the product of the first stage
in the manufacture of soda, according to Leblanc's process.</cd> --
<col><b>Salt fish</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Salted fish,
especially cod, haddock, and similar fishes that have been salted and
dried for food.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A marine fish.</cd> --
<col><b>Salt garden</b></col>, <cd>an arrangement for the natural
evaporation of sea water for the production of salt, employing large
shallow basins excavated near the seashore.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt
gauge</b></col>, <cd>an instrument used to test the strength of brine;
a salimeter.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt horse</b></col>, <cd>salted
beef.</cd> [Slang] -- <col><b>Salt junk</b></col>, <cd>hard salt beef
for use at sea.</cd> [Slang] -- <col><b>Salt lick</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Lick</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Salt
marsh</b></col>, <cd>grass land subject to the overflow of salt
water.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt-marsh caterpillar</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an American bombycid moth (<i>Spilosoma
acr&aelig;a</i> which is very destructive to the salt-marsh grasses
and to other crops. Called also <i>woolly bear</i>. See Illust. under
<u>Moth</u>, <u>Pupa</u>, and <i>Woolly bear</i>, under
<u>Woolly</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt-marsh fleabane</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a strong-scented composite herb (<i>Pluchea
camphorata</i>) with rayless purplish heads, growing in salt
marshes.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt-marsh hen</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the clapper rail. See under <u>Rail</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt-
marsh terrapin</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the diamond-
back.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt mine</b></col>, <cd>a mine where rock salt
is obtained.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt pan</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A large pan used for making salt by evaporation; also, a shallow
basin in the ground where salt water is evaporated by the heat of the
sun.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <cd>Salt works.</cd> --
<col><b>Salt pit</b></col>, <cd>a pit where salt is obtained or
made.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt rising</b></col>, <cd>a kind of yeast in
which common salt is a principal ingredient.</cd> [U.S.] --
<col><b>Salt raker</b></col>, <cd>one who collects salt in natural
salt ponds, or inclosures from the sea.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt
sedative</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>boracic acid.</cd> [Obs.] --
<col><b>Salt spring</b></col>, <cd>a spring of salt water.</cd> --
<col><b>Salt tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a small leguminous tree
(<i>Halimodendron argenteum</i>) growing in the salt plains of the
Caspian region and in Siberia.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt water</b></col>,
<cd>water impregnated with salt, as that of the ocean and of certain
seas and lakes; sometimes, also, tears.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Mine eyes are full of tears, I can not see;<BR>
And yet <i>salt water</i> blinds them not so much<BR>
But they can see a sort of traitors here.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Salt-water sailor</b></col>, <cd>an ocean mariner.</cd>
-- <col><b>Salt-water tailor</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Bluefish</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Salt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Salted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Salting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sprinkle, impregnate, or
season with salt; to preserve with salt or in brine; to supply with
salt; as, to <i>salt</i> fish, beef, or pork; to <i>salt</i>
cattle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fill with salt between the timbers and
planks, as a ship, for the preservation of the timber.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To salt a mine</b></col>, <cd>to artfully deposit minerals
in a mine in order to deceive purchasers regarding its value.</cd>
[Cant] -- <col><b>To salt away</b></col>, <col><b>To salt
down</b></col>, <cd>to prepare with, or pack in, salt for preserving,
as meat, eggs, etc.; hence, colloquially, to save, lay up, or invest
sagely, as money.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Salt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To deposit salt as
a saline solution; as, the brine begins to <i>salt</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Salt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>saltus</i>, fr.
<i>salire</i> to leap.] <def>The act of leaping or jumping; a
leap.</def> [Obs.] <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal"tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>saltans</i>, p.
pr. of <i>saltare</i> to dance, v. intens. fr. <i>salire</i> to leap:
cf. F. <i>sautant</i>. See <u>Sally</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Leaping; jumping; dancing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>In a leaping position;
springing forward; -- applied especially to the squirrel, weasel, and
rat, also to the cat, greyhound, monkey, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sal`ta*rel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Saltarello</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sal`ta*rel"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., fr. L.
<i>saltare</i> to jump.] <def>A popular Italian dance in quick 3-4 or
6-8 time, running mostly in triplets, but with a hop step at the
beginning of each measure. See <u>Tarantella</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Saltant</u>.] <def>To leap or dance.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sal*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>saltatio</i>:
cf. F. <i>saltation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A leaping or
jumping.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Continued his <i>saltation</i> without
pause.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Beating or palpitation; as, the
<i>saltation</i> of the great artery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>An abrupt and marked
variation in the condition or appearance of a species; a sudden
modification which may give rise to new races.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We greatly suspect that nature does make considerable
jumps in the way of variation now and then, and that these
<i>saltations</i> give rise to some of the gaps which appear to exist
in the series of known forms.</blockquote> <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sal`ta*to"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Orthoptera including
grasshoppers, locusts, and crickets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal`ta*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to leaping; saltatory; as,
<i>saltatorial</i> exercises.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Same as <u>Saltatorious</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Saltatoria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal`ta*to"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
leaping; formed for leaping; saltatory; as, a <i>saltatorious</i>
insect or leg.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"ta*to"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>saltatorius</i>. See <u>Saltant</u>, and cf. <u>Saltire</u>.]
<def>Leaping or dancing; having the power of, or used in, leaping or
dancing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Saltatory evolution</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>a theory
of evolution which holds that the transmutation of species is not
always gradual, but that there may come sudden and marked variations.
See <u>Saltation</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Saltatory spasm</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>an affection in which pressure of the foot on a
floor causes the patient to spring into the air, so as to make
repeated involuntary motions of hopping and jumping.</cd> <i>J.
Ross.</i></p>

<p><hw>Salt"bush`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An
Australian plant (<i>Atriplex nummularia</i>) of the Goosefoot
family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Salt"cat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mixture of
salt, coarse meal, lime, etc., attractive to pigeons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Salt"cel*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>saltsaler</i>; <i>salt</i> + F. <i>sali&egrave;re</i> saltcellar,
from L. <i>sal</i> salt. See <u>Salt</u>, and cf. <u>Salary</u>.]
<def>Formerly a large vessel, now a small vessel of glass or other
material, used for holding salt on the table.</def></p>

<p><hw>Salt"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes,
sells, or applies salt; one who salts meat or fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Salt"ern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A building or
place where salt is made by boiling or by evaporation; salt
works.</def></p>

<p><hw>Salt"foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A large
saltcellar formerly placed near the center of the table. The superior
guests were seated above the saltfoot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Salt"-green</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sea-green in
color.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Salt"ie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European dab.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"tier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Saltire</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sal`ti*gra"d&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Saltigrade</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tribe of spiders
including those which lie in wait and leap upon their prey; the
leaping spiders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"ti*grade</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>saltus</i> a
leap + <i>gradi</i> to walk, go: cf. F. <i>saltigrade</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having feet or legs formed for
leaping.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"ti*grade</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the <i>Saltigrad&aelig;</i>, a tribe of spiders which leap
to seize their prey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal`tim*ban"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., literally,
one who leaps or mounts upon a bench; <i>saltare</i> to leap +
<i>in</i> in, upon + <i>banco</i> a bench.] <def>A mountebank; a
quack.</def> [Obs.] [Written also <i>santinbanco</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Saltimbancos</i>, quacksalvers, and
charlatans.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Salt"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of sprinkling, impregnating, or furnishing, with
salt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A salt marsh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"tire</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sautoir</i>, fr.
LL. <i>saltatorium</i> a sort of stirrup, fr. L. <i>saltatorius</i>
saltatory. See <u>Saltatory</u>, <u>Sally</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>A St. Andrew's cross, or cross in the form of an
<universbold>X</universbold>, -- one of the honorable
ordinaries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"tire*wise`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>In the manner of a saltire; -- said especially of the blazoning
of a shield divided by two lines drawn in the direction of a bend and
a bend sinister, and crossing at the center.</def></p>

<p><hw>Salt"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
salt.</def> -- <wf>Salt"ish*ly</wf>, adv. -- <wf>Salt"ish*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Salt"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of salt;
insipid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Salt"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With taste of salt;
in a salt manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Salt"mouth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wide-mouthed
bottle with glass stopper for holding chemicals, especially
crystallized salts.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1272 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Salt"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being salt, or state of being salt, or impregnated with salt;
salt taste; as, the <i>saltness</i> of sea water.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Salt`pe"ter</hw>, <hw>Salt`pe"tre</hw> }, (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>salp&ecirc;tre</i>, NL. <i>sal petrae</i>,
literally, rock salt, or stone salt; so called because it exudes from
rocks or walls. See <u>Salt</u>, and <u>Petrify</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Potassium nitrate; niter; a white crystalline substance,
KNO<sub>3</sub>, having a cooling saline taste, obtained by leaching
from certain soils in which it is produced by the process of
nitrification (see <u>Nitrification</u>, 2). It is a strong oxidizer,
is the chief constituent of gunpowder, and is also used as an
antiseptic in curing meat, and in medicine as a diuretic, diaphoretic,
and refrigerant.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chili salpeter</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>sodium nitrate
(distinguished from potassium nitrate, or true salpeter), a white
crystalline substance, NaNO<sub>3</sub>, having a cooling, saline,
slightly bitter taste. It is obtained by leaching the soil of the
rainless districts of Chili and Peru. It is deliquescent and cannot be
used in gunpowder, but is employed in the production of nitric acid.
Called also <i>cubic niter</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Saltpeter
acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>nitric acid; -- sometimes so called
because made from saltpeter.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Salt`pe"trous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>salp&ecirc;treux</i>.] <def>Pertaining to saltpeter, or partaking
of its qualities; impregnated with saltpeter.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Salt" rheum</hw> (?). <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A popular name, esp.
in the United States, for various cutaneous eruptions, particularly
for those of eczema. See <u>Eczema</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Salt"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
name given to several plants which grow on the seashore, as the
<i>Batis maritima</i>, and the glasswort. See
<u>Glasswort</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Black saltwort</b></col>, <cd>the sea milkwort.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Salt"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat salt;
saltish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lu"bri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>salubris</i>, or <i>saluber</i>, fr. <i>salus</i> health; akin to
<i>salvus</i> safe, sound, well. See <u>Safe</u>.] <def>Favorable to
health; healthful; promoting health; as, <i>salubrious</i> air, water,
or climate.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Healthful; wholesome; healthy; salutary.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Sa-lu"bri*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sa*lu"bri*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lu"bri*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>salubritas</i>: cf. F. <i>salubrit&eacute;</i> See
<u>Salubrious</u>.] <def>The quality of being salubrious;
favorableness to the preservation of health; salubriousness;
wholesomeness; healthfulness; as, the <i>salubrity</i> of the air, of
a country, or a climate.</def> "A sweet, dry smell of
<i>salubrity</i>." <i>G. W. Cable.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lue"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>saluer</i>.
See <u>Salute</u>.] <def>To salute.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There was no "good day" and no
<i>saluyng</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal"u*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>salutaris</i>, from <i>salus</i>, <i>-utis</i>, health, safety: cf.
F. <i>salutaire</i>. See <u>Salubrious</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Wholesome; healthful; promoting health; as, <i>salutary</i>
exercise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Promotive of, or contributing to, some
beneficial purpose; beneficial; advantageous; as, a <i>salutary</i>
design.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Wholesome; healthful; salubrious; beneficial;
useful; advantageous; profitable.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Sal"u*ta*ri*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sal"u*ta*ri*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sal`u*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>salutatio</i>: cf. F. <i>salutation</i>. See <u>Salute</u>.]
<def>The act of saluting, or paying respect or reverence, by the
customary words or actions; the act of greeting, or expressing good
will or courtesy; also, that which is uttered or done in saluting or
greeting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In all public meetings or private addresses, use those
forms of <i>salutation</i>, reverence, and decency usual amongst the
most sober persons.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Greeting; salute; address. -- <u>Salutation</u>,
<u>Greeting</u>, <u>Salute</u>. <i>Greeting</i> is the general word
for all manner of expressions of recognition, agreeable or otherwise,
made when persons meet or communicate with each other. A
<i>greeting</i> may be hearty and loving, chilling and offensive, or
merely formal, as in the opening sentence of legal documents.
<i>Salutation</i> more definitely implies a wishing well, and is used
of expressions at parting as well as at meeting. It is used especially
of uttered expressions of good will. <i>Salute</i>, while formerly and
sometimes still in the sense of either <i>greeting</i> or
<i>salutation</i>, is now used specifically to denote a conventional
demonstration not expressed in words. The guests received a
<i>greeting</i> which relieved their embarrassment, offered their
<i>salutations</i> in well-chosen terms, and when they retired, as
when they entered, made a deferential <i>salute</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Woe unto you, Pharisees! for ye love the uppermost
seats in the synagogues, and <i>greetings</i> in the
markets.</blockquote> <i>Luke xi. 43.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When Elisabeth heard the <i>salutation</i> of Mary, the
babe leaped in her womb.</blockquote> <i>Luke i. 41.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall not trouble my reader with the first
<i>salutes</i> of our three friends.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lu`ta*to"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
student who pronounces the salutatory oration at the annual
Commencement or like exercises of a college, -- an honor commonly
assigned to that member of the graduating class who ranks second in
scholarship.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa*lu"ta*to*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By way
of salutation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lu"ta*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>salutatorius</i>. See <u>Salute</u>.] <def>Containing or expressing
salutations; speaking a welcome; greeting; -- applied especially to
the oration which introduces the exercises of the Commencements, or
similar public exhibitions, in American colleges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lu"ta*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A place for saluting or greeting; a vestibule; a porch.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(American Colleges)</i> <def>The salutatory
oration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Saluted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Saluting</u>.] [L. <i>salutare</i>, <i>salutatum</i>, from
<i>salus</i>, <i>-utis</i>, health, safety. See <u>Salubrious</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To address, as with expressions of kind wishes
and courtesy; to greet; to hail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>salute</i> you with this kingly
title.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to give a sign of good will; to
compliment by an act or ceremony, as a kiss, a bow, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You have the prettiest tip of a finger . . . I must
take the freedom to <i>salute</i> it.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil. & Naval)</i> <def>To honor, as some
day, person, or nation, by a discharge of cannon or small arms, by
dipping colors, by cheers, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To promote the welfare and safety of; to
benefit; to gratify.</def> [Obs.] "If this <i>salute</i> my blood a
jot." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>salut</i>.
See <u>Salute</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of saluting, or expressing kind wishes or respect; salutation;
greeting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sign, token, or ceremony, expressing good
will, compliment, or respect, as a kiss, a bow, etc.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil. & Naval)</i> <def>A token of respect or
honor for some distinguished or official personage, for a foreign
vessel or flag, or for some festival or event, as by presenting arms,
by a discharge of cannon, volleys of small arms, dipping the colors or
the topsails, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lut"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
salutes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal`u*tif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>salutifer</i>; <i>salus</i>, <i>-utis</i>, health + <i>ferre</i> to
bring.] <def>Bringing health; healthy; salutary; beneficial; as,
<i>salutiferous</i> air.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Innumerable powers, all of them
<i>salutiferous</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Healthful; healthy; salutary; salubrious.</p>

<p><hw>Sal`u*tif"er*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Salutarily.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sal`va*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or condition of being salvable; salvableness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In the Latin scheme of redemption, <i>salvability</i>
was not possible outside the communion of the visible
organization.</blockquote> <i>A. V. G. Allen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal"va*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>salvare</i> to
save, from <i>salvus</i> safe. Cf. <u>Savable</u>.] <def>Capable of
being saved; admitting of salvation.</def> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sal"va*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sal"va*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sal"vage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>salvage</i>,
OF. <i>salver</i> to save, F. <i>sauver</i>, fr. L. <i>salvare</i>.
See <u>Save</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of saving a vessel,
goods, or life, from perils of the sea.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Salvage</i> of life from a British ship, or a
foreign ship in British waters, ranks before <i>salvage</i> of
goods.</blockquote> <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Maritime Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The compensation allowed to persons who voluntarily assist in
saving a ship or her cargo from peril.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>That part of the property that survives the peril and is
saved.</def> <i>Kent. Abbot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal"vage</hw>, <pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> <def>Savage.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>salvacioun</i>, <i>sauvacion</i>, F. <i>salvation</i>, fr. L.
<i>salvatio</i>, fr. <i>salvare</i> to save. See <u>Save</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of saving; preservation or deliverance
from destruction, danger, or great calamity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>The redemption of man from
the bondage of sin and liability to eternal death, and the conferring
on him of everlasting happiness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To earn <i>salvation</i> for the sons of
men.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Godly sorrow worketh repentance to
<i>salvation</i>.</blockquote> <i>2. Cor. vii. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Saving power; that which saves.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fear ye not; stand still, and see the <i>salvation</i>
of the Lord, which he will show to you to-day.</blockquote> <i>Ex.
xiv. 13.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Salvation Army</b></col>, <cd>an organization for
prosecuting the work of Christian evangelization, especially among the
degraded populations of cities. It is virtually a new sect founded in
London in 1861 by William Booth. The evangelists, male and female,
have military titles according to rank, that of the chief being
"General." They wear a uniform, and in their phraseology and mode of
work adopt a quasi military style.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sal*va"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An evangelist,
a member, or a recruit, of the Salvation Army.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"va*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>salvatorium</i>, fr. <i>salvare</i> to save.] <def>A place where
things are preserved; a repository.</def> [R.] <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sal"ve</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [L., hail, God
save you, imperat. of <i>salvere</i> to be well. Cf. <u>Salvo</u> a
volley.] <def>Hail!</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"ve</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To say
"<i>Salve</i>" to; to greet; to salute.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By this that stranger knight in presence came,<BR>
And goodly <i>salved</i> them.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Salve</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sealf</i>
ointment; akin to LG. <i>salwe</i>, D. <i>zalve</i>, <i>zalf</i>, OHG.
<i>salba</i>, Dan. <i>salve</i>, Sw. <i>salfva</i>, Goth.
<i>salb&omacr;n</i> to anoint, and probably to Gr. (Hesychius) &?;
oil, &?; butter, Skr. <i>sarpis</i> clarified butter. &radic;155,
291.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An adhesive composition or substance to
be applied to wounds or sores; a healing ointment.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A soothing remedy or antidote.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Counsel or consolation we may bring.<BR>
<i>Salve</i> to thy sores.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Salve bug</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large, stout
isopod crustacean (<i>&AElig;ga psora</i>), parasitic on the halibut
and codfish, -- used by fishermen in the preparation of a salve. It
becomes about two inches in length.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Salve</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Salved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Salving</u>.] [AS. <i>sealfian</i> to anoint. See <u>Salve</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To heal by applications
or medicaments; to cure by remedial treatment; to apply salve to; as,
to <i>salve</i> a wound.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To heal; to remedy; to cure; to make good;
to soothe, as with an ointment, especially by some device, trick, or
quibble; to gloss over.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But Ebranck <i>salved</i> both their infamies<BR>
With noble deeds.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What may we do, then, to <i>salve</i> this seeming
inconsistence?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Salve</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Salvage</u>] <def>To save, as a ship or goods, from the perils of
the sea.</def> [Recent]</p>

<p><hw>Salv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who salves, or
uses salve as a remedy; hence, a quacksalver, or quack.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sal"ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Salvage</u>.]
<def>A salvor.</def> <i>Skeat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal"ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>salva</i>
pregustation, the tasting of viands before they are served, salver,
fr. <i>salvar</i> to save, to taste, to prove the food or drink of
nobles, from L. <i>salvare</i> to save. See <u>Save</u>.] <def>A tray
or waiter on which anything is presented.</def> </p>

<p><hw>Sal"ver-shaped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Tubular, with a spreading border. See
<u>Hypocraterimorphous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sal"vi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., sage.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants including the sage. See
<u>Sage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal*vif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>salficus</i>
saving; <i>salvus</i> saved, safe + <i>facere</i> to make.]
<def>Tending to save or secure safety.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sal"vo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Salvos</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>salvo jure</i>, literally, the
right being reserved. See <u>Safe.</u>] <def>An exception; a
reservation; an excuse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They admit many <i>salvos</i>, cautions, and
reservations.</blockquote> <i>Eikon Basilike.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal"vo</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>salve</i> a discharge
of heavy cannon, a volley, L. <i>salve</i> hail, imperat. of
<i>salvere</i> to be well, akin to <i>salvus</i> well. See
<u>Safe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A concentrated
fire from pieces of artillery, as in endeavoring to make a break in a
fortification; a volley.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A salute paid by a simultaneous, or nearly
simultaneous, firing of a number of cannon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"vor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Salvation</u>,
<u>Save</u>] <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who assists in saving a ship or
goods at sea, without being under special obligation to do so.</def>
<i>Wheaton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sam</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>same</i>. See
<u>Same</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Together.</def> [Obs.] "All in
that city <i>sam</i>." <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*ma"ra</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>samara</i>,
<i>samera</i>, the seed of the elm.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A dry,
indehiscent, usually one-seeded, winged fruit, as that of the ash,
maple, and elm; a key or key fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sam"are</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Simar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*mar"i*tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Samaritanus</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Samaria, in
Palestine.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant
of Samaria; also, the language of Samaria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*ma"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. E.
<i>samar</i>skite.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rare metallic element of
doubtful identity.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Samarium was discovered, by means of spectrum analysis, in
certain minerals (<i>samarskite</i>, <i>cerite</i>, etc.), in which it
is associated with other elements of the earthy group. It has been
confounded with the doubtful elements <i>decipium</i>,
<i>philippium</i>, etc., and is possibly a complex mixture of elements
not as yet clearly identified. Symbol Sm. Provisional atomic weight
150.2. </p>

<p><hw>Sam"a*roid</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Samara</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Resembling a samara, or winged seed
vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*mar"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Simar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*mar"skite</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [After
<i>Samarski</i>, a Russian.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A rare mineral having
a velvet-black color and submetallic luster. It is a niobate of
uranium, iron, and the yttrium and cerium metals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sam"bo</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>zambo</i>,
<i>sambo</i>.] <def>A colloquial or humorous appellation for a negro;
sometimes, the offspring of a black person and a mulatto; a
zambo.</def> </p>

<p><hw>Sam"boo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Sambur</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sam*bu"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., an elder
tree.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of shrubs and trees; the
elder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sam"buke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sambuca</i>, Gr.
&?;.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An ancient stringed instrument used by the
Greeks, the particular construction of which is unknown.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sam"bur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>s&amacr;mbar</i>, <i>s&amacr;bar</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
East Indian deer (<i>Rusa Aristotelis</i>) having a mane on its neck.
Its antlers have but three prongs. Called also <i>gerow</i>. The name
is applied to other species of the genus <i>Rusa</i>, as the Bornean
sambur (<i>R. equina</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Same</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>same</i>, adv.;
akin to OS. <i>sama</i>, <i>samo</i>, adv., OHG. <i>sam</i>, a.,
<i>sama</i>, adv., Icel. <i>samr</i>, a., Sw. <i>samme</i>,
<i>samma</i>, Dan. <i>samme</i>, Goth. <i>sama</i>, Russ.
<i>samuii</i>, Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>sama</i>, Gr. &?; like, L.
<i>simul</i> at the same time, <i>similis</i> like, and E.
<i>some</i>, a., <i>-some</i>. &radic;191. Cf. <u>Anomalous</u>,
<u>Assemble</u>, <u>Homeopathy</u>, <u>Homily</u>, <u>Seem</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, <u>Semi-</u>, <u>Similar</u>, <u>Some</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not different or other; not another or others;
identical; unchanged.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou art the <i>same</i>, and thy years shall have no
end.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cii. 27.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of like kind, species, sort, dimensions, or
the like; not differing in character or in the quality or qualities
compared; corresponding; not discordant; similar; like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ethereal vigor is in all the
<i>same</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Just mentioned, or just about to be
mentioned.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What ye know, the <i>same</i> do I know.</blockquote>
<i>Job. xiii. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Do but think how well the <i>same</i> he spends,<BR>
Who spends his blood his country to relieve.</blockquote>
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Same</i> is commonly preceded by <i>the</i>, <i>this</i>,
or <i>that</i> and is often used substantively as in the citations
above. In a comparative use it is followed by <i>as</i> or
<i>with</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Bees like the <i>same</i> odors as we do.</blockquote>
<i>Lubbock.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] held the <i>same</i> political opinions with his
illustrious friend.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Same"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sameness,
2.</def> [R.] <i>Bayne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Same"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being the same; identity; absence of difference;
near resemblance; correspondence; similarity; as, a <i>sameness</i> of
person, of manner, of sound, of appearance, and the like.</def> "A
<i>sameness</i> of the terms." <i>Bp. Horsley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, want of variety; tedious
monotony.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Identity; identicalness; oneness.</p>

<p><hw>Sa*mette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Samite</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa"mi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Samius</i>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to the island of Samos.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fill high the cup with <i>Samian</i> wine.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Samian earth</b></col>, <cd>a species of clay from Samos,
formerly used in medicine as an astringent.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sa"mi*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant
of Samos.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"mi*el</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk. <i>sam-
yeli</i>; Ar. <i>samm</i> poison + Turk. <i>yel</i> wind. Cf.
<u>Simoom</u>.] <def>A hot and destructive wind that sometimes blows,
in Turkey, from the desert. It is identical with the <i>simoom</i> of
Arabia and the <i>kamsin</i> of Syria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"mi*ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>samiote</i>.] <def>Samian.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1273 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Sa"mite</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>samit</i>, LL.
<i>samitum</i>, <i>examitum</i>, from LGr. &?;, &?; woven with six
threads; Gr. &?; six + &?; a thread. See <u>Six</u>, and cf.
<u>Dimity</u>.] <def>A species of silk stuff, or taffeta, generally
interwoven with gold.</def> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In silken <i>samite</i> she was light
arrayed.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sam"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Salmonet</u>.]
<def>The parr.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sam"mi*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A machine for
pressing the water from skins in tanning.</def> <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*mo"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the Samoan Islands (formerly called Navigators' Islands) in the
South Pacific Ocean, or their inhabitants.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inhabitant of the Samoan
Islands.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa"mo*var</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ.
<i>samovar'</i>.] <def>A metal urn used in Russia for making tea. It
is filled with water, which is heated by charcoal placed in a pipe,
with chimney attached, which passes through the urn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sam`oy*edes"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Samoyede</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>An
ignorant and degraded Turanian tribe which occupies a portion of
Northern Russia and a part of Siberia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Samp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From American Indian
<i>s&amacr;pac</i>, <i>saupac</i>, made soft, or thinned.] <def>An
article of food consisting of maize broken or bruised, which is cooked
by boiling, and usually eaten with milk; coarse hominy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sam"pan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
Chinese boat from twelve to fifteen feet long, covered with a house,
and sometimes used as a permanent habitation on the inland
waters.</def> [Written also <i>sanpan</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sam"phire</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. l'herbe
de <i>Saint Pierre</i>. See <u>Saint</u>, and <u>Petrel</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A fleshy, suffrutescent,
umbelliferous European plant (<i>Crithmum maritimum</i>). It grows
among rocks and on cliffs along the seacoast, and is used for
pickles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hangs one that gathers <i>samphire</i>, dreadful
trade!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The species of glasswort (<i>Salicornia
herbacea</i>); -- called in England <i>marsh samphire</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A seashore shrub (<i>Borrichia
arborescens</i>) of the West Indies.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Golden samphire</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Golden</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sam"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sample</i>,
<i>asaumple</i>, OF. <i>essample</i>, <i>example</i>, fr. L.
<i>exemplum</i>. See <u>Example</u>, and cf. <u>Ensample</u>,
<u>Sampler</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Example; pattern.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i> "A <i>sample</i> to the youngest."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus he concludes, and every hardy knight<BR>
His <i>sample</i> followed.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A part of anything presented for
inspection, or shown as evidence of the quality of the whole; a
specimen; as, goods are often purchased by <i>samples</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I design this but for a <i>sample</i> of what I hope
more fully to discuss.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Specimen; example. See <u>Specimen</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sam"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make or show something similar to; to match.</def> <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take or to test a sample or samples of;
as, to <i>sample</i> sugar, teas, wools, cloths.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sam"pler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Exampler</u>,
<u>Exemplar</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who makes up samples for
inspection; one who examines samples, or by samples; as, a wool
<i>sampler</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pattern; a specimen; especially, a
collection of needlework patterns, as letters, borders, etc., to be
used as samples, or to display the skill of the worker.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Susie dear, bring your <i>sampler</i> and Mrs. Schumann
will show you how to make that W you bothered over.</blockquote> <i>E.
E. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sam"shoo</hw>, <hw>Sam"shu</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Chinese <i>san-shao</i> thrice fired.] <def>A spirituous liquor
distilled by the Chinese from the yeasty liquor in which boiled rice
has fermented under pressure.</def> <i>S. W. Williams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sam"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An Israelite of
Bible record (see <i>Judges xiii.</i>), distinguished for his great
strength; hence, a man of extraordinary physical strength.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Samson post</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<cd>A strong post resting on the keelson, and supporting a beam of the
deck; also, a temporary or movable pillar carrying a leading block or
pulley for various purposes.</cd> <i>Brande & C.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In deep-well boring, the post which supports
the walking beam of the apparatus.</cd></p>

<p><hw>San`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being sanable; sanableness; curableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sanabilis</i>,
fr. <i>sanare</i> to heal, fr. <i>sanus</i> sound, healthy. See
<u>Sane</u>.] <def>Capable of being healed or cured; susceptible of
remedy.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Remediable; curable; healable.</p>

<p><hw>San"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being sanable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sanatio</i>.
See <u>Sanable</u>.] <def>The act of healing or curing.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>San"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>sanativus</i>.] <def>Having the power to cure or heal; healing;
tending to heal; sanatory.</def> -- <wf>San"a*tive*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>San`a*to"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Sanatory</u>.] <def>An establishment for the treatment of the sick;
a resort for invalids. See <u>Sanitarium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>sanatorius</i>, fr. L. <i>sanare</i> to heal. See <u>Sanable</u>.]
<def>Conducive to health; tending to cure; healing; curative;
sanative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sanatory</i> ordinances for the protection of public
health, such as quarantine, fever hospitals, draining,
etc.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sanatory</i> and <i>sanitary</i> should not be
confounded. <i>Sanatory</i> signifies <i>conducive to health</i>,
while <i>sanitary</i> has the more general meaning of <i>pertaining to
health</i>.</p>

<p><hw>||San`be*ni"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. & Pg.
<i>sambenito</i>, contr. from L. <i>saccus</i> sack +
<i>benedictus</i> blessed.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anciently, a
sackcloth coat worn by penitents on being reconciled to the
church.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A garnment or cap, or sometimes both,
painted with flames, figures, etc., and worn by persons who had been
examined by the Inquisition and were brought forth for punishment at
the auto-da-f&eacute;.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sance"-bell`</hw> (?), <hw>Sanc"te bell`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <i>Sanctus bell</i>, under
<u>Sanctus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sanc"ti*fi*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sanctificatus</i>, p. p. of <i>sanctificare</i>.] <def>To
sanctify.</def> [Obs.] <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sanc`ti*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sanctificatio</i>: cf. F. <i>sanctification</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of sanctifying or making holy; the
state of being sanctified or made holy;</def> esp. <i>(Theol.)</i>,
<def>the act of God's grace by which the affections of men are
purified, or alienated from sin and the world, and exalted to a
supreme love to God; also, the state of being thus purified or
sanctified.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God hath from the beginning chosen you to salvation
through <i>sanctification</i> of the Spirit and belief of the
truth.</blockquote> <i>2 Thess. ii. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of consecrating, or of setting
apart for a sacred purpose; consecration.</def> <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sanc"ti*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made holy;
also, made to have the air of sanctity; sanctimonious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sanc"ti*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
sanctifies, or makes holy; specifically, the Holy Spirit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sanc"ti*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sanctified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sanctifying</u> (?).] [F. <i>sanctifier</i>, L.
<i>sanctificare</i>; <i>sanctus</i> holy + <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.)
to make. See <u>Saint</u>, and <u>-fy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make sacred or holy; to set apart to a holy or religious use; to
consecrate by appropriate rites; to hallow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God blessed the seventh day and <i>sanctified</i>
it.</blockquote> <i>Gen. ii. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Moses . . . <i>sanctified</i> Aaron and his
garments.</blockquote> <i>Lev. viii. 30.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make free from sin; to cleanse from
moral corruption and pollution; to purify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sanctify</i> them through thy truth.</blockquote>
<i>John xvii. 17.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make efficient as the means of holiness;
to render productive of holiness or piety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A means which his mercy hath <i>sanctified</i> so to me
as to make me repent of that unjust act.</blockquote> <i>Eikon
Basilike.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To impart or impute sacredness,
venerableness, inviolability, title to reverence and respect, or the
like, to; to secure from violation; to give sanction to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The holy man, amazed at what he saw,<BR>
Made haste to <i>sanctify</i> the bliss by law.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Truth guards the poet, <i>sanctifies</i> the
line.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sanc"ti*fy`ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
manner or degree tending to sanctify or make holy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sanc*til"o*quent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sanctus</i> holy + <i>loquens</i>, p. pr. of <i>loqui</i> to
speak.] <def>Discoursing on heavenly or holy things, or in a holy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sanc`ti*mo"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>sanctimonialis</i>. ] <def>Sanctimonious.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sanc`ti*mo"ni*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sanctimony</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Possessing sanctimony;
holy; sacred; saintly.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Making a show of sanctity; affecting
saintliness; hypocritically devout or pious.</def> "Like the
<i>sanctimonious</i> pirate." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sanc`ti*mo"ni*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sanc`ti*mo"ni*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sanc"ti*mo*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sanctimonia</i>, fr. <i>sanctus</i> holy: cf. OF.
<i>sanctimonie</i>. See <u>Saint</u>.] <def>Holiness; devoutness;
scrupulous austerity; sanctity; especially, outward or artificial
saintliness; assumed or pretended holiness; hypocritical
devoutness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her pretense is a pilgrimage; . . . which holy
undertaking with most austere <i>sanctimony</i> she
accomplished.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sanc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sanctio</i>,
from <i>sancire</i>, <i>sanctum</i> to render sacred or inviolable, to
fix unalterably: cf. F. <i>sanction</i>. See <u>Saint</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Solemn or ceremonious ratification; an
official act of a superior by which he ratifies and gives validity to
the act of some other person or body; establishment or furtherance of
anything by giving authority to it; confirmation;
approbation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The strictest professors of reason have added the
<i>sanction</i> of their testimony.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything done or said to enforce the will,
law, or authority of another; as, legal <i>sanctions</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Ratification; authorization; authority; countenance;
support.</p>

<p><hw>Sanc"tion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sanctioned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sanctioning</u>.] <def>To give sanction to; to ratify; to confirm;
to approve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Would have counseled, or even <i>sanctioned</i>, such
perilous experiments.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To ratify; confirm; authorize; countenance.</p>

<p><hw>Sanc"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or giving, sanction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sanc"ti*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sanctitudo</i>.] <def>Holiness; sacredness; sanctity.</def> [R.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sanc"ti*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sanctities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>sanctitas</i>, from
<i>sanctus</i> holy. See <u>Saint</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
state or quality of being sacred or holy; holiness; saintliness; moral
purity; godliness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>sanctity</i> she made no pretense, and, indeed,
narrowly escaped the imputation of irreligion.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sacredness; solemnity; inviolability;
religious binding force; as, the <i>sanctity</i> of an oath.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A saint or holy being.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>About him all the <i>sanctities</i> of
heaven.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Holiness; godliness; piety; devotion; goodness;
purity; religiousness; sacredness; solemnity. See the Note under
<u>Religion</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sanc"tu*a*rize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
shelter by means of a sanctuary or sacred privileges.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sanc"tu*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sanctuaries</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>seintuarie</i>, OF.
<i>saintuaire</i>, F. <i>sanctuaire</i>, fr. L. <i>sanctuarium</i>,
from <i>sanctus</i> sacred, holy. See <u>Saint</u>.] <def>A sacred
place; a consecrated spot; a holy and inviolable site.</def> Hence,
specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The most retired part of the
temple at Jerusalem, called the <i>Holy of Holies</i>, in which was
kept the ark of the covenant, and into which no person was permitted
to enter except the high priest, and he only once a year, to intercede
for the people; also, the most sacred part of the tabernacle; also,
the temple at Jerusalem.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>The most sacred part of any religious building, esp. that part of
a Christian church in which the altar is placed.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A house consecrated to the worship of God; a
place where divine service is performed; a church, temple, or other
place of worship.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A sacred and
inviolable asylum; a place of refuge and protection; shelter; refuge;
protection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These laws, whoever made them, bestowed on temples the
privilege of <i>sanctuary.</i></blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The admirable works of painting were made fuel for the
fire; but some relics of it took <i>sanctuary</i> under ground, and
escaped the common destiny.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sanc"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., p. p. of
<i>sancire</i> to consecrate.] <def>A sacred place; hence, a place of
retreat; a room reserved for personal use; as, an editor's
<i>sanctum</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Sanctum sanctorum</b></col> [L.], <cd>the Holy of Holies;
the most holy place, as in the Jewish temple.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sanc"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sanctus</i>, p.
p. of <i>sancire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A part
of the Mass, or, in Protestant churches, a part of the communion
service, of which the first words in Latin are <i>Sanctus, sanctus,
sanctus</i> [Holy, holy, holy]; -- called also
<i>Tersanctus</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An anthem composed for these
words.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sanctus bell</b></col>, <cd>a small bell usually suspended
in a bell cot at the apex of the nave roof, over the chancel arch, in
medi&aelig;val churches, but a hand bell is now often used; -- so
called because rung at the singing of the <i>sanctus</i>, at the
conclusion of the ordinary of the Mass, and again at the elevation of
the host. Called also <i>Mass bell</i>, <i>sacring bell</i>,
<i>saints' bell</i>, <i>sance-bell</i>, <i>sancte bell</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sand</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sand</i>; akin to
D. <i>zand</i>, G. <i>sand</i>, OHG. <i>sant</i>, Icel. <i>sandr</i>,
Dan. & Sw. <i>sand</i>, Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fine
particles of stone, esp. of siliceous stone, but not reduced to dust;
comminuted stone in the form of loose grains, which are not coherent
when wet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That finer matter, called <i>sand</i>, is no other than
very small pebbles.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A single particle of such stone.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The sand in the hourglass; hence, a moment
or interval of time; the term or extent of one's life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sands</i> are numbered that make up my
life.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Tracts of land consisting of
sand, like the deserts of Arabia and Africa; also, extensive tracts of
sand exposed by the ebb of the tide.</def> "The Libyan <i>sands</i>."
<i>Milton.</i> "The <i>sands</i> o' Dee." <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Courage; pluck; grit.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>Sand badger</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the Japanese
badger (<i>Meles ankuma</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Sand bag</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A bag filled with sand or earth, used for
various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by
assassins.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand ball</b></col>, <cd>soap mixed with
sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand
bath</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>A vessel of hot
sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are
partially immersed</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A bath in which the
body is immersed in hot sand.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand bed</b></col>,
<cd>a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or
artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten
metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace.</cd> --
<col><b>Sand birds</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a collective
name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers,
plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also <i>shore
birds</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand blast</b></col>, <cd>a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand box</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with
sand</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand-box tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
tropical American tree (<i>Hura crepitans</i>). Its fruit is a
depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts
with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Regma</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand bug</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>an American anomuran crustacean (<i>Hippa talpoidea</i>) which
burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen.
See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Anomura</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand
canal</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a tubular vessel having a
calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the
madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function.</cd> --
<col><b>Sand cock</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
redshank.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Sand collar</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Sand saucer</i>, below.</cd> --
<col><b>Sand crab</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The lady crab.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A land crab, or
ocypodian.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand crack</b></col> <i>(Far.)</i>, <cd>a
crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's
hoof, which often causes lameness.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand
cricket</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species
of large terrestrial crickets of the genus <i>Stenophelmatus</i> and
allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United
States.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand cusk</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any ophidioid fish. See <u>Illust.</u> under
<u>Ophidioid</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand dab</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small American flounder (<i>Limanda
ferruginea</i>); -- called also <i>rusty dab</i>. The name is also
applied locally to other allied species.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand
darter</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small etheostomoid fish of
the Ohio valley (<i>Ammocrypta pellucida</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Sand
dollar</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species
of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms,
especially <i>Echinarachnius parma</i> of the American coast.</cd> --
<col><b>Sand drift</b></col>, <cd>drifting sand; also, a mound or bank
of drifted sand.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand eel</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A lant, or launce</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus
<i>Gonorhynchus</i>, having barbels about the mouth.</cd> --
<col><b>Sand flag</b></col>, <cd>sandstone which splits up into
flagstones.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand flea</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds
in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The chigoe</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See <i>Beach
flea</i>, under <u>Beach</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand flood</b></col>,
<cd>a vast body of sand borne along by the wind.</cd> <i>James
Bruce.</i> -- <col><b>Sand fluke</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The sandnecker</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>The European smooth dab (<i>Pleuronectes microcephalus</i>); --
called also <i>kitt</i>, <i>marysole</i>, <i>smear dab</i>, <i>town
dab</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus
<i>Simulium</i>, abounding on sandy shores, especially <i>Simulium
nocivum</i> of the United States. They are very troublesome on account
of their biting habits. Called also <i>no-see-um</i>, <i>punky</i>,
and <i>midge</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand gall</b></col>. <i>(Geol.)</i>
<cd>See <i>Sand pipe</i>, below.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand grass</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any species of grass which grows in sand;
especially, a tufted grass (<i>Triplasis purpurea</i>) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast.</cd> <! p. 1274 pr=PCP !> -- <col><b>Sand grouse</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of many species of Old World birds
belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and
pigeons. Called also <i>rock grouse</i>, <i>rock pigeon</i>, and
<i>ganga</i>. They mostly belong to the genus <i>Pterocles</i>, as the
common Indian species (<i>P. exustus</i>). The large sand grouse
(<i>P. arenarius</i>), the painted sand grouse (<i>P. fasciatus</i>),
and the pintail sand grouse (<i>P. alchata</i>) are also found in
India. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Pterocletes</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sand hill</b></col>, <cd>a hill of sand; a dune.</cd> --
<col><b>Sand-hill crane</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
American brown crane (<i>Grus Mexicana</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Sand
hopper</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a beach flea; an
orchestian.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand hornet</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a sand wasp.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand lark</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A small lark (<i>Alaudala
raytal</i>), native of India</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A small
sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common
European sandpiper</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>The Australian red-
capped dotterel (<i>&AElig;gialophilus ruficapillus</i>); -- called
also <i>red-necked plover</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand launce</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a lant, or launce.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand
lizard</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a common European lizard
(<i>Lacerta agilis</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Sand martin</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the bank swallow.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand
mole</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the coast rat.</cd> --
<col><b>Sand monitor</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large
Egyptian lizard (<i>Monitor arenarius</i>) which inhabits dry
localities.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand mouse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the dunlin.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Sand myrtle</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Myrtle</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand
partridge</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>either of two small
Asiatic partridges of the genus <i>Ammoperdix</i>. The wings are long
and the tarsus is spurless. One species (<i>A. Heeji</i>) inhabits
Palestine and Arabia. The other species (<i>A. Bonhami</i>),
inhabiting Central Asia, is called also <i>seesee partridge</i>, and
<i>teehoo</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand picture</b></col>, <cd>a picture
made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface.</cd>
-- <col><b>Sand pike</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The sauger</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The
lizard fish.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand pillar</b></col>, <cd>a sand storm
which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert
tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand
pipe</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>a tubular cavity, from a few inches
to several feet in depth, occurring especially in calcareous rocks,
and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also <i>sand
gall</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand pride</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a small British lamprey now considered to be the young of larger
species; -- called also <i>sand prey</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand
pump</b></col>, <cd>in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket
with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well.</cd> --
<col><b>Sand rat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the pocket
gopher.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand rock</b></col>, <cd>a rock made of
cemented sand.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand runner</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the turnstone.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand
saucer</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the mass of egg capsules, or
o&ouml;thec&aelig;, of any mollusk of the genus <i>Natica</i> and
allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated
with fine sand; -- called also <i>sand collar</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sand screw</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an amphipod
crustacean (<i>Lepidactylis arenarius</i>), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand shark</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an American shark (<i>Odontaspis
littoralis</i>) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United
States; -- called also <i>gray shark</i>, and <i>dogfish shark</i>.
See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Remora</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand
skink</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of
Old World lizards belonging to the genus <i>Seps</i>; as, the
ocellated <i>sand skink</i> (<i>Seps ocellatus</i>) of Southern
Europe.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand skipper</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a beach flea, or orchestian.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand smelt</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a silverside.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand
snake</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any one
of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus
<i>Eryx</i>, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially
<i>E. jaculus</i> of India and <i>E. Johnii</i>, used by snake
charmers.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus <i>Psammophis</i>, especially <i>P.
sibilans</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand snipe</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the sandpiper.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand
star</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an ophiurioid starfish living
on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand
storm</b></col>, <cd>a cloud of sand driven violently by the
wind.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand sucker</b></col>, <cd>the sandnecker.</cd>
-- <col><b>Sand swallow</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the bank
swallow. See under <u>Bank</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand tube</b></col>,
<cd>a tube made of sand.</cd> Especially: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a
fulgurite</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Any tube
made of cemented sand.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall,
which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate.</cd> --
<col><b>Sand viper</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Hognose
snake</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand wasp</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to
the families <i>Pompilid&aelig;</i> and <i>Spherid&aelig;</i>, which
dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or
spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for
her young.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sand</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sanded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sanding</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sprinkle or cover with
sand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To drive upon the sand.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bury (oysters) beneath drifting sand or
mud.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To mix with sand for purposes of fraud; as,
to <i>sand</i> sugar.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p> </p>

<p><hw>San"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Sendal</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sails of silk and ropes of <i>sandal</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>San"dal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sandalwood.</def> "Fans
of <i>sandal</i>." <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>San"dal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sandale</i>, L.
<i>sandalium</i>, Gr. &?;, dim. of &?;, probably from Per.
<i>sandal</i>.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A kind of shoe consisting of
a sole strapped to the foot; a protection for the foot, covering its
lower surface, but not its upper.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
kind of slipper.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An overshoe with
parallel openings across the instep.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"daled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Wearing sandals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The measured footfalls of his <i>sandaled</i>
feet.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Made like a sandal.</def></p>

<p><hw>San*dal"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sandal</i> +
<i>-form</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Shaped like a sandal or
slipper.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"dal*wood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sandal</i>,
<i>santal</i>, fr. Ar. <i>&ccedil;andal</i>, or Gr.
<grk>sa`ntalon</grk>; both ultimately fr. Skr. <i>candana</i>. Cf.
<u>Sanders</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The highly
perfumed yellowish heartwood of an East Indian and Polynesian tree
(<i>Santalum album</i>), and of several other trees of the same genus,
as the Hawaiian <i>Santalum Freycinetianum</i> and <i>S.
pyrularium</i>, the Australian <i>S. latifolium</i>, etc. The name is
extended to several other kinds of fragrant wood.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any tree of the genus <i>Santalum</i>, or a
tree which yields sandalwood.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The red
wood of a kind of buckthorn, used in Russia for dyeing leather
(<i>Rhamnus Dahuricus</i>).</def></p>

<p><col><b>False sandalwood</b></col>, <cd>the fragrant wood of
several trees not of the genus <i>Santalum</i>, as <i>Ximenia
Americana</i>, <i>Myoporum tenuifolium</i> of Tahiti.</cd> --
<col><b>Red sandalwood</b></col>, <cd>a heavy, dark red dyewood, being
the heartwood of two leguminous trees of India (<i>Pterocarpus
santalinus</i>, and <i>Adenanthera pavonina</i>); -- called also
<i>red sanderswood</i>, <i>sanders</i> or <i>saunders</i>, and
<i>rubywood</i>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>San"da*rach</hw>, <hw>San"da*rac</hw> }, (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sandaraca</i>, Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Realgar; red sulphide of
arsenic.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot. Chem.)</i> <def>A white or yellow resin
obtained from a Barbary tree (<i>Callitris quadrivalvis</i> or
<i>Thuya articulata</i>), and pulverized for pounce; -- probably so
called from a resemblance to the mineral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sand"bag`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An assaulter
whose weapon is a sand bag. See <i>Sand bag</i>, under
<u>Sand</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sand"-blind`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [For <i>sam
blind</i> half blind; AS. <i>s&amacr;m-</i> half (akin to <i>semi-
</i>) + <i>blind</i>.] <def>Having defective sight; dim-sighted;
purblind.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sand"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Covered or sprinkled with sand; sandy; barren.</def>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Marked with small spots; variegated with
spots; speckled; of a sandy color, as a hound.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Short-sighted.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>San`de*ma"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>A follower of Robert <i>Sandeman</i>, a Scotch sectary
of the eighteenth century. See <u>Glassite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>San`de*ma"ni*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
faith or system of the Sandemanians.</def> <i>A. Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>San"der*ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sand</i> + <i>-
ling</i>. So called because it obtains its food by searching the moist
sands of the seashore.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small gray and
brown sandpiper (<i>Calidris arenaria</i>) very common on sandy
beaches in America, Europe, and Asia. Called also <i>curwillet</i>,
<i>sand lark</i>, <i>stint</i>, and <i>ruddy plover</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"ders</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sandal</u>.]
<def>An old name of sandalwood, now applied only to the red
sandalwood. See under <u>Sandalwood</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"ders-blue"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Saunders-blue</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"de*ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sandiver</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sand"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small marine fish of the Pacific coast of North America
(<i>Trichodon trichodon</i>) which buries itself in the
sand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sand"glass`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An instrument
for measuring time by the running of sand. See
<u>Hourglass</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sand"hill`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A nickname
given to any "poor white" living in the pine woods which cover the
sandy hills in Georgia and South Carolina.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sand"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sandy, or of being of a sandy color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sand"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Approaching the nature
of sand; loose; not compact.</def> [Obs.] <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>San"di*ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. fr. OF.
<i>sa&iuml;n</i> grease, fat + <i>de</i> of + <i>verre</i> glass (cf.
<u>Saim</u>), or fr. F. <i>sel de verre</i> sandiver.] <def>A whitish
substance which is cast up, as a scum, from the materials of glass in
fusion, and, floating on the top, is skimmed off; -- called also
<i>glass gall</i>.</def> [Formerly written also <i>sandever</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||San"dix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sandix</i>,
<i>sandyx</i>, vermilion, or a color like vermilion, Gr. &?;, &?;.]
<def>A kind of minium, or red lead, made by calcining carbonate of
lead, but inferior to true minium.</def> [Written also <i>sandyx</i>.]
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sand"man`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mythical person
who makes children sleepy, so that they rub their eyes as if there
were sand in them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sand"neck`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A European flounder (<i>Hippoglossoides limandoides</i>); --
called also <i>rough dab</i>, <i>long fluke</i>, <i>sand fluke</i>,
and <i>sand sucker</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sand"pa`per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Paper covered
on one side with sand glued fast, -- used for smoothing and
polishing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sand"pa`per</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To smooth or
polish with sandpaper; as, to <i>sandpaper</i> a door.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sand"pi`per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of small
limicoline game birds belonging to <i>Tringa</i>, <i>Actodromas</i>,
<i>Ereunetes</i>, and various allied genera of the family
<i>Tringid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The most important North American species are the pectoral
sandpiper (<i>Tringa maculata</i>), called also <i>brownback</i>,
<i>grass snipe</i>, and <i>jacksnipe</i>; the red-backed, or black-
breasted, sandpiper, or dunlin (<i>T. alpina</i>); the purple
sandpiper (<i>T. maritima</i>: the red-breasted sandpiper, or knot
(<i>T. canutus</i>); the semipalmated sandpiper (<i>Ereunetes
pusillus</i>); the spotted sandpiper, or teeter-tail (<i>Actitis
macularia</i>); the buff-breasted sandpiper (<i>Tryngites
subruficollis</i>), and the Bartramian sandpiper, or upland plover.
See under <u>Upland</u>. Among the European species are the dunlin,
the knot, the ruff, the sanderling, and the common sandpiper
(<i>Actitis, or Tringoides, hypoleucus</i>), called also
<i>fiddler</i>, <i>peeper</i>, <i>pleeps</i>, <i>weet-weet</i>, and
<i>summer snipe</i>. Some of the small plovers and tattlers are also
called <i>sandpipers</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small lamprey eel;
the pride.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Curlew sandpiper</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Curlew</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Stilt sandpiper</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Stilt</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sand"pit`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pit or
excavation from which sand is or has been taken.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"dre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A Russian fish (<i>Lucioperca sandre</i>) which yields a valuable
oil, called <i>sandre oil</i>, used in the preparation of
caviare.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sand"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rock made of
sand more or less firmly united. Common or siliceous sandstone
consists mainly of quartz sand.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Different names are applied to the various kinds of
sandstone according to their composition; as, <i>granitic</i>,
<i>argillaceous</i>, <i>micaceous</i>, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Flexible sandstone</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>the finer-
grained variety of itacolumite, which on account of the scales of mica
in the lamination is quite flexible.</cd> -- <col><b>Red
sandstone</b></col>, <cd>a name given to two extensive series of
British rocks in which red sandstones predominate, one below, and the
other above, the coal measures. These were formerly known as the
<i>Old</i> and the <i>New Red Sandstone</i> respectively, and the
former name is still retained for the group preceding the Coal and
referred to the Devonian age, but the term <i>New Red Sandstone</i> is
now little used, some of the strata being regarded as Permian and the
remained as Triassic. See the <i>Chart</i> of <u>Geology</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sand"wich</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named from the
Earl of <i>Sandwich</i>.] <def>Two pieces of bread and butter with a
thin slice of meat, cheese, or the like, between them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sand"wich</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sandwiched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sandwiching</u>.] <def>To make into a sandwich; also, figuratively,
to insert between portions of something dissimilar; to form of
alternate parts or things, or alternating layers of a different
nature; to interlard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sand"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any one of numerous species of annelids which
burrow in the sand of the seashore.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any
species of annelids of the genus <i>Sabellaria</i>. They construct
firm tubes of agglutinated sand on rocks and shells, and are sometimes
destructive to oysters.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The chigoe, a
species of flea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sand"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any plant of the genus <i>Arenaria</i>, low, tufted herbs (order
<i>Caryophyllace&aelig;</i>.)</def> </p>

<p><hw>Sand"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sandier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sandiest</u>.] [AS. <i>sandig</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of, abounding with, or resembling,
sand; full of sand; covered or sprinkled with sand; as, a <i>sandy</i>
desert, road, or soil.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of the color of sand; of a light yellowish
red color; as, <i>sandy</i> hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>||San"dyx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>See
<u>Sandix</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sane</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sanus</i>; cf. Gr.
&?;, &?;, safe, sound. Cf. <u>Sound</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being in a healthy condition; not deranged;
acting rationally; -- said of the mind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mentally sound; possessing a rational mind;
having the mental faculties in such condition as to be able to
anticipate and judge of the effect of one's actions in an ordinary
maner; -- said of persons.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sound; healthy; underanged; unbroken.</p>

<p><hw>Sane"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
sane; sanity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sang</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Sing</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||San"ga</hw> (?), <hw>San"gu</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Abyssinian ox
(<i>Bos or Bibos, Africanus</i>), noted for the great length of its
horns. It has a hump on its back.</def></p>

<p><hw>San`ga*ree"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>sangria</i>,
lit., bleeding, from <i>sangre</i>, blood, L. <i>sanguis</i>.]
<def>Wine and water sweetened and spiced, -- a favorite West Indian
drink.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sang`-froid"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., cold blood.]
<def>Freedom from agitation or excitement of mind; coolness in trying
circumstances; indifference; calmness.</def> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>San"gi*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sanjak</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>San`graal"</hw> (?), <hw>San"gre*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Saint</u>, and <u>Grail</u>.] <def>See
<i>Holy Grail</i>, under <u>Grail</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>San*guif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sanguis</i> blood + <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Conveying blood; as, <i>sanguiferous</i> vessels, <i>i. e.</i>,
the arteries, veins, capillaries.</def></p>

<p><hw>San`gui*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sanguification</i>. See <u>Sanguify</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>The production of blood; the conversion of the products of
digestion into blood; hematosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"gui*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A producer of
blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>San*guif"lu*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sanguis</i> blood + <i>fluere</i> to flow.] <def>Flowing or running
with blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"gui*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>sanguis</i>
blood + <i>-fy</i>: cf. F. <i>sanguifier</i>.] <def>To produce blood
from.</def></p>

<p><hw>San*guig"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sanguis</i> + <i>-genous</i>.] <def>Producing blood; as,
<i>sanguigenous</i> food.</def></p>

<p><hw>San`gui*na"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Of a
blood-red color; sanguine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||San`gui*na"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Sanguinary</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> & <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants of the Poppy
family.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sanguinaria Canadensis</i>, or bloodroot, is the only
species. It has a perennial rootstock, which sends up a few roundish
lobed leaves and solitary white blossoms in early spring. See
<u>Bloodroot</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The rootstock of the bloodroot, used in
medicine as an emetic, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"gui*na*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
sanguinary manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"gui*na*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being sanguinary.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"gui*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sanguinarius</i>, fr. <i>sanguis</i> blood: cf. F.
<i>sanguinaire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Attended with much
bloodshed; bloody; murderous; as, a <i>sanguinary</i> war, contest, or
battle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We may not propagate religion by wars, or by
<i>sanguinary</i> persecutions to force consciences.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bloodthirsty; cruel; eager to shed
blood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Passion . . . makes us brutal and
<i>sanguinary</i>.</blockquote> <i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Bloody; murderous; bloodthirsty; cruel.</p>

<p><hw>San"gui*na*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>herba
sanguinaria</i> an herb that stanches blood: cf. F.
<i>sanguinaire</i>. See <u>Sanguinary</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The yarrow.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The Sanguinaria.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1275 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>San"guine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>sanguin</i>, L.
<i>sanguineus</i>, fr. <i>sanguis</i> blood. Cf. <u>Sanguineous</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the color of blood; red.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of his complexion he was <i>sanguine</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Like to that <i>sanguine</i> flower inscribed with
woe.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by abundance and active
circulation of blood; as, a <i>sanguine</i> bodily
temperament.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Warm; ardent; as, a <i>sanguine</i>
temper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Anticipating the best; not desponding;
confident; full of hope; as, <i>sanguine</i> of success.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Warm; ardent; lively; confident; hopeful.</p>

<p><hw>San"guine</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Blood color; red.</def> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything of a blood-red color, as
cloth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>sanguine</i> and in pes he clad was
all.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Bloodstone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Red crayon. See the Note under
<u>Crayon</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"guine</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To stain with
blood; to impart the color of blood to; to ensanguine.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"guine*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
blood; pale.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>San"guine*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sanguine
manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I can not speculate quite so <i>sanguinely</i> as he
does.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>San"guine*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being sanguine.</def></p>

<p><hw>San*guin"e*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sanguineus</i>. See <u>Sanguine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Abounding with blood; sanguine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to blood; bloody;
constituting blood.</def> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Blood-red; crimson.</def> <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>san*guin"i*ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being sanguine; sanguineness.</def> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>San"gui*niv"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sanguis + vorare</i> to devour.] <def>Subsisting on
blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>San*guin"o*len*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being sanguinolent, or bloody.</def></p>

<p><hw>San*guin"o*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sanguinolentus</i>, from <i>sanguis</i> blood: cf. F.
<i>sanguinolent</i>.] <def>Tinged or mingled with blood; bloody; as,
<i>sanguinolent</i> sputa.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"gui*suge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sanguisuga</i>; <i>sanguis</i> blood + <i>sugere</i> to suck.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bloodsucker, or leech.</def></p>

<p><hw>San*guiv"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sanguis</i> blood + <i>vorare</i> to devour.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Subsisting upon blood; -- said of certain blood-sucking bats and
other animals. See <u>Vampire</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>San"he*drin</hw> (?), <hw>San"he*drim</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb. <i>sanhedr&imacr;n</i>, fr. Gr. &?;; &?;
with + &?; a seat, fr. &?; to sit. See <u>Sit</u>.] <i>(Jewish
Antiq.)</i> <def>the great council of the Jews, which consisted of
seventy members, to whom the high priest was added. It had
jurisdiction of religious matters.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"he*drist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of
the sanhedrin.</def> <i>Schaeffer (Lange's Com.).</i></p>

<p><hw>||San"hi*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>samhita</i>, properly, combination.] <def>A collection of vedic
hymns, songs, or verses, forming the first part of each
Veda.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"i*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from L.
<i>sanare</i> to heal.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the
umbelliferous genus <i>Sanicula</i>, reputed to have healing
powers.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"i*dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. &?;, a
board. So called in allusion to the tabular crystals.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A variety of orthoclase feldspar common in certain eruptive
rocks, as trachyte; -- called also <i>glassy feldspar</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa"ni*es</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A thin, serous fluid commonly discharged from ulcers or foul
wounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"ni*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>saniosus</i>,
fr. <i>sanies</i>: cf. F. <i>sanieux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pertaining to sanies, or partaking of its nature
and appearance; thin and serous, with a slight bloody tinge; as, the
<i>sanious</i> matter of an ulcer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(med.)</i> <def>Discharging sanies; as, a
<i>sanious</i> ulcer.</def></p>

<p><hw>San`i*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to health, or the laws of health; sanitary.</def></p>

<p><hw>San`i*ta"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An advocate of
sanitary measures; one especially interested or versed in sanitary
measures.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"i*ta*rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sanitarian.</def></p>

<p><hw>San`i*ta"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Sanitary</u>.] <def>A health station or retreat; a
sanatorium.</def> "A <i>sanitarium</i> for troops." <i>L.
Oliphant.</i></p>

<p><hw>San"i*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sanitas</i>
health: cf. F. <i>sanitaire</i>. See <u>Sanity</u>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to health; designed to secure or preserve health; relating
to the preservation or restoration of health; hygienic; as,
<i>sanitary</i> regulations. See the Note under
<u>Sanatory</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sanitary Commission</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Commission</u>.</cd> </p>

<p><hw>San`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
rendering sanitary; the science of sanitary conditions; the
preservation of health; the use of sanitary measures;
hygiene.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How much <i>sanitation</i> has advanced during the last
half century.</blockquote> <i>H. Hartshorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>San"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sanitas</i>,
from <i>sanus</i> sound, healthy. See <u>Sane</u>.] <def>The condition
or quality of being sane; soundness of health of body or mind,
especially of the mind; saneness.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"jak</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk.
<i>sanj&amacr;g</i>.] <def>A district or a subvision of a
vilayet.</def> [Turkey]</p>

<p><hw>Sank</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Sink</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sank"ha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>&ccedil;ankha</i> a shell.] <def>A chank shell (<i>Turbinella
pyrum</i>); also, a shell bracelet or necklace made in India from the
chank shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sankh"ya</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Hindoo system
of philosophy which refers all things to soul and a rootless germ
called <i>prakriti</i>, consisting of three elements, goodness,
passion, and darkness.</def> <i>Whitworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>San"nop</hw> (s&abreve;n"n&obreve;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Sannup</u>.</def> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>San"nup</hw> (-n&ubreve;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A male
Indian; a brave; -- correlative of <i>squaw</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The sandpiper.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sans</hw> (s&auml;n; E. s&abreve;nz), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos>
[F., from L. <i>sine</i> without.] <def>Without; deprived or destitute
of. Rarely used as an English word.</def> "<i>Sans</i> fail."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sans</i> teeth, <i>sans</i> eyes, <i>sans</i> taste,
<i>sans</i> everything.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>San"scrit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sanskrit</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sans`-cu`lotte"</hw> (F. &?;; E. &?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F., without breeches.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fellow without
breeches; a ragged fellow; -- a name of reproach given in the first
French revolution to the extreme republican party, who rejected
breeches as an emblem peculiar to the upper classes or aristocracy,
and adopted pantaloons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, an extreme or radical republican; a
violent revolutionist; a Jacobin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sans`-cu*lot"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or involving, sans-culottism; radical; revolutionary;
Jacobinical.</def> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sans`-cu*lot"tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sans-
culottisme</i>.] <def>Extreme republican principles; the principles or
practice of the <i>sans-culottes</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"skrit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>Samsk&rsdot;ta</i> the Sanskrit language, literally, the perfect,
polished, or classical language, fr. <i>samsk&rsdot;ta</i> prepared,
wrought, made, excellent, perfect; <i>sam</i> together (akin to E.
<i>same</i>) + <i>k&rsdot;ta</i> made. See <u>Same</u>,
<u>Create</u>.] [Written also <i>Sanscrit</i>.] <def>The ancient
language of the Hindoos, long since obsolete in vernacular use, but
preserved to the present day as the literary and sacred dialect of
India. It is nearly allied to the Persian, and to the principal
languages of Europe, classical and modern, and by its more perfect
preservation of the roots and forms of the primitive language from
which they are all descended, is a most important assistance in
determining their history and relations. Cf. <u>Prakrit</u>, and
<u>Veda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"skrit</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
Sanskrit; written in Sanskrit; as, a <i>Sanskrit</i> dictionary or
inscription.</def></p>

<p><hw>San*skrit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sanskrit.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"skrit*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed in
Sanskrit.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sans`-sou`ci"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Without care; free and easy.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sant</i>alum +
piperon<i>al</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless crystalline
substance, isomeric with piperonal, but having weak acid properties.
It is extracted from sandalwood.</def></p>

<p><hw>San`ta*la"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a natural order of plants
(<i>Santalace&aelig;</i>), of which the genus <i>Santalum</i> is the
type, and which includes the buffalo nut and a few other North
American plants, and many peculiar plants of the southern
hemisphere.</def></p>

<p><hw>San*tal"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or obtained from, sandalwood
(<i>Santalum</i>); -- used specifically to designate an acid obtained
as a resinous or red crystalline dyestuff, which is called also
<i>santalin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"ta*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>santaline</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Santalic acid. See
<u>Santalic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||San"ta*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Sandalwood</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of trees with entire
opposite leaves and small apetalous flowers. There are less than a
dozen species, occurring from India to Australia and the Pacific
Islands. See <u>Sandalwood</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>San`tees"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Santee</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>One of the
seven confederated tribes of Indians belonging to the Sioux, or
Dakotas.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Saunter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||San"ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>santon</i>,
augmented fr. <i>santo</i> holy, L. <i>sanctus</i>.] <def>A Turkish
saint; a kind of dervish, regarded by the people as a saint: also, a
hermit.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"to*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of santonic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>San*ton"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid (distinct from
santoninic acid) obtained from santonin as a white crystalline
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"to*nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>herba
santonica</i>, a kind of plant, fr. <i>Santoni</i> a people of
Aquitania; cf. Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>santonine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A white crystalline substance having a bitter taste, extracted
from the buds of levant wormseed and used as an anthelmintic. It
occassions a peculiar temporary color blindness, causing objects to
appear as if seen through a yellow glass.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"to*nin`ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of santoninic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>San`to*nin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to santonin; -- used specifically to designate
an acid not known in the free state, but obtained in its
salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa"o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any marine annelid of the genus <i>Hyalin&aelig;cia</i>,
especially <i>H. tubicola</i> of Europe, which inhabits a transparent
movable tube resembling a quill in color and texture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>s&aelig;p</i>; akin
to OHG. <i>saf</i>, G. <i>saft</i>, Icel. <i>safi</i>; of uncertain
origin; possibly akin to L. <i>sapere</i> to taste, to be wise,
<i>sapa</i> must or new wine boiled thick. Cf. <u>Sapid</u>,
<u>Sapient</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The juice of plants of any
kind, especially the ascending and descending juices or circulating
fluid essential to nutrition.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The ascending is the <i>crude</i> sap, the assimilation of
which takes place in the leaves, when it becomes the <i>elaborated</i>
sap suited to the growth of the plant.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sapwood, or alburnum, of a
tree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A simpleton; a saphead; a milksop.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>Sap ball</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any large fungus of
the genus Polyporus. See <u>Polyporus</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sap
green</b></col>, <cd>a dull light green pigment prepared from the
juice of the ripe berries of the <i>Rhamnus catharticus</i>, or
buckthorn. It is used especially by water-color artists.</cd> --
<col><b>Sap rot</b></col>, <cd>the dry rot. See under <u>Dry</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Sap sucker</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several species of small American woodpeckers of the genus
<i>Sphyrapicus</i>, especially the yellow-bellied woodpecker (<i>S.
varius</i>) of the Eastern United States. They are so named because
they puncture the bark of trees and feed upon the sap. The name is
loosely applied to other woodpeckers.</cd> -- <col><b>Sap
tube</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a vessel that conveys sap.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sap</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sapped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sapping</u>.] [F. <i>saper</i> (cf. Sp. <i>zapar</i>, It.
<i>zapare</i>), fr. <i>sape</i> a sort of scythe, LL. <i>sappa</i> a
sort of mattock.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To subvert by digging or
wearing away; to mine; to undermine; to destroy the foundation
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor safe their dwellings were, for <i>sapped</i> by
floods,<BR>
Their houses fell upon their household gods.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To pierce with
saps.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make unstable or infirm; to unsettle; to
weaken.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ring out the grief that <i>saps</i> the
mind.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sap</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To proceed by
mining, or by secretly undermining; to execute saps.</def> <i>W. P.
Craighill.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Both assaults are carried on by
<i>sapping</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sap</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A narrow
ditch or trench made from the foremost parallel toward the glacis or
covert way of a besieged place by digging under cover of gabions,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sap fagot</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a fascine about
three feet long, used in sapping, to close the crevices between the
gabions before the parapet is made.</cd> -- <col><b>Sap
roller</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a large gabion, six or seven feet
long, filled with fascines, which the sapper sometimes rolls along
before him for protection from the fire of an enemy.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sap`a*dil"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sapodila</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"a*jo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The sapajou.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"a*jou</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sapajou</i>,
<i>sajou</i>, Braz. <i>sajuassu</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one
of several species of South American monkeys of the genus
<i>Cebus</i>, having long and prehensile tails. Some of the species
are called also <i>capuchins</i>. The bonnet sapajou (<i>C.
subcristatus</i>), the golden-handed sapajou (<i>C. chrysopus</i>),
and the white-throated sapajou (<i>C. hypoleucus</i>) are well known
species. See <u>Capuchin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*pan" wood</hw> (?). [Malay <i>sapang</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A dyewood yielded by <i>C&aelig;salpinia Sappan</i>, a thorny
leguminous tree of Southern Asia and the neighboring islands. It is
the original Brazil wood.</def> [Written also <i>sappan wood</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sap"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding in sap;
sappy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A weak-minded,
stupid fellow; a milksop.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><hw>Sa*phe"nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; manifest.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Manifest; -- applied to the
two principal superficial veins of the lower limb of man.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of, pertaining to, or in the region of, the
saphenous veins; as, the <i>saphenous</i> nerves; the <i>saphenous</i>
opening, an opening in the broad fascia of the thigh through which the
internal saphenous vein passes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sapidus</i>, fr.
<i>sapere</i> to taste: cf. F. <i>sapide</i>. See <u>Sapient</u>,
<u>Savor</u>.] <def>Having the power of affecting the organs of taste;
possessing savor, or flavor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Camels, to make the water <i>sapid</i>, do raise the
mud with their feet.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*pid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sapidit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being sapid;
taste; savor; savoriness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether one kind of <i>sapidity</i> is more effective
than another.</blockquote> <i>M. S. Lamson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sap"id*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of being
sapid; sapidity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the Israelites fancied the <i>sapidness</i> and
relish of the fleshpots, they longed to taste and to
return.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"pi*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sapientia</i>:
cf. F. <i>sapience</i>. See <u>Sapient</u>..] <def>The quality of
being sapient; wisdom; sageness; knowledge.</def> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Woman, if I might sit beside your feet,<BR>
And glean your scattered <i>sapience</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"pi*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sapiens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>sapere</i> to taste, to have sense, to
know. See <u>Sage</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Wise; sage;
discerning; -- often in irony or contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where the <i>sapient</i> king<BR>
Held dalliance with his fair Egyptian spouse.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sage; sagacious; knowing; wise; discerning.</p>

<p><hw>Sa`pi*en"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sapientialis</i>.] <def>Having or affording wisdom.</def> --
<wf>Sa`pi*en"tial*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sapiential</i> books of the Old
[Testament].</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa`pi*en"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sapiential.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa"pi*ent*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
sapient.</def> [R.] <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"pi*ent*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sapient
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap`in*da"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to an order of trees and shrubs
(<i>Sapindace&aelig;</i>), including the (typical) genus Sapindus, the
maples, the margosa, and about seventy other genera.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa*pin"dus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>sapo</i> soap + <i>Indicus</i> Indian.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus
of tropical and subtropical trees with pinnate leaves and panicled
flowers. The fruits of some species are used instead of soap, and
their round black seeds are made into necklaces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Destitute of sap; not juicy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Dry; old; husky; withered;
spiritless.</def> "A somewhat <i>sapless</i> womanhood."
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now <i>sapless</i> on the verge of death he
stands.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>sap"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A young
tree.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sap`o*dil"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>zapote</i>,
<i>sapotillo</i>, <i>zapotillo</i>, Mexican <i>cochit-zapotl</i>. Cf.
<u>Sapota</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tall, evergeen, tropical American
tree (<i>Achras Sapota</i>); also, its edible fruit, the sapodilla
plum.</def> [Written also <i>sapadillo</i>, <i>sappadillo</i>,
<i>sappodilla</i>, and <i>zapotilla</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Sapodilla plum</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the fruit of
<i>Achras Sapota</i>. It is about the size of an ordinary quince,
having a rough, brittle, dull brown rind, the flesh being of a dirty
yellowish white color, very soft, and deliciously sweet. Called also
<i>naseberry</i>. It is eatable only when it begins to be spotted, and
is much used in desserts.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sa*pog"e*nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sapo</i>nin +
<i>-gen</i> + <i>-in</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white crystalline
substance obtained by the decomposition of saponin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap`o*na"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sapo</i>,
<i>-onis</i>, soap, of Teutonic origin, and akin to E. <i>soap</i>.
See <u>Soap</u>.] <def>Resembling soap; having the qualities of soap;
soapy.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Saponaceous</i> bodies are compounds of an acid and a
base, and are in reality a kind of salt.</p>

<p><! p. 1276 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Sap`o*nac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being saponaceous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"o*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Saponaceous.</def> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*pon*i*fi`a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of conversion into soap; as, a <i>saponifiable</i>
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*pon`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>saponification</i>. See <u>Saponify</u>.] <def>The act, process, or
result, of soap making; conversion into soap; specifically
<i>(Chem.)</i>, the decomposition of fats and other ethereal salts by
alkalies; as, the <i>saponification</i> of ethyl acetate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*pon"i*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>That which saponifies; any reagent used to cause
saponification.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*pon"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Saponified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Saponifying</u> (?).] [L. <i>sapo</i>, <i>-onis</i>,
soap + <i>-fy</i>: cf. F. <i>saponifier</i>.] <def>To convert into
soap, as tallow or any fat; hence <i>(Chem.)</i>, to subject to any
similar process, as that which ethereal salts undergo in
decomposition; as, to <i>saponify</i> ethyl acetate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"o*nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sapo</i>, <i>-
onis</i> soap: cf. F. <i>saponine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
poisonous glucoside found in many plants, as in the root of soapwort
(<i>Saponaria</i>), in the bark of soap bark (<i>Quillaia</i>), etc.
It is extracted as a white amorphous powder, which occasions a soapy
lather in solution, and produces a local an&aelig;sthesia. Formerly
called also <i>struthiin</i>, <i>quillaiin</i>, <i>senegin</i>,
<i>polygalic acid</i>, etc. By extension, any one of a group of
related bodies of which saponin proper is the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"o*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sw. <i>saponit</i>,
fr. L. <i>sapo</i>, <i>-onis</i>, soap.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hydrous
silicate of magnesia and alumina. It occurs in soft, soapy, amorphous
masses, filling veins in serpentine and cavities in trap
rock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"o*nul</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>saponule</i>,
fr. L. <i>sapo</i>, <i>-onis</i>, soap.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>A
soapy mixture obtained by treating an essential oil with an alkali;
hence, any similar compound of an essential oil.</def> [Written also
<i>saponule</i>.] [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sa"por</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See <u>Savor</u>.]
<def>Power of affecting the organs of taste; savor; flavor;
taste.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is some <i>sapor</i> in all
aliments.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sap`o*rif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sapor</i>
taste + <i>facere</i> to make.] <def>Having the power to produce the
sensation of taste; producing taste, flavor, or relish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap`o*ros"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of a body by which it excites the sensation of taste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>saporus</i>
that relishes well, savory, fr. <i>sapor</i> taste.] <def>Having
flavor or taste; yielding a taste.</def> [R.] <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*po"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Sp.
<i>sapote</i>, <i>zapote</i>. See <u>Sapodilla</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The sapodilla.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap`o*ta"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a natural order (<i>Sapotace&aelig;</i>) of
(mostly tropical) trees and shrubs, including the star apple, the
Lucuma, or natural marmalade tree, the gutta-percha tree
(<i>Isonandra</i>), and the India mahwa, as well as the sapodilla, or
sapota, after which the order is named.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap*pan" wood"</hw> (?). <def>Sapan wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"pare</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sappare</i>; --
so called by Saussure.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Kyanite.</def> [Written
also <i>sappar</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sap"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>sapeur</i>.]
<def>One who saps; specifically <i>(Mil.)</i>, one who is employed in
working at saps, building and repairing fortifications, and the
like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"phic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Sapphicus</i>,
Gr. &?;, fr. &?; Sappho.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
Sappho, the Grecian poetess; as, <i>Sapphic</i> odes; <i>Sapphic</i>
verse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>Belonging to, or in the
manner of, Sappho; -- said of a certain kind of verse reputed to have
been invented by Sappho, consisting of five feet, of which the first,
fourth, and fifth are trochees, the second is a spondee, and the third
a dactyl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"phic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A
Sapphic verse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"phire</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>saphir</i>, F. <i>saphir</i>, L. <i>sapphirus</i>, Gr. &?;, of
Oriental origin; cf. Heb. <i>sapp&imacr;r</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>Native alumina or aluminium sesquioxide,
Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>; corundum; esp., the blue transparent
variety of corundum, highly prized as a gem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of rubies, <i>sapphires</i>, and of pearl&eacute;s
white.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sapphire</i> occurs in hexagonal crystals and also in
granular and massive forms. The name <i>sapphire</i> is usually
restricted to the blue crystals, while the bright red crystals are
called <i>Oriental rubies</i> (see under <u>Ruby</u>), the amethystine
variety <i>Oriental amethyst</i> (see under <u>Amethyst</u>), and the
dull massive varieties <i>corundum</i> (a name which is also used as a
general term to include all varieties). See <u>Corundum</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The color of the gem; bright
blue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any humming bird of the
genus <i>Hylocharis</i>, native of South America. The throat and
breast are usually bright blue.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Star sapphire</b></col>, or <col><b>Asteriated
sapphire</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a kind of sapphire which
exhibits asterism.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sap"phire</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or resembling
sapphire; sapphirine; blue.</def> "The <i>sapphire</i> blaze."
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sap"phir*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Resembling
sapphire; made of sapphire; having the color, or any quality of
sapphire.</def> "<i>Sapphirine</i> degree of hardness."
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sap"pho</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sapphic</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of brilliant South
American humming birds of the genus <i>Sappho</i>, having very bright-
colored and deeply forked tails; -- called also
<i>firetail</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"pi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being sappy; juiciness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap`po*dil"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Sapodilla</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sappier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sappiest</u>.] [From 1st <u>Sap</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Abounding with sap; full of sap; juicy;
succulent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, young, not firm; weak,
feeble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When he had passed this weak and <i>sappy</i>
age.</blockquote> <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Weak in intellect.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Abounding in sap; resembling,
or consisting largely of, sapwood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>sapy</i>.] [Cf. L. <i>sapere</i> to taste.] <def>Musty;
tainted.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa*proph"a*gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sapro`s</grk> rotten + <grk>fagei^n</grk> to eat: cf. F.
<i>saprophage</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a tribe of beetles
which feed upon decaying animal and vegetable substances; a carrion
beetle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*proph"a*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Feeding on carrion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"ro*phyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sapro`s</grk> rotten + <grk>fyto`n</grk> a plant.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any plant growing on decayed animal or vegetable matter, as most
fungi and some flowering plants with no green color, as the Indian
pipe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap`ro*phyt"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Feeding or
growing upon decaying animal or vegetable matter; pertaining to a
saprophyte or the saprophytes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"sa*go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>schabzieger</i>; <i>schaben</i> to shave, to scrape + <i>zieger</i>
a sort of whey.] <def>A kind of Swiss cheese, of a greenish color,
flavored with melilot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"skull`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A saphead.</def>
[Low]</p>

<p><hw>Sap`u*ca"ia</hw> (?; Pg. &?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg.
<i>sapucaya</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Brazilian tree. See
<u>Lecythis</u>, and <u>Monkey-pot</u>.</def> [Written also
<i>sapucaya</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Sapucaia nut</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the seed of the
sapucaia; -- called also <i>paradise nut</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sap"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
alburnum, or part of the wood of any exogenous tree next to the bark,
being that portion of the tree through which the sap flows most
freely; -- distinguished from <i>heartwood</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"a*ba*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>Saraba&iuml;tae</i>, pl.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of certain
vagrant or heretical Oriental monks in the early church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"a*band</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sarabande</i>,
Sp. <i>zarabanda</i>, fr. Per. <i>serbend</i> a song.] <def>A slow
Spanish dance of Saracenic origin, to an air in triple time; also, the
air itself.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She has brought us the newest <i>saraband</i> from the
court of Queen Mab.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sar"a*cen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Saracenus</i>
perhaps fr. Ar. <i>sharqi</i>, pl. <i>sharqi&imacr;n</i>, Oriental,
Eastern, fr. <i>sharaqa</i> to rise, said of the sun: cf. F.
<i>sarrasin</i>. Cf. <u>Sarcenet</u>, <u>Sarrasin</u>,
<u>Sirocco</u>.] <def>Anciently, an Arab; later, a Mussulman; in the
Middle Ages, the common term among Christians in Europe for a
Mohammedan hostile to the crusaders.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Saracens' consound</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of
ragwort (<i>Senecio Saracenicus</i>), anciently used to heal
wounds.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sar`a*cen"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sar`a*cen"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the Saracens; as,
<i>Saracenic</i> architecture.</def> "<i>Saracenic</i> music." <i>Sir
W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sar"a*sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>See <u>Sarrasin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa`ras*wa"ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>Sarasvat&imacr;</i>.] <i>(Hind. Myth.)</i> <def>The sakti or wife
of Brahma; the Hindoo goddess of learning, music, and
poetry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"casm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sarcasme</i>, L.
<i>sarcasmus</i>, Gr. <grk>sarkasmo`s</grk>, from
<grk>sarka`zein</grk> to tear flesh like dogs, to bite the lips in
rage, to speak bitterly, to sneer, fr. <grk>sa`rx</grk>,
<grk>sa`rkos</grk>, flesh.] <def>A keen, reproachful expression; a
satirical remark uttered with some degree of scorn or contempt; a
taunt; a gibe; a cutting jest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sarcasms</i> of those critics who imagine our
art to be a matter of inspiration.</blockquote> <i>Sir J.
Reynolds.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Satire; irony; ridicule; taunt; gibe.</p>

<p><hw>Sar*cas"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sarcastic.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Sarcasmous</i> scandal."
<i>Hubidras.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sar*cas"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Sar*cas"tic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Expressing, or expressed by, sarcasm;
characterized by, or of the nature of, sarcasm; given to the use of
sarcasm; bitterly satirical; scornfully severe; taunting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What a fierce and <i>sarcastic</i> reprehension would
this have drawn from the friendship of the world!</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sar*cas"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
sarcastic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"cel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>cercel</i>, F.
<i>cerceau</i>, L. <i>circellus</i>, dim. of <i>circulus</i>. See
<u>Circle</u>.] <def>One of the outer pinions or feathers of the wing
of a bird, esp. of a hawk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"celed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(her.)</i> <def>Cut
through the middle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sar`celle"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>querquedula</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The old squaw, or long-
tailed duck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sarce"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>sarcenet</i>;
cf. LL. <i>saracenicum</i> cloth made by Saracens. See
<u>Saracen</u>.] <def>A species of fine thin silk fabric, used for
linings, etc.</def> [Written also <i>sarsenet</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou green <i>sarcenet</i> flap for a sore
eye.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sar"cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Hypoxanthin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sar*ci"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; of
flesh, fr. <grk>sa`rx</grk>, <grk>sa`rkos</grk>, flesh.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A genus of bacteria found in various organic
fluids, especially in those those of the stomach, associated with
certain diseases. The individual organisms undergo division along two
perpendicular partitions, so that multiplication takes place in two
directions, giving groups of four cubical cells. Also used
adjectively; as, a <i>sarcina</i> micrococcus; a <i>sarcina</i>
group.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sarcina form</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>the tetrad form
seen in the division of a dumb-bell group of micrococci into four; --
applied particularly to bacteria. See <u>micrococcus</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sar"cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>sarcler</i> to
weed, fr. L. <i>sarculare</i> to hoe, fr. <i>sarculum</i> hoe.]
<def>To weed, or clear of weeds, with a hoe.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sar"co-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form from Gr.
<grk>sa`rx</grk>, <grk>sa`rkos</grk>, <i>flesh</i>; as,
<i>sarco</i>phagous, flesh-eating; <i>sarco</i>logy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sar*cob"a*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sarcobases</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>sa`rx</grk>,
<grk>sa`rkos</grk>, flesh + &?; base.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A fruit
consisting of many dry indehiscent cells, which contain but few seeds
and cohere about a common style, as in the mallows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"co*blast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sarco-</i> +
<i>-blast</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A minute yellowish body
present in the interior of certain rhizopods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"co*carp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sarco-</i> + Gr.
&?; fruit: cf. F. <i>sarcocarpe</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The fleshy
part of a stone fruit, situated between the skin, or epicarp, and the
stone, or endocarp, as in a peach. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Endocarp</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term has also been used to denote any fruit which is
fleshy throughout. <i>M. T. Masters.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sar"co*cele</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>sa`rx</grk>, <grk>sa`rkos</grk>, flesh + &?; tumor: cf. F.
<i>sarcoc&egrave;le</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Any solid tumor of the
testicle.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sar"co*col</hw> (?), <hw>Sar`co*col"la</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sarcocolla</i>, from Gr. &?;;
<grk>sa`rx</grk>, <grk>sa`rkos</grk>, flesh + &?; glue: cf. F.
<i>sarcocolle</i>.] <def>A gum resin obtained from certain shrubs of
Africa (<i>Pen&aelig;a</i>), -- formerly thought to cause healing of
wounds and ulcers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"code</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; fleshy;
<grk>sa`rx</grk>, flesh + <grk>e'i^dos</grk> form. Cf.
<u>Sarcoid</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A name applied by Dujardin in
1835 to the gelatinous material forming the bodies of the lowest
animals; protoplasm.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sar"co*derm</hw> (?), <hw>||sar`co*der"ma</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>sarcoderma</i>. See <u>Sarco-</u>, and
<u>Derm</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A fleshy covering
of a seed, lying between the external and internal integuments.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A sarcocarp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar*cod"ic</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to sarcode.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. See
<u>Sarcode</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Resembling flesh, or muscle;
composed of sarcode.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar`co*lac"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sarco-</i> +
<i>lactic</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Relating to muscle and
milk; as, <i>sarcolactic acid</i>. See <i>Lactic acid</i>, under
<u>Lactic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar`co*lem"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>sa`rx</grk>, <grk>sa`rkos</grk>, flesh + &?; rind, skin.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The very thin transparent and apparently
homogeneous sheath which incloses a striated muscular fiber; the
myolemma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"co*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sa`rx</grk>, <grk>sa`rkos</grk>, flesh.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Flesh-colored.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sar`co*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sar`co*log"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to sarcology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar*col"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sarco-</i> +
<i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>sarcologie</i>.] <def>That part of anatomy
which treats of the soft parts. It includes myology, angiology,
neurology, and splanchnology.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sar*co"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Sarcomata</b></plw> (# or #), E. <plw><b>sarcomas</b></plw>
(#). [NL., from Gr. &?;, from <grk>sa`rx</grk>, <grk>sa`rkos</grk>,
flesh.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A tumor of fleshy consistence; -- formerly
applied to many varieties of tumor, now restricted to a variety of
malignant growth made up of cells resembling those of fetal
development without any proper intercellular substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar*com"a*tous</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to sarcoma; resembling
sarcoma.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sar*coph"a*ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., neut.
pl. See <u>Sarcophagus</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A suborder of
carnivorous and insectivorous marsupials including the dasyures and
the opossums.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sar*coph"a*ga</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fem. sing. See
<u>Sarcophagus</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of Diptera,
including the flesh flies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar*coph"a*gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any animal which eats
flesh, especially any carnivorous marsupial.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any fly of the genus
Sarcophaga.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar*coph"a*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Feeding on flesh; flesh-eating;
carnivorous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar*coph"a*gus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Sarcophagi</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Sarcophaguses</b></plw>
(#). [L., fr. Gr. <grk>sarkofa`gos</grk>, properly, eating flesh;
<grk>sa`rx</grk>, <grk>sa`rkos</grk>, flesh + <grk>fagei^n</grk> to
eat. Cf. <u>Sarcasm</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A species of
limestone used among the Greeks for making coffins, which was so
called because it consumed within a few weeks the flesh of bodies
deposited in it. It is otherwise called <i>lapis Assius</i>, or
<i>Assian stone</i>, and is said to have been found at Assos, a city
of Lycia.</def> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A coffin or chest-shaped tomb of the kind
of stone described above; hence, any stone coffin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A stone shaped like a sarcophagus and
placed by a grave as a memorial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar*coph"a*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sarkofagi`a</grk>. See <u>Sarcophagus</u>.] <def>The practice of
eating flesh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"co*phile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sacro-</i> +
Gr. &?; a lover.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A flesh-eating animal,
especially any one of the carnivorous marsupials.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sar*cop"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>sa`rx</grk>, <grk>sa`rkos</grk>, flesh + <grk>ko`ptein</grk> to
cut.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of parasitic mites including
the itch mites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar*cop"tid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of the genus <i>Sarcoptes</i> and related genera of
mites, comprising the itch mites and mange mites.</def> --
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the itch
mites.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sar`co*rham"phi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>sa`rx</grk>, <grk>sa`rkos</grk>, flesh + &?; beak.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of raptorial birds comprising the
vultures.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sar`co*sep"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sarcosepta</b></plw> (#). [<i>Sarco-</i> + <i>septum</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the mesenteries of an
anthozoan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"co*sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>A crystalline nitrogenous substance, formed in the
decomposition of creatin (one of the constituents of muscle tissue).
Chemically, it is methyl glycocoll.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sar*co"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. <grk>sa`rx</grk>, <grk>sa`rkos</grk>, flesh.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Abnormal formation of flesh.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Sarcoma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar*cot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>sarcotique</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Producing or promoting the
growth of flesh.</def> [R.] -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sarcotic
medicine.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sar"cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>sa`rx</grk>,
<grk>sa`rkos</grk>, flesh.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Fleshy; -- applied to
the minute structural elements, called <i>sarcous elements</i>, or
<i>sarcous disks</i>, of which striated muscular fiber is
composed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar`cu*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sarculatio</i>. See <u>Sarcle</u>.] <def>A weeding, as with a hoe
or a rake.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1277 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Sard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sarda</i>, Gr. &?;,
or &?; (sc. &?;), i.e., Sardian stone, fr. &?; Sardian, &?; Sardes,
the capital of Lydia: cf. F. <i>sarde</i>. Cf. <u>Sardius</u>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of carnelian, of a rich reddish yellow or
brownish red color. See the Note under <i>Chalcedony</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"da*chate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sardachates</i>: cf. F. <i>sardachate</i>. See <u>Sard</u>, and
<u>Agate</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of agate containing
sard.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sar"dan</hw> (?), <hw>Sar"del</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>sardella</i>. See <u>Sardine</u> a fish.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sardine.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sar"del</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A precious stone. See
<u>Sardius</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"dine</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sardine</i> (cf. Sp. <i>sardina</i>, <i>sarda</i>, It.
<i>sardina</i>, <i>sardella</i>), L. <i>sardina</i>, <i>sarda</i>; cf.
Gr. &?;, &?;; so called from the island of <i>Sardinia</i>, Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several small species of herring
which are commonly preserved in olive oil for food, especially the
pilchard, or European sardine (<i>Clupea pilchardus</i>). The
California sardine (<i>Clupea sagax</i>) is similar. The American
sardines of the Atlantic coast are mostly the young of the common
herring and of the menhaden.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"dine</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sardius</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar*din"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Sardinianus</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the island, kingdom, or
people of Sardinia.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or
inhabitant of Sardinia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"di*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sardius</i>,
<i>lapis sardinus</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;, &?;. See <u>Sard</u>.] <def>A
precious stone, probably a carnelian, one of which was set in Aaron's
breastplate.</def> <i>Ex. xxviii. 17.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sar"doin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sardoine</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Sard; carnelian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar*do"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sardonien</i>.] <def>Sardonic.</def> [Obs.] "With <i>Sardonian</i>
smile." <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sar*don"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sardonique</i>, L. <i>sardonius</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;, perhaps fr. &?;
to grin like a dog, or from a certain plant of <i>Sardinia</i>, Gr.
&?;, which was said to screw up the face of the eater.] <def>Forced;
unnatural; insincere; hence, derisive, mocking, malignant, or bitterly
sarcastic; -- applied only to a laugh, smile, or some facial semblance
of gayety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where strained, <i>sardonic</i> smiles are glozing
still,<BR>
And grief is forced to laugh against her will.</blockquote> <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The scornful, ferocious, <i>sardonic</i> grin of a
bloody ruffian.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sardonic grin</b></col> or <col><b>laugh</b></col>, <cd>an
old medical term for a spasmodic affection of the muscles of the face,
giving it an appearance of laughter.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sar*don"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining to,
or resembling, a kind of linen made at Colchis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"do*nyx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;. See
<u>Sard</u>, and <u>Onyx</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of onyx
consisting of sard and white chalcedony in alternate layers.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa"ree</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. &?;.] <def>The
principal garment of a Hindoo woman. It consists of a long piece of
cloth, which is wrapped round the middle of the body, a portion being
arranged to hang down in front, and the remainder passed across the
bosom over the left shoulder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar*gas"so</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>sargazo</i>
seaweed.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The gulf weed. See under
<u>Gulf</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sargasso Sea</b></col>, <cd>a large tract of the North
Atlantic Ocean where sargasso in great abundance floats on the
surface.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Sar*gas"sum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>A genus
of alg&aelig; including the gulf weed.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sar"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>sargo</i>, L.
<i>sargus</i> a kind of fish.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
several species of sparoid fishes belonging to <i>Sargus</i>,
<i>Pomadasys</i>, and related genera; -- called also <i>sar</i>, and
<i>saragu</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa"ri</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Saree</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa*rigue"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from Braz.
<i>&ccedil;arigueia</i>, <i>&ccedil;arigueira</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small South American opossum (<i>Didelphys
opossum</i>), having four white spots on the face.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sark</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>serce</i>,
<i>syrce</i>, a shirt; akin to Icel. <i>serkr</i>, Sw.
<i>s&auml;rk</i>.] <def>A shirt.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Sark</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>To cover
with sarking, or thin boards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>sa`rx</grk>,
<grk>sa`rkos</grk>, flesh.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Hypoxanthin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sark"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Sark</u>
shirt.] <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>Thin boards for sheathing, as above the
rafters, and under the shingles or slates, and for similar
purposes.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sar"lac</hw> (?), <hw>Sar"lyk</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Mongolian <i>sarlyk</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The yak.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sar*ma"tian</hw> (?), <hw>Sar*mat"ic</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Sarmaticus</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
Sarmatia, or its inhabitants, the ancestors of the Russians and the
Poles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sarmentum</i> a
twig, fr. <i>sarpere</i> to cut off, to trim: cf. F. <i>sarment</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A prostrate filiform stem or runner, as of the
strawberry. See <u>Runner</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar`men*ta"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Bearing sarments, or runners, as the strawberry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar`men*tose"</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sarmentosus</i>: cf. F. <i>sarmenteux</i>. See <u>Sarment</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Long and filiform, and almost
naked, or having only leaves at the joints where it strikes root; as,
a <i>sarmentose</i> stem.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Bearing
sarments; sarmentaceous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar*men"tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Sarmentose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sarn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W. <i>sarn</i> a causeway,
paving.] <def>A pavement or stepping-stone.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sa"rong</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malay
<i>s&amacr;rung</i>.] <def>A sort of petticoat worn by both sexes in
Java and the Malay Archipelago.</def> <i>Balfour (Cyc. of
India)</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"ros</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;]
<i>(Astron)</i> <def>A Chaldean astronomical period or cycle, the
length of which has been variously estimated from 3,600 years to 3,600
days, or a little short of 10 years.</def> <i>Brande & C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sar"plar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>sarplare</i>. See <u>Sarplier</u>.] <def>A large bale or package of
wool, containing eighty tods, or 2,240 pounds, in weight.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sar"plier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>serpilli&egrave;re</i>; cf. Pr. <i>sarpelheira</i>, LL.
<i>serpelleria</i>, <i>serpleria</i>, Catalan <i>sarpallera</i>, Sp.
<i>arpillera</i>.] <def>A coarse cloth made of hemp, and used for
packing goods, etc.</def> [Written also <i>sarpelere</i>.]
<i>Tyrwhitt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sar"po</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corruption of Sp.
<i>sapo</i> a toad.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large toadfish of the
Southern United States and the Gulf of Mexico (<i>Batrachus tau</i>,
var. <i>pardus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sar`ra*ce"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. So named
after a Dr. <i>Sarrazin</i> of Quebec.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
American perennial herbs growing in bogs; the American pitcher
plant.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They have hollow pitcher-shaped or tubular leaves, and
solitary flowers with an umbrella-shaped style. <i>Sarracenia
purpurea</i>, the sidesaddle flower, is common at the North; <i>S.
flava</i>, <i>rubra</i>, <i>Drummondii</i>, <i>variolaris</i>, and
<i>psittacina</i> are Southern species. All are insectivorous,
catching and drowning insects in their curious leaves. See
<u>Illust</u>. of Sidesaddle flower, under <u>Sidesaddle</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sar"ra*sin</hw>, <hw>Sar"ra*sine</hw> } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sarrasine</i>, LL. <i>saracina</i>. See
<u>Saracen</u>.] <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A portcullis, or herse.</def>
[Written also <i>sarasin</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sar"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sarsaparilla.</def>
[Written also <i>sarza</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sar`sa*pa*ril"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>zarzaparrilla</i>; <i>zarza</i> a bramble (perhaps fr. Bisc.
<i>zartzia</i>) + <i>parra</i> a vine, or <i>Parillo</i>, a physician
said to have discovered it.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Any plant of several tropical American species of
<i>Smilax</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The bitter mucilaginous
roots of such plants, used in medicine and in sirups for soda,
etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is also applied to many other plants and their
roots, especially to the <i>Aralia nudicaulis</i>, the wild
sarsaparilla of the United States.</p>

<p><hw>Sar`sa*pa*ril"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Parillin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sarse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sas</i>, OF.
<i>saas</i>, LL. <i>setatium</i>, fr. L. <i>seta</i> a stiff hair.]
<def>A fine sieve; a searce.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sarse</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sift through a
sarse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sar"sen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain;
perhaps for <i>saracen stone</i>, i.e., a heathen or pagan stone or
monument.] <def>One of the large sandstone blocks scattered over the
English chalk downs; -- called also <i>sarsen stone</i>, and <i>Druid
stone</i>.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sarse"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sarcenet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sart</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An assart, or
clearing.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sar*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sartorius</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a
tailor or his work.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our legs skulked under the table as free from
<i>sartorial</i> impertinences as those of the noblest
savages.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
sartorius muscle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sar*to"ri*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>sartor</i> a patcher, tailor, fr. <i>sarcire</i>, <i>sartum</i>, to
patch, mend.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A muscle of the thigh, called the
<i>tailor's muscle</i>, which arises from the hip bone and is inserted
just below the knee. So named because its contraction was supposed to
produce the position of the legs assumed by the tailor in
sitting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"rum use`</hw> (?). <i>(Ch. of Eng.)</i> <def>A liturgy, or
<i>use</i>, put forth about 1087 by St. Osmund, bishop of
<i>Sarum</i>, based on Anglo-Saxon and Norman customs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sash</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pers. <i>shast</i> a sort
of girdle.] <def>A scarf or band worn about the waist, over the
shoulder, or otherwise; a belt; a girdle, -- worn by women and
children as an ornament; also worn as a badge of distinction by
military officers, members of societies, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sash</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To adorn with a sash or
scarf.</def> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sash</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ch&acirc;ssis</i> a
frame, sash, fr. <i>ch&acirc;sse</i> a shrine, reliquary, frame, L.
<i>capsa</i>. See <u>Case</u> a box.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
framing in which the panes of glass are set in a glazed window or
door, including the narrow bars between the panes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a sawmill, the rectangular frame in
which the saw is strained and by which it is carried up and down with
a reciprocating motion; -- also called <i>gate</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>French sash</b></col>, <cd>a casement swinging on hinges; -
- in distinction from a <i>vertical sash</i> sliding up and
down.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sash</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sashed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sashing</u>.] <def>To furnish with a sash or sashes; as, to
<i>sash</i> a door or a window.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sash"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From 1st
<u>Sash</u>.] <def>A collection of sashes; ornamentation by means of
sashes.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Distinguished by their <i>sasheries</i> and
insignia.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sash"oon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymology uncertain.]
<def>A kind of pad worn on the leg under the boot.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The Indian antelope (<i>Antilope bezoartica, or cervicapra</i>),
noted for its beauty and swiftness. It has long, spiral, divergent
horns.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sas"sa*by</hw> (?), <hw>Sas"sa*bye</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large African antelope
(<i>Alcelaphus lunata</i>), similar to the hartbeest, but having its
horns regularly curved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sas"sa*fras</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sassafras</i>
(cf. It. <i>sassafrasso</i>, <i>sassafras</i>, Sp. <i>sasafras</i>,
<i>salsafras</i>, <i>salsifrax</i>, <i>salsifragia</i>,
<i>saxifragia</i>), fr. L. <i>saxifraga</i> saxifrage. See
<u>Saxifrage</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An American tree of the Laurel
family (<i>Sassafras officinale</i>); also, the bark of the roots,
which has an aromatic smell and taste.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Australian sassafras</b></col>, <cd>a lofty tree
(<i>Doryophora Sassafras</i>) with aromatic bark and leaves.</cd> --
<col><b>Chilian sassafras</b></col>, <cd>an aromatic tree (<i>Laurelia
sempervirens</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>New Zealand sassafras</b></col>,
<cd>a similar tree (<i>Laurelia Nov&aelig; Zelandi&aelig;</i>).</cd> -
- <col><b>Sassafras nut</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Pichurim bean</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Swamp sassafras</b></col>, <cd>the sweet bay (<i>Magnolia
glauca</i>). See <u>Magnolia</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sas"sa*nage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sarse</u> a
sieve.] <def>Stones left after sifting.</def> <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sas`sa*ra"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. a corruption
of <i>certiorari</i>, the name of a writ.] <def>A word used to
emphasize a statement.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Out she shall pack, with a
<i>sassarara</i>.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sasse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>sas</i>, fr. F.
<i>sas</i> the basin of a waterfall.] <def>A sluice or lock, as in a
river, to make it more navigable.</def> [Obs.] <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sas"sen*ach</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael.
<i>sasunnach</i>.] <def>A Saxon; an Englishman; a Lowlander.</def>
[Celtic] <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sas"so*lin</hw> (?), <hw>Sas"so*line</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Sasso</i>, a town in Italy: cf. F.
<i>sassolin</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Native boric acid, found in
saline incrustations on the borders of hot springs near Sasso, in the
territory of Florence.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sas"so*rol</hw> (?), <hw>Sas`so*rol"la</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The rock pigeon. See
under <u>Pigeon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sas"sy bark`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The bark of a West
African leguminous tree (<i>Erythrophl&aelig;um Guineense</i>, used by
the natives as an ordeal poison, and also medicinally; -- called also
<i>mancona bark</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sas"tra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Shaster</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sat</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Sit</u>.</def>
[Written also <i>sate</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa"tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>s&amacr;t&amacr;n</i> an adversary, fr. <i>s&amacr;tan</i> to be
adverse, to persecute: cf. Gr. &?;, &?;, L. <i>Satan</i>,
<i>Satanas</i>.] <def>The grand adversary of man; the Devil, or Prince
of darkness; the chief of the fallen angels; the archfiend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I beheld <i>Satan</i> as lightning fall from
heaven.</blockquote> <i>Luke x. 18.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sa*tan"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sa*tan"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>satanique</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>Of or
pertaining to Satan; having the qualities of Satan; resembling Satan;
extremely malicious or wicked; devilish; infernal.</def>
"<i>Satanic</i> strength." "<i>Satanic</i> host." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Detest the slander which, with a <i>Satanic</i> smile,
exults over the character it has ruined.</blockquote> <i>Dr. T.
Dwight.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sa*tan"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sa*tan"ic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sa"tan*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The evil and
malicious disposition of Satan; a diabolical spirit.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa"tan*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A very wicked
person.</def> [R.] <i>Granger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa`tan*oph"a*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Satan</i> +
Gr. &?; to appear.] <def>An incarnation of Satan; a being possessed by
a demon.</def> [R.] <i>O. A. Brownson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Satch"el</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>sachel</i>, fr.
L. <i>saccellus</i>, dim. of <i>saccus</i>. See <u>Sack</u> a bag.]
<def>A little sack or bag for carrying papers, books, or small
articles of wearing apparel; a hand bag.</def> [Spelled also
<i>sachel</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The whining schoolboy with his
<i>satchel</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sating</u>.] [Probably shortened fr. <i>satiate</i>: cf. L.
<i>satur</i> full. See <u>Satiate</u>.] <def>To satisfy the desire or
appetite of; to satiate; to glut; to surfeit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Crowds of wanderers <i>sated</i> with the business and
pleasure of great cities.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sate</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Sit</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But <i>sate</i> an equal guest at every
board.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sat*een"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Satin</u>.]
<def>A kind of dress goods made of cotton or woolen, with a glossy
surface resembling satin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sate"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Insatiable.</def>
[R.] <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sat"el*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>satelles</i>, <i>-itis</i>, an attendant.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An attendant attached to a prince or other powerful person;
hence, an obsequious dependent.</def> "The <i>satellites</i> of
power." <i>I. Disraeli.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A secondary planet which
revolves about another planet; as, the moon is a <i>satellite</i> of
the earth. See <i>Solar system</i>, under <u>Solar</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Satellite moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
handsome European noctuid moth (<i>Scopelosoma
satellitia</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sat"el*lite</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated near; accompanying; as, the <i>satellite</i> veins,
those which accompany the arteries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sat`el*li"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or consisting of, satellites.</def> [R.] <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sath"an*as</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Satanas</i>.
See <u>Satan</u>] <def>Satan.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer. Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"ti*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>satiatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>satiare</i> to satisfy, from <i>sat</i>, <i>satis</i>,
enough. See <u>Sad</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Sate</u>.]
<def>Filled to satiety; glutted; sated; -- followed by <i>with</i> or
<i>of</i>.</def> "<i>Satiate</i> of applause." <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"ti*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Satiated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Satiating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To satisfy the appetite or
desire of; to feed to the full; to furnish enjoyment to, to the extent
of desire; to sate; as, to <i>satiate</i> appetite or sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These [smells] rather woo the sense than <i>satiate</i>
it.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I may yet survive the malice of my enemies, although
they should be <i>satiated</i> with my blood.</blockquote> <i>Eikon
Basilike.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To full beyond natural desire; to gratify
to repletion or loathing; to surfeit; to glut.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To saturate.</def> [Obs.] <i>Sir I.
Newton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To satisfy; sate; suffice; cloy; gorge; overfill;
surfeit; glut. -- <u>Satiate</u>, <u>Satisfy</u>, <u>Content</u>.
These words differ principally in degree. To <i>content</i> is to make
contented, even though every desire or appetite is not fully
gratified. To <i>satisfy</i> is to appease fully the longings of
desire. To <i>satiate</i> is to fill so completely that it is not
possible to receive or enjoy more; hence, to overfill; to cause
disgust in.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Content</i> with science in the vale of
peace.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His whole felicity is endless strife;<BR>
No peace, no <i>satisfaction</i>, crowns his life.</blockquote>
<i>Beaumont.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He may be <i>satiated</i>, but not
<i>satisfied</i>.</blockquote> <i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa`ti*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Satiety.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*ti"e*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>satietas</i>,
from <i>satis</i>, <i>sat</i>, enough: cf. F.
<i>sati&eacute;t&eacute;</i>.] <def>The state of being satiated or
glutted; fullness of gratification, either of the appetite or of any
sensual desire; fullness beyond desire; an excess of gratification
which excites wearisomeness or loathing; repletion;
satiation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In all pleasures there is <i>satiety</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But thy words, with grace divine<BR>
Imbued, bring to their sweetness no <i>satiety</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Repletion; satiation; surfeit; cloyment.</p>

<p><! p. 1278 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Sat"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>satin</i> (cf. Pg.
<i>setim</i>), fr. It. <i>setino</i>, from <i>seta</i> silk, L.
<i>saeta</i>, <i>seta</i>, a thick, stiff hair, a bristle; or possibly
ultimately of Chinese origin; cf. Chin. <i>sz-t&uuml;n</i>, <i>sz-
twan</i>. Cf. <u>Sateen</u>.] <def>A silk cloth, of a thick, close
texture, and overshot woof, which has a glossy surface.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cloths of gold and <i>satins</i> rich of
hue.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Denmark satin</b></col>, <cd>a kind of lasting; a stout
worsted stuff, woven with a satin twill, used for women's shoes.</cd>
-- <col><b>Farmer's satin</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Farmer</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Satin bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an Australian
bower bird. Called also <i>satin grackle</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Satin
flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Honesty</u>, 4.</cd> --
<col><b>Satin spar</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
fine fibrous variety of calcite, having a pearly luster</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A similar variety of gypsum.</cd> --
<col><b>Satin sparrow</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the shining
flycatcher (<i>Myiagra nitida</i>) of Tasmania and Australia. The
upper surface of the male is rich blackish green with a metallic
luster.</cd> -- <col><b>Satin stone</b></col>, <cd>satin
spar.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sat`i*net"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>satin</i>. See <u>Satin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thin kind
of satin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of cloth made of cotton warp and
woolen filling, used chiefly for trousers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sat"in*wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The hard, lemon-colored, fragrant wood of an East Indian tree
(<i>Chloroxylon Swietenia</i>). It takes a lustrous finish, and is
used in cabinetwork. The name is also given to the wood of a species
of prickly ash (<i>Xanthoxylum Carib&aelig;um</i>) growing in Florida
and the West Indies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sat"in*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like or composed
of satin; glossy; as, to have a <i>satiny</i> appearance; a
<i>satiny</i> texture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>satio</i>, fr.
<i>serere</i>, <i>satum</i>, to sow.] <def>A sowing or planting.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sat"ire</hw> (?; <i>in Eng. often</i> &?;; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>satira</i>, <i>satura</i>, fr.
<i>satura</i> (sc. <i>lanx</i>) a dish filled with various kinds of
fruits, food composed of various ingredients, a mixture, a medley, fr.
<i>satur</i> full of food, sated, fr. <i>sat</i>, <i>satis</i>,
enough: cf. F. <i>satire</i>. See <u>Sate</u>, <u>Sad</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Saturate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A composition, generally poetical, holding up vice or folly to
reprobation; a keen or severe exposure of what in public or private
morals deserves rebuke; an invective poem; as, the <i>Satires</i> of
Juvenal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Keeness and severity of remark; caustic
exposure to reprobation; trenchant wit; sarcasm.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Lampoon; sarcasm; irony; ridicule; pasquinade;
burlesque; wit; humor.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sa*tir"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sa*tir"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>satiricus</i>: cf. F. <i>satirique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to satire; of the nature of
satire; as, a <i>satiric</i> style.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Censorious; severe in language; sarcastic;
insulting.</def> "<i>Satirical</i> rogue." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Cutting; caustic; poignant; sarcastic; ironical;
bitter; reproachful; abusive.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Sa*tir"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sa*tir"ic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sat"ir*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>satiriste</i>.] <def>One who satirizes; especially, one who writes
satire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mighty <i>satirist</i>, who . . . had spread terror
through the Whig ranks.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sat"ir*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Satirized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Satirizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>satiriser</i>.] <def>To make the
object of satire; to attack with satire; to censure with keenness or
severe sarcasm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is as hard to <i>satirize</i> well a man of
distinguished vices, as to praise well a man of distinguished
virtues.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sat`is*fac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>satisfaccioun</i>, F. <i>satisfaction</i>, fr. L.
<i>satisfactio</i>, fr. <i>satisfacere</i> to satisfy. See
<u>Satisfy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of satisfying, or the
state of being satisfied; gratification of desire; contentment in
possession and enjoyment; repose of mind resulting from compliance
with its desires or demands.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mind having a power to suspend the execution and
<i>satisfaction</i> of any of its desires.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Settlement of a claim, due, or demand;
payment; indemnification; adequate compensation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We shall make full <i>satisfaction</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which satisfies or gratifies;
atonement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Die he, or justice must; unless for him<BR>
Some other, able, and as willing, pay<BR>
The rigid <i>satisfaction</i>, death for death.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Contentment; content; gratification; pleasure;
recompense; compensation; amends; remuneration; indemnification;
atonement.</p>

<p><hw>Sat`is*fac"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Satisfactory.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Satisfactive</i> discernment of fish.</blockquote>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sat`is*fac"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>satisfactoire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Giving or producing
satisfaction; yielding content; especially, relieving the mind from
doubt or uncertainty, and enabling it to rest with confidence;
sufficient; as, a <i>satisfactory</i> account or
explanation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Making amends, indemnification, or
recompense; causing to cease from claims and to rest content;
compensating; atoning; as, to make <i>satisfactory</i> compensation,
or a <i>satisfactory</i> apology.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A most wise and sufficient means of redemption and
salvation, by the <i>satisfactory</i> and meritorious death and
obedience of the incarnate Son of God, Jesus Christ.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Sanderson.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sat`is*fac"to*ri*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sat`is*fac"to*ri*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sat"is*fi`a*ble</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
satisfied.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sat"is*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
satisfies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sat"is*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Satisfied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Satisfying</u> (?).] [OF. <i>satisfier</i>; L. <i>satis</i> enough
+ <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make; cf. F. <i>satisfaire</i>, L.
<i>satisfacere</i>. See <u>Sad</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and
<u>Fact</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In general, to fill up the
measure of a want of (a person or a thing); hence, to grafity fully
the desire of; to make content; to supply to the full, or so far as to
give contentment with what is wished for.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Death shall . . . with us two<BR>
Be forced to <i>satisfy</i> his ravenous maw.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pay to the extent of claims or deserts;
to give what is due to; as, to <i>satisfy</i> a creditor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To answer or discharge, as a claim, debt,
legal demand, or the like; to give compensation for; to pay off; to
requite; as, to <i>satisfy</i> a claim or an execution.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To free from doubt, suspense, or
uncertainty; to give assurance to; to set at rest the mind of; to
convince; as, to <i>satisfy</i> one's self by inquiry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The standing evidences of the truth of the gospel are
in themselves most firm, solid, and <i>satisfying</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To satiate; sate; content; grafity; compensate. See
<u>Satiate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sat"is*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To give satisfaction; to afford gratification; to leave nothing
to be desired.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make payment or atonement; to
atone.</def> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sat"is*fy`ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as to
satisfy; satisfactorily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sativus</i>, fr.
<i>serere</i>, satum, to sow.] <def>Sown; propagated by seed.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos> <def>To
settle.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"trap</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>satrapes</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. OPers. <i>khshatrap&amacr;van</i> ruler:
cf. F. <i>satrape</i>.] <def>The governor of a province in ancient
Persia; hence, a petty autocrat despot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"trap*al</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a satrap, or a satrapy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"trap*ess</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
satrap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*trap"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Satrapal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa"trap*y</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Satrapies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>satrapia</i>, <i>satrapea</i>,
Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>satrapie</i>.] <def>The government or jurisdiction
of a satrap; a principality.</def> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sat"su*ma ware"</hw> (? or ?). <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>A kind
of ornamental hard-glazed pottery made at Satsuma in Kiushu, one of
the Japanese islands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sat"u*ra*ble</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>saturabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>saturable</i>.] <def>Capable of being
saturated; admitting of saturation.</def> --
<wf>Sat`u*ra*bil"i*ty</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sat"u*rant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>saturans</i>,
p. pr. See <u>Saturate</u>.] <def>Impregnating to the full;
saturating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sat"u*rant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A substance used to neutralize or saturate the
affinity of another substance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An antacid, as magnesia, used
to correct acidity of the stomach.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sat"u*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Saturated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Saturating</u>.] [L. <i>saturatus</i>, p. p. of <i>saturare</i> to
saturate, fr. <i>satur</i> full of food, sated. See <u>Satire</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to become completely penetrated,
impregnated, or soaked; to fill fully; to sate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Innumerable flocks and herds covered that vast expanse
of emerald meadow <i>saturated</i> with the moisture of the
Atlantic.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fill and <i>saturate</i> each kind<BR>
With good according to its mind.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To satisfy the affinity of;
to cause to become inert by chemical combination with all that it can
hold; as, to <i>saturate</i> phosphorus with chlorine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sat"u*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>saturatus</i>, p. p.] <def>Filled to repletion; saturated;
soaked.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dries his feathers <i>saturate</i> with
dew.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The sand beneath our feet is <i>saturate</i><BR>
With blood of martyrs.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sat"u*ra`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Filled to repletion; holding by absorption, or in solution, all
that is possible; as, <i>saturated</i> garments; a <i>saturated</i>
solution of salt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Having its affinity
satisfied; combined with all it can hold; -- said of certain atoms,
radicals, or compounds; thus, methane is a <i>saturated</i> compound.
Contrasted with <i>unsaturated</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>saturated</i> compound may exchange certain ingredients
for others, but can not take on more without such exchange.</p>

<p><col><b>Saturated color</b></col> <i>(Optics)</i>, <cd>a color not
diluted with white; a pure unmixed color, like those of the
spectrum.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sat`u*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>saturatio</i>: cf. F. <i>saturation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of saturating, or the state of being saturating; complete
penetration or impregnation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The act, process, or result
of saturating a substance, or of combining it to its fullest
extent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Optics)</i> <def>Freedom from mixture or
dilution with white; purity; -- said of colors.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The degree of <i>saturation</i> of a color is its relative
purity, or freedom from admixture with white.</p>

<p><hw>Sat"u*ra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who,
or that which, saturates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sat"ur*day</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>Saterday</i>, AS. <i>S&aelig;terd&aelig;g</i>,
<i>S&aelig;ternd&aelig;g</i>, <i>S&aelig;ternesd&aelig;g</i>,
literally, Saturn's day, fr. L. <i>Saturnus</i> Saturn + AS.
<i>d&aelig;g</i> day; cf. L. <i>dies Saturni</i>.] <def>The seventh or
last day of the week; the day following Friday and preceding
Sunday.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*tu"ri*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>saturitas</i>, fr. <i>satur</i> full of food, sated.] <def>The
state of being saturated; fullness of supply.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Warner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"turn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Saturnus</i>,
literally, the sower, fr. <i>serere</i>, <i>satum</i>, to sow. See
<u>Season</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Roman Myth.)</i> <def>One of
the elder and principal deities, the son of C&oelig;lus and Terra
(Heaven and Earth), and the father of Jupiter. The corresponding Greek
divinity was <grk>Kro`nos</grk>, later <grk>CHro`nos</grk>,
Time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>One of the planets of the
solar system, next in magnitude to Jupiter, but more remote from the
sun. Its diameter is seventy thousand miles, its mean distance from
the sun nearly eight hundred and eighty millions of miles, and its
year, or periodical revolution round the sun, nearly twenty-nine years
and a half. It is surrounded by a remarkable system of rings, and has
eight satellites.</def> </p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Alchem.)</i> <def>The metal lead.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Sat`ur*na"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Saturn</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>The
festival of Saturn, celebrated in December, originally during one day,
but afterward during seven days, as a period of unrestrained license
and merriment for all classes, extending even to the slaves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: A period or occasion of general
license, in which the passions or vices have riotous
indulgence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sat`ur*na"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the Saturnalia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of unrestrained and intemperate jollity;
riotously merry; dissolute.</def> "<i>Saturnalian</i> amusement."
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*tur"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Saturnius</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Roman Myth.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to Saturn, whose age or reign, from the mildness and wisdom
of his government, is called the <i>golden age</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Resembling the golden age;
distinguished for peacefulness, happiness, contentment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Augustus, born to bring <i>Saturnian</i>
times.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
planet Saturn; as, the <i>Saturnian</i> year.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Saturnian verse</b></col> <i>(Pros.)</i>, <cd>a meter
employed by early Roman satirists, consisting of three iambics and an
extra syllable followed by three trochees, as in the line: --
Th&ebreve; qu&emacr;en | w&abreve;s &imacr;n | th&ebreve; k&imacr;tch
| &ebreve;n || &emacr;at&ibreve;ng | br&emacr;ad &abreve;nd |
h&omacr;n&ebreve;y. </cd></p>

<p><hw>Sa*tur"ni*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of large handsome moths belonging to
<i>Saturnia</i> and allied genera. The luna moth, polyphemus, and
promethea, are examples. They belong to the Silkworn family, and some
are raised for their silk. See <u>Polyphemus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sat`urn*i*cen"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Appearing as if seen from the center of the
planet Saturn; relating or referred to Saturn as a center.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sat"ur*nine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Saturnus</i>
the god Saturn, also, the planet Saturn: cf. F. <i>saturnin</i> of or
pertaining to lead (Saturn, in old chemistry, meaning lead),
<i>saturnien</i> saturnine, saturnian. See <u>Saturn</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Born under, or influenced by, the planet
Saturn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Heavy; grave; gloomy; dull; -- the opposite
of <i>mercurial</i>; as, a <i>saturnine</i> person or temper.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
lead; characterized by, or resembling, lead, which was formerly called
<i>Saturn</i>.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><col><b>Saturnine colic</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>lead
colic.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sat"ur*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Plumbism.</def> <i>Quain.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sat"ur*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person of a
dull, grave, gloomy temperament.</def> <i>W. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"tyr</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>satyrus</i>,
Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>satyre</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Class.
Myth.)</i> <def>A sylvan deity or demigod, represented as part man and
part goat, and characterized by riotous merriment and
lasciviousness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rough <i>Satyrs</i> danced; and Fauns, with cloven
heel,<BR>
From the glad sound would not be absent long.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of many species
of butterflies belonging to the family <i>Nymphalid&aelig;</i>. Their
colors are commonly brown and gray, often with ocelli on the wings.
Called also <i>meadow browns</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The orang-
outang.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sat`y*ri"a*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;. See <u>Satyr</u>.] <def>Immoderate venereal appetite in the
male.</def> <i>Quain.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sa*tyr"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sa*tyr"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>satyricus</i>, Gr. <grk>satyriko`s</grk>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to satyrs; burlesque; as, <i>satyric</i>
tragedy.</def> <i>P. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sa*tyr"i*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>saty`rion</grk>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any one of several kinds of
orchids.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sau"ba ant`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A South American
ant (<i>&OElig;codoma cephalotes</i>) remarkable for having two large
kinds of workers besides the ordinary ones, and for the immense size
of its formicaries. The sauba ant cuts off leaves of plants and
carries them into its subterranean nests, and thus often does great
damage by defoliating trees and cultivated plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sauce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. OF.
<i>sausse</i>, LL. <i>salsa</i>, properly, salt pickle, fr. L.
<i>salsus</i> salted, salt, p. p. of <i>salire</i> to salt, fr.
<i>sal</i> salt. See <u>Salt</u>, and cf. <u>Saucer</u>, <u>Souse</u>
pickle, <u>Souse</u> to plunge.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A composition
of condiments and appetizing ingredients eaten with food as a relish;
especially, a dressing for meat or fish or for puddings; as, mint
<i>sauce</i>; sweet <i>sauce</i>, etc.</def> "Poignant <i>sauce</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>High <i>sauces</i> and rich spices fetched from the
Indies.</blockquote> <i>Sir S. Baker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any garden vegetables eaten with
meat.</def> [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U.S.] <i>Forby. Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Roots, herbs, vine fruits, and salad flowers . . . they
dish up various ways, and find them very delicious <i>sauce</i> to
their meats, both roasted and boiled, fresh and salt.</blockquote>
<i>Beverly.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Stewed or preserved fruit eaten with other
food as a relish; as, apple <i>sauce</i>, cranberry <i>sauce</i>,
etc.</def> [U.S.] "Stewed apple <i>sauce</i>." <i>Mrs. Lincoln (Cook
Book).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Sauciness; impertinence.</def> [Low.]
<i>Haliwell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To serve one the same sauce</b></col>, <cd>to retaliate in
the same kind.</cd> [Vulgar]</p>

<p><! p. 1279 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Sauce</hw> (s&add;s), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>saucer</i>.] [<pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sauced</u>
(s&add;st); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Saucing</u>
(s&add;"s&ibreve;ng).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To accompany with
something intended to give a higher relish; to supply with appetizing
condiments; to season; to flavor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to relish anything, as if with a
sauce; to tickle or gratify, as the palate; to please; to stimulate;
hence, to cover, mingle, or dress, as if with sauce; to make an
application to.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Earth, yield me roots;<BR>
Who seeks for better of thee, <i>sauce</i> his palate<BR>
With thy most operant poison!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make poignant; to give zest, flavor or
interest to; to set off; to vary and render attractive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then fell she to <i>sauce</i> her desires with
threatenings.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou sayest his meat was <i>sauced</i> with thy
upbraidings.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To treat with bitter, pert, or tart
language; to be impudent or saucy to.</def> [Colloq. or Low]</p>

<p><blockquote>I'll <i>sauce</i> her with bitter words.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sauce</hw> (s&omacr;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Fine
Art)</i> <def>A soft crayon for use in stump drawing or in shading
with the stump.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sauce"-a*lone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol.
uncertain.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Jack-by-the-hedge. See under
<u>Jack</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sauce"box`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sauce</u>,
and <u>Saucy</u>.] <def>A saucy, impudent person; especially, a pert
child.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Saucebox, go, meddle with your lady's fan,<BR>
And prate not here!</blockquote> <i>A. Brewer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sauce"pan`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small pan with
a handle, in which sauce is prepared over a fire; a stewpan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sau"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sauci&egrave;re</i>, from <i>sauce</i>. See <u>Sauce</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small pan or vessel in which sauce was set
on a table.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small dish, commonly deeper than a plate,
in which a cup is set at table.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Something resembling a saucer in
shape.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A flat, shallow
caisson for raising sunken ships.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
shallow socket for the pivot of a capstan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sau"ci*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a saucy
manner; impudently; with impertinent boldness.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sau"ci*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being saucy; that which is saucy; impertinent boldness;
contempt of superiors; impudence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your <i>sauciness</i> will jest upon my
love.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Impudence; impertinence; rudeness; insolence. See
<u>Impudence</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>||Sau`cis`son"</hw> (?), <hw>Sau`cisse"</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>saucisse</i> sausage. See
<u>Sausage</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mining or Gun.)</i> <def>A
long and slender pipe or bag, made of cloth well pitched, or of
leather, filled with powder, and used to communicate fire to mines,
caissons, bomb chests, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A fascine of more than
ordinary length.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sau"cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Saucier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sauciest</u>.] [From <u>Sauce</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Showing impertinent boldness or pertness;
transgressing the rules of decorum; treating superiors with contempt;
impudent; insolent; as, a <i>saucy</i> fellow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Am I not protector, <i>saucy</i> priest?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expressive of, or characterized by,
impudence; impertinent; as, a <i>saucy</i> eye; <i>saucy</i>
looks.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We then have done you bold and <i>saucy</i>
wrongs.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Impudent; insolent; impertinent; rude.</p>

<p><hw>Sauer"kraut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., fr.
<i>sauer</i> sour + <i>kraut</i> herb, cabbage.] <def>Cabbage cut fine
and allowed to ferment in a brine made of its own juice with salt, --
a German dish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sauf</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Safe.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sauf</hw>, <pos><i>conj. & prep.</i></pos> <def>Save;
except.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Sauf</i> I myself." <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sauf"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Safely.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sau"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An American fresh-water food fish (<i>Stizostedion
Canadense</i>); -- called also <i>gray pike</i>, <i>blue pike</i>,
<i>hornfish</i>, <i>land pike</i>, <i>sand pike</i>, <i>pickering</i>,
and <i>pickerel</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Saugh</hw>, <hw>Sauh</hw> (?) }, obs. <def><pos><i>imp.
sing.</i></pos> of <u>See</u>.</def> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sauks</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Sacs</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saul</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Soul.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Saul</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Sal</u>, the
tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sau"lie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hired mourner at
a funeral.</def> [Scot.] <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sault</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF., F. <i>saut</i>,
fr. L. <i>saltus</i>. See <u>Salt</u> a leap.] <def>A rapid in some
rivers; as, the <i>Sault</i> Ste. Marie.</def> [U.S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saun"ders</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sandress</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saun"ders-blue`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr.
F. <i>cendres bleues</i> blue ashes.] <def>A kind of color prepared
from calcined lapis lazuli; ultramarine; also, a blue prepared from
carbonate of copper.</def> [Written also <i>sanders-blue</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Saun"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sauntered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sauntering</u>.] [Written also <i>santer</i>.] [Probably fr. F.
<i>s'aventurer</i> to adventure (one's self), through a shortened form
<i>s'auntrer</i>. See <u>Adventure</u>, <pos><i>n. & v.</i></pos>]
<def>To wander or walk about idly and in a leisurely or lazy manner;
to lounge; to stroll; to loiter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One could lie under elm trees in a lawn, or
<i>saunter</i> in meadows by the side of a stream.</blockquote>
<i>Masson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To loiter; linger; stroll; wander.</p>

<p><hw>Saun"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sauntering, or a
sauntering place.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That wheel of fops, that <i>saunter</i> of the
town.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saun"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
saunters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contracted from Gael.
<i>salachar</i> filth, nastiness, fr. <i>salach</i> nasty, fr.
<i>sal</i> filth, refuse.] <def>Soil; dirt; dirty water; urine from a
cowhouse.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sau"rel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any carangoid fish of the genus <i>Trachurus</i>, especially
<i>T. trachurus</i>, or <i>T. saurus</i>, of Europe and America, and
<i>T. picturatus</i> of California. Called also <i>skipjack</i>, and
<i>horse mackerel</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sau"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; a lizard.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Reptilia
formerly established to include the Lacertilia, Crocodilia,
Dinosauria, and other groups. By some writers the name is restricted
to the Lacertilia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sau"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to, or of the nature of, the Sauria.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Sauria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sau"ri*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Sauroid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sau"ro*ba*tra"chi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Sauria</u>, and <u>Batrachia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
Urodela.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sau*rog"na*thous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
lizard + &?; the jaw.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the bones of
the palate arranged as in saurians, the vomer consisting of two
lateral halves, as in the woodpeckers (<i>Pici</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sau"roid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a lizard +
<i>-oid</i>: cf. Gr. &?; lizardlike.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Like or pertaining to the saurians.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Resembling a saurian superficially; as, a
<i>sauroid</i> fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sau`roid*ich"nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sauroid</u>, and <u>Ichnite</u>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>The fossil
track of a saurian.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sau*rop"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; a lizard + <i>-poda</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct order
of herbivorous dinosaurs having the feet of a saurian type, instead of
birdlike, as they are in many dinosaurs. It includes the largest known
land animals, belonging to Brontosaurus, Camarasaurus, and allied
genera. See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sau*rop"si*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; a lizard + &?; appearance.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
comprehensive group of vertebrates, comprising the reptiles and
birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sau*rop`te*ryg"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; a lizard + &?;, &?;, a wing.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Plesiosauria</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sau*ru"r&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; a lizard + &?; a tail.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct order
of birds having a long vertebrated tail with quills along each side of
it. Arch&aelig;opteryx is the type. See <u>Arch&aelig;opteryx</u>, and
<u>Odontornithes</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sau"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sauries</b></plw> (#). [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A slender marine fish (<i>Scomberesox
saurus</i>) of Europe and America. It has long, thin, beaklike jaws.
Called also <i>billfish</i>, <i>gowdnook</i>, <i>gawnook</i>,
<i>skipper</i>, <i>skipjack</i>, <i>skopster</i>, <i>lizard fish</i>,
and <i>Egypt herring</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sau"sage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>saucisse</i>, LL. <i>salcitia</i>, <i>salsicia</i>, fr.
<i>salsa</i>. See <u>Sauce</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An article of
food consisting of meat (esp. pork) minced and highly seasoned, and
inclosed in a cylindrical case or skin usually made of the prepared
intestine of some animal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A saucisson. See <u>Saucisson</u>.</def>
<i>Wilhelm.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sau"se*flem</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>saus</i>
salt (L. <i>salsus</i>) + <i>flemme</i> phlegm.] <def>Having a red,
pimpled face.</def> [Obs.] [Written also <i>sawceflem</i>.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saus"sur*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. So called from
M. <i>Saussure</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A tough, compact mineral, of a
white, greenish, or grayish color. It is near zoisite in composition,
and in part, at least, has been produced by the alteration of
feldspar.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Saut</hw>, <hw>Saute</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
assault.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sau`te"</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Sauter</u>.</def> <i>C. Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sau`ter"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F., properly, to
jump.] <def>To fry lightly and quickly, as meat, by turning or tossing
it over frequently in a hot pan greased with a little fat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sau"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Psalter.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sau`te*relle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>An
instrument used by masons and others to trace and form
angles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sau`terne"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A white
wine made in the district of <i>Sauterne</i>, France.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sau"trie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Psaltery.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sau`ve*garde"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The monitor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sav"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Save</u>. Cf.
<u>Salvable</u>.] <def>Capable of, or admitting of, being
saved.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the person prayed for there ought to be the great
disposition of being in a <i>savable</i> condition.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sav"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Capability of
being saved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*va"ci*oun`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Salvation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sav"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>sauvage</i>,
OF. <i>salvage</i>, fr. L. <i>silvaticus</i> belonging to a wood,
wild, fr. <i>silva</i> a wood. See <u>Silvan</u>, and cf.
<u>Sylvatic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the
forest; remote from human abodes and cultivation; in a state of
nature; wild; as, a <i>savage</i> wilderness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wild; untamed; uncultivated; as,
<i>savage</i> beasts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cornels, and <i>savage</i> berries of the
wood.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Uncivilized; untaught; unpolished; rude;
as, <i>savage</i> life; <i>savage</i> manners.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What nation, since the commencement of the Christian
era, ever rose from <i>savage</i> to civilized without
Christianity?</blockquote> <i>E. D. Griffin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by cruelty; barbarous;
fierce; ferocious; inhuman; brutal; as, a <i>savage</i>
spirit.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Ferocious; wild; uncultivated; untamed; untaught;
uncivilized; unpolished; rude; brutish; brutal; heathenish; barbarous;
cruel; inhuman; fierce; pitiless; merciless; unmerciful; atrocious.
See <u>Ferocious</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sav"age</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
human being in his native state of rudeness; one who is untaught,
uncivilized, or without cultivation of mind or manners.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A man of extreme, unfeeling, brutal
cruelty; a barbarian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sav"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
savage.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Its bloodhounds, <i>savaged</i> by a cross of
wolf.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sav"age*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a savage
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sav"age*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being savage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wolves and bears, they say,<BR>
Casting their <i>savageness</i> aside have done<BR>
Like offices of pity.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sav"age*ry</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sauvagerie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being savage;
savageness; savagism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A like work of primeval <i>savagery</i>.</blockquote>
<i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An act of cruelty; barbarity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wildest <i>savagery</i>, the vilest stroke,<BR>
That ever wall-eyed wrath or staring rage<BR>
Presented to the tears of soft remorse.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Wild growth, as of plants.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sav"a*gism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being savage; the state of rude, uncivilized men, or of men in their
native wildness and rudeness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sav`a*nil"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The tarpum.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa*van"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of American Indian
origin; cf. Sp. <i>sabana</i>, F. <i>savane</i>.] <def>A tract of
level land covered with the vegetable growth usually found in a damp
soil and warm climate, -- as grass or reeds, -- but destitute of
trees.</def> [Spelt also <i>savannah</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Savannahs</i> are clear pieces of land without
woods.</blockquote> <i>Dampier.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Savanna flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a West Indian
name for several climbing apocyneous plants of the genus
<i>Echites</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Savanna sparrow</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an American sparrow (<i>Ammodramus
sandwichensis</i> or <i>Passerculus savanna</i>) of which several
varieties are found on grassy plains from Alaska to the Eastern United
States.</cd> -- <col><b>Savanna wattle</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
name of two West Indian trees of the genus
<i>Citharexylum</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Sa`vant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Savants</b></plw> (F. &?;; E. &?;). [F., fr. <i>savoir</i> to
know, L. <i>sapere</i>. See <u>Sage</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A
man of learning; one versed in literature or science; a person eminent
for acquirements.</def></p>

<p><hw>Save</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sage</u> the herb.]
<def>The herb sage, or salvia.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Save</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Saved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Saving</u>.] [OE. <i>saven</i>, <i>sauven</i>, <i>salven</i>, OF.
<i>salver</i>, <i>sauver</i>, F. <i>sauver</i>, L. <i>salvare</i>, fr.
<i>salvus</i> saved, safe. See <u>Safe</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make safe; to procure the safety of; to
preserve from injury, destruction, or evil of any kind; to rescue from
impending danger; as, to <i>save</i> a house from the
flames.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God <i>save</i> all this fair company.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He cried, saying, Lord, <i>save</i> me.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. xiv. 30.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou hast . . . quitted all to <i>save</i><BR>
A world from utter loss.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>Specifically, to deliver
from sin and its penalty; to rescue from a state of condemnation and
spiritual death, and bring into a state of spiritual life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Christ Jesus came into the world to <i>save</i>
sinners.</blockquote> <i>1 Tim. i. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To keep from being spent or lost; to secure
from waste or expenditure; to lay up; to reserve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now save a nation, and now <i>save</i> a
groat.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To rescue from something undesirable or
hurtful; to prevent from doing something; to spare.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll <i>save</i> you<BR>
That labor, sir. All's now done.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To hinder from doing, suffering, or
happening; to obviate the necessity of; to prevent; to
spare.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Will you not speak to <i>save</i> a lady's
blush?</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To hold possession or use of; to escape
loss of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Just <i>saving</i> the tide, and putting in a stock of
merit.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To save appearances</b></col>, <cd>to preserve a decent
outside; to avoid exposure of a discreditable state of
things.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To preserve; rescue; deliver; protect; spare;
reserve; prevent.</p>

<p><hw>Save</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To avoid unnecessary
expense or expenditure; to prevent waste; to be economical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Brass ordnance <i>saveth</i> in the quantity of the
material.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Save</hw>, <pos><i>prep. or conj.</i></pos> [F. <i>sauf</i>,
properly adj., safe. See <u>Safe</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>Except; excepting; not including; leaving out; deducting;
reserving; saving.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Five times received I forty stripes <i>save</i>
one.</blockquote> <i>2 Cor. xi. 24.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Except</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Save</hw>, <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>Except;
unless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Save"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Savable</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Save"-all`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Save</i> +
<i>all</i>.] <def>Anything which saves fragments, or prevents waste or
loss.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A device in a
candlestick to hold the ends of candles, so that they be burned.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A small sail sometimes set
under the foot of another sail, to catch the wind that would pass
under it.</def> <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> A trough to prevent waste in a paper-making
machine.</p>

<p><hw>Sav"e*loy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>cervelas</i>,
It. <i>cervellata</i>, fr. <i>cervello</i> brain, L.
<i>cerebellum</i>, dim. of <i>cerebrum</i> brain. See
<u>Cerebral</u>.] <def>A kind of dried sausage.</def>
<i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><hw>Save"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Safely.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Save"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
saving.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sav"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
saves.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sav"in</hw>, <hw>Sav"ine</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>saveine</i>, AS. <i>safin&aelig;</i>, <i>savine</i>, L.
<i>sabina herba</i>. Cf. <u>Sabine</u>.] [Written also <i>sabine</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A coniferous shrub
(<i>Juniperus Sabina</i>) of Western Asia, occasionally found also in
the northern parts of the United States and in British America. It is
a compact bush, with dark-colored foliage, and produces small berries
having a glaucous bloom. Its bitter, acrid tops are sometimes used in
medicine for gout, amenorrh&oelig;a, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The North American red cedar (<i>Juniperus
Virginiana</i>.)</def></p>

<p><hw>Sav"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Preserving; rescuing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is the <i>saving</i> strength of his
anointed.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xxviii. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Avoiding unnecessary expense or waste;
frugal; not lavish or wasteful; economical; as, a <i>saving</i>
cook.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Bringing back in returns or in receipts the
sum expended; incurring no loss, though not gainful; as, a
<i>saving</i> bargain; the ship has made a <i>saving</i>
voyage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Making reservation or exception; as, a
<i>saving</i> clause.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Saving</i> is often used with a noun to form a compound
adjective; as, labor-<i>saving</i>, life-<i>saving</i>, etc.</p>

<p><! p. 1280 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Sav"ing</hw> (s&amacr;v"&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>prep. or
conj.</i></pos>; but properly a <pos><i>participle</i></pos>.
<def>With the exception of; except; excepting; also, without
disrespect to.</def> "<i>Saving</i> your reverence." <i>Shak.</i>
"<i>Saving</i> your presence." <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>None of us put off our clothes, <i>saving</i> that
every one put them off for washing.</blockquote> <i>Neh. iv.
23.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And in the stone a new name written, which no man
knoweth <i>saving</i> he that receiveth it.</blockquote> <i>Rev. ii.
17.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sav"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something kept from being expended or lost; that which is saved
or laid up; as, the <i>savings</i> of years of economy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exception; reservation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Contend not with those that are too strong for us, but
still with a <i>saving</i> to honesty.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Savings bank</b></col>, <cd>a bank in which savings or
earnings are deposited and put at interest.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sav"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a saving manner; with frugality or parsimony.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>So as to be finally saved from eternal
death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Savingly</i> born of water and the
Spirit.</blockquote> <i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sav"ing*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality of being saving; carefulness not to expend money
uselessly; frugality; parsimony.</def> <i>Mrs. H. H. Jackson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tendency to promote salvation.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sav"ior</hw> (s&amacr;v"y&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>saveour</i>, OF. <i>salveor</i>, F. <i>sauveur</i>, fr. L.
<i>salvator</i>, fr. <i>salvare</i> to save. See <u>Save</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] [Written also <i>saviour</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who saves, preserves, or delivers from
destruction or danger.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: <i>The</i> (or <i>our</i>,
<i>your</i>, etc.) <i>Savior</i>, he who brings salvation to men;
Jesus Christ, the Redeemer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sav"ior*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
savior.</def> [Written also saviouress.] [R.] <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"vor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>savour</i>,
<i>savor</i>, <i>savur</i>, OF. <i>savor</i>, <i>savour</i>, F.
<i>saveur</i>, fr. L. <i>sapor</i>, fr. <i>sapere</i> to taste, savor.
See <u>Sage</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Sapid</u>,
<u>Insipid</u>, <u>Sapor</u>.] [Written also <i>savour</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That property of a thing which affects the
organs of taste or smell; taste and odor; flavor; relish; scent; as,
the <i>savor</i> of an orange or a rose; an ill
<i>savor</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I smell sweet <i>savors</i> and I feel soft
things.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, specific flavor or quality;
characteristic property; distinctive temper, tinge, taint, and the
like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why is not my life a continual joy, and the
<i>savor</i> of heaven perpetually upon my spirit?</blockquote>
<i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Sense of smell; power to scent, or trace by
scent.</def> [R.] "Beyond my <i>savor</i>." <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Pleasure; delight; attractiveness.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She shall no <i>savor</i> have therein but
lite.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Taste; flavor; relish; odor; scent; smell.</p>

<p><hw>Sa"vor</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Savored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Savoring</u>.] [Cf. OF. <i>savorer</i>, F. <i>savourer</i>. See
<u>Savor</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] [Written also <i>savour</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To have a particular smell or taste; -- with
<i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To partake of the quality or nature; to
indicate the presence or influence; to smack; -- with
<i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>savors</i> not much of
distraction.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have rejected everything that <i>savors</i> of
party.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To use the sense of taste.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By sight, hearing, smelling, tasting or
<i>savoring</i>, and feeling.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"vor</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
perceive by the smell or the taste; hence, to perceive; to note.</def>
[Obs.] <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have the flavor or quality of; to
indicate the presence of.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That cuts us off from hope, and <i>savors</i> only<BR>
Rancor and pride, impatience and despite.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To taste or smell with pleasure; to delight
in; to relish; to like; to favor.</def> [R.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"vor*i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a savory
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"vor*i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being savory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"vor*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no savor;
destitute of smell or of taste; insipid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"vor*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Savory.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa"vor*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a savory
manner.</def> [Obs.] <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"vor*ous</hw> (-&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>savoureux</i>, OF. <i>saveros</i>, L. <i>saporosus</i>. Cf.
<u>Saporous</u>, and see <u>Savor</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>Having a savor; savory.</def> [Obs.] <i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"vor*y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Savor</u>.] <def>Pleasing to the organs of taste or smell.</def>
[Written also <i>savoury</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The chewing flocks<BR>
Had ta'en their supper on the <i>savory</i> herb.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"vo*ry</hw> (s&amacr;"v&osl;*r&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>savor&eacute;e</i>; cf. It. <i>santoreggia</i>,
<i>satureja</i>, L. <i>satureia</i>,] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An aromatic
labiate plant (<i>Satureia hortensis</i>), much used in cooking; --
also called <i>summer savory</i>.</def> [Written also
<i>savoury</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa*voy"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>chou de
Savoie</i> cabbage of Savoy.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A variety of the
common cabbage (<i>Brassica oleracea major</i>), having curled leaves,
-- much cultivated for winter use.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sav`oy*ard"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A native
or inhabitant of Savoy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw</hw> (s&add;), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>See</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sawe</i>, AS. sagu; akin
to <i>secgan</i> to say. See <u>Say</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> and
cf. <u>Saga</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something said; speech; discourse.</def>
[Obs.] "To hearken all his <i>sawe</i>." <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A saying; a proverb; a maxim.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His champions are the prophets and apostles,<BR>
His weapons holy <i>saws</i> of sacred writ.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Dictate; command; decree.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[Love] rules the creatures by his powerful
<i>saw</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saw</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sawe</i>, AS.
<i>sage</i>; akin to D. <i>zaag</i>, G. <i>s&auml;ge</i>, OHG.
<i>sega</i>, <i>saga</i>, Dan. <i>sav</i>, Sw. <i>s&aring;g</i>, Icel.
<i>s&ouml;g</i>, L. <i>secare</i> to cut, <i>securis</i> ax,
<i>secula</i> sickle. Cf. <u>Scythe</u>, <u>Sickle</u>,
<u>Section</u>, <u>Sedge</u>.] <def>An instrument for cutting or
dividing substances, as wood, iron, etc., consisting of a thin blade,
or plate, of steel, with a series of sharp teeth on the edge, which
remove successive portions of the material by cutting and
tearing.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Saw</i> is frequently used adjectively, or as the first
part of a compound.</p>

<p><col><b>Band saw</b></col>, <col><b>Crosscut saw</b></col>, etc.
<cd>See under <u>Band</u>, <u>Crosscut</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Circular saw</b></col>, <cd>a disk of steel with saw teeth
upon its periphery, and revolved on an arbor.</cd> -- <col><b>Saw
bench</b></col>, <cd>a bench or table with a flat top for for sawing,
especially with a circular saw which projects above the table.</cd> --
<col><b>Saw file</b></col>, <cd>a three-cornered file, such as is used
for sharpening saw teeth.</cd> -- <col><b>Saw frame</b></col>, <cd>the
frame or sash in a sawmill, in which the saw, or gang of saws, is
held.</cd> -- <col><b>Saw gate</b></col>, <cd>a saw frame.</cd> --
<col><b>Saw gin</b></col>, <cd>the form of cotton gin invented by Eli
Whitney, in which the cotton fibers are drawn, by the teeth of a set
of revolving circular saws, through a wire grating which is too fine
for the seeds to pass.</cd> -- <col><b>Saw grass</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any one of certain cyperaceous plants having the
edges of the leaves set with minute sharp teeth, especially the
<i>Cladium Mariscus</i> of Europe, and the <i>Cladium effusum</i> of
the Southern United States. Cf. <i>Razor grass</i>, under
<u>Razor</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Saw log</b></col>, <cd>a log of suitable
size for sawing into lumber.</cd> -- <col><b>Saw mandrel</b></col>,
<cd>a mandrel on which a circular saw is fastened for running.</cd> --
<col><b>Saw pit</b></col>, <cd>a pit over which timbor is sawed by two
men, one standing below the timber and the other above.</cd>
<i>Mortimer.</i> -- <col><b>Saw sharpener</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the great titmouse; -- so named from its
harsh call note.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Saw whetter</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the marsh titmouse (<i>Parus palustris</i>);
-- so named from its call note.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Scroll
saw</b></col>, <cd>a ribbon of steel with saw teeth upon one edge,
stretched in a frame and adapted for sawing curved outlines; also, a
machine in which such a saw is worked by foot or power.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Saw</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Sawed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sawed</u> or <u>Sawn</u>
(&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Sawing</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut with a saw; to separate with a saw; as,
to <i>saw</i> timber or marble.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form by cutting with a saw; as, to
<i>saw</i> boards or planks, that is, to saw logs or timber into
boards or planks; to <i>saw</i> shingles; to <i>saw</i> out a
panel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Also used figuratively; as, to <i>saw</i>
the air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
use a saw; to practice sawing; as, a man <i>saws</i> well.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cut, as a saw; as, the saw or mill
<i>saws</i> fast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be cut with a saw; as, the timber
<i>saws</i> smoothly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*war"ra nut`</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Souari nut</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw"bel`ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
alewife.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Saw"bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
merganser.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Saw"bones`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A nickname for a
surgeon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw"buck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sawhorse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw"ce*flem</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sauseflem</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Saw"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A corrupt spelling
and pronunciation of <i>solder</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Soft sawder</b></col>, <cd>seductive praise; flattery;
blarney.</cd> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Saw"dust`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dust or small
fragments of wood (or of stone, etc.) made by the cutting of a
saw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw"er`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who saws; a
sawyer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of elasmobranch fishes of the genus
<i>Pristis</i>. They have a sharklike form, but are more nearly allied
to the rays. The flattened and much elongated snout has a row of stout
toothlike structures inserted along each edge, forming a sawlike organ
with which it mutilates or kills its prey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw"fly`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to
the family <i>Tenthredinid&aelig;</i>. The female usually has an
ovipositor containing a pair of sawlike organs with which she makes
incisions in the leaves or stems of plants in which to lay the eggs.
The larv&aelig; resemble those of Lepidoptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw"horse`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of rack,
shaped like a double St. Andrew's cross, on which sticks of wood are
laid for sawing by hand; -- called also <i>buck</i>, and
<i>sawbuck</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw"mill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mill for
sawing, especially one for sawing timber or lumber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw"neb`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A merganser.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Saw" pal*met"to</hw>. <def>See under <u>Palmetto</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw"-set`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An instrument
used to set or turn the teeth of a saw a little sidewise, that they
may make a kerf somewhat wider than the thickness of the blade, to
prevent friction; -- called also <i>saw-wrest</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw"tooth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An arctic seal (<i>Lobodon carcinophaga</i>), having the molars
serrated; -- called also <i>crab-eating seal</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw"-toothed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
tooth or teeth like those of a saw; serrate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw"try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A psaltery.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saw"-whet`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small North American owl (<i>Nyctale Acadica</i>), destitute of
ear tufts and having feathered toes; -- called also <i>Acadian
owl</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw"-wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any plant of the composite genus <i>Serratula</i>; -- so named
from the serrated leaves of most of the species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw"-wrest`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Saw-
set</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw"yer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Saw</i> + <i>-
yer</i>, as in lawyer. Cf. <u>Sawer</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
whose occupation is to saw timber into planks or boards, or to saw
wood for fuel; a sawer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tree which has fallen into a stream so
that its branches project above the surface, rising and falling with a
rocking or swaying motion in the current.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The bowfin.</def>
[Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>seax</i> a knife.]
<def>A kind of chopping instrument for trimming the edges of roofing
slates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sax"a*tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>saxatilis</i>,
fr. <i>saxum</i> a rock: cf. F. <i>saxatile</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to rocks; living among rocks; as, a <i>saxatile</i>
plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sax"horn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
name given to a numerous family of brass wind instruments with valves,
invented by Antoine Joseph Adolphe <i>Sax</i> (known as Adolphe Sax),
of Belgium and Paris, and much used in military bands and in
orchestras.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sax`i*ca"va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>saxicavas</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Saxicav&aelig;</b></plw>
(#). [NL. See <u>Saxicavous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species
of marine bivalve shells of the genus <i>Saxicava</i>. Some of the
species are noted for their power of boring holes in limestone and
similar rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sax`i*ca"vid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the saxicavas.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A saxicava.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sax`i*ca"vous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>saxum</i>
rock + <i>cavare</i> to make hollow, fr. <i>cavus</i> hollow: cf. F.
<i>saxicave</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Boring, or hollowing out,
rocks; -- said of certain mollusks which live in holes which they
burrow in rocks. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Lithodomus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sax*ic"o*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>saxum</i> a
rock + <i>colere</i> to inhabit.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Stone-
inhabiting; pertaining to, or having the characteristics of, the
stonechats.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sax*ic"o*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Saxicoline</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Growing on rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sax*if"ra*ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., saxifrage.
See <u>Saxifrage</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of exogenous
polypetalous plants, embracing about one hundred and eighty species.
See <u>Saxifrage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sax`i*fra*ga"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a natural order of plants
(<i>Saxifragace&aelig;</i>) of which saxifrage is the type. The order
includes also the alum root, the hydrangeas, the mock orange, currants
and gooseberries, and many other plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sax*if"ra*gant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Saxifrage</u>.] <def>Breaking or destroying stones;
saxifragous.</def> [R.] -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which breaks
or destroys stones.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sax"i*frage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>saxifraga</i>, from <i>saxifragus</i> stone-breaking; <i>saxum</i>
rock + <i>frangere</i> to break: cf. F. <i>saxifrage</i>. See
<u>Fracture</u>, and cf. <u>Sassafras</u>, <u>Saxon</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the genus <i>Saxifraga</i>, mostly
perennial herbs growing in crevices of rocks in mountainous
regions.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Burnet saxifrage</b></col>, <cd>a European umbelliferous
plant (<i>Pimpinella Saxifraga</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Golden
saxifrage</b></col>, <cd>a low half-succulent herb (<i>Chrysosplenium
oppositifolium</i>) growing in rivulets in Europe; also, <i>C.
Americanum</i>, common in the United States. See also under
<u>Golden</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Meadow saxifrage</b></col>, or
<col><b>Pepper saxifrage</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Meadow</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sax*if"ra*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>saxifragus</i>: cf. F. <i>saxifrage</i>. See <u>Saxifrage</u>.]
<def>Dissolving stone, especially dissolving stone in the
bladder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sax"on</hw> (s&abreve;ks"&ubreve;n <i>or</i> -'n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Saxo</i>, pl. <i>Saxones</i>, from the
Saxon national name; cf. AS. pl. <i>Seaxe</i>, <i>Seaxan</i>, fr.
<i>seax</i> a knife, a short sword, a dagger (akin to OHG.
<i>sahs</i>, and perhaps to L. <i>saxum</i> rock, stone, knives being
originally made of stone); and cf. G. <i>Sachse</i>, pl.
<i>Sachsen</i>. Cf. <u>Saxifrage</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of a nation or people who formerly dwelt
in the northern part of Germany, and who, with other Teutonic tribes,
invaded and conquered England in the fifth and sixth centuries.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Also used in the sense of <i>Anglo-
Saxon</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A native or inhabitant of
modern Saxony.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The language of the Saxons; Anglo-
Saxon.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Old Saxon</b></col>, <cd>the Saxon of the continent of
Europe in the old form of the language, as shown particularly in the
"Heliand", a metrical narration of the gospel history preserved in
manuscripts of the 9th century.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sax"on</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Saxons, their country, or their language.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Anglo-Saxon.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to
Saxony or its inhabitants.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Saxon blue</b></col> <i>(Dyeing)</i>, <cd>a deep blue
liquid used in dyeing, and obtained by dissolving indigo in
concentrated sulphuric acid.</cd> <i>Brande & C.</i> -- <col><b>Saxon
green</b></col> <i>(Dyeing)</i>, <cd>a green color produced by dyeing
with yellow upon a ground of Saxon blue.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sax*on"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to the
Saxons or Anglo- Saxons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sax"on*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An idiom of the
Saxon or Anglo-Saxon language.</def> <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sax"on*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed in the
Saxon language.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sax"on*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>See <i>Mountain soap</i>, under <u>Mountain</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sax"o*phone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A.A.J. <i>Sax</i>,
the inventor (see <u>Saxhorn</u>) + Gr. &?; tone.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A wind instrument of brass, containing a reed, and partaking of
the qualities both of a brass instrument and of a clarinet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sax"-tu`ba</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Saxhorn</u>,
and <u>Tube</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A powerful instrument of brass,
curved somewhat like the Roman <i>buccina</i>, or tuba.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1281 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Say</hw> (s&amacr;), obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>See</u>.
<def>Saw.</def> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Say</hw> (s&amacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Aphetic form of
<i>assay</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Trial by sample; assay; sample;
specimen; smack.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If those principal works of God . . . be but certain
tastes and <i>says</i>, as it were, of that final
benefit.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy tongue some <i>say</i> of breeding
breathes.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tried quality; temper; proof.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He found a sword of better <i>say</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Essay; trial; attempt.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>To give a say at</b></col>, <cd>to attempt.</cd> <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Say</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To try; to assay.</def>
[Obs.] <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Say</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>saie</i>, F.
<i>saie</i>, fr. L. <i>saga</i>, equiv. to <i>sagum</i>, <i>sagus</i>,
a coarse woolen mantle; cf. Gr. <grk>sa`gos</grk>. See <u>Sagum</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of silk or satin.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou <i>say</i>, thou serge, nay, thou buckram
lord!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A delicate kind of serge, or woolen
cloth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His garment neither was of silk nor
<i>say</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Say</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Said</u> (s&ebreve;d), contracted from <i>sayed</i>;
<pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Saying</u>.] [OE. <i>seggen</i>,
<i>seyen</i>, <i>siggen</i>, <i>sayen</i>, <i>sayn</i>, AS.
<i>secgan</i>; akin to OS. <i>seggian</i>, D. <i>zeggen</i>, LG.
<i>seggen</i>, OHG. <i>sag&emacr;n</i>, G. <i>sagen</i>, Icel.
<i>segja</i>, Sw. <i>s&auml;ga</i>, Dan. <i>sige</i>, Lith.
<i>sakyti</i>; cf. OL. <i>insece</i> tell, relate, Gr.
<grk>'e`nnepe</grk> (for <grk>'en-sepe</grk>), <grk>'e`spete</grk>.
Cf. <u>Saga</u>, <u>Saw</u> a saying.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
utter or express in words; to tell; to speak; to declare; as, he
<i>said</i> many wise things.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Arise, and <i>say</i> how thou camest
here.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To repeat; to rehearse; to recite; to
pronounce; as, to <i>say</i> a lesson.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of my instruction hast thou nothing bated<BR>
In what thou hadst to <i>say</i>?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>After which shall be <i>said</i> or sung the following
hymn.</blockquote> <i>Bk. of Com. Prayer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To announce as a decision or opinion; to
state positively; to assert; hence, to form an opinion upon; to be
sure about; to be determined in mind as to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But what it is, hard is to <i>say</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To mention or suggest as an estimate,
hypothesis, or approximation; hence, to suppose; -- in the imperative,
followed sometimes by the subjunctive; as, he had, <i>say</i> fifty
thousand dollars; the fox had run, <i>say</i> ten miles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Say</i>, for nonpayment that the debt should
double,<BR>
Is twenty hundred kisses such a trouble?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>It is said</b></col>, or <col><b>They say</b></col>, <cd>it
is commonly reported; it is rumored; people assert or maintain.</cd> -
- <col><b>That is to say</b></col>, <cd>that is; in other words;
otherwise.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Say</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To speak; to express an
opinion; to make answer; to reply.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You have <i>said</i>; but whether wisely or no, let the
forest judge.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To this argument we shall soon have <i>said</i>; for
what concerns it us to hear a husband divulge his household
privacies?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Say</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Say</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>; cf. <u>Saw</u> a saying.] <def>A speech; something said;
an expression of opinion; a current story; a maxim or proverb.</def>
[Archaic or Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He no sooner said out his <i>say</i>, but up rises a
cunning snap.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That strange palmer's boding <i>say</i>,<BR>
That fell so ominous and drear<BR>
Full on the object of his fear.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Say"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who says; an
utterer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mr. Curran was something much better than a
<i>sayer</i> of smart sayings.</blockquote> <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*yette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. Cf. <u>Say</u> a
kind of serge.] <def>A mixed stuff, called also <i>sagathy</i>. See
<u>Sagathy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Say"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is said;
a declaration; a statement, especially a proverbial one; an aphorism;
a proverb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many are the <i>sayings</i> of the wise,<BR>
In ancient and in modern books enrolled.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Declaration; speech; adage; maxim; aphorism;
apothegm; saw; proverb; byword.</p>

<p><hw>Say"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Say</i> sample +
<i>man</i>.] <def>One who assays.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bacon.</i> </p>

<p><hw>Say"mas`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A master of
assay; one who tries or proves.</def> [Obs.] "Great <i>saymaster</i>
of state." <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saynd</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Senge</u>, to singe.</def> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>'Sblood</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>An
abbreviation of <i>God's blood</i>; -- used as an oath.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scab</hw> (sk&abreve;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>scab</i>,
<i>scabbe</i>, <i>shabbe</i>; cf. AS. <i>sc&aelig;b</i>,
<i>sceabb</i>, <i>scebb</i>, Dan. & Sw. <i>skab</i>, and also L.
<i>scabies</i>, fr. <i>scabere</i> to scratch, akin to E.
<i>shave</i>. See <u>Shave</u>, and cf. <u>Shab</u>, <u>Shabby</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An incrustation over a sore, wound, vesicle,
or pustule, formed by the drying up of the discharge from the diseased
part.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The itch in man; also, the scurvy.</def>
[Colloq. or Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The mange, esp. when it appears on
sheep.</def> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A disease of potatoes producing pits in
their surface, caused by a minute fungus (<i>Tiburcinia
Scabies</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>A slight irregular
protuberance which defaces the surface of a casting, caused by the
breaking away of a part of the mold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A mean, dirty, paltry fellow.</def> [Low]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A nickname for a workman who engages for
lower wages than are fixed by the trades unions; also, for one who
takes the place of a workman on a strike.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Scab</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scabbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scabbing</u>.] <def>To become covered with a scab; as, the wound
<i>scabbed</i> over.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scab"bard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>scaubert</i>,
<i>scauberk</i>, OF. <i>escaubers</i>, <i>escauberz</i>, pl.,
scabbards, probably of German or Scan. origin; cf. Icel.
<i>sk&amacr;lpr</i> scabbard, and G. <i>bergen</i> to conceal. Cf.
<u>Hauberk</u>.] <def>The case in which the blade of a sword, dagger,
etc., is kept; a sheath.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor in thy <i>scabbard</i> sheathe that famous
blade.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Scabbard fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a long,
compressed, silver-colored t&aelig;nioid fish (<i>Lepidopus caudatus,
or argyreus</i>), found on the European coasts, and more abundantly
about New Zealand, where it is called <i>frostfish</i> and considered
an excellent food fish.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scab"bard</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put in a
scabbard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scab"bard plane`</hw> (?). <def>See <i>Scaleboard plane</i>,
under <u>Scaleboard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scab"bed</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Abounding with scabs; diseased with scabs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Mean; paltry; vile; worthless.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scab"bed*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Scabbiness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scab"bi*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a scabby
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scab"bi*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being scabby.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scab"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scapple</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scab"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Scabbier</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Scabbiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Affected with scabs; full of scabs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Diseased with the scab, or mange;
mangy.</def> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sca"bi*es</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The itch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sca"bi*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scabiosus</i>,
from <i>scabies</i> the scab: cf. F. <i>scabieux</i>.] <def>Consisting
of scabs; rough; itchy; leprous; as, <i>scabious</i> eruptions.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sca"bi*ous</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>scabieuse</i>.
See <u>Scabious</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any
plant of the genus <i>Scabiosa</i>, several of the species of which
are common in Europe. They resemble the <i>Composit&aelig;</i>, and
have similar heads of flowers, but the anthers are not
connected.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sweet scabious</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Mourning
bride</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A daisylike plant (<i>Erigeron
annuus</i>) having a stout branching stem.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scab"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Scapple</u>.]
<def>A fragment or chip of stone.</def> [Written also
<i>scabline</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sca*bred"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scabredo</i>, fr. <i>scaber</i> rough.] <def>Roughness;
ruggedness.</def> [Obs.] <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sca"brous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scabrosus</i>,
fr. <i>scaber</i> rough: cf. F. <i>scabreux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Rough to the touch, like a file; having small raised dots,
scales, or points; scabby; scurfy; scaly.</def> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Harsh; unmusical.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His verse is <i>scabrous</i> and hobbling.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sca"brous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being scabrous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scab"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Elecampane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael. & Ir. <i>sgadan</i>
a herring.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small
carangoid fish (<i>Trachurus saurus</i>) abundant on the European
coast, and less common on the American. The name is applied also to
several allied species.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The goggler; --
called also <i>big-eyed scad</i>. See <u>Goggler</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The friar skate.</def> [Scot.]
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The cigar fish, or round robin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scaf"fold</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>eschafault</i>, <i>eschafaut</i>, <i>escafaut</i>,
<i>escadafaut</i>, F. <i>&eacute;chafaud</i>; probably originally the
same word as E. & F. <i>catafalque</i>, It. <i>catafalco</i>. See
<u>Catafalque</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A temporary structure of
timber, boards, etc., for various purposes, as for supporting workmen
and materials in building, for exhibiting a spectacle upon, for
holding the spectators at a show, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pardon, gentles all,<BR>
The flat, unraised spirits that have dared<BR>
On this unworthy <i>scaffold</i> to bring forth<BR>
So great an object.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, a stage or elevated platform
for the execution of a criminal; as, to die on the
<i>scaffold</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That a <i>scaffold</i> of execution should grow a
scaffold of coronation.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>An accumulation of
adherent, partly fused material forming a shelf, or dome-shaped
obstruction, above the tuy&egrave;res in a blast furnace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scaf"fold</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To furnish or
uphold with a scaffold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scaf"fold*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
scaffold.</def> [R.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scaf"fold*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A scaffold; a supporting framework; as, the <i>scaffolding</i> of
the body.</def> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Materials for building scaffolds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scagl"ia</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>scaglia</i> a
scale, a shell, a chip of marble.] <def>A reddish variety of
limestone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scagl*io"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>scagliuola</i>, dim. of <i>scaglia</i>. See <u>Scaglia</u>.]
<def>An imitation of any veined and ornamental stone, as marble,
formed by a substratum of finely ground gypsum mixed with glue, the
surface of which, while soft, is variegated with splinters of marble,
spar, granite, etc., and subsequently colored and polished.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sca"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scal&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., a ladder.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A machine formerly employed for reducing
dislocations of the humerus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A term applied to any one of
the three canals of the cochlea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scal"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
scaled.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sca*lade"</hw> (?), <hw>Sca*la"do</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>See <u>Escalade</u>.</def>
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sca"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>In
the quaternion analysis, a quantity that has magnitude, but not
direction; -- distinguished from a <i>vector</i>, which has both
magnitude and direction.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sca*la"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., flight of
steps.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of marine
gastropods of the genus <i>Scalaria</i>, or family
<i>Scalarid&aelig;</i>, having elongated spiral turreted shells, with
rounded whorls, usually crossed by ribs or varices. The color is
generally white or pale. Called also <i>ladder shell</i>, and
<i>wentletrap</i>. See <u>Ptenoglossa</u>, and
<u>Wentletrap</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sca*lar"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scalare</i>, <i>scalaria</i>, staircase, ladder + <i>-form</i>: cf.
F. <i>scalariforme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Resembling a ladder
in form or appearance; having transverse bars or markings like the
rounds of a ladder; as, the <i>scalariform</i> cells and
<i>scalariform</i> pits in some plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining to a
scalaria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sca"la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scalaris</i>,
fr. <i>scalae</i>, pl. <i>scala</i>, staircase, ladder.]
<def>Resembling a ladder; formed with steps.</def> [Obs.] <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scal"a*wag</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A scamp; a
scapegrace.</def> [Spelt also <i>scallawag</i>.] [Slang, U.S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scald</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scalded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scalding</u>.] [OF. <i>eschalder</i>, <i>eschauder</i>,
<i>escauder</i>, F. <i>&eacute;chauder</i>, fr. L. <i>excaldare</i>;
<i>ex + caldus</i>, <i>calidus</i>, warm, hot. See <u>Ex</u>, and
<u>Caldron</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To burn with hot liquid or
steam; to pain or injure by contact with, or immersion in, any hot
fluid; as, to <i>scald</i> the hand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mine own tears<BR>
Do <i>scald</i> like molten lead.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Here the blue flames of <i>scalding</i> brimstone
fall.</blockquote> <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To expose to a boiling or violent heat over
a fire, or in hot water or other liquor; as, to <i>scald</i> milk or
meat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scald</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A burn, or injury to the
skin or flesh, by some hot liquid, or by steam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scald</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [For <i>scalled</i>. See
<u>Scall</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Affected with the scab;
scabby.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Scurvy; paltry; as, <i>scald</i>
rhymers.</def> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Scald crow</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the hooded
crow.</cd> [Ireland] -- <col><b>Scald head</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>,
<cd>a name popularly given to several diseases of the scalp
characterized by pustules (the dried discharge of which forms scales)
and by falling out of the hair.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scald</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Scurf on the head. See
<u>Scall</u>.</def> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scald</hw> (sk&abreve;ld or sk&add;ld; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>sk&amacr;ld</i>.] <def>One of the
ancient Scandinavian poets and historiographers; a reciter and singer
of heroic poems, eulogies, etc., among the Norsemen; more rarely, a
bard of any of the ancient Teutonic tribes.</def> [Written also
<i>skald</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A war song such as was of yore chanted on the field of
battle by the <i>scalds</i> of the yet heathen Saxons.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scald"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Scandinavian
poet; a scald.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scald"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Scald</i>, a. +
<i>fish</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European flounder
(<i>Arnoglossus laterna</i>, or <i>Psetta arnoglossa</i>); -- called
also <i>megrim</i>, and <i>smooth sole</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scald"ic</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the scalds of the Norsemen; as, <i>scaldic</i>
poetry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scale</hw> (sk&amacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sc&amacr;le</i>; perhaps influenced by the kindred Icel.
<i>sk&amacr;l</i> balance, dish, akin also to D. <i>schaal</i> a
scale, bowl, shell, G. <i>schale</i>, OHG. <i>sc&amacr;la</i>, Dan.
<i>skaal</i> drinking cup, bowl, dish, and perh. to E. <i>scale</i> of
a fish. Cf. <u>Scale</u> of a fish, <u>Skull</u> the brain case.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The dish of a balance; hence, the balance
itself; an instrument or machine for weighing; as, to turn the
<i>scale</i>; -- chiefly used in the plural when applied to the whole
instrument or apparatus for weighing. Also used
figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Long time in even <i>scale</i><BR>
The battle hung.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>scales</i> are turned; her kindness weighs no
more<BR>
Now than my vows.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The sign or
constellation Libra.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Platform scale</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Platform</u>.</cd>  </p>

<p><hw>Scale</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scaled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scaling</u>.] <def>To weigh or measure according to a scale; to
measure; also, to grade or vary according to a scale or
system.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Scaling</i> his present bearing with his
past.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To</b></col> <col><b>scale, or scale down</b></col>,
<col><b>a debt, wages, etc.</b></col>, <cd>to reduce a debt, etc.,
according to a fixed ratio or scale.</cd> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Scale</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>scealu</i>,
<i>scalu</i>, a shell, parings; akin to D. <i>schaal</i>, G.
<i>schale</i>, OHG. <i>scala</i>, Dan. & Sw. <i>skal</i> a shell, Dan.
<i>ski&aelig;l</i> a fish scale, Goth. <i>skalja</i> tile, and E.
<i>shale</i>, <i>shell</i>, and perhaps also to <i>scale</i> of a
balance; but perhaps rather fr. OF. <i>escale</i>, <i>escaile</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;caille</i> scale of a fish, and <i>&eacute;cale</i> shell
of beans, pease, eggs, nuts, of German origin, and akin to Goth.
<i>skalja</i>, G. <i>schale</i>. See <u>Shale</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the small, thin, membranous, bony or horny
pieces which form the covering of many fishes and reptiles, and some
mammals, belonging to the dermal part of the skeleton, or
dermoskeleton. See <u>Cycloid</u>, <u>Ctenoid</u>, and
<u>Ganoid</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fish that, with their fins and shining
<i>scales</i>,<BR>
Glide under the green wave.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, any layer or leaf of metal or other
material, resembling in size and thinness the scale of a fish; as, a
<i>scale</i> of iron, of bone, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the small
scalelike structures covering parts of some invertebrates, as those on
the wings of Lepidoptera and on the body of Thysanura; the elytra of
certain annelids. See <u>Lepidoptera</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A scale insect. (See
below.)</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small appendage like a
rudimentary leaf, resembling the scales of a fish in form, and often
in arrangement; as, the <i>scale</i> of a bud, of a pine cone, and the
like. The name is also given to the chaff on the stems of
ferns.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The thin metallic side plate of the handle
of a pocketknife. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Pocketknife</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>An incrustation deposit on the inside of a
vessel in which water is heated, as a steam boiler.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>The thin oxide which forms
on the surface of iron forgings. It consists essentially of the
magnetic oxide, Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. Also, a similar coating
upon other metals.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Covering scale</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
hydrophyllium.</cd> -- <col><b>Ganoid scale</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Ganoid</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Scale
armor</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>armor made of small metallic scales
overlapping, and fastened upon leather or cloth.</cd> -- <col><b>Scale
beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the tiger beetle.</cd> --
<col><b>Scale carp</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a carp having
normal scales.</cd> -- <col><b>Scale insect</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species of small
hemipterous insects belonging to the family <i>Coccid&aelig;</i>, in
which the females, when adult, become more or less scalelike in form.
They are found upon the leaves and twigs of various trees and shrubs,
and often do great damage to fruit trees. See <u>Orange
scale</u>,under <u>Orange</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Scale moss</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any leafy-stemmed moss of the order
<i>Hepatic&aelig;</i>; -- so called from the small imbricated
scalelike leaves of most of the species. See <u>Hepatica</u>, 2, and
<u>Jungermannia</u>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1282 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Scale</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To strip or clear of scale or scales; as, to <i>scale</i> a fish;
to <i>scale</i> the inside of a boiler.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take off in thin layers or scales, as
tartar from the teeth; to pare off, as a surface.</def> "If all the
mountains were <i>scaled</i>, and the earth made even." <i>T.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To scatter; to spread.</def> [Scot. & Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>To clean, as the inside of a
cannon, by the explosion of a small quantity of powder.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scale</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
separate and come off in thin layers or lamin&aelig;; as, some
sandstone <i>scales</i> by exposure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those that cast their shell are the lobster and crab;
the old skins are found, but the old shells never; so it is likely
that they <i>scale</i> off.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To separate; to scatter.</def> [Scot. &
Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scale</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>scalae</i>, pl.,
<i>scala</i> staircase, ladder; akin to <i>scandere</i> to climb. See
<u>Scan</u>; cf. <u>Escalade</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A ladder; a
series of steps; a means of ascending.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, anything graduated, especially when
employed as a measure or rule, or marked by lines at regular
intervals.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A mathematical
instrument, consisting of a slip of wood, ivory, or metal, with one or
more sets of spaces graduated and numbered on its surface, for
measuring or laying off distances, etc., as in drawing, plotting, and
the like. See <u>Gunter's scale</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
series of spaces marked by lines, and representing proportionately
larger distances; as, a <i>scale</i> of miles, yards, feet, etc., for
a map or plan.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A basis for a numeral
system; as, the decimal <i>scale</i>; the binary <i>scale</i>,
etc.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The graduated series
of all the tones, ascending or descending, from the keynote to its
octave; -- called also the <i>gamut</i>. It may be repeated through
any number of octaves. See <i>Chromatic scale</i>, <i>Diatonic
scale</i>, <i>Major scale</i>, and <i>Minor scale</i>, under
<u>Chromatic</u>, <u>Diatonic</u>, <u>Major</u>, and
<u>Minor</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Gradation; succession of ascending and
descending steps and degrees; progressive series; scheme of
comparative rank or order; as, a <i>scale</i> of being.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a certain <i>scale</i> of duties . . . which
for want of studying in right order, all the world is in
confusion.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Relative dimensions, without difference in
proportion of parts; size or degree of the parts or components in any
complex thing, compared with other like things; especially, the
relative proportion of the linear dimensions of the parts of a
drawing, map, model, etc., to the dimensions of the corresponding
parts of the object that is represented; as, a map on a <i>scale</i>
of an inch to a mile.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scale of chords</b></col>, <cd>a graduated scale on which
are given the lengths of the chords of arcs from 0&deg; to 90&deg; in
a circle of given radius, -- used in measuring given angles and in
plotting angles of given numbers of degrees.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scale</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. It. <i>scalare</i>,
fr. L. <i>scalae</i>, <i>scala</i>. See <u>Scale</u> a ladder.]
<def>To climb by a ladder, or as if by a ladder; to ascend by steps or
by climbing; to clamber up; as, to <i>scale</i> the wall of a
fort.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Oft have I <i>scaled</i> the craggy oak.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scale</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To lead up by steps;
to ascend.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Satan from hence, now on the lower stair,<BR>
That <i>scaled</i> by steps of gold to heaven-gate,<BR>
Looks down with wonder.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scale"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of marine annelids of the family
<i>Polynoid&aelig;</i>, and allies, which have two rows of scales, or
elytra, along the back. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Ch&aelig;topoda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scale"beam`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The lever or beam of a balance; the lever of a platform scale, to
which the poise for weighing is applied.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A weighing apparatus with a sliding weight,
resembling a steelyard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scale"board`</hw> (?; <i>commonly</i> &?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [3d <i>scale</i> + <i>board</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A thin slip of wood used to
justify a page.</def> [Obs.] <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thin veneer of leaf of wood used for
covering the surface of articles of furniture, and the like.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scaleboard plane</b></col>, <cd>a plane for cutting from a
board a wide shaving forming a scaleboard.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scaled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Covered with scales, or scalelike structures; -- said of a fish,
a reptile, a moth, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without scales, or with the scales removed;
as, <i>scaled</i> herring.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having feathers which
in form, color, or arrangement somewhat resemble scales; as, the
<i>scaled</i> dove.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scaled dove</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any American
dove of the genus <i>Scardafella</i>. Its colored feather tips
resemble scales.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scale"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
scales.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sca*lene"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scalenus</i>,
Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>scal&egrave;ne</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Geom.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having the sides and angles
unequal; -- said of a triangle.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having
the axis inclined to the base, as a cone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Designating several triangular muscles called <i>scalene
muscles</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to the
scalene muscles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scalene muscles</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a group of
muscles, usually three on each side in man, extending from the
cervical vertebr&aelig; to the first and second ribs.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sca*lene"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A
triangle having its sides and angles unequal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sca*le`no*he"dral</hw>
(sk&adot;*l&emacr;`n&osl;*h&emacr;"dr<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a
scalenohedron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sca*le`no*he"dron</hw> (-dr&obreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>skalhno`s</grk> uneven + <grk>"e`dra</grk> seat, base.]
<i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A pyramidal form under the rhombohedral
system, inclosed by twelve faces, each a scalene triangle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scal"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, scales; specifically, a dentist's instrument for removing
tartar from the teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scale"-winged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the wings covered with small scalelike
structures, as the Lepidoptera; scaly-winged.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scal"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being scaly; roughness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scal"ing</hw> (sk&amacr;l"&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Adapted for removing scales, as from a fish;
as, a <i>scaling</i> knife; adapted for removing scale, as from the
interior of a steam boiler; as, a <i>scaling</i> hammer, bar,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Serving as an aid in clambering; as, a
<i>scaling</i> ladder, used in assaulting a fortified place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scal*io"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Scagliola</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scall</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>skalli</i> a
bald head. Cf. <u>Scald</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A scurf or
scabby disease, especially of the scalp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a dry <i>scall</i>, even a leprosy upon the
head.</blockquote> <i>Lev. xiii. 30.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scall</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Scabby; scurfy.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scalled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Scabby; scurfy;
scall.</def> [Obs.] "With <i>scalled</i> brows black."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Scalled head</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See <i>Scald
head</i>, under <u>Scald</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Scal"lion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>escalone</i>,
<i>eschaloingne</i>, L. <i>caepa Ascalonia</i> onion of Ascalon;
<i>caepa</i> onion + <i>Ascalonius</i> of Ascalon,  fr. <i>Ascalo</i>
Ascalon, a town in Palestine. Cf. <u>Shallot</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of small onion (<i>Allium Ascalonicum</i>),
native of Palestine; the eschalot, or shallot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any onion which does not "bottom out," but
remains with a thick stem like a leek.</def> <i>Amer. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scal"lop</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>escalope</i> a shell, probably of German or Dutch origin, and akin
to E. <i>scale of a fish</i>; cf. D. <i>schelp</i> shell. See
<u>Scale</u> of a fish, and cf. <u>Escalop</u>.] [Written also
<i>scollop</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one
of numerous species of marine bivalve mollusks of the genus Pecten and
allied genera of the family <i>Pectinid&aelig;</i>. The shell is
usually radially ribbed, and the edge is therefore often undulated in
a characteristic manner. The large adductor muscle of some the species
is much used as food. One species (<i>Vola Jacob&aelig;us</i>) occurs
on the coast of Palestine, and its shell was formerly worn by pilgrims
as a mark that they had been to the Holy Land. Called also <i>fan
shell</i>. See <u>Pecten</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common edible scallop of the Eastern United States is
<i>Pecten irradians</i>; the large sea scallop, also used as food, is
<i>P. Clintonius, or tenuicostatus</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of series of segments of circles joined
at their extremities, forming a border like the edge or surface of a
scallop shell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One of the shells of a scallop; also, a
dish resembling a scallop shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scal"lop</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scalloped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scalloping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To mark or cut the edge or
border of into segments of circles, like the edge or surface of a
scallop shell. See <u>Scallop</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>To bake in scallop shells
or dishes; to prepare with crumbs of bread or cracker, and bake. See
<i>Scalloped oysters</i>, below.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scal"loped</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Furnished with a scallop; made or done with or in a
scallop.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the edge or border cut or marked
with segments of circles. See <u>Scallop</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>Baked in a scallop; cooked
with crumbs.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scalloped oysters</b></col> <i>(Cookery)</i>, <cd>opened
oysters baked in a deep dish with alternate layers of bread or cracker
crumbs, seasoned with pepper, nutmeg, and butter. This was at first
done in scallop shells.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scal"lop*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who fishes
for scallops.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scal"lop*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fishing for
scallops.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scalp</hw> (sk&abreve;lp), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Scallop</u>.] <def>A bed of oysters or mussels.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Scalp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps akin to D.
<i>schelp</i> shell. Cf. <u>Scallop</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
part of the integument of the head which is usually covered with
hair.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By the bare <i>scalp</i> of Robin Hodd's fat friar,<BR>
This fellow were a king for our wild faction!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A part of the skin of the head, with the
hair attached, cut or torn off from an enemy by the Indian warriors of
North America, as a token of victory.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: The top; the summit.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Scalp lock</b></col>, <cd>a long tuft of hair left on the
crown of the head by the warriors of some tribes of American
Indians.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scalp</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scalped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scalping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of the scalp; to
cut or tear the scalp from the head of.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>To remove the skin
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We must <i>scalp</i> the whole lid [of the
eye].</blockquote> <i>J. S. Wells.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Milling)</i> <def>To brush the hairs or fuzz
from, as wheat grains, in the process of high milling.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scalp</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a small, quick
profit by slight fluctuations of the market; -- said of brokers who
operate in this way on their own account.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Scal"pel</hw> (sk&abreve;l"p&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>scalpellum</i>, dim. of <i>scalprum</i> a knife, akin to
<i>scalpere</i> to cut, carve, scrape: cf. F. <i>scalpel</i>.]
<i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A small knife with a thin, keen blade, -- used by
surgeons, and in dissecting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scalper</hw> (sk&abreve;lp"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, scalps.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>Same as <i>Scalping
iron</i>, under <u>Scalping</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A broker who, dealing on his own account,
tries to get a small and quick profit from slight fluctuations of the
market.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A person who buys and sells the unused
parts of railroad tickets.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Scalp"ing</hw> (sk&abreve;lp"&ibreve;ng), <def><pos><i>a. &
n.</i></pos> from <u>Scalp</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scalping iron</b></col> <i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>an instrument
used in scraping foul and carious bones; a raspatory.</cd> --
<col><b>Scalping knife</b></col>, <cd>a knife used by North American
Indians in scalping.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scal"pri*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scalprum</i> chisel, knife + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Shaped like a chisel; as, the <i>scalpriform</i> incisors of
rodents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scal"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Covered or abounding with scales; as, a <i>scaly</i> fish.</def>
"<i>Scaly</i> crocodile." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling scales, lamin&aelig;, or
layers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Mean; low; as, a <i>scaly</i> fellow.</def>
[Low]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Composed of scales lying over
each other; as, a <i>scaly</i> bulb; covered with scales; as, a
<i>scaly</i> stem.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scaly ant-eater</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
pangolin.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scal"y-winged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Scale-winged.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scam"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scambled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scambling</u>.] [Cf. OD. <i>schampelen</i> to deviate, to slip,
<i>schampen</i> to go away, escape, slip, and E. <i>scamper</i>,
<i>shamble</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move awkwardly; to be
shuffling, irregular, or unsteady; to sprawl; to shamble.</def> "Some
<i>scambling</i> shifts." <i>Dr. H. More.</i> "A fine old hall, but a
<i>scambling</i> house." <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move about pushing and jostling; to be
rude and turbulent; to scramble.</def> "The <i>scambling</i> and
unquiet time did push it out of . . . question." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scam"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mangle.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scam"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>1. One who
scambles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bold intruder upon the hospitality of
others; a mealtime visitor.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Scam"bling*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
scambling manner; with turbulence and noise; with bold
intrusiveness.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scam"ell</hw> (?), or <hw>Scam"mel</hw> },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The female bar-tailed
godwit.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p>&fist; Whether this is the <i>scamel</i> mentioned by Shakespeare
["Tempest," ii. 2] is not known.</p>

<p><hw>||Sca*mil"lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scamilli</b></plw> (#). [L., originally, a little bench, dim.
of <i>scamnum</i> bench, stool.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A sort of second
plinth or block, below the bases of Ionic and Corinthian columns,
generally without moldings, and of smaller size horizontally than the
pedestal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scam*mo"ni*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made from
scammony; as, a <i>scammoniate</i> aperient.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scam"mo*ny</hw> (sk&abreve;m"m&osl;*n&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>scammon&eacute;e</i>, L. <i>scammonia</i>,
<i>scammonea</i>, Gr. <grk>skammwni`a</grk>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of bindweed or Convolvulus (<i>C.
Scammonia</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An inspissated sap obtained from the root
of the <i>Convolvulus Scammonia</i>, of a blackish gray color, a
nauseous smell like that of old cheese, and a somewhat acrid taste. It
is used in medicine as a cathartic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scamp</hw> (sk&abreve;mp), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>escamper</i> to run away, to make one's escape. Originally, one who
runs away, a fugitive, a vagabond. See <u>Scamper</u>.] <def>A rascal;
a swindler; a rogue.</def> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scamp</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Scamp</u>,<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, or <u>Scant</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and <u>Skimp</u>.] <def>To perform in a hasty,
neglectful, or imperfect manner; to do superficially.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A workman is said to <i>scamp</i> his work when he does
it in a superficial, dishonest manner.</blockquote>
<i>Wedgwood.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Much of the <i>scamping</i> and dawdling complained of
is that of men in establishments of good repute.</blockquote> <i>T.
Hughes.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Scam`pa*vi"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>A
long, low war galley used by the Neapolitans and Sicilians in the
early part of the nineteenth century.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scam"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scampered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scampering</u>.] [OF. <i>escamper</i> to escape, to save one's
self; L. <i>ex</i> from + <i>campus</i> the field (sc. of battle). See
<u>Camp</u>, and cf. <u>Decamp</u>, <u>Scamp</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Shamble</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To
run with speed; to run or move in a quick, hurried manner; to hasten
away.</def> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The lady, however, . . . could not help
<i>scampering</i> about the room after a mouse.</blockquote> <i>S.
Sharpe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scam"per</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A scampering; a hasty
flight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scam"per*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
scampers.</def> <i>Tyndell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scamp"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or like a
scamp; knavish; as, <i>scampish</i> conduct.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scan</hw> (sk&abreve;n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Scanned</u> (sk&abreve;nd); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Scanning</u>.] [L. <i>scandere</i>, <i>scansum</i>, to
climb, to scan, akin to Skr. <i>skand</i> to spring, leap: cf. F.
<i>scander</i>. Cf. <u>Ascend</u>, <u>Descend</u>, <u>Scale</u> a
ladder.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To mount by steps; to go through with
step by step.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Nor stayed till she the highest stage had
<i>scand</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically <i>(Pros.)</i>, to go through
with, as a verse, marking and distinguishing the feet of which it is
composed; to show, in reading, the metrical structure of; to recite
metrically.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To go over and examine point by point; to
examine with care; to look closely at or into; to
scrutinize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The actions of men in high stations are all
conspicuous, and liable to be <i>scanned</i> and sifted.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scan"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>scandale</i>,
fr. L. <i>scandalum</i>, Gr. &?;, a snare laid for an enemy, a
stumbling block, offense, scandal: cf. OE. <i>scandle</i>, OF.
<i>escandle</i>. See <u>Slander</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Offense
caused or experienced; reproach or reprobation called forth by what is
regarded as wrong, criminal, heinous, or flagrant: opprobrium or
disgrace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, what a <i>scandal</i> is it to our crown,<BR>
That two such noble peers as ye should jar!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[I] have brought <i>scandal</i><BR>
To Israel, diffidence of God, and doubt<BR>
In feeble hearts.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Reproachful aspersion; opprobrious censure;
defamatory talk, uttered heedlessly or maliciously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You must not put another <i>scandal</i> on
him.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My known virtue is from <i>scandal</i>
free.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Equity)</i> <def>Anything alleged in
pleading which is impertinent, and is reproachful to any person, or
which derogates from the dignity of the court, or is contrary to good
manners.</def> <i>Daniell.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Defamation; detraction; slander; calumny;
opprobrium; reproach; shame; disgrace.</p>

<p><! p. 1283 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Scan"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To treat opprobriously; to defame; to asperse; to traduce; to
slander.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I do fawn on men and hug them hard<BR>
And after <i>scandal</i> them.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To scandalize; to offend.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Story.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To defame; traduce; reproach; slander; calumniate;
asperse; vilify; disgrace.</p>

<p><hw>Scan"dal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Scandalized</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Scandalizing</u> (&?;).] [F. <i>scandaliser</i>, L.
<i>scandalizare</i>, from Gr. <grk>skandali`zein</grk>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To offend the feelings or the conscience of (a
person) by some action which is considered immoral or criminal; to
bring shame, disgrace, or reproach upon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I demand who they are whom we <i>scandalize</i> by
using harmless things.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The congregation looked on in silence, the better class
<i>scandalized</i>, and the lower orders, some laughing, others
backing the soldier or the minister, as their fancy
dictated.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reproach; to libel; to defame; to
slander.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To tell his tale might be interpreted into
<i>scandalizing</i> the order.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scan"dal*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>scandaleux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Giving offense to the
conscience or moral feelings; exciting reprobation; calling out
condemnation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing <i>scandalous</i> or offensive unto
any.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disgraceful to reputation; bringing shame
or infamy; opprobrious; as, a <i>scandalous</i> crime or
vice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Defamatory; libelous; as, a
<i>scandalous</i> story.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scan"dal*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a manner to give offense; shamefully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His discourse at table was <i>scandalously</i>
unbecoming the dignity of his station.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With a disposition to impute immorality or
wrong.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shun their fault, who, <i>scandalously</i> nice,<BR>
Will needs mistake an author into vice.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scan"dal*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being scandalous.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scan"da*lum mag*na"tum`</hw> (?). [L., scandal of magnates.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>A defamatory speech or writing published to the
injury of a person of dignity; -- usually abbreviated scan.
mag.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scan"dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scandens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>scandere</i> to climb.]
<def>Climbing.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Scandent plants may climb either by twining, as the hop, or
by twisted leafstalks, as the clematis, or by tendrils, as the passion
flower, or by rootlets, as the ivy.</p>

<p><hw>Scan"di*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Scandium</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A chemical earth, the oxide of
scandium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scan"dic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to scandium; derived from, or containing,
scandium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scan`di*na"vi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Scandinavia, that is, Sweden, Norway, and Denmark.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant of
Scandinavia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scan"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. So called
because found in <i>Scandinavian</i> minerals.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
rare metallic element of the boron group, whose existence was
predicted under the provisional name <i>ekaboron</i> by means of the
periodic law, and subsequently discovered by spectrum analysis in
certain rare Scandinavian minerals (<i>euxenite</i> and
<i>gadolinite</i>). It has not yet been isolated. Symbol Sc. Atomic
weight 44.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scan"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>scansio</i>,
fr. <i>scandere</i>, <i>scansum</i>, to climb. See <u>Scan</u>.]
<i>(Pros.)</i> <def>The act of scanning; distinguishing the metrical
feet of a verse by emphasis, pauses, or otherwise.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scan*so"res</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>scandere</i>, <i>scansum</i>, to climb.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An artifical group of birds formerly regarded as an order. They
are distributed among several orders by modern
ornithologists.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The toes are in pairs, two before and two behind, by which
they are enabled to cling to, and climb upon, trees, as the
woodpeckers, parrots, cuckoos, and trogons. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Aves</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Scan*so"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Capable of climbing; as,
the woodpecker is a <i>scansorial</i> bird; adapted for climbing; as,
a <i>scansorial</i> foot.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Scansores. See <i>Illust.</i>. under
<u>Aves</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scansorial tail</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a tail
in which the feathers are stiff and sharp at the tip, as in the
woodpeckers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Scanter</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Scantest</u>.] [Icel.
<i>skamt</i>, neuter of <i>skamr</i>, <i>skammr</i>, short; cf.
<i>skamta</i> to dole out, to portion.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
full, large, or plentiful; scarcely sufficient; less than is wanted
for the purpose; scanty; meager; not enough; as, a <i>scant</i>
allowance of provisions or water; a <i>scant</i> pattern of cloth for
a garment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His sermon was <i>scant</i>, in all, a quarter of an
hour.</blockquote> <i>Ridley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sparing; parsimonious; chary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be somewhat <i>scanter</i> of your maiden
presence.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See under <u>Scanty</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Scant</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scanted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scanting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To limit; to straiten; to
treat illiberally; to stint; as, to <i>scant</i> one in provisions; to
<i>scant</i> ourselves in the use of necessaries.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where a man hath a great living laid together and where
he is <i>scanted</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am <i>scanted</i> in the pleasure of dwelling on your
actions.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cut short; to make small, narrow, or
scanty; to curtail.</def> "<i>Scant</i> not my cups." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scant</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fail, or become
less; to scantle; as, the wind <i>scants</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scant</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a scant manner; with
difficulty; scarcely; hardly.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So weak that he was <i>scant</i> able to go down the
stairs.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Scantness;
scarcity.</def> [R.] <i>T. Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scant"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a scanty
manner; not fully; not plentifully; sparingly;
parsimoniously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His mind was very <i>scantily</i> stored with
materials.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scant"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or
condition of being scanty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scan"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Dim. of
<i>scant</i>, v.] <def>To be deficient; to fail.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scan"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>escanteler</i>, <i>eschanteler</i>, to break into contles; pref.
<i>es-</i> (L. <i>ex</i>) + <i>cantel</i>, <i>chantel</i>, corner,
side, piece. Confused with E. <i>scant</i>. See <u>Cantle</u>.]
<def>To scant; to be niggard of; to divide into small pieces; to cut
short or down.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All their pay<BR>
Must your discretion <i>scantle</i>; keep it back.</blockquote> <i>J.
Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scant"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>eschantelet</i> corner.] <def>A small pattern; a small
quantity.</def> [Obs.] <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scant"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Scant</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Not plentiful; small; scanty.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scant"ling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>eschantillon</i>, F. <i>&eacute;chantillon</i>, a sample, pattern,
example. In some senses confused with <i>scant</i> insufficient. See
<u>Scantle</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
fragment; a bit; a little piece.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A piece or quantity cut for a special
purpose; a sample.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such as exceed not this <i>scantling</i>; -- to be
solace to the sovereign and harmless to the people.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A pretty <i>scantling</i> of his knowledge may taken by
his deferring to be baptized so many years.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A small quantity; a little bit; not
much.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Reducing them to narrow <i>scantlings</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece of timber sawed or cut of a small
size, as for studs, rails, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The dimensions of a piece of timber with
regard to its breadth and thickness; hence, the measure or dimensions
of anything.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A rough draught; a rude sketch or
outline.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A frame for casks to lie upon; a
trestle.</def> <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scant"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a scant manner; not fully or sufficiently; narrowly;
penuriously.</def> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Scarcely; hardly; barely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Scantly</i> they durst their feeble eyes
dispread<BR>
Upon that town.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We hold a tourney here to-morrow morn,<BR>
And there is <i>scantly</i> time for half the work.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scant"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
condition of being scant; narrowness; smallness; insufficiency;
scantiness.</def> "<i>Scantness</i> of outward things."
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scant"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Scantier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Scantiest</u>.] [From <u>Scant</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wanting amplitude or
extent; narrow; small; not abundant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His dominions were very narrow and
<i>scanty</i>.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now <i>scantier</i> limits the proud arch
confine.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Somewhat less than is needed; insufficient;
scant; as, a <i>scanty</i> supply of words; a <i>scanty</i> supply of
bread.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Sparing; niggardly; parsimonious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In illustrating a point of difficulty, be not too
<i>scanty</i> of words.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Scant; narrow; small; poor; deficient; meager;
scarce; chary; sparing; parsimonious; penurious; niggardly;
grudging.</p>

<p><hw>Scape</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>scapus</i> shaft,
stem, stalk; cf. Gr. &?; a staff: cf. F. <i>scape</i>. Cf.
<u>Scepter</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A peduncle
rising from the ground or from a subterranean stem, as in the stemless
violets, the bloodroot, and the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The long basal joint of
the antenn&aelig; of an insect.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
shaft of a column.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The apophyge of a
shaft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scape</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scaped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scaping</u>.] [Aphetic form of <i>escape</i>.] <def>To
escape.</def> [Obs. or Poetic.] <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Out of this prison help that we may
<i>scape</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scape</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
escape.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I spake of most disastrous chances, . . .<BR>
Of hairbreadth <i>scapes</i> in the imminent, deadly
breach.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Means of escape; evasion.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A freak; a slip; a fault; an
escapade.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Not pardoning so much as the <i>scapes</i> of error and
ignorance.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Loose act of vice or lewdness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scape"gal`lows</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who has
narrowly escaped the gallows for his crimes.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scape"goat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Scape</i> (for
<i>escape</i>) + <i>goat</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Jewish
Antiq.)</i> <def>A goat upon whose head were symbolically placed the
sins of the people, after which he was suffered to escape into the
wilderness.</def> <i>Lev. xvi. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a person or thing that is made to
bear blame for others.</def> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scape"grace`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A graceless,
unprincipled person; one who is wild and reckless.</def>
<i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scape"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Destitute of a scape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scape"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Scape</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>, <u>Escapement</u>.] <def>Same as
<u>Escapement</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scape"-wheel`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Horol.)</i>
<def>The wheel in an escapement (as of a clock or a watch) into the
teeth of which the pallets play.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sca*phan"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
anything hollowed + &?;, &?;, a man: cf. F. <i>scaphandre</i>.]
<def>The case, or impermeable apparel, in which a diver can work while
under water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scaph"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>ska`fh</grk>
a trough.] <def>An ancient mode of punishing criminals among the
Persians, by confining the victim in a trough, with his head and limbs
smeared with honey or the like, and exposed to the sun and to insects
until he died.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scaph"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>scapha</i> a
boat, fr. Gr. <grk>ska`fh</grk> a boat, anything dug or scooped out,
fr. <grk>ska`ptein</grk> to dig.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Any fossil
cephalopod shell of the genus <i>Scaphites</i>, belonging to the
Ammonite family and having a chambered boat-shaped shell. Scaphites
are found in the Cretaceous formation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scaph`o*ce*phal"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or affected with,
scaphocephaly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scaph`o*ceph"a*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ska`fh</grk> a boat + <grk>kefalh`</grk> head.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>A deformed condition of the skull, in which the vault is narrow,
elongated, and more or less boat-shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scaph`o*ce"rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ska`fh</grk> boat + E. <i>cerite</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
flattened plate or scale attached to the second joint of the
antenn&aelig; of many Crustacea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sca*phog"na*thite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ska`fh</grk> boat + <grk>gna`qos</grk> jaw.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A thin leafike appendage (the exopodite) of the second maxilla of
decapod crustaceans. It serves as a pumping organ to draw the water
through the gill cavity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scaph"oid</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ska`fh</grk> a boat + <i>-oid</i>: cf. F. <i>scapho&iuml;de</i>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Resembling a boat in form; boat-shaped.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The scaphoid bone.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scaphoid bone</b></col> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>One of the
carpal bones, which articulates with the radius; the radiale</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>One of the tarsal bones; the navicular bone.
See under <u>Navicular</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scaph`o*lu"nar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Scapho</i>id
+ <i>lunar</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the scaphoid
and lunar bones of the carpus.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
scapholunar bone.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scapholunar bone</b></col>, <cd>a bone formed by the
coalescence of the scaphoid and lunar in the carpus of
carnivora.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Sca*phop"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. <grk>ska`fh</grk> a boat + <i>-poda</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A class of marine cephalate Mollusca having a tubular shell open
at both ends, a pointed or spadelike foot for burrowing, and many
long, slender, prehensile oral tentacles. It includes Dentalium, or
the tooth shells, and other similar shells. Called also
<i>Prosopocephala</i>, and <i>Solenoconcha</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sca"pi*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Resembling a scape, or flower stem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scap"o*lite</hw> (sk&abreve;p"&osl;*l&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a staff, or L. <i>scapus</i> a stem,
stalk + <i>-lite</i>: cf. F. <i>scapolite</i>.] <i>(Mon.)</i> <def>A
grayish white mineral occuring in tetragonal crystals and in cleavable
masses. It is essentially a silicate of alumina and soda.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>scapolite group</i> includes scapolite proper, or
wernerite, also meionite, dipyre, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Scap"ple</hw> (sk&abreve;p"p'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
OF. <i>eskapeler</i>, <i>eschapler</i>, to cut, hew, LL.
<i>scapellare</i>. Cf. <u>Scabble</u>.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To
work roughly, or shape without finishing, as stone before leaving the
quarry.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To dress in any way short of
fine tooling or rubbing, as stone.</def> <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scap"u*la</hw> (sk&abreve;p"&usl;*l&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L. <plw><b>Scapul&aelig;</b></plw>
(#), E. <plw><b>Scapulas</b></plw> (#). [L.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The principal bone of the shoulder girdle in
mammals; the shoulder blade.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the plates from
which the arms of a crinoid arise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scap"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>scapulaire</i>. Cf. <u>Scapulary</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the
scapula or the shoulder.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scapular arch</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the pectoral
arch. See under <u>pectoral</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Scapular
region</b></col>, or <col><b>Scapular tract</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a definite longitudinal area over the
shoulder and along each side of the back of a bird, from which the
scapular feathers arise.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scap"u*lar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of a special group of feathers which arise from each of the
scapular regions and lie along the sides of the back.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scap"u*lar</hw> (?), <hw>Scap"u*la*ry</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>scapulaire</i>, LL. <i>scapularium</i>,
<i>scapulare</i>, fr. L. <i>scapula</i> shoulder blade.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A loose
sleeveless vestment falling in front and behind, worn by certain
religious orders and devout persons.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The name given to two pieces of cloth worn under the ordinary
garb and over the shoulders as an act of devotion.</def> <i>Addis &
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A bandage passing over the
shoulder to support it, or to retain another bandage in
place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scap"u*la*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Scapular</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Scap"u*la*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as 2d and 3d <u>Scapular</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scap"u*let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of
<i>scapula</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A secondary mouth fold
developed at the base of each of the armlike lobes of the manubrium of
many rhizostome medus&aelig;. See <i>Illustration</i> in
Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scap"u*lo-</hw> (&?;). <def>A combining form used in anatomy to
indicate <i>connection with</i>, or <i>relation to</i>, <i>the
scapula</i> or <i>the shoulder</i>; as, the <i>scapulo</i>-clavicular
articulation, the articulation between the scapula and
clavicle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sca"pus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>See 1st
<u>Scape</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>escare</i>, F.
<i>eschare</i> an eschar, a dry slough (cf. It. & Sp. <i>escara</i>),
L. <i>eschara</i>, fr. Gr. &?; hearth, fireplace, scab, eschar. Cf.
<u>Eschar</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mark in the skin or flesh of
an animal, made by a wound or ulcer, and remaining after the wound or
ulcer is healed; a cicatrix; a mark left by a previous injury; a
blemish; a disfigurement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This earth had the beauty of youth, . . . and not a
wrinkle, <i>scar</i>, or fracture on all its body.</blockquote> <i>T.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A mark left upon a stem or
branch by the fall of a leaf, leaflet, or frond, or upon a seed by the
separation of its support. See <i>Illust.</i>. under
<u>Axillary</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scar</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scarred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scarring</u>.] <def>To mark with a scar or scars.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet I'll not shed her blood;<BR>
Nor <i>scar</i> that whiter skin of hers than snow.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His cheeks were deeply <i>scarred</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scar</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To form a
scar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot. <i>scar</i>,
<i>scaur</i>, Icel. <i>sker</i> a skerry, an isolated rock in the sea;
akin to Dan. <i>ski&aelig;r</i>, Sw. <i>sk&auml;r</i>. Cf.
<u>Skerry</u>.] <def>An isolated or protruding rock; a steep, rocky
eminence; a bare place on the side of a mountain or steep bank of
earth.</def> [Written also <i>scaur</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>O sweet and far, from cliff and <i>scar</i>,<BR>
The horns of Elfland faintly blowing.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>scarus</i>, a kind of
fish, Gr. <grk>ska`ros</grk>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A marine food
fish, the scarus, or parrot fish.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1284 pr=PCP !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scar"ab</hw> (?), <hw>Scar"a*bee</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>scarabaeus</i>; cf. F.
<i>scarab&eacute;e</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of lamellicorn beetles of the genus <i>Scarab&aelig;us</i>, or
family <i>Scarab&aelig;id&aelig;</i>, especially the sacred, or
Egyptian, species (<i>Scarab&aelig;us sacer</i>, and <i>S.
Egyptiorum</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scar`a*b&aelig;"us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Scarab</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scar"a*boid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Scarab</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the family
<i>Scarab&aelig;id&aelig;</i>, an extensive group which includes the
Egyptian scarab, the tumbledung, and many similar lamellicorn
beetles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scar"a*boid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A scaraboid beetle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scar"a*mouch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>scaramouche</i>, It. <i>scaramuccio</i>, <i>scaramuccia</i>,
originally the name of a celebrated Italian comedian; cf. It.
<i>scaramuccia</i>, <i>scaramuccio</i>, F. <i>escarmouche</i>,
skirmish. Cf. <u>Skirmish</u>.] <def>A personage in the old Italian
comedy (derived from Spain) characterized by great boastfulness and
poltroonery; hence, a person of like characteristics; a
buffoon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scarce</hw> (sk&acirc;rs), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Scarcer</u> (sk&acirc;r"s&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Scarcest</u>.] [OE. <i>scars</i>, OF.
<i>escars</i>, <i>eschars</i>, LL. <i>scarpsus</i>, <i>excarpsus</i>,
for L. <i>excerptus</i>, p. p. of <i>excerpere</i> to pick out, and
hence to contract, to shorten; <i>ex</i> (see <u>Ex-</u>) +
<i>carpere</i>. See <u>Carpet</u>, and cf. <u>Excerp</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not plentiful or abundant; in small quantity
in proportion to the demand; not easily to be procured; rare;
uncommon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You tell him silver is <i>scarcer</i> now in England,
and therefore risen one fifth in value.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>scarcest</i> of all is a Pescennius Niger on a
medallion well preserved.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Scantily supplied (with); deficient (in); -
- with <i>of</i>.</def> [Obs.] "A region <i>scarce</i> of prey."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Sparing; frugal; parsimonious;
stingy.</def> [Obs.] "Too <i>scarce</i> ne too sparing."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To make one's self scarce</b></col>, <cd>to decamp; to
depart.</cd> [Slang]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Rare; infrequent; deficient. See <u>Rare</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Scarce</hw>, <hw>Scarce"ly</hw> }, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>With difficulty; hardly; scantly; barely; but
just.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With a <i>scarce</i> well-lighted flame.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The eldest <i>scarcely</i> five year was of
age.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Slowly she sails, and <i>scarcely</i> stems the
tides.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He had <i>scarcely</i> finished, when the laborer
arrived who had been sent for my ransom.</blockquote> <i>W.
Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Frugally; penuriously.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scarce"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch. &
Engin.)</i> <def>An offset where a wall or bank of earth, etc.,
retreats, leaving a shelf or footing.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scarce"ness</hw> (?), <hw>Scar"ci*ty</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or condition of being scarce;
smallness of quantity in proportion to the wants or demands;
deficiency; lack of plenty; short supply; penury; as, a
<i>scarcity</i> of grain; a great <i>scarcity</i> of beauties.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>scarcity</i> of snow would raise a mutiny at
Naples.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Praise . . . owes its value to its
<i>scarcity</i>.</blockquote> <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The value of an advantage is enhanced by its
<i>scarceness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Deficiency; lack; want; penury; dearth; rareness;
rarity; infrequency.</p>

<p><hw>Scard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shard or
fragment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scare</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scaring</u>.] [OE. <i>skerren</i>, <i>skeren</i>, Icel.
<i>skirra</i> to bar, prevent, <i>skirrask</i> to shun , shrink from;
or fr. OE. <i>skerre</i>, adj., scared, Icel. <i>skjarr</i>; both
perhaps akin to E. <i>sheer</i> to turn.] <def>To frighten; to strike
with sudden fear; to alarm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The noise of thy crossbow<BR>
Will <i>scare</i> the herd, and so my shoot is lost.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To scare away</b></col>, <cd>to drive away by
frightening.</cd> -- <col><b>To scare up</b></col>, <cd>to find by
search, as if by beating for game.</cd> [Slang]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To alarm; frighten; startle; affright; terrify.</p>

<p><hw>Scare</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fright; esp., sudden
fright produced by a trifling cause, or originating in mistake.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Scare"crow`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Anything set up to frighten crows or other birds from cornfields;
hence, anything terifying without danger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>scarecrow</i> set to frighten fools
away.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person clad in rags and
tatters.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No eye hath seen such <i>scarecrows</i>. I'll not march
with them through Coventry, that's flat.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The black tern.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scare"fire`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An alarm of fire.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fire causing alarm.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scarf</hw> (sk&auml;rf), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>skarfr</i>.] <def>A cormorant.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Scarf</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scarfs</b></plw>, rarely <plw><b>Scarves</b></plw>
(sk&auml;rvz). [Cf. OF. <i>escharpe</i> a pilgrim's scrip, or wallet
(hanging about the neck), F. <i>&eacute;charpe</i> sash, scarf;
probably from OHG. <i>scharpe</i> pocket; also (from the French) Dan.
<i>ski&aelig;rf</i>; Sw. <i>sk&auml;rp</i>, Prov. G.
<i>sch&auml;rfe</i>, LG. <i>scherf</i>, G. <i>sch&auml;rpe</i>; and
also AS. <i>scearf</i> a fragment; possibly akin to E. <i>scrip</i> a
wallet. Cf. <u>Scarp</u> a scarf.] <def>An article of dress of a light
and decorative character, worn loosely over the shoulders or about the
neck or the waist; a light shawl or handkerchief for the neck; also, a
cravat; a neckcloth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Put on your hood and <i>scarf</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With care about the banners, <i>scarves</i>, and
staves.</blockquote> <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scarf</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scarfed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scarfing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To throw on loosely; to put
on like a scarf.</def> "My sea-gown <i>scarfed</i> about me."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dress with a scarf, or as with a scarf;
to cover with a loose wrapping.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scarf</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Sw. <i>skarfva</i> to eke
out, to join together, <i>skarf</i> a seam, joint; cf. Dan.
<i>skarre</i> to joint, to unite timber, Icel. <i>skara</i> to clinch
the planks of a boat, G. <i>scharben</i> to chop, to cut small.]
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To form a scarf on the end or edge of, as for
a joint in timber, metal rods, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To
unite, as two pieces of timber or metal, by a scarf joint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scarf</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>In a piece which is to be united to another by a scarf joint, the
part of the end or edge that is tapered off, rabbeted, or notched so
as to be thinner than the rest of the piece.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A scarf joint.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scarf joint</b></col> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A joint made
by overlapping and bolting or locking together the ends of two pieces
of timber that are halved, notched, or cut away so that they will fit
each other and form a lengthened beam of the same size at the junction
as elsewhere</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A joint formed by welding,
riveting, or brazing together the overlapping scarfed ends, or edges,
of metal rods, sheets, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Scarf weld</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Weld</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scarf"skin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>See <u>Epidermis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scar`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scarificatio</i>: cf. F. <i>scarification</i>.] <def>The act of
scarifying.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scar"i*fi*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>scarificateur</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An instrument, principally
used in cupping, containing several lancets moved simultaneously by a
spring, for making slight incisions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scar"i*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who scarifies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The instrument used for
scarifying.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>An implement for stripping
and loosening the soil, without bringing up a fresh surface.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You have your <i>scarifiers</i> to make the ground
clean.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scar"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scarified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scarifying</u> (?).] [F. <i>scarifier</i>, L. <i>scarificare</i>,
<i>scarifare</i>, fr. Gr. &?; to scratch up, fr. &?; a pointed
instrument.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To scratch or cut the skin of;
esp. <i>(Med.)</i>, to make small incisions in, by means of a lancet
or scarificator, so as to draw blood from the smaller vessels without
opening a large vein.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>To stir the surface soil
of, as a field.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sca"ri*ose</hw> (?), <hw>Sca"ri*ous</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>scarieux</i>, NL. <i>scariosus</i>. Cf.
<u>Scary</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Thin, dry, membranous, and not
green.</def> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scar`la*ti"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.: cf. F.
<i>scarlatine</i>. See <u>Scarlet</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Scarlet
fever.</def> -- <wf>Scar`la*ti"nal</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> --
<wf>Scar*lat"i*nous</wf> (# or #), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Scar"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
scar.</def> <i>Drummond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scar"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>scarlat</i>,
<i>scarlet</i>, OF. <i>escarlate</i>, F. <i>&eacute;carlate</i> (cf.
Pr. <i>escarlat</i>, <i>escarlata</i>, Sp. & Pg. <i>escarlata</i>, It.
<i>scarlatto</i>, LL. <i>scarlatum</i>), from Per.
<i>sakirl&amacr;t</i>.] <def>A deep bright red tinged with orange or
yellow, -- of many tints and shades; a vivid or bright red
color.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cloth of a scarlet color.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All her household are clothed with
<i>scarlet</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xxxi. 21.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scar"let</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the color called
scarlet; as, a <i>scarlet</i> cloth or thread.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scarlet admiral</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the red
admiral. See under <u>Red</u>. -- Scarlet bean <i>(Bot.)</i>, a kind
of bean (<i>Phaseolus multiflorus</i>) having scarlet flowers; scarlet
runner.</cd> -- <col><b>Scarlet fever</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a
contagious febrile disease characterized by inflammation of the fauces
and a scarlet rash, appearing usually on the second day, and ending in
desquamation about the sixth or seventh day.</cd> -- <col><b>Scarlet
fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the telescope fish; -- so
called from its red color. See under <u>Telescope</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Scarlet ibis</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Ibis</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Scarlet maple</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>the red maple. See <u>Maple</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Scarlet
mite</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species of
bright red carnivorous mites found among grass and moss, especially
<i>Thombidium holosericeum</i> and allied species. The young are
parasitic upon spiders and insects.</cd> -- <col><b>Scarlet
oak</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species of oak (<i>Quercus
coccinea</i>) of the United States; -- so called from the scarlet
color of its leaves in autumn.</cd> -- <col><b>Scarlet
runner</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the scarlet bean.</cd> --
<col><b>Scarlet tanager</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Tanager</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scar"let</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To dye or tinge
with scarlet.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The ashy paleness of my cheek<BR>
Is <i>scarleted</i> in ruddy flakes of wrath.</blockquote>
<i>Ford.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scar"mage</hw> (?), <hw>Scar"moge</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A slight contest; a skirmish. See
<u>Skirmish</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such cruel game my <i>scarmoges</i>
disarms.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scarn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>skarn</i>; akin
to AS. <i>scearn</i>. Cf. <u>Shearn</u>.] <def>Dung.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.] <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Scarn bee</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a dung
beetle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sca"roid</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Scarus</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
<i>Scarid&aelig;</i>, a family of marine fishes including the parrot
fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scarp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>escharpe</i>. See
2d <u>Scarf</u>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A band in the same position as
the bend sinister, but only half as broad as the latter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scarp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Aphetic form of
<u>Escarp</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>The slope of
the ditch nearest the parapet; the escarp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A steep descent or declivity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scarp</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scarped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scarping</u>.] <def>To cut down perpendicularly, or nearly so; as,
to <i>scarp</i> the face of a ditch or a rock.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From <i>scarped</i> cliff and quarried
stone.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sweep ruins from the <i>scarped</i>
mountain.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scar"ring</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A scar; a
mark.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We find upon the limestone rocks the <i>scarrings</i>
of the ancient glacier which brought the bowlder here.</blockquote>
<i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scar"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bearing scars or
marks of wounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scar"ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See 4th <u>Scar</u>.]
<def>Like a scar, or rocky eminence; containing scars.</def>
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sca"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See <u>Scar</u> a
kind of fish.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A Mediterranean food fish
(<i>Sparisoma scarus</i>) of excellent quality and highly valued by
the Romans; -- called also <i>parrot fish</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sca"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>scare</i>
scraggy.] <def>Barren land having only a thin coat of grass.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scar"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Scare</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Subject to sudden alarm.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]
<i>Whittier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Causing fright; alarming.</def> [Colloq. U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Scase"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Scarcely;
hardly.</def> [Obs. or Colloq.] <i>Robynson (More's Utopia)</i></p>

<p><hw>Scat</hw> (sk&abreve;t), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>Go
away; begone; away; -- chiefly used in driving off a cat.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scat</hw>, <hw>Scatt</hw> }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>skattr</i>.] <def>Tribute.</def> [R.] "Seizing <i>scatt</i> and
treasure." <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scat</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shower of rain.</def>
[Prov. Eng.] <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scatch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>escache</i>.]
<def>A kind of bit for the bridle of a horse; -- called also
<i>scatchmouth</i>.</def> <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scatch"es</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>eschaces</i>, F. <i>&eacute;chasses</i>, fr. D. <i>schaats</i> a
high-heeled shoe, a skate. See <u>Skate</u>, for the foot.]
<def>Stilts.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scate</hw> (sk&amacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Skate</u>, for the foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scat"e*brous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scatebra</i>
a gushing up of water, from <i>scatere</i> to bubble, gush.]
<def>Abounding with springs.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scath</hw> (sk&abreve;th; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>ska&eth;i</i>; akin to Dan. <i>skade</i>, Sw. <i>skada</i>, AS.
<i>scea&eth;a</i>, <i>sca&eth;a</i>, foe, injurer, OS.
<i>ska&eth;o</i>, D. <i>schade</i>, harm, injury, OHG. <i>scade</i>,
G. <i>schade</i>, <i>schaden</i>; cf. Gr. <grk>'askhqh`s</grk>
unharmed. Cf. <u>Scathe</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>Harm; damage;
injury; hurt; waste; misfortune.</def> [Written also
<i>scathe</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But she was somedeal deaf, and that was
<i>skathe</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Great mercy, sure, for to enlarge a thrall,<BR>
Whose freedom shall thee turn to greatest <i>scath</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wherein Rome hath done you any <i>scath</i>,<BR>
Let him make treble satisfaction.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scathe</hw> (sk&amacr;&thlig;; 277), <hw>Scath</hw>
(sk&abreve;th; 277) }, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scathed</u> (sk&amacr;&thlig;d or sk&abreve;tht);
<pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Scathing</u>
(sk&amacr;&thlig;"&ibreve;ng or sk&abreve;th"-).] [Icel.
<i>ska&eth;a</i>; akin to AS. <i>scea&eth;an</i>,
<i>sce&eth;&eth;an</i>, Dan. <i>skade</i>, Sw. <i>skada</i>, D. & G.
<i>schaden</i>, OHG. <i>scad&omacr;n</i>, Goth. <i>ska&thorn;jan</i>.]
<def>To do harm to; to injure; to damage; to waste; to
destroy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As when heaven's fire<BR>
Hath <i>scathed</i> the forest oaks or mountain pines.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Strokes of calamity that <i>scathe</i> and scorch the
soul.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scath"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Harmful; doing
damage; pernicious.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Scath"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Scath"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unharmed.</def>
<i>R. L. Stevenson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He, too, . . . is to be dismissed
scathless.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scath"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Injurious;
scathful.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scat"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scattered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scattering</u>.] [OE. <i>scateren</i>. See <u>Shatter</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strew about; to sprinkle around; to throw
down loosely; to deposit or place here and there, esp. in an open or
sparse order.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And some are <i>scattered</i> all the floor
about.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Why should my muse enlarge on Libyan swains,<BR>
Their <i>scattered</i> cottages, and ample plains?</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Teach the glad hours to <i>scatter</i>, as they
fly,<BR>
Soft quiet, gentle love, and endless joy.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to separate in different
directions; to reduce from a close or compact to a loose or broken
order; to dissipate; to disperse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Scatter</i> and disperse the giddy
Goths.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to frustrate, disappoint, and
overthrow; as, to <i>scatter</i> hopes, plans, or the like.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To disperse; dissipate; spread; strew.</p>

<p><hw>Scat"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be dispersed or
dissipated; to disperse or separate; as, clouds <i>scatter</i> after a
storm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scat"ter-brain`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A giddy or
thoughtless person; one incapable of concentration or attention.</def>
[Written also <i>scatter-brains</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Scat"ter-brained`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Giddy;
thoughtless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scat"tered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Dispersed; dissipated; sprinkled, or loosely spread.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Irregular in position; having
no regular order; as, <i>scattered</i> leaves.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Scat"tered*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Scat"tered*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Scat"ter*good`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
wastes; a spendthrift.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scat"ter*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Going or falling
in various directions; not united or aggregated; divided among many;
as, <i>scattering</i> votes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scat"ter*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of strewing
about; something scattered.</def> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scat"ter*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
scattering manner; dispersedly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scat"ter*ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Scatter</i> +
<i>-ling</i>.] <def>One who has no fixed habitation or residence; a
vagabond.</def> [Obs.] "Foreign <i>scatterlings</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sca*tu"ri*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L.
<i>scaturiens</i>, p. pr. of <i>scaturire</i> gush out, from
<i>scatere</i> to bubble, gush.] <def>Gushing forth; full to
overflowing; effusive.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A pen so <i>scaturient</i> and
unretentive.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scat`u*rig"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scaturiginosus</i>, fr. <i>scaturigo</i> gushing water. See
<u>Scaturient</u>.] <def>Abounding with springs.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scaup</hw> (sk&add;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Scalp</u> a
bed of oysters or mussels.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bed or stratum
of shellfish; scalp.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A scaup duck. See
below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scaup duck</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several species of northern ducks of the genus <i>Aythya</i>, or
<i>Fuligula</i>. The adult males are, in large part, black. The three
North American species are: the greater scaup duck (<i>Aythya
marila</i>, var. <i>nearctica</i>), called also <i>broadbill</i>,
<i>bluebill</i>, <i>blackhead</i>, <i>flock duck</i>, <i>flocking
fowl</i>, and <i>raft duck</i>; the lesser scaup duck (<i>A.
affinis</i>), called also <i>little bluebill</i>, <i>river
broadbill</i>, and <i>shuffler</i>; the tufted, or ring-necked, scaup
duck (<i>A. collaris</i>), called also <i>black jack</i>,
<i>ringneck</i>, <i>ringbill</i>, <i>ringbill shuffler</i>, etc. See
<i>Illust.</i>. of <i>Ring-necked duck</i>, under <u>Ring-necked</u>.
The common European scaup, or mussel, duck (<i>A. marila</i>), closely
resembles the American variety.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1285 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Scaup"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Scalper</u>.]
<def>A tool with a semicircular edge, -- used by engravers to clear
away the spaces between the lines of an engraving.</def>
<i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scaur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A precipitous bank or
rock; a scar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scav"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>scavagium</i>, fr. AS. <i>sce&aacute;wian</i> to look at, to
inspect. See <u>Show</u>.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A toll or duty
formerly exacted of merchant strangers by mayors, sheriffs, etc., for
goods shown or offered for sale within their precincts.</def>
<i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scav"enge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cleanse, as
streets, from filth.</def>  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scav"en*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>scavager</i>
an officer with various duties, originally attending to
<i>scavage</i>, fr. OE. & E. <i>scavage</i>. See <u>Scavage</u>,
<u>Show</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>A person whose employment is
to clean the streets of a city, by scraping or sweeping, and carrying
off the filth. The name is also applied to any animal which devours
refuse, carrion, or anything injurious to health.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scavenger beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
beetle which feeds on decaying substances, as the carrion beetle.</cd>
-- <col><b>Scavenger crab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any crab
which feeds on dead animals, as the spider crab.</cd> --
<col><b>Scavenger's daughter</b></col> [corrupt. of <i>Skevington's
daughter</i>], <cd>an instrument of torture invented by Sir W.
<i>Skevington</i>, which so compressed the body as to force the blood
to flow from the nostrils, and sometimes from the hands and feet.</cd>
<i>Am. Cyc.</i> </p>

<p><hw>||Sca"zon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>ska`zwn</grk>, fr. <grk>ska`zein</grk> to limp.] <i>(Lat.
Pros.)</i> <def>A choliamb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scel"er*at</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sc&eacute;l&eacute;rat</i> from L. <i>sceleratus</i>, p. p. of
<i>scelerare</i> to pollute, from <i>scelus</i>, <i>sceleris</i>, a
crime.] <def>A villain; a criminal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sce*les"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scelestus</i>, from <i>scelus</i> wickedness.] <def>Evil; wicked;
atrocious.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Scelestic</i> villainies."
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scel"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Skeleton</u>.]
<def>A mummy; a skeleton.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sce"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A scene in an opera.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An accompanied dramatic recitative,
interspersed with passages of melody, or followed by a full
aria.</def> <i>Rockstro.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sce*na"ri*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>A
preliminary sketch of the plot, or main incidents, of an
opera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scen"a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>scaenarius</i> belonging to the stage.] <def>Scenery.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>scaena</i>,
<i>scena</i>, Gr. <grk>skhnh`</grk> a covered place, a tent, a stage.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The structure on which a spectacle or play is
exhibited; the part of a theater in which the acting is done, with its
adjuncts and decorations; the stage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The decorations and fittings of a stage,
representing the place in which the action is supposed to go on; one
of the slides, or other devices, used to give an appearance of reality
to the action of a play; as, to paint <i>scenes</i>; to shift the
<i>scenes</i>; to go behind the <i>scenes</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>So much of a play as passes without change
of locality or time, or important change of character; hence, a
subdivision of an act; a separate portion of a play, subordinate to
the act, but differently determined in different plays; as, an act of
four <i>scenes</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My dismal <i>scene</i> I needs must act
alone.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The place, time, circumstance, etc., in
which anything occurs, or in which the action of a story, play, or the
like, is laid; surroundings amid which anything is set before the
imagination; place of occurrence, exhibition, or action.</def> "In
Troy, there lies the <i>scene</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The world is a vast <i>scene</i> of
strife.</blockquote> <i>J. M. Mason.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An assemblage of objects presented to the
view at once; a series of actions and events exhibited in their
connection; a spectacle; a show; an exhibition; a view.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Through what new <i>scenes</i> and changes must we
pass!</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A landscape, or part of a landscape;
scenery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A sylvan <i>scene</i> with various greens was
drawn,<BR>
Shades on the sides, and in the midst a lawn.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>An exhibition of passionate or strong
feeling before others; often, an artifical or affected action, or
course of action, done for effect; a theatrical display.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Probably no lover of <i>scenes</i> would have had very
long to wait for some explosions between parties, both equally ready
to take offense, and careless of giving it.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Behind the scenes</b></col>, <cd>behind the scenery of a
theater; out of the view of the audience, but in sight of the actors,
machinery, etc.; hence, conversant with the hidden motives and
agencies of what appears to public view.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scene</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exhibit as a scene;
to make a scene of; to display.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Abp.
Sancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scene"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having much
scenery.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Scene"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scenemen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The man who manages the movable
scenes in a theater.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scen"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Assemblage of scenes; the paintings and hangings representing the
scenes of a play; the disposition and arrangement of the scenes in
which the action of a play, poem, etc., is laid; representation of
place of action or occurence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sum of scenes or views; general aspect, as
regards variety and beauty or the reverse, in a landscape; combination
of natural views, as woods, hills, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Never need an American look beyond his own country for
the sublime and beautiful of natural <i>scenery</i>.</blockquote>
<i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scene"shift`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
moves the scenes in a theater; a sceneman.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scen"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Scen"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scaenicus</i>, <i>scenicus</i>, Gr. &?;:
cf. F. <i>sc&eacute;nique</i>. See <u>Scene</u>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to scenery; of the nature of scenery; theatrical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All these situations communicate a <i>scenical</i>
animation to the wild romance, if treated dramatically.</blockquote>
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scen"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Scenography</u>.] <def>A perspective representation or general view
of an object.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scen`o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Scen`o*graph"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>sc&eacute;nographique</i>, Gr. &?;.]
<def>Of or pertaining to scenography; drawn in perspective.</def> --
<wf>Scen`o*graph"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sce*nog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scaenographia</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; scene, stage + <grk>gra`fein</grk>
to write: cf. F. <i>sc&eacute;nographie</i>.] <def>The art or act of
representing a body on a perspective plane; also, a representation or
description of a body, in all its dimensions, as it appears to the
eye.</def>  <i>Greenhill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scent</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scenting</u>.] [Originally <i>sent</i>, fr. F. <i>sentir</i> to
feel, to smell. See <u>Sense</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To perceive
by the olfactory organs; to smell; as, to <i>scent</i> game, as a
hound does.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Methinks I <i>scent</i> the morning air.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To imbue or fill with odor; to
perfume.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Balm from a silver box distilled around,<BR>
Shall all bedew the roots, and <i>scent</i> the sacred
ground.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scent</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
have a smell.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thunderbolts . . . do <i>scent</i> strongly of
brimstone.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hunt animals by means of the sense of
smell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
which, issuing from a body, affects the olfactory organs of animals;
odor; smell; as, the <i>scent</i> of an orange, or of a rose; the
<i>scent</i> of musk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With lavish hand diffuses <i>scents</i>
ambrosial.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, the odor left by an animal on
the ground in passing over it; as, dogs find or lose the <i>scent</i>;
hence, course of pursuit; track of discovery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He gained the observations of innumerable ages, and
traveled upon the same <i>scent</i> into Ethiopia.</blockquote> <i>Sir
W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The power of smelling; the sense of smell;
as, a hound of nice <i>scent</i>; to divert the <i>scent</i>.</def>
<i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scent"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of scent or odor; odorous.</def> "A <i>scentful</i>
nosegay."  <i>W. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of quick or keen smell.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>scentful</i> osprey by the rock had
fished.</blockquote> <i>W. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scent"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
scent.</def> [R.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scent"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
scent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>scentless</i> and the scented rose.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Scep"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;
doubt, fr. &?; to consider: cf. G. <i>skepsis</i>. See
<u>Skeptic</u>.] <def>Skepticism; skeptical philosophy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Among their products were the system of Locke, the
<i>scepsis</i> of Hume, the critical philosophy of Kant.</blockquote>
<i>J. Martineau.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scep"ter</hw>, <hw>Scep"tre</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>sceptre</i>, L. <i>sceptrum</i>, from Gr. &?; a staff to lean
upon, a scepter; probably akin to E. <i>shaft</i>. See <u>Shaft</u>,
and cf. <u>Scape</u> a stem, shaft.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A staff
or baton borne by a sovereign, as a ceremonial badge or emblem of
authority; a royal mace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the king held out Esther the golden <i>scepter</i>
that was in his hand.</blockquote> <i>Esther v. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, royal or imperial power or
authority; sovereignty; as, to assume the <i>scepter</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>scepter</i> shall not depart from Judah, nor a
lawgiver from between his feet, until Shiloh come.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. xlix. 10.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scep"ter</hw>, <hw>Scep"tre</hw>  }, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sceptered</u> (?) or
<u>Sceptred</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sceptering</u> (?) or <u>Sceptring</u> (&?;).] <def>To endow with
the scepter, or emblem of authority; to invest with royal
authority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To Britain's queen the <i>sceptered</i> suppliant
bends.</blockquote> <i>Tickell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scep`ter*el"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a straight shaft with whorls of
spines; -- said of certain sponge spicules. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Spicule</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scep"ter*less</hw>, <hw>Scep"tre*less</hw>  },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no scepter; without authority;
powerless; as, a <i>scepterless</i> king.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scep"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Scep"tic*al</hw>,
<hw>Scep"ti*cism</hw>, etc.} <def>See <u>Skeptic</u>,
<u>Skeptical</u>, <u>Skepticism</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scep"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to a scepter; like a scepter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scern</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To discern; to
perceive.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Schade</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Shade; shadow.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p>&fist; English words now beginning with <i>sh</i>, like
<i>shade</i>, were formerly often spelled with a <i>c</i> between the
<i>s</i> and <i>h</i>; <i>as</i>, <i>schade</i>; <i>schame</i>;
<i>schape</i>; <i>schort</i>, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Schah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shah</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sche"di*asm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; an
extempore, fr. &?; to do offhand, &?; sudden, fr. &?; near.]
<def>Cursory writing on a loose sheet.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sched"ule</hw> (?; <i>in England commonly</i> ?; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>c&eacute;dule</i>, formerly also spelt
<i>schedule</i>, L. <i>schedula</i>, dim. of scheda, scida, a strip of
papyrus bark, a leaf of paper; akin to (or perh. from) Gr. &?; a
tablet, leaf, and to L. <i>scindere</i> to cleave, Gr. &?;. See
<u>Schism</u>, and cf. <u>Cedule</u>.] <def>A written or printed
scroll or sheet of paper; a document; especially, a formal list or
inventory; a list or catalogue annexed to a larger document, as to a
will, a lease, a statute, etc.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Catalogue; list; inventory. see <u>List</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sched"ule</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form into, or
place in, a schedule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scheele's" green`</hw> (?). [See <u>Scheelite</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See under <u>Green</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scheel"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Scheelium.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scheel"ite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From C.W.
<i>Scheele</i>, a Swedish chemist.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Calcium
tungstate, a mineral of a white or pale yellowish color and of the
tetragonal system of crystallization.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schee"li*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. From C.W.
<i>Scheele</i>, who discovered it.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The metal
tungsten.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scheik</hw> (sh&emacr;k or sh&amacr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Sheik</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schel"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The powan.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sche"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Schemata</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Schemas</b></plw> (#). [G.
See <u>Scheme</u>.] <i>(Kantian Philos.)</i> <def>An outline or image
universally applicable to a general conception, under which it is
likely to be presented to the mind; as, five dots in a line are a
<i>schema</i> of the number five; a preceding and succeeding event are
a <i>schema</i> of cause and effect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sche*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Gr. &?;
pretended.] <def>Of or pertaining to a scheme or a schema.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sche"ma*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sch&eacute;matisme</i> (cf. L. <i>schematismos</i> florid speech),
fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to form. See <u>Scheme</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>Combination of the aspects of heavenly
bodies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Particular form or disposition of a thing;
an exhibition in outline of any systematic arrangement.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sche"ma*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One given to
forming schemes; a projector; a schemer.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sche"ma*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sch&eacute;matiser</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>To form a scheme or
schemes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scheme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>schema</i> a
rhetorical figure, a shape, figure, manner, Gr. &?;, &?;, form, shape,
outline, plan, fr. &?;, &?;, to have or hold, to hold out, sustain,
check, stop; cf. Skr. <i>sah</i> to be victorious, to endure, to hold
out, AS. <i>sige</i> victory, G. <i>sieg</i>. <i>Cf</i>. <u>Epoch</u>,
<u>Hectic</u>, <u>School</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A combination
of things connected and adjusted by design; a system.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The appearance and outward <i>scheme</i> of
things.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such a <i>scheme</i> of things as shall at once take in
time and eternity.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Arguments . . . sufficient to support and demonstrate a
whole <i>scheme</i> of moral philosophy.</blockquote> <i>J.
Edwards.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Revolution came and changed his whole <i>scheme</i>
of life.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A plan or theory something to be done; a
design; a project; as, to form a <i>scheme</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stoical <i>scheme</i> of supplying our wants by
lopping off our desires, is like cutting off our feet when we want
shoes.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any lineal or mathematical diagram; an
outline.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To draw an exact <i>scheme</i> of Constantinople, or a
map of France.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>A representation of the
aspects of the celestial bodies for any moment or at a given
event.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A blue silk case, from which was drawn a <i>scheme</i>
of nativity.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Plan; project; contrivance; purpose; device; plot.
-- <u>Scheme</u>, <u>Plan</u>. <i>Scheme</i> and <i>plan</i> are
subordinate to <i>design</i>; they propose modes of carrying our
designs into effect. <i>Scheme</i> is the least definite of the two,
and lies more in speculation. A <i>plan</i> is drawn out into details
with a view to being carried into effect. As <i>schemes</i> are
speculative, they often prove visionary; hence the opprobrious use of
the words <i>schemer</i> and <i>scheming</i>. <i>Plans</i>, being more
practical, are more frequently carried into effect.</p>

<p><blockquote>He forms the well-concerted <i>scheme</i> of
mischief;<BR>
'T is fixed, 't is done, and both are doomed to death.</blockquote>
<i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Artists and <i>plans</i> relieved my solemn hours;<BR>
I founded palaces, and planted bowers.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scheme</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Schemed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scheming</u>.] <def>To make a scheme of; to plan; to design; to
project; to plot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That wickedness which <i>schemed</i>, and executed, his
destruction.</blockquote> <i>G. Stuart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scheme</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To form a scheme or
schemes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scheme"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of schemes
or plans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schem"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who forms
schemes; a projector; esp., a plotter; an intriguer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Schemers</i> and confederates in guilt.</blockquote>
<i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Schem"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Given to forming
schemes; artful; intriguing.</def> -- <wf>Schem"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Schem"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A schemer.</def> [R.]
<i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Schene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>schoenus</i>, Gr.
&?; a rush, a reed, a land measure: cf. F. <i>sch&egrave;ne</i>.]
<i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>An Egyptian or Persian measure of length, varying
from thirty-two to sixty stadia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schenk"beer`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>schenkbier</i>; <i>schenken</i> to pour out + <i>bier</i> beer; --
so called because put on draught soon after it is made.] <def>A mild
German beer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scher"bet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sherbet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scher"if</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sherif</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scher*zan"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>In a playful or sportive manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scher"zo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A playful, humorous movement, commonly in 3-4 measure, which
often takes the place of the old minuet and trio in a sonata or a
symphony.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sche"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?;, &?;, to have or hold. See <u>Scheme</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>General state or disposition of the body or mind, or of one thing
with regard to other things; habitude.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure of speech whereby
the mental habitude of an adversary or opponent is feigned for the
purpose of arguing against him.</def> <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Schet"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Schet"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Gr. &?; holding back.] <def>Of or pertaining
to the habit of the body; constitutional.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Schie*dam"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Short for
<i>Schiedam schnapps</i>.] <def>Holland gin made at Schiedam in the
Netherlands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schil"ler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., play of colors.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>The peculiar bronzelike luster observed in certain
minerals, as hypersthene, schiller spar, etc. It is due to the
presence of minute inclusions in parallel position, and is sometimes
of secondary origin.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Schiller spar</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>an altered
variety of enstatite, exhibiting, in certain positions, a bronzelike
luster.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Schil`ler*i*za"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>The act or process of producing schiller in a
mineral mass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schil"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. See
<u>Shilling</u>.] <def>Any one of several small German and Dutch
coins, worth from about one and a half cents to about five
cents.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Schin`dy*le"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; a splitting into fragments.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A form of
articulation in which one bone is received into a groove or slit in
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schir"rhus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scirrhus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>scisme</i>, OF.
<i>cisme</i>, <i>scisme</i>, F. <i>schisme</i>, L. <i>schisma</i>, Gr.
<grk>schi`sma</grk>, fr. <grk>schi`zein</grk> to split; akin to L.
<i>scindere</i>, Skr. <i>chid</i>, and prob. to E. <i>shed</i>, v.t.
(which see); cf. <u>Rescind</u>, <u>Schedule</u>, <u>Zest</u>.]
<def>Division or separation; specifically <i>(Eccl.)</i>, permanent
division or separation in the Christian church; breach of unity among
people of the same religious faith; the offense of seeking to produce
division in a church without justifiable cause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Set bounds to our passions by reason, to our errors by
truth, and to our <i>schisms</i> by charity.</blockquote> <i>Eikon
Basilike.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1286 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><col><b>Greek schism</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>the separation
of the Greek and Roman churches.</cd> -- <col><b>Great
schism</b></col>, or <col><b>Western schism</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<cd>a schism in the Roman church in the latter part of the 14th
century, on account of rival claimants to the papal throne.</cd> --
<col><b>Schism act</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an act of the English
Parliament requiring all teachers to conform to the Established
Church, -- passed in 1714, repealed in 1719.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Schis"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a split,
separation, Gr. <grk>schi`sma</grk>: cf. F. <i>schisma</i>. See
<u>Schism</u>.] <i>(Anc. Mus.)</i> <def>An interval equal to half a
comma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schis*mat"ic</hw> (s&ibreve;z*m&abreve;t"&ibreve;k; <i>so
nearly all ortho&euml;pists</i>), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>schismaticus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>schismatique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to schism; implying schism; partaking of the nature of
schism; tending to schism; as, <i>schismatic</i> opinions or
proposals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schis*mat"ic</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
creates or takes part in schism; one who separates from an established
church or religious communion on account of a difference of
opinion.</def> "They were popularly classed together as canting
<i>schismatics</i>."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Heretic; partisan. See <u>Heretic</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Schis*mat"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Schismatic</u>.</def> -- <wf>Schis*mat"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Schis*mat"ic*al*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Schis"ma*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Schismatized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Schismatizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>schismatiser</i>.]
<def>To take part in schism; to make a breach of communion in the
church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schism"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
schism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schist</hw> (sh&ibreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
divided, divisible, fr. &?; to divide: cf. F. <i>schiste</i>. See
<u>Schism</u>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Any crystalline rock having a
foliated structure (see <u>Foliation</u>) and hence admitting of ready
division into slabs or slates. The common kinds are <i>mica
schist</i>, and <i>hornblendic schist</i>, consisting chiefly of
quartz with mica or hornblende and often feldspar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schis*ta"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a slate
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schist"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Schistose.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Schis*tose"</hw> (?; 277), <hw>Schist*ous</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>schisteux</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to schist; having the structure of a schist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schis*tos"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>schistosit&eacute;</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The quality or state
of being schistose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schiz"o-</hw> (?). [Gr. &?; to split, cleave.] <def>A combining
form denoting <i>division</i> or <i>cleavage</i>; as,
<i>schizo</i>genesis, reproduction by fission or cell
division.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schiz"o*carp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Schizo-</i> +
Gr. &?; fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A dry fruit which splits at
maturity into several closed one-seeded portions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schiz"o*c&oelig;le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Schizo-
</i> + Gr. &?; hollow.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See
<u>Enteroc&oelig;le</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schiz`o*c&oelig;"lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or of the nature of, a
schizoc&oelig;le.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schiz`o*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Schizo-
</i> + <i>genesis</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Reproduction by
fission.</def> <i>Haeckel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Schiz"og*nath</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Schizognathous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any bird with a
schizognathous palate.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Schi*zog"na*th&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The schizognathous birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schi*zog"na*thism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The condition of having a schizognathous
palate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schi*zog"na*thous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Schizo-
</i> + Gr. &?; the jaw.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the maxillo-
palatine bones separate from each other and from the vomer, which is
pointed in front, as in the gulls, snipes, grouse, and many other
birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Schiz`o*my*ce"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>, [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; to split + &?;, -&?;, a fungus.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>An
order of <i>Schizophyta</i>, including the so-called fission fungi, or
bacteria. See <u>Schizophyta</u>, in the Supplement.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Schiz`o*ne*mer"te*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Schizo</u>-, and <u>Nemertes</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
group of nemerteans comprising those having a deep slit along each
side of the head. See <i>Illust.</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schiz`o*pel"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Schizo-</i>
+ Gr. <grk>pe`lma</grk> the sole of the foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having the two flexor tendons of the toes entirely separate, and
the <i>flexor hallucis</i> going to the first toe only.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schiz"o*phyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Schizo-</i> +
Gr. &?; a plant.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>One of a class of vegetable
organisms, in the classification of Cohn, which includes all of the
inferior forms that multiply by fission, whether they contain
chlorophyll or not.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schiz"o*pod</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>one of the Schizopoda. Also used
adjectively.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Schiz"o*pod</hw> (?; 277), <hw>Schi*zop"o*dous</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a schizopod, or the
Schizopoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Schi*zop"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>, [NL. See
<u>Schizo</u>-, and <u>-poda</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division
of shrimplike Thoracostraca in which each of the thoracic legs has a
long fringed upper branch (exopodite) for swimming.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schiz`o*rhi"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Schizo-</i>
+ <i>rhinal</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having the
nasal bones separate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the anterior
nostrils prolonged backward in the form of a slit.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Schlich</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.; akin to LG.
<i>slick</i> mud, D. <i>slijk</i>, MHG. <i>sl&imacr;ch</i>.]
<i>(Metal.)</i> <def>The finer portion of a crushed ore, as of gold,
lead, or tin, separated by the water in certain wet processes.</def>
[Written also <i>slich</i>, <i>slick</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Schmel"ze</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>schmelz</i>,
<i>schmelzglas</i>.] <def>A kind of glass of a red or ruby color, made
in Bohemia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schnapps</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., a dram of
spirits.] <def>Holland gin.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Schnei*de"ri*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Discovered or described by C. V. <i>Schneider</i>, a German
anatomist of the seventeenth century.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Schneiderian membrane</b></col>, <cd>the mucous membrane
which lines the nasal chambers; the pituitary membrane.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scho*har"ie grit`</hw> (?). <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The formation
belonging to the middle of the three subdivisions of the Corniferous
period in the American Devonian system; -- so called from
<i>Schoharie</i>, in New York, where it occurs. See the <i>Chart</i>
of <u>Geology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schol"ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>scoler</i>, AS.
<i>sc&omacr;lere</i>, fr. L. <i>scholaris</i> belonging to a school,
fr. <i>schola</i> a school. See <u>School</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who attends a school; one who learns of a teacher; one under
the tuition of a preceptor; a pupil; a disciple; a learner; a
student.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am no breeching <i>scholar</i> in the
schools.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One engaged in the pursuits of learning; a
learned person; one versed in any branch, or in many branches, of
knowledge; a person of high literary or scientific attainments; a
savant.</def>  <i>Shak. Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A man of books.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In English universities, an undergraduate
who belongs to the foundation of a college, and receives support in
part from its revenues.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Pupil; learner; disciple.  -- <u>Scholar</u>,
<u>Pupil</u>. <i>Scholar</i> refers to the instruction, and
<i>pupil</i> to the care and government, of a teacher. A
<i>scholar</i> is one who is under instruction; a <i>pupil</i> is one
who is under the immediate and personal care of an instructor; hence
we speak of a bright <i>scholar</i>, and an obedient <i>pupil</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Scho*lar"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>scholarit&eacute;</i>, or LL.  <i>scholaritas</i>.]
<def>Scholarship.</def> [Obs.] <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Schol"ar*like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Scholarly.</def> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Schol"ar*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a scholar, or
learned person; showing the qualities of a scholar; as, a
<i>scholarly</i> essay or critique.</def> -- <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In a scholarly manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schol"ar*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The character and qualities of a scholar; attainments in science
or literature; erudition; learning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man of my master's . . . great
<i>scholarship</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Literary education.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Any other house of <i>scholarship</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Maintenance for a scholar; a foundation for
the support of a student.</def>  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Learning; erudition; knowledge.</p>

<p><hw>Scho*las"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scholasticus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to have leisure, to give
lectures, to keep a school, from &?; leisure, a lecture, a school: cf.
F. <i>scholastique</i>, <i>scolastique</i>. See <u>School</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or suiting, a scholar, a
school, or schools; scholarlike; as, <i>scholastic</i> manners or
pride; <i>scholastic</i> learning.</def> <i>Sir K. Digby.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the schoolmen and
divines of the Middle Ages (see <u>Schoolman</u>); as,
<i>scholastic</i> divinity or theology; <i>scholastic</i>
philosophy.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, characterized by excessive subtilty,
or needlessly minute subdivisions; pedantic; formal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scho*las"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who adheres to the method or subtilties of the schools.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>See the Note under
<u>Jesuit</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scho*las"tic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos>
<def>Scholastic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scho*las"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
scholastic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scho*las"ti*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The method
or subtilties of the schools of philosophy; scholastic formality;
scholastic doctrines or philosophy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The spirit of the old <i>scholasticism</i> . . .
spurned laborious investigation and slow induction.</blockquote> <i>J.
P. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scho"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scholium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scho"li*ast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; a
scholium: cf. F. <i>scoliate</i>. See <u>Scholium</u>.] <def>A maker
of scholia; a commentator or annotator.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No . . . quotations from Talmudists and
<i>scholiasts</i> . . . ever marred the effect of his grave temperate
discourses.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scho`li*as"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a scholiast, or his pursuits.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scho"li*aze</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. Gr. &?;.]
<def>To write scholia.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Schol"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scholicus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?;. See <u>School</u>.]
<def>Scholastic.</def> [Obs.] <i>Hales.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Scho"li*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>A
scholium.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A judgment which follows immediately from another is
sometimes called a corollary, or consectary . . . One which
illustrates the science where it appears, but is not an integral part
of it, is a <i>scholion</i>.</blockquote> <i>Abp. Thomson (Laws of
Thought).</i></p>

<p><hw>Scho"li*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Scholia</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Scholiums</b></plw> (#).
[NL., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?;. See <u>School</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A marginal annotation; an explanatory remark or comment;
specifically, an explanatory comment on the text of a classic author
by an early grammarian.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A remark or observation subjoined to a
demonstration or a train of reasoning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scho"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A scholium.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scho"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. & t.</i></pos> <def>To write
scholia; to annotate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>School</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>shoal</i> a
crowd; prob. confused with <i>school</i> for learning.] <def>A shoal;
a multitude; as, a <i>school</i> of fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>School</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>scole</i>, AS.
<i>sc&?;lu</i>, L. <i>schola</i>, Gr. &?; leisure, that in which
leisure is employed, disputation, lecture, a school, probably from the
same root as &?;, the original sense being perhaps, a stopping, a
resting. See <u>Scheme</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place for
learned intercourse and instruction; an institution for learning; an
educational establishment; a place for acquiring knowledge and mental
training; as, the <i>school</i> of the prophets.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Disputing daily in the <i>school</i> of one
Tyrannus.</blockquote> <i>Acts xix. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place of primary instruction; an
establishment for the instruction of children; as, a primary
<i>school</i>; a common <i>school</i>; a grammar
<i>school</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As he sat in the <i>school</i> at his
primer.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A session of an institution of
instruction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How now, Sir Hugh! No <i>school</i> to-
day?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One of the seminaries for teaching logic,
metaphysics, and theology, which were formed in the Middle Ages, and
which were characterized by academical disputations and subtilties of
reasoning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At Cambridge the philosophy of Descartes was still
dominant in the <i>schools</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The room or hall in English universities
where the examinations for degrees and honors are held.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An assemblage of scholars; those who attend
upon instruction in a school of any kind; a body of pupils.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What is the great community of Christians, but one of
the innumerable <i>schools</i> in the vast plan which God has
instituted for the education of various intelligences?</blockquote>
<i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The disciples or followers of a teacher;
those who hold a common doctrine, or accept the same teachings; a sect
or denomination in philosophy, theology, science, medicine, politics,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let no man be less confident in his faith . . . by
reason of any difference in the several <i>schools</i> of
Christians.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>The canons, precepts, or body of opinion or
practice, sanctioned by the authority of a particular class or age;
as, he was a gentleman of the old <i>school</i>.</def></p>
<p><blockquote>His face pale but striking, though not handsome after
the <i>schools</i>.</blockquote> <i>A. S. Hardy.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively, any means of knowledge or
discipline; as, the <i>school</i> of experience.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Boarding school</b></col>, <col><b>Common school</b></col>,
<col><b>District school</b></col>, <col><b>Normal school</b></col>,
<cd>etc. See under <u>Boarding</u>, <u>Common</u>, <u>District</u>,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>High school</b></col>, <cd>a free public school
nearest the rank of a college.</cd> [U. S.] -- <col><b>School
board</b></col>, <cd>a corporation established by law in every borough
or parish in England, and elected by the burgesses or ratepayers, with
the duty of providing public school accommodation for all children in
their district.</cd> -- <col><b>School committee</b></col>,
<col><b>School board</b></col>, <cd>an elected committee of citizens
having charge and care of the public schools in any district, town, or
city, and responsible for control of the money appropriated for school
purposes.</cd> [U. S.] -- <col><b>School days</b></col>, <cd>the
period in which youth are sent to school.</cd> -- <col><b>School
district</b></col>, <cd>a division of a town or city for establishing
and conducting schools.</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>Sunday
school</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Sabbath school</b></col>, <cd>a
school held on Sunday for study of the Bible and for religious
instruction; the pupils, or the teachers and pupils, of such a school,
collectively.</cd></p>

<p><hw>School</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Schooled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Schooling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To train in an institution
of learning; to educate at a school; to teach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He's gentle, never <i>schooled</i>, and yet
learned.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To tutor; to chide and admonish; to
reprove; to subject to systematic discipline; to train.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It now remains for you to <i>school</i> your child,<BR>
And ask why God's Anointed be reviled.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The mother, while loving her child with the intensity
of a sole affection, had <i>schooled</i> herself to hope for little
other return than the waywardness of an April breeze.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>School"book`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A book used in
schools for learning lessons.</def></p>

<p><hw>School"boy`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A boy belonging
to, or attending, a school.</def></p>

<p><hw>School"dame`</hw> (?). <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
schoolmistress.</def></p>

<p><hw>School"er*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something
taught; precepts; schooling.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>School"fel`low</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One bred at
the same school; an associate in school.</def></p>

<p><hw>School"girl`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A girl
belonging to, or attending, a school.</def></p>

<p><hw>School"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house
appropriated for the use of a school or schools, or for
instruction.</def></p>

<p><hw>School"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Instruction in school; tuition; education in an institution of
learning; act of teaching.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Discipline; reproof; reprimand; as, he gave
his son a good <i>schooling</i>.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Compensation for instruction; price or
reward paid to an instructor for teaching pupils.</def></p>

<p><hw>School"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>School</u> a
shoal.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Collecting or running in schools or
shoals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Schooling</i> species like the herring and
menhaden.</blockquote> <i>G. B. Goode.</i></p>

<p><hw>School"ma'am</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
schoolmistress.</def> [Colloq.U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>School"maid`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
schoolgirl.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>School"man`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Schoolmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One versed in the niceties of
academical disputation or of school divinity.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>schoolmen</i> were philosophers and divines of the
Middle Ages, esp. from the 11th century to the Reformation, who spent
much time on points of nice and abstract speculation. They were so
called because they taught in the medi&aelig;val universities and
schools of divinity.</p>

<p><hw>School"mas`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The man who presides over and teaches a
school; a male teacher of a school.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let the soldier be abroad if he will; he can do nothing
in this age. There is another personage abroad, -- a person less
imposing, -- in the eyes of some, perhaps, insignificant. The
<i>schoolmaster</i> is abroad; and I trust to him, armed with his
primer, against the soldier in full military array.</blockquote>
<i>Brougham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, disciplines and
directs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The law was our <i>schoolmaster</i>, to bring us unto
Christ.</blockquote> <i>Gal. iii. 24.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1287 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>School"mate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pupil who
attends the same school as another.</def></p>

<p><hw>School"mis`tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman
who governs and teaches a school; a female school-teacher.</def></p>

<p><hw>School"room`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A room in
which pupils are taught.</def></p>

<p><hw>School"ship`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vessel
employed as a nautical training school, in which naval apprentices
receive their education at the expense of the state, and are trained
for service as sailors. Also, a vessel used as a reform school to
which boys are committed by the courts to be disciplined, and
instructed as mariners.</def></p>

<p><hw>School"-teach`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
teaches or instructs a school.</def> -- <wf>School"-teach`ing</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>School"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward
school.</def> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Schoon"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See the Note below.
Cf. <u>Shun</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Originally, a small, sharp-built
vessel, with two masts and fore-and-aft rig. Sometimes it carried
square topsails on one or both masts and was called a <i>topsail
schooner</i>. About 1840, longer vessels with three masts, fore-and-
aft rigged, came into use, and since that time vessels with four masts
and even with six masts, so rigged, are built. Schooners with more
than two masts are designated <i>three-masted schooners</i>, <i>four-
masted schooners</i>, etc. See <i>Illustration</i> in
Appendix.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The first <i>schooner</i> ever constructed is said to have
been built in Gloucester, Massachusetts, about the year 1713, by a
Captain Andrew Robinson, and to have received its name from the
following trivial circumstance: When the vessel went off the stocks
into the water, a bystander cried out,"O, how she <i>scoons</i>!"
Robinson replied, " A <i>scooner</i> let her be;" and, from that time,
vessels thus masted and rigged have gone by this name. The word
<i>scoon</i> is popularly used in some parts of New England to denote
the act of making stones skip along the surface of water. The Scottish
<i>scon</i> means the same thing. Both words are probably allied to
the Icel. <i>skunda</i>, <i>skynda</i>, to make haste, hurry, AS.
<i>scunian</i> to avoid, shun, Prov. E. <i>scun</i>. In the New
England records, the word appears to have been originally written
<i>scooner</i>. Babson, in his "History of Gloucester," gives the
following extract from a letter written in that place Sept. 25, 1721,
by Dr. Moses Prince, brother of the Rev. Thomas Prince, the annalist
of New England: "This gentleman (Captain Robinson) was first contriver
of <i>schooners</i>, and built the first of that sort about eight
years since."</p>

<p><hw>Schoon"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D.] <def>A large goblet
or drinking glass, -- used for lager beer or ale.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Schorl</hw> (sh&ocirc;rl), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>sch&ouml;rl</i>; cf. Sw. <i>sk&ouml;rl</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Black tourmaline.</def> [Written also <i>shorl</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Schor*la"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Partaking of
the nature and character of schorl; resembling schorl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schorl"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Schorlaceous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schorl"y</hw>> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
or containing, schorl; as, <i>schorly</i> granite.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Schot"tish</hw>, <hw>Schot"tische</hw>  }, (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>schottish</i>, <i>schotisch</i> from G.
<i>schottisch</i> Scottish, Scotch.] <def>A Scotch round dance in 2-4
time, similar to the polka, only slower; also, the music for such a
dance; -- not to be confounded with the
<i>&Eacute;cossaise</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schrei"bers*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after
Carl von <i>Schreibers</i>, of Vienna.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral
occurring in steel-gray flexible folia. It contains iron, nickel, and
phosphorus, and is found only in meteoric iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schrode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scrod</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schwann's" sheath`</hw> (?). [So called from Theodor
<i>Schwann</i>, a German anatomist of the 19th century.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The neurilemma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schwann's white" sub"stance</hw> (?). <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
substance of the medullary sheath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schwan"pan`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Chinese
abacus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Schweit"zer*k&auml;"se</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>schweizerk&auml;se</i> Swiss cheese.] <def>Gruy&egrave;re
cheese.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Schwenk"feld`er</hw> (?), <hw>Schwenk"feld`i*an</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of a religious sect founded by
Kaspar von Schwenkfeld, a Silesian reformer who disagreed with Luther,
especially on the deification of the body of Christ.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci*&aelig;"noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sci&aelig;na</i> a kind of fish (fr. Gr. &?;) + <i>-oid</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
<i>Sci&aelig;nid&aelig;</i>, a family of marine fishes which includes
the meagre, the squeteague, and the kingfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci"a*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sciagraphy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An old term
for a vertical section of a building; -- called also
<i>sciagraphy</i>. See <i>Vertical section</i>, under
<u>Section</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phys.)</i> <def>A radiograph.</def> [Written
also <i>skiagraph</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sci`a*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sciagraphique</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>Pertaining to sciagraphy.</def> -
- <wf>Sci`a*graph"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sci*ag"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
drawing in light and shade; &?; a shadow + &?; to delineate, describe:
cf. F. <i>sciagraphie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art or science
of projecting or delineating shadows as they fall in nature.</def>
<i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Sciagraph</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci*am"a*chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sciomachy</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sci`a*ther"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sci`a*ther"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; a sundial; &?; a shadow + &?;
to hunt, to catch.] <def>Belonging to a sundial.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sci`a*ther"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]
<i>J. Gregory.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sci*at"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>sciatique</i>,
LL. <i>sciaticus</i>, from L. <i>ischiadicus</i>, Gr. &?;. See
<u>Ischiadic</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the hip; in
the region of, or affecting, the hip; ischial; ischiatic; as, the
<i>sciatic</i> nerve, <i>sciatic</i> pains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci*at"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>sciatique</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Sciatica.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci*at"i*ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Neuralgia of the sciatic nerve, an affection characterized by
paroxysmal attacks of pain in the buttock, back of the thigh, or in
the leg or foot, following the course of the branches of the sciatic
nerve. The name is also popularly applied to various painful
affections of the hip and the parts adjoining it. See <i>Ischiadic
passion</i>, under <u>Ischiadic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci*at"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Sciatic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci*at"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With, or by
means of, sciatica.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scib"bo*leth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Shibboleth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sci"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>scientia</i>, fr. <i>sciens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of
<i>scire</i> to know.  Cf. <u>Conscience</u>, <u>Conscious</u>,
<u>Nice</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Knowledge; knowledge of
principles and causes; ascertained truth of facts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If we conceive God's sight or <i>science</i>, before
the creation, to be extended to all and every part of the world,
seeing everything as it is, . . . his <i>science</i> or sight from all
eternity lays no necessity on anything to come to pass.</blockquote>
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Shakespeare's deep and accurate <i>science</i> in
mental philosophy.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Accumulated and established knowledge,
which has been systematized and formulated with reference to the
discovery of general truths or the operation of general laws;
knowledge classified and made available in work, life, or the search
for truth; comprehensive, profound, or philosophical
knowledge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All this new <i>science</i> that men lere
[teach].</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Science</i> is . . . a complement of cognitions,
having, in point of form, the character of logical perfection, and in
point of matter, the character of real truth.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Especially, such knowledge when it relates
to the physical world and its phenomena, the nature, constitution, and
forces of matter, the qualities and functions of living tissues, etc.;
-- called also <i>natural science</i>, and <i>physical
science</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Voltaire hardly left a single corner of the field
entirely unexplored in <i>science</i>, poetry, history,
philosophy.</blockquote> <i>J. Morley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any branch or department of systematized
knowledge considered as a distinct field of investigation or object of
study; as, the <i>science</i> of astronomy, of chemistry, or of
mind.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The ancients reckoned seven sciences, namely, grammar,
rhetoric, logic, arithmetic, music, geometry, and astronomy; -- the
first three being included in the <i>Trivium</i>, the remaining four
in the <i>Quadrivium</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Good sense, which only is the gift of Heaven,<BR>
And though no <i>science</i>, fairly worth the seven.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Art, skill, or expertness, regarded as the
result of knowledge of laws and principles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>science</i>, coolness, and great
strength.</blockquote> <i>G. A. Lawrence.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Science</i> is <i>applied</i> or <i>pure</i>. <i>Applied
science</i> is a knowledge of facts, events, or phenomena, as
explained, accounted for, or produced, by means of powers, causes, or
laws. <i>Pure science</i> is the knowledge of these powers, causes, or
laws, considered <i>apart</i>, or as pure from all applications. Both
these terms have a similar and special signification when applied to
the science of quantity; as, the <i>applied</i> and <i>pure
mathematics</i>. <i>Exact science</i> is knowledge so systematized
that prediction and verification, by measurement, experiment,
observation, etc., are possible. The mathematical and physical
sciences are called <i>the exact sciences</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Comparative sciences</b></col>, <col><b>Inductive
sciences</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Comparative</u>, and
<u>Inductive</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Literature; art; knowledge.  -- <u>Science</u>,
<u>Literature</u>, <u>Art</u>. <i>Science</i> is literally
<i>knowledge</i>, but more usually denotes a systematic and orderly
arrangement of knowledge. In a more distinctive sense, <i>science</i>
embraces those branches of knowledge of which the subject-matter is
either ultimate principles, or facts as explained by principles or
laws thus arranged in natural order. The term <i>literature</i>
sometimes denotes all compositions not embraced under <i>science</i>,
but usually confined to the <i>belles-lettres</i>. [See
<u>Literature</u>.] <i>Art</i> is that which depends on practice and
skill in performance. "In <i>science</i>, <i>scimus ut sciamus</i>; in
art, <i>scimus ut producamus</i>. And, therefore, <i>science</i> and
<i>art</i> may be said to be investigations of truth; but one,
<i>science</i>, inquires for the sake of knowledge; the other,
<i>art</i>, for the sake of production; and hence <i>science</i> is
more concerned with the higher truths, <i>art</i> with the lower; and
<i>science</i> never is engaged, as <i>art</i> is, in productive
application.  And the most perfect state of <i>science</i>, therefore,
will be the most high and accurate inquiry; the perfection of
<i>art</i> will be the most apt and efficient system of rules; art
always throwing itself into the form of rules."  <i>Karslake.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sci"ence</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to become
versed in science; to make skilled; to instruct.</def> [R.]
<i>Francis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sci"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sciens</i>, <i>-
entis</i>, p. pr.] <def>Knowing; skillful.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sci*en"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Law)</i>
<def>Knowingly; willfully.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sci*en"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>scientialis</i>, fr. L. <i>scientia</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or
producing, science.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sci`en*tif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>scientifique</i>; L. <i>scientia</i> science + <i>facere</i> to
make.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to science; used in
science; as, <i>scientific</i> principles; <i>scientific</i>
apparatus; <i>scientific</i> observations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Agreeing with, or depending on, the rules
or principles of science; as, a <i>scientific</i> classification; a
<i>scientific</i> arrangement of fossils.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having a knowledge of science, or of a
science; evincing science or systematic knowledge; as, a
<i>scientific</i> chemist; a <i>scientific</i> reasoner; a
<i>scientific</i> argument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bossuet is as <i>scientific</i> in the structure of his
sentences.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Scientific method</b></col>, <cd>the method employed in
exact science and consisting of: (<i>a</i>) Careful and abundant
observation and experiment. (<i>b</i>) generalization of the results
into formulated "Laws" and statements.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sci`en*tif"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Scientific.</def> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sci`en*tif"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
scientific manner; according to the rules or principles of
science.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is easier to believe than to be
<i>scientifically</i> instructed.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sci"en*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One learned in
science; a scientific investigator; one devoted to scientific study; a
savant.</def> [Recent]</p>

<p>&fist; Twenty years ago I ventured to propose one [a name for the
class of men who give their lives to scientific study] which has been
slowly finding its way to general adoption; and the word
<i>scientist</i>, though scarcely euphonious, has gradually assumed
its place in our vocabulary.  <i>B. A. Gould (Address, 1869).</i> </p>

<p><hw>Scil"i*cet</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>scire
licet</i> you may know.] <def>To wit; namely; videlicet; -- often
abbreviated to sc., or ss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scil"la*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
glucoside extracted from squill (<i>Scilla</i>) as a light porous
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scil"li*tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>scilitine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A bitter principle extracted
from the bulbs of the squill (<i>Scilla</i>), and probably consisting
of a complex mixture of several substances.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scim"i*ter</hw> , <hw>Scim"i*tar</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>cimeterre</i>, cf. It. <i>scimitarra</i>,
Sp. <i>cimitarra</i>; fr. Biscayan <i>cimetarra</i> with a sharp edge;
or corrupted from Per. <i>shimsh&imacr;r</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A saber with a much curved blade having the edge on the convex
side, -- in use among Mohammedans, esp., the Arabs and persians.</def>
[Written also <i>cimeter</i>, and <i>scymetar</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A long-handled billhook. See
<u>Billhook</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scimiter pods</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the immense
curved woody pods of a leguminous woody climbing plant (<i>Entada
scandens</i>) growing in tropical India and America. They contain hard
round flattish seeds two inches in diameter, which are made into
boxes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scin"coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scincus</i> a
kind of lizard (fr. Gr. &?;) + <i>-oid</i>.  Cf. <u>Skink</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the family
<i>Scincid&aelig;</i>, or skinks.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
scincoidian.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scin*coi"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tribe of lizards including the skinks. See
<u>Skink</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scin*coid"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of lizards of the
family <i>Scincid&aelig;</i> or tribe Scincoidea. The tongue is not
extensile. The body and tail are covered with overlapping scales, and
the toes are margined. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Skink</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scin"iph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>scinifes</i>,
<i>cinifes</i>, or <i>ciniphes</i>, pl., Gr. &?;.] <def>Some kind of
stinging or biting insect, as a flea, a gnat, a sandfly, or the
like.</def>  <i>Ex. viii. 17 (Douay version).</i></p>

<p><hw>Scink</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
skink.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scink</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A slunk calf.</def>
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Scin*til"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A spark;
the least particle; an iota; a tittle.</def>  <i>R. North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scin"til*lant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scintillans</i>, p. pr. of <i>scintillare</i> to sparkle. See
<u>Scintillate</u>.] <def>Emitting sparks, or fine igneous particles;
sparkling.</def>  <i>M. Green.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scin"til*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Scintillated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Scintillating</u>.] [L. <i>scintillare</i>,
<i>scintillatum</i>, from <i>scintilla</i> a spark.  Cf.
<u>Stencil</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To emit sparks, or fine
igneous particles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As the electrical globe only <i>scintillates</i> when
rubbed against its cushion.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sparkle, as the fixed stars.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scin`til*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scintillatio</i>: cf. F. <i>scintillation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of scintillating.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A spark or flash emitted in
scintillating.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These <i>scintillations</i> are . . . the inflammable
effluences discharged from the bodies collided.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scin"til*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Scintillant.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Scin"til*lous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
scintillant manner.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sci*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sciagraphy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci"o*lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sciolist</u>.] <def>The knowledge of a sciolist; superficial
knowledge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci"o*list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sciolus</i>.
See <u>Sciolous</u>.] <def>One who knows many things superficially; a
pretender to science; a smatterer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These passages in that book were enough to humble the
presumption of our modern <i>sciolists</i>, if their pride were not as
great as their ignorance.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A master were lauded and <i>sciolists</i>
shent.</blockquote> <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sci`o*lis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to sciolism, or a sciolist; partaking of sciolism;
resembling a sciolist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci"o*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scilus</i>,
dim. of <i>scius</i> knowing, fr. <i>scire</i> to know. See
<u>Science</u>.] <def>Knowing superficially or imperfectly.</def>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sci*om"a*chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;; &?;
a shadow + &?; battle: cf. F. <i>sciomachie</i>, <i>sciamachie</i>.]
<def>A fighting with a shadow; a mock contest; an imaginary or futile
combat.</def> [Written also <i>scimachy</i>.]  <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sci"o*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a shadow +
<i>-mancy</i>: cf. F. <i>sciomance</i>, <i>sciamancie</i>.]
<def>Divination by means of shadows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>cion</i>, F.
<i>scion</i>, probably from <i>scier</i> to saw, fr. L. <i>secare</i>
to cut. Cf. <u>Section</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A shoot or sprout of a plant; a sucker.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A piece of a slender branch or twig cut for
grafting.</def> [Formerly written also cion, and cyon.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a descendant; an heir; as, a
<i>scion</i> of a royal stock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci*op"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; shadow + &?;
belonging to sight: cf. F. <i>scioptique</i>. See <u>Optic</u>.]
<i>(Opt.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to an optical arrangement for
forming images in a darkened room, usually called <i>scioptic
ball</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scioptic ball</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>the lens of a
camera obscura mounted in a wooden ball which fits a socket in a
window shutter so as to be readily turned, like the eye, to different
parts of the landscape.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sci*op"ti*con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Scioptic</u>.] <def>A kind of magic lantern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci*op"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or
process of exhibiting luminous images, especially those of external
objects, in a darkened room, by arrangements of lenses or
mirrors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci*op"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Opt.)</i>
<def>Scioptic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci"ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
the island <i>Scio</i> (Chio or Chios).</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A native or inhabitant of Scio.</def> [Written also
<i>Chiot</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sci`o*ther"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>sciothericon</i> a sundial. See <u>Sciatheric</u>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to a sundial.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sciotheric telescope</b></col> <i>(Dialing)</i>, <cd>an
instrument consisting of a horizontal dial, with a telescope attached
to it, used for determining the time, whether of day or
night.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sci"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scius</i>.]
<def>Knowing; having knowledge.</def> "Brutes may be and are
<i>scious</i>." <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1288 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>||Sci`re fa"ci*as</hw> (s&imacr;`r&esl;
f&amacr;"sh&ibreve;*&abreve;s). [L., do you cause to know.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>A judicial writ, founded upon some record, and
requiring the party proceeded against to show cause why the party
bringing it should not have advantage of such record, or (as in the
case of <i>scire facias</i> to repeal letters patent) why the record
should not be annulled or vacated.</def>  <i>Wharton. Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scir"rhoid</hw> (sk&ibreve;r"roid), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Scirrhus</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <def>Resembling scirrhus.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scir*rhos"i*ty</hw>
(sk&ibreve;r*r&obreve;s"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A morbid induration, as of a gland; state of being
scirrhous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scir"rhous</hw> (sk&ibreve;r"r&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[NL. <i>scirrhosus</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Proceeding from scirrhus;
of the nature of scirrhus; indurated; knotty; as, <i>scirrhous</i>
affections; <i>scirrhous</i> disease.</def> [Written also
<i>skirrhous</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Scir"rhus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Scirrhi</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Scirrhuses</b></plw> (#).
[NL., from L. <i>scirros</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;, fr. &?;, &?;, hard.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An indurated organ or part;
especially, an indurated gland.</def> [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A cancerous tumor which is hard, translucent, of a gray or bluish
color, and emits a creaking sound when incised.</def> [Sometimes
incorrectly written <i>schirrus</i>; written also
<i>skirrhus</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Scis`ci*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sciscitatio</i>, fr. <i>sciscitari</i> to inquire, from
<i>sciscere</i> to seek to know, v. incho. from <i>scire</i> to know.]
<def>The act of inquiring; inquiry; demand.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scise</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L. <i>scindere</i>,
<i>scissum</i>, to cut, split.] <def>To cut; to penetrate.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The wicked steel <i>scised</i> deep in his right
side.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scis"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Scissile</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The clippings of metals made in various
mechanical operations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The slips or plates of metal out of which
circular blanks have been cut for the purpose of coinage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scis"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scindere</i>,
<i>scissum</i>, to split.] <def>Capable of being cut or divided by a
sharp instrument.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scis"sil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scissel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scis"sile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scissilis</i>,
fr. <i>scindere</i>, <i>scissum</i>, to cut, to split: cf. F.
<i>scissile</i>. See <u>Schism</u>.] <def>Capable of being cut
smoothly; scissible.</def> [R.]  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scis"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>scissio</i>,
fr. <i>scindere</i>, <i>scissum</i>, to cut, to split: cf. F.
<i>scission</i>.] <def>The act of dividing with an instrument having a
sharp edge.</def> <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scis`si*par"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scissus</i> (p. p. of <i>scindere</i> to split) + <i>parere</i> to
bring forth: cf. F. <i>scissiparit&eacute;</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Reproduction by fission.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scis"sor</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cut with
scissors or shears; to prepare with the aid of scissors.</def>
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scis"sors</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>sisoures</i>, OF. <i>cisoires</i> (cf. F. <i>ciseaux</i>), probably
fr. LL. <i>cisorium</i> a cutting instrument, fr. L. <i>caedere</i> to
cut.  Cf. <u>Chisel</u>, <u>Concise</u>. The modern spelling is due to
a mistaken derivation from L. <i>scissor</i> one who cleaves or
divides, fr. <i>scindere</i>, <i>scissum</i>, to cut, split.] <def>A
cutting instrument resembling shears, but smaller, consisting of two
cutting blades with handles, movable on a pin in the center, by which
they are held together. Often called a <i>pair of scissors</i>.</def>
[Formerly written also <i>cisors</i>, <i>cizars</i>, and
<i>scissars</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Scissors grinder</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
European goatsucker.</cd> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scis"sors*bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Skimmer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scis"sors*tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tyrant flycatcher <i>(Milvulus
forficatus)</i> of the Southern United States and Mexico, which has a
deeply forked tail. It is light gray above, white beneath, salmon on
the flanks, and fiery red at the base of the crown feathers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scis"sors-tailed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the outer feathers much the longest,
the others decreasing regularly to the median ones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scis"sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>scissura</i>,
from <i>scindere</i>, <i>scissum</i>, to cut, split.] <def>A
longitudinal opening in a body, made by cutting; a cleft; a
fissure.</def>  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scit`a*min"e*ous</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>scitamineosus</i>, fr. <i>Scitamineae</i>, fr. L.
<i>scitamentum</i> a delicacy, dainty.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to a natural order of plants (<i>Scitamine&aelig;</i>),
mostly tropical herbs, including the ginger, Indian shot, banana, and
the plants producing turmeric and arrowroot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci"u*rine</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sciurien</i>. See <u>Sciurus</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Squirrel family.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A rodent of the Squirrel family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci"u*roid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sciurus</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Resembling the tail of a squirrel; --
generally said of branches which are close and dense, or of spikes of
grass like barley.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sci`u*ro*mor"pha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
L. <i>sciurus</i> squirrel + Gr. <grk>morfh`</grk> form.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tribe of rodents containing the squirrels
and allied animals, such as the gophers, woodchucks, beavers, and
others.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sci*u"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a squirrel, Gr.
&?;. See <u>Squirrel</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of rodents
comprising the common squirrels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sclaun"dre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Slander.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sclav</hw> (?), <hw>Sclave</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Slav</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sclav"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Slavic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sclav"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Slavism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scla*vo"nian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Slavonian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scla*von"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Slavonic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sclen"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slender.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scler"a*go`gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; hard
+ &?; a leading or training.] <def>Severe discipline.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Hacket.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Scle*re"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>sklhro`s</grk> hard.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Induration of the
cellular tissue.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sclerema of adults</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Scleroderma</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>||Sclerema neonatorum</b></col>
(&?;) [NL., of the newborn], <cd>an affection characterized by a
peculiar hardening and rigidity of the cutaneous and subcutaneous
tissues in the newly born. It is usually fatal. Called also
<i>skinbound disease</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scle*ren"chy*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>sklhro`s</grk> hard + <i>-enchyma</i> as in <i>parenchyma</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Vegetable tissue composed of
short cells with thickened or hardened walls, as in nutshells and the
gritty parts of a pear. See <u>Sclerotic</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; By recent German writers and their English translators, this
term is used for <i>liber cells</i>.  <i>Goodale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The hard calcareous
deposit in the tissues of Anthozoa, constituting the stony
corals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scler`en*chym"a*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot. &
Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or composed of,
sclerenchyma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scle*ren"chyme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sclerenchyma.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scle*ri"a*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;.] <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A morbid induration of
the edge of the eyelid.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Induration of
any part, including scleroderma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scle"rite</hw> (skl&emacr;"r&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A hard chitinous or calcareous process or
corpuscle, especially a spicule of the Alcyonaria.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scle*ri"tis</hw> (skl&esl;*r&imacr;"t&ibreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>See <u>Sclerotitis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scler"o*base</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sklhro`s</grk> hard + <grk>ba`sis</grk> base.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The calcareous or hornlike coral forming the
central stem or axis of most compound alcyonarians; -- called also
<i>foot secretion</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Gorgoniacea</u>,
and <u>C&oelig;nenchyma</u>.</def> -- <wf>Scler`o*ba"sic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Scler"o*derm</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sklhro`s</grk> hard + <grk>de`rma</grk> skin: cf. F.
<i>scl&eacute;roderme</i>.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of a tribe of plectognath fishes (<i>Sclerodermi</i>) having
the skin covered with hard scales, or plates, as the cowfish and the
trunkfish.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the
Sclerodermata.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Hardened, or bony,
integument of various animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scler`o*der"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease of adults, characterized by a diffuse
rigidity and hardness of the skin.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scler`o*der"ma*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The stony corals; the Madreporaria.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scler`o*der"mic</hw> (?), <hw>Scler`o*der"mous</hw> (?) },
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having the integument, or
skin, hard, or covered with hard plates.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Sclerodermata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scler`o*der"mite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The hard integument of
Crustacea.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Sclerenchyma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scler"o*gen</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sklhro`s</grk> hard + <i>-gen</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
thickening matter of woody cells; lignin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scle*rog"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sklhro`s</grk> hard + <i>-genous</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Making
or secreting a hard substance; becoming hard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scle"roid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>sklhro`s</grk> hard + &?; form.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a hard
texture, as nutshells.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scle*ro"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>sklhro`s</grk> hard + <i>-oma</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Induration
of the tissues. See <u>Sclerema</u>, <u>Scleroderma</u>, and
<u>Sclerosis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scle*rom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sklhro`s</grk> hard + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for
determining with accuracy the degree of hardness of a
mineral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scle*rosed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected with
sclerosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scle*ro"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
(&?;&?;, fr. <grk>sklhro`s</grk> hard.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Induration; hardening; especially, that form of
induration produced in an organ by increase of its interstitial
connective tissue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Hardening of the cell wall by
lignification.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cerebro-spinal sclerosis</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>an
affection in which patches of hardening, produced by increase of the
neuroglia and atrophy of the true nerve tissue, are found scattered
throughout the brain and spinal cord. It is associated with complete
or partial paralysis, a peculiar jerking tremor of the muscles,
headache, and vertigo, and is usually fatal. Called also <i>multiple,
disseminated, or insular, sclerosis</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scle`ro*skel"e*ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sklhro`s</grk> hard + E. <i>skeleton</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>That part of the skeleton which is developed in tendons,
ligaments, and aponeuroses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scle*ro"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Sclerotic.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The optic capsule;
the sclerotic coat of the eye.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scle*rot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sklhro`s</grk> hard: cf. F. <i>scl&eacute;rotique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Hard; firm; indurated; -- applied especially
in anatomy to the firm outer coat of the eyeball, which is often
cartilaginous and sometimes bony.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
sclerotic coat of the eye; sclerotical.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Affected with sclerosis;
sclerosed.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sclerotic parenchyma</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>sclerenchyma. By some writers a distinction is made, <i>sclerotic
parenchyma</i> being applied to tissue composed of cells with the
walls hardened but not thickened, and <i>sclerenchyma</i> to tissue
composed of cells with the walls both hardened and thickened.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scle*rot"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>scl&eacute;rotique</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The sclerotic coat of
the eye. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Eye</u>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scle*rot"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained from ergot or the
sclerotium of a fungus growing on rye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scle*rot"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Sclerotic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scler`o*ti"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Sclerotic</u>, and <u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation
of the sclerotic coat.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scle*ro"ti*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sclerotia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>sklhro`s</grk>
hard.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A hardened body formed by
certain fungi, as by the <i>Claviceps purpurea</i>, which produces
ergot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The mature or resting
stage of a plasmodium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scler"o*tome</hw> (skl&ebreve;r"&osl;*t&omacr;m <i>or</i>
skl&emacr;r"&osl;*t&omacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sklhro`s</grk> hard + <grk>te`mnein</grk> to cut.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the bony, cartilaginous, or membranous
partitions which separate the myotomes.</def> --
<wf>Scler`o*tom"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Scle"rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Hard; indurated; sclerotic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scoat</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To prop; to
scotch.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scob"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
chaffinch.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scob"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scobs</i>, or
<i>scobis</i>, sawdust, scrapings + <i>-form</i>: cf. F.
<i>scobiforme</i>.] <def>Having the form of, or resembling, sawdust or
raspings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scobs</hw>, <pos><i>n. sing. & pl.</i></pos> [L. <i>scobs</i>,
or <i>scobis</i>, fr. <i>scabere</i> to scrape.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Raspings of ivory, hartshorn, metals, or other hard
substance.</def>  <i>Chambers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The dross of metals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scoff</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>scof</i>;
akin to OFries. <i>schof</i>, OHG. <i>scoph</i>, Icel. <i>skaup</i>,
and perh. to E. <i>shove</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Derision;
ridicule; mockery; derisive or mocking expression of scorn, contempt,
or reproach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>scoffs</i>, and scorns, and contumelious
taunts.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An object of scorn, mockery, or
derision.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>scoff</i> of withered age and beardless
youth.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scoff</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scoffed</u> (?; 115); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Scoffing</u>.] [Cf. Dan. <i>skuffe</i> to deceive,
delude, Icel. <i>skopa</i> to scoff, OD. <i>schoppen</i>. See
<u>Scoff</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To show insolent ridicule or
mockery; to manifest contempt by derisive acts or language; -- often
with <i>at</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Truth from his lips prevailed with double sway,<BR>
And fools who came to <i>scoff</i>, remained to pray.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God's better gift they <i>scoff</i> at and
refuse.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To sneer; mock; gibe; jeer. See <u>Sneer</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Scoff</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To treat or address
with derision; to assail scornfully; to mock at.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>scoff</i> religion is ridiculously proud and
immodest.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scoff"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
scoffs.</def>  <i>2 Pet. iii. 3.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scoff"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
scoffing; scoffing conduct; mockery.</def>  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scoff"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a scoffing
manner.</def> <i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scoke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Poke
(<i>Phytolacca decandra</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sco*lay"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scoley</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scold</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scolded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scolding</u>.] [Akin to D. <i>schelden</i>, G. <i>schelten</i>,
OHG. <i>sceltan</i>, Dan. <i>skielde</i>.] <def>To find fault or rail
with rude clamor; to brawl; to utter harsh, rude, boisterous rebuke;
to chide sharply or coarsely; -- often with <i>at</i>; as, to
<i>scold</i> at a servant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pardon me, lords, 't is the first time ever<BR>
I was forced to <i>scold</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scold</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To chide with rudeness
and clamor; to rate; also, to rebuke or reprove with
severity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scold</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who scolds, or makes a practice of scolding; esp., a rude, clamorous
woman; a shrew.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She is an irksome, brawling <i>scold</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A scolding; a brawl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scold"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who scolds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
oyster catcher; -- so called from its shrill cries.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The old squaw.</def> [Local U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Scold"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Scold</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Scolding bridle</b></col>, <cd>an iron frame. See
<u>Brank</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scold"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a scolding
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>School.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sco*le"ci*da</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Scolex</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Helminthes</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scol"e*cite</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>skw`lhx</grk>, <grk>-hkos</grk>, a worm, earthworm.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A zeolitic mineral occuring in delicate radiating
groups of white crystals. It is a hydrous silicate of alumina and
lime. Called also <i>lime mesotype</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sco*le`co*mor"pha</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Scolex</u>, <u>-morphous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Scolecida</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sco"lex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scoleces</b></plw> (#). [NL., from Gr. <grk>skw`lhx</grk>
worm, grub.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The embryo
produced directly from the egg in a metagenetic series, especially the
larva of a tapeworm or other parasitic worm. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Echinococcus</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the
Scolecida.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sco*ley"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>escoler</i> to teach. See <u>School</u>.] <def>To go to school; to
study.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sco`li*o"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>skolio`s</grk> crooked.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A lateral curvature
of the spine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scol"i*thus</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>skw`lhx</grk> a worm + <grk>li`qos</grk> a stone.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A tubular structure found in Potsdam sandstone,
and believed to be the fossil burrow of a marine worm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scol"lop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. & v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scallop</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scol`o*pa"cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scolopax</i> a snipe, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the <i>Scolopacid&aelig;</i>, or Snipe family.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scol`o*pen"dra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a kind of
multiped, fr. Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
genus of venomous myriapods including the centipeds. See
<u>Centiped</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sea fish.</def> [R.] <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scol`o*pen"drine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining to the
Scolopendra.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scol"y*tid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to cut
short.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of small
bark-boring beetles of the genus <i>Scolytus</i> and allied genera.
Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scom"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a mackerel, Gr.
&?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of acanthopterygious fishes
which includes the common mackerel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scom"ber*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>scomb&eacute;ro&iuml;de</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Scombroid</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1289 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>||Scom`bri*for"mes</hw>
(sk&obreve;m`br&ibreve;*f&ocirc;r"m&emacr;z), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of fishes including the
mackerels, tunnies, and allied fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scom"broid</hw> (sk&obreve;m"broid), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Scomber</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or
pertaining to the Mackerel family.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Any fish of the family <i>Scombrid&aelig;</i>, of which the
mackerel (<i>Scomber</i>) is the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scom"fish</hw> (sk&obreve;m"f&ibreve;sh <i>or</i> sk&ubreve;m"-
), <pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos> <def>To suffocate or stifle; to
smother.</def> [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scom"fit</hw> (sk&ubreve;m"f&ibreve;y), <pos><i>n. &
v.</i></pos> <def>Discomfit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scomm</hw> (sk&obreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scomma</i> a taunt, jeer, scoff, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to mock, scoff
at.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A buffoon.</def> [Obs.]
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A flout; a jeer; a gibe; a taunt.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Fotherby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sconce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>schans</i>, OD.
<i>schantse</i>, perhaps from OF. <i>esconse</i> a hiding place, akin
to <i>esconser</i> to hide, L. <i>absconsus</i>, <pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> of <i>abscondere</i>. See <u>Abscond</u>, and cf.
<u>Ensconce</u>, <u>Sconce</u> a candlestick.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A fortification, or work for defense; a fort.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No <i>sconce</i> or fortress of his raising was ever
known either to have been forced, or yielded up, or
quitted.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hut for protection and shelter; a
stall.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One that . . . must raise a <i>sconce</i> by the
highway and sell switches.</blockquote> <i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A piece of armor for the head; headpiece;
helmet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I must get a <i>sconce</i> for my head.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: The head; the skull; also, brains;
sense; discretion.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To knock him about the <i>sconce</i> with a dirty
shovel.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A poll tax; a mulct or fine.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> [OF. <i>esconse</i> a dark lantern, properly, a
hiding place. See Etymol. above.] <def>A protection for a light; a
lantern or cased support for a candle; hence, a fixed hanging or
projecting candlestick.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tapers put into lanterns or <i>sconces</i> of several-
colored, oiled paper, that the wind might not annoy them.</blockquote>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Golden <i>sconces</i> hang not on the
walls.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Hence, the circular tube, with a brim, in a
candlestick, into which the candle is inserted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A squinch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A fragment of a floe of ice.</def>
<i>Kane.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> [Perhaps a different word.] <def>A fixed seat
or shelf.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sconce</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sconced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sconcing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shut up in a sconce; to
imprison; to insconce.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Immure him, <i>sconce</i> him, barricade him in
't.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mulct; to fine.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scon"cheon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A
squinch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cake, thinner than
a bannock, made of wheat or barley or oat meal.</def> [Written
variously, <i>scon</i>, <i>skone</i>, <i>skon</i>, etc.] [Scot.]
<i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scoop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>scope</i>, of
Scand. origin; cf. Sw. <i>skopa</i>, akin to D. <i>schop</i> a shovel,
G. <i>sch&uuml;ppe</i>, and also to E. <i>shove</i>. See
<u>Shovel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large ladle; a vessel with a
long handle, used for dipping liquids; a utensil for bailing
boats.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A deep shovel, or any similar implement for
digging out and dipping or shoveling up anything; as, a flour
<i>scoop</i>; the <i>scoop</i> of a dredging machine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A spoon-shaped instrument,
used in extracting certain substances or foreign bodies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A place hollowed out; a basinlike cavity; a
hollow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some had lain in the <i>scoop</i> of the
rock.</blockquote> <i>J. R. Drake.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A sweep; a stroke; a swoop.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The act of scooping, or taking with a scoop
or ladle; a motion with a scoop, as in dipping or shoveling.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scoop net</b></col>, <cd>a kind of hand net, used in
fishing; also, a net for sweeping the bottom of a river.</cd> --
<col><b>Scoop wheel</b></col>, <cd>a wheel for raising water, having
scoops or buckets attached to its circumference; a tympanum.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scoop</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scooped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scooping</u>.] [OE. <i>scopen</i>. See <u>Scoop</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take out or up with,
a scoop; to lade out.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>scooped</i> the water from the crystal
flood.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To empty by lading; as, to <i>scoop</i> a
well dry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make hollow, as a scoop or dish; to
excavate; to dig out; to form by digging or excavation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those carbuncles the Indians will <i>scoop</i>, so as
to hold above a pint.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scoop"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, scoops.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The avocet; -- so
called because it scoops up the mud to obtain food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scoot</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To walk fast; to
go quickly; to run hastily away.</def> [Colloq. & Humorous, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sco"pa*rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
yellow gelatinous or crystalline substance found in broom (<i>Cytisus
scoparius</i>) accompanying sparte&iuml;ne.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sco"pate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scopae</i>,
<i>scopa</i>, a broom.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the surface
closely covered with hairs, like a brush.</def></p>

<p><hw>-scope</hw> (&?;). [Gr. <grk>skopo`s</grk> a watcher, spy. See
<u>Scope</u>.] <def>A combining form usually signifying <i>an
instrument for viewing</i> (with the eye) or <i>observing</i> (in any
way); as in micro<i>scope</i>, tele<i>scope</i>, alto<i>scope</i>,
anemo<i>scope</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>scopo</i>, L.
<i>scopos</i> a mark, aim, Gr. <grk>skopo`s</grk>, a watcher, mark,
aim; akin to &?;, &?; to view, and perh. to E. <i>spy</i>. Cf.
<u>Skeptic</u>, <u>Bishop</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That at which
one aims; the thing or end to which the mind directs its view; that
which is purposed to be reached or accomplished; hence, ultimate
design, aim, or purpose; intention; drift; object.</def> "Shooting
wide, do miss the marked <i>scope</i>." <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your <i>scope</i> is as mine own,<BR>
So to enforce or qualify the laws<BR>
As to your soul seems good.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>scope</i> of all their pleading against man's
authority, is to overthrow such laws and constitutions in the
church.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Room or opportunity for free outlook or
aim; space for action; amplitude of opportunity; free course or vent;
liberty; range of view, intent, or action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give him line and <i>scope</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In the fate and fortunes of the human race,
<i>scope</i> is given to the operation of laws which man must always
fail to discern the reasons of.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Excuse me if I have given too much <i>scope</i> to the
reflections which have arisen in my mind.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An intellectual cultivation of no moderate depth or
<i>scope</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Extended area.</def> [Obs.] "The
<i>scopes</i> of land granted to the first adventurers." <i>Sir J.
Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Length; extent; sweep; as, <i>scope</i> of
cable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sco"pe*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Scopeloid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sco"pe*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>Scopelus</i>, typical genus (fr. Gr. &?; a headland) + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining to fishes of the
genus <i>Scopelus</i>, or family <i>Scopelod&aelig;</i>, which
includes many small oceanic fishes, most of which are
phosphorescent.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any fish of the family <i>Scopelid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sco*pif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scopae</i>, <i>scopa</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Bearing a tuft of brushlike hairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sco"pi*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scopae</i>,
<i>scopa</i>, a broom + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the form of a broom
or besom.</def> "Zeolite, stelliform or <i>scopiform</i>."
<i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sco"pi*ped</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scopae</i>, <i>scopa</i>, a broom + <i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, a
foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Scopuliped</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scop"pet</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From <u>Scoop</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To lade or dip out.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scops" owl`</hw> (?). [NL. <i>scops</i>, fr. Gr. &?; the little
horned owl.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of
small owls of the genus <i>Scops</i> having ear tufts like those of
the horned owls, especially the European scops owl (<i>Scops giu</i>),
and the American screech owl (<i>S. asio</i>).</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scop"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Scop"tic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>skwptiko`s</grk>, from
<grk>skw`ptein</grk> to mock, to scoff at.] <def>Jesting; jeering;
scoffing.</def> [Obs.] <i>South.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Scop"tic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Scop"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Scopulas</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Scopul&aelig;</b></plw>
(#). [L. <i>scopulae</i>, pl. a little broom.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A peculiar brushlike organ found on the foot
of spiders and used in the construction of the web.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A special tuft of hairs on the leg of a
bee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scop"u*li*ped</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scopulae</i>, pl., a little broom (fr. <i>scopae</i> a broom) +
<i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species
of bee which has on the hind legs a brush of hairs used for collecting
pollen, as the hive bees and bumblebees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scop"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scopulosus</i>, fr. <i>scopulus</i> a rock, Gr. &?;.] <def>Full of
rocks; rocky.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scor"bute</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>scorbutus</i>:
cf. F. <i>scorbut</i>. See <u>Scurvy</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>Scurvy.</def> [Obs.] <i>Purchas.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scor*bu"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Scor*bu"tic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>scorbutique</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to scurvy; of the nature of, or resembling,
scurvy; diseased with scurvy; as, a <i>scorbutic</i> person;
<i>scorbutic</i> complaints or symptoms.</def> --
<wf>Scor*bu"tic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Scor*bu"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. See
<u>Scorbute</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Scurvy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scorce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Barter.</def> [Obs.]
See <u>Scorse</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Scorch</hw> (sk&ocirc;rch), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> <u>Scorched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Scorching</u>.] [OE. <i>scorchen</i>, probably
akin to <i>scorcnen</i>; cf. Norw. <i>skrokken</i> shrunk up,
<i>skrekka</i>, <i>skr&ouml;kka</i>, to shrink, to become wrinkled up,
dial. Sw. <i>skr&aring;kkla</i> to wrinkle (see <u>Shrug</u>); but
perhaps influenced by OF. <i>escorchier</i> to strip the bark from, to
flay, to skin, F. <i>&eacute;corcher</i>, LL. <i>excorticare</i>; L.
<i>ex</i> from + <i>cortex</i>, <i>-icis</i>, bark (cf. <u>Cork</u>);
because the skin falls off when scorched.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
burn superficially; to parch, or shrivel, the surface of, by heat; to
subject to so much heat as changes color and texture without
consuming; as, to <i>scorch</i> linen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Summer drouth or sing&egrave;d air<BR>
Never <i>scorch</i> thy tresses fair.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To affect painfully with heat, or as with
heat; to dry up with heat; to affect as by heat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lashed by mad rage, and <i>scorched</i> by brutal
fires.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To burn; to destroy by, or as by,
fire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Power was given unto him to <i>scorch</i> men with
fire.</blockquote> <i>Rev. xvi. 8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The fire that <i>scorches</i> me to death.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scorch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be burnt on the surface; to be parched; to be dried up.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Scatter a little mungy straw or fern amongst your
seedlings, to prevent the roots from <i>scorching</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To burn or be burnt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He laid his long forefinger on the scarlet letter,
which forthwith seemed to <i>scorch</i> into Hester's breast, as if it
had been red hot.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scorch"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Burning; parching or
shriveling with heat.</def> -- <wf>Scorch"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Scorch"ing*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Score</hw> (sk&omacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>scor</i>
twenty, fr. <i>sceran</i>, <i>scieran</i>, to shear, cut, divide; or
rather the kindred Icel. <i>skor</i> incision, twenty, akin to Dan.
<i>skure</i> a notch, Sw. <i>sk&aring;ra</i>. See <u>Shear</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A notch or incision; especially, one that is
made as a tally mark; hence, a mark, or line, made for the purpose of
account.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whereas, before, our forefathers had no other books but
the <i>score</i> and the tally, thou hast caused printing to be
used.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An account or reckoning; account of dues;
bill; hence, indebtedness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He parted well, and paid his <i>score</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Account; reason; motive; sake;
behalf.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But left the trade, as many more<BR>
Have lately done on the same <i>score</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You act your kindness in Cydaria's
<i>score</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The number twenty, as being marked off by a
special score or tally; hence, in <i>pl.</i>, a large
number.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Amongst three or four <i>score</i>
hogsheads.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At length the queen took upon herself to grant patents
of monopoly by <i>scores</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A distance of twenty yards; -- a term used
in ancient archery and gunnery.</def> <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A weight of twenty pounds.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The number of points gained by the
contestants, or either of them, in any game, as in cards or
cricket.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A line drawn; a groove or furrow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The original and entire
draught, or its transcript, of a composition, with the parts for all
the different instruments or voices written on staves one above
another, so that they can be read at a glance; -- so called from the
bar, which, in its early use, was drawn through all the parts.</def>
<i>Moore (Encyc. of Music).</i></p>

<p><col><b>In score</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>having all the parts
arranged and placed in juxtaposition.</cd> <i>Smart.</i> -- <col><b>To
quit scores</b></col>, <cd>to settle or balance accounts; to render an
equivalent; to make compensation.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Does not the earth <i>quit scores</i> with all the
elements in the noble fruits that issue from it?</blockquote>
<i>South.</i> </p>

<p><hw>Score</hw> (sk&omacr;r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Scored</u> (sk&omacr;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Scoring</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To mark with
lines, scratches, or notches; to cut notches or furrows in; to notch;
to scratch; to furrow; as, to <i>score</i> timber for hewing; to
<i>score</i> the back with a lash.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us <i>score</i> their backs.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A briar in that tangled wilderness<BR>
Had <i>scored</i> her white right hand.</blockquote> <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, to mark with significant lines
or notches, for indicating or keeping account of something; as, to
<i>score</i> a tally.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To mark or signify by lines or notches; to
keep record or account of; to set down; to record; to
charge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Madam, I know when,<BR>
Instead of five, you <i>scored</i> me ten.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor need I tallies thy dear love to
<i>score</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To engrave, as upon a shield.</def> [R.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To make a score of, as points, runs, etc.,
in a game.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To write down in proper order
and arrangement; as, to <i>score</i> an overture for an orchestra. See
<u>Score</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 9.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>To mark with parallel lines
or scratches; as, the rocks of New England and the Western States were
<i>scored</i> in the drift epoch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scor"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, scores.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sco"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scori&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; dung,
ordure.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The recrement of metals in fusion, or
the slag rejected after the reduction of metallic ores;
dross.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cellular slaggy lava; volcanic
cinders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sco"ri*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Scoriaceous.</def> <i>E. A. Poe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sco`ri*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>scoriac&eacute;</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to scoria; like scoria
or the recrement of metals; partaking of the nature of
scoria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sco"rie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The young of any gull.</def> [Written also <i>scaurie</i>.]
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sco`ri*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>scorification</i>. See <u>Scorify</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The
act, process, or result of scorifying, or reducing to a slag; hence,
the separation from earthy matter by means of a slag; as, the
<i>scorification</i> of ores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sco"ri*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>One who, or that which, scorifies; specifically, a small flat
bowl-shaped cup used in the first heating in assaying, to remove the
earth and gangue, and to concentrate the gold and silver in a lead
button.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sco"ri*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>In the form of
scoria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sco"ri*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scorified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scorifying</u> (?).] [<i>Scoria</i> + <i>-fy</i>: cf. F.
<i>scorifier</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To reduce to scoria or slag;
specifically, in assaying, to fuse so as to separate the gangue and
earthy material, with borax, lead, soda, etc., thus leaving the gold
and silver in a lead button; hence, to separate from, or by means of,
a slag.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sco"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Scoriaceous.</def> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scorn</hw> (sk&ocirc;rn), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>scorn</i>, <i>scarn</i>, <i>scharn</i>, OF. <i>escarn</i>,
<i>escharn</i>, <i>eschar</i>, of German origin; cf. OHG. <i>skern</i>
mockery, <i>skern&omacr;n</i> to mock; but cf. also OF.
<i>escorner</i> to mock.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Extreme and lofty
contempt; haughty disregard; that disdain which springs from the
opinion of the utter meanness and unworthiness of an object.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Scorn</i> at first makes after love the
more.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And wandered backward as in <i>scorn</i>,<BR>
To wait an &aelig;on to be born.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An act or expression of extreme
contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every sullen frown and bitter <i>scorn</i><BR>
But fanned the fuel that too fast did burn.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An object of extreme disdain, contempt, or
derision.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou makest us a reproach to our neighbors, a
<i>scorn</i> and a derision to them that are round about
us.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xliv. 13.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To think scorn</b></col>, <cd>to regard as worthy of scorn
or contempt; to disdain.</cd> "He <i>thought scorn</i> to lay hands on
Mordecai alone." <i>Esther iii. 6.</i> -- <col><b>To laugh to
scorn</b></col>, <cd>to deride; to make a mock of; to ridicule as
contemptible.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Contempt; disdain; derision; contumely; despite;
slight; dishonor; mockery.</p>

<p><hw>Scorn</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scorned</u> (sk&ocirc;rnd); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Scoring</u>.] [OE. <i>scornen</i>, <i>scarnen</i>,
<i>schornen</i>, OF. <i>escarnir</i>, <i>escharnir</i>. See
<u>Scorn</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hold in
extreme contempt; to reject as unworthy of regard; to despise; to
contemn; to disdain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>scorn</i> thy meat; 't would choke
me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This my long sufferance, and my day of grace,<BR>
Those who neglect and <i>scorn</i> shall never taste.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>scorn</i> what is in itself contemptible or
disgraceful.</blockquote> <i>C. J. Smith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To treat with extreme contempt; to make the
object of insult; to mock; to scoff at; to deride.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His fellow, that lay by his bed's side,<BR>
Gan for to laugh, and <i>scorned</i> him full fast.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To taunt and <i>scorn</i> you thus
opprobriously.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To contemn; despise; disdain. See
<u>Contemn</u>.</p>

<p><! p. 1290 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Scorn</hw> (sk&ocirc;rn), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
scoff; to mock; to show contumely, derision, or reproach; to act
disdainfully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He said mine eyes were black and my hair black,<BR>
And, now I am remembered, <i>scorned</i> at me.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scorn"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who scorns; a
despiser; a contemner; specifically, a scoffer at religion.</def>
"Great <i>scorners</i> of death." <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Surely he scorneth the <i>scorners</i>: but he giveth
grace unto the lowly.</blockquote> <i>Prov. iii. 34.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scorn"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of scorn or contempt; contemptuous; disdainful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Scornful</i> of winter's frost and summer's
sun.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Dart not <i>scornful</i> glances from those
eyes.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Treated with scorn; exciting scorn.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>scornful</i> mark of every open
eye.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Contemptuous; disdainful; contumelious; reproachful;
insolent.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Scorn"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Scorn"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Scorn"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deserving scorn;
paltry.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scor"o*dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>scorodit</i>;
-- so called in allusion to its smell under the blowpipe, from Gr. &?;
garlic.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A leek-green or brownish mineral occurring
in orthorhombic crystals. It is a hydrous arseniate of iron.</def>
[Written also <i>skorodite</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Scor*p&aelig;"noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>Scorpaena</i>, a typical genus (see <u>Scorpene</u>) + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the family
<i>Scorp&aelig;nid&aelig;</i>, which includes the scorpene, the
rosefish, the California rockfishes, and many other food fishes.
[Written also <i>scorp&aelig;nid</i>.] See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Rockfish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scor"pene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>scorp&egrave;ne</i>, fr. L. <i>scorpaena</i> a kind of fish, Gr.
&?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A marine food fish of the genus
<i>Scorp&aelig;na</i>, as the European hogfish (<i>S. scrofa</i>), and
the California species (<i>S. guttata</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Scor"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Scauper</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scor"pi*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scorpiones</b></plw> (#). [L.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A scorpion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
eighth sign of the zodiac, which the sun enters about the twenty-third
day of October, marked thus [&scorpio;] in almanacs.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A constellation of the zodiac containing the
bright star Antares. It is drawn on the celestial globe in the figure
of a scorpion.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scor`pi*o"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Scorpiones</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scor"pi*oid</hw> (?), <hw>Scor`pi*oid"al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; a scorpion + &?; form.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the inflorescence curved or circinate
at the end, like a scorpion's tail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scor"pi*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>scorpio</i>, <i>scorpius</i>, Gr. &?;, perhaps akin to E.
<i>sharp</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
numerous species of pulmonate arachnids of the order Scorpiones,
having a suctorial mouth, large claw-bearing palpi, and a caudal
sting.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Scorpions have a flattened body, and a long, slender post-
abdomen formed of six movable segments, the last of which terminates
in a curved venomous sting. The venom causes great pain, but is
unattended either with redness or swelling, except in the axillary or
inguinal glands, when an extremity is affected. It is seldom if ever
destructive of life. Scorpions are found widely dispersed in the warm
climates of both the Old and New Worlds.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The pine or gray lizard
(<i>Sceloporus undulatus</i>).</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The scorpene.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Script.)</i> <def>A painful
scourge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My father hath chastised you with whips, but I will
chastise you with <i>scorpions</i>.</blockquote> <i>1 Kings xii.
11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A sign and constellation.
See <u>Scorpio</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>An ancient military engine
for hurling stones and other missiles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Book scorpion</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Book</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>False scorpion</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under <u>False</u>, and <i>Book
scorpion</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Scorpion bug</b></col>, <i>or</i>
<col><b>Water scorpion</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Nepa</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Scorpion fly</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a neuropterous insect of the genus
<i>Panorpa</i>. See <u>Panorpid</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Scorpion
grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant of the genus
<i>Myosotis</i>. <i>M. palustris</i> is the forget-me-not.</cd> --
<col><b>Scorpion senna</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a yellow-flowered
leguminous shrub (<i>Coronilla Emerus</i>) having a slender joined
pod, like a scorpion's tail. The leaves are said to yield a dye like
indigo, and to be used sometimes to adulterate senna.</cd> --
<col><b>Scorpion shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any shell of
the genus Pteroceras. See <u>Pteroceras</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Scorpion
spiders</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of the
Pedipalpi.</cd> -- <col><b>Scorpion's tail</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>any plant of the leguminous genus <i>Scorpiurus</i>, herbs with a
circinately coiled pod; -- also called <i>caterpillar</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Scorpion's thorn</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a thorny
leguminous plant (<i>Genista Scorpius</i>) of Southern Europe.</cd> --
<col><b>The Scorpion's Heart</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the star
Antares in the constellation Scorpio.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Scor`pi*o"nes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of arachnids comprising the
scorpions.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scor`pi*o*nid"e*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Scorpiones</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scor"pi*on*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A leguminous plant (<i>Ornithopus scorpioides</i>) of Southern
Europe, having slender curved pods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scorse</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. It.
<i>scorsa</i> a course, and E. <i>discourse</i>.] <def>Barter;
exchange; trade.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And recompensed them with a better
<i>scorse</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scorse</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>scourse</i>, and <i>scoss</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To barter
or exchange.</def> [Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To chase.</def> [Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scorse</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To deal for the
purchase of anything; to practice barter.</def> [Obs.] <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scor"ta*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scortator</i> a fornicator, from <i>scortari</i> to fornicate,
<i>scortum</i> a prostitute.] <def>Pertaining to lewdness or
fornication; lewd.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A name for a
horse.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scot</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L. <i>Skoti</i>, pl., AS.
<i>Scotta</i>, pl. <i>Skottas</i>, <i>Sceottas</i>.] <def>A native or
inhabitant of Scotland; a Scotsman, or Scotchman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scot</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>skot</i>; or OF.
<i>escot</i>, F. <i>&eacute;cot</i>, LL. <i>scottum</i>,
<i>scotum</i>, from a kindred German word; akin to AS. <i>scot</i>,
and E. <i>shot</i>, <i>shoot</i>; cf. AS. <i>sce&oacute;tan</i> to
shoot, to contribute. See <u>Shoot</u>, and cf. <u>Shot</u>.] <def>A
portion of money assessed or paid; a tax or contribution; a mulct; a
fine; a shot.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scot and lot</b></col>, <cd>formerly, a parish assessment
laid on subjects according to their ability.</cd> [Eng.]
<i>Cowell.</i> <cd>Now, a phrase for obligations of every kind
regarded collectivelly.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Experienced men of the world know very well that it is
best to pay <i>scot and lot</i> as they go along.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i> </p>

<p>{ <hw>Scot"al</hw> (?), <hw>Scot"ale</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Scot</i> + <i>ale</i>.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>
<def>The keeping of an alehouse by an officer of a forest, and drawing
people to spend their money for liquor, for fear of his
displeasure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scotch</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Scottish</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to Scotland, its language, or its inhabitants;
Scottish.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scotch broom</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the <i>Cytisus
scoparius</i>. See <u>Broom</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Scotch
dipper</b></col>, or <col><b>Scotch duck</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the bufflehead; -- called also <i>Scotch
teal</i>, and <i>Scotchman</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Scotch
fiddle</b></col>, <cd>the itch.</cd> [Low] <i>Sir W. Scott.</i> --
<col><b>Scotch mist</b></col>, <cd>a coarse, dense mist, like fine
rain.</cd> -- <col><b>Scotch nightingale</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the sedge warbler.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] --
<col><b>Scotch pebble</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>pebble</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Scotch pine</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Riga
fir</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Scotch thistle</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
species of thistle (<i>Onopordon acanthium</i>); -- so called from its
being the national emblem of the Scotch.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scotch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
dialect or dialects of English spoken by the people of
Scotland.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Collectively, the people of
Scotland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scotch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scotched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scotching</u>.] [Cf. Prov. E. <i>scote</i> a prop, and Walloon
<i>ascot</i> a prop, <i>ascoter</i> to prop, F. <i>accoter</i>, also
Armor. <i>skoaz</i> the shoulder, <i>skoazia</i> to shoulder up, to
prop, to support, W. <i>ysgwydd</i> a shoulder, <i>ysgwyddo</i> to
shoulder. Cf. <u>Scoat</u>.] [Written also <i>scoatch</i>,
<i>scoat</i>.] <def>To shoulder up; to prop or block with a wedge,
chock, etc., as a wheel, to prevent its rolling or slipping.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scotch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A chock, wedge, prop, or
other support, to prevent slipping; as, a <i>scotch</i> for a wheel or
a log on inclined ground.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scotch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Probably the same word as
<i>scutch</i>; cf. Norw. <i>skoka</i>, <i>skoko</i>, a swingle for
flax; perhaps akin to E. <i>shake</i>.] <def>To cut superficially; to
wound; to score.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have <i>scotched</i> the snake, not killed
it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Scotched collops</b></col> <i>(Cookery)</i>, <cd>a dish
made of pieces of beef or veal cut thin, or minced, beaten flat, and
stewed with onion and other condiments; -- called also <i>Scotch
collops</i>.</cd> [Written also <i>scotcht collops</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Scotch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A slight cut or
incision; a score.</def> <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scotch"-hop`per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Hopscotch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scotch"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Masonry)</i>
<def>Dressing stone with a pick or pointed instrument.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scotch"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scotchmen</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A native or
inhabitant of Scotland; a Scot; a Scotsman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A piece of wood or stiff
hide placed over shrouds and other rigging to prevent chafe by the
running gear.</def> <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sco"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. E.
<i>scote</i> to plow up.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
species of northern sea ducks of the genus <i>Oidemia</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The European scoters are <i>Oidemia nigra</i>, called also
<i>black duck</i>, <i>black diver</i>, <i>surf duck</i>; and the
velvet, or double, scoter (<i>O. fusca</i>). The common American
species are the velvet, or white-winged, scoter (<i>O. Deglandi</i>),
called also <i>velvet duck</i>, <i>white-wing</i>, <i>bull coot</i>,
<i>white-winged coot</i>; the black scoter (<i>O. Americana</i>),
called also <i>black coot</i>, <i>butterbill</i>, <i>coppernose</i>;
and the surf scoter, or surf duck (<i>O. perspicillata</i>), called
also <i>baldpate</i>, <i>skunkhead</i>, <i>horsehead</i>,
<i>patchhead</i>, <i>pishaug</i>, and <i>spectacled coot</i>. These
birds are collectively called also <i>coots</i>. The females and young
are called <i>gray coots</i>, and <i>brown coots</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Scot"-free"</hw> [?], <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
payment of scot; untaxed; hence, unhurt; clear; safe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Do as much for this purpose, and thou shalt pass
<i>scot-free</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then young Hay escaped <i>scot-free</i> to
Holland.</blockquote> <i>A. Lang.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scoth</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To clothe or cover
up.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sco"ti*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>skoti`a</grk> darkness, a sunken molding in the base of a pillar,
so called from the dark shadow it casts, from <grk>sko`tos</grk>
darkness.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A concave molding used especially in
classical architecture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sco"ti*a</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>Scotland</def>
[Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>O <i>Scotia</i>! my dear, my native soil!</blockquote>
<i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sco"tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>A follower of (Joannes) Duns <i>Scotus</i>, the Franciscan
scholastic (<i>d.</i> 1308), who maintained certain doctrines in
philosophy and theology, in opposition to the <i>Thomists</i>, or
followers of Thomas Aquinas, the Dominican scholastic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scot"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sko`tos</grk> darkness + <i>-graph</i>.] <def>An instrument for
writing in the dark, or without seeing.</def> <i>Maunder.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sco*to"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Scotomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>scotomia</i>,
from Gr. &?; dizziness, fr. &?; to darken, fr. <grk>sko`tos</grk>
darkness: cf. F. <i>scotomie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Dizziness
with dimness of sight.</def> [Obs.] <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Obscuration of the field of
vision due to the appearance of a dark spot before the eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sco"to*scope</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sko`tos</grk> darkness + <i>-scope</i>.] <def>An instrument that
discloses objects in the dark or in a faint light.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scots</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [For older <i>Scottis</i>
Scottish. See <u>Scottish</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the Scotch;
Scotch; Scottish; as, <i>Scots</i> law; a pound <i>Scots</i> (1s.
8d.).</def></p>

<p><hw>Scots"man</hw> (-m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scotchman</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scot"ter*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The burning of
a wad of pease straw at the end of harvest.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scot"ti*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An idiom, or
mode of expression, peculiar to Scotland or Scotchmen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That, in short, in which the <i>Scotticism</i> of
Scotsmen most intimately consists, is the habit of
emphasis.</blockquote> <i>Masson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scot"ti*cize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to
become like the Scotch; to make Scottish.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Scot"tish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Scot</u> a
Scotchman: cf. AS. <i>Scyttisc</i>, and E. <u>Scotch</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Scots</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Of or
pertaining to the inhabitants of Scotland, their country, or their
language; as, <i>Scottish</i> industry or economy; a <i>Scottish</i>
chief; a <i>Scottish</i> dialect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scoun"drel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably from Prov.
E. & Scotch <i>scunner</i>, <i>scouner</i>, to loathe, to disgust,
akin to AS. <i>scunian</i> to shun. See <u>Shun</u>.] <def>A mean,
worthless fellow; a rascal; a villain; a man without honor or
virtue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Go, if your ancient, but ignoble blood<BR>
Has crept through <i>scoundrels</i> ever since the flood.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scoun"drel</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Low; base; mean;
unprincipled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scoun"drel*dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The domain
or sphere of scoundrels; scoundrels, collectively; the state, ideas,
or practices of scoundrels.</def> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scoun"drel*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
practices or conduct of a scoundrel; baseness; rascality.</def>
<i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scour</hw> (skour), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scoured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scouring</u>.] [Akin to LG. <i>sch&uuml;ren</i>, D. <i>schuren</i>,
<i>schueren</i>, G. <i>scheuern</i>, Dan. <i>skure</i>; Sw.
<i>skura</i>; all possibly fr. LL. <i>escurare</i>, fr. L. <i>ex</i> +
<i>curare</i> to take care. Cf. <u>Cure</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To rub hard with something rough, as sand or Bristol brick,
especially for the purpose of cleaning; to clean by friction; to make
clean or bright; to cleanse from grease, dirt, etc., as articles of
dress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To purge; as, to <i>scour</i> a
horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To remove by rubbing or cleansing; to sweep
along or off; to carry away or remove, as by a current of water; --
often with <i>off</i> or <i>away</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[I will] stain my favors in a bloody mask,<BR>
Which, washed away, shall <i>scour</i> my shame with it.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [Perhaps a different word; cf. OF.
<i>escorre</i>, <i>escourre</i>, It. <i>scorrere</i>, both fr. L.
<i>excurrere</i> to run forth. Cf. <u>Excursion</u>.] <def>To pass
swiftly over; to brush along; to traverse or search thoroughly; as, to
<i>scour</i> the coast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not so when swift Camilla <i>scours</i> the
plain.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Scouring barrel</b></col>, <cd>a tumbling barrel. See under
<u>Tumbling</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Scouring cinder</b></col>
<i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>a basic slag, which attacks the lining of a shaft
furnace.</cd> <i>Raymond.</i> -- <col><b>Scouring rush</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <i>Dutch rush</i>, under <u>Dutch</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Scouring stock</b></col> <i>(Woolen Manuf.)</i>, <cd>a kind of
fulling mill.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scour</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
clean anything by rubbing.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cleanse anything.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Warm water is softer than cold, for it <i>scoureth</i>
better.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be purged freely; to have a
diarrh&oelig;a.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To run swiftly; to rove or range in pursuit
or search of something; to scamper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So four fierce coursers, starting to the race,<BR>
<i>Scour</i> through the plain, and lengthen every pace.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scour</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Diarrh&oelig;a or
dysentery among cattle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scour"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Refuse water
after scouring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scour"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, scours.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rover or footpad; a prowling
robber.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In those days of highwaymen and
<i>scourers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scourge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>escourg&eacute;e</i>, fr. L. <i>excoriata</i> (sc. <i>scutica</i>)
a stripped off (lash or whip), fr. <i>excoriare</i> to strip, to skin.
See <u>Excoriate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A lash; a strap or
cord; especially, a lash used to inflict pain or punishment; an
instrument of punishment or discipline; a whip.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Up to coach then goes<BR>
The observed maid, takes both the <i>scourge</i> and
reins.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a means of inflicting punishment,
vengeance, or suffering; an infliction of affliction; a
punishment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sharp <i>scourges</i> of adversity.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>scourge</i> for perjury<BR>
Can this dark monarchy afford false Clarence?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scourge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scourged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scourging</u> (?).] [From <u>Scourge</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>: cf.
OF. <i>escorgier</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To whip severely; to
lash.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Is it lawful for you to <i>scourge</i> a . . .
Roman?</blockquote> <i>Acts xxii. 25.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To punish with severity; to chastise; to
afflict, as for sins or faults, and with the purpose of
correction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whom the Lord loveth he chasteneth, and
<i>scourgeth</i> every son whom he receiveth.</blockquote> <i>Heb.
xii. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To harass or afflict severely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>scourge</i> and impoverish the
people.</blockquote> <i>Brougham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scour"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who scourges
or punishes; one who afflicts severely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The West must own the <i>scourger</i> of the
world.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scourse</hw> (sk&omacr;rs), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scorse</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scouse</hw> (skous), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
sailor's dish. Bread <i>scouse</i> contains no meat; lob<i>scouse</i>
contains meat, etc. See <u>Lobscouse</u>.</def> <i>Ham. Nav.
Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scout</hw> (skout), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>sk&umacr;ta</i> a small craft or cutter.] <def>A swift sailing
boat.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So we took a <i>scout</i>, very much pleased with the
manner and conversation of the passengers.</blockquote>
<i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scout</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>sk&umacr;ta</i> to
jut out. Cf. <u>Scout</u> to reject.] <def>A projecting rock.</def>
[Prov. Eng.] <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1291 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Scout</hw> (skout), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>sk&umacr;ta</i> a taunt; cf. Icel. <i>sk&umacr;ta</i> to jut out,
<i>skota</i> to shove, <i>skj&omacr;ta</i> to shoot, to shove. See
<u>Shoot</u>.] <def>To reject with contempt, as something absurd; to
treat with ridicule; to flout; as, to <i>scout</i> an idea or an
apology.</def> "Flout 'em and <i>scout</i> 'em." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scout</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>escoute</i> scout,
spy, fr. <i>escouter</i>, <i>escolter</i>, to listen, to hear, F.
<i>&eacute;couter</i>, fr. L. <i>auscultare</i>, to hear with
attention, to listen to. See <u>Auscultation</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A person sent out to gain and bring in tidings; especially, one
employed in war to gain information of the movements and condition of
an enemy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Scouts</i> each coast light-arm&egrave;d scour,<BR>
Each quarter, to descry the distant foe.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A college student's or undergraduate's
servant; -- so called in Oxford, England; at Cambridge called a
<i>gyp</i>; and at Dublin, a <i>skip</i>.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Cricket)</i> <def>A fielder in a game for
practice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act of scouting or
reconnoitering.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>While the rat is on the <i>scout</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Scout</u>, <u>Spy</u>. -- In a military sense a
<i>scout</i> is a soldier who does duty in his proper uniform, however
hazardous his adventure. A <i>spy</i> is one who in disguise
penetrates the enemies' lines, or lurks near them, to obtain
information.</p>

<p><hw>Scout</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scouted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scouting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To observe, watch, or look
for, as a scout; to follow for the purpose of observation, as a
scout.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Take more men,<BR>
And <i>scout</i> him round.</blockquote> <i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pass over or through, as a scout; to
reconnoiter; as, to <i>scout</i> a country.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scout</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To go on the business
of scouting, or watching the motions of an enemy; to act as a
scout.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With obscure wing<BR>
<i>Scout</i> far and wide into the realm of night.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scov"el</hw> (sk&ubreve;v"'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>escouve</i>, <i>escouvette</i>, broom, L. <i>scopae</i>, or cf. W.
<i>ysgubell</i>, dim. of <i>ysgub</i> a broom.] <def>A mop for
sweeping ovens; a malkin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scow</hw> (skou), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>schouw</i>.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A large flat-bottomed boat, having broad, square
ends.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scow</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To transport in a
scow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scowl</hw> (skoul), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scowled</u> (skould); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Scowling</u>.] [Akin to Dan. <i>skule</i>; cf. Icel.
<i>skolla</i> to skulk, LG. <i>schulen</i> to hide one's self, D.
<i>schuilen</i>, G. <i>schielen</i> to squint, Dan. <i>skele</i>, Sw.
<i>skela</i>, AS. <i>sceolh</i> squinting. Cf. <u>Skulk</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To wrinkle the brows, as in frowning or
displeasure; to put on a frowning look; to look sour, sullen, severe,
or angry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>scowled</i> and frowned with froward
countenance.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to look gloomy, dark, or
threatening; to lower.</def> "The <i>scowling</i> heavens."
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scowl</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
look at or repel with a scowl or a frown.</def> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To express by a scowl; as, to <i>scowl</i>
defiance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scowl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
wrinkling of the brows or face in frowing; the expression of
displeasure, sullenness, or discontent in the countenance; an angry
frown.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With solemn phiz, and critic <i>scowl</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Lloyd.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, gloom; dark or threatening
aspect.</def> <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A ruddy storm, whose <i>scowl</i><BR>
Made heaven's radiant face look foul.</blockquote> <i>Crashaw.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scowl"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a scowling
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrab"bed eggs`</hw> (?). [CF. <u>Scramble</u>.] <def>A Lenten
dish, composed of eggs boiled hard, chopped, and seasoned with butter,
salt, and pepper.</def> <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrab"ble</hw> (skr&abreve;b"b'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> <u>Scrabbled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Scrabbling</u> (?).] [Freq. of <i>scrape</i>. Cf.
<u>Scramble</u>, <u>Scrawl</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To scrape, paw, or scratch with the hands; to
proceed by clawing with the hands and feet; to scramble; as, to
<i>scrabble</i> up a cliff or a tree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now after a while Little-faith came to himself, and
getting up made shift to <i>scrabble</i> on his way.</blockquote>
<i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make irregular, crooked, or unmeaning
marks; to scribble; to scrawl.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>David . . . <i>scrabbled</i> on the doors of the
gate.</blockquote> <i>1. Sam. xxi. 13.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrab"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mark with
irregular lines or letters; to scribble; as, to <i>scrabble</i>
paper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrab"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
scrabbling; a moving upon the hands and knees; a scramble; also, a
scribble.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scra"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Scrabble</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The Manx
shearwater.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The black
guillemot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scraf"fle</hw> (skr&abreve;f"f'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Scramble</u>: cf. OD. <i>schraeffelen</i> to scrape.] <def>To
scramble or struggle; to wrangle; also, to be industrious.</def>
[Prov. Eng.] <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrag</hw> (skr&abreve;g), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. dial. Sw.
<i>skraka</i> a great dry tree, a long, lean man, Gael.
<i>sgreagach</i> dry, shriveled, rocky. See <u>Shrink</u>, and cf.
<u>Scrog</u>, <u>Shrag</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something thin, lean, or rough; a bony piece; especially, a bony
neckpiece of meat; hence, humorously or in contempt, the
neck.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lady MacScrew, who . . . serves up a <i>scrag</i> of
mutton on silver.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rawboned person.</def> [Low]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A ragged, stunted tree or branch.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scrag whale</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a North
Atlantic whalebone whale (<i>Agaphelus gibbosus</i>). By some it is
considered the young of the right whale.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scrag"ged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Rough with irregular points, or a broken surface; scraggy; as, a
<i>scragged</i> backbone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lean and rough; scraggy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrag"ged*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state
of being scragged.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrag"gi*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a scraggy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrag"gi*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being scraggy; scraggedness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrag"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Scragger</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Scraggiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Rough with irregular points; scragged.</def> "A <i>scraggy</i>
rock." <i>J. Philips.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lean and rough; scragged.</def> "His
sinewy, <i>scraggy</i> neck." <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrag"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scraggy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrag"-necked`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
scraggy neck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scram"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scrambled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scrambling</u> (?).] [Freq. of Prov. E. <i>scramb</i> to rake
together with the hands, or of <i>scramp</i> to snatch at. cf.
<u>Scrabble</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To clamber with hands and
knees; to scrabble; as, to <i>scramble</i> up a cliff; to
<i>scramble</i> over the rocks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To struggle eagerly with others for
something thrown upon the ground; to go down upon all fours to seize
something; to catch rudely at what is desired.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of other care they little reckoning make,<BR>
Than how to <i>scramble</i> at the shearer's feast.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scram"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To collect by scrambling; as, to <i>scramble</i> up wealth.</def>
<i>Marlowe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To prepare (eggs) as a dish for the table,
by stirring the yolks and whites together while cooking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scram"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of scrambling, climbing on all fours, or
clambering.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of jostling and pushing for
something desired; eager and unceremonious struggle for what is thrown
or held out; as, a <i>scramble</i> for office.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Scarcity [of money] enhances its price, and increases
the <i>scramble</i>.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scram"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who scrambles; one who climbs on all fours.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A greedy and unceremonious
contestant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scram"bling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Confused and
irregular; awkward; scambling.</def> -- <wf>Scram"bling*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>A huge old <i>scrambling</i> bedroom.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scranch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scranched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scranching</u>.] [Cf. D. <i>schransen</i> to eat greedily, G.
<i>schranzen</i>. Cf. <u>Crunch</u>, <u>Scrunch</u>.] <def>To grind
with the teeth, and with a crackling sound; to craunch.</def> [Prov.
Eng. & Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Scrank"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Thin; lean.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Scran"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Scrawny</u>.]
<def>Slight; thin; lean; poor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Grate on their <i>scrannel</i> pipes of wretched
straw.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scran"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Scrannel</u>.]
<def>Thin; lean; meager; scrawny; scrannel.</def> [Prov. Eng. &
Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Scrap</hw> (skr&abreve;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>scrappe</i>, fr. Icel. <i>skrap</i> trifle, cracking. See
<u>Scrape</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something scraped off; hence, a small piece; a bit; a fragment; a
detached, incomplete portion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have no materials -- not a <i>scrap</i>.</blockquote>
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, a fragment of something
written or printed; a brief excerpt; an unconnected extract.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The crisp substance that remains
after drying out animal fat; as, pork <i>scraps</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Same as <i>Scrap iron</i>,
below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scrap forgings</b></col>, <cd>forgings made from wrought
iron scrap.</cd> -- <col><b>Scrap iron</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Cuttings and waste pieces of wrought iron from which bar iron or
forgings can be made; -- called also <i>wrought-iron scrap</i>.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Fragments of cast iron or defective castings
suitable for remelting in the foundry; -- called also <i>foundry
scrap</i>, or <i>cast scrap</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scrap"book`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A blank book in
which extracts cut from books and papers may be pasted and
kept.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrape</hw> (skr&amacr;p), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> <u>Scraped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Scraping</u>.] [Icel. <i>skrapa</i>; akin to Sw.
<i>skrapa</i>, Dan. <i>skrabe</i>, D. <i>schrapen</i>,
<i>schrabben</i>, G. <i>schrappen</i>, and prob. to E. <i>sharp</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rub over the surface of (something) with a
sharp or rough instrument; to rub over with something that roughens by
removing portions of the surface; to grate harshly over; to abrade; to
make even, or bring to a required condition or form, by moving the
sharp edge of an instrument breadthwise over the surface with
pressure, cutting away excesses and superfluous parts; to make smooth
or clean; as, to <i>scrape</i> a bone with a knife; to <i>scrape</i> a
metal plate to an even surface.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To remove by rubbing or scraping (in the
sense above).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will also <i>scrape</i> her dust from her, and make
her like the top of a rock.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. xxvi. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To collect by, or as by, a process of
scraping; to gather in small portions by laborious effort; hence, to
acquire avariciously and save penuriously; -- often followed by
<i>together</i> or <i>up</i>; as, to <i>scrape</i> money
together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The prelatical party complained that, to swell a number
the nonconformists did not choose, but <i>scrape</i>,
subscribers.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To express disapprobation of, as a play, or
to silence, as a speaker, by drawing the feet back and forth upon the
floor; -- usually with <i>down</i>.</def> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To scrape acquaintance</b></col>, <cd>to seek acquaintance
otherwise than by an introduction.</cd> <i>Farquhar.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He tried to <i>scrape acquaintance</i> with her, but
failed ignominiously.</blockquote> <i>G. W. Cable.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrape</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
rub over the surface of anything with something which roughens or
removes it, or which smooths or cleans it; to rub harshly and noisily
along.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To occupy one's self with getting
laboriously; as, he <i>scraped</i> and saved until he became
rich.</def> "[Spend] their <i>scraping</i> fathers' gold."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To play awkwardly and inharmoniously on a
violin or like instrument.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To draw back the right foot along the
ground or floor when making a bow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrape</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of scraping; also, the effect of scraping, as a scratch, or a
harsh sound; as, a noisy <i>scrape</i> on the floor; a <i>scrape</i>
of a pen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A drawing back of the right foot when
bowing; also, a bow made with that accompaniment.</def> <i>H.
Spencer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A disagreeable and embarrassing predicament
out of which one can not get without undergoing, as it were, a painful
rubbing or scraping; a perplexity; a difficulty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The too eager pursuit of this his old enemy through
thick and thin has led him into many of these
<i>scrapes</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrape"pen`ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
gathers and hoards money in trifling sums; a miser.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrap"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An instrument with which anything is scraped.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An instrument by which the soles of shoes are
cleaned from mud and the like, by drawing them across it.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An instrument drawn by oxen or horses, used
for scraping up earth in making or repairing roads, digging cellars,
canals etc.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An
instrument having two or three sharp sides or edges, for cleaning the
planks, masts, or decks of a ship.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<i>(Lithography)</i> <def>In the printing press, a board, or blade,
the edge of which is made to rub over the tympan sheet and thus
produce the impression.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who scrapes.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One who plays awkwardly on a violin.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One who acquires avariciously and saves
penuriously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrap"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of scraping; the act or process of making even, or
reducing to the proper form, by means of a scraper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something scraped off; that which is
separated from a substance, or is collected by scraping; as, the
<i>scraping</i> of the street.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrap"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling the act
of, or the effect produced by, one who, or that which, scrapes; as, a
<i>scraping</i> noise; a <i>scraping</i> miser.</def> --
<wf>Scrap"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Scrap"pi*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a scrappy
manner; in scraps.</def> <i>Mary Cowden Clarke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrap"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of
scraps; fragmentary; lacking unity or consistency; as, a
<i>scrappy</i> lecture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A dreadfully <i>scrappy</i> dinner.</blockquote>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrat</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>scratten</i>.
Cf. <u>Scratch</u>.] <def>To scratch.</def> [Obs.] <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrat</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To rake; to
search.</def> [Obs.] <i>Mir. for Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrat</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>scritta</i> an
hermaphrodite, Ir. <i>scrut</i> a scrub, a low, mean person, Gael.
<i>sgrut</i>, <i>sgruit</i>, an old, shriveled person.] <def>An
hermaphrodite.</def> [Obs.] <i>Skinner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scratch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scratched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scratching</u>.] [OE. <i>cracchen</i> (perhaps influenced by OE.
<i>scratten</i> to scratch); cf. OHG. <i>chrazz&omacr;n</i>, G.
<i>kratzen</i>, OD. <i>kratsen</i>, <i>kretsen</i>, D. <i>krassen</i>,
Sw. <i>kratsa</i> to scrape, <i>kratta</i> to rake, to scratch, Dan.
<i>kradse</i> to scratch, to scrape, Icel. <i>krota</i> to engrave.
Cf. <u>Grate</u> to rub.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rub and tear or
mark the surface of with something sharp or ragged; to scrape,
roughen, or wound slightly by drawing something pointed or rough
across, as the claws, the nails, a pin, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Small sand-colored stones, so hard as to <i>scratch</i>
glass.</blockquote> <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Be mindful, when invention fails,<BR>
To <i>scratch</i> your head, and bite your nails.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To write or draw hastily or
awkwardly.</def> "<i>Scratch</i> out a pamphlet." <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cancel by drawing one or more lines
through, as the name of a candidate upon a ballot, or of a horse in a
list; hence, to erase; to efface; -- often with <i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To dig or excavate with the claws; as, some
animals <i>scratch</i> holes, in which they burrow.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To scratch a ticket</b></col>, <cd>to cancel one or more
names of candidates on a party ballot; to refuse to vote the party
ticket in its entirety.</cd> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Scratch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To use the claws or nails in tearing or in digging; to make
scratches.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dull, tame things, . . . that will neither bite nor
<i>scratch</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Billiards)</i> <def>To score, not by
skillful play but by some fortunate chance of the game.</def> [Cant,
U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Scratch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
break in the surface of a thing made by scratching, or by rubbing with
anything pointed or rough; a slight wound, mark, furrow, or
incision.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The coarse file . . . makes deep <i>scratches</i> in
the work.</blockquote> <i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These nails with <i>scratches</i> deform my
breast.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God forbid a shallow <i>scratch</i> should drive<BR>
The prince of Wales from such a field as this.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Pugilistic Matches)</i> <def>A line across
the prize ring; up to which boxers are brought when they join fight;
hence, test, trial, or proof of courage; as, to bring to the
<i>scratch</i>; to come up to the <i>scratch</i>.</def> [Cant]
<i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>Minute, but tender
and troublesome, excoriations, covered with scabs, upon the heels of
horses which have been used where it is very wet or muddy.</def>
<i>Law (Farmer's Veter. Adviser).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A kind of wig covering only a portion of
the head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Billiards)</i> <def>A shot which scores by
chance and not as intended by the player; a fluke.</def> [Cant, U.
S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Scratch cradle</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Cratch cradle</i>,
under <u>Cratch</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Scratch grass</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a climbing knotweed (<i>Polygonum sagittatum</i>)
with a square stem beset with fine recurved prickles along the
angles.</cd> -- <col><b>Scratch wig</b></col>. <cd>Same as
<u>Scratch</u>, 4, above.</cd> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scratch</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made, done, or
happening by chance; arranged with little or no preparation;
determined by circumstances; haphazard; as, a <i>scratch</i> team; a
<i>scratch</i> crew for a boat race; a <i>scratch</i> shot in
billiards.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>Scratch race</b></col>, <cd>one without restrictions
regarding the entrance of competitors; also, one for which the
competitors are chosen by lot.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scratch"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A toy which
imitates the sound of tearing cloth, -- used by drawing it across the
back of unsuspecting persons.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scratch"brush`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stiff wire
brush for cleaning iron castings and other metal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scratch" coat`</hw> (?). <def>The first coat in plastering; --
called also <i>scratchwork</i>. See <u>Pricking-up</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scratch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, scratches; specifically <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, any rasorial
bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scratch"ing</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With the action
of scratching.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scratch"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Cleavers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scratch"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scratch coat</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scratch"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characterized by
scratches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scraw</hw> (skr&add;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir. <i>scrath</i>
a turf, <i>sgraith</i> a turf, green sod; akin to Gael. <i>sgrath</i>,
<i>sgroth</i>, the outer skin of anything, a turf, a green sod.]
<def>A turf.</def> [Obs.] <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrawl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Crawl</u>.</def> [Obs.] <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrawl</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scrawled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scrawling</u>.] [Probably corrupted from <i>scrabble</i>.] <def>To
draw or mark awkwardly and irregularly; to write hastily and
carelessly; to scratch; to scribble; as, to <i>scrawl</i> a
letter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His name, <i>scrawled</i> by himself.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrawl</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To write unskillfully
and inelegantly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though with a golden pen you
<i>scrawl</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1292 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Scrawl</hw> (skr&add;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Unskillful
or inelegant writing; that which is unskillfully or inelegantly
written.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The left hand will make such a <i>scrawl</i>, that it
will not be legible.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You bid me write no more than a <i>scrawl</i> to
you.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrawl"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
scrawls; a hasty, awkward writer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scraw"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Scrannel</u>.]
<def>Meager; thin; rawboned; bony; scranny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scray</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. W.
<i>ysgr&auml;en</i>, <i>ysgr&auml;ell</i>, a sea swallow, Armor.
<i>skrav</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tern; the sea swallow.</def>
[Prov. Eng.] [Written also <i>scraye</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Scre"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>screare</i> to
hawk, spit out.] <def>Capable of being spit out.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Screak</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Screaked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Screaking</u>.] [Cf. Icel. <i>skr&aelig;kja</i> to screech. Cf.
<u>Creak</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, <u>Screech</u>.] <def>To utter
suddenly a sharp, shrill sound; to screech; to creak, as a door or
wheel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Screak</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A creaking; a screech; a
shriek.</def> <i>Bp. Bull.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scream</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Screamed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Screaming</u>.] [Icel. <i>skr&aelig;ma</i> to scare, terrify; akin
to Sw. <i>skr&auml;ma</i>, Dan. <i>skr&aelig;mme</i>. Cf.
<u>Screech</u>.] <def>To cry out with a shrill voice; to utter a
sudden, sharp outcry, or shrill, loud cry, as in fright or extreme
pain; to shriek; to screech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I heard the owl <i>scream</i> and the crickets
cry.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>scream</i> thyself as none e'er <i>screamed</i>
before.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scream</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sharp, shrill cry,
uttered suddenly, as in terror or in pain; a shriek; a screech.</def>
"<i>Screams</i> of horror." <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scream"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of three species of South American birds constituting the
family <i>Anhimid&aelig;</i>, and the suborder <i>Palamede&aelig;</i>.
They have two spines on each wing, and the head is either crested or
horned. They are easily tamed, and then serve as guardians for other
poultry. The crested screamers, or chajas, belong to the genus
<i>Chauna</i>. The horned screamer, or kamichi, is <i>Palamedea
cornuta</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scream"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Uttering screams; shrieking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the nature of a scream; like a
scream; shrill; sharp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fearful matrons raise a <i>screaming</i>
cry.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scree</hw> (skr&emacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pebble; a
stone; also, a heap of stones or rocky d&eacute;bris.</def> [Prov.
Eng.] <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Screech</hw> (skr&emacr;ch), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> <u>Screeched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Screeching</u>.] [Also formerly, <i>scritch</i>,
OE. <i>skriken</i>, <i>skrichen</i>, <i>schriken</i>, of Scand.
origin; cf. Icel. <i>skr&aelig;kja</i> to shriek, to screech,
<i>skr&imacr;kja</i> to titter, Sw. <i>skrika</i> to shriek, Dan.
<i>skrige</i>; also Gael. <i>sgreach</i>, <i>sgreuch</i>, W.
<i>ysgrechio</i>, Skr. <i>kharj</i> to creak. Cf. <u>Shriek</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>, <u>Scream</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>To
utter a harsh, shrill cry; to make a sharp outcry, as in terror or
acute pain; to scream; to shriek.</def> "The screech owl,
<i>screeching</i> loud." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Screech</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A harsh, shrill cry, as
of one in acute pain or in fright; a shriek; a scream.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Screech bird</b></col>, or <col><b>Screech thrush</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the fieldfare; -- so called from its harsh
cry before rain.</cd> -- <col><b>Screech rain</b></col>.<cd></cd> --
<col><b>Screech hawk</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the European
goatsucker; -- so called from its note.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] --
<col><b>Screech owl</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A small American owl (<i>Scops asio</i>), either gray or reddish
in color</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The European barn owl. The name
is applied also to other species.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Screech"ers</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The picarian birds, as distinguished from the
singing birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Screech"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a screech;
shrill and harsh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Screed</hw> (skr&emacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E., a
shred, the border of a cap. See <u>Shred</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A strip of plaster of the
thickness proposed for the coat, applied to the wall at intervals of
four or five feet, as a guide.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A wooden
straightedge used to lay across the plaster screed, as a limit for the
thickness of the coat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fragment; a portion; a shred.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Screed</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Screed</u>. For
sense 2 cf. also Gael. <i>sgread</i> an outcry.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A breach or rent; a breaking forth into a loud, shrill sound; as,
martial <i>screeds</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An harangue; a long tirade on any
subject.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The old carl gae them a <i>screed</i> of doctrine; ye
might have heard him a mile down the wind.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Screen</hw> (skr&emacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>scren</i>, OF. <i>escrein</i>, <i>escran</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;cran</i>, of uncertain origin; cf. G. <i>schirm</i> a
screen, OHG. <i>scirm</i>, <i>scerm</i> a protection, shield, or G.
<i>schragen</i> a trestle, a stack of wood, or G. <i>schranne</i> a
railing.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anything that separates or cuts off
inconvenience, injury, or danger; that which shelters or conceals from
view; a shield or protection; as, a fire <i>screen</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your leavy <i>screens</i> throw down.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some ambitious men seem as <i>screens</i> to princes in
matters of danger and envy.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A dwarf wall or partition
carried up to a certain height for separation and protection, as in a
church, to separate the aisle from the choir, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A surface, as that afforded by a curtain,
sheet, wall, etc., upon which an image, as a picture, is thrown by a
magic lantern, solar microscope, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A long, coarse riddle or sieve, sometimes a
revolving perforated cylinder, used to separate the coarser from the
finer parts, as of coal, sand, gravel, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Screen</hw> (skr&emacr;n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> <u>Screened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Screening</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To provide
with a shelter or means of concealment; to separate or cut off from
inconvenience, injury, or danger; to shelter; to protect; to protect
by hiding; to conceal; as, fruits <i>screened</i> from cold winds by a
forest or hill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They were encouraged and <i>screened</i> by some who
were in high commands.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pass, as coal, gravel, ashes, etc.,
through a screen in order to separate the coarse from the fine, or the
worthless from the valuable; to sift.</def></p>

<p><hw>Screen"ings</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>The refuse
left after screening sand, coal, ashes, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Screw</hw> (skr&udd;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>scrue</i>,
OF. <i>escroue</i>, <i>escroe</i>, female screw, F.
<i>&eacute;crou</i>, L. <i>scrobis</i> a ditch, trench, in LL., the
hole made by swine in rooting; cf. D. <i>schroef</i> a screw, G.
<i>schraube</i>, Icel. <i>skr&umacr;fa</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
cylinder, or a cylindrical perforation, having a continuous rib,
called the <i>thread</i>, winding round it spirally at a constant
inclination, so as to leave a continuous spiral groove between one
turn and the next, -- used chiefly for producing, when revolved,
motion or pressure in the direction of its axis, by the sliding of the
threads of the cylinder in the grooves between the threads of the
perforation adapted to it, the former being distinguished as the
<i>external</i>, or <i>male screw</i>, or, more usually the
<i>screw</i>; the latter as the <i>internal</i>, or <i>female
screw</i>, or, more usually, the <i>nut</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The screw, as a mechanical power, is a modification of the
inclined plane, and may be regarded as a right-angled triangle wrapped
round a cylinder, the hypotenuse of the marking the spiral thread of
the screw, its base equaling the circumference of the cylinder, and
its height the <i>pitch</i> of the thread.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, a kind of nail with a spiral
thread and a head with a nick to receive the end of the screw-driver.
Screws are much used to hold together pieces of wood or to fasten
something; -- called also <i>wood screws</i>, and <i>screw nails</i>.
See also <i>Screw bolt</i>, below.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything shaped or acting like a screw;
esp., a form of wheel for propelling steam vessels. It is placed at
the stern, and furnished with blades having helicoidal surfaces to act
against the water in the manner of a screw. See <i>Screw
propeller</i>, below.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A steam vesel propelled by a screw instead
of wheels; a screw steamer; a propeller.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An extortioner; a sharp bargainer; a
skinflint; a niggard.</def> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An instructor who examines with great or
unnecessary severity; also, a searching or strict examination of a
student by an instructor.</def> [Cant, American Colleges]</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A small packet of tobacco.</def> [Slang]
<i>Mayhew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>An unsound or worn-out horse, useful as a
hack, and commonly of good appearance.</def> <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A straight line in space
with which a definite linear magnitude termed the <i>pitch</i> is
associated (cf. 5th <u>Pitch</u>, 10 <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>). It is used
to express the displacement of a rigid body, which may always be made
to consist of a rotation about an axis combined with a translation
parallel to that axis.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An amphipod
crustacean; as, the skeleton <i>screw</i> (<i>Caprella</i>). See
<i>Sand screw</i>, under <u>Sand</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Archimedes screw</b></col>, <col><b>Compound
screw</b></col>, <col><b>Foot screw</b></col>, etc. <cd>See under
<u>Archimedes</u>, <u>Compound</u>, <u>Foot</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>A screw loose</b></col>, <cd>something out of order, so that
work is not done smoothly; as, there is <i>a screw loose</i>
somewhere.</cd> <i>H. Martineau.</i> -- <col><b>Endless, or
perpetual,</b></col> <col><b>screw</b></col>, <cd>a screw used to give
motion to a toothed wheel by the action of its threads between the
teeth of the wheel; -- called also a <i>worm</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Lag
screw</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Lag</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Micrometer
screw</b></col>, <cd>a screw with fine threads, used for the
measurement of very small spaces.</cd> -- <col><b>Right and left
screw</b></col>, <cd>a screw having threads upon the opposite ends
which wind in opposite directions.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw
alley</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Shaft alley</u>, under <u>Shaft</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Screw bean</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The curious spirally coiled pod of a leguminous tree (<i>Prosopis
pubescens</i>) growing from Texas to California. It is used for
fodder, and ground into meal by the Indians.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>The tree itself. Its heavy hard wood is used for fuel, for
fencing, and for railroad ties.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw bolt</b></col>,
<cd>a bolt having a screw thread on its shank, in distinction from a
<i>key bolt</i>. See 1st <u>Bolt</u>, 3.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw
box</b></col>, <cd>a device, resembling a die, for cutting the thread
on a wooden screw.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw dock</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Dock</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw engine</b></col>, <cd>a marine
engine for driving a screw propeller.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw
gear</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Spiral gear</i>, under <u>Spiral</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Screw jack</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Jackscrew</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Screw key</b></col>, <cd>a wrench for turning a screw or nut;
a spanner wrench.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw machine</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>One of a series of machines employed in the
manufacture of wood screws.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A machine
tool resembling a lathe, having a number of cutting tools that can be
caused to act on the work successively, for making screws and other
turned pieces from metal rods.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw pine</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any plant of the endogenous genus <i>Pandanus</i>,
of which there are about fifty species, natives of tropical lands from
Africa to Polynesia; -- named from the spiral arrangement of the
pineapple-like leaves.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw plate</b></col>, <cd>a
device for cutting threads on small screws, consisting of a thin steel
plate having a series of perforations with internal screws forming
dies.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw press</b></col>, <cd>a press in which
pressure is exerted by means of a screw.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw
propeller</b></col>, <cd>a screw or spiral bladed wheel, used in the
propulsion of steam vessels; also, a steam vessel propelled by a
screw.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a long, slender, spiral gastropod shell, especially of the genus
Turritella and allied genera. See <u>Turritella</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Screw steamer</b></col>, <cd>a steamship propelled by a
screw.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw thread</b></col>, <cd>the spiral rib
which forms a screw.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw stone</b></col>
<i>(Paleon.)</i>, <cd>the fossil stem of an encrinite.</cd> --
<col><b>Screw tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any plant of the genus
<i>Helicteres</i>, consisting of about thirty species of tropical
shrubs, with simple leaves and spirally twisted, five-celled capsules;
-- also called <i>twisted-horn</i>, and <i>twisty</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Screw valve</b></col>, <cd>a stop valve which is opened or
closed by a screw.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw worm</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the larva of an American fly (<i>Compsomyia
macellaria</i>), allied to the blowflies, which sometimes deposits its
eggs in the nostrils, or about wounds, in man and other animals, with
fatal results.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw wrench</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A wrench for turning a screw.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A wrench with an adjustable jaw that is moved
by a screw.</cd> -- <col><b>To put the</b></col> <col><b>screw, or
screws</b></col>, <col><b>on</b></col>, <cd>to use pressure upon, as
for the purpose of extortion; to coerce.</cd> -- <col><b>To put under
the</b></col> <col><b>screw or screws</b></col>, <cd>to subject to
pressure; to force.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood screw</b></col>, <cd>a metal
screw with a sharp thread of coarse pitch, adapted to holding fast in
wood. See <i>Illust.</i> of <i>Wood screw</i>, under
<u>Wood</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Screw</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Screwed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Screwing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To turn, as a screw; to
apply a screw to; to press, fasten, or make firm, by means of a screw
or screws; as, to <i>screw</i> a lock on a door; to <i>screw</i> a
press.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To force; to squeeze; to press, as by
screws.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But <i>screw</i> your courage to the sticking
place,<BR>
And we'll not fail.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence: To practice extortion upon; to
oppress by unreasonable or extortionate exactions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our country landlords, by unmeasurable <i>screwing</i>
and racking their tenants, have already reduced the miserable people
to a worse condition than the peasants in France.</blockquote>
<i>swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To twist; to distort; as, to <i>screw</i>
his visage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He screwed his face into a hardened smile.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To examine rigidly, as a student; to
subject to a severe examination.</def> [Cant, American Colleges]</p>

<p><col><b>To screw out</b></col>, <cd>to press out; to extort.</cd> -
- <col><b>To screw up</b></col>, <cd>to force; to bring by violent
pressure.</cd> <i>Howell.</i> -- <col><b>To screw in</b></col>, <cd>to
force in by turning or twisting.</cd> </p>

<p><hw>Screw</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
use violent mans in making exactions; to be oppressive or
exacting.</def> <i>Howitt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To turn one's self uneasily with a twisting
motion; as, he <i>screws</i> about in his chair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Screw"-cut`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adapted for
forming a screw by cutting; as, a <i>screw-cutting</i>
lathe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Screw"-driv`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tool for
turning screws so as to drive them into their place. It has a thin end
which enters the nick in the head of the screw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Screw"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, screws.</def></p>

<p><hw>Screw"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Screw</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Screwing machine</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Screw machine</i>,
under <u>Screw</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scrib"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Scribe</u>.]
<def>Capable of being written, or of being written upon.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Scri*ba"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Scribe</u>.] <def>Skillful in, or fond of, writing.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrib"bet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A painter's
pencil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrib"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Scrabble</u>.] <i>(Woolen Manuf.)</i> <def>To card coarsely; to run
through the scribbling machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrib"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scribbled</u> (-b'ld); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Scribbling</u> (-bl&ibreve;ng).] [From <u>Scribe</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To write hastily or carelessly, without regard
to correctness or elegance; as, to <i>scribble</i> a letter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fill or cover with careless or worthless
writing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrib"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To write without
care, elegance, or value; to scrawl.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If M&aelig;vius <i>scribble</i> in Apollo's
spite.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrib"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Hasty or careless
writing; a writing of little value; a scrawl; as, a hasty
<i>scribble</i>.</def> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither did I but vacant seasons spend<BR>
In this my <i>scribble</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrib"ble*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
scribble.</def> [R.] <i>Foster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrib"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
scribbles; a petty author; a writer of no reputation; a literary
hack.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>scribbler</i>, pinched with hunger, writes to
dine.</blockquote> <i>Granville.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrib"bler</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A scribbling
machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrib"bling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st
<u>Scribble</u>.] <def>The act or process of carding
coarsely.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scribbling machine</b></col>, <cd>the machine used for the
first carding of wool or other fiber; -- called also
<i>scribbler</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scrib"bling</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Writing hastily or
poorly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye newspaper witlings! ye pert <i>scribbling</i>
folks!</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrib"bling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of writing
hastily or idly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrib"bling*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
scribbling manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scribe</hw> (skr&imacr;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scriba</i>, fr. <i>scribere</i> to write; cf. Gr.
<grk>ska`rifos</grk> a splinter, pencil, style (for writing), E.
<i>scarify</i>. Cf. <u>Ascribe</u>, <u>Describe</u>, <u>Script</u>,
<u>Scrivener</u>, <u>Scrutoire</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who
writes; a draughtsman; a writer for another; especially, an offical or
public writer; an amanuensis or secretary; a notary; a
copyist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Jewish Hist.)</i> <def>A writer and doctor
of the law; one skilled in the law and traditions; one who read and
explained the law to the people.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1293 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Scribe</hw> (skr&imacr;b), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> <u>Scribed</u> (skr&imacr;bd);
<pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Scribing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To write, engrave, or mark upon; to inscribe.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>To cut (anything) in such a
way as to fit closely to a somewhat irregular surface, as a baseboard
to a floor which is out of level, a board to the curves of a molding,
or the like; -- so called because the workman marks, or
<i>scribes</i>, with the compasses the line that he afterwards
cuts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To score or mark with compasses or a
scribing iron.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scribing iron</b></col>, <cd>an iron-pointed instrument for
scribing, or marking, casks and logs.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scribe</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a
mark.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With the separated points of a pair of spring dividers
<i>scribe</i> around the edge of the templet.</blockquote> <i>A. M.
Mayer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrib"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sharp-pointed
tool, used by joiners for drawing lines on stuff; a marking
awl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrib"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The character and
opinions of a Jewish scribe in the time of Christ.</def> <i>F. W.
Robertson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A screed; a shred; a
fragment.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Scrig"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
wriggle.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scrim</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
kind of light cotton or linen fabric, often woven in openwork
patterns, -- used for curtains, etc,; -- called also <i>India
scrim</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Thin canvas glued on the inside
of panels to prevent shrinking, checking, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scri"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>escrimeur</i>.
See <u>Skirmish</u>.] <def>A fencing master.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrim"mage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of
<i>skirmish</i>. "Sore <i>scrymmishe</i>." <i>Ld. Berners.</i>]
[Written also <i>scrummage</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Formerly, a
skirmish; now, a general row or confused fight or struggle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Football)</i> <def>The struggle in the rush
lines after the ball is put in play.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrimp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scrimped</u> (?; 215); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Scrimping</u>.] [Cf. Dan. <i>skrumpe</i>, G.
<i>schrumpfen</i>, D. <i>krimpen</i>. Cf. <u>Shrimp</u>,
<u>Shrink</u>.] <def>To make too small or short; to limit or straiten;
to put on short allowance; to scant; to contract; to shorten; as, to
<i>scrimp</i> the pattern of a coat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrimp</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Short; scanty;
curtailed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrimp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pinching miser; a
niggard.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Scrimp"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Scrimp</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Scrimping bar</b></col>, <cd>a device used in connection
with a calico printing machine for stretching the fabric breadthwise
so that it may be smooth for printing.</cd> <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrimp"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a scrimping
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrimp"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
scrimp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrimp"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small
portion; a pittance; a little bit.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrim"shaw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To ornament,
as shells, ivory, etc., by engraving, and (usually) rubbing pigments
into the incised lines.</def> [Sailor's cant. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Scrim"shaw`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shell, a whale's
tooth, or the like, that is scrimshawed.</def> [Sailor's cant,
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Scrine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>scrinium</i> a
case for books, letters, etc.: cf. OF. <i>escrin</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;crin</i>. See <u>Shrine</u>.] <def>A chest, bookcase, or
other place, where writings or curiosities are deposited; a
shrine.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But laid them up in immortal
<i>scrine</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scringe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scringed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scringing</u> (?).] [Cf. <u>Cringe</u>.] <def>To cringe.</def>
[Prov. Eng. & Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Scrip</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>scrippe</i>,
probably of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. & OSw. <i>skreppa</i>, and also
LL. <i>scrippum</i>, OF. <i>esquerpe</i>, <i>escrepe</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;charpe</i> scarf. Cf. <u>Scrap</u>, <u>Scarf</u> a piece of
dress.] <def>A small bag; a wallet; a satchel.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And in requital ope his leathern
<i>scrip</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrip</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>script</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small writing, certificate, or schedule; a
piece of paper containing a writing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Call them generally, man by man, according to the
<i>scrip</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bills of exchange can not pay our debts abroad, till
<i>scrips</i> of paper can be made current coin.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A preliminary certificate of a subscription
to the capital of a bank, railroad, or other company, or for a share
of other joint property, or a loan, stating the amount of the
subscription and the date of the payment of the installments; as,
insurance <i>scrip</i>, consol <i>scrip</i>, etc. When all the
installments are paid, the scrip is exchanged for a bond share
certificate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Paper fractional currency.</def>
[Colloq.U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Scrip"page</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The contents
of a scrip, or wallet.</def> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Script</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>scrit</i>, L.
<i>scriptum</i> something written, fr. <i>scribere</i>,
<i>scriptum</i> to write: cf. OF. <i>escript</i>, <i>escrit</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;crit</i>. See <u>Scribe</u>, and cf. <u>Scrip</u> a
writing.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A writing; a written document.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>Type made in imitation of
handwriting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An original instrument or
document.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Written characters; style of
writing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrip*to"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scriptoria</b></plw> (#). [LL. See <u>Scriptory</u>.] <def>In
an abbey or monastery, the room set apart for writing or copying
manuscripts; in general, a room devoted to writing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Writing rooms, or <i>scriptoria</i>, where the chief
works of Latin literature . . . were copied and
illuminated.</blockquote> <i>J. R. Green.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrip"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scriptorius</i>, fr. <i>scribere</i>, <i>scriptum</i> to write.]
<def>Of or pertaining to writing; expressed in writing; used in
writing; as, <i>scriptory</i> wills; a <i>scriptory</i> reed.</def>
[R.] <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrip"tur*al</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Contained
in the Scriptures; according to the Scriptures, or sacred oracles;
biblical; as, a <i>scriptural</i> doctrine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrip"tur*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being scriptural; literal adherence to the
Scriptures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrip"tur*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
adheres literally to the Scriptures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrip"tur*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
scriptural manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrip"tur*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being scriptural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrip"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scriptura</i>, fr. <i>scribere</i>, <i>scriptum</i>, to write: cf.
OF. <i>escripture</i>, <i>escriture</i>, F. <i>&eacute;criture</i>.
See <u>Scribe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anything written; a
writing; a document; an inscription.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have put it in <i>scripture</i> and in
remembrance.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then the Lord of Manny read the <i>scripture</i> on the
tomb, the which was in Latin.</blockquote> <i>Ld. Berners.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The books of the Old and the New Testament,
or of either of them; the Bible; -- used by way of eminence or
distinction, and chiefly in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is not any action a man ought to do, or to
forbear, but the <i>Scripture</i> will give him a clear precept or
prohibition for it.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Compared with the knowledge which the <i>Scriptures</i>
contain, every other subject of human inquiry is vanity.</blockquote>
<i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A passage from the Bible; a text.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The devil can cite <i>Scripture</i> for his
purpose.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hanging by the twined thread of one doubtful
<i>Scripture</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrip*tu"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
Scripturist.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scrip"tur*ist</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
is strongly attached to, or versed in, the Scriptures, or who
endeavors to regulate his life by them.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Puritan was a <i>Scripturist</i>, -- a
<i>Scripturist</i> with all his heart, if as yet with imperfect
intelligence . . . he cherished the scheme of looking to the Word of
God as his sole and universal directory.</blockquote>
<i>Palfrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Script</u>.]
<def>Writing; document; scroll.</def> [Obs.] "Of every <i>scrit</i>
and bond." <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scritch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A screech.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Perhaps it is the owlet's <i>scritch</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrive"ner</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From older
<i>scrivein</i>, OF. <i>escrivain</i>, F. <i>&eacute;crivain</i>, LL.
<i>scribanus</i>, from L. <i>scribere</i> to write. See
<u>Scribe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A professional writer; one
whose occupation is to draw contracts or prepare writings.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The writer better <i>scrivener</i> than
clerk.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One whose business is to place money at
interest; a broker.</def> [Obs.] <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A writing master.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Scrivener's palsy</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Writer's cramp</i>,
under <u>Writer</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Scro*bic"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scrobicul&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Scrobiculate</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the smooth areas surrounding the
tubercles of a sea urchin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scro*bic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or surrounding,
scrobicul&aelig;; as, <i>scrobicular</i> tubercles.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scro*bic"u*late</hw> (?), <hw>Scro*bic"u*la`ted</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scrobiculus</i>, dim. of <i>scrobis</i> a
ditch or trench.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having numerous small, shallow
depressions or hollows; pitted.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scrod</hw> (?), <hw>Scrode</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A young codfish, especially when cut open on the back and
dressed.</def> [Written also <i>escrod</i>.] [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Scrod"dled ware`</hw> (?). <def>Mottled pottery made from
scraps of differently colored clays.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrof"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>scrofulae</i>,
fr. <i>scrofa</i> a breeding sow, because swine were supposed to be
subject to such a complaint, or by a fanciful comparison of the
glandular swellings to little pigs; perhaps akin to Gr. &?; an old
sow: cf. F. <i>scrofules</i>. Cf. <u>Scroyle</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A constitutional disease, generally hereditary, especially
manifested by chronic enlargement and cheesy degeneration of the
lymphatic glands, particularly those of the neck, and marked by a
tendency to the development of chronic intractable inflammations of
the skin, mucous membrane, bones, joints, and other parts, and by a
diminution in the power of resistance to disease or injury and the
capacity for recovery. Scrofula is now generally held to be
tuberculous in character, and may develop into general or local
tuberculosis (consumption).</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrof"u*lide</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Any affection of the skin dependent on scrofula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrof"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>scrofuleux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to scrofula, or
partaking of its nature; as, <i>scrofulous</i> tumors; a
<i>scrofulous</i> habit of body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Diseased or affected with
scrofula.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Scrofulous</i> persons can never be duly
nourished.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Scrof"u*lous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Scrof"u*lous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Scrog</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Scrag</u>, or
Gael. <i>sgrogag</i> anything shriveled, from <i>sgrog</i> to
compress, shrivel.] <def>A stunted shrub, bush, or branch.</def>
[Prov. Eng. & Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Scrog"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding in
scrog; also, twisted; stunted.</def> [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scroll</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A dim. of OE.
<i>scroue</i>, <i>scrowe</i> (whence E. <i>escrow</i>), OF.
<i>escroe</i>, <i>escroue</i>, F. <i>&eacute;crou</i> entry in the
jail book, LL. <i>scroa</i> scroll, probably of Teutonic origin; cf.
OD. <i>schroode</i> a strip, shred, slip of paper, akin to E.
<i>shred</i>. Cf. <u>Shred</u>, <u>Escrow</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A roll of paper or parchment; a writing formed into a roll; a
schedule; a list.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The heavens shall be rolled together as a
<i>scroll</i>.</blockquote> <i>Isa. xxxiv. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Here is the <i>scroll</i> of every man's
name.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An ornament formed of
undulations giving off spirals or sprays, usually suggestive of plant
form. Roman architectural ornament is largely of some scroll
pattern.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A mark or flourish added to a person's
signature, intended to represent a seal, and in some States allowed as
a substitute for a seal.</def> [U.S.] <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Same as <i>Skew surface</i>.
See under <u>Skew</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Linen scroll</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Linen</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Scroll chuck</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>,
<cd>an adjustable chuck, applicable to a lathe spindle, for centering
and holding work, in which the jaws are adjusted and tightened
simultaneously by turning a disk having in its face a spiral groove
which is entered by teeth on the backs of the jaws.</cd> --
<col><b>Scroll saw</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Saw</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scrolled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed like a
scroll; contained in a scroll; adorned with scrolls; as,
<i>scrolled</i> work.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scroph`u*la"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. So
called because it was reputed to be a remedy for <i>scrofula</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of coarse herbs having small flowers in
panicled cymes; figwort.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scroph`u*la`ri*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a very large natural order of
gamopetalous plants (<i>Scrophulariace&aelig;</i>, or
<i>Scrophularine&aelig;</i>), usually having irregular didynamous
flowers and a two-celled pod. The order includes the mullein,
foxglove, snapdragon, figwort, painted cup, yellow rattle, and some
exotic trees, as the <i>Paulownia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scro"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to the scrotum; as, <i>scrotal</i> hernia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scro"ti*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scrotum</i>
scrotum + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Purse-shaped; pouch-shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scro"to*cele</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Scrotum</i> +
Gr. <grk>kh`lh</grk> a tumor: cf. F. <i>scrotoc&egrave;le</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A rupture or hernia in the scrotum; scrotal
hernia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scro"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The bag or pouch which contains the testicles; the cod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrouge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>To crowd; to squeeze.</def> [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Scrow</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Escrow</u>,
<u>Scroll</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A scroll.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Palsgrave.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A clipping from skins; a currier's
cuttings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scroyle</hw> (skroil), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>escrouselle</i> a kind of vermin, <i>escrouelles</i>, pl.,
scrofula, F. <i>&eacute;crouelles</i>, fr. (assumed) LL.
<i>scrofellae</i> for L. <i>scrofulae</i>. See <u>Scrofula</u>, and
cf. <u>Cruels</u>.] <def>A mean fellow; a wretch.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrub</hw> (skr&ubreve;b), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> <u>Scrubbed</u> (skr&ubreve;bd);
<pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Scrubbing</u>.] [OE.
<i>scrobben</i>, probably of Dutch or Scand. origin; cf. Dan.
<i>skrubbe</i>, Sw. <i>skrubba</i>, D. <i>schrobben</i>, LG.
<i>schrubben</i>.] <def>To rub hard; to wash with rubbing; usually, to
rub with a wet brush, or with something coarse or rough, for the
purpose of cleaning or brightening; as, to <i>scrub</i> a floor, a
doorplate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrub</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To rub anything hard,
especially with a wet brush; to scour; hence, to be diligent and
penurious; as, to <i>scrub</i> hard for a living.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrub</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who labors hard and lives meanly; a mean fellow.</def> "A sorry
<i>scrub</i>." <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We should go there in as proper a manner as possible;
nor altogether like the <i>scrubs</i> about us.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something small and mean.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A worn-out brush.</def>
<i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A thicket or jungle, often specified by the
name of the prevailing plant; as, oak <i>scrub</i>, palmetto
<i>scrub</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Stock Breeding)</i> <def>One of the common
live stock of a region of no particular breed or not of pure breed,
esp. when inferior in size, etc.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Scrub bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an Australian
passerine bird of the family <i>Atrichornithid&aelig;</i>, as
<i>Atrichia clamosa</i>; -- called also <i>brush bird</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Scrub oak</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the popular name of
several dwarfish species of oak. The scrub oak of New England and the
Middle States is <i>Quercus ilicifolia</i>, a scraggy shrub; that of
the Southern States is a small tree (<i>Q. Catesb&aelig;i</i>); that
of the Rocky Mountain region is <i>Q. undulata</i>, var.
<i>Gambelii</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Scrub robin</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an Australian singing bird of the genus
<i>Drymodes</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scrub</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mean; dirty;
contemptible; scrubby.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How solitary, how <i>scrub</i>, does this town
look!</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No little <i>scrub</i> joint shall come on my
board.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Scrub game</b></col>, <cd>a game, as of ball, by
unpracticed players.</cd> -- <col><b>Scrub race</b></col>, <cd>a race
between scrubs, or between untrained animals or contestants.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scrub"bed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dwarfed or
stunted; scrubby.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrub"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, scrubs; esp., a brush used in
scrubbing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gas Manuf.)</i> <def>A gas washer. See under
<u>Gas</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrub"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A baseboard; a
mopboard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrub"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Scrubbier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Scrubbiest</u>.] <def>Of the nature of
scrub; small and mean; stunted in growth; as, a <i>scrubby</i>
cur.</def> "Dense, <i>scrubby</i> woods." <i>Duke of Argyll.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrub"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A species of
calciferous sandstone.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scruff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Scurf</u>.]
<def>Scurf.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scruff</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Scuff</u>.] <def>The
nape of the neck; the loose outside skin, as of the back of the
neck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrum"mage</hw> (?; 43), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scrimmage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrump"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nice;
particular; fastidious; excellent; fine.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Scrunch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. & v. i.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Scranch</u>, <u>Crunch</u>.] <def>To scranch; to crunch.</def>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scru"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>scrupulus</i> a
small sharp or pointed stone, the twenty-fourth part of an ounce, a
scruple, uneasiness, doubt, dim. of <i>scrupus</i> a rough or sharp
stone, anxiety, uneasiness; perh. akin to Gr. &?; the chippings of
stone, &?; a razor, Skr. <i>kshura</i>: cf. F. <i>scrupule</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A weight of twenty grains; the third part of a
dram.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a very small quantity; a
particle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will not bate thee a <i>scruple</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hesitation as to action from the difficulty
of determining what is right or expedient; unwillingness, doubt, or
hesitation proceeding from motives of conscience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was made miserable by the conflict between his
tastes and his <i>scruples</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To make scruple</b></col>, <cd>to hesitate from
conscientious motives; to scruple.</cd> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scru"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scrupled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scrupling</u> (?).] <def>To be reluctant or to hesitate, as regards
an action, on account of considerations of conscience or
expedience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are often over-precise, scrupling to say or do those
things which lawfully we may.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Men <i>scruple</i> at the lawfulness of a set form of
divine worship.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scru"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To regard with suspicion; to hesitate at; to question.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Others long before them . . . <i>scrupled</i> more the
books of heretics than of gentiles.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To excite scruples in; to cause to
scruple.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Letters which did still <i>scruple</i> many of
them.</blockquote> <i>E. Symmons.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scru"pler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
scruples.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scru"pu*list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
scrupler.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scru"pu*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To perplex
with scruples; to regard with scruples.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bp.
Montagu.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1294 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Scru`pu*los"i*ty</hw>
(skr&udd;`p&usl;*l&obreve;s"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>scrupulositas</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
scrupulous; doubt; doubtfulness respecting decision or action; caution
or tenderness from the fear of doing wrong or offending; nice regard
to exactness and propriety; precision.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The first sacrilege is looked on with horror; but when
they have made the breach, their <i>scrupulosity</i> soon
retires.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Careful, even to <i>scrupulosity</i>, . . . to keep
their Sabbath.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scru"pu*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scrupulosus</i>: cf. F. <i>scrupuleux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of scruples; inclined to scruple; nicely doubtful;
hesitating to determine or to act, from a fear of offending or of
doing wrong.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Abusing their liberty, to the offense of their weak
brethren which were <i>scrupulous</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Careful; cautious; exact; nice; as,
<i>scrupulous</i> abstinence from labor; <i>scrupulous</i> performance
of duties.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Given to making objections; captious.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Equality of two domestic powers<BR>
Breed <i>scrupulous</i> faction.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Liable to be doubted; doubtful; nice.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The justice of that cause ought to be evident; not
obscure, not <i>scrupulous</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Cautious; careful; conscientious; hesitating.</p>

<p> -- <wf>Scru"pu*lous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Scru"pu*lous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Scru"ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Discoverable by
scrutiny, inquiry, or critical examination.</def> [R.] <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scru*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scrutatio</i>.] <def>Search; scrutiny.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Scru*ta"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
scrutinizes; a close examiner or inquirer.</def> <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scru`ti*neer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A scrutinizer;
specifically, an examiner of votes, as at an election.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scru"ti*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Scrutinized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Scrutinizing</u> (?).] [From <u>Scrutiny</u>.] <def>To
examine closely; to inspect or observe with critical attention; to
regard narrowly; as, to <i>scrutinize</i> the measures of
administration; to <i>scrutinize</i> the conduct or motives of
individuals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose votes they were obliged to
<i>scrutinize</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those pronounced him youngest who <i>scrutinized</i>
his face the closest.</blockquote> <i>G. W. Cable.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scru"ti*nize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make
scrutiny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scru"ti*ni`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
scrutinizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scru"ti*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Closely
examining, or inquiring; careful; strict.</def> --
<wf>Scru"ti*nous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Scru"ti*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scrutinium</i>, fr. <i>scrutari</i> to search carefully,
originally, to search even to the rags, fr. <i>scruta</i> trash,
trumpery; perhaps akin to E. <i>shred</i>: cf. AS. <i>scrudnian</i> to
make scrutiny.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Close examination; minute
inspection; critical observation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They that have designed exactness and deep
<i>scrutiny</i> have taken some one part of nature.</blockquote>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thenceforth I thought thee worth my nearer view<BR>
And narrower <i>scrutiny</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anc. Church)</i> <def>An examination of
catechumens, in the last week of Lent, who were to receive baptism on
Easter Day.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Canon Law)</i> <def>A ticket, or little
paper billet, on which a vote is written.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Parliamentary Practice)</i> <def>An
examination by a committee of the votes given at an election, for the
purpose of correcting the poll.</def> <i>Brande & C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scru"ti*ny</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
scrutinize.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scru*toire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>escritoire</i>. See <u>Escritoire</u>.] <def>A escritoire; a
writing desk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scruze</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Excruciate</u>.] <def>To squeeze, compress, crush, or bruise.</def>
[Obs. or Low] <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scry</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To descry.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Scry</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>A flock of wild fowl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ascrie</i>, fr.
<i>ascrien</i> to cry out, fr. OF. <i>escrier</i>, F.
<i>s'&eacute;crier</i>. See <u>Ex</u>-, and <u>Cry</u>.] <def>A cry or
shout.</def> [Obs.] <i>Ld. Berners.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scud</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scudded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scudding</u>.] [Dan. <i>skyde</i> to shoot, shove, push, akin to
<i>skud</i> shot, gunshot, a shoot, young bough, and to E.
<i>shoot</i>. &radic;159. See <u>Shoot</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To move swiftly; especially, to move as if driven forward by
something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The first nautilus that <i>scudded</i> upon the glassy
surface of warm primeval oceans.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The wind was high; the vast white clouds <i>scudded</i>
over the blue heaven.</blockquote> <i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To be driven swiftly, or to
run, before a gale, with little or no sail spread.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scud</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pass over
quickly.</def> [R.] <i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scud</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of scudding; a driving along; a rushing with precipitation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Loose, vapory clouds driven swiftly by the
wind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Borne on the <i>scud</i> of the sea.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>scud</i> was flying fast above us, throwing a
veil over the moon.</blockquote> <i>Sir S. Baker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A slight, sudden shower.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small flight of
larks, or other birds, less than a flock.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any swimming amphipod
crustacean.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Storm scud</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Cloud</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scud"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Freq. of
<i>scud</i>: cf. <u>Scuttle</u> to hurry.] <def>To run hastily; to
hurry; to scuttle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scu"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scudi</b></plw> (#). [It., a crown, a dollar, a shield, fr. L.
<i>scutum a shield</i>. Cf. <u>Scute</u>.] <i>(Com.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A silver coin, and money of account, used in
Italy and Sicily, varying in value, in different parts, but worth
about 4 shillings sterling, or about 96 cents; also, a gold coin worth
about the same.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A gold coin of Rome,
worth 64 shillings 11 pence sterling, or about $ 15.70.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scuff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>schoft</i>
shoulder, Goth. <i>skuft</i> hair of the head. Cf. <u>Scruff</u>.]
<def>The back part of the neck; the scruff.</def> [Prov. Eng.] <i>Ld.
Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scuff</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scuffed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scuffing</u>.] [See <u>Scuffle</u>.] <def>To walk without lifting
the feet; to proceed with a scraping or dragging movement; to
shuffle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scuf"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scuffled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scuffling</u> (?).] [Freq. of <i>scuff</i>, v.i.; cf. Sw.
<i>skuffa</i> to push, shove, <i>skuff</i> a push, Dan. <i>skuffe</i>
a drawer, a shovel, and E. <i>shuffle</i>, <i>shove</i>. See
<u>Shove</u>, and cf. <u>Shuffle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
strive or struggle with a close grapple; to wrestle in a rough
fashion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to strive or contend tumultuously;
to struggle confusedly or at haphazard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A gallant man had rather fight to great disadvantage in
the field, in an orderly way, than <i>scuffle</i> with an
undisciplined rabble.</blockquote> <i>Eikon Basilike.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scuf"fle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
rough, haphazard struggle, or trial of strength; a disorderly
wrestling at close quarters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a confused contest; a tumultuous
struggle for superiority; a fight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dog leaps upon the serpent, and tears it to pieces;
but in the <i>scuffle</i> the cradle happened to be
overturned.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A child's pinafore or bib.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A garden hoe.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scuf"fler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who scuffles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An agricultural implement resembling a
scarifier, but usually lighter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scug</hw> (sk&ubreve;g), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan.
<i>skygge</i> to darken, a shade, SW. <i>skugga</i> to shade, a shade,
Icel. <i>skyggja</i> to shade, <i>skuggi</i> a shade.] <def>To
hide.</def> [Prov. Eng.] <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scug</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place of shelter; the
declivity of a hill.</def> [Prov. Eng.] <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sculk</hw> (sk&ubreve;lk), <hw>Sculk"er</hw> (-&etilde;r) }.
<def>See <u>Skulk</u>, <u>Skulker</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scull</hw> (sk&ubreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The skull.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scull</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>School</u>.]
<def>A shoal of fish.</def> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scull</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of uncertain origin; cf.
Icel. <i>skola</i> to wash.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A boat; a cockboat. See <u>Sculler</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of a pair of short oars worked by one
person.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A single oar used at the stern
in propelling a boat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common skua
gull.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scull</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sculled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sculling</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To impel (a boat) with a pair of
sculls, or with a single scull or oar worked over the stern obliquely
from side to side.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scull</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To impel a boat with a
scull or sculls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scull"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A boat rowed by one man with two sculls, or short oars.</def>
[R.] <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who sculls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scul"ler*y</hw> (sk&ubreve;l"l&etilde;r*&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Sculleries</b></plw> (-
&ibreve;z). [Probably originally, a place for washing dishes, and for
<i>swillery</i>, fr. OE. <i>swilen</i> to wash, AS. <i>swilian</i>
(see <u>Swill</u> to wash, to drink), but influenced either by Icel.
<i>skola</i>, <i>skyla</i>, Dan. <i>skylle</i>, or by OF.
<i>escuelier</i> a place for keeping dishes, fr. <i>escuele</i> a
dish, F. <i>&eacute;cuelle</i>, fr. L. <i>scutella</i> a salver,
waiter (cf. <u>Scuttle</u> a basket); or perhaps the English word is
immediately from the OF. <i>escuelier</i>; cf. OE. <i>squyllare</i> a
dishwasher.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place where dishes, kettles,
and culinary utensils, are cleaned and kept; also, a room attached to
the kitchen, where the coarse work is done; a back kitchen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, refuse; fifth; offal.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scul"lion</hw> (sk&ubreve;l"y&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A scallion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scul"lion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>escouillon</i>
(Cot.) a dishclout, apparently for <i>escouvillon</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;couvillon</i> a swab; cf. also OF. <i>souillon</i> a
servant employed for base offices. Cf. <u>Scovel</u>.] <def>A servant
who cleans pots and kettles, and does other menial services in the
kitchen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The meanest <i>scullion</i> that followed his
camp.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scul"lion*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a scullion;
base.</def> [Obs.] <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sculp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Sculptor</u>.]
<def>To sculpture; to carve; to engrave.</def> [Obs. or Humorous.]
<i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scul"pin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>skulpin</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any one
of numerous species of marine cottoid fishes of the genus
<i>Cottus</i>, or <i>Acanthocottus</i>, having a large head armed with
several sharp spines, and a broad mouth. They are generally mottled
with yellow, brown, and black. Several species are found on the
Atlantic coasts of Europe and America.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A large cottoid market fish of California
(<i>Scorp&aelig;nichthys marmoratus</i>); -- called also
<i>bighead</i>, <i>cabezon</i>, <i>scorpion</i>, <i>salpa</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The dragonet, or yellow sculpin, of Europe
(<i>Callionymus lyra</i>).</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is also applied to other related California
species.</p>

<p><col><b>Deep-water sculpin</b></col>, <cd>the sea raven.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sculp"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sculptilis</i>. See <i>Sculptor</i>.] <def>Formed by carving;
graven; as, <i>sculptile</i> images.</def> [Obs.] <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sculp"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sculptor</i>,
fr. <i>sculpere</i>, <i>sculptum</i>, to carve; cf. <i>scalpere</i> to
cut, carve, scratch, and Gr. &?; to carve: cf. F. <i>sculpteur</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who sculptures; one whose occupation is to
carve statues, or works of sculpture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, an artist who designs works of
sculpture, his first studies and his finished model being usually in a
plastic material, from which model the marble is cut, or the bronze is
cast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sculp"tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
sculptor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sculp"tur*al</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to sculpture.</def> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sculp"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sculptura</i>: cf. F. <i>sculpture</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The art of carving, cutting, or hewing wood, stone, metal, etc.,
into statues, ornaments, etc., or into figures, as of men, or other
things; hence, the art of producing figures and groups, whether in
plastic or hard materials.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Carved work modeled of, or cut upon, wood,
stone, metal, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There, too, in living <i>sculpture</i>, might be
seen<BR>
The mad affection of the Cretan queen.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sculp"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sculptured</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sculpturing</u>.] <def>To form with the chisel on, in,
or from, wood, stone, or metal; to carve; to engrave.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sculptured tortoise</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
common North American wood tortoise (<i>Glyptemys insculpta</i>). The
shell is marked with strong grooving and ridges which resemble
sculptured figures.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sculp`tur*esque"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>After the
manner of sculpture; resembling, or relating to, sculpture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scum</hw> (sk&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of Scand.
origin; cf. Dan. & Sw. <i>skum</i>, Icel. <i>sk&umacr;m</i>, LG.
<i>schum</i>, D. <i>schuim</i>, OHG. <i>sc&umacr;m</i>, G.
<i>schaum</i>; probably from a root meaning, to cover. &radic;158. Cf.
<u>Hide</u> skin, <u>Meerschaum</u>, <u>Skim</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>, <u>Sky</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The extraneous matter or impurities which
rise to the surface of liquids in boiling or fermentation, or which
form on the surface by other means; also, the scoria of metals in a
molten state; dross.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some to remove the <i>scum</i> as it did
rise.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>refuse; recrement; anything vile or
worthless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The great and innocent are insulted by the <i>scum</i>
and refuse of the people.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scum</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scummed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scumming</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take the scum from;
to clear off the impure matter from the surface of; to skim.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You that <i>scum</i> the molten lead.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden & Lee.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sweep or range over the surface
of.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Wandering up and down without certain seat, they lived
by <i>scumming</i> those seas and shores as pirates.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scum</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To form a scum; to
become covered with scum. Also used figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Life, and the interest of life, have stagnated and
<i>scummed</i> over.</blockquote> <i>A. K. H. Boyd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scum"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Discumber</u>.] <def>To void excrement.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scum"ber</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dung.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scum"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scumbled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scumbling</u> (?).] [Freq. of <i>scum</i>. &radic; 158.] <i>(Fine
Arts)</i> <def>To cover lighty, as a painting, or a drawing, with a
thin wash of opaque color, or with color-crayon dust rubbed on with
the stump, or to make any similar additions to the work, so as to
produce a softened effect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scum"bling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Fine Arts)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A mode of obtaining a
softened effect, in painting and drawing, by the application of a thin
layer of opaque color to the surface of a painting, or part of the
surface, which is too bright in color, or which requires
harmonizing.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In crayon drawing, the use
of the stump.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The color so laid on. Also used
figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shining above the brown <i>scumbling</i> of leafless
orchards.</blockquote> <i>L. Wallace.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scum"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
scumber.</def> [Obs.] <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scum"mer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Excrement;
scumber.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scum"mer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>escumoire</i>,
F. <i>&eacute;cumoire</i>. See <u>Scum</u>, and cf. <u>Skimmer</u>.]
<def>An instrument for taking off scum; a skimmer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scum"ming</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The act of taking off scum.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>That
which is scummed off; skimmings; scum; -- used chiefly in the
plural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scum"my</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered with scum;
of the nature of scum.</def> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scun"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Shun</u>.]
<def>To cause to loathe, or feel disgust at.</def> [Scot. & Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scun"ner</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To have a feeling
of loathing or disgust; hence, to have dislike, prejudice, or
reluctance.</def> [Scot. & Prov. Eng.] <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scun"ner</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A feeling of disgust
or loathing; a strong prejudice; abhorrence; as, to take a
<i>scunner</i> against some one.</def> [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scup</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>schop</i>.] <def>A
swing.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Scup</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. fr. American Indian
<i>mishc&ugrave;p</i>, fr. <i>mishe-kuppi</i> large, thick-scaled.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A marine sparoid food fish (<i>Stenotomus
chrysops</i>, or <i>S. argyrops</i>), common on the Atlantic coast of
the United States. It appears bright silvery when swimming in the
daytime, but shows broad blackish transverse bands at night and when
dead. Called also <i>porgee</i>, <i>paugy</i>, <i>porgy</i>,
<i>scuppaug</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The same names are also applied to a closely allied Southern
species (<i>Stenotomus Gardeni</i>).</p>

<p><hw>Scup"paug</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. fr. Amer.
Indian <i>mishcuppauog</i>, pl. of <i>mishcup</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See 2d <u>Scup</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scup"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>escopir</i>,
<i>escupir</i>, to spit, perhaps for <i>escospir</i>, L. <i>ex +
conspuere</i> to spit upon; pref. <i>con-</i> + <i>spuere</i> to spit.
Cf. <u>Spit</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An opening
cut through the waterway and bulwarks of a ship, so that water falling
on deck may flow overboard; -- called also <i>scupper
hole</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1295 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><col><b>Scupper hose</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a pipe of
leather, canvas, etc., attached to the mouth of the scuppers, on the
outside of a vessel, to prevent the water from entering.</cd>
<i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>Scupper nail</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a
nail with a very broad head, for securing the edge of the hose to the
scupper.</cd> -- <col><b>Scupper plug</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a
plug to stop a scupper.</cd> <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scup"per*nong</hw> (sk&ubreve;p"p&etilde;r*n&obreve;ng),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably of American Indian origin.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An American grape, a form of <i>Vitis vulpina</i>,
found in the Southern Atlantic States, and often cultivated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scur</hw> (sk&ucirc;r), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Scour</u> to run.] <def>To move hastily; to scour.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.] <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scurf</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>scurf</i>,
<i>sceorf</i>, or from Scand.; cf. Sw. <i>skorf</i>, Dan.
<i>skurv</i>, Icel. <i>skurfur</i>, D. <i>schurft</i>, G.
<i>schorf</i>; all akin to AS. <i>scurf</i>, and to AS.
<i>sceorfan</i> to scrape, to gnaw, G. <i>sch&uuml;rfen</i> to scrape,
and probably also to E. <i>scrape</i>. Cf. <u>Scurvy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Thin dry scales or scabs upon the body;
especially, thin scales exfoliated from the cuticle, particularly of
the scalp; dandruff.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, the foul remains of anything
adherent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>scurf</i> is worn away of each committed
crime.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything like flakes or scales adhering to
a surface.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There stood a hill not far, whose grisly top<BR>
Belched fire and rolling smoke; the rest entire<BR>
Shone with a glossy <i>scurf</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Minute membranous scales on
the surface of some leaves, as in the goosefoot.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scurff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The bull
trout.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scurf"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Quality or state of being scurfy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Scurf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scurf"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Scurfier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Scurfiest</u>.] <def>Having or producing
scurf; covered with scurf; resembling scurf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scur"ri*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
scurries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scur"rile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scurrilis</i>,
fr. <i>scurra</i> a *buffoon, jester: cf. F. <i>scurrile</i>.]
<def>Such as befits a buffoon or vulgar jester; grossly opprobrious or
loudly jocose in language; scurrilous; as, <i>scurrile</i>
taunts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wretched affectation of <i>scurrile</i>
laughter.</blockquote> <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>scurrile</i> or obscene jest will better advance
you at the court of Charles than your father's ancient
name.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scur*ril"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scurrilitas</i>: cf. F. <i>scurrilit&eacute;</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being scurrile or
scurrilous; mean, vile, or obscene jocularity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your reasons . . . have been sharp and sententious,
pleasant without <i>scurrility</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is scurrile or scurrilous; gross
or obscene language; low buffoonery; vulgar abuse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Interrupting prayers and sermons with clamor and
<i>scurrility</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Scurrilousness; abuse; insolence; vulgarity;
indecency.</p>

<p><hw>Scur"ril*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<i>Scurrile</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Using the low and indecent
language of the meaner sort of people, or such as only the license of
buffoons can warrant; as, a <i>scurrilous</i> fellow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Containing low indecency or abuse; mean;
foul; vile; obscenely jocular; as, <i>scurrilous</i>
language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The absurd and <i>scurrilous</i> sermon which had very
unwisely been honored with impeachment.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Opprobrious; abusive; reproachful; insulting;
insolent; offensive; gross; vile; vulgar; low; foul; foul-mouthed;
indecent; scurrile; mean.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Scur"ril*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Scur"ril*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Scur"rit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The lesser tern (<i>Sterna minuta</i>).</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scur"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Scur</u>,
<u>Skirr</u>.] <def>To hasten away or along; to move rapidly; to
hurry; as, the rabbit <i>scurried</i> away.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scur"ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of scurrying;
hurried movement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scur"vi*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a scurvy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scur"vi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being scurvy; vileness; meanness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scur"vy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Scurvier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Scurviest</u>.] [From <u>Scurf</u>; cf.
<u>Scurvy</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Covered
or affected with scurf or scabs; scabby; scurfy; specifically,
diseased with the scurvy.</def> "Whatsoever man . . . be <i>scurvy</i>
or scabbed." <i>Lev. xxi. 18, 20.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Vile; mean; low; vulgar;
contemptible.</def> "A <i>scurvy</i> trick." <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>scurvy</i> custom of taking
tobacco.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] spoke spoke such <i>scurvy</i> and provoking
terms.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scur"vy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably from the same
source as <i>scorbute</i>, but influenced by <i>scurf</i>,
<i>scurfy</i>, <i>scurvy</i>, adj.; cf. D. <i>scheurbuik</i> scurvy,
G. <i>scharbock</i>, LL. <i>scorbutus</i>. Cf. <u>Scorbute</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease characterized by livid spots, especially
about the thighs and legs, due to extravasation of blood, and by
spongy gums, and bleeding from almost all the mucous membranes. It is
accompanied by paleness, languor, depression, and general debility. It
is occasioned by confinement, innutritious food, and hard labor, but
especially by lack of fresh vegetable food, or confinement for a long
time to a limited range of food, which is incapable of repairing the
waste of the system. It was formerly prevalent among sailors and
soldiers.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scurvy grass</b></col> [<i>Scurvy</i> + <i>grass</i>; or
cf. Icel. <i>skarfa</i>k&amacr;l <i>scurvy grass</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>A kind of cress (<i>Cochlearia officinalis</i>) growing along the
seacoast of Northern Europe and in arctic regions. It is a remedy for
the scurvy, and has proved a valuable food to arctic explorers. The
name is given also to other allied species of plants.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scut</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>skott</i> a
fox's tail. &radic; 159.] [Obs.] <def>The tail of a hare, or of a
deer, or other animal whose tail is short, esp. when carried erect;
hence, sometimes, the animal itself.</def> "He ran like a
<i>scut</i>." <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How the Indian hare came to have a long tail, whereas
that part in others attains no higher than a <i>scut</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My doe with the black <i>scut</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Scu"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scutum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scu"tage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>scutagium</i>, from L. <i>scutum</i> a shield.] <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i>
<def>Shield money; commutation of service for a sum of money. See
<u>Escuage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scu"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
a shield.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A good example of these <i>scutal</i>
monstrosities.</blockquote> <i>Cussans.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scu"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scutatus</i>
armed with a shield, from <i>scutum</i> a shield.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Buckler-shaped; round or nearly round.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Protected or covered by
bony or horny plates, or large scales.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scutch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scutched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scutching</u>.] [See <u>Scotch</u> to cut slightly.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To beat or whip; to drub.</def> [Old or Prov.
Eng. & Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To separate the woody fiber from (flax,
hemp, etc.) by beating; to swingle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To loosen and dress the fiber of (cotton or
silk) by beating; to free (fibrous substances) from dust by beating
and blowing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scutching machine</b></col>, <cd>a machine used to scutch
cotton, silk, or flax; -- called also <i>batting machine</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scutch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
wooden instrument used in scutching flax and hemp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The woody fiber of flax; the refuse of
scutched flax.</def> "The smoke of the burning <i>scutch</i>."
<i>Cuthbert Bede.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scutch"eon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Aphetic form of
<i>escutcheon</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An escutcheon; an
emblazoned shield.</def> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The corpse lay in state, with all the pomp of
<i>scutcheons</i>, wax lights, black hangings, and mutes.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small plate of metal, as the shield
around a keyhole. See <u>Escutcheon</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scutch"eoned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Emblazoned on
or as a shield.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Scutcheoned</i> panes in cloisters old.</blockquote>
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scutch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who scutches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An implement or machine for scutching hemp,
flax, or cotton, etc.; a scutch; a scutching machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scutch" grass`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of pasture
grass (<i>Cynodon Dactylon</i>). See <u>Bermuda grass</u>: also
<i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scute</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>scutum</i> a
shield, a buckler. See <u>Scudo</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small
shield.</def> [Obs.] <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An old French gold coin of the value of 3s.
4d. sterling, or about 80 cents.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bony scale of a
reptile or fish; a large horny scale on the leg of a bird, or on the
belly of a snake.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scu*tel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scutellum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scu*tel"la</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scutell&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., fem. dim. of L.
<i>scutum</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Scutellum</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scu"tel*late</hw> (?), <hw>Scu"tel*la`ted</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scutella</i> a dish, salver. Cf.
<u>Scuttle</u> a basket.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Formed like a plate or salver; composed of platelike surfaces;
as, the <i>scutellated</i> bone of a sturgeon.</def>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [See <u>Scutellum</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having the tarsi covered with broad transverse scales, or
scutella; -- said of certain birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scu`tel*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The entire covering, or mode of arrangement,
of scales, as on the legs and feet of a bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scu*tel"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scutella</i> a dish + <i>-form</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Scutellate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the form of a
scutellum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scu*tel`li*plan"tar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scutellus</i> a shield + <i>planta</i> foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having broad scutella on the front, and small scales on the
posterior side, of the tarsus; -- said of certain birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scu*tel"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scutella</b></plw> (#). [NL., neut. dim. of L. <i>scutum</i> a
shield.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A rounded apothecium
having an elevated rim formed of the proper thallus, the
fructification of certain lichens.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
third of the four pieces forming the upper part of a thoracic segment
of an insect. It follows the scutum, and is followed by the small
postscutellum; a scutella. See <u>Thorax</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the transverse scales on the tarsi and
toes of birds; a scutella.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scu"ti*branch</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Scutibranchiate.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Scutibranchiata.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scu`ti*bran"chi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Scutibranchiata</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scu`ti*bran"chi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Scutibranchiata.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scu`ti*bran`chi*a"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Scutum</u>, and <u>Branchia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
order of gastropod Mollusca having a heart with two auricles and one
ventricle. The shell may be either spiral or shieldlike.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is now usually regarded as including only the
Rhipidoglossa and the Docoglossa. When originally established, it
included a heterogenous group of mollusks having shieldlike shells,
such as Haliotis, Fissurella, Carinaria, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Scu`ti*bran"chi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the gills protected by a shieldlike
shell; of or pertaining to the Scutibranchiata.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Scutibranchiata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scu*tif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scutum</i>
shield + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Carrying a shield or buckler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scu"ti*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scutum</i>
shield + <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>scutiforme</i>.] <def>Shield-shaped;
scutate.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scu"ti*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>scutum</i> shield + <i>gerere</i> to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of chilopod myriapods of the genus <i>Scutigera</i>.
They sometimes enter buildings and prey upon insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scu"ti*ped</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scutum</i> a
shield + <i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, a foot: cf. F.
<i>scutip&egrave;de</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the anterior
surface of the tarsus covered with scutella, or transverse scales, in
the form of incomplete bands terminating at a groove on each side; --
said of certain birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scut"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>scutel</i> a
dish, platter; cf. Icel. <i>skutill</i>; both fr. L. <i>scutella</i>,
dim. of <i>scutra</i>, <i>scuta</i>, a dish or platter; cf.
<i>scutum</i> a shield. Cf. <u>Skillet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
broad, shallow basket.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wide-mouthed vessel for holding coal: a
coal hod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scut"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [For <i>scuddle</i>, fr.
<i>scud</i>.] <def>To run with affected precipitation; to hurry; to
bustle; to scuddle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With the first dawn of day, old Janet was
<i>scuttling</i> about the house to wake the baron.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scut"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A quick pace; a short
run.</def> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scut"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>escoutille</i>,
F. <i>&eacute;scoutille</i>, cf. Sp. <i>escotilla</i>; probably akin
to Sp. <i>escotar</i> to cut a thing so as to make it fit, to hollow a
garment about the neck, perhaps originally, to cut a bosom-shaped
piece out, and of Teutonic origin; cf. D. <i>schoot</i> lap, bosom, G.
<i>schoss</i>, Goth. <i>skauts</i> the hem of a garnment. Cf.
<u>Sheet</u> an expanse.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small opening in
an outside wall or covering, furnished with a lid.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A small opening or hatchway in
the deck of a ship, large enough to admit a man, and with a lid for
covering it, also, a like hole in the side or bottom of a ship.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An opening in the roof of a house, with a
lid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The lid or door which covers or closes an
opening in a roof, wall, or the like.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scuttle butt</b></col>, or <col><b>Scuttle cask</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a butt or cask with a large hole in it, used to
contain the fresh water for daily use in a ship.</cd>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scut"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scuttled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scuttling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut a hole or holes
through the bottom, deck, or sides of (as of a ship), for any
purpose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sink by making holes through the bottom
of; as, to <i>scuttle</i> a ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scu"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scuta</b></plw> (#). [L.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom.
Antiq.)</i> <def>An oblong shield made of boards or wickerwork covered
with leather, with sometimes an iron rim; -- carried chiefly by the
heavy-armed infantry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A penthouse or
awning.</def> [Obs.] <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
second and largest of the four parts forming the upper surface of a
thoracic segment of an insect. It is preceded by the prescutum and
followed by the scutellum. See the <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Thorax</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the two lower
valves of the operculum of a barnacle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scyb"a*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>sky`balon</grk> dung.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Hardened masses of
feces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scye</hw> (s&imacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Arm scye, a
cutter's term for the armhole or part of the armhole of the waist of a
garment.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Scyle</hw> (s&imacr;l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>scylan</i> to withdraw or remove.] <def>To hide; to secrete; to
conceal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scyl"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dangerous rock on
the Italian coast opposite the whirpool Charybdis on the coast of
Sicily, -- both personified in classical literature as ravenous
monsters. The passage between them was formerly considered perilous;
hence, the saying "Between Scylla and Charybdis," signifying a great
peril on either hand.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scyl*l&aelig;"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Scylla</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of oceanic
nudibranchiate mollusks having the small branched gills situated on
the upper side of four fleshy lateral lobes, and on the median caudal
crest.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In color and form these mollusks closely imitate the fronds
of sargassum and other floating seaweeds among which they live.</p>

<p><hw>Scyl*la"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a family (<i>Scyllarid&aelig;</i>) of
macruran Crustacea, remarkable for the depressed form of the body, and
the broad, flat antenn&aelig;. Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scyl"lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
white crystalline substance of a sweetish taste, resembling inosite
and metameric with dextrose. It is extracted from the kidney of the
dogfish (of the genus <i>Scyllium</i>), the shark, and the
skate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scym"e*tar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scimiter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scy"pha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scyphae</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Scyphus</u>, 2 <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scy"phi*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scyphus</i>
a cup + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Cup-shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scy*phis"to*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scyphistomata</b></plw> (#),
<plw><b>Scyphistom&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>sky`fos</grk> a cup + <grk>sto`ma</grk> the mouth.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The young attached larva of Discophora in the
stage when it resembles a hydroid, or actinian.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scy`pho*bran"chi*i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from Gr. <grk>sky`fos</grk> a cup + <grk>bra`gchion</grk> a gill.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of fishes including the blennioid
and gobioid fishes, and other related families.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scy`pho*me*du"s&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>sky`fos</grk> cup + NL. <i>medusa</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Acraspeda</u>, or
<u>Discophora</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scy*phoph"o*ri</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>sky`fos</grk> a cup + <grk>fe`rein</grk> to bear.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of fresh-water fishes inhabiting
tropical Africa. They have rudimentary electrical organs on each side
of the tail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scy"phus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scyphi</b></plw> (#). [L., a cup, Gr. <grk>sky`fos</grk>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>A kind of large drinking cup,
-- used by Greeks and Romans, esp. by poor folk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The cup
of a narcissus, or a similar appendage to the corolla in other
flowers.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A cup-shaped stem or podetium
in lichens. Also called <i>scypha</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<i>Cladonia pyxidata</i>, under <u>Lichen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scythe</hw> (s&imacr;&thlig;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>sithe</i>, AS. s&imacr;&eth;e, <i>sig&eth;e</i>; akin to Icel.
<i>sig&eth;r</i> a sickle, LG. <i>segd</i>, <i>seged</i>, <i>seed</i>,
<i>seid</i>, OHG. <i>segansa</i> sickle, scythe, G. <i>sense</i>
scythe, and to E. <i>saw</i> a cutting instrument. See <u>Saw</u>.]
[Written also <i>sithe</i> and <i>sythe</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An instrument for mowing grass, grain, or the like, by hand,
composed of a long, curving blade, with a sharp edge, made fast to a
long handle, called a <i>snath</i>, which is bent into a form
convenient for use.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sharp-edged <i>scythe</i> shears up the spiring
grass.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whatever thing<BR>
The <i>scythe</i> of Time mows down.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>A scythe-shaped blade
attached to ancient war chariots.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1296 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Scythe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cut with a
scythe; to cut off as with a scythe; to mow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Time had not <i>scythed</i> all that youth
begun.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scythed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Armed with scythes,
as a chariot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Chariots <i>scythed</i>,<BR>
On thundering axles rolled.</blockquote> <i>Glover.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scythe"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scythemen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who uses a scythe; a
mower.</def> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scythe"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stone for
sharpening scythes; a whetstone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scythe"whet`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Wilson's thrush; -- so called from its note.</def> [Local,
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Scyth"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Scythia (a name given to the northern part of Asia, and Europe
adjoining to Asia), or its language or inhabitants.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scythian lamb</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Barometz</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scyth"i*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
native or inhabitant of Scythia; specifically <i>(Ethnol.)</i>, one of
a Slavonic race which in early times occupied Eastern
Europe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The language of the Scythians.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scy`to*der"ma*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; a hide + &?; a skin.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Holothurioidea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sdain</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. & n.</i></pos> <def>Disdain.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>'Sdeath</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr.
<i>God's death</i>.] <def>An exclamation expressive of impatience or
anger.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sdeign</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To disdain.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But either <i>sdeigns</i> with other to
partake.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea</hw> (s&emacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>see</i>, AS.
<i>s&aemacr;</i>; akin to D. <i>zee</i>, OS. & OHG. <i>s&emacr;o</i>,
G. <i>see</i>, OFries. <i>se</i>, Dan. <i>s&ouml;</i>, Sw.
<i>sj&ouml;</i>, Icel. <i>s&aelig;r</i>, Goth. <i>saiws</i>, and
perhaps to L. <i>saevus</i> fierce, savage. &radic;151a.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the larger bodies of salt water, less
than an ocean, found on the earth's surface; a body of salt water of
second rank, generally forming part of, or connecting with, an ocean
or a larger sea; as, the Mediterranean <i>Sea</i>; the <i>Sea</i> of
Marmora; the North <i>Sea</i>; the Carribean <i>Sea</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An inland body of water, esp. if large or
if salt or brackish; as, the Caspian <i>Sea</i>; <i>the Sea</i> of
Aral; sometimes, a small fresh-water lake; as, the <i>Sea</i> of
Galilee.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The ocean; the whole body of the salt water
which covers a large part of the globe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I marvel how the fishes live in the
<i>sea</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ambiguous between <i>sea</i> and land<BR>
The river horse and scaly crocodile.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The swell of the ocean or other body of
water in a high wind; motion or agitation of the water's surface;
also, a single wave; a billow; as, there was a high <i>sea</i> after
the storm; the vessel shipped a <i>sea</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Jewish Antiq.)</i> <def>A great brazen laver
in the temple at Jerusalem; -- so called from its size.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He made a molten <i>sea</i> of ten cubits from brim to
brim, round in compass, and five cubits the height
thereof.</blockquote> <i>2 Chron. iv. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Anything resembling the sea in
vastness; as, a <i>sea</i> of glory.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All the space . . . was one <i>sea</i> of
heads.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sea</i> is often used in the composition of words of
obvious signification; as, <i>sea</i>-bathed, <i>sea</i>-beaten,
<i>sea</i>-bound, <i>sea</i>-bred, <i>sea</i>-circled, <i>sea</i>like,
<i>sea</i>-nursed, <i>sea</i>-tossed, <i>sea</i>-walled, <i>sea</i>-
worn, and the like. It is also used either adjectively or in
combination with substantives; as, <i>sea</i> bird, <i>sea</i>-bird,
or <i>sea</i>bird, <i>sea</i> acorn, or <i>sea</i>-acorn.</p>

<p><col><b>At sea</b></col>, <cd>upon the ocean; away from land;
figuratively, without landmarks for guidance; lost; at the mercy of
circumstances.</cd> "To say the old man was <i>at sea</i> would be too
feeble an expression." <i>G. W. Cable</i> -- <col><b>At full
sea</b></col> <cd>at the height of flood tide; hence, at the
height.</cd> "But now God's mercy was <i>at full sea</i>." <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i> -- <col><b>Beyond seas</b></col>, or <col><b>Beyond the
sea</b></col> or <col><b>the seas</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>out of
the state, territory, realm, or country.</cd> <i>Wharton.</i> --
<col><b>Half seas over</b></col>, <cd>half drunk.</cd> [Colloq.]
<i>Spectator.</i> -- <col><b>Heavy sea</b></col>, <cd>a sea in which
the waves run high.</cd> -- <col><b>Long sea</b></col>, <cd>a sea
characterized by the uniform and steady motion of long and extensive
waves.</cd> -- <col><b>Short sea</b></col>, <cd>a sea in which the
waves are short, broken, and irregular, so as to produce a tumbling or
jerking motion.</cd> -- <col><b>To go to sea</b></col>, <cd>to adopt
the calling or occupation of a sailor.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sea" a"corn</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An acorn
barnacle (<i>Balanus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" ad"der</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The European fifteen-spined stickleback (<i>Gasterosteus
spinachia</i>); -- called also <i>bismore</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The European tanglefish, or pipefish
(<i>Syngnathus acus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" an"chor</hw> (?). <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See <i>Drag
sail</i>, under 4th <u>Drag</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" a*nem"o*ne</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
numerous species of soft-bodied Anthozoa, belonging to the order
Actinaria; an actinian.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They have the oral disk surrounded by one or more circles of
simple tapering tentacles, which are often very numerous, and when
expanded somewhat resemble the petals of flowers, with colors varied
and often very beautiful.</p>

<p><hw>Sea" ape`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The thrasher shark.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The sea
otter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" ap"ple</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The fruit of a West
Indian palm (<i>Manicaria Plukenetii</i>), often found floating in the
sea.</def> <i>A. Grisebach.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" ar"row</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A squid of the
genus <i>Ommastrephes</i>. See <u>Squid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" bank`</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
seashore.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bank or mole to defend against the
sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"-bar`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A tern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" bar"row</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sea
purse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" bass`</hw>. (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A large marine food fish (<i>Serranus, or Centropristis,
atrarius</i>) which abounds on the Atlantic coast of the United
States. It is dark bluish, with black bands, and more or less varied
with small white spots and blotches. Called also, locally, <i>blue
bass</i>, <i>black sea bass</i>, <i>blackfish</i>, <i>bluefish</i>,
and <i>black perch</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A California
food fish (<i>Cynoscion nobile</i>); -- called also <i>white sea
bass</i>, and <i>sea salmon</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" bat`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Batfish</u>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"beach`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A beach lying
along the sea.</def> "The bleak <i>seabeach</i>."
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" bean</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Florida
bean</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" bear`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Any fur seal. See under <u>Fur</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The white bear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"beard`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
green seaweed (<i>Cladophora rupestris</i>) growing in dense
tufts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" beast`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any large marine
mammal, as a seal, walrus, or cetacean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" bird`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any swimming bird
frequenting the sea; a sea fowl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" blite`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant
(<i>Su&aelig;da maritima</i>) of the Goosefoot family, growing in salt
marshes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"-blub"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A jellyfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sea</i> +
<i>board</i>, F. <i>bord</i> side.] <def>The seashore; seacoast.</def>
<i>Ld. Berners.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea"board`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bordering upon, or
being near, the sea; seaside; seacoast; as, a <i>seaboard</i>
town.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"board`</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the
sea.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sea"boat`</hw> (?). [AS. <i>s&aemacr;b&amacr;t</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A boat or vessel adapted to the open sea;
hence, a vessel considered with reference to her power of resisting a
storm, or maintaining herself in a heavy sea; as, a good <i>sea
boat</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A chiton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"bord`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. & a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Seaboard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"-bor"der*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bordering
on the sea; situated beside the sea.</def> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea"-born`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Born of the sea; produced by the sea.</def> "Neptune and his
<i>sea-born</i> niece." <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Born at sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"bound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bounded by the
sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" bow`</hw> (?). <def>See <i>Marine rainbow</i>, under
<u>Rainbow</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" boy`</hw> (?). <def>A boy employed on shipboard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" breach`</hw> (?). <def>A breaking or overflow of a bank or
a dike by the sea.</def> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" bream`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
several species of sparoid fishes, especially the common European
species (<i>Pagellus centrodontus</i>), the Spanish (<i>P. Oweni</i>),
and the black sea bream (<i>Cantharus lineatus</i>); -- called also
<i>old wife</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" brief`</hw> (?). <def>Same as <u>Sea letter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" bug`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
chiton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"-built`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Built at, in,
or by the sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" but"ter*fly`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
pteropod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" cab"bage</hw> (?; 48). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <i>Sea
kale</i>, under <u>Kale</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" calf`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common
seal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" ca*na"ry</hw> (?). [So called from a whistling sound which
it makes.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The beluga, or white
whale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" cap"tain</hw> (?). <def>The captain of a vessel that sails
upon the sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" card`</hw> (?). <def>Mariner's card, or compass.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sea" cat`fish</hw> (?). <hw>Sea" cat`</hw> (?). }
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The wolf fish.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any marine siluroid fish, as
<i>&AElig;lurichthys marinus</i>, and <i>Arinus felis</i>, of the
eastern coast of the United States. Many species are found on the
coasts of Central and South America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" chart`</hw> (?). <def>A chart or map on which the lines of
the shore, islands, shoals, harbors, etc., are delineated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" chick"weed`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A fleshy plant
(<i>Arenaria peploides</i>) growing in large tufts in the sands of the
northern Atlantic seacoast; -- called also <i>sea sandwort</i>, and
<i>sea purslane</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" clam`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of the
large bivalve mollusks found on the open seacoast, especially those of
the family <i>Mactrid&aelig;</i>, as the common American species.
(<i>Mactra, or Spisula, solidissima</i>); -- called also <i>beach
clam</i>, and <i>surf clam</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" coal`</hw> (?). <def>Coal brought by sea; -- a name by
which mineral coal was formerly designated in the south of England, in
distinction from <i>charcoal</i>, which was brought by land.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sea-coal facing</b></col> <i>(Founding)</i>, <cd>facing
consisting of pulverized bituminous coal.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sea"coast`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The shore or
border of the land adjacent to the sea or ocean. Also used
adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" cob`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The black-backed
gull.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" cock`</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a steamship, a
cock or valve close to the vessel's side, for closing a pipe which
communicates with the sea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
black-bellied plover.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A gurnard, as the
European red gurnard (<i>Trigla pini</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" co"coa</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A magnificent palm
(<i>Lodoicea Sechellarum</i>) found only in the Seychelles Islands.
The fruit is an immense two-lobed nut. It was found floating in the
Indian Ocean before the tree was known, and called <i>sea
cocoanut</i>, and <i>double cocoanut</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" col"an*der</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A large blackfish
seaweed (<i>Agarum Turneri</i>), the frond of which is punctured with
many little holes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" cole"wort`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Sea
cabbage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" com"pass</hw> (?). <def>The mariner's compass. See under
<u>Compass</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" coot`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A scoter
duck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" corn`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A yellow
cylindrical mass of egg capsules of certain species of whelks
(<i>Buccinum</i>), which resembles an ear of maize.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" cow`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The mantee.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The dugong.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The walrus.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sea" craw"fish`</hw> (?). <hw>Sea" cray"fish`</hw> (?). }
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any crustacean of the genus <i>Palinurus</i>
and allied genera, as the European spiny lobster (<i>P. vulgaris</i>),
which is much used as an article of food. See
<u>Lobster</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" crow`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The chough.</def> [Ireland] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
cormorant.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The blackheaded pewit, and
other gulls.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The skua.</def>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>The razorbill.</def> [Orkney Islands]
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>The coot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" cu"cum*ber</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any large
holothurian, especially one of those belonging to the genus
<i>Pentacta</i>, or <i>Cucumaria</i>, as the common American and
European species. (<i>P. frondosa</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" dace`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European sea
perch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" daf"fo*dil</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A European
amaryllidaceous plant (<i>Pancratium maritimum</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" dev`il</hw> (?) <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Any very large ray, especially any species of the genus
<i>Manta</i> or <i>Cephaloptera</i>, some of which become more than
twenty feet across and weigh several tons. See also <i>Ox ray</i>,
under <u>Ox</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any large cephalopod,
as a large Octopus, or a giant squid (<i>Architeuthis</i>). See
<u>Devilfish</u>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The angler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" dog`</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The dogfish.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The common
seal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An old sailor; a salt.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Sea" dot"ter*el</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
turnstone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" dove`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The little auk,
or rotche. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Rotche</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" drag"on</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A dragonet, or sculpin.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
pegasus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" drake`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The pewit
gull.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" duck`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
numerous species of ducks which frequent the seacoasts and feed mainly
on fishes and mollusks. The scoters, eiders, old squaw, and ruddy duck
are examples. They may be distinguished by the lobate hind
toe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" ea"gle</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of fish-eating eagles of the genus
<i>Hali&aelig;etus</i> and allied genera, as the North Pacific sea
eagle (<i>H. pelagicus</i>), which has white shoulders, head, rump,
and tail; the European white-tailed eagle (<i>H. albicilla</i>); and
the Indian white-tailed sea eagle, or fishing eagle
(<i>Polioa&euml;tus ichthya&euml;tus</i>). The bald eagle and the
osprey are also sometimes classed as <i>sea eagles</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The eagle ray. See
under <u>Ray</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"-ear`</hw> (s&emacr;"&emacr;r`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of ear-shaped shells of the genus
<i>Haliotis</i>. See <u>Abalone</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" eel`</hw> (s&emacr;" &emacr;l`). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The conger eel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" egg`</hw> (s&emacr;" &ebreve;g`). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A sea urchin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" el"e*phant</hw> (s&emacr;" &emacr;"&esl;*f<i>a</i>nt).
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A very large seal (<i>Macrorhinus
proboscideus</i>) of the Antarctic seas, much hunted for its oil. It
sometimes attains a length of thirty feet, and is remarkable for the
prolongation of the nose of the adult male into an erectile elastic
proboscis, about a foot in length. Another species of smaller size
(<i>M. angustirostris</i>) occurs on the coast of Lower California,
but is now nearly extinct.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1297 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Sea" fan`</hw> (s&emacr;" f&abreve;n`). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any gorgonian which branches in a fanlike form, especially
<i>Gorgonia flabellum</i> of Florida and the West Indies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"far`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sea + <i>fare</i>.]
<def>One who follows the sea as a business; a mariner; a
sailor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"far`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Following the
business of a mariner; as, a <i>seafaring</i> man.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" feath"er</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any gorgonian
which branches in a plumelike form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" fen"nel</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Samphire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" fern"</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any gorgonian
which branches like a fern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" fight`</hw> (?). <def>An engagement between ships at sea;
a naval battle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" fir`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sertularian
hydroid, especially <i>Sertularia abietina</i>, which branches like a
miniature fir tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" flow"er</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sea anemone,
or any related anthozoan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" foam`</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Foam of sea
water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Meerschaum; -- called also
<i>sea froth</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" fowl`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any bird which
habitually frequents the sea, as an auk, gannet, gull, tern, or
petrel; also, all such birds, collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" fox`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The thrasher
shark. See <u>Thrasher</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" froth`</hw> (?; 115). <def>See <u>Sea foam</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sea"-gate`</hw>, <hw>Sea"-gait`</hw> }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A long, rolling swell of the sea.</def> <i>Ham. Nav.
Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" gauge`</hw> (?). <def>See under <u>Gauge</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sea" gher`kin</hw> (?), or <hw>Sea" gir"kin</hw> (?) }.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any small holothurian resembling in form a
gherkin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" gin"ger</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A hydroid coral
of the genus Millepora, especially <i>M. alcicornis</i>, of the West
Indies and Florida. So called because it stings the tongue like
ginger. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Millepore</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" gir"dles</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of kelp
(<i>Laminaria digitata</i>) with palmately cleft fronds; -- called
also <i>sea wand</i>, <i>seaware</i>, and <i>tangle</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"girt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Surrounded by the
water of the sea or ocean; as, a <i>seagirt</i> isle.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" god`</hw> (?). <def>A marine deity; a fabulous being
supposed to live in, or have dominion over, the sea, or some
particular sea or part of the sea, as Neptune.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" god"dess</hw> (?). <def>A goddess supposed to live in or
reign over the sea, or some part of the sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"go`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Going upon the
sea; especially, sailing upon the deep sea; -- used in distinction
from <i>coasting</i> or <i>river</i>, as applied to vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" goose`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
phalarope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" gown`</hw> (?). <def>A gown or frock with short sleeves,
formerly worn by mariners.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" grape`</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The gulf weed. See under <u>Gulf</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A shrubby plant (<i>Coccoloba uvifera</i>)
growing on the sandy shores of tropical America, somewhat resembling
the grapevine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The clusters
of gelatinous egg capsules of a squid (<i>Loligo</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" grass`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Eelgrass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" green`</hw> (?). <def>The green color of sea
water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"-green`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a beautiful
bluish green color, like sea water on soundings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" gud"geon</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European
black goby (<i>Gobius niger</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" gull`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any gull living
on the seacoast.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Se"ah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Jewish dry
measure containing one third of an ephah.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" hare`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
tectibranchiate mollusk of the genus Aplysia. See
<u>Aplysia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" hawk`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A jager
gull.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" heath`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A low perennial plant
(<i>Frankenia l&aelig;vis</i>) resembling heath, growing along the
seashore in Europe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" hedge"hog`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sea
urchin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" hen`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common
guillemot; -- applied also to various other sea birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" hog`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
porpoise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" hol"ly</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An evergeen seashore
plant (<i>Eryngium maritimum</i>). See <u>Eryngium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" holm`</hw> (?). <def>A small uninhabited island.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" holm`</hw>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Sea holly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" horse`</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fabulous
creature, half horse and half fish, represented in classic mythology
as driven by sea dogs or ridden by the Nereids. It is also depicted in
heraldry. See <u>Hippocampus</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
walrus.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any fish of the genus
Hippocampus.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In a passage of Dryden's, the word is supposed to refer to
the hippopotamus.</p>

<p><hw>Sea" hul"ver</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Sea holly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"-is`land</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to certain islands along the coast of South Carolina and
Georgia; as, <i>sea-island</i> cotton, a superior cotton of long fiber
produced on those islands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" jel"ly</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A medusa, or
jellyfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seak</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Soap prepared for use
in milling cloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" kale"</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See under
<u>Kale</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" king`</hw> (?). <def>One of the leaders among the Norsemen
who passed their lives in roving the seas in search of plunder and
adventures; a Norse pirate chief. See the Note under
<u>Viking</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seal</hw> (s&emacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sele</i>,
AS. <i>seolh</i>; akin to OHG. <i>selah</i>, Dan. <i>s&aelig;l</i>,
Sw. <i>sj&auml;l</i>, Icel. <i>selr</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
aquatic carnivorous mammal of the families <i>Phocid&aelig;</i> and
<i>Otariid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Seals inhabit seacoasts, and are found principally in the
higher latitudes of both hemispheres. There are numerous species,
bearing such popular names as <i>sea lion</i>, <i>sea leopard</i>,
<i>sea bear</i>, or <i>ursine seal</i>, <i>fur seal</i>, and <i>sea
elephant</i>. The bearded seal (<i>Erignathus barbatus</i>), the
hooded seal (<i>Cystophora cristata</i>), and the ringed seal
(<i>Phoca f&oelig;tida</i>), are northern species. See also <i>Eared
seal</i>, <i>Harp seal</i>, <i>Monk seal</i>, and <i>Fur seal</i>,
under <u>Eared</u>, <u>Harp</u>, <u>Monk</u>, and <u>Fur</u>. Seals
are much hunted for their skins and fur, and also for their oil, which
in some species is very abundant.</p>

<p><col><b>Harbor seal</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the common
seal (<i>Phoca vitulina</i>). It inhabits both the North Atlantic and
the North Pacific Ocean, and often ascends rivers; -- called also
<i>marbled seal</i>, <i>native seal</i>, <i>river seal</i>, <i>bay
seal</i>, <i>land seal</i>, <i>sea calf</i>, <i>sea cat</i>, <i>sea
dog</i>, <i>dotard</i>, <i>ranger</i>, <i>selchie</i>,
<i>tangfish</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Seal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>seel</i>, OF.
<i>seel</i>, F. <i>sceau</i>, fr. L. <i>sigillum</i> a little figure
or image, a seal, dim. of <i>signum</i> a mark, sign, figure, or
image. See <u>Sign</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Sigil</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An engraved or inscribed stamp, used for
marking an impression in wax or other soft substance, to be attached
to a document, or otherwise used by way of authentication or
security.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wax, wafer, or other tenacious substance,
set to an instrument, and impressed or stamped with a seal; as, to
give a deed under hand and <i>seal</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Till thou canst rail the <i>seal</i> from off my
bond<BR>
Thou but offend'st thy lungs to speak so loud.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which seals or fastens; esp., the wax
or wafer placed on a letter or other closed paper, etc., to fasten
it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which confirms, ratifies, or makes
stable; that which authenticates; that which secures; assurance.</def>
"Under the <i>seal</i> of silence." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a red <i>seal</i> is the setting sun<BR>
On the good and the evil men have done.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An arrangement for preventing the entrance
or return of gas or air into a pipe, by which the open end of the pipe
dips beneath the surface of water or other liquid, or a deep bend or
sag in the pipe is filled with the liquid; a draintrap.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Great seal</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Great</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Privy seal</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Privy</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Seal lock</b></col>, <cd>a lock
in which the keyhole is covered by a seal in such a way that the lock
can not be opened without rupturing the seal.</cd> -- <col><b>Seal
manual</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Manual</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Seal ring</b></col>, <cd>a ring
having a seal engraved on it, or ornamented with a device resembling a
seal; a signet ring.</cd> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seal</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sealed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sealing</u>.] [OE. <i>selen</i>; cf. OF. <i>seeler</i>,
<i>seieler</i>, F. <i>sceller</i>, LL. <i>sigillare</i>. See
<u>Seal</u> a stamp.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set or affix a seal
to; hence, to authenticate; to confirm; to ratify; to establish; as,
to <i>seal</i> a deed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And with my hand I <i>seal</i> my true heart's
love.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mark with a stamp, as an evidence of
standard exactness, legal size, or merchantable quality; as, to
<i>seal</i> weights and measures; to <i>seal</i> silverware.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fasten with a seal; to attach together
with a wafer, wax, or other substance causing adhesion; as, to
<i>seal</i> a letter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to shut close; to keep close; to
make fast; to keep secure or secret.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Seal</i> up your lips, and give no words but
"mum".</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To fix, as a piece of iron in a wall, with
cement, plaster, or the like.</def> <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To close by means of a seal; as, to
<i>seal</i> a drainpipe with water. See 2d <u>Seal</u>, 5.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Among the Mormons, to confirm or set apart
as a second or additional wife.</def> [Utah, U.S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If a man once married desires a second helpmate . . .
she is <i>sealed</i> to him under the solemn sanction of the
church.</blockquote> <i>H. Stansbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seal</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To affix one's seal, or
a seal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>seal</i> unto this bond.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" la"ces</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of seaweed
(<i>Chorda Filum</i>) having blackish cordlike fronds, often many feet
long.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" lam"prey</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common
lamprey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" lan"guage</hw> (?). <def>The peculiar language or
phraseology of seamen; sailor's cant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" lark`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The rock pipit (<i>Anthus obscurus</i>).</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any one of several small sandpipers and
plovers, as the ringed plover, the turnstone, the dunlin, and the
sanderling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" lav"en*der</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <i>Marsh
rosemary</i>, under <u>Marsh</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" law"yer</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The gray
snapper. See under <u>Snapper</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seal"-brown`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a rich dark
brown color, like the fur of the fur seal after it is dyed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" legs`</hw> (?). <def>Legs able to maintain their possessor
upright in stormy weather at sea, that is, ability to stand or walk
steadily on deck when a vessel is rolling or pitching in a rough
sea.</def> [Sailor's Cant] <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" lem"on</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
several species of nudibranchiate mollusks of the genus Doris and
allied genera, having a smooth, thick, convex yellow body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" leop"ard</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
several species of spotted seals, especially <i>Ogmorhinus
leptonyx</i>, and <i>Leptonychotes Weddelli</i>, of the Antarctic
Ocean. The North Pacific sea leopard is the harbor seal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seal"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who seals;
especially, an officer whose duty it is to seal writs or instruments,
to stamp weights and measures, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sealer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mariner or a vessel
engaged in the business of capturing seals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" let"ter</hw> (?). <i>(Mar. Law.)</i> <def>The customary
certificate of national character which neutral merchant vessels are
bound to carry in time of war; a passport for a vessel and
cargo.</def> <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" let"tuce</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The green papery
fronds of several seaweeds of the genus <i>Ulva</i>, sometimes used as
food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" lev"el</hw> (?). <def>The level of the surface of the sea;
any surface on the same level with the sea.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sealgh</hw> (?), <hw>Selch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> }.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A seal.</def> [Scotch]</p>

<p><hw>Sea" lil"y</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
crinoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seal"ing wax`</hw> (?). <def>A compound of the resinous
materials, pigments, etc., used as a material for seals, as for
letters, documents, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" li"on</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
several large species of seals of the family <i>Otariid&aelig;</i>
native of the Pacific Ocean, especially the southern sea lion
(<i>Otaria jubata</i>) of the South American coast; the northern sea
lion (<i>Eumetopias Stelleri</i>) found from California to Japan; and
the black, or California, sea lion (<i>Zalophus Californianus</i>),
which is common on the rocks near San Francisco.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" loach"</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The three-
bearded rockling. See <u>Rockling</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" louse`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
numerous species of isopod crustaceans of <i>Cymothoa</i>,
<i>Livoneca</i>, and allied genera, mostly parasites on
fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seam</hw> (s&emacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Saim</u>.]
<def>Grease; tallow; lard.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] <i>Shak.</i>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seam</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>seem</i>, <i>seam</i>,
AS. <i>se&aacute;m</i>; akin to D. <i>zoom</i>, OHG. <i>soum</i>, G.
<i>saum</i>, LG. <i>soom</i>, Icel. <i>saumr</i>, Sw. & Dan.
<i>s&ouml;m</i>, and E. <i>sew</i>. &radic; 156. See <u>Sew</u> to
fasten with thread.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The fold or line formed
by sewing together two pieces of cloth or leather.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a line of junction; a joint; a
suture, as on a ship, a floor, or other structure; the line of union,
or joint, of two boards, planks, metal plates, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Precepts should be so finely wrought together . . .
that no coarse <i>seam</i> may discover where they join.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geol. & Mining)</i> <def>A thin layer or
stratum; a narrow vein between two thicker strata; as, a <i>seam</i>
of coal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A line or depression left by a cut or
wound; a scar; a cicatrix.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Seam blast</b></col>, <cd>a blast made by putting the
powder into seams or cracks of rocks.</cd> -- <col><b>Seam
lace</b></col>, <cd>a lace used by carriage makers to cover seams and
edges; -- called also <i>seaming lace</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Seam
presser</b></col>. <i>(Agric.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A heavy
roller to press down newly plowed furrows</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>A tailor's sadiron for pressing seams.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> --
<col><b>Seam set</b></col>, <cd>a set for flattering the seams of
metal sheets, leather work, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Seam</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Seamed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Seaming</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form a seam upon or of; to
join by sewing together; to unite.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mark with something resembling a seam;
to line; to scar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Seamed</i> o'er with wounds which his own saber
gave.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make the appearance of a seam in, as in
knitting a stocking; hence, to knit with a certain stitch, like that
in such knitting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seam</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become ridgy; to
crack open.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Later their lips began to parch and
<i>seam</i>.</blockquote> <i>L. Wallace.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seam</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>se&aacute;m</i>, LL.
<i>sauma</i>, L. <i>sagma</i> a packsaddle, fr. Gr. &?;. See
<u>Sumpter</u>.] <def>A denomination of weight or measure.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The quantity of eight bushels
of grain.</def> "A <i>seam</i> of oats." <i>P. Plowman.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The quantity of 120 pounds of glass.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sea"-maid`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The mermaid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sea nymph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"-mail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sea</i> +
(perhaps) <i>Mall</i> Mally, for <i>Mary</i>; hence, Prov. E.
<i>mally</i> a hare.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A gull; the
mew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Seamen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A merman; the male of the
mermaid.</def> [R.] "Not to mention mermaids or <i>seamen</i>."
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Seamen</b></plw> (#). [AS. <i>s&aelig;man</i>.] <def>One whose
occupation is to assist in the management of ships at sea; a mariner;
a sailor; -- applied both to officers and common mariners, but
especially to the latter. Opposed to <i>landman</i>, or
<i>landsman</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Able seaman</b></col>, <cd>a sailor who is practically
conversant with all the duties of common seamanship.</cd> --
<col><b>Ordinary seaman</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Ordinary</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sea"man*like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having or
showing the skill of a practical seaman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"man*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The skill of a
good seaman; the art, or skill in the art, of working a
ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" man"tis</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
squilla.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1298 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Sea" marge`</hw> (?). <def>Land which borders on the sea; the
seashore.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You are near the <i>sea marge</i> of a land teeming
with life.</blockquote> <i>J. Burroughs.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea"mark`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any elevated
object on land which serves as a guide to mariners; a beacon; a
landmark visible from the sea, as a hill, a tree, a steeple, or the
like.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" mat`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any bryozoan of
the genus <i>Flustra</i> or allied genera which form frondlike
corals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" maw`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The sea
mew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seamed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Falconry)</i>
<def>Out of condition; not in good condition; -- said of a
hawk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"-mell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The sea mew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" mew`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A gull; the
mew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" mile`</hw> (?). <def>A geographical mile. See
<u>Mile</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" milk"wort`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A low, fleshy
perennial herb (<i>Glaux maritima</i>) found along northern
seashores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seam"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of forming a seam or joint.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fishing)</i> <def>The cord or rope at the
margin of a seine, to which the meshes of the net are
attached.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Seaming machine</b></col>, <cd>a machine for uniting the
edges of sheet-metal plates by bending them and pinching them
together.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Seam"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
seam.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Christ's <i>seamless</i> coat, all of a
piece.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" monk`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Monk
seal</u>, under <u>Monk</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" mon"ster</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any large sea
animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" moss`</hw> (?; 115). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any branched
marine bryozoan resembling moss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" mouse`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A dorsibranchiate annelid, belonging to <i>Aphrodite</i> and
allied genera, having long, slender, hairlike set&aelig; on the
sides.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The dunlin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seam"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Seamstress</u>.] <def>One who sews well, or whose occupation is to
sew.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Seam"stress</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From older
<i>seamster</i>, properly fem., AS. <i>se&aacute;mestre</i>. See
<u>Seam</u>.] <def>A woman whose occupation is sewing; a
needlewoman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seam"stress*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The business
of a seamstress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" mud`</hw> (?). <def>A rich slimy deposit in salt marshes
and along the seashore, sometimes used as a manure; -- called also
<i>sea ooze</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seam"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a seam;
containing seams, or showing them.</def> "Many a <i>seamy</i> scar."
<i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Everything has its fair, as well as its <i>seamy</i>,
side.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sean</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A seine. See
<u>Seine</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||S&eacute;`ance"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>sedens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>sedere</i> to sit. See
<u>Sit</u>.] <def>A session, as of some public body; especially, a
meeting of spiritualists to receive spirit communications, so
called.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" nee"dle</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Garfish</u> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" net`tle</hw> (?). <def>A jellyfish, or medusa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sean"na*chie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael.
<i>seanachaidh</i>.] <def>A bard among the Highlanders of Scotland,
who preserved and repeated the traditions of the tribes; also, a
genealogist.</def> [Written also <i>sennachy</i>.] [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Sea" on"ion</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The officinal squill.
See <u>Squill</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" ooze`</hw> (?). <def>Same as <i>Sea mud</i>.</def>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" or"ange</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large
American holothurian (<i>Lophothuria Fabricii</i>) having a bright
orange convex body covered with finely granulated scales. Its expanded
tentacles are bright red.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"-orb`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A globefish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" ot"ter</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An aquatic
carnivore (<i>Enhydris lutris, or marina</i>) found in the North
Pacific Ocean. Its fur is highly valued, especially by the Chinese. It
is allied to the common otter, but is larger, with feet more decidedly
webbed.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sea-otter's cabbage</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a gigantic
kelp of the Pacific Ocean (<i>Nereocystis Lutkeana</i>). See
<u>Nereocystis</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sea" owl`</hw> (s&emacr;" oul`). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
lumpfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pad`</hw> (s&emacr;" p&abreve;d`). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A starfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" par"rot</hw> (s&emacr;" p&abreve;r"r&ubreve;t).
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The puffin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" par"tridge</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The gilthead
(<i>Crenilabrus melops</i>), a fish of the British coasts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pass`</hw> (?). <def>A document carried by neutral
merchant vessels in time of war, to show their nationality; a sea
letter or passport. See <u>Passport</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" peach`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A beautiful
American ascidian (<i>Cynthia, or Halocynthia, pyriformis</i>) having
the size, form, velvety surface, and color of a ripe peach.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pear`</hw> (s&emacr;" p&acirc;r`). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A pedunculated ascidian of the genus <i>Boltonia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"-pen"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A pennatula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" perch`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The European bass (<i>Roccus, or Labrax, lupus</i>); -- called
also <i>sea dace</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The cunner.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The sea bass.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<def>The name is applied also to other species of fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pheas"ant</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The pintail
duck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pie`</hw> (s&emacr;" p&imacr;`). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The oyster catcher, a limicoline bird of the genus
<i>H&aelig;matopus</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pie`</hw>. <def>A dish of crust or pastry and meat or
fish, etc., cooked together in alternate layers, -- a common food of
sailors; as, a three-decker <i>sea pie</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"piece`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A picture
representing a scene at sea; a marine picture.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pi"et</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See 1st <u>Sea
pie</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pig`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A porpoise or dolphin.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
dugong.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pi"geon</hw> (?). <def>The common guillemot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pike`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The garfish.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A large serranoid
food fish (<i>Centropomus undecimalis</i>) found on both coasts of
America; -- called also <i>robalo</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>The merluce.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pin`cush`ion</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A sea purse.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
pentagonal starfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pink`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Thrift</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" plov"er</hw> (?). <def>The black-bellied plover.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sea" poach"er</hw> (s&emacr;" p&omacr;ch"&etilde;r). <hw>Sea"
pok"er</hw> (s&emacr;" p&omacr;k"&etilde;r). } <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The lyrie.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pool`</hw> (?). <def>A pool of salt water.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pop"py</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The horn poppy. See
under <u>Horn</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" por"cu*pine</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any fish of
the genus <i>Diodon</i>, and allied genera, whose body is covered with
spines. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Diodon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pork`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An American
compound ascidian (<i>Amor&oelig;cium stellatum</i>) which forms large
whitish masses resembling salt pork.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" port`</hw> (s&emacr;"p&omacr;rt`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A port on the seashore, or one accessible for seagoing vessels.
Also used adjectively; as, a <i>seaport</i> town.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"poy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sepoy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pud"ding</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any large
holothurian.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sea" purse`</hw> (s&emacr;" p&ucirc;rs`). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The horny egg case of a skate, and of certain sharks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" purs"lane</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See under
<u>Purslane</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pye`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See 1st <u>Sea
pie</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" py"ot</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See 1st <u>Sea
pie</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" quail`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
turnstone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"quake`</hw> (s&emacr;"kw&amacr;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A quaking of the sea.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sear</hw>, <hw>Sere</hw> (s&emacr;r) }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>seer</i>, AS. <i>se&aacute;r</i> (assumed) fr.
<i>se&aacute;rian</i> to wither; akin to D. <i>zoor</i> dry, LG.
<i>soor</i>, OHG. <i>sor&emacr;n</i> to wither, Gr. <grk>a"y`ein</grk>
to parch, to dry, Skr. <i>&ccedil;ush</i> (for <i>sush</i>) to dry, to
wither, Zend <i>hush</i> to dry.  &radic;152.  Cf. <u>Austere</u>,
<u>Sorrel</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Dry; withered; no longer
green; -- applied to leaves.</def> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have lived long enough; my way of life<BR>
Is fall'n into the <i>sear</i>, the yellow leaf.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sear</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Seared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Searing</u>.] [OE. <i>seeren</i>, AS. <i>se&aacute;rian</i>. See
<u>Sear</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To wither;
to dry up.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To burn (the surface of) to dryness and
hardness; to cauterize; to expose to a degree of heat such as changes
the color or the hardness and texture of the surface; to scorch; to
make callous; as, to <i>sear</i> the skin or flesh. Also used
figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'm <i>seared</i> with burning steel.</blockquote>
<i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It was in vain that the amiable divine tried to give
salutary pain to that <i>seared</i> conscience.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The discipline of war, being a discipline in
destruction of life, is a discipline in callousness. Whatever
sympathies exist are <i>seared</i>.</blockquote> <i>H.
Spencer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sear</i> is allied to <i>scorch</i> in signification; but
it is applied primarily to animal flesh, and has special reference to
the effect of heat in marking the surface <i>hard</i>. <i>Scorch</i>
is applied to flesh, cloth, or any other substance, and has no
reference to the effect of hardness.</p>

<p><col><b>To sear up</b></col>, <cd>to close by searing.</cd>
"Cherish veins of good humor, and <i>sear</i> up those of ill." <i>Sir
W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sear</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>serre</i> a grasp,
pressing, fr. L. <i>sera</i>. See <u>Serry</u>.] <def>The catch in a
gunlock by which the hammer is held cocked or half cocked.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sear spring</b></col>, <cd>the spring which causes the sear
to catch in the notches by which the hammer is held.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sea" rat`</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pirate.</def>
[R.] <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
chim&aelig;ra.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" ra"ven</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>An American cottoid fish (<i>Hemitripterus Americanus</i>) allied
to the sculpins, found on the northern Atlantic coasts.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The cormorant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Searce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sarse</u>.]
<def>A fine sieve.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Searce</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sift; to
bolt.</def> [Obs.] <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sear"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who sifts or bolts.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A searce, or sieve.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Search</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Searched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Searching</u>.] [OE. <i>serchen</i>, <i>cerchen</i>, OF.
<i>cerchier</i>, F. <i>chercher</i>, L. <i>circare</i> to go about,
fr. L. <i>circum</i>, <i>circa</i>, around. See <u>Circle</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To look over or through, for the purpose of
finding something; to examine; to explore; as, to <i>search</i> the
city.</def> "<i>Search</i> the Scriptures." <i>John v. 39.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They are come to <i>search</i> the house.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Search</i> me, O God, and know my
heart.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxxxix. 23.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inquire after; to look for; to
seek.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will both <i>search</i> my sheep, and seek them
out.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. xxxiv. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Enough is left besides to <i>search</i> and
know.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To examine or explore by feeling with an
instrument; to probe; as, to <i>search</i> a wound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To examine; to try; to put to the
test.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To search out</b></col>, <cd>to seek till found; to find by
seeking; as, to <i>search out</i> truth.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To explore; examine; scrutinize; seek; investigate;
pry into; inquire.</p>

<p><hw>Search</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To seek; to look for
something; to make inquiry, exploration, or examination; to
hunt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Once more <i>search</i> with me.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It sufficeth that they have once with care sifted the
matter, and <i>searched</i> into all the particulars.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Search</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>cerche</i>. See
<u>Search</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>The act of seeking or
looking for something; quest; inquiry; pursuit for finding something;
examination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus the orb he roamed<BR>
With narrow <i>search</i>, and with inspection deep<BR>
Considered every creature.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor did my <i>search</i> of liberty begin<BR>
Till my black hairs were changed upon my chin.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Right of search</b></col> <i>(Mar. Law)</i>, <cd>the right
of the lawfully commissioned cruisers of belligerent nations to
examine and search private merchant vessels on the high seas, for the
enemy's property or for articles contraband of war.</cd> --
<col><b>Search warrant</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a warrant legally
issued, authorizing an examination or search of a house, or other
place, for goods stolen, secreted, or concealed.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Scrutiny; examination; exploration; investigation;
research; inquiry; quest; pursuit.</p>

<p><hw>Search"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being searched.</def></p>

<p><hw>Search"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being searchable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Search"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>cercheor</i> inspector.] <def>One who, or that which, searches or
examines; a seeker; an inquirer; an examiner; a trier.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Formerly, an officer in London
appointed to examine the bodies of the dead, and report the cause of
death.</def> <i>Graunt.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An officer of the
customs whose business it is to search ships, merchandise, luggage,
etc.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An inspector of leather.</def>
[Prov. Eng.] <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>An instrument for
examining the bore of a cannon, to detect cavities.</def>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>An implement for sampling butter; a butter
trier.</def> <sd><i>(j)</i></sd> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An instrument for
feeling after calculi in the bladder, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Search"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Exploring
thoroughly; scrutinizing; penetrating; trying; as, a <i>searching</i>
discourse; a <i>searching</i> eye.</def> "Piercing, <i>searching</i>,
biting, cold." <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Search"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Search"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Search"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Impossible to be
searched; inscrutable; impenetrable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sear"cloth`</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Cerecloth.</def> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sear"cloth</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover, as a
sore, with cerecloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seared</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Scorched;
cauterized; hence, figuratively, insensible; not susceptible to moral
influences.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>seared</i> conscience and a remorseless
heart.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sear"ed*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being seared or callous; insensibility.</def> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" reed`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The sea-sand reed. See
under <u>Reed</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" risk</hw> (?). <def>Risk of injury, destruction, or loss
by the sea, or while at sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" rob"ber</hw> (?). <def>A pirate; a sea rover.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" rob"in</hw> (?). <def>See under <u>Robin</u>, and
<i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" rock"et</hw> (?).<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See under
<u>Rocket</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" room`</hw> (?). <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Room or space at sea
for a vessel to maneuver, drive, or scud, without peril of running
ashore or aground.</def> <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" rov"er</hw> (?). <def>One that cruises or roves the sea
for plunder; a sea robber; a pirate; also, a piratical
vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"-rov"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cruising at random
on the ocean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" salm"on</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A young pollock.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The spotted
squeteague.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>See <u>Sea bass</u>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" salt`</hw> (?). <def>Common salt, obtained from sea water
by evaporation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" sand"pi`per</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The purple
sandpiper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" sand"wort`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Sea
chickweed</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" sau"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any marine saurian; esp. <i>(Paleon.)</i>,
the large extinct species of Mosasaurus, Ichthyosaurus, Plesiosaurus,
and related genera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"scape</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Landscape</u>.] <def>A picture representing a scene at sea.</def>
[Jocose] <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1299 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Sea" scor"pi*on</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A European sculpin (<i>Cottus scorpius</i>)
having the head armed with short spines.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The scorpene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" scurf`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any bryozoan
which forms rounded or irregular patches of coral on stones, seaweeds,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" ser"pent</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any marine snake. See <u>Sea snake</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large marine animal
of unknown nature, often reported to have been seen at sea, but never
yet captured.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Many accounts of sea serpents are imaginary or fictitious;
others are greatly exaggerated and distorted by incompetent observers;
but a number have been given by competent and trustworthy persons,
which indicate that several diverse animals have been called sea
serpents. Among these are, apparently, several large snakelike fishes,
as the oar fish, or ribbon fish (<i>Regalecus</i>), and huge conger
eels. Other accounts probably refer to the giant squids
(<i>Architeuthis</i>). Some of the best accounts seem to describe a
marine saurian, like the fossil Mosasauri, which were large
serpentlike creatures with paddles.</p>

<p><hw>Sea"shell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The shell of any marine mollusk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"shore`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The coast of the sea; the land that lies adjacent to the sea or
ocean.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>All the ground between the
ordinary high-water and low-water marks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"sick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected with
seasickness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"sick`ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The peculiar
sickness, characterized by nausea and prostration, which is caused by
the pitching or rolling of a vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"side`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The land
bordering on, or adjacent to, the sea; the seashore. Also used
adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" slat"er</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any isopod
crustacean of the genus <i>Ligia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" slug`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A holothurian.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A nudibranch
mollusk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" snail`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A small fish of the genus <i>Liparis</i>, having a ventral
sucker. It lives among stones and seaweeds.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Any small creeping marine gastropod, as the species of Littorina,
Natica, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" snake`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of many
species of venomous aquatic snakes of the family
<i>Hydrophid&aelig;</i>, having a flattened tail and living entirely
in the sea, especially in the warmer parts of the Indian and Pacific
Oceans. They feed upon fishes, and are mostly of moderate size, but
some species become eight or ten feet long and four inches
broad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" snipe`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A sandpiper, as the knot and dunlin.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The bellows fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sesoun</i>, F.
<i>saison</i>, properly, the sowing time, fr. L. <i>satio</i> a
sowing, a planting, fr. <i>serere</i>, <i>satum</i>, to sow, plant;
akin to E. <i>sow</i>, v., to scatter, as seed.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One of the divisions of the year, marked by alterations in the
length of day and night, or by distinct conditions of temperature,
moisture, etc., caused mainly by the relative position of the earth
with respect to the sun. In the north temperate zone, four seasons,
namely, spring, summer, autumn, and winter, are generally recognized.
Some parts of the world have three seasons, -- the dry, the rainy, and
the cold; other parts have but two, -- the dry and the
rainy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The several <i>seasons</i> of the year in their
beauty.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a period of time, especially as
regards its fitness for anything contemplated or done; a suitable or
convenient time; proper conjuncture; as, the <i>season</i> for
planting; the <i>season</i> for rest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>season</i>, prime for sweetest scents and
airs.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A period of time not very long; a while; a
time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt be blind, not seeing the sun for a
<i>season</i>.</blockquote> <i>Acts xiii. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which gives relish; seasoning.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You lack the <i>season</i> of all natures,
sleep.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In season</b></col>, <cd>in good time, or sufficiently
early for the purpose.</cd> -- <col><b>Out of season</b></col>,
<cd>beyond or out of the proper time or the usual or appointed
time.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sea"son</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Seasoned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Seasoning</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To render suitable or
appropriate; to prepare; to fit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is fit and <i>seasoned</i> for his
passage.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fit for any use by time or habit; to
habituate; to accustom; to inure; to ripen; to mature; as, to
<i>season</i> one to a climate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to prepare by drying or hardening,
or removal of natural juices; as, to <i>season</i> timber.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To fit for taste; to render palatable; to
give zest or relish to; to spice; as, to <i>season</i> food.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to fit for enjoyment; to render
agreeable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You <i>season</i> still with sports your serious
hours.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The proper use of wit is to <i>season</i>
conversation.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To qualify by admixture; to moderate; to
temper.</def> "When mercy <i>seasons</i> justice." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To imbue; to tinge or taint.</def> "Who by
his tutor being <i>seasoned</i> with the love of the truth."
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Season</i> their younger years with prudent and
pious principles.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To copulate with; to impregnate.</def> [R.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To become mature; to grow fit for use; to become adapted to a
climate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To become dry and hard, by the escape of
the natural juices, or by being penetrated with other substance; as,
timber <i>seasons</i> in the sun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give token; to savor.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea"son*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Occurring in
good time, in due season, or in proper time for the purpose; suitable
to the season; opportune; timely; as, a <i>seasonable</i> supply of
rain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mercy is <i>seasonable</i> in the time of
affliction.</blockquote> <i>Ecclus. xxxv. 20.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sea"son*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sea"son*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sea"son*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
seasoning.</def> [Obs.] <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea"son*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the seasons.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Seasonal dimorphism</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
condition of having two distinct varieties which appear at different
seasons, as certain species of butterflies in which the spring brood
differs from the summer or autumnal brood.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sea"son*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, seasons, or gives a relish; a seasoning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"son*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process by which anything is seasoned.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is added to any species of food,
to give it a higher relish, as salt, spices, etc.; a
condiment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, something added to enhance enjoyment
or relieve dullness; as, wit is the <i>seasoning</i> of
conversation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Political speculations are of so dry and austere a
nature, that they will not go down with the public without frequent
<i>seasonings</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Seasoning tub</b></col> <i>(Bakery)</i>, <cd>a trough in
which dough is set to rise.</cd> <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea"son*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without succession
of the seasons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" spi"der</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Any maioid crab; a spider crab. See <u>Maioid</u>, and <i>Spider
crab</i>, under <u>Spider</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any
pycnogonid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" squirt`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An ascidian.
See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Tunicata</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" star`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A starfish, or
brittle star.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" sur"geon</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A surgeon
fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" swal"low</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The common tern.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The storm petrel.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The
gannet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>See <i>Cornish chough</i>,
under <u>Chough</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seat</hw> (s&emacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sete</i>,
Icel. <i>s&aelig;ti</i>; akin to Sw. <i>s&auml;te</i>, Dan.
<i>s&aelig;de</i>, MHG. <i>s&amacr;ze</i>, AS. <i>set</i>,
<i>setl</i>, and E. <i>sit</i>. &radic;154. See <u>Sit</u>, and cf.
<u>Settle</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The place
or thing upon which one sits; hence; anything made to be sat in or
upon, as a chair, bench, stool, saddle, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And Jesus . . . overthrew the tables of the money
changers, and the <i>seats</i> of them that sold doves.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. xxi. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The place occupied by anything, or where
any person or thing is situated, resides, or abides; a site; an abode,
a station; a post; a situation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where thou dwellest, even where Satan's <i>seat</i>
is.</blockquote> <i>Rev. ii. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He that builds a fair house upon an ill <i>seat</i>
committeth himself to prison.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>seat</i> of plenty, content, and
tranquillity.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That part of a thing on which a person
sits; as, the <i>seat</i> of a chair or saddle; the <i>seat</i> of a
pair of pantaloons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A sitting; a right to sit; regular or
appropriate place of sitting; as, a <i>seat</i> in a church; a
<i>seat</i> for the season in the opera house.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Posture, or way of sitting, on
horseback.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She had so good a <i>seat</i> and hand she might be
trusted with any mount.</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A part or surface on which
another part or surface rests; as, a valve <i>seat</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Seat worm</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
pinworm.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Seat</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Seated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Seating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To place on a seat; to cause
to sit down; as, to <i>seat</i> one's self.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The guests were no sooner <i>seated</i> but they
entered into a warm debate.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to occupy a post, site, situation,
or the like; to station; to establish; to fix; to settle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus high . . . is King Richard
<i>seated</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They had <i>seated</i> themselves in New
Guiana.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To assign a seat to, or the seats of; to
give a sitting to; as, to <i>seat</i> a church, or persons in a
church.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To fix; to set firm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From their foundations, loosening to and fro,<BR>
They plucked the <i>seated</i> hills.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To settle; to plant with inhabitants; as to
<i>seat</i> a country.</def> [Obs.] <i>W. Stith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To put a seat or bottom in; as, to
<i>seat</i> a chair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seat</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To rest; to lie
down.</def> [Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" tang`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of seaweed;
tang; tangle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To their nests of sedge and <i>sea
tang</i>.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" term`</hw> (?). <def>A term used specifically by seamen; a
nautical word or phrase.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" thief`</hw> (?). <def>A pirate.</def> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" thongs`</hw> (?; 115). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of
blackish seaweed (<i>Himanthalia lorea</i>) found on the northern
coasts of the Atlantic. It has a thonglike forking process rising from
a top-shaped base.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seat"ing</hw> (s&emacr;t"&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of providing with a seat or seats; as,
the <i>seating</i> of an audience.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of making seats; also, the material
for making seats; as, cane <i>seating</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" tit"ling</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The rock
pipit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seat"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
seat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" toad`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A sculpin.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A toadfish.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The angler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" trout`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Any one of several species of true trouts which descend rivers
and enter the sea after spawning, as the European bull trout and
salmon trout, and the eastern American spotted trout.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The common squeteague, and the spotted
squeteague.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A California fish of the
family <i>Chirid&aelig;</i>, especially <i>Hexagrammus
decagrammus</i>; -- called also <i>spotted rock trout</i>. See <i>Rock
trout</i>, under <u>Rock</u>.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A
California sci&aelig;noid fish (<i>Cynoscion nobilis</i>); -- called
also <i>white sea bass</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" trum"pet</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
great blackish seaweed of the Southern Ocean, having a hollow and
expanding stem and a pinnate frond, sometimes twenty feet
long.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any large marine
univalve shell of the genus Triton. See <u>Triton</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" turn`</hw> (?). <def>A breeze, gale, or mist from the
sea.</def> <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" tur"tle</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Any one of several very large species of chelonians having the
feet converted into paddles, as the green turtle, hawkbill,
loggerhead, and leatherback. They inhabit all warm seas.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The sea pigeon, or guillemot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" u"ni*corn</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
narwhal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" ur"chin</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
numerous species of echinoderms of the order Echinoidea.</def>  When
living they are covered with movable spines which are often long and
sharp.</p>

<p><hw>Seave</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan. <i>siv</i>, Sw.
<i>s&auml;f</i>, Icel. <i>sef</i>.] <def>A rush.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seav`y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Overgrown with
rushes.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sea" wall`</hw> (?). [AS. <i>s&aelig;weall</i>.] <def>A wall,
or embankment, to resist encroachments of the sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"-walled`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Surrounded,
bounded, or protected by the sea, as if by a wall.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sea"wan</hw> (?), <hw>Sea"want</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The name used by the Algonquin Indians for
the shell beads which passed among the Indians as money.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Seawan</i> was of two kinds; <i>wampum</i>, white, and
<i>suckanhock</i>, black or purple, -- the former having half the
value of the latter. Many writers, however, use the terms
<i>seawan</i> and <i>wampum</i> indiscriminately. <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea"wand`</hw> . <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Sea
girdles</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Directed or
situated toward the sea.</def> <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Two still clouds . . . sparkled on their <i>seaward</i>
edges like a frosted fleece.</blockquote> <i>G. W. Cable.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea"ward</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the
sea.</def> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea"ware`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>s&aemacr;w&amacr;r</i> seaweed.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Seaweed; esp.,
coarse seaweed. See <u>Ware</u>, and <u>Sea girdles</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Popularly, any plant or plants growing in the sea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any marine plant of the class
Alg&aelig;, as kelp, dulse, Fucus, Ulva, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" whip`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A gorgonian
having a simple stem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" wid"geon</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The scaup duck.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The pintail
duck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"wife`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Seawives</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European
wrasse (<i>Labrus vetula</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" wil"low</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A gorgonian
coral with long flexible branches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" wing`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A wing shell
(<i>Avicula</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" with"wind`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of bindweed
(<i>Convolvulus Soldanella</i>) growing on the seacoast of
Europe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" wolf`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The wolf fish.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The European sea
perch.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The sea elephant.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A sea lion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" wood"cock`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The bar-
tailed godwit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" wood" louse`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sea
slater.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" worm"wood`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A European species
of wormwood (<i>Artemisia maritima</i>) growing by the sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"wor`thi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being seaworthy, or able to resist the ordinary violence
of wind and weather.</def> <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea"wor`thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fit for a
voyage; worthy of being trusted to transport a cargo with safety; as,
a <i>seaworthy</i> ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" wrack`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Wrack</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*ba"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>sebaceus</i>, from L. <i>sebum</i> tallow, grease.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or secreting, fat; composed of
fat; having the appearance of fat; as, the <i>sebaceous</i> secretions
of some plants, or the <i>sebaceous</i> humor of animals.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sebaceous cyst</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a cyst formed
by distention of a sebaceous gland, due to obstruction of its
excretory duct.</cd> -- <col><b>Sebaceous glands</b></col>
<i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>small subcutaneous glands, usually connected with
hair follicles. They secrete an oily semifluid matter, composed in
great part of fat, which softens and lubricates the hair and
skin.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Se*bac"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sebum</i>
tallow: cf. F. <i>s&eacute;bacique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to fat; derived from, or resembling, fat; specifically,
designating an acid (formerly called also <i>sebic</i>, and
<i>pyroleic</i>, acid), obtained by the distillation or saponification
of certain oils (as castor oil) as a white crystalline
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"bat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>sh&ebreve;b&amacr;t</i>.] <def>The eleventh month of the ancient
Hebrew year, approximately corresponding with February.</def> <i>W.
Smith (Bibl. Dict.).</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"bate</hw> (s&emacr;"b\ddt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of sebacic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*bes"ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>sebest&amacr;n</i> the tree: cf. Sp. <i>sebesten</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The mucilaginous drupaceous fruit of two East
Indian trees (<i>Cordia Myxa</i>, and <i>C. latifolia</i>), sometimes
used medicinally in pectoral diseases.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the West Indies the name is given to the similar fruit of
<i>Cordia Sebestana</i>.</p>

<p><! p. 1300 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Se"bic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sebacic</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Se*bif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sebum</i>
tallow + <i>-ferous</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Producing vegetable tallow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Producing fat; sebaceous;
as, the <i>sebiferous</i>, or sebaceous, glands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*bip"a*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sebum</i>
tallow + <i>parere</i> to bring forth.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Sebiferous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Seb"or*rhe*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>sebum</i> tallow + Gr. &?; to flow.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A morbidly
increased discharge of sebaceous matter upon the skin;
stearrhea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Se*ca"le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a kind of
grain.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of cereal grasses including
rye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"can*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Secant</u>.]
<def>A cutting; an intersection; as, the point of <i>secancy</i> of
one line by another.</def> [R.]  <i>Davies & Peck (Math. Dict.
).</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"cant</hw> (s&emacr;"k&abreve;nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>secans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>secare</i> to cut. See
<u>Section</u>.] <def>Cutting; dividing into two parts; as, a
<i>secant</i> line.</def></p>

<p><hw>Secant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;cante</i>. See <u>Secant</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A line that cuts another;
especially, a straight line cutting a curve in two or more
points.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Trig.)</i> <def>A right line drawn from the
center of a circle through one end of a circular arc, and terminated
by a tangent drawn from the other end; the number expressing the ratio
of this line to the radius of the circle. See <i>Trigonometrical
function</i>, under <u>Function</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sec"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.]
<def>Dry.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Secco painting</b></col>, or <col><b>Painting in
secco</b></col>, <cd>painting on dry plaster, as distinguished from
<i>fresco painting</i>, which is on wet or fresh plaster.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Se"cede"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Seceded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Seceding</u>.] [L. <i>secedere</i>, <i>secessum</i>; pref <i>se-
</i> aside + <i>cedere</i> to go, move. See <u>Cede</u>.] <def>To
withdraw from fellowship, communion, or association; to separate one's
self by a solemn act; to draw off; to retire; especially, to withdraw
from a political or religious body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*ced"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who secedes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of a numerous body
of Presbyterians in Scotland who seceded from the communion of the
Established Church, about the year 1733, and formed the Secession
Church, so called.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*cern"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Secerned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Secerning</u>.] [L. <i>secernere</i>. See <u>Secrete</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To separate; to distinguish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Averroes <i>secerns</i> a sense of titillation, and a
sense of hunger and thirst.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>To secrete; as, mucus
<i>secerned</i> in the nose.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*cern"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>secernens</i>, p. pr.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Secreting;
secretory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*cern"ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which promotes secretion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A vessel in, or by means of,
which the process of secretion takes place; a secreting
vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*cern"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>The act or process of secreting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*cess"</hw> (s&esl;*s&ebreve;s"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>secessus</i>. See <u>Secede</u>.] <def>Retirement; retreat;
secession.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*ces"sion</hw> (s&esl;*s&ebreve;sh"&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>secessio</i>: cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;cession</i>. See <u>Secede</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of seceding; separation from fellowship or association
with others, as in a religious or political organization;
withdrawal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(U.S. Hist.)</i> <def>The withdrawal of a
State from the national Union.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Secession Church</b></col><cd> (in Scotland). See
<u>Seceder</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Se*ces"sion*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
doctrine or policy of secession; the tenets of secession; the tenets
of secessionists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*ces"sion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who upholds secession.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(U.S. Hist.)</i> <def>One who holds to the
belief that a State has the right to separate from the Union at its
will.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seche</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos> <def>To
seek.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"chi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.: cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;chion</i>; perhaps formed fr. Gr. &?; cucumber.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The edible fruit of a West Indian plant (<i>Sechium
edule</i>) of the Gourd family. It is soft, pear-shaped, and about
four inches long, and contains a single large seed. The root of the
plant resembles a yam, and is used for food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seck</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>sec</i>, properly,
dry, L. <i>siccus</i>.] <def>Barren; unprofitable. See <i>Rent
seck</i>, under <u>Rent</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seck"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
small reddish brown sweet and juicy pear. It originated on a farm near
Philadelphia, afterwards owned by a Mr. <i>Seckel</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>saeculum</i>: cf.
F. <i>si&egrave;cle</i>. See <u>Secular</u>.] <def>A century.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*clude</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Secluded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Secluding</u>.] [L. <i>secludere</i>, <i>seclusum</i>; pref. <i>se-
</i> aside + <i>claudere</i> to shut. See <u>Close</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shut up apart from others; to
withdraw into, or place in, solitude; to separate from society or
intercourse with others.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let Eastern tyrants from the light of heaven<BR>
<i>Seclude</i> their bosom slaves.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To shut or keep out; to exclude.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Se*clud"ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Se*clud"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Se*clu"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Seclude</u>.] <def>The act of secluding, or the state of being
secluded; separation from society or connection; a withdrawing;
privacy; as, to live in <i>seclusion</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O blest <i>seclusion</i> from a jarring world, which
he, thus occupied, enjoys!</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Solitude; separation; withdrawment; retirement;
privacy. See <u>Solitude</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Se*clu"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
seclude; keeping in seclusion; secluding; sequestering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec"ond</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>secundus</i> second, properly, following, fr. <i>sequi</i> to
follow. See <u>Sue</u> to follow, and cf. <u>Secund</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Immediately following the first; next to the
first in order of place or time; hence, occurring again; another;
other.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And he slept and dreamed the <i>second</i>
time.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xli. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Next to the first in value, power,
excellence, dignity, or rank; secondary; subordinate;
inferior.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>May the day when we become the <i>second</i> people
upon earth . . . be the day of our utter extirpation.</blockquote>
<i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Being of the same kind as another that has
preceded; another, like a prototype; as, a <i>second</i> Cato; a
<i>second</i> Troy; a <i>second</i> deluge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A Daniel, still say I, a <i>second</i>
Daniel!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Second Adventist</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Adventist</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Second cousin</b></col>, <cd>the child of a cousin.</cd> --
<col><b>Second-cut file</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>File</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Second distance</b></col> <i>(Art)</i>, <cd>that part of a
picture between the foreground and the background; -- called also
<i>middle ground</i>, or <i>middle distance</i>.</cd> [R.] --
<col><b>Second estate</b></col> <i>(Eng.)</i>, <cd>the House of
Peers.</cd> -- <col><b>Second girl</b></col>, <cd>a female house-
servant who does the lighter work, as chamber work or waiting on
table.</cd> -- <col><b>Second intention</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Intention</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Second story</b></col>,
<col><b>Second floor</b></col>, <cd>in America, the second range of
rooms from the street level. This, in England, is called the <i>first
floor</i>, the one beneath being the <i>ground floor</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Second</b></col> <col><b>thought or thoughts</b></col>,
<cd>consideration of a matter following a first impulse or impression;
reconsideration.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>On <i>second thoughts</i>, gentlemen, I don't wish you
had known him.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i><BR>
</p>

<p><hw>Sec"ond</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, follows, or comes after; one next and
inferior in place, time, rank, importance, excellence, or
power.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Man<BR>
An angel's <i>second</i>, nor his <i>second</i> long.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who follows or attends another for his
support and aid; a backer; an assistant; specifically, one who acts as
another's aid in a duel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Being sure enough of <i>seconds</i> after the first
onset.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Aid; assistance; help.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Give <i>second</i>, and my love<BR>
Is everlasting thine.</blockquote> <i>J. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>An article of merchandise of a
grade inferior to the best; esp., a coarse or inferior kind of
flour.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> [F. <i>seconde</i>. See <u>Second</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>The sixtieth part of a minute of time or of
a minute of space, that is, the <i>second</i> regular subdivision of
the degree; as, sound moves about 1,140 English feet in a
<i>second</i>; five minutes and ten <i>seconds</i> north of this
place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>In the duodecimal system of mensuration,
the twelfth part of an inch or prime; a line. See <u>Inch</u>, and
<u>Prime</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 8.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
interval between any tone and the tone which is represented on the
degree of the staff next above it.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
second part in a concerted piece; -- often popularly applied to the
alto.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Second hand</b></col>, <cd>the hand which marks the seconds
on the dial of a watch or a clock.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sec"ond</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Seconded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Seconding</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>seconder</i>, L. <i>secundare</i>, from
<i>secundus</i>. See <u>Second</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To follow in the next place; to succeed; to
alternate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In the method of nature, a low valley is immediately
<i>seconded</i> with an ambitious hill.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sin is <i>seconded</i> with sin.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To follow or attend for the purpose of
assisting; to support; to back; to act as the second of; to assist; to
forward; to encourage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have supplies to <i>second</i> our
attempt.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In human works though labored on with pain,<BR>
A thousand movements scarce one purpose gain;<BR>
In God's, one single can its end produce,<BR>
Yet serves to <i>second</i> too some other use.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, to support, as a motion or
proposal, by adding one's voice to that of the mover or
proposer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec"ond*a*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a secondary manner or degree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Secondly; in the second place.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>God hath set some in the church, first apostles,
<i>secondarily</i> prophets, thirdly teachers.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor.
xii. 28.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sec"ond*a*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being secondary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Full of a girl's sweet sense of <i>secondariness</i> to
the object of her love.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Oliphant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sec"ond*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>secondaire</i>, L. <i>secundaire</i>. See <u>Second</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Succeeding next in order
to the first; of second place, origin, rank, etc.; not primary;
subordinate; not of the first order or rate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wheresoever there is moral right on the one hand, no
<i>secondary</i> right can discharge it.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Two are the radical differences; the <i>secondary</i>
differences are as four.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Acting by deputation or delegated
authority; as, the work of <i>secondary</i> hands.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Possessing some quality, or
having been subject to some operation (as substitution), in the second
degree; as, a <i>secondary</i> salt, a <i>secondary</i> amine, etc.
Cf. <u>primary</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Subsequent in origin; -- said
of minerals produced by alteration or deposition subsequent to the
formation of the original rock mass; also of characters of minerals
(as <i>secondary</i> cleavage, etc.) developed by pressure or other
causes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the
second joint of the wing of a bird.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Dependent
or consequent upon another disease; as, Bright's disease is often
<i>secondary</i> to scarlet fever.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Occurring in the second stage of a disease; as, the
<i>secondary</i> symptoms of syphilis.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Secondary accent</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Accent</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</cd> -- <col><b>Secondary
age</b></col>. <i>(Geol.)</i> <cd>The Mesozoic age, or age before the
Tertiary. See <u>Mesozoic</u>, and Note under <u>Age</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 8.</cd> -- <col><b>Secondary alcohol</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>any one of a series of alcohols which contain the
radical CH.OH united with two hydrocarbon radicals. On oxidation the
secondary alcohols form ketones.</cd> -- <col><b>Secondary
amputation</b></col> <i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>an amputation for injury,
performed after the constitutional effects of the injury have
subsided.</cd> -- <col><b>Secondary axis</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>,
<cd>any line which passes through the optical center of a lens but not
through the centers of curvature, or, in the case of a mirror, which
passes through the center of curvature but not through the center of
the mirror.</cd> -- <col><b>Secondary battery</b></col>.
<i>(Elec.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Battery</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
4.</cd> -- <col><b>Secondary circle</b></col> <i>(Geom. &
Astron.)</i>, <cd>a great circle that passes through the poles of
another great circle and is therefore perpendicular to its plane.</cd>
-- <col><b>Secondary circuit</b></col>, <col><b>Secondary
coil</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>a circuit or coil in which a
current is produced by the induction of a current in a neighboring
circuit or coil called the <i>primary circuit</i> or <i>coil</i>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Secondary color</b></col>, <cd>a color formed by mixing any
two primary colors in equal proportions.</cd> -- <col><b>Secondary
coverts</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the longer coverts which
overlie the basal part of the secondary quills of a bird. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Bird</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Secondary
crystal</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a crystal derived from one of the
primary forms.</cd> -- <col><b>Secondary current</b></col>
<i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>a momentary current induced in a closed circuit by
a current of electricity passing through the same or a contiguous
circuit at the beginning and also at the end of the passage of the
primary current.</cd> -- <col><b>Secondary evidence</b></col>,
<cd>that which is admitted upon failure to obtain the primary or best
evidence.</cd> -- <col><b>Secondary fever</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>,
<cd>a fever coming on in a disease after the subsidence of the fever
with which the disease began, as the fever which attends the outbreak
of the eruption in smallpox.</cd> -- <col><b>Secondary
hemorrhage</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>hemorrhage occuring from a
wounded blood vessel at some considerable time after the original
bleeding has ceased.</cd> -- <col><b>Secondary planet</b></col>.
<i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>See the Note under <u>Planet</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Secondary qualities</b></col>, <cd>those qualities of bodies
which are not inseparable from them as such, but are dependent for
their development and intensity on the organism of the percipient,
such as color, taste, odor, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Secondary
quills</b></col> or <col><b>remiges</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the quill feathers arising from the forearm of a bird and forming
a row continuous with the primaries; -- called also
<i>secondaries</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Bird</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Secondary rocks</b></col> or <col><b>strata</b></col>
<i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>those lying between the Primary, or Paleozoic, and
Tertiary (see <i>Primary rocks</i>, under <u>Primary</u>); -- later
restricted to strata of the Mesozoic age, and at present but little
used.</cd> -- <col><b>Secondary syphilis</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>,
<cd>the second stage of syphilis, including the period from the first
development of constitutional symptoms to the time when the bones and
the internal organs become involved.</cd> -- <col><b>Secondary
tint</b></col>, <cd>any subdued tint, as gray.</cd> --
<col><b>Secondary union</b></col> <i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>the union of
wounds after suppuration; union by the second intention.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Second; second-rate; subordinate; inferior.</p>

<p><hw>Sec"ond*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Secondaries</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who
occupies a subordinate, inferior, or auxiliary place; a delegate or
deputy; one who is second or next to the chief officer; as, the
<i>secondary</i>, or undersheriff of the city of London.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Old Escalus . . . is thy <i>secondary</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
secondary circle.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
satellite.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A secondary
quill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec"ond-class`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the rank
or degree below the best or highest; inferior; second-rate; as, a
<i>second-class</i> house; a <i>second-class</i> passage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec"ond*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who seconds
or supports what another attempts, affirms, moves, or proposes; as,
the <i>seconder</i> of an enterprise or of a motion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec"ond*hand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not original or primary; received from another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They have but a <i>secondhand</i> or implicit
knowledge.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not new; already or previously possessed or
used by another; as, a <i>secondhand</i> book, garment.</def></p>

<p><col><b>At second hand</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Hand</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 10.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sec"ond*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the second
place.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Se*con"do</hw> (s&esl;*k&obreve;n"d&osl;; It.
s&asl;*k&osl;n"d&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>The second part in a concerted piece.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec"ond-rate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the second
size, rank, quality, or value; as, a <i>second-rate</i> ship;
<i>second-rate</i> cloth; a <i>second-rate</i> champion.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sec"ond-sight`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The power of
discerning what is not visible to the physical eye, or of foreseeing
future events, esp. such as are of a disastrous kind; the capacity of
a seer; prophetic vision.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was seized with a fit of <i>second-
sight</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor less availed his optic sleight,<BR>
And Scottish gift of <i>second-sight</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Trumbull.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sec"ond-sight`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
power of second-sight.</def> [R.] <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"cre</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Secret;
secretive; faithful to a secret.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To be holden stable and <i>secre</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"cre</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A secret.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"cre*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Secrecies</b></plw> (#). [From <u>Secret</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being hidden; as, his
movements were detected in spite of their <i>secrecy</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lady Anne,<BR>
Whom the king hath in <i>secrecy</i> long married.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is concealed; a secret.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Seclusion; privacy; retirement.</def> "The
pensive <i>secrecy</i> of desert cell."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being secretive; fidelity to
a secret; forbearance of disclosure or discovery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is not with public as with private prayer; in this,
rather <i>secrecy</i> is commanded than outward show.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"cre*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Secretly.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"cre*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Secrecy;
privacy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"cret</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>secret</i> (cf.
Sp. & Pg. <i>secreto</i>, It. <i>secreto</i>, <i>segreto</i>), fr. L.
<i>secretus</i>, p. p. of <i>secernere</i> to put apart, to separate.
See <u>Certain</u>, and cf. <u>Secrete</u>, <u>Secern</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Hidden; concealed; as, <i>secret</i> treasure;
<i>secret</i> plans; a <i>secret</i> vow.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>secret</i> things belong unto the Lord our God;
but those things which are revealed belong unto us.</blockquote>
<i>Deut. xxix. 29.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Withdrawn from general intercourse or
notice; in retirement or secrecy; secluded.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There, <i>secret</i> in her sapphire cell,<BR>
He with the Na&iuml;s wont to dwell.</blockquote> <i>Fenton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Faithful to a secret; not inclined to
divulge or betray confidence; secretive.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Secret</i> Romans, that have spoke the word,<BR>
And will not palter.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Separate; distinct.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They suppose two other divine hypostases superior
thereunto, which were perfectly <i>secret</i> from
matter.</blockquote> <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Hidden; concealed; secluded; retired; unseen;
unknown; private; obscure; recondite; latent; covert; clandestine;
privy. See <u>Hidden</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Se"cret</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>secret</i> (cf. Pr.
<i>secret</i>, Sp. & Pg. <i>secreto</i>, It. <i>secreto</i>,
<i>segreto</i>), from L. <i>secretum</i>. See <u>Secret</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something studiously
concealed; a thing kept from general knowledge; what is not revealed,
or not to be revealed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To tell our own <i>secrets</i> is often folly; to
communicate those of others is treachery.</blockquote>
<i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1301 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thing not discovered; what is unknown or
unexplained; a mystery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All <i>secrets</i> of the deep, all nature's
works.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The parts which modesty and
propriety require to be concealed; the genital organs.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In secret</b></col>, <cd>in a private place; in privacy or
secrecy; in a state or place not seen; privately.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Bread eaten <i>in secret</i> is pleasant.</blockquote>
<i>Prov. ix. 17.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"cret</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To keep
secret.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"cret*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A process
in which mercury, or some of its salts, is employed to impart the
property of felting to certain kinds of furs.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sec`re*ta"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a secretary; befitting a secretary.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Secretarial</i>, diplomatic, or other official
training.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sec`re*ta"ri*at</hw> (?), <hw>Sec`re*ta"ri*ate</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>secr&eacute;tariat</i>.] <def>The office
of a secretary; the place where a secretary transacts business, keeps
records, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec"re*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Secretaries</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>secr&eacute;taire</i> (cf.
Pr. <i>secretari</i>, Sp. & Pg. <i>secretario</i>, It.
<i>secretario</i>, <i>segretario</i>) LL. <i>secretarius</i>,
originally, a confidant, one intrusted with secrets, from L.
<i>secretum</i> a secret. See <u>Secret</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> &
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who keeps, or is
intrusted with, secrets.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person employed to write orders, letters,
dispatches, public or private papers, records, and the like; an
official scribe, amanuensis, or writer; one who attends to
correspondence, and transacts other business, for an association, a
public body, or an individual.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That which is most of all profitable is acquaintance
with the <i>secretaries</i>, and employed men of
ambassadors.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An officer of state whose business is to
superintend and manage the affairs of a particular department of
government, and who is usually a member of the cabinet or advisory
council of the chief executive; as, the <i>secretary</i> of state, who
conducts the correspondence and attends to the relations of a
government with foreign courts; the <i>secretary</i> of the treasury,
who manages the department of finance; the <i>secretary</i> of war,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A piece of furniture, with conveniences for
writing and for the arrangement of papers; an escritoire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The secretary
bird.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Secretary bird</b></col>. [So called in allusion to the
tufts of feathers at the back of its head, which were fancifully
thought to resemble pens stuck behind the ear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>A large long-legged raptorial bird (<i>Gypogeranus
serpentarius</i>), native of South Africa, but now naturalized in the
West Indies and some other tropical countries. It has a powerful
hooked beak, a crest of long feathers, and a long tail. It feeds upon
reptiles of various kinds, and is much prized on account of its habit
of killing and devouring snakes of all kinds. Called also <i>serpent
eater</i>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See the Note under <u>Clerk</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</p>

<p><hw>Sec"re*ta*ry*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office,
or the term of office, of a secretary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*crete"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Secreted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Secreting</u>.] [L. <i>secretus</i> separated, secret, hidden, p.
p. of <i>secernere</i>. See <u>Secret</u>, and cf. <u>Discrete</u>,
<u>Discreet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deposit in a place of
hiding; to hide; to conceal; as, to <i>secrete</i> stolen goods; to
<i>secrete</i> one's self.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>To separate from the
blood and elaborate by the process of secretion; to elaborate and emit
as a secretion. See <u>Secretion</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why one set of cells should <i>secrete</i> bile,
another urea, and so on, we do not know.</blockquote>
<i>Carpenter.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To conceal; hide. See <u>Conceal</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Se*cre"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>secretio</i>:
cf. F. <i>s&eacute;cr&eacute;tion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of secreting or concealing; as, the <i>secretion</i> of dutiable
goods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The act of secreting; the
process by which material is separated from the blood through the
agency of the cells of the various glands and elaborated by the cells
into new substances so as to form the various secretions, as the
saliva, bile, and other digestive fluids. The process varies in the
different glands, and hence are formed the various
secretions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Any substance or fluid
secreted, or elaborated and emitted, as the gastric juice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"cret*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dealer in
secrets.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Se`cre*ti"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Parted by
animal secretion; as, <i>secretitious</i> humors.</def>
<i>Floyer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*cret"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
secrete, or to keep secret or private; as, a <i>secretive</i>
disposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*cret"ive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality of being secretive; disposition or tendency to
conceal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phren.)</i> <def>The faculty or propensity
which impels to reserve, secrecy, or concealment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"cret*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a secret
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"cret*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state or quality of being secret, hid, or
concealed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Secretiveness; concealment.</def>
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*cre`to-mo"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Causing secretion; -- said of nerves which go
to glands and influence secretion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*cre"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;cr&eacute;toire</i>. See <u>Secrete</u>.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Secreting; performing, or connected with, the
office of secretion; secernent; as, <i>secretory</i> vessels,
nerves.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A secretory vessel; a
secernent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sect</hw> (s&ebreve;kt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>secare</i>, <i>sectum</i>, to cut.] <def>A cutting; a scion.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sect</hw> (s&ebreve;kt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>secte</i>,
L. <i>secta</i>, fr. <i>sequi</i> to follow; often confused with L.
<i>secare</i>, <i>sectum</i>, to cut. See <u>Sue</u> to follow, and
cf. <u>Sept</u>, <u>Suit</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Those
following a particular leader or authority, or attached to a certain
opinion; a company or set having a common belief or allegiance
distinct from others; in religion, the believers in a particular
creed, or upholders of a particular practice; especially, in modern
times, a party dissenting from an established church; a denomination;
in philosophy, the disciples of a particular master; a school; in
society and the state, an order, rank, class, or party.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He beareth the sign of poverty,<BR>
And in that <i>sect</i> our Savior saved all mankind.</blockquote>
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As of the <i>sect</i> of which that he was born,<BR>
He kept his lay, to which that he was sworn.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The cursed <i>sect</i> of that detestable and false
prophet Mohammed.</blockquote> <i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As concerning this <i>sect</i> [Christians], we know
that everywhere it is spoken against.</blockquote> <i>Acts xxviii.
22.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sec"tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>secare</i>,
<i>sectum</i>, to cut.] <def>One of the portions of space bounded by
the three coordinate planes. Specif. <i>(Crystallog.)</i>, one of the
parts of a crystal into which it is divided by the axial
planes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
a sect, or to sects; peculiar to a sect; bigotedly attached to the
tenets and interests of a denomination; as, <i>sectarian</i>
principles or prejudices.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec*ta"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of a sect; a
member or adherent of a special school, denomination, or religious or
philosophical party; one of a party in religion which has separated
itself from established church, or which holds tenets different from
those of the prevailing denomination in a state.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Heretic</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sec*ta"ri*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or character of a sectarian; devotion to the interests of a
party; excess of partisan or denominational zeal; adherence to a
separate church organization.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec*ta"ri*an*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
imbue with sectarian feelings; to subject to the control of a
sect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec"ta*rism</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sectarianism.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sec"ta*rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sectary.</def> [R.]  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sec"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;<i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sectaries</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>sectaire</i>. See
<u>Sect</u>.] <def>A sectarian; a member or adherent of a sect; a
follower or disciple of some particular teacher in philosophy or
religion; one who separates from an established church; a
dissenter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I never knew that time in England when men of truest
religion were not counted <i>sectaries</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sec*ta"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>sectari</i>, v. intens. fr. <i>sequi</i> to follow. See <u>Sue</u>
to follow.] <def>A follower; a disciple; an adherent to a sect.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sec"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sectilis</i>,
fr. <i>secare</i>, <i>sectum</i>, to cut: cf. F. <i>sectile</i>. See
<u>Section</u>.] <def>Capable of being cut; specifically
<i>(Min.)</i>, capable of being severed by the knife with a smooth
cut; -- said of minerals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec*til"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being sectile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sectio</i>, fr.
<i>secare</i>, <i>sectum</i>, to cut; akin to E. <i>saw</i> a cutting
instrument: cf. F. <i>section</i>. See <u>Saw</u>, and cf.
<u>Scion</u>, <u>Dissect</u>, <u>Insect</u>, <u>Secant</u>,
<u>Segment</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of cutting, or
separation by cutting; as, the <i>section</i> of bodies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A part separated from something; a
division; a portion; a slice.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A distinct part or portion of a book or
writing; a subdivision of a chapter; the division of a law or other
writing; a paragraph; an article; hence, the character &sect;, often
used to denote such a division.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is hardly possible to give a distinct view of his
several arguments in distinct <i>sections</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A distinct part of a country or people,
community, class, or the like; a part of a territory separated by
geographical lines, or of a people considered as distinct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The extreme <i>section</i> of one class consists of
bigoted dotards, the extreme <i>section</i> of the other consists of
shallow and reckless empirics.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>One of the portions, of one square mile
each, into which the public lands of the United States are divided;
one thirty-sixth part of a township. These sections are subdivided
into quarter sections for sale under the homestead and pre&euml;mption
laws.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The figure made up of all
the points common to a superficies and a solid which meet, or to two
superficies which meet, or to two lines which meet. In the first case
the section is a superficies, in the second a line, and in the third a
point.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>A division of a genus;
a group of species separated by some distinction from others of the
same genus; -- often indicated by the sign &sect;.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A part of a musical period,
composed of one or more phrases. See <u>Phrase</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The description or representation of
anything as it would appear if cut through by any intersecting plane;
depiction of what is beyond a plane passing through, or supposed to
pass through, an object, as a building, a machine, a succession of
strata; profile.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In mechanical drawing, as in these Illustrations of a
cannon, a <i>longitudinal section</i> (<i>a</i>) usually represents
the object as cut through its center lengthwise and vertically; a
<i>cross</i> or <i>transverse section</i> (<i>b</i>), as cut crosswise
and vertically; and a <i>horizontal section</i> (<i>c</i>), as cut
through its center horizontally. <i>Oblique sections</i> are made at
various angles. In architecture, a <i>vertical section</i> is a
drawing showing the interior, the thickness of the walls, etc., as if
made on a vertical plane passed through a building.</p>

<p><col><b>Angular sections</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a branch of
analysis which treats of the relations of sines, tangents, etc., of
arcs to the sines, tangents, etc., of their multiples or of their
parts.</cd> [R.] -- <col><b>Conic sections</b></col>. <i>(Geom.)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Conic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Section liner</b></col>
<i>(Drawing)</i>, <cd>an instrument to aid in drawing a series of
equidistant parallel lines, -- used in representing sections.</cd> --
<col><b>Thin section</b></col>, <cd>a section or slice, as of mineral,
animal, or vegetable substance, thin enough to be transparent, and
used for study under the microscope.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Part; portion; division.  -- <u>Section</u>,
<u>Part</u>. The English more commonly apply the word <i>section</i>
to a part or portion of a body of men; as, a <i>section</i> of the
clergy, a small <i>section</i> of the Whigs, etc.  In the United
States this use is less common, but another use, unknown or but little
known in England, is very frequent, as in the phrases "the eastern
<i>section</i> of our country," etc., the same sense being also given
to the adjective <i>sectional</i>; as, <i>sectional</i> feelings,
interests, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Sec"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to a section or distinct part of larger body or
territory; local.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All <i>sectional</i> interests, or party feelings, it
is hoped, will hereafter yield to schemes of ambition.</blockquote>
<i>Story.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of sections, or capable of being
divided into sections; as, a <i>sectional</i> steam boiler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec"tion*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
disproportionate regard for the interests peculiar to a section of the
country; local patriotism, as distinguished from national.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sec"tion*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being sectional; sectionalism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec"tion*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
divide according to geographical sections or local interests.</def>
[U. S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The principal results of the struggle were to
<i>sectionalize</i> parties.</blockquote> <i>Nicolay & Hay (Life of
Lincoln).</i></p>

<p><hw>Sec"tion*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sectional
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec"tion*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form
into sections.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sect"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Devotion to a
sect.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sect"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One devoted to a sect;
a sectary.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sect"i*un`cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little or
petty sect.</def> [R.] "Some new sect or <i>sectiuncle</i>."  <i>J.
Martineau.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sec"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., properly, a cutter,
fr. <i>secare</i>, <i>sectum</i>, to cut: cf. F. <i>secteur</i>. See
<u>Section</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A part of a
circle comprehended between two radii and the included arc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mathematical instrument, consisting of
two rulers connected at one end by a joint, each arm marked with
several scales, as of equal parts, chords, sines, tangents, etc., one
scale of each kind on each arm, and all on lines radiating from the
common center of motion. The sector is used for plotting, etc., to any
scale.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An astronomical instrument, the limb of
which embraces a small portion only of a circle, used for measuring
differences of declination too great for the compass of a micrometer.
When it is used for measuring zenith distances of stars, it is called
a <i>zenith sector</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dip sector</b></col>, <cd>an instrument used for measuring
the dip of the horizon.</cd> -- <col><b>Sector of a sphere</b></col>,
or <col><b>Spherical sector</b></col>, <cd>the solid generated by the
revolution of the sector of a circle about one of its radii, or, more
rarely, about any straight line drawn in the plane of the sector
through its vertex.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sec"tor*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to a sector; as, a <i>sectoral</i> circle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Adapted for cutting.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sectorial, or carnassial, tooth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>secular</i>,
<i>seculer</i>. L. <i>saecularis</i>, fr. <i>saeculum</i> a race,
generation, age, the times, the world; perhaps akin to E. <i>soul</i>:
cf. F. <i>s&eacute;culier</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Coming or
observed once in an age or a century.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>secular</i> year was kept but once a
century.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to an age, or the progress of
ages, or to a long period of time; accomplished in a long progress of
time; as, <i>secular</i> inequality; the <i>secular</i> refrigeration
of the globe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to this present world, or
to things not spiritual or holy; relating to temporal as distinguished
from eternal interests; not immediately or primarily respecting the
soul, but the body; worldly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>New foes arise,<BR>
Threatening to bind our souls with <i>secular</i> chains.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>Not regular; not bound by
monastic vows or rules; not confined to a monastery, or subject to the
rules of a religious community; as, a <i>secular</i> priest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He tried to enforce a stricter discipline and greater
regard for morals, both in the religious orders and the <i>secular</i>
clergy.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to the laity; lay; not
clerical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I speak of folk in <i>secular</i> estate.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Secular equation</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the
algebraic or numerical expression of the magnitude of the inequalities
in a planet's motion that remain after the inequalities of a short
period have been allowed for.</cd> -- <col><b>Secular games</b></col>
<i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i>, <cd>games celebrated, at long but irregular
intervals, for three days and nights, with sacrifices, theatrical
shows, combats, sports, and the like.</cd> -- <col><b>Secular
music</b></col>, <cd>any music or songs not adapted to sacred
uses.</cd> -- <col><b>Secular hymn</b></col> or
<col><b>poem</b></col>, <cd>a hymn or poem composed for the secular
games, or sung or rehearsed at those games.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sec"u*lar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A secular ecclesiastic, or one not bound by
monastic rules.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A church official whose
functions are confined to the vocal department of the choir.</def>
<i>Busby.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A layman, as distinguished from a
clergyman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec"u*lar*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state or quality of being secular; a secular spirit;
secularity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The tenets or principles of the
secularists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec"u*lar*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
theoretically rejects every form of religious faith, and every kind of
religious worship, and accepts only the facts and influences which are
derived from the present life; also, one who believes that education
and other matters of civil policy should be managed without the
introduction of a religious element.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec`u*lar"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.F.
<i>s&eacute;cularit&eacute;</i>, LL. <i>saecularitas</i>.]
<def>Supreme attention to the things of the present life;
worldliness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>secularity</i> of character which makes
Christianity and its principal doctrines distasteful or
unintelligible.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sec`u*lar*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;cularisation</i>.] <def>The act of rendering secular, or
the state of being rendered secular; conversion from regular or
monastic to secular; conversion from religious to lay or secular
possession and uses; as, the <i>secularization</i> of church
property.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1302 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Sec"u*lar*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Secularized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Secularizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;culariser</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To convert from
regular or monastic into secular; as, to <i>secularize</i> a priest or
a monk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To convert from spiritual to secular or
common use; as, to <i>secularize</i> a church, or church
property.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At the Reformation the abbey was
<i>secularized</i>.</blockquote> <i>W. Coxe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make worldly or unspiritual.</def>
<i>Bp. Horsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sec"u*lar*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a secular or
worldly manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec"u*lar*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being secular; worldliness; worldly-mindedness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"cund</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>secundus</i>
following the course or current of wind or water. See <u>Second</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Arranged on one side only, as
flowers or leaves on a stalk.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*cun"date</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>secundatus</i>, p. p. of <i>secundare</i> to direct favorably.]
<def>To make prosperous.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sec`un*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Prosperity.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sec"un*dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>secondine</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The second
coat, or integument, of an ovule, lying within the primine.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the ripened seed the primine and secundine are usually
united to form the testa, or outer seed coat. When they remain
distinct the secundine becomes the mesosperm, as in the castor
bean.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. F. <i>secondines</i>.] <def>The afterbirth,
or placenta and membranes; -- generally used in the plural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*cun`do-gen"i*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>secundus</i> second + <i>genitura</i> a begetting, generation.]
<def>A right of inheritance belonging to a second son; a property or
possession so inherited.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The kingdom of Naples . . . was constituted a
<i>secundo-geniture</i> of Spain.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*cur"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
secured.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*cure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>securus</i>;
pref. <i>se-</i> without + <i>cura</i> care. See <u>Cure</u> care, and
cf. <u>Sure</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Free
from fear, care, or anxiety; easy in mind; not feeling suspicion or
distrust; confident.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But thou, <i>secure</i> of soul, unbent with
woes.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Overconfident; incautious; careless; -- in
a bad sense.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Confident in opinion; not entertaining, or
not having reason to entertain, doubt; certain; sure; -- commonly with
<i>of</i>; as, <i>secure</i> of a welcome.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Confidence then bore thee on, <i>secure</i><BR>
Either to meet no danger, or to find<BR>
Matter of glorious trial.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not exposed to danger; safe; -- applied to
persons and things, and followed by <i>against</i> or
<i>from</i>.</def> "<i>Secure</i> from fortune's blows."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Safe; undisturbed; easy; sure; certain; assured;
confident; careless; heedless; inattentive.</p>

<p><hw>Se*cure"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Secured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Securing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make safe; to relieve
from apprehensions of, or exposure to, danger; to guard; to
protect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I spread a cloud before the victor's sight,<BR>
Sustained the vanquished, and <i>secured</i> his flight.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put beyond hazard of losing or of not
receiving; to make certain; to assure; to insure; -- frequently with
<i>against</i> or <i>from</i>, rarely with <i>of</i>; as, to
<i>secure</i> a creditor against loss; to <i>secure</i> a debt by a
mortgage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>secures</i> its possessor of eternal
happiness.</blockquote> <i>T. Dick.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make fast; to close or confine
effectually; to render incapable of getting loose or escaping; as, to
<i>secure</i> a prisoner; to <i>secure</i> a door, or the hatches of a
ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To get possession of; to make one's self
secure of; to acquire certainly; as, to <i>secure</i> an
estate.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Secure arms</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a command and a
position in the manual of arms, used in wet weather, the object being
to guard the firearm from becoming wet. The piece is turned with the
barrel to the front and grasped by the right hand at the lower band,
the muzzle is dropped to the front, and the piece held with the guard
under the right arm, the hand supported against the hip, and the thumb
on the rammer.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Se*cure"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a secure
manner; without fear or apprehension; without danger;
safely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His daring foe . . . <i>securely</i> him
defied.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*cure"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
securing; protection.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Society condemns the <i>securement</i> in all cases of
perpetual protection by means of perpetual imprisonment.</blockquote>
<i>C. A. Ives.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*cure"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition or
quality of being secure; exemption from fear; want of vigilance;
security.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*cur"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, secures.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sec`u*rif"e*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
L. <i>securis</i> an ax + <i>ferre</i> to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The Serrifera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*cu"ri*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>securis</i>
an ax or hatchet + <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>s&eacute;curiforme</i>.]
<i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>Having the form of an ax or
hatchet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*cu"ri*palp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>securis</i>
ax, hatchet + E. <i>palp</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a
family of beetles having the maxillary palpi terminating in a hatchet-
shaped joint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*cu"ri*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Securities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>securitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;curit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Secure</u>, and cf.
<u>Surety</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The condition or quality of
being secure; secureness.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Freedom from apprehension, anxiety, or care; confidence of power
or safety; hence, assurance; certainty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His trembling hand had lost the ease,<BR>
Which marks <i>security</i> to please.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Hence, carelessness; negligence;
heedlessness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He means, my lord, that we are too remiss,<BR>
Whilst Bolingbroke, through our <i>security</i>,<BR>
Grows strong and great in substance and in power.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Freedom from risk; safety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give up yourself merely to chance and hazard,<BR>
From firm <i>security</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some . . . alleged that we should have no
<i>security</i> for our trade.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which secures or makes safe;
protection; guard; defense.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Something given, deposited, or pledged, to make certain the
fulfillment of an obligation, the performance of a contract, the
payment of a debt, or the like; surety; pledge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those who lent him money lent it on no <i>security</i>
but his bare word.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One who becomes surety for another, or
engages himself for the performance of another's obligation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An evidence of debt or of property, as a
bond, a certificate of stock, etc.; as, government
<i>securities</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Protection; defense; guard; shelter; safety;
certainty; ease; assurance; carelessness; confidence; surety; pledge;
bail.</p>

<p><hw>Se*dan"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Said to be named from
<i>Sedan</i>, in France, where it was first made, and whence it was
introduced into England in the time of King Charles I.] <def>A
portable chair or covered vehicle for carrying a single person, --
usually borne on poles by two men. Called also <i>sedan
chair</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*date"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sedatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>sedare</i>, <i>sedatum</i>, to allay, calm, causative of
<i>sedere</i> to sit. See <u>Sit</u>.] <def>Undisturbed by passion or
caprice; calm; tranquil; serene; not passionate or giddy; composed;
staid; as, a <i>sedate</i> soul, mind, or temper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Disputation carries away the mind from that calm and
<i>sedate</i> temper which is so necessary to contemplate
truth.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whatsoever we feel and know<BR>
Too <i>sedate</i> for outward show.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Settled; composed; calm; quiet; tranquil; still;
serene; unruffled; undisturbed; contemplative; sober; serious.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Se*date"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Se*date"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Se*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sedatio</i>.]
<def>The act of calming, or the state of being calm.</def> [R.]
<i>Coles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sed"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;datif</i>.] <def>Tending to calm, moderate, or
tranquilize</def>; specifically <i>(Med.)</i>, <def>allaying
irritability and irritation; assuaging pain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sed"a*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
remedy which allays irritability and irritation, and irritative
activity or pain.</def> </p>

<p><hw>Se"dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sedens</i>, <i>-
entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>sedere</i> to sit. See <u>Sit</u>.]
<def>Sitting; inactive; quiet.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sed"en*ta*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
sedentary manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sed"en*ta*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being sedentary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sed"en*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sedentarius</i>, fr. <i>sedere</i> to sit: cf. F.
<i>se&eacute;dentaire</i>. See <u>Sedent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Accustomed to sit much or long; as, a <i>sedentary</i> man.</def>
"<i>Sedentary</i>, scholastic sophists."  <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by, or requiring, much
sitting; as, a <i>sedentary</i> employment; a <i>sedentary</i>
life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Any education that confined itself to <i>sedentary</i>
pursuits was essentially imperfect.</blockquote>
<i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Inactive; motionless; sluggish; hence,
calm; tranquil.</def> [R.] "The <i>sedentary</i> earth."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The soul, considered abstractly from its passions, is
of a remiss, <i>sedentary</i> nature.</blockquote>
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Caused by long sitting.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Sedentary</i> numbness."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Remaining in one place,
especially when firmly attached to some object; as, the oyster is a
<i>sedentary</i> mollusk; the barnacles are <i>sedentary</i>
crustaceans.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sedentary spider</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of
a tribe of spiders which rest motionless until their prey is caught in
their web.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Se*de"runt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., they sat, fr.
<i>sedere</i> to sit.] <def>A sitting, as of a court or other
body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is pity we have not Burns's own account of that long
<i>sederunt</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prof. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Acts of sederunt</b></col> <i>(Scots Law)</i>,
<cd>ordinances of the Court of Session for the ordering of processes
and expediting of justice.</cd>  <i>Bell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sedge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>segge</i>, AS.
<i>secg</i>; akin to LG. <i>segge</i>; -- probably named from its
bladelike appearance, and akin to L. <i>secare</i> to cut, E.
<i>saw</i> a cutting instrument; cf. Ir. <i>seisg</i>, W. <i>hesg</i>.
Cf. <u>Hassock</u>, <u>Saw</u> the instrument.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the genus <i>Carex</i>, perennial,
endogenous, innutritious herbs, often growing in dense tufts in marshy
places. They have triangular jointless stems, a spiked inflorescence,
and long grasslike leaves which are usually rough on the margins and
midrib. There are several hundred species.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is sometimes given to any other plant of the order
<i>Cyperace&aelig;</i>, which includes <i>Carex</i>, <i>Cyperus</i>,
<i>Scirpus</i>, and many other genera of rushlike plants.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A flock of
herons.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sedge hen</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the clapper
rail. See under 5th <u>Rail</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sedge
warbler</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small European singing
bird (<i>Acrocephalus phragmitis</i>). It often builds its nest among
reeds; -- called also <i>sedge bird</i>, <i>sedge wren</i>, <i>night
warbler</i>, and <i>Scotch nightingale</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sedged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made or composed of
sedge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With your <i>sedged</i> crowns and ever-harmless
looks.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sedg"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Overgrown with
sedge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On the gentle Severn\'b6s <i>sedgy</i>
bank.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Se*dil"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Sedile</b></singw> (&?;). [L. <i>sedile</i> a seat.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Seats in the chancel of a church near the altar
for the officiating clergy during intervals of service.</def>
<i>Hook.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sed"i*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>s&eacute;diment</i>, L. <i>sedimentum</i> a settling, fr.
<i>sedere</i> to sit, to settle. See <u>Sit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The matter which subsides to the bottom, from water or any other
liquid; settlings; lees; dregs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The material of which
sedimentary rocks are formed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sed`i*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sedimentary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sed`i*men"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;dimentaire</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to sediment; formed
by sediment; containing matter that has subsided.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sedimentary rocks</b></col>. <i>(Geol.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Aqueous rocks</i>, under <u>Aqueous</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sed`i*men*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of depositing a sediment; specifically <i>(Geol.)</i>, the deposition
of the material of which sedimentary rocks are formed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*di"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>sedicioun</i>, OF.  <i>sedition</i>, F. <i>s&eacute;dition</i>, fr.
L. <i>seditio</i>, originally, a going aside; hence, an
insurrectionary separation; pref. <i>se-</i>, <i>sed-</i>, aside +
<i>itio</i> a going, fr. <i>ire</i>, <i>itum</i>, to go.  Cf.
<u>Issue</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The raising of commotion in a
state, not amounting to insurrection; conduct tending to treason, but
without an overt act; excitement of discontent against the government,
or of resistance to lawful authority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In soothing them, we nourish 'gainst our senate<BR>
The cockle of rebellion, insolence, <i>sedition</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Noisy demagogues who had been accused of
<i>sedition</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dissension; division; schism.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Now the works of the flesh are manifest, . . .
emulations, wrath, strife, <i>seditions</i>, heresies.</blockquote>
<i>Gal. v. 19, 20.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Insurrection; tumult; uproar; riot; rebellion;
revolt. See <u>Insurrection</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Se*di"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inciter
or promoter of sedition.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*di"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L.
<i>seditiosus</i>: cf. F. <i>s&eacute;ditieux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to sedition; partaking of the nature of, or
tending to excite, sedition; as, <i>seditious</i> behavior;
<i>seditious</i> strife; <i>seditious</i> words.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disposed to arouse, or take part in,
violent opposition to lawful authority; turbulent; factious; guilty of
sedition; as, <i>seditious</i> citizens.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Se*di"tious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Se*di"tious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sed"litz</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Seidlitz</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*duce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Seduced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Seducing</u> (?).] [L. <i>seducere</i>, <i>seductum</i>; pref.
<i>se-</i> aside + <i>ducere</i> to lead. See <u>Duke</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw aside from the path of rectitude and
duty in any manner; to entice to evil; to lead astray; to tempt and
lead to iniquity; to corrupt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For me, the gold of France did not
<i>seduce</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, to induce to surrender
chastity; to debauch by means of solicitation.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To allure; entice; tempt; attract; mislead; decoy;
inveigle. See <u>Allure</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Se*duce"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of seducing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The means employed to seduce, as flattery,
promises, deception, etc.; arts of enticing or corrupting.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*du"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, seduces; specifically, one who prevails over the chastity of a
woman by enticements and persuasions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He whose firm faith no reason could remove,<BR>
Will melt before that soft <i>seducer</i>, love.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*du"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being seduced; corruptible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*du"cing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Seductive.</def>
"Thy sweet <i>seducing</i> charms." <i>Cowper.</i> --
<wf>Se*du"cing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Se*duc*tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>seductio</i>:
cf. F. <i>s&eacute;duction</i>. <i>See</i> <u>Seduce</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of seducing; enticement to wrong
doing; specifically, the offense of inducing a woman to consent to
unlawful sexual intercourse, by enticements which overcome her
scruples; the wrong or crime of persuading a woman to surrender her
chastity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which seduces, or is adapted to
seduce; means of leading astray; as, the <i>seductions</i> of
wealth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*duc"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to lead
astray; apt to mislead by flattering appearances; tempting; alluring;
as, a <i>seductive</i> offer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This may enable us to understand how <i>seductive</i>
is the influence of example.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*duc"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a seductive
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*duc"tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
seduces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*du"li*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sedulitas</i>. See <u>Sedulous</u>.] <def>The quality or state of
being sedulous; diligent and assiduous application; constant
attention; unremitting industry; sedulousness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The industrious bee, by his <i>sedulity</i> in summer,
lives in honey all the winter.</blockquote> <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sed"u*lous</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sedulus</i>, perhaps from <i>sedere</i> to sit, and so akin to E.
<i>sit</i>.] <def>Diligent in application or pursuit; constant,
steady, and persevering in business, or in endeavors to effect an
object; steadily industrious; assiduous; as, the <i>sedulous</i>
bee.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What signifies the sound of words in prayer, without
the affection of the heart, and a <i>sedulous</i> application of the
proper means that may naturally lead us to such an end?</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Assiduous; diligent; industrious; laborious;
unremitting; untiring; unwearied; persevering.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Sed"u*lous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sed"u*lous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Se"dum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>sedere</i> to sit; so called in allusion to the manner in which the
plants attach themselves to rocks and walls.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of plants, mostly perennial, having succulent leaves and cymose
flowers; orpine; stonecrop.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>See</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>se</i>, <i>see</i>,
OF. <i>se</i>, <i>sed</i>, <i>sied</i>, fr. L. <i>sedes</i> a seat, or
the kindred <i>sedere</i> to sit. See <u>Sit</u>, and cf.
<u>Siege</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A seat; a site; a place where
sovereign power is exercised.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Jove laughed on Venus from his sovereign
<i>see</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> The seat
of episcopal power; a diocese; the jurisdiction of a bishop; as, the
<i>see</i> of New York. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> The seat of an archbishop;
a province or jurisdiction of an archbishop; as, an archiepiscopal
<i>see</i>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> The seat, place, or office of the
pope, or Roman pontiff; as, the papal <i>see</i>. <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
The pope or his court at Rome; as, to appeal to the <i>see</i> of
Rome.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Apostolic see</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Apostolic</u>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1303 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>See</hw> (s&emacr;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Saw</u> (s&add;); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Seen</u> (s&emacr;n); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Seeing</u>.] [OE. <i>seen</i>, <i>sen</i>, <i>seon</i>, AS.
<i>se&oacute;n</i>; akin to OFries. <i>s&imacr;a</i>, D. <i>zien</i>,
OS. & OHG. <i>sehan</i>, G. <i>sehen</i>, Icel. <i>sj&amacr;</i>, Sw.
<i>se</i>, Dan. <i>see</i>, Goth. <i>sa&iacute;hwan</i>, and probably
to L. <i>sequi</i> to follow (and so originally meaning, to follow
with the eyes). Gr. <grk>"e`pesqai</grk>, Skr. <i>sac</i>.  Cf.
<u>Sight</u>, <u>Sue</u> to follow.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
perceive by the eye; to have knowledge of the existence and apparent
qualities of by the organs of sight; to behold; to descry; to
view.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will now turn aside, and <i>see</i> this great
sight.</blockquote> <i>Ex. iii. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To perceive by mental vision; to form an
idea or conception of; to note with the mind; to observe; to discern;
to distinguish; to understand; to comprehend; to ascertain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Go, I pray thee, <i>see</i> whether it be well with thy
brethren.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxxvii. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Jesus <i>saw</i> that he answered
discreetly.</blockquote> <i>Mark xii. 34.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who's so gross<BR>
That <i>seeth</i> not this palpable device?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To follow with the eyes, or as with the
eyes; to watch; to regard attentively; to look after.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I had a mind to <i>see</i> him out, and therefore did
not care for contradicting him.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To have an interview with; especially, to
make a call upon; to visit; as, to go to <i>see</i> a
friend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And Samuel came no more to <i>see</i> Saul until the
day of his death.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. xv. 35.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To fall in with; to meet or associate with;
to have intercourse or communication with; hence, to have knowledge or
experience of; as, to <i>see</i> military service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Make us glad according to the days wherein thou hast
afflicted us, and the years wherein we have <i>seen</i>
evil.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xc. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Verily, verily, I say unto you, if a man keep my
saying, he shall never <i>see</i> death.</blockquote> <i>John viii.
51.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Improvement in wisdom and prudence by <i>seeing</i>
men.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To accompany in person; to escort; to wait
upon; as, to <i>see</i> one home; to <i>see</i> one aboard the
cars.</def></p>

<p><col><b>God you</b></col> (<col><b>him, or me</b></col>, etc.)
<col><b>see</b></col>, <cd>God keep you (him, me, etc.) in his sight;
God protect you.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>To
see</b></col> (anything) <col><b>out</b></col>, <cd>to see (it) to the
end; to be present at, or attend, to the end.</cd> -- <col><b>To see
stars</b></col>, <cd>to see flashes of light, like stars; -- sometimes
the result of concussion of the head.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To see
(one) through</b></col>, <cd>to help, watch, or guard (one) to the end
of a course or an undertaking.</cd></p>

<p><hw>See</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
have the power of sight, or of perceiving by the proper organs; to
possess or employ the sense of vision; as, he <i>sees</i>
distinctly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whereas I was blind, now I <i>see</i>.</blockquote>
<i>John ix. 25.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively: To have intellectual
apprehension; to perceive; to know; to understand; to discern; --
often followed by a preposition, as <i>through</i>, or
<i>into</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For judgment I am come into this world, that they which
<i>see</i> not might <i>see</i>; and that they which <i>see</i> might
be made blind.</blockquote> <i>John ix. 39.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Many sagacious persons will find us out, . . . and
<i>see</i> through all our fine pretensions.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be attentive; to take care; to give
heed; -- generally with <i>to</i>; as, to <i>see</i> to the
house.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>See</i> that ye fall not out by the
way.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xlv. 24.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Let me see</i>, <i>Let us see</i>, are used to express
consideration, or to introduce the particular consideration of a
subject, or some scheme or calculation.</p>

<p><blockquote>Cassio's a proper man, <i>let me see</i> now, -<BR>
To get his place.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>See</i> is sometimes used in the imperative for
<i>look</i>, or <i>behold</i>. "<i>See</i>. <i>see</i>! upon the banks
of Boyne he stands."  <i>Halifax.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To see about a thing</b></col>, <cd>to pay attention to it;
to consider it.</cd> -- <col><b>To see on</b></col>, <cd>to look
at.</cd> [Obs.] "She was full more blissful <i>on to see</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>To see to</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To look at; to behold; to view</cd>. [Obs.] "An altar by Jordan, a
great altar <i>to see to</i>" <i>Josh. xxii. 10.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To take care about; to look after; as, <i>to
see to</i> a fire.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Seed</hw> (s&emacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Seed</b></plw> or <plw><b>Seeds</b></plw> (#). [OE.
<i>seed</i>, <i>sed</i>, AS. <i>s&aemacr;d</i>, fr. <i>s&amacr;wan</i>
to sow; akin to D. <i>zaad</i> seed, G. <i>saat</i>, Icel.
<i>s&amacr;&eth;</i>, <i>s&aelig;&eth;i</i>, Goth.
mana<i>s&emacr;&thorn;s</i> seed of men, world. See <u>Sow</u> to
scatter seed, and cf. <u>Colza</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A ripened ovule, consisting of an embryo with
one or more integuments, or coverings; as, an apple <i>seed</i>; a
currant <i>seed</i>. By germination it produces a new plant.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any small seedlike fruit, though it may
consist of a pericarp, or even a calyx, as well as the seed proper;
as, parsnip <i>seed</i>; thistle <i>seed</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And God said, Let the earth bring forth grass, the herb
yielding <i>seed</i>, and the fruit tree yielding fruit after his
kind, whose <i>seed</i> is in itself.</blockquote> <i>Gen. i.
11.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The seed proper has an outer and an inner coat, and within
these the kernel or nucleus. The kernel is either the embryo alone, or
the embryo inclosed in the albumen, which is the material for the
nourishment of the developing embryo. The scar on a seed, left where
the stem parted from it, is called the <i>hilum</i>, and the closed
orifice of the ovule, the <i>micropyle</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The generative fluid of
the male; semen; sperm; -- not used in the plural.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That from which anything springs; first
principle; original; source; as, the <i>seeds</i> of virtue or
vice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The principle of production.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Praise of great acts he scatters as a <i>seed</i>,<BR>
<i>Which may the like in coming ages breed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Progeny; offspring; children; descendants;
as, the <i>seed</i> of Abraham; the <i>seed</i> of David.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense the word is applied to one person, or to any
number collectively, and admits of the plural form, though rarely used
in the plural.</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Race; generation; birth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of mortal <i>seed</i> they were not held.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Seed bag</b></col> <i>(Artesian well)</i>, <cd>a packing to
prevent percolation of water down the bore hole. It consists of a bag
encircling the tubing and filled with flax seed, which swells when wet
and fills the space between the tubing and the sides of the hole.</cd>
-- <col><b>Seed bud</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the germ or rudiment
of the plant in the embryo state; the ovule.</cd> -- <col><b>Seed
coat</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the covering of a seed.</cd> --
<col><b>Seed corn</b></col>, or <col><b>Seed grain</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>corn or grain for seed.</cd> -- <col><b>Seed
down</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the soft hairs on certain seeds, as
cotton seed.</cd> -- <col><b>Seed drill</b></col>.  <cd>See 6th
<u>Drill</u>, 2 <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>Seed
eater</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any finch of the genera
<i>Sporophila</i>, and <i>Crithagra</i>. They feed mainly on
seeds.</cd> -- <col><b>Seed gall</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any gall which resembles a seed, formed on the leaves of various
plants, usually by some species of Phylloxera.</cd> -- <col><b>Seed
leaf</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a cotyledon.</cd> -- <col><b>Seed
lobe</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a cotyledon; a seed leaf.</cd> --
<col><b>Seed oil</b></col>, <cd>oil expressed from the seeds of
plants.</cd> -- <col><b>Seed oyster</b></col>, <cd>a young oyster,
especially when of a size suitable for transplantation to a new
locality.</cd> -- <col><b>Seed pearl</b></col>, <cd>a small pearl of
little value.</cd> -- <col><b>Seed plat</b></col>, or <col><b>Seed
plot</b></col>, <cd>the ground on which seeds are sown, to produce
plants for transplanting; a nursery.</cd> -- <col><b>Seed
stalk</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the stalk of an ovule or seed; a
funicle.</cd> -- <col><b>Seed tick</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>one of several species of ticks resembling seeds in form and
color.</cd> -- <col><b>Seed vessel</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>that
part of a plant which contains the seeds; a pericarp.</cd> --
<col><b>Seed weevil</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
numerous small weevils, especially those of the genus <i>Apion</i>,
which live in the seeds of various plants.</cd> -- <col><b>Seed
wool</b></col>, <cd>cotton wool not yet cleansed of its seeds.</cd>
[Southern U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Seed</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To sow seed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To shed the seed.</def>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To grow to maturity, and produce
seed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many interests have grown up, and <i>seeded</i>, and
twisted their roots in the crevices of many wrongs.</blockquote>
<i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seed</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Seeded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Seeding</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sprinkle with seed; to
plant seeds in; to sow; as, to <i>seed</i> a field.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover thinly with something scattered;
to ornament with seedlike decorations.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A sable mantle <i>seeded</i> with waking
eyes.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To seed down</b></col>, <cd>to sow with grass
seed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Seed"box`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A capsule.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
plant (<i>Ludwigia alternifolia</i>) which has somewhat cubical or
box-shaped capsules.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seed"cake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sweet cake or
cooky containing aromatic seeds, as caraway.</def>  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seed"cod`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A seedlip.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Seed"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, sows or plants seed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seed`i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being seedy, shabby, or worn out; a state of wretchedness or
exhaustion.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What is called <i>seediness</i>, after a debauch, is a
plain proof that nature has been outraged.</blockquote> <i>J. S.
Blackie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seed"-lac`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A species of
lac. See the Note under <u>Lac</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seed"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without seed or
seeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seed"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant reared from the seed, as distinguished from one propagated by
layers, buds, or the like.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Seed"lip`</hw> (?), <hw>Seed"lop`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>s&aemacr;dle&aacute;p</i>;
<i>s&aemacr;d</i> seed + <i>le&aacute;p</i> basket.] <def>A vessel in
which a sower carries the seed to be scattered.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Seed"man</hw> (?), <def>See <u>Seedsman</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seed"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Seedtime.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seeds"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Seedsmen</b></plw> (-m<i>e</i>n). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
sower; one who sows or scatters seed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>seedsman</i><BR>
Upon the slime and ooze scatters his grain.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person who deals in seeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seed"time`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>s&aemacr;dt&imacr;ma</i>.] <def>The season proper for
sowing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While the earth remaineth, <i>seedtime</i> and harvest,
and cold and heat, and summer and winter, and day and night, shall not
cease.</blockquote>  <i>Gen. viii. 22.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seed"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Seedier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Seediest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Abounding with seeds; bearing seeds; having run to
seeds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a peculiar flavor supposed to be
derived from the weeds growing among the vines; -- said of certain
kinds of French brandy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Old and worn out; exhausted; spiritless;
also, poor and miserable looking; shabbily clothed; shabby looking;
as, he looked <i>seedy</i>; a <i>seedy</i> coat.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Little Flanigan here . . . is a little <i>seedy</i>, as
we say among us that practice the law.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Seedy toe</b></col>, <cd>an affection of a horse's foot, in
which a cavity filled with horn powder is formed between the
lamin&aelig; and the wall of the hoof.</cd></p>

<p><hw>See"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>conj. (but originally a present
participle)</i></pos>. <def>In view of the fact (that);
considering; taking into account (that); insmuch as; since; because; -
- followed by a dependent clause; as, he did well, <i>seeing</i> that
he was so young.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wherefore come ye to me, <i>seeing</i> ye hate
me?</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxvi. 27.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seek</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sick.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seek</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sought</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Seeking</u>.] [OE. <i>seken</i>, AS. <i>s&emacr;can</i>,
<i>s&emacr;cean</i>; akin to OS. <i>s&omacr;kian</i>, LG.
<i>s&ouml;ken</i>, D. <i>zoeken</i>, OHG. <i>suohhan</i>, G.
<i>suchen</i>, Icel. <i>s&aelig;kja</i>, Sw. <i>s&ouml;ka</i>, Dan.
<i>s&ouml;ge</i>, Goth. <i>s&omacr;kjan</i>, and E. <i>sake</i>.  Cf.
<u>Beseech</u>, <u>Ransack</u>, <u>Sagacious</u>, <u>Sake</u>,
<u>Soc</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To go in search of; to look for;
to search for; to try to find.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The man asked him, saying, What <i>seekest</i> thou?
And he said, I <i>seek</i> my brethren.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxxvii.
15, 16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inquire for; to ask for; to solicit; to
beseech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Others, tempting him, <i>sought</i> of him a
sign.</blockquote> <i>Luke xi. 16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To try to acquire or gain; to strive after;
to aim at; as, to <i>seek</i> wealth or fame; to <i>seek</i> one's
life.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To try to reach or come to; to go to; to
resort to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Seek</i> not Bethel, nor enter into
Gilgal.</blockquote> <i>Amos v. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Since great Ulysses <i>sought</i> the Phrygian
plains.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seek</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make search or
inquiry; to endeavor to make discovery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Seek</i> ye out of the book of the Lord, and
read.</blockquote> <i>Isa. xxxiv. 16.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To seek</b></col>, <cd>needing to seek or search; hence,
unprepared.</cd> "Unpracticed, unprepared, and still <i>to seek</i>."
<i>Milton.</i> [Obs.] -- <col><b>To seek after</b></col>, <cd>to make
pursuit of; to attempt to find or take.</cd> -- <col><b>To seek
for</b></col>, <cd>to endeavor to find.</cd> -- <col><b>To seek
to</b></col>, <cd>to apply to; to resort to; to court.</cd> [Obs.]
"All the earth <i>sought to</i> Solomon, to hear his wisdom." <i>1
Kings x. 24.</i> -- <col><b>To seek upon</b></col>, <cd>to make strict
inquiry after; to follow up; to persecute.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>To seek</i><BR>
<i>Upon</i> a man and do his soul unrest.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seek"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who seeks; that which is used in seeking or
searching.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>One of a small heterogeneous
sect of the 17th century, in Great Britain, who professed to be
seeking the true church, ministry, and sacraments.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A skeptic [is] ever seeking and never finds, like our
new upstart sect of <i>Seekers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bullokar.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seek"-no-fur`ther</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
choice winter apple, having a subacid taste; -- formerly called <i>go-
no-further</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seek"-sor`row</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
contrives to give himself vexation.</def> [Archaic.]  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seel</hw> (s&emacr;l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Seeled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Seeling</u>.] [F. <i>siller</i>, <i>ciller</i>, fr. <i>cil</i> an
eyelash, L. <i>cilium</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Falconry)</i>
<def>To close the eyes of (a hawk or other bird) by drawing through
the lids threads which were fastened over the head.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fools climb to fall: fond hopes, like <i>seeled</i>
doves for want of better light, mount till they end their flight with
falling.</blockquote> <i>J. Reading.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to shut or close, as the eyes; to
blind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Come, <i>seeling</i> night,<BR>
Scarf up the tender eye of pitiful day.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Cold death, with a violent fate, his sable eyes did
<i>seel</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seel</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. LG. <i>sielen</i> to
lead off water, F. <i>siller</i> to run ahead, to make headway, E.
<i>sile</i>, v.t.] <def>To incline to one side; to lean; to roll, as a
ship at sea.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Seel</hw> (?), <hw>Seel"ing</hw>, } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The rolling or agitation of a ship in a storm.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>s&aemacr;l</i>, from
<i>s&aemacr;l</i> good, prosperous. See <u>Silly</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Good fortune; favorable opportunity;
prosperity. [Obs.] "So have I <i>seel</i>".</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Time; season; as, hay <i>seel</i>.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Seel"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a silly
manner.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Seel"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Silly</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seem</hw> (s&emacr;m), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Seemed</u> (s&emacr;md); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Seeming</u>.] [OE. <i>semen</i> to seem, to become,
befit, AS. <i>s&emacr;man</i> to satisfy, pacify; akin to Icel.
<i>s&aelig;ma</i> to honor, to bear with, conform to,
<i>s&aelig;mr</i> becoming, fit, <i>s&omacr;ma</i> to beseem, to
befit, <i>sama</i> to beseem, <i>semja</i> to arrange, settle, put
right, Goth. <i>samjan</i> to please, and to E. <i>same</i>. The sense
is probably due to the adj. <i>seemly</i>. &radic;191. See
<u>Same</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Seemly</u>.] <def>To
appear, or to appear to be; to have a show or semblance; to present an
appearance; to look; to strike one's apprehension or fancy as being;
to be taken as.</def> "It now <i>seemed</i> probable."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou picture of what thou <i>seem'st</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All <i>seemed</i> well pleased; all <i>seemed</i>, but
were not all.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a way which <i>seemeth</i> right unto a man;
but the end thereof are the ways of death.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xiv.
12.</i></p>

<p><col><b>It seems</b></col>, <cd>it appears; it is understood as
true; it is said.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>A prince of Italy, <i>it seems</i>, entertained his
mistress on a great lake.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To appear; look.  -- <u>Seem</u>, <u>Appear</u>. To
<i>appear</i> has reference to a thing's being presented to our view;
as, the sun <i>appears</i>; to <i>seem</i> is connected with the idea
of <i>semblance</i>, and usually implies an inference of our mind as
to the probability of a thing's being so; as, a storm <i>seems</i> to
be coming. "The story <i>appears</i> to be true," means that the
facts, as presented, go to show its truth; "the story <i>seems</i> to
be true," means that it has the semblance of being so, and we infer
that it is true. "His first and principal care being to <i>appear</i>
unto his people such as he would have them be, and to be such as he
<i>appeared</i>." <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ham.</i> Ay, madam, it is common.<BR>
<i>Queen</i>.  If it be,<BR>
Why <i>seems</i> it so particular with thee?<BR>
<i>Ham.</i>  <i>Seems</i>, madam! Nay, it is; I know not
"<i>seems</i>."</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seem</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To befit; to
beseem.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seem"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who seems; one
who carries or assumes an appearance or semblance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hence shall we see,<BR>
If power change purpose, what our <i>seemers</i> be.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seem"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a semblance,
whether with or without reality; apparent; specious; befitting; as,
<i>seeming</i> friendship; <i>seeming</i> truth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My lord, you have lost a friend indeed;<BR>
And I dare swear you borrow not that face<BR>
Of <i>seeming</i> sorrow, it is sure your own.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seem"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Appearance; show; semblance; fair appearance;
speciousness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These keep<BR>
<i>Seeming</i> and savor all the winter long.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Apprehension; judgment.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing more clear unto their
<i>seeming</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His persuasive words, impregned<BR>
With reason, to her <i>seeming</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seem"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In appearance; in
show; in semblance; apparently; ostensibly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This the father <i>seemingly</i> complied
with.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seem"ing*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Semblance; fair
appearance; plausibility.</def>  <i>Sir K. Digby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seem"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unseemly.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seem"li*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a seemly
manner.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Seem"li*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being seemly: comeliness; propriety.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1304 !></p>

<p><hw>Seem"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos><u>Seemlier</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Seeliest</u>.] [Icel. <i>s&?;miligr</i>,
fr. <i>s&?;mr</i> becoming, fit; akin to <i>samr</i> same, E.
<i>same</i>; the sense being properly, the same or like, hence,
fitting. See <u>Seem</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>Suited to the
object, occasion, purpose, or character; suitable; fit; becoming;
comely; decorous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had a <i>seemly</i> nose.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am a woman, lacking wit<BR>
To make a <i>seemly</i> answer to such persons.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Suspense of judgment and exercise of charity were safer
and <i>seemlier</i> for Christian men than the hot pursuit of these
controversies.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Becoming; fit; suitable; proper; appropriate;
congruous; meet; decent; decorous.</p>

<p><hw>Seem"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Seemlier</u>; <pos><i>superl.</i></pos>
<u>Seemliest</u>.] <def>In a decent or suitable manner;
becomingly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Suddenly a men before him stood,<BR>
Not rustic as before, but <i>seemlier</i> clad,<BR>
As one in city or court or place bred.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seem"ly*hed</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>-hood</u>.]
<def>Comely or decent appearance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Rom. of R.
Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seen</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>See</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seen</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Versed; skilled;
accomplished.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Well <i>seen</i> in every science that mote
be.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Noble Boyle, not less in nature <i>seen</i>,<BR>
Than his great brother read in states and men.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Seep</hw> (?), or <hw>Sipe</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [AS. <i>s&imacr;pan</i> to distill.] <def>To run or soak
through fine pores and interstices; to ooze.</def> [Scot. & U. S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Water <i>seeps</i> up through the
sidewalks.</blockquote> <i>G. W. Cable.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Seep"age</hw> (?), or <hw>Sip"age</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Water that seeped or oozed through a porous
soil.</def> [Scot. & U. S.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Seep"y</hw> (?), or <hw>Sip"y</hw>  }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Oozy; -- applied to land under cultivation that is not well
drained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seer</hw> (s&emacr;r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sore;
painful.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"er</hw> (s&emacr;"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who sees.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seer</hw> (s&emacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>See</u>.]
<def>A person who foresees events; a prophet.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seer"ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female seer; a
prophetess.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seer"fish`</hw> (-f&ibreve;sh), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A scombroid food fish of Madeira (<i>Cybium
Commersonii</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Seer"hand</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>A kind of muslin of a texture between nainsook and
mull.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seer"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or quality
of a seer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seer"suck`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A light
fabric, originally made in the East Indies, of silk and linen, usually
having alternating stripes, and a slightly craped or puckered surface;
also, a cotton fabric of similar appearance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seer"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sear</u>.]
<def>Dry wood.</def> [Written also <i>searwood</i>.] [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>See"saw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably a
reduplication of <i>saw</i>, to express the alternate motion to and
fro, as in the act of sawing.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A play among
children in which they are seated upon the opposite ends of a plank
which is balanced in the middle, and move alternately up and
down.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A plank or board adjusted for this
play.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A vibratory or reciprocating
motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He has been arguing in a circle; there is thus a
<i>seesaw</i> between the hypothesis and fact.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Whist.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Crossruff</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>See"saw`</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Seesawad</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Seesawing</u>.] <def>To move with a reciprocating motion; to move
backward and forward, or upward and downward.</def></p>

<p><hw>See"saw`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to move
backward and forward in seesaw fashion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>seesaws</i> himself to and fro.</blockquote>
<i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>See"saw`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Moving up and down, or
to and fro; having a reciprocating motion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seet</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Sit</u>.
<def>Sate; sat.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seeth</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Seethe</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seethe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Seethed</u> (?) (<u>Sod</u> (&?;), obs.);
<pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Seethed</u>, <u>Sodden</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Seething</u>.] [OE.
<i>sethen</i>, AS. <i>se&oacute;&?;an</i>; akin to D. <i>sieden</i>,
OHG. <i>siodan</i>, G.  <i>sieden</i>, Icel. <i>sj&?;&?;a</i>, Sw.
<i>sjuda</i>, Dan. <i>syde</i>, Goth. <i>saubs</i> a burnt offering.
Cf. <u>Sod</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Sodden</u>, <u>Suds</u>.]
<def>To decoct or prepare for food in hot liquid; to boil; as, to
<i>seethe</i> flesh.</def> [Written also <i>seeth</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Set on the great pot, and <i>seethe</i> pottage for the
sons of the prophets.</blockquote> <i>2 Kings iv. 38.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seethe</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be a state of
ebullition or violent commotion; to be hot; to boil.</def>  <i>1 Sam.
ii. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A long Pointe, round which the Mississippi used to
whirl, and <i>seethe</i>, and foam.</blockquote> <i>G. W.
Cable.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seeth"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pot for boiling
things; a boiler.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like burnished gold the little <i>seether</i>
shone.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seg</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sedge</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sedge.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The gladen, and other species of
Iris.</def>  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seg</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably from the root of L.
<i>secare</i> to cut.] <def>A castrated bull.</def> [Prov. Eng. &
Scot.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*gar"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cigar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seg"gar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>saggard</i>
a seggar, <i>seggard</i> a sort of riding surtout, contr. fr.
<i>safeguard</i>.] <def>A case or holder made of fire clay, in which
fine pottery is inclosed while baking in the kin.</def> [Written also
<i>saggar</i>, <i>sagger</i>, and <i>segger</i>.]  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Segge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The hedge sparrow.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seg"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>segmentum</i>,
fr. <i>secare</i> to cut, cut off: cf. F. <i>segment</i>. See
<u>Saw</u> a cutting instrument.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the
parts into which any body naturally separates or is divided; a part
divided or cut off; a section; a portion; as, a <i>segment</i> of an
orange; a <i>segment</i> of a compound or divided leaf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A part cut off from a figure
by a line or plane; especially, that part of a circle contained
between a chord and an arc of that circle, or so much of the circle as
is cut off by the chord; as, the <i>segment acb</i> in the
Illustration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A piece
in the form of the sector of a circle, or part of a ring; as, the
<i>segment</i> of a sectional fly wheel or flywheel rim.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A segment gear.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of
the cells or division formed by segmentation, as in egg cleavage or in
fissiparous cell formation.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the
divisions, rings, or joints into which many animal bodies are divided;
a somite; a metamere; a somatome.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Segment gear</b></col>, <cd>a piece for receiving or
communicating reciprocating motion from or to a cogwheel, consisting
of a sector of a circular gear, or ring, having cogs on the periphery,
or face.</cd> -- <col><b>Segment of a line</b></col>, <cd>the part of
a line contained between two points on it.</cd> -- <col><b>Segment of
a sphere</b></col>, <cd>the part of a sphere cut off by a plane, or
included between two parallel planes.</cd> -- <col><b>Ventral
segment</b></col>. <i>(Acoustics)</i> <cd>See <u>Loor</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Seg"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>To divide or separate into parts in growth; to undergo
segmentation, or cleavage, as in the segmentation of the
ovum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seg*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Relating to, or being, a segment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat. & Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Of or pertaining to the segments of animals; as, a
<i>segmental</i> duct; <i>segmental</i> papill&aelig;.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to the segmental
organs.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Segmental duct</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the primitive
duct of the embryonic excretory organs which gives rise to the
Wolffian duct and ureter; the pronephric duct.</cd> --
<col><b>Segmental organs</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<cd>The embryonic excretory organs of vertebrates, consisting
primarily of the segmental tubes and segmental ducts</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>The tubular excretory
organs, a pair of which often occur in each of several segments in
annelids. They serve as renal organs, and often, also, as oviducts and
sperm ducts. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Sipunculacea</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Segmental tubes</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the tubes which
primarily open into the segmental duct, some of which become the
urinary tubules of the adult.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Seg`men*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
process of dividing into segments; specifically <i>(Biol.)</i>, a
self-division into segments as a result of growth; cell cleavage; cell
multiplication; endogenous cell formation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Segmentation cavity</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>the
cavity formed by the arrangement of the cells in segmentation or
cleavage of the ovum; the cavity of the blastosphere. In the gastrula
stage, the segmentation cavity in which the mesoblast is formed lies
between the entoblast and ectoblast. See Illust. of
<u>Invagination</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Segmentation nucleus</b></col>
<i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>the body formed by fusion of the male and female
pronucleus in an impregnated ovum. See the Note under
<u>Pronucleus</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Segmentation of the ovum</b></col>,
or <col><b>Egg cleavage</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>the process by
which the embryos of all the higher plants and animals are derived
from the germ cell. In the simplest case, that of small ova destitute
of food yolk, the ovum or egg divides into two similar halves or
segments (blastomeres), each of these again divides into two, and so
on, thus giving rise to a mass of cells (mulberry mass, or
<i>morula</i>), all equal and similar, from the growth and development
of which the future animal is to be formed. This constitutes
<i>regular segmentation</i>. Quite frequently, however, the equality
and regularity of cleavage is interfered with by the presence of food
yolk, from which results <i>unequal segmentation</i>. See
<u>Holoblastic</u>, <u>Meroblastic</u>, <u>Alecithal</u>,
<u>Centrolecithal</u>, <u>Ectolecithal</u>, and <u>Ovum</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Segmentation sphere</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>the
blastosphere, or morula. See <u>Morula</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Seg"ment*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Divided into
segments or joints; articulated.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Seg"ni*tude</hw> (?), <hw>Seg"ni*ty</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>segnitas</i>, fr. <i>segnis</i> slow,
sluggish.] <def>Sluggishness; dullness; inactivity.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Se"gno</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. See <u>Sign</u>.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A sign. See <u>Al segno</u>, and <u>Dal
segno</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
liliaceous plant (<i>Calochortus Nuttallii</i>) of Western North
America, and its edible bulb; -- so called by the Ute Indians and the
Mormons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seg"re*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>segregatus</i>, p. p. of <i>segregare</i> to separate; pref. <i>se-
</i> aside + <i>grex</i>, <i>gregis</i>, a flock or herd. See
<u>Gregarious</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Separate;
select.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Separated from others of the
same kind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seg"re*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Segregated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Segregating</u>.] <def>To separate from others; to set
apart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They are still <i>segregated</i>, Christians from
Christians, under odious designations.</blockquote> <i>I.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seg"re*gate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>To separate from a mass, and collect together about centers or
along lines of fracture, as in the process of crystallization or
solidification.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seg`re*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>segregatio</i>: cf. F. <i>s&eacute;gr&eacute;gation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of segregating, or the state of being
segregated; separation from others; a parting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Separation from a mass, and
gathering about centers or into cavities at hand through cohesive
attraction or the crystallizing process.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Seiches</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Local oscillations in level observed in the case
of some lakes, as Lake Geneva.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar <i>seyid</i> prince.]
<def>A descendant of Mohammed through his daughter Fatima and nephew
Ali.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seid"litz</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Seidlitz, a village in Bohemia.</def> [Written also
<i>Sedlitz</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Seidlitz powders</b></col>, <cd>effervescing salts,
consisting of two separate powders, one of which contains forty grains
of sodium bicarbonate mixed with two drachms of Rochell&?; salt
(tartrate of potassium and sodium) and the other contains thirty-five
grains of tartaric acid. The powders are mixed in water, and drunk
while effervescing, as a mild cathartic; -- so called from the
resemblance to the natural water of Seidlitz. Called also <i>Rochelle
powders</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Seidlitz water</b></col>, <cd>a natural
water from Seidlitz, containing magnesium, sodium, calcium, and
potassium sulphates, with calcium carbonate and a little magnesium
chloride. It is used as an aperient.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Seigh</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>obs. imp. sing.</i></pos> of
<u>See</u>. <u>Saw</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seign*eu"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>seigneur</i>. See <u>Seignior</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to the lord of a manor; manorial.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Vested with large powers;
independent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seign"ior</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>seignor</i>,
F. <i>seigneur</i>, cf. It. <i>signore</i>, Sp. <i>se&ntilde;or</i>
from an objective case of L. <i>senier</i> elder. See <u>Senior</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A lord; the lord of a manor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A title of honor or of address in the South
of Europe, corresponding to <i>Sir</i> or <i>Mr</i>. in
English.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Grand Seignior</b></col>, <cd>the sultan of
Turkey.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Seign"ior*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>seigneuriage</i>, OF. <i>seignorage</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something claimed or taken by virtue of sovereign prerogative;
specifically, a charge or toll deducted from bullion brought to a mint
to be coined; the difference between the cost of a mass of bullion and
the value as money of the pieces coined from it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If government, however, throws the expense of coinage,
as is reasonable, upon the holders, by making a charge to cover the
expense (which is done by giving back rather less in coin than has
been received in bullion, and is called "levying a
<i>seigniorage</i>"), the coin will rise to the extent of the
<i>seigniorage</i> above the value of the bullion.</blockquote> <i>J.
S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A share of the receipts of a business taken
in payment for the use of a right, as a copyright or a
patent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seign"ior*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a seignior; seigneurial.</def> "Kingly or
<i>seignioral</i> patronage."  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seign"ior*al*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
territory or authority of a seignior, or lord.</def>
<i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seign*io"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Seigneurial</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seign"ior*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lord it
over.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As proud as he that <i>seigniorizeth</i>
hell.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seign"ior*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-ies</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>seignorie</i>, OF.
<i>seigneurie</i>, F. <i>seigneurie</i>; cf. It. <i>signoria</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The power or authority of a lord;
dominion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O'Neal never had any <i>seigniory</i> over that country
but what by encroachment he got upon the English.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The territory over which a lord holds
jurisdiction; a manor.</def> [Written also <i>seigneury</i>, and
<i>seignory</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Seine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>seine</i>, or AS.
<i>segene</i>, b&?;th fr. L. <i>sagena</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;.]
<i>(Fishing.)</i> <def>A large net, one edge of which is provided with
sinkers, and the other with floats. It hangs vertically in the water,
and when its ends are brought together or drawn ashore incloses the
fish.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Seine boat</b></col>, <cd>a boat specially constructed to
carry and pay out a seine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sein"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who fishes with
a seine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sein"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fishing with a
seine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seint</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Cincture</u>.]
<def>A girdle.</def> [Obs.] "Girt with a <i>seint</i> of silk."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seint</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A saint.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sein"tu*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sanctuary.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Seir"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Seerfish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sei"ro*spore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; a
cord + E. <i>spore</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of several spores
arranged in a chain as in certain alg&aelig; of the genus
<i>Callithamnion</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seise</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Seize</u>.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This is the common spelling in the law phrase <i>to be
seised of</i> (an estate).</p>

<p><hw>Sei"sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Seizin</u>.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Seis"mic</hw> (?), <hw>Seis"mal</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>seismo`s</grk> an earthquake, from
<grk>sei`ein</grk> to shake.] <def>Of or pertaining to an earthquake;
caused by an earthquake.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Seismic vertical</b></col>, <cd>the point upon the earth's
surface vertically over the center of effort or focal point whence the
earthquake's impulse proceeds, or the vertical line connecting these
two points.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Seis"mo*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; an
earthquake + <i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An apparatus for
registering the shocks and undulatory motions of
earthquakes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seis`mo*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a seismograph; indicated by a seismograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seis*mog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A writing about, or a description of,
earthquakes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The art of registering the shocks and
undulatory movements of earthquakes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seis`mo*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to seismology.</def> -- <wf>Seis`mo*log"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Seis*mol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; an
earthquake + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science of earthquakes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seis*mom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; an
earthquake + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for
measuring the direction, duration, and force of earthquakes and like
concussions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seis`mo*met"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to seismometry, or seismometer; as, <i>seismometric</i>
instruments; <i>seismometric</i> measurements.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seis*mom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
mensuration of such phenomena of earthquakes as can be expressed in
numbers, or by their relation to the co&ouml;rdinates of
space.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seis"mo*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; an
earthquake + <i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A
seismometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>se</i> one's
self.] <def>Something peculiar to one's self.</def> [R.]
<i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seiz"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
seized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Seized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Seizing</u>.] [OE. <i>seisen</i>, <i>saisen</i>, OF. <i>seisir</i>,
<i>saisir</i>, F. <i>saisir</i>, of Teutonic origin, and akin to E.
<i>set</i>. The meaning is properly, to set, put, place, hence, to put
in possession of. See <u>Set</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fall or rush upon suddenly and lay hold of;
to gripe or grasp suddenly; to reach and grasp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For by no means the high bank he could
<i>seize</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Seek you to <i>seize</i> and gripe into your hands<BR>
The royalties and rights of banished Hereford?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1305 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take possession of by force.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At last they <i>seize</i><BR>
The scepter, and regard not David's sons.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To invade suddenly; to take sudden hold of;
to come upon suddenly; as, a fever <i>seizes</i> a patient.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hope and deubt alternate <i>seize</i> her
seul.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(law)</i> <def>To take possession of by
virtue of a warrant or other legal authority; as, the sheriff
<i>seized</i> the debtor's goods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To fasten; to fix.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As when a bear hath <i>seized</i> her cruel claws<BR>
Upon the carcass of some beast too weak.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To grap with the mind; to comprehend fully
and distinctly; as, to <i>seize</i> an idea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To bind or fasten together
with a lashing of small stuff, as yarn or marline; as, to <i>seize</i>
ropes.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word, by writers on law, is commonly written
<i>seise</i>, in the phrase <i>to be seised of</i> (an estate), as
also, in composition, <i>disseise</i>, <i>disseisin</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>To be seized of</b></col>, <cd>to have possession, or right
of possession; as, A B was <i>seized</i> and possessed <i>of</i> the
manor of Dale.</cd> "Whom age might <i>see seized of</i> what youth
made prize." <i>Chapman.</i> -- <col><b>To seize on</b></col> or
<col><b>upon</b></col>, <cd>to fall on and grasp; to take hold on; to
take possession of suddenly and forcibly.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To catch; grasp; clutch; snatch; apprehend; arrest;
take; capture.</p>

<p><hw>Seiz"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, seizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sei"zin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>saisine</i>. See
<u>Seize</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Possession;
possession of an estate of froehold. It may be either in <i>deed</i>
or in <i>law</i>; the former when there is actual possession, the
latter when there is a right to such possession by construction of
law. In some of the United States <i>seizin</i> means merely
<i>ownership</i>.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of taking possession.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The thing possessed; property.</def>
<i>Sir M. Halle.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Commonly spelt by writers on law <i>seisin</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Livery of seizin</b></col>. <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <cd>See Note
under <u>Livery</u>, 1.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Seiz"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of taking or grasping suddenly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
operation of fastening together or lashing.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The cord or lashing used for such fastening.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sei"zor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One
who seizes, or takes possession.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sei"zure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of seizing, or the state of being seized; sudden and
violent grasp or gripe; a taking into possession; as, the
<i>seizure</i> of a thief, a property, a throne, etc. </def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Retention within one's grasp or power;
hold; possession; ownership.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Make o'er thy honor by a deed of trust,<BR>
And give me <i>seizure</i> of the mighty wealth.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is seized, or taken possession
of; a thing laid hold of, or possessed.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Se"jant</hw>, <hw>Se"jeant</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[F. <i>s&eacute;ant</i>, p. pr. of <i>seoir</i> to sit, L.
<i>sedere</i>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Sitting, as a lion or other
beast.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sejant rampant</b></col>, <cd>sitting with the forefeet
lifted up.</cd>  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*jein"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sejungere</i>; pref. <i>se-</i> aside + <i>jungere</i> to join. See
<u>Join</u>.] <def>To separate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Se*junc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sejunctio</i>. See <u>Sejoin</u>.] <def>The act of disjoining, or
the state of being disjoined.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*jun"gi*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sejoin</u>.] <def>Capable of being disjoined.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seke</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sick.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seke</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos> <def>To seek.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Se"kes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;
a pen, a sacred inclosure, a shrine.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A place in a
pagan temple in which the images of the deities were
inclosed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*la"chi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Selachii. See <i>Illustration</i> in
Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Se*la"chi*i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?; a fish having cartilages instead of bones.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of elasmobranchs including the
sharks and rays; the Plagiostomi. Called also <i>Selacha</i>,
<i>Selache</i>, and <i>Selachoidei</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sel`a*choi"de*i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Selachii</u>, and <u>-oid</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Selachii</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sel`a*chos"to*mi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Selachii</u>, and <u>Stoma</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
division of ganoid fishes which includes the paddlefish, in which the
mouth is armed with small teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sel`a*gi*nel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>selago</i>, <i>-inis</i>, a kind of plant.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of cryptogamous plants resembling Lycopodia, but producing two
kinds of spores; also, any plant of this genus. Many species are
cultivated in conservatories.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"lah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>sel&amacr;h</i>.] <i>(Script.)</i> <def>A word of doubtful meaning,
occuring frequently in the Psalms; by some, supposed to signify
silence or a pause in the musical performance of the song.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beyond the fact that <i>Selah</i> is a musical term, we
know absolutely nothing about it.</blockquote> <i>Dr. W. Smith (Bib.
Dict.)</i></p>

<p><hw>Sel"couth</hw> (s&ebreve;l"k&oomac;th), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[AS. <i>selc&umacr;&eth;</i>, <i>seldc&umacr;&eth;</i>; <i>seld</i>
rare + <i>c&umacr;&eth;</i> known. See <u>Uncouth</u>.] <def>Rarely
known; unusual; strange.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[She] wondered much at his so <i>selcouth</i>
case.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seld</hw> (s&ebreve;ld), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Seldom</u>.] <def>Rare; uncommon; unusual.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seld</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Rarely; seldom.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sel"den</hw> (-s<i>e</i>n), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Seldom.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sel"dom</hw> (-d&ubreve;m), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Usually,
<pos><i>Compar</i></pos>. <u>More seldom</u> (m&omacr;r");
<pos><i>superl</i></pos>. <u>Most seldom</u> (m&omacr;st"); but
sometimes also, <u>Seldomer</u> (-&etilde;r), <u>Seldomest</u>.] [AS.
<i>seldan</i>, <i>seldon</i>, <i>seldum</i>, fr. <i>seld</i> rare;
akin to OFries. <i>sielden</i>, D. <i>zelden</i>, G. <i>selten</i>,
OHG. <i>seltan</i>, Icel. <i>sjaldan</i>, Dan. <i>sielden</i>, Sw.
<i>s&auml;llan</i>, Goth. <i>sildaleiks</i> marvelous.] <def>Rarely;
not often; not frequently.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wisdom and youth are <i>seldom</i> joined in
one.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sel"dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rare;
infrequent.</def> [Archaic.] "A suppressed and <i>seldom</i> anger."
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sel"dom*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Rareness.</def>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seld"seen`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>seldsiene</i>.] <def>Seldom seen.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seld"shewn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Seld</i> +
<i>shown</i>.] <def>Rarely shown or exhibited.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*lect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>selectus</i>, p.
p. of <i>seligere</i> to select; pref. <i>se-</i> aside +
<i>levere</i> to gather. See <u>Legend</u>.] <def>Taken from a number
by preferance; picked out as more valuable or exellent than others; of
special value or exellence; nicely chosen; selected; choice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A few <i>select</i> spirits had separated from the
crowd, and formed a fit audience round a far greater
teacher.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*lect"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Selected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Selecting</u>.] <def>To choose and take from a number; to take by
preference from among others; to pick out; to cull; as, to
<i>select</i> the best authors for perusal.</def> "One peculiar nation
to <i>select</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The pious chief . . . <BR>
A hundred youths from all his train <i>selects</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*lect"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With care and
selection.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Se*lec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>selectio</i>:
cf. F. <i>s&eacute;lection</i>.] . <def>The act of selecting, or the
state of being selected; choice, by preference.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is selected; a collection of
things chosen; as, a choice <i>selection</i> of books.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Natural selection</b></col>. <i>(Biol.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Natural</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Se*lect"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Selecting;
tending to select.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>selective</i> providence of the
Almighty.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*lect"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Selectmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One of a board of town
officers chosen annually in the New England States to transact the
general public business of the town, and have a kind of executive
authority. The number is usually from three to seven in each
town.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The system of delegated town action was then, perhaps,
the same which was defined in an "order made in 1635 by the
inhabitants of Charlestown at a full meeting for the government of the
town, by <i>selectmen</i>;" the name presently extended throughout New
England to municipal governors.</blockquote> <i>Palfrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*lect"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being select.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*lect"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
selects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sel"e*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of selenic acid; -- formerly called also
<i>seleniate</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sel`en*hy"dric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, hydrogen selenide,
H<sub>2</sub>Se, regarded as an acid analogous to sulphydric
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*len"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;l&eacute;nique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining
to selenium; derived from, or containing, selenium; specifically,
designating those compounds in which the element has a higher valence
as contrasted with <i>selenious</i> compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sel"e*nide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
binary compound of selenium, or a compound regarded as binary; as,
ethyl <i>selenide</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sel`e*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Selenium</i> + <i>-ferous</i>. ] <def>Containing, or impregnated
with, selenium; as, <i>seleniferous</i> pyrites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*le"ni*o-</hw> (&?;). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A combining form
(also used adjectively) denoting the <i>presence of selenium</i> or
<i>its compounds</i>; as, <i>selenio</i>-phosphate, a phosphate having
selenium in place of all, or a part, of the oxygen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*le"ni*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;l&eacute;nieux</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining
to, or containing, selenium; specifically, designating those compounds
in which the element has a lower valence as contrasted with
<i>selenic</i> compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sel"e*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of selenious acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sel"e*nite</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>selenites</i>, Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; (sc. &?;&?;&?;), from <grk>selh`nh</grk> the moon. So
called from a fancied resemblance in luster or appearance to the
moon.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of gypsum, occuring in transparent
crystals or crystalline masses.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sel`e*nit"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sel`e*nit"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to selenite;
resembling or containing selenite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*le"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>selh`nh</grk> the moon. So called because of its chemical analogy
to <i>tellurium</i> (from L. <i>tellus</i> the earth), being, as it
were, a companion to it.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A nonmetallic element of
the sulphur group, and analogous to sulphur in its compounds. It is
found in small quantities with sulphur and some sulphur ores, and
obtained in the free state as a dark reddish powder or crystalline
mass, or as a dark metallic-looking substance. It exhibits under the
action of light a remarkable variation in electric conductivity, and
is used in certain electric apparatus. Symbol Se. Atomic weight
78.9.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sel`e*ni"u*ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A selenide.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sel`e*ni"u*ret`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Combined with selenium as in a selenide; as, <i>seleniureted</i>
hydrogen.</def> [Written also <i>seleniuretted</i>.] [Obsoles.]</p>

<p><hw>Se*le`no*cen"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>selh`nh</grk> the moon + E. <i>centric</i>.] <i>(Astron.)</i>
<def>As seen or estimated from the center of the moon; with the moon
central.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*le"no*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A picture or
delineation of the moon's surface, or of any part of it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sel`e*nog"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
skilled in selenography.</def>  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sel`e*no*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sel`e*no*graph"i*cal</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;l&eacute;nographique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
selenography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sel`e*nog"ra*phist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
selenographer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sel`e*nog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
the moon + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>The science that treats of the
physical features of the moon; -- corresponding to <i>physical
geography</i> in respect to the earth.</def> "Accurate
<i>selenography</i>, or description of the moon."  <i>Sir T. Browne.
</i></p>

<p><hw>Sel`e*nol"o*gy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>selh`nh</grk> the moon + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>That branch of
astronomy which treats of the moon.</def> --
<wf>Sel`e*no*log"i*cal</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sel`e*no"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Selen</i>ium
+ sulph<i>onium</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hypothetical radical of
selenium, analogous to sulphonium.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Self</hw> (s&ebreve;lf), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>self</i>,
<i>seolf</i>, <i>sylf</i>; akin to OS. <i>self</i>, OFries.
<i>self</i>, D. <i>zelf</i>, G. <i>selb</i>, <i>selber</i>,
<i>selbst</i>, Dan. <i>selv</i>. Sw. <i>sjelf</i>, Icel.
<i>sj&amacr;lfr</i>, Goth. <i>silba</i>.  Cf. <u>Selvage</u>.]
<def>Same; particular; very; identical.</def> [Obs., except in the
compound selfsame.] "On these <i>self</i> hills."  <i>Sir. W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To shoot another arrow that <i>self</i> way<BR>
Which you did shoot the first.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At that <i>self</i> moment enters Palamon.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Selves</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The individual
as the object of his own reflective consciousness; the man viewed by
his own cognition as the subject of all his mental phenomena, the
agent in his own activities, the subject of his own feelings, and the
possessor of capacities and character; a person as a distinct
individual; a being regarded as having personality.</def> "Those who
liked their real <i>selves</i>."  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A man's <i>self</i> may be the worst fellow to converse
with in the world.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>self</i>, the I, is recognized in every act of
intelligence as the subject to which that act belongs. It is I that
perceive, I that imagine, I that remember, I that attend, I that
compare, I that feel, I that will, I that am conscious.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, personal interest, or love of
private interest; selfishness; as, <i>self</i> is his whole
aim.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Personification; embodiment.</def>
[Poetic.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She was beauty's <i>self</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Self</i> is united to certain personal pronouns and
pronominal adjectives to express emphasis or distinction. Thus, for
emphasis; I <i>myself</i> will write; I will examine for
<i>myself</i>; thou <i>thyself</i> shalt go; thou shalt see for
<i>thyself</i>; you <i>yourself</i> shall write; you shall see for
<i>yourself</i>; he <i>himself</i> shall write; he shall examine for
<i>himself</i>; she <i>herself</i> shall write; she shall examine for
<i>herself</i>; the child <i>itself</i> shall be carried; it shall be
present <i>itself</i>. It is also used reflexively; as, I abhor
<i>myself</i>; thou enrichest <i>thyself</i>; he loves <i>himself</i>;
she admires <i>herself</i>; it pleases <i>itself</i>; we walue
<i>ourselves</i>; ye hurry <i>yourselves</i>; they see
<i>themselves</i>. <i>Himself</i>, <i>herself</i>, <i>themselves</i>,
are used in the nominative case, as well as in the objective. "Jesus
<i>himself</i> baptized not, but his disciples."  <i>John iv.
2.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>self</i> is used in the formation of innumerable
compounds, usually of obvious signification, in most of which it
denotes either the agent or the object of the action expressed by the
word with which it is joined, or the person in behalf of whom it is
performed, or the person or thing to, for, or towards whom or which a
quality, attribute, or feeling expressed by the following word
belongs, is directed, or is exerted, or from which it proceeds; or it
denotes the subject of, or object affected by, such action, quality,
attribute, feeling, or the like; as, <i>self</i>-abandoning,
<i>self</i>-abnegation, self-abhorring, <i>self-absorbed</i>,
<i>self</i>-accusing, <i>self</i>-adjusting, <i>self</i>-balanced,
<i>self</i>-boasting, <i>self</i>-canceled, <i>self</i>-combating,
<i>self</i>-commendation, <i>self</i>-condemned, <i>self</i>-conflict,
<i>self</i>-conquest, <i>self</i>-constituted, <i>self</i>-consumed,
<i>self</i>-contempt, <i>self</i>-controlled, <i>self</i>-deceiving,
<i>self</i>-denying, <i>self</i>-destroyed, <i>self</i>-disclosure,
<i>self</i>-display, <i>self</i>-dominion, <i>self</i>-doomed,
<i>self</i>-elected, <i>self</i>-evolved, <i>self</i>-exalting,
<i>self</i>-excusing, <i>self</i>-exile, <i>self</i>-fed, <i>self</i>-
fulfillment, <i>self</i>-governed, <i>self</i>-harming, <i>self</i>-
helpless, <i>self</i>-humiliation, <i>self</i>-idolized, <i>self</i>-
inflicted, <i>self</i>-improvement, <i>self</i>-instruction,
<i>self</i>-invited, <i>self</i>-judging, <i>self</i>-justification,
<i>self</i>-loathing, <i>self</i>-loving, <i>self</i>-maintenance,
<i>self</i>-mastered, <i>self</i>-nourishment, <i>self</i>-perfect,
<i>self</i>-perpetuation, <i>self</i>-pleasing, <i>self</i>-praising,
<i>self</i>-preserving, <i>self</i>-questioned, <i>self</i>-relying,
<i>self</i>-restraining, <i>self</i>-revelation, <i>self</i>-ruined,
<i>self</i>-satisfaction, <i>self</i>-support, <i>self</i>-sustained,
<i>self</i>-sustaining, <i>self</i>-tormenting, <i>self</i>-troubling,
<i>self</i>-trust, <i>self</i>-tuition, <i>self</i>-upbraiding,
<i>self</i>-valuing, <i>self</i>-worshiping, and many others.</p>

<p><hw>Self`-a*based"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Humbled by
consciousness of inferiority, unworthiness, guilt, or shame.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-a*base"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Degradation of one's self by one's own
act.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Humiliation or abasement proceeding from
consciousness of inferiority, guilt, or shame.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-a*bas"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lowering or
humbling one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ab*hor"rence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Abhorrence of one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ab`ne*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Self-
denial; self-renunciation; self-sacrifice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-abuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The abuse of one's own self, powers, or faculties.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Self-deception; delusion.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Masturbation; onanism; self-
pollution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self"-ac*cused"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Accused by
one's self or by one's conscience.</def> "Die <i>self-accused</i>."
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-act"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Acting of or
by one's self or by itself; -- said especially of a machine or
mechanism which is made to perform of or for itself what is usually
done by human agency; automatic; as, a <i>self-acting</i> feed
apparatus; a <i>self-acting</i> mule; a <i>self-acting</i>
press.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Action by, or
originating in, one's self or itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ac"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Acting of
one's self or of itself; acting without depending on other
agents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ac*tiv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being self-active; self-action.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ad*just"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i>
<def>Capable of assuming a desired position or condition with relation
to other parts, under varying circumstances, without requiring to be
adjusted by hand; -- said of a piece in machinery.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Self-adjusting bearing</b></col> <i>(Shafting)</i>, <cd>a
bearing which is supported in such a manner that it may tip to
accomodate flexure or displacement of the shaft.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ad`mi*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Admiration of one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-af*fairs"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>One's
own affairs; one's private business.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1306 !></p>

<p><hw>Self`-af*fright"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Frightened at or by one's self.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ag*gran"dize*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
aggrandizement of one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-an*ni"hi*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Annihilated by one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-an*ni`hi*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Annihilation by one's own acts; annihilation of one's
desires.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ap*plause"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Applause
of one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ap*ply"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Applying
to or by one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ap*prov"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Approving
one's own action or character by one's own judgment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One <i>self-approving</i> hour whole years
outweighs<BR>
Of stupid starers and of loud huzzas.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-as*sert"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Asserting
one's self, or one's own rights or claims; hence, putting one's self
forward in a confident or assuming manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-as*ser"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of asserting one's self, or one's own rights or claims; the quality of
being self-asserting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-as*sert"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disposed
to self-assertion; self-asserting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-as*sumed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Assumed by
one's own act, or without authority.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-as*sured`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Assured by
or of one's self; self-reliant; complacent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ban"ished</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Exiled
voluntarily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self"-be*got"ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Begotten
by one's self, or one's own powers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self"-born`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Born or
produced by one's self.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Self`-cen"tered</hw>, <hw>Self`-cen"tred</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Centered in itself, or in one's
self.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There hangs the ball of earth and water mixt,<BR>
<i>Self-centered</i> and unmoved.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Self`-cen"ter*ing</hw> (?), <hw>Self`-cen"tring</hw> (?) }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Centering in one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-cen*tra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being self-centered.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-char"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Self-
love.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self"-col`or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A color not
mixed or variegated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-col"ored</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being of a
single color; -- applied to flowers, animals, and textile
fabrics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-com*mand"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Control
over one's own feelings, temper, etc.; self-control.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-com*mune"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Self-
communion.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Self`-com*mu"ni*ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Imparting or communicating by its own powers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-com*mun"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Communion
with one's self; thoughts about one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-com*pla"cen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being self-complacent.</def>  <i>J. Foster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-com*pla"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Satisfied with one's own character, capacity, and doings; self-
satisfied.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con*ceit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Conceit of
one's self; an overweening opinion of one's powers or
endowments.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Egotism</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Self`-con*ceit"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having an
overweening opinion of one's own powers, attainments; vain;
conceited.</def> -- <wf>Self`-con*ceit"ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con*cern"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Concern for
one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con`dem*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Condemnation of one's self by one's own judgment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con"fi*dence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being self-confident; self-reliance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A feeling of <i>self-confidence</i> which supported and
sustained him.</blockquote> <i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con"fi*dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Confident
of one's own strength or powers; relying on one's judgment or ability;
self-reliant.</def> -- <wf>Self`-con"fi*dent*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con"ju*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>Having the two things that are conjugate parts of the same
figure; as, <i>self-conjugate</i> triangles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con"scious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Conscious of one's acts or state as belonging
to, or originating in, one's self.</def> "My <i>self-conscious</i>
worth."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conscious of one's self as an object of the
observation of others; as, the speaker was too <i>self-
conscious</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con"scious*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being self-conscious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con*sid"er*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Considering in one's own mind; deliberating.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con*sist"en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being self-consistent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con*sist"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Consistent with one's self or with itself; not deviation from the
ordinary standard by which the conduct is guided; logically consistent
throughout; having each part consistent with the rest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con*sum"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consuming
one's self or itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con*tained"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having self-control; reserved;
uncommunicative; wholly engrossed in one's self.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>Having all the essential
working parts connected by a bedplate or framework, or contained in a
case, etc., so that mutual relations of the parts do not depend upon
fastening outside of the machine itself.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Self-contained steam engine</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A steam engine having both bearings for the crank shaft attached
to the frame of the engine</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A steam
engine and boiler combined and fastened together; a portable steam
engine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con`tra*dic"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of contradicting one's self or itself; repugnancy in conceptions
or in terms; a proposition consisting of two members, one of which
contradicts the other; as, to be and not to be at the same time is a
<i>self-contradiction</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con`tra*dict"o*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Contradicting one's self or itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con*trol"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Control of
one's self; restraint exercised over one's self; self-
command.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con*vict"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Convicted
by one's own consciousness, knowledge, avowal, or acts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con*vic"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of convicting one's self, or the state of being self-
convicted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-cre*at"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Created by
one's self; not formed or constituted by another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-cul"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Culture,
training, or education of one's self by one's own efforts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*ceit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
deceiving one's self, or the state of being self-deceived; self-
deception.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*ceived"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deceived
or misled respecting one's self by one's own mistake or
error.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*cep"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Self-
deceit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*fence"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Self-defense</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*fense"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
defending one's own person, property, or reputation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In self-defense</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>in protection
of self, -- it being permitted in law to a party on whom a grave wrong
is attempted to resist the wrong, even at the peril of the life of the
assailiant.</cd>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*fen"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Defending, or tending to defend, one's own person, property, or
reputation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-deg`ra*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of degrading one's self, or the state of being so
degraded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Accusation
of one's self.</def> [R.]  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*lu"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
deluding one's self, or the state of being thus deluded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*ni"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The denial
of one's self; forbearing to gratify one's own desires; self-
sacrifice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*ny"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Refusing to
gratify one's self; self-sacrificing.</def> -- <wf>Self`-
de*ny"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*pend"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dependent
on one's self; self-depending; self-reliant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*pend"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Depending on
one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*praved"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Corrupted
or depraved by one's self.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*stroy"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
destroys himself; a suicide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*struc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
destruction of one's self; self-murder; suicide.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*struc"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Destroying, or tending to destroy, one's self or itself;
rucidal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*ter`mi*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Determination by one's self; or, determination of one's acts or
states without the necessitating force of motives; -- applied to the
voluntary or activity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*ter"min*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of self-determination; as, the <i>self-determining</i>
power of will.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*vised"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Devised by
one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*vot"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Devoted in
person, or by one's own will.</def>  <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*vote"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Self-
devotion.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*vo"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
devoting one's self, or the state of being self-devoted; willingness
to sacrifice one's own advantage or happiness for the sake of others;
self-sacrifice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*vour"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Devouring
one's self or itself.</def>  <i>Danham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-dif*fu"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
power to diffuse itself; diffusing itself.</def>  <i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-dis"ci*pline</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Correction or government of one's self for the sake of
improvement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-dis*trust"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
confidence in one' self; diffidence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ed"u*ca`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Educated
by one's own efforts, without instruction, or without pecuniary
assistance from others.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-e*lect"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
right of electing one's self, or, as a body, of electing its own
members.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-en*joy"ment</hw>, (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Enjoyment
of one's self; self-satisfaction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-es*teem"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The holding
a good opinion of one's self; self-complacency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-es`ti*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of estimating one's self; self-esteem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ev"i*dence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being self-evident.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ev"i*dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Evident
without proof or reasoning; producing certainty or conviction upon a
bare presentation to the mind; as, a <i>self-evident</i> proposition
or truth.</def> -- <wf>Self`-ev"i*dent*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ev`o*lu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Evolution of one's self; development by inherent quality or
power.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ex`al*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of exalting one's self, or the state of being so exalted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ex*am"i*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
examines himself; one given to self-examination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The humiliated <i>self-examinant</i> feels that there
is evil in our nature as well as good.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ex*am`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
examination into one's own state, conduct, and motives, particularly
in regard to religious feelings and duties.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ex*ist"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Inherent
existence; existence possessed by virtue of a being's own nature, and
independent of any other being or cause; -- an attribute peculiar to
God.</def>  <i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ex*ist"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Existing
of or by himself, independent of any other being or cause; -- as, God
is the only <i>self-existent</i> being.</def></p>

<p><hw>self`-ex*plain"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Explaining itself; capable of being understood without
explanation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ex*po"sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
exposing one's self; the state of being so exposed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-fer`ti*li*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The fertilization of a flower by pollen from the
same flower and without outer aid; autogamy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-fer"ti*lized</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Fertilized by pollen from the same flower.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-glo"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Springing
from vainglory or vanity; vain; boastful.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-gov"ern*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of governing one's self, or the state
of being governed by one's self; self-control; self-command.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, government of a community, state, or
nation by the joint action of the mass of people constituting such a
civil body; also, the state of being so governed; democratic
government; democracy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is to <i>self-government</i>, the great principle of
popular representation and administration, -- the system that lets in
all to participate in the councels that are to assign the good or evil
to all, -- that we may owe what we are and what we hope to
be.</blockquote> <i>D. Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-grat`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Gratulation of one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-heal"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
blue-flowered labiate plant (<i>Brunella vulgaris</i>); the
healall.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-heal"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
power or property of healing itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-help"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
aiding one's self, without depending on the aid of others.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-hom"i*cide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
killing one's self; suicide.</def>  <i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self"hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Existence as a
separate self, or independent person; conscious personality;
individuality.</def>  <i>Bib. Sacra.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ig"no*rance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ignorance
of one's own character, powers, and limitations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ig"no*rant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ignorant
of one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-im*part"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Imparting
by one's own, or by its own, powers and will.</def>
<i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-im*por"tance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
exaggerated estimate of one's own importance or merit, esp. as
manifested by the conduct or manners; self-conceit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-im*por"tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having or
manifesting an exaggerated idea of one's own importance or
merit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-im*posed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Voluntarily
taken on one's self; as, <i>self-imposed</i> tasks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-im*pos"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Imposture
practiced on one's self; self-deceit.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-in`dig*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Indignation at one's own character or actions.</def>
<i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-in*dul"gence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Indulgence of one's appetites, desires, or inclinations; -- the
opposite of <i>self-restraint</i>, and <i>self-denial</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-in*dul"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Indulging
one's appetites, desires, etc., freely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-in"ter*est</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Private
interest; the interest or advantage of one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-in"ter*est*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Particularly concerned for one's own interest or
happiness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-in`vo*lu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Involution in one's self; hence, abstraction of thought;
reverie.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Caring supremely or unduly for one's self; regarding one's own
comfort, advantage, etc., in disregard, or at the expense, of those of
others.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They judge of things according to their own private
appetites and <i>selfish</i> passions.</blockquote>
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In that throng of <i>selfish</i> hearts
untrue.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Ethics)</i> <def>Believing or teaching that
the chief motives of human action are derived from love of
self.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hobbes and the <i>selfish</i> school of
philosophers.</blockquote> <i>Fleming.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self"ish*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a selfish
manner; with regard to private interest only or chiefly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self"ish*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being selfish; exclusive regard to one's own interest or
happiness; that supreme self-love or self-preference which leads a
person to direct his purposes to the advancement of his own interest,
power, or happiness, without regarding those of others.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Selfishness</i>, -- a vice utterly at variance with
the happiness of him who harbors it, and, as such, condemned by self-
love.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Mackintosh.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Self-love</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Self"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Concentration of
one's interests on one's self; self-love; selfishness.</def>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A selfish
person.</def> [R.]  <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-jus"ti*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
excuses or justifies himself.</def>  <i>J. M. Mason.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-kin"dled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Kindled of
itself, or without extraneous aid or power.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-know"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Knowing one's self, or one's own character,
powers, and limitations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Knowing of itself, without help from
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-knowl"edge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Knowledge
of one's self, or of one's own character, powers, limitations,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no regard to
self; unselfish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lo now, what hearts have men! they never mount<BR>
As high as woman in her <i>selfless</i> mood.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self"less*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state
of being selfless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self"-life`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Life for one's
self; living solely or chiefly for one's own pleasure or
good.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-love`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The love of
one's self; desire of personal happiness; tendency to seek one's own
benefit or advantage.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Self-love</i>, the spring of motion, acts the
soul.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Selfishness.  -- <u>Self-love</u>,
<u>Selfishness</u>. The term <i>self-love</i> is used in a twofold
sense: 1. It denotes that longing for <i>good</i> or for <i>well-
being</i> which actuates the breasts of all, entering into and
characterizing every special desire. In this sense it has no moral
quality, being, from the nature of the case, neither good nor evil. 2.
It is applied to a voluntary regard for the gratification of special
desires. In this sense it is morally good or bad according as these
desires are conformed to duty or opposed to it. <i>Selfishness</i> is
always voluntary and always wrong, being that regard to our own
interests, gratification, etc., which is sought or indulged at the
expense, and to the injury, of others. "So long as <i>self-love</i>
does not degenerate into <i>selfishness</i>, it is quite compatible
with true benevolence." <i>Fleming.</i> "Not only is the phrase
<i>self-love</i> used as synonymous with the desire of happiness, but
it is often confounded with the word <i>selfishness</i>, which
certainly, in strict propriety, denotes a very different disposition
of mind." <i>Slewart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-lu"mi*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Possessing
in itself the property of emitting light.</def>  <i>Sir D.
Brewster.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1307 !></p>

<p><hw>Self"-made`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made by one's
self.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Self-made man</b></col>, <cd>a man who has risen from
poverty or obscurity by means of his own talents or energies.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Self"-met`tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Inborn mettle
or courage; one's own temper.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-mo"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Motion given
by inherent power, without external impulse; spontaneous or voluntary
motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Matter is not induced with <i>self-
motion</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-moved"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Moved by
inherent power., without the aid of external impulse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-mov"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Moving by
inherent power, without the aid of external impulse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-mur"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Suicide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-mur"der*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
suicide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-neg*lect"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
neglecting of one's self, or of one's own interests.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Self-love, my liege, is not so vile a sin<BR>
As <i>self-neglecting</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Selfishness.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir. P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-one"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Secret.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-o*pin"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Opinion,
especially high opinion, of one's self; an overweening estimate of
one's self or of one's own opinion.</def>  <i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-o*pin"ioned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
high opinion of one's self; opinionated; conceited.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-o*rig"i*na`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Beginning with, or springing from, one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-par`ti*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That
partiality to himself by which a man overrates his own worth when
compared with others.</def>  <i>Kames.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-per*plexed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Perplexed
by doubts originating in one's own mind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-pos"it*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disposed or
arranged by an action originating in one's self or in
itself.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These molecular blocks of salt are <i>self-
posited</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-pos"it*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>The act of
disposing or arranging one's self or itself.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>self-positing</i> of the molecules.</blockquote>
<i>R. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self"-pos*sessed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Composed
or tranquil in mind, manner, etc.; undisturbed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-pos*ses"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
possession of one's powers; calmness; self-command; presence of mind;
composure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self"-praise`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Praise of
one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-pres`er*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
preservation of one's self from destruction or injury.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-prop"a*ga`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Propagating by one's self or by itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-reg"is*ter*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Registering itself; -- said of any instrument so contrived as to
record its own indications of phenomena, whether continuously or at
stated times, as at the maxima and minima of variations; as, a
<i>self-registering</i> anemometer or barometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-reg"u*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Regulated by one's self or by itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-reg"u*la*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending
or serving to regulate one's self or itself.</def>
<i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*li"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Reliance
on one's own powers or judgment; self-trust.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*li"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Reliant
upon one's self; trusting to one's own powers or judgment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*nun`ci*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of renouncing, or setting aside, one's own wishes, claims, etc.;
self-sacrifice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*pel"len*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being self-repelling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*pel"ling</hw>, (&?;) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made up
of parts, as molecules or atoms, which mutually repel each other; as,
gases are <i>self-repelling</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Self`-rep`e*ti"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Repetition of one's self or of one's acts; the saying or doing
what one has already said or done.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*proach"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
reproaching one's self; censure by one's own conscience.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*proached"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Reproached by one's own conscience or judgment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*proach"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Reproaching one's self.</def> -- <wf>Self`-re*proach"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*proof"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
reproving one's self; censure of one's conduct by one's own
judgment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*proved"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Reproved
by one's own conscience or one's own sense of guilt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*prov"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Reproving
one's self; reproving by consciousness of guilt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*prov"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
self-reproving way.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*pug"nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Self-
contradictory; inconsistent.</def>  <i>Brougham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*pul"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Self-
repelling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*spect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Respect for
one's self; regard for one's character; laudable self-
esteem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*strained"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Restrained by one's self or itself; restrained by one's own power
or will.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*straint"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Restraint
over one's self; self-control; self-command.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-rev"er*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
reverent respect for one's self.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-right"eous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Righteous
in one's own esteem; pharisaic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-right"eous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being self-righteous; pharisaism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-sac"ri*fice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of sacrificing one's self, or one's interest, for others; self-
devotion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-sac"ri*fi`cing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Yielding up one's own interest, feelings, etc; sacrificing one's
self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self"same</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Self</i>, a. +
<i>same</i>.] <def>Precisely the same; the very same;
identical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His servant was healed in the <i>selfsame</i>
hour.</blockquote> <i>Matt. viii. 13.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-sat`is*fac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being self-satisfied.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-sat"is*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Satisfied
with one's self or one's actions; self-complacent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-sat"is*fy`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Giving
satisfaction to one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self"-seek`er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who seeks
only his own interest, advantage, or pleasure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self"-seek`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Seeking one's
own interest or happiness; selfish.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self"-seek`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or habit
of seeking one's own interest or happiness; selfishness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-slaugh"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Suicide.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-suf*fi"cien*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being self-sufficient.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-suf*fi"cient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sufficient for one's self without external aid
or co&ouml;peration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Neglect of friends can never be proved rational till we
prove the person using it omnipotent and <i>self-sufficient</i>, and
such as can never need any mortal assistance.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having an overweening confidence in one's
own abilities or worth; hence, haughty; overbearing.</def> "A rash and
<i>self-sufficient</i> manner."  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-suf*fi"cing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sufficing
for one's self or for itself, without needing external aid; self-
sufficient.</def> -- <wf>Self`-suf*fi"cing*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-sus*pend"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Suspended
by one's self or by itself; balanced.</def>  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-sus*pi"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Suspicious or distrustful of one's self.</def>
<i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self"-taught`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Taught by
one's own efforts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-tor*ment"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
torments himself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-tor"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
inflicting pain on one's self; pain inflicted on one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self"-trust`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Faith in one's
self; self-reliance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-uned"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [E. <i>self</i> + L.
<i>unus</i> one.] <def>One with itself; separate from others.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self"-view`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A view of one's
self; specifically, carefulness or regard for one's own
interests.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-will"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>selfwill</i>.] <def>One's own will, esp. when opposed to that of
others; obstinacy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-willed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Governed by
one's own will; not yielding to the wishes of others;
obstinate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-willed"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Obstinacy.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self"-wor`ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
idolizing of one's self; immoderate self-conceit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self"-wrong`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wrong done by
a person himself.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sel"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>seillon</i> a
measure of land, F. <i>sillon</i> a ridge, furrow, LL. <i>selio</i> a
measure of land.] <def>A short piece of land in arable ridges and
furrows, of uncertain quantity; also, a ridge of land lying between
two furrows.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sel*juk"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to <i>Seljuk</i>, a Tartar chief who embraced
Mohammedanism, and began the subjection of Western Asia to that faith
and rule; of or pertaining to the dynasty founded by him, or the
empire maintained by his descendants from the 10th to the 13th
century.</def>  <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sel*juk"i*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of the
family of <i>Seljuk</i>; an adherent of that family, or subject of its
government; (<i>pl.</i>) the dynasty of Turkish sultans sprung from
Seljuk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sell</hw> (s&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Self.</def>
[Obs. or Scot.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sell</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sill.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sell</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cell; a house.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sell</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>selle</i>, L.
<i>sella</i>, akin to <i>sedere</i> to sit. See <u>Sit</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A saddle for a horse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He left his lofty steed with golden
<i>self</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A throne or lofty seat.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sell</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sold</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Selling</u>.] [OE. <i>sellen</i>, <i>sillen</i>, AS. <i>sellan</i>,
<i>syllan</i>, to give, to deliver; akin to OS. <i>sellian</i>,
OFries. <i>sella</i>, OHG. <i>sellen</i>, Icel. <i>selja</i> to hand
over, to sell, Sw. <i>s&auml;lja</i> to sell, Dan. <i>s&?;lge</i>,
Goth. <i>saljan</i> to offer a sacrifice; all from a noun akin to E.
<i>sale</i>.  Cf. <u>Sale</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To transfer to
another for an equivalent; to give up for a valuable consideration; to
dispose of in return for something, especially for money.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If thou wilt be perfect, go and <i>sell</i> that thou
hast, and give to the poor.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xix. 21.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am changed; I'll go <i>sell</i> all my
land.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sell</i> is corellative to <i>buy</i>, as one party
<i>buys</i> what the other <i>sells</i>. It is distinguished usually
from <i>exchange</i> or <i>barter</i>, in which one commodity is given
for another; whereas in <i>selling</i> the consideration is usually
money, or its representative in current notes.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a matter of bargain and sale of; to
accept a price or reward for, as for a breach of duty, trust, or the
like; to betray.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You would have <i>sold</i> your king to
slaughter.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To impose upon; to trick; to deceive; to
make a fool of; to cheat.</def> [Slang]  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To sell one's life dearly</b></col>, <cd>to cause much loss
to those who take one's life, as by killing a number of one's
assailants.</cd> -- <col><b>To sell</b></col> (anything)
<col><b>out</b></col>, <cd>to dispose of it wholly or entirely; as, he
had <i>sold out</i> his corn, or his interest in a business.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sell</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
practice selling commodities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will buy with you, <i>sell</i> with you; . . . but I
will not eat with you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be sold; as, corn <i>sells</i> at a good
price.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To sell out</b></col>, <cd>to sell one's whole stockk in
trade or one's entire interest in a property or a business.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sell</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An imposition; a cheat; a
hoax.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sel"lan*ders</hw> (?), <hw>Sel"len*ders</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>See
<u>Sallenders</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sell"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
sells.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sel"ters wa"ter</hw> (?). <def>A mineral water from
<i>Sellers</i>, in the district of Nassan, Germany, containing much
free carbonic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Selt"zer wa"ter</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Selters
water</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Selt"zo-gene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Seltzer</i>
water + the root of Gr. &?;&?;&?; to be born.] <def>A
gazogene.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sel"vage</hw>, <hw>Sel"vedge</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Self</i> + <i>edge</i>, i. e., its own proper
edge; cf. OD. <i>selfegge</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The edge of
cloth which is woven in such a manner as to prevent
raveling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The edge plate of a lock, through which the
bolt passes.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining.)</i> <def>A layer of clay or
decomposed rock along the wall of a vein. See <u>Gouge</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sel"vaged</hw>,  <hw>Sel"vedged</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a selvage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sel`va*gee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A skein or hank of rope yarns wound round with yarns or marline,
-- used for stoppers, straps, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Selve</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Self; same.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Selves</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Self</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Silly.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer. Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Se*m&aelig;`o*stom"a*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; a military standard + &?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;,
mouth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Discophora having large
free mouth lobes. It includes <i>Aurelia</i>, and <i>Pelagia</i>.
Called also <i>Semeostoma</i>. See <i>Illustr</i>. under
<u>Discophora</u>, and <u>Medusa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"a*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sh^ma</grk> a sign + <grk>fe`rein</grk> to bear: cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;maphore</i>.] <def>A signal telegraph; an apparatus for
giving signals by the disposition of lanterns, flags, oscillating
arms, etc.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sem`a*phor"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sem`a*phor"ic*al</hw> (?) }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>s&eacute;maphorique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to a semaphore, or semaphores; telegraphic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`a*phor"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By means
of a semaphore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*maph"o*rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
manages or operates a semaphore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`a*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sh^ma</grk>, <grk>sh`matos</grk>, sign + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The
doctrine of signs as the expression of thought or reasoning; the
science of indicating thought by signs.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"a*trope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sh^ma</grk> sign + <grk>tre`pein</grk> to turn. ] <def>An
instrument for signaling by reflecting the rays of the sun in
different directions.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"bla*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., from
<i>sembler</i> to seem, resemble, L. <i>similare</i>, <i>simulare</i>.
See <u>Simulate</u>.] <def>Like; similar; resembling.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"bla*ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Likeness;
representation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sem"bla*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In like
manner.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"blance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Semblable</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Seeming; appearance; show; figure; form.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thier <i>semblance</i> kind, and mild their gestures
were.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Likeness; resemblance, actual or apparent;
similitude; as, the <i>semblance</i> of worth; <i>semblance</i> of
virtue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Only <i>semblances</i> or imitations of
shells.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"blant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>semblant</i>,
p. pr.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Like; resembling.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Seeming, rather than real; apparent.</def>
[R.]  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"blant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Show; appearance; figure; semblance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His flatterers made <i>semblant</i> of
weeping.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The face.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif (Luke
xxiv. 5).</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"bla*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Resembling.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And all is <i>semblative</i> a woman's
part.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F. <i>sembler</i>.
See <u>Semblable</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
imitate; to make a representation or likeness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Where <i>sembling</i> art may carve the fair
effect.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>It seems; -- chiefly used
impersonally in reports and judgments to express an opinion in
reference to the law on some point not necessary to be decided, and
not intended to be definitely settled in the cause.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"ble</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like; resembling.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>T. Hudson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"bling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Assemble</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The practice of attracting the males of
Lepidoptera or other insects by exposing the female confined in a
cage.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is often adopted by collectors in order to procure
specimens of rare species.</p>

<p><hw>||Se*m&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sem&eacute;</i>, fr. <i>semer</i> to sow.] <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Sprinkled or sown; -- said of field, or a charge, when strewed or
covered with small charges.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Se`mei*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), or <hw>Se`mi*og"ra*phy</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>shmei^on</grk> sign + <i>-graphy</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A description of the signs of disease.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Se`mei*o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), or <hw>Se`mi*o*log"io*al</hw>
}, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the science of signs,
or the systematic use of signs; as, a <i>semeiological</i>
classification of the signs or symptoms of disease; a
<i>semeiological</i> arrangement of signs used as signals.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Se`mei*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), or <hw>Se`mi*ol"o*gy</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>shmei^on</grk> a mark, a sign + <i>-
logy</i>.] <def>The science or art of signs.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The science of the signs or
symptoms of disease; symptomatology.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The art of using signs in signaling.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Se`mei*ot"ic</hw> (?), or <hw>Se`mi*ot"ic</hw>  },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;, fr. <grk>shmei^on</grk> a
mark, a sign.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to signs or
indications; pertaining to the language of signs, or to language
generally as indicating thought.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the signs
or symptoms of diseases.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Se`mei*ot"ics</hw> (?), or <hw>Se`mi*ot"ics</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Semeiology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"e*le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?;.] <i>(Gr. Myth.)</i> <def>A daughter of Cadmus, and by Zeus
mother of Bacchus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Se"men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Semina</b></plw> (#). [L., from the root of <i>serere</i>,
<i>satum</i>, to sow. See <u>Sow</u> to scatter seed.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The seed of plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The seed or fecundating
fluid of male animals; sperm. It is a white or whitish viscid fluid
secreted by the testes, characterized by the presence of spermatozoids
to which it owes its generative power.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Semen contra</b></col>, or <col><b>Semen cin&aelig; or
cyn&aelig;</b></col>, <cd>a strong aromatic, bitter drug, imported
from Aleppo and Barbary, said to consist of the leaves, peduncles, and
unexpanded flowers of various species of <i>Artemisia</i>;
wormseed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sem`e*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Seminiferous.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1308 !></p>

<p><hw>Se*mes"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., from L.
<i>semestris</i> half-yearly; <i>sex</i> six + <i>mensis</i> a month.]
<def>A period of six months; especially, a term in a college or
uneversity which divides the year into two terms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i-</hw> (?). [L. <i>semi</i>; akin to Gr. &?;&?;&?;, Skr.
<i>s&amacr;mi</i>-, AS. <i>s&amacr;m</i>-, and prob. to E.
<i>same</i>, from the division into two parts of the same size.  Cf.
<u>Hemi-</u>, <u>Sandelend</u>.] <def>A prefix signifying <i>half</i>,
and sometimes <i>partly</i> or <i>imperfectly</i>; as,
<i>semi</i>annual, half yearly; <i>semi</i>transparent, imperfectly
transparent.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The prefix <i>semi</i> is joined to another word either with
the hyphen or without it. In this book the hyphen is omitted except
before a capital letter; as, <i>semi</i>acid, <i>semi</i>aquatic,
<i>semi</i>-Arian, <i>semi</i>axis, <i>semi</i>calcareous.</p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*ac"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slightly acid;
subacid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*a*cid"i*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
acidified.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*ad*her"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adherent
part way.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*am*plex"i*caul</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Partially amplexicaul; embracing the stem half
round, as a leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*an`gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>The half of a given, or measuring, angle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*an"nu*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half-
yearly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*an"nu*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Every half
year.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*an"nu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
figure of a half circle; forming a semicircle.</def>  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i-A"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Arian</u>.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>A member of a branch of the
Arians which did not acknowledge the Son to be consubstantial with the
Father, that is, of the same substance, but admitted him to be of a
like substance with the Father, not by nature, but by a peculiar
privilege.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i-A"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Semi-Arianism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i-A"ri*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
doctrines or tenets of the Semi-Arians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*ax"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>One half of the axis of an &?;llipse or other figure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*bar*ba"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
barbarous; partially civilized.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
partly civilized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*bar*bar"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
barbarous or uncivilized; as, <i>semibarbaric</i> display.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*bar"ba*rism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being half barbarous or uncivilized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*bar"ba*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
barbarous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*breve`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>semi-</i>
+ <i>breve</i>: cf. F. <i>semi-breve</i>, It. <i>semibreve</i>.]
[Formerly written <i>semibref</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A note of half
the time or duration of the breve; -- now usually called a <i>whole
note</i>. It is the longest note in general use.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*brief`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A semibreve.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*bull`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(R.C.Ch.)</i>
<def>A bull issued by a pope in the period between his election and
coronation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*cal*ca"re*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half or
partially calcareous; as, a <i>semicalcareous</i> plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*cal*cined"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
calcined; as, <i>semicalcined</i> iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*cas"trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
deprive of one testicle.</def> -- <wf>Sem`i*cas*tra"tion</wf>
(#),<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*cen*ten"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to half of a century, or a period of fifty years; as, a
<i>semicentennial</i> commemoration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*cen*ten"ni*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fiftieth
anniversary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*cha*ot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Partially
chaotic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*cho`rus</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
half chorus; a passage to be sung by a selected portion of the voices,
as the female voices only, in contrast with the full choir.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i-Chris"tian*ized</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
Christianized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*cir`cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The half of a circle; the part of a circle
bounded by its diameter and half of its circumference.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A semicircumference.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A body in the form of half of a circle, or
half of a circumference.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for measuring
angles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*cir`cled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Semicircular.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*cir"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
form of half of a circle.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Semicircular canals</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>certain
canals of the inner ear. See under <u>Ear</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i cir*cum"fer*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Half
of a circumference.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*cirque</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A semicircular
hollow or opening among trees or hills.</def>  <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*co`lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
punctuation mark [;] indicating a separation between parts or members
of a sentence more distinct than that marked by a comma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*col`umn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A half
column; a column bisected longitudinally, or along its axis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*co*lum"nar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
semicolumn; flat on one side and round on the other; imperfectly
columnar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*com*pact"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
compact; imperfectly indurated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*con"scious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
conscious; imperfectly conscious.</def>  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*cope`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A short cope,
or an inferier kind of cope.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i crus*ta"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
crustaceous; partially crustaceous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*crys"tal*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>Half crystalline; -- said of certain cruptive rocks
composed partly of crystalline, partly of amorphous matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*cu"bic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the square root of the cube of a
quantity.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Semicubical parabola</b></col>, <cd>a curve in which the
ordinates are proportional to the square roots of the cubes of the
abscissas.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sem`i*cu"bi*um</hw> (?), <hw>Sem`i*cu"pi*um</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., fr. L. <i>semi</i> half + <i>cupa</i> tub,
cask.] <def>A half bath, or one that covers only the lewer extremities
and the hips; a sitz-bath; a half bath, or hip bath.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sem`i*cy*lin"dric</hw> (?), <hw>Sem`i*cy*lyn"dric*al</hw> (?)
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half cylindrical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*de*is"tic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
deisticsl; bordering on deism.</def>  <i>S. Miller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*dem"i*qua`ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A demisemiquaver; a thirty-second note.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*de*tached"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
detached; partly distinct or separate.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Semidetached house</b></col>, <cd>one of two tenements
under a single roof, but separated by a party wall.</cd> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*di*am"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>Half of a diameter; a right line, or the length of a right line,
drawn from the center of a circle, a sphere, or other curved figure,
to its circumference or periphery; a radius.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*di`a*pa"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>An imperfect octave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*di`a*pen"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>An imperfect or diminished fifth.</def>  <i>Busby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*di`a*pha*ne"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Half
or imperfect transparency; translucency.</def> [R.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*di*aph"a*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half or
imperfectly transparent; translucent.</def>  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*di`a*tes"sa*ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An imperfect or diminished fourth.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*di"tone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>semi-
</i> + <i>ditone</i>: cf. It. <i>semiditono</i>.  Cf.
<u>Hemiditone</u>.] <i>(Gr. Mus.)</i> <def>A lesser third, having its
terms as 6 to 5; a hemiditone.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*di*ur"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or accomplished in, half a day,
or twelve hours; occurring twice every day.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or traversed in, six hours,
or in half the time between the rising and setting of a heavenly body;
as, a <i>semidiurnal</i> arc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*dome`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>A roof or ceiling covering a semicircular room or recess, or one
of nearly that shape, as the apse of a church, a niche, or the like.
It is approximately the quarter of a hollow sphere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*dou`ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>An office or feast celebrated with less solemnity than the double
ones. See <u>Double</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 8.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*dou"ble</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having the outermost stamens converted into petals, while the
inner ones remain perfect; -- said of a flower.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*fa`ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is
part fable and part truth; a mixture of truth and fable.</def>  <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*flexed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
bent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*flo`ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Semifloscule</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*flos"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Semiflosculous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*flos`cule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A floscule, or florest, with its corolla prolonged into a strap-
shaped petal; -- called also <i>semifloret</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*flos"cu*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having all the florets ligulate, as in the dandelion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*flu"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Imperfectly
fluid.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A semifluid
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*form`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A half form; an
imperfect form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*formed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half formed;
imperfectly formed; as, <i>semiformed</i> crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*glu"tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>A peptonelike body, insoluble in alcohol, formed by
boiling collagen or gelatin for a long time in water.
<i>Hemicollin</i>, a like body, is also formed at the same time, and
differs from semiglutin by being partly soluble in alcohol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*his*tor"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half or
party historical.</def>  <i>Sir G. C. Lewis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*ho"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half-
hourly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*in"du*ra`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Imperfectly indurated or hardened.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*la*pid"i*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Imperfectly changed into stone.</def>  <i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*lens`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Opt.)</i>
<def>The half of a lens divided along a plane passing through its
axis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*len*tic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
lenticular or convex; imperfectly resembling a lens.</def>
<i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*lig"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half or
partially ligneous, as a stem partly woody and partly
herbaceous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*liq"uid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half liquid;
semifluid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*li*quid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being semiliquid; partial liquidity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
logical; partly logical; said of fallacies.</def>  <i>Whately.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*lor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>similor</i>, <i>semilor</i>.] <def>A yellowish alloy of copper and
zinc. See <u>Simplor</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*lu"nar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shaped like a
half moon.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Semilunar bone</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a bone of the
carpus; the lunar. See <u>Lunar</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> --
<col><b>Semilunar</b></col>, or <col><b>Sigmoid</b></col>,
<col><b>valves</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the valves at the
beginning of the aorta and of the pulmonary artery which prevent the
blood from flowing back into the ventricle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*lu"nar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
semilunar bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*lu"na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Semilunar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*lu"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Semilunar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*lune`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>The half of a lune.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*met`al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An element possessing metallic properties in an inferior degree
and not malleable, as arsenic, antimony, bismuth, molybdenum, uranium,
etc.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*me*tal"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a semimetal; possessing metallic properties
in an inferior degree; resembling metal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*month"ly</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Coming or
made twice in a month; as, <i>semimonthly</i> magazine; a
<i>semimonthly</i> payment.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Something done or made every half month; esp., a semimonthly
periodical.</def> -- <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a semimonthly
manner; at intervals of half a month.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*mute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
faculty of speech but imperfectly developed or partially
lost.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*mute`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A semimute
person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>seminalis</i>,
fr. <i>semen</i>, <i>seminis</i>, seed, akin to <i>serere</i> to sow:
cf. F. <i>seminal</i>. See <u>Sow</u> to scatter seed.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, containing, or consisting of,
seed or semen; as, the <i>seminal</i> fluid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Contained in seed; holding the relation of
seed, source, or first principle; holding the first place in a series
of developed results or consequents; germinal; radical; primary;
original; as, <i>seminal</i> principles of generation; <i>seminal</i>
virtue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The idea of God is, beyond all question or comparison,
the one great <i>seminal</i> principle.</blockquote> <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Seminal leaf</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a seed leaf, or
cotyleden.</cd> -- <col><b>Seminal receptacle</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as <u>Spermatheca</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A seed.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*nal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being seminal.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sem`i*na"ri*an</hw> (?), <hw>Sem"i*na*rist</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>s&eacute;minariste</i>.] <def>A member
of, or one educated in, a seminary; specifically, an ecclesiastic
educated for the priesthood in a seminary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Seminaries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>seminarium</i>, fr.
<i>seminarius</i> belonging to seed, fr. <i>semon</i>, <i>seminis</i>,
seed. See <u>Seminal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piece of ground
where seed is sown for producing plants for transplantation; a
nursery; a seed plat.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But if you draw them [seedling] only for the thinning
of your <i>seminary</i>, prick them into some empty beds.</blockquote>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, the place or original stock whence
anything is brought or produced.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A place of education, as a scool of a high
grade, an academy, college, or university.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Seminal state.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A seed bed; a source.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A Roman Catholic priest educated in a
foreign seminary; a seminarist.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*na*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>seminarius</i>.]
<def>Belonging to seed; seminal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Seminated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Seminating</u>.] [L. <i>seminatus</i>, p. p. of <i>seminare</i> to
sow, fr. <i>semen</i>, <i>seminis</i>, seed.] <def>To sow; to spread;
to propagate.</def> [R.]  <i>Waterhouse.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>seminatio</i>: cf. F. <i>s&eacute;mination</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of sowing or spreading.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Natural dispersion of
seeds.</def>  <i>Martyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"ined</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Semen</u>.]
<def>Thickly covered or sown, as with seeds.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>semen</i>, <i>semenis</i>, seed <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Seed-bearing; producing seed; pertaining to, or connected with,
the formation of semen; as, <i>seminiferous</i> cells or
vesicles.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sem`i*nif"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sem`i*nif"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>semen</i>, <i>seminis</i>, seed +
<i>facere</i> to make.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Forming or producing seed,
or the male generative product of animals or of plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*ni*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Propagation from seed.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A
believer in the old theory that the newly created being is formed by
the admixture of the seed of the male with the supposed seed of the
female.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*noles</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Seminole</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe of
Indians who formerly occupied Florida, where some of them still
remain. They belonged to the Creek Confideration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*nose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>semen</i>
seed + <i>glucose</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A carbohydrate of the
glucose group found in the thickened endosperm of certain seeds, and
extracted as yellow sirup having a sweetish-bitter taste.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*nude"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Partially nude;
half naked.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*nymph`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The pupa of insects which undergo only a slight change in passing
to the imago state.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*oc*ca"sion*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Once in a while; on rare occasions.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*of*fi"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
official; having some official authority or importance; as, a
<i>semiofficial</i> statement.</def> -- <wf>Sem`i*of*fi"cial*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Se`mi*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <hw>Se`mi*ol"o*gy</hw> (?),
<hw>Se`mi*o*log"ic*al</hw> (?) }. <def>Same as <u>Semeiography</u>,
<u>Semeiology</u>, <u>Semeiological</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*o*pa"cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Semiopaque.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*o`pal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
variety of opal not possessing opalescence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*o*paque"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half opaque;
only half transparent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*or*bic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
the shape of a half orb or sphere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se`mi*ot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Semeiotic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se`mi*ot"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Semeiotics</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*o"val</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
oval.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*o"vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
ovate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*ox"y*gen*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Combined with oxygen only in part.</def>  <i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*pa"gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
pagan.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sem`i*pal"mate</hw> (?), <hw>Sem`i*pal"ma*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the anterior toes
joined only part way down with a web; half-webbed; as, a
<i>semipalmate</i> bird or foot. See <i>Illust.</i> <i>k</i> under
<u>Aves</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*pa*rab"o*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>One branch of a parabola, being terminated at the principal
vertex of the curve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*ped</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>semipes</i>,
<i>semipedis</i>; pref.  <i>semi-</i> half + <i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>,
a foot.] <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A half foot in poetry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*mip"e*dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Pres.)</i>
<def>Containing a half foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i-Pe*la"gi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>A follower of John Cassianus, a French monk (died
about 448), who modified the doctrines of Pelagius, by denying human
merit, and maintaining the necessity of the Spirit's influence, while,
on the other hand, he rejected the Augustinian doctrines of election,
the inability of man to do good, and the certain perseverance of the
saints.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i-Pe*la"gi*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Semi-Pelagians, or their tenets.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1309 !></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i-Pe*la"gi*an*ism</hw>
(s&ebreve;m`&ibreve;*p&esl;*l&amacr;"j&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n*&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The doctrines or tenets of the Semi-
Pelagians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*pel*lu"cid</hw> (-p&ebreve;l*l&umacr;"s&ibreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half clear, or imperfectly transparent; as,
a <i>semipellucid</i> gem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*pel`lu*cid"i*ty</hw> (-
p&ebreve;l`l&usl;*s&ibreve;d"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality or state of being imperfectly transparent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*pen"ni*form</hw> (-p&ebreve;n"n&ibreve;*f&ocirc;rm),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Half or partially penniform;
as, a <i>semipenniform</i> muscle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*per"ma*nent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Half or
partly permanent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*per*spic"u*ous</hw> (-
p&etilde;r*sp&ibreve;k"&usl;*&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Half transparent; imperfectly clear; semipellucid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*phlo*gis"ti*ca`ted</hw> (-
fl&osl;*j&ibreve;s"t&ibreve;*k&amacr;`t&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>Partially impregnated
with phlogiston.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*plume`</hw> (s&ebreve;m`&ibreve;*pl&umacr;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A feather which has a
plumelike web, with the shaft of an ordinary feather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*pre"cious</hw> (-pr&ebreve;sh"&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat precious; as, <i>semiprecious</i>
stones or metals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*proof`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Half proof;
evidence from the testimony of a single witness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i pu"pa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The young of an insect in a stage between the larva and
pupa.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sem"i*quad`rate</hw> (?), <hw>Sem"i*quar"tile</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>An aspect of the planets
when distant from each other the half of a quadrant, or forty-five
degrees, or one sign and a half.</def>  <i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*qua`ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A note of half the duration of the quaver; -- now usually called
a <i>sixsteenth note</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*quin`tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Astrol.)</i>
<def>An aspect of the planets when distant from each other half of the
quintile, or thirty-six degrees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*rec"on*dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zool.)</i>
<def>Half hidden or half covered; said of the head of an insect when
half covered by the shield of the thorax.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*ring`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>One of the incomplete rings of the upper part of the bronchial
tubes of most birds. The semerings form an essential part of the
syrinx, or musical organ, of singing birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*sav"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
savage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*sav`age</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is half
savage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i-Sax"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half Saxon; --
specifically applied to the language intermediate between Saxon and
English, belonging to the period 1150-1250.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*sex"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Astrol.)</i>
<def>An aspect of the planets when they are distant from each other
the twelfth part of a circle, or thirty degrees.</def>
<i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*sol"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Partially
solid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*soun</hw> (-s&oomac;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A half
sound; a low tone.</def> [Obs.] "Soft he cougheth with a
<i>semisoun</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sem`i*spher"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sem`i*spher"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the figure of a half sphere.</def>
<i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*sphe*roid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed
like a half spheroid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*steel`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Puddled
steel.</def> [U. S. ]</p>

<p><hw>||Sem"i*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Semit&aelig;</b></plw>. [L., a path.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A fasciole of a spatangoid sea urchin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*tan`gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>The tangent of half an arc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One belonging to
the Semitic race. Also used adjectively.</def> [Written also
<i>Shemite</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*te*rete"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Nat.
Hist.)</i> <def>Half terete.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*ter"tian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Having the characteristics of both a tertian and a quotidian
intermittent.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An intermittent
combining the characteristics of a tertian and a quotidian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem*it"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Shem or his descendants; belonging to that division of the
Caucasian race which includes the Arabs, Jews, and related
races.</def> [Written also <i>Shemitic</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Semitic language</b></col>, <cd>a name used to designate a
group of Asiatic and African languages, some living and some dead,
namely: Hebrew and Ph&oelig;nician, Aramaic, Assyrian, Arabic,
Ethiopic (Geez and Ampharic).</cd>  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Semitic idiom;
a word of Semitic origin.</def> [Written also <i>Shemitism</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*tone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>semi-</i> +
<i>tone</i>. CF. <u>Hemitone</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Half a tone; --
the name commonly applied to the smaller intervals of the diatonic
scale.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There is an impropriety in the use of this word, and <i>half
step</i> is now preferred. See <u>Tone</u>.  <i>J. S. Dwight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*ton"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a semitone; consisting of a semitone, or of
semitones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*tran`sept</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>The half of a transept; as, the north <i>semitransept</i> of a
church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*trans*lu"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Slightly clear; transmitting light in a slight degree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*trans*par"en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Imperfect or partial transparency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*trans*par"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half or
imperfectly transparent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*ver*tic"il*late</hw>, (&?;) <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Partially verticillate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*vif</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>semivivus</i>.]
<def>Only half alive.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*vit"re*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Partially
vitreous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*vit"ri*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being
semivitrified.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A substance imperfectly
vitrified.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*vit"ri*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half or
imperfectly vitrified; partially converted into glass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*vo"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Phon.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a semivowel; half cocal; imperfectly
sounding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*vow`el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Phon.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A sound intermediate between a vowel and a
consonant, or partaking of the nature of both, as in the English
<i>w</i> and <i>y</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The sign or
letter representing such a sound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*week"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Coming, or
made, or done, once every half week; as, a <i>semiweekly</i>
newspaper; a <i>semiweekly</i> trip.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>That which comes or happens once every half week, esp. a
semiweekly periodical.</def> -- <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>At
intervals of half a week each.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sem`o*lel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>See
<u>Semolina</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`o*li"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>semolino</i>, from <i>semola</i> bran, L. <i>simila</i> the finest
wheat flour.  Cf. <u>Semoule</u>, <u>Simnel</u>.] <def>The fine, hard
parts of wheat, rounded by the attrition of the millstones, -- used in
cookery.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sem`o*li"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>Same as
<u>Semolina</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Se*moule"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Same as
<u>Semolina</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`per*vi"rent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>semper</i> always + <i>virens</i>, p. pr. of <i>virere</i> to be
green.] <def>Always fresh; evergreen.</def> [R.]  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"per*vive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>semperviva</i>, <i>sempervivum</i>, fr. <i>sempervivus</i> ever-
living; <i>semper</i> always + <i>vivus</i> living.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The houseleek.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sem`per*vi"vum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of fleshy-leaved plants, of which the houseleek
(<i>Sempervivum tectorum</i>) is the commonest species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`pi*ter"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sempiternus</i>, fr. <i>semper</i> always: cf. F.
<i>sempiternel</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of neverending duration;
everlasting; endless; having beginning, but no end.</def>  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without beginning or end; eternal.</def>
<i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"pi*terne</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sempiternal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sem`pi*ter"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sempiternitas</i>.] <def>Future duration without end; the relation
or state of being sempiternal.</def>  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"pre</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [It., fr. L.
<i>semper</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Always; throughout; as,
<i>sempre</i> piano, always soft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Semp"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A seamster.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Semp"stress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
seamstress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Two hundred <i>sepstress</i> were employed to make me
shirts.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Semp"stress*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Seamstressy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A seamster.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Se*mun"ci*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>semi</i> half + <i>uncia</i> ounce.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A
Roman coin equivalent to one twenty-fourth part of a Roman
pound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Japanese coin, worth
about one half of a cent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen</hw>, <pos><i>adv., prep., & conj.</i></pos> [See
<u>Since</u>.] <def>Since.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sen"a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>senarius</i>,
fr. <i>seni</i> six each, fr. <i>sex</i> six. See <u>Six</u>.] <def>Of
six; belonging to six; containing six.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>senat</i>, F.
<i>s&eacute;nat</i>, fr. L. <i>senatus</i>, fr. <i>senex</i>, gen.
<i>senis</i>, old, an old man. See <u>Senior</u>, <u>Sir</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An assembly or council having the highest
deliberative and legislative functions.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Anc. Rom.)</i> <def>A body of elders appointed
or elected from among the nobles of the nation, and having supreme
legislative authority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>senate</i> was thus the medium through which all
affairs of the whole government had to pass.</blockquote> <i>Dr. W.
Smith.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The upper and less numerous branch of a
legislature in various countries, as in France, in the United States,
in most of the separate States of the United States, and in some Swiss
cantons.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>In general, a legislative
body; a state council; the legislative department of
government.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The governing body of the Universities of
Cambridge and London.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In some American colleges, a council of
elected students, presided over by the president of the college, to
which are referred cases of discipline and matters of general concern
affecting the students.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Senate chamber</b></col>, <cd>a room where a senate meets
when it transacts business.</cd> -- <col><b>Senate house</b></col>,
<cd>a house where a senate meets when it transacts business.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sen"a*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>senatour</i>,
OF. <i>senatour</i>, F. <i>s&eacute;nateur</i>, fr. L.
<i>senator</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A member of a
senate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The duke and <i>senators</i> of Venice greet
you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In the United States, each State sends two senators for a
term of six years to the national Congress.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(O.Eng.Law)</i> <def>A member of the king's
council; a king's councilor.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen`a*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>s&eacute;natorial</i>, or L. <i>senatorius</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to a senator, or a senate; becoming to a
senator, or a senate; as, <i>senatorial</i> duties; <i>senatorial</i>
dignity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Entitled to elect a senator, or by
senators; as, the <i>senatorial</i> districts of a State.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sen`a*to"ri*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
senatorial manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen`a*to"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Senatorial.</def> [R.]  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen`a*to"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Senatorial.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sen"a*tor*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office
or dignity of a senator.</def>  <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*na`tus*con*sult"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>senatus consultum</i>.] <def>A decree of the Roman
senate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Send</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sent</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sending</u>.] [AS. <i>sendan</i>; akin to OS. <i>sendian</i>, D.
<i>zenden</i>, G. <i>senden</i>, OHG. <i>senten</i>, Icel.
<i>senda</i>, Sw. <i>s&auml;nda</i>, Dan. <i>sende</i>, Goth.
<i>sandjan</i>, and to Goth. <i>sinp</i> a time (properly, a going),
ga<i>sinpa</i> companion, OHG. <i>sind</i> journey, AS.
<i>s&imacr;&?;</i>, Icel. <i>sinni</i> a walk, journey, a time. W.
<i>hynt</i> a way, journey, OIr. <i>s&?;t</i>.  Cf. <u>Sense</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to go in any manner; to dispatch; to
commission or direct to go; as, to <i>send</i> a messenger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have not <i>sent</i> these prophets, yet they
ran.</blockquote> <i>Jer. xxiii. 21.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I proceeded forth and came from God; neither came I of
myself, but he <i>sent</i> me.</blockquote> <i>John viii. 42.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Servants, <i>sent</i> on messages, stay out somewhat
longer than the message requires.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give motion to; to cause to be borne or
carried; to procure the going, transmission, or delivery of; as, to
<i>send</i> a message.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . <i>sent</i> letters by posts on
horseback.</blockquote> <i>Esther viii. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O <i>send</i> out thy light an thy truth; let them lead
me.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xliii. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To emit; to impel; to cast; to throw; to
hurl; as, to <i>send</i> a ball, an arrow, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cause to be or to happen; to bestow; to
inflict; to grant; -- sometimes followed by a dependent
proposition.</def> "God <i>send</i> him well!"  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord shall <i>send</i> upon thee cursing, vexation,
and rebuke.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxviii. 20.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>sendeth</i> rain on the just and on the
unjust.</blockquote> <i>Matt. v. 45.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God <i>send</i> your mission may bring back
peace.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Send</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To dispatch an agent or messenger to convey a message, or to do
an errand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>See ye how this son of a murderer hath <i>sent</i> to
take away my head?</blockquote> <i>2 Kings vi. 32.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To pitch; as, the ship
<i>sends</i> forward so violently as to endanger her masts.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To send for</b></col>, <cd>to request or require by message
to come or be brought.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Send</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The impulse
of a wave by which a vessel is carried bodily.</def> [Written also
<i>scend</i>.] <i>W. C. Russell.</i> "The <i>send</i> of the sea".
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>cendal</i> (cf.
Pr. & Sp. <i>cendal</i>, It. <i>zendale</i>), LL. <i>cendallum</i>,
Gr. &?;&?;&?; a fine Indian cloth.] <def>A light thin stuff of
silk.</def> [Written also <i>cendal</i>, and <i>sendal</i>.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wore she not a veil of twisted <i>sendal</i>
embroidered with silver?</blockquote>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Send"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
sends.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"e*cas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Seneca</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe of
Indians who formerly inhabited a part of Western New York. This tribe
was the most numerous and most warlike of the Five Nations.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Seneca grass</b></col><i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>holy grass. See
under <u>Holy</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Seneca eil</b></col>, <cd>petroleum
or naphtha.</cd> -- <col><b>Seneca root</b></col>, or <col><b>Seneca
snakeroot</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the rootstock of an American
species of milkworth (<i>Polygala Senega</i>) having an aromatic but
bitter taste. It is often used medicinally as an expectorant and
diuretic, and, in large doses, as an emetic and cathartic.</cd>
[Written also <i>Senega root</i>, and <i>Seneka root</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Se*ne"ci*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., groundsel,
lit., an old man. So called in allusion to the hoary appearance of the
pappus.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A very large genus of composite plants
including the groundsel and the golden ragwort.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*nec"ti*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>senectus</i> aged, old age, <i>senex</i> old.] <def>Old age.</def>
[R.] "<i>Senectitude</i>, weary of its toils."  <i>H. Miller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"e*ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Seneca root.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"e*gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Gum senegal. See
under <u>Gum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"e*gin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med. Chem.)</i>
<def>A substance extracted from the rootstock of the <i>Polygala
Senega</i> (Seneca root), and probably identical with polygalic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*nes"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Senescent</u>.] <def>The state of growing old; decay by
time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*nes"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>senescent</i>, p. pr. of <i>senescere</i> to grow old, incho. fr.
<i>senere</i> to be old.] <def>Growing old; decaying with the lapse of
time.</def> "The night was <i>senescent</i>." <i>Poe.</i> "With too
<i>senescent</i> air."  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"es*chal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>seneschal</i>, LL. <i>seniscalcus</i>, of Teutonic origin; cf.
Goth. <i>sineigs</i> old, <i>skalks</i>, OHG. <i>scalch</i>, AS.
<i>scealc</i>.  Cf. <u>Senior</u>, <u>Marshal</u>.] <def>An officer in
the houses of princes and dignitaries, in the Middle Ages, who had the
superintendence of feasts and domestic ceremonies; a steward.
Sometimes the seneschal had the dispensing of justice, and was given
high military commands.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then marshaled feast<BR>
Served up in hall with sewers and <i>seneschale</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Philip Augustus, by a famous ordinance in 1190, first
established royal courts of justice, held by the officers called
baitiffs, or <i>seneschals</i>, who acted as the king's lieutenants in
his demains.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"es*chal*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office,
dignity, or jurisdiction of a seneschal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Senge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To singe.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"green</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[AS. <i>singr&?;ne</i>,
properly, evergreen, fr. <i>sin</i> (in composition) always +
<i>gr&euml;ne</i> green; akin to OHG. <i>sin-</i> ever, L.
<i>semper</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The houseleek.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"nile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>senilis</i>, from
<i>senex</i>, gen. <i>senis</i>, old, an old man: cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;nile</i>. See <u>Senior</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to old
age; proceeding from, or characteristic of, old age; affected with the
infirmities of old age; as, <i>senile</i> weakness.</def>
"<i>Senile</i> maturity of judgment."  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Senile gangrene</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a form of
gangrene occuring particularly in old people, and caused usually by
insufficient blood supply due to degeneration of the walls of the
smaller arteries.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Se*nil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;nilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
senile; old age.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"ior</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>senior</i>,
compar. of <i>senex</i>, gen. <i>senis</i>, old. See <u>Sir</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>More advanced than another in age; prior in
age; elder; hence, more advanced in dignity, rank, or office;
superior; as, <i>senior</i> member; <i>senior</i> counsel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to the final year of the regular
course in American colleges, or in professional schools.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"ior</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
person who is older than another; one more advanced in life.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One older in office, or whose entrance upon
office was anterior to that of another; one prior in grade.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An aged person; an older.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Each village <i>senior</i> paused to scan,<BR>
And speak the lovely caravan.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One in the fourth or final year of his
collegiate course at an American college; -- originally called
<i>senior sophister</i>; also, one in the last year of the course at a
professional schools or at a seminary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen*ior"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being senior.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"ior*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To exercise
authority; to rule; to lord it.</def> [R.]  <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"ior*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Seniority.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. It. & Sp.
<i>sena</i>, Pg. <i>sene</i>, F. <i>s&eacute;n&eacute;</i>; all fr.
Ar. <i>san&amacr;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The
leaves of several leguminous plants of the genus Cassia. (<i>C.
acutifolia</i>, <i>C. angustifolia</i>, etc.). They constitute a
valuable but nauseous cathartic medicine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The plants themselves, native
to the East, but now cultivated largely in the south of Europe and in
the West Indies.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bladder senna</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Bladder</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild senna</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>the <i>Cassia Marilandica</i>, growing in the United States, the
leaves of which are used medicinally, like those of the officinal
senna.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1310 !></p>

<p><hw>Sen"na*chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Seannachie</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Properly, a sign given
for the entrance or exit of actors, from OF. <i>sinet</i>,
<i>signet</i>, dim. of <i>signe</i>. See <u>Signet</u>.] <def>A signal
call on a trumpet or cornet for entrance or exit on the stage.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sen"net</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
barracuda.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"night</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. fr.
<i>sevennight</i>.] <def>The space of seven nights and days; a
week.</def> [Written also <i>se'nnight</i>.] [Archaic.]  <i>Shak.</i>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"nit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Seven</i> +
<i>knit</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A braided cord or
fabric formed by plaiting together rope yarns or other small
stuff.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Plaited straw or palm leaves for making
hats.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*noc"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>seni</i> six
each (fr. <i>sex</i> six) + <i>oculus</i> eye.] <def>Having six
eyes.</def> [R.]  <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*no"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>s&eacute;nonien</i>, from the district of <i>S&eacute;nonais</i>,
in France.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>In european geology, a name given to
the middle division of the Upper Cretaceous formation.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Se*&ntilde;or"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.  Cf.
<u>Senior</u>.] <def>A Spanish title of courtesy corresponding to the
English <i>Mr</i>. or <i>Sir</i>; also, a gentleman.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Se*&ntilde;o"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>A
Spanish title of courtesy given to a lady; Mrs.; Madam; also, a
lady.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Se`&ntilde;o*ri"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.]
<def>A Spanish title of courtesy given to a young lady; Miss; also, a
young lady.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sens</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>Since</u>.]
<def>Since.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"sate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sensated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sensating</u>.] [See <u>Sensated</u>.] <def>To feel or apprehend
more or less distinctly through a sense, or the senses; as, to
<i>sensate</i> light, or an odor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As those of the one are <i>sensated</i> by the ear, so
those of the other are by the eye.</blockquote> <i>R. Hooke.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sen"sate</hw> (?), <hw>Sen"sa*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sensatus</i> gifted with sense,
intelligent, fr. <i>sensus</i> sense. See <u>Sense</u>.] <def>Felt or
apprehended through a sense, or the senses.</def> [R.]
<i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sensation</i>. See <u>Sensate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An impression, or the consciousness of an
impression, made upon the central nervous organ, through the medium of
a sensory or afferent nerve or one of the organs of sense; a feeling,
or state of consciousness, whether agreeable or disagreeable, produced
either by an external object (stimulus), or by some change in the
internal state of the body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Perception is only a special kind of knowledge, and
<i>sensation</i> a special kind of feeling.  . . . Knowledge and
feeling, perception and <i>sensation</i>, though always coexistent,
are always in the inverse ratio of each other.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A purely spiritual or psychical affection;
agreeable or disagreeable feelings occasioned by objects that are not
corporeal or material.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A state of excited interest or feeling, or
that which causes it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sensation</i> caused by the appearance of that
work is still remembered by many.</blockquote> <i>Brougham.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Perception.  -- <u>Sensation</u>, <u>Perseption</u>.
The distinction between these words, when used in mental philosophy,
may be thus stated; if I simply smell a rose, I have a
<i>sensation</i>; if I refer that smell to the external object which
occasioned it, I have a <i>perception</i>. Thus, the former is mere
feeling, without the idea of an object; the latter is the mind's
apprehension of some external object as occasioning that feeling.
"<i>Sensation</i> properly expresses <i>that change in the state of
the mind</i> which is produced by an impression upon an organ of sense
(of which change we can conceive the mind to be conscious, without any
knowledge of external objects). <i>Perception</i>, on the other hand,
expresses the <i>knowledge</i> or the intimations we obtain by means
of our <i>sensations</i> concerning the qualities of matter, and
consequently involves, in every instance, the notion of
<i>externality</i>, or <i>outness</i>, which it is necessary to
exclude in order to seize the precise import of the word
<i>sensation</i>." <i>Fleming.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen*sa"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to sensation; as,
<i>sensational</i> nerves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to sensationalism, or the
doctrine that sensation is the sole origin of knowledge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Suited or intended to excite temporarily
great interest or emotion; melodramatic; emotional; as,
<i>sensational</i> plays or novels; <i>sensational</i> preaching;
<i>sensational</i> journalism; a <i>sensational</i> report.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen*sa"tion*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>The doctrine held by
Condillac, and by some ascribed to Locke, that our ideas originate
solely in sensation, and consist of sensations transformed;
sensualism; -- opposed to <i>intuitionalism</i>, and
<i>rationalism</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The practice or methods of sensational
writing or speaking; as, the <i>sensationalism</i> of a
novel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen*sa"tion*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>An advocate of, or believer
in, philosophical sensationalism.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who practices sensational writing or
speaking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sense</hw> (s&ebreve;ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sensus</i>, from <i>sentire</i>, <i>sensum</i>, to perceive, to
feel, from the same root as E. <i>send</i>; cf. OHG. <i>sin</i> sense,
mind, <i>sinnan</i> to go, to journey, G. <i>sinnen</i> to meditate,
to think: cf. F. <i>sens</i>. For the change of meaning cf.
<u>See</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> See <u>Send</u>, and cf.
<u>Assent</u>, <u>Consent</u>, <u>Scent</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>,
<u>Sentence</u>, <u>Sentient</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A faculty, possessed by animals, of perceiving
external objects by means of impressions made upon certain organs
(sensory or sense organs) of the body, or of perceiving changes in the
condition of the body; as, the <i>senses</i> of sight, smell, hearing,
taste, and touch. See <i>Muscular sense</i>, under <u>Muscular</u>,
and <i>Temperature sense</i>, under <u>Temperature</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let fancy still my <i>sense</i> in Lethe
steep.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What surmounts the reach<BR>
Of human <i>sense</i> I shall delineate.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The traitor <i>Sense</i> recalls<BR>
The soaring soul from rest.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Perception by the sensory organs of the
body; sensation; sensibility; feeling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In a living creature, though never so great, the
<i>sense</i> and the affects of any one part of the body instantly
make a transcursion through the whole.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Perception through the intellect;
apprehension; recognition; understanding; discernment;
appreciation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This Basilius, having the quick <i>sense</i> of a
lover.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>High disdain from <i>sense</i> of injured
merit.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Sound perception and reasoning; correct
judgment; good mental capacity; understanding; also, that which is
sound, true, or reasonable; rational meaning.</def> "He speaks
<i>sense</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He raves; his words are loose<BR>
As heaps of sand, and scattering wide from <i>sense</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which is felt or is held as a
sentiment, view, or opinion; judgment; notion; opinion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I speak my private but impartial <i>sense</i><BR>
With freedom.</blockquote> <i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The municipal council of the city had ceased to speak
the <i>sense</i> of the citizens.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Meaning; import; signification; as, the
true <i>sense</i> of words or phrases; the <i>sense</i> of a
remark.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So they read in the book in the law of God distinctly,
and gave the <i>sense</i>.</blockquote> <i>Neh. viii. 8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I think 't was in another <i>sense</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Moral perception or appreciation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some are so hardened in wickedness as to have no
<i>sense</i> of the most friendly offices.</blockquote> <i>L'
Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>One of two opposite
directions in which a line, surface, or volume, may be supposed to be
described by the motion of a point, line, or surface.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Common sense</b></col>, according to Sir W. Hamilton:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>"The complement of those cognitions or
convictions which we receive from nature, which all men possess in
common, and by which they test the truth of knowledge and the morality
of actions."</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>"The faculty of first
principles." These two are the philosophical significations.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>"Such ordinary complement of intelligence,
that,if a person be deficient therein, he is accounted mad or
foolish."</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>When the substantive is
emphasized: "Native practical intelligence, natural prudence, mother
wit, tact in behavior, acuteness in the observation of character, in
contrast to habits of acquired learning or of speculation."</cd> --
<col><b>Moral sense</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Moral</u>,
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>The inner</b></col>, or
<col><b>internal</b></col>, <col><b>sense</b></col>, <cd>capacity of
the mind to be aware of its own states; consciousness;
reflection.</cd>  "This source of ideas every man has wholly in
himself, and though it be not sense, as having nothing to do with
external objects, yet it is very like it, and might properly enough be
called <i>internal sense</i>." <i>Locke.</i> -- <col><b>Sense
capsule</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>one of the cartilaginous or bony
cavities which inclose, more or less completely, the organs of smell,
sight, and hearing.</cd> -- <col><b>Sense organ</b></col>
<i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>a specially irritable mechanism by which some
one natural force or form of energy is enabled to excite sensory
nerves; as the eye, ear, an end bulb or tactile corpuscle, etc.</cd> -
- <col><b>Sense organule</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>one of the
modified epithelial cells in or near which the fibers of the sensory
nerves terminate.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Understanding; reason.  -- <u>Sense</u>,
<u>Understanding</u>, <u>Reason</u>. Some philosophers have given a
technical signification to these terms, which may here be stated.
<i>Sense</i> is the mind's acting in the direct cognition either of
material objects or of its own mental states. In the first case it is
called the <i>outer</i>, in the second the <i>inner</i>, sense.
<i>Understanding</i> is the logical faculty, <i>i. e.</i>, the power
of apprehending under general conceptions, or the power of
classifying, arranging, and making deductions. <i>Reason</i> is the
power of apprehending those first or fundamental truths or principles
which are the conditions of all real and scientific knowledge, and
which control the mind in all its processes of investigation and
deduction. These distinctions are given, not as established, but
simply because they often occur in writers of the present day.</p>

<p><hw>Sense</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sensed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sensing</u>.] <def>To perceive by the senses; to recognize.</def>
[Obs. or Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Is he sure that objects are not otherwise <i>sensed</i>
by others than they are by him?</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sense"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of sense,
meaning, or reason; reasonable; judicious.</def> [R.] "<i>Senseful</i>
speech." <i>Spenser.</i> "Men, otherwise <i>senseful</i> and
ingenious." <i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sense"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of,
deficient in, or contrary to, sense; without sensibility or feeling;
unconscious; stupid; foolish; unwise; unreasonable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You blocks, you stones, you worse than <i>senseless</i>
things.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The ears are <i>senseless</i> that should give us
hearing.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>senseless</i> grave feels not your pious
sorrows.</blockquote> <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They were a <i>senseless</i>, stupid race.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They would repent this their <i>senseless</i>
perverseness when it would be too late.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p>--- <wf>Sense"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sense"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sen`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sensibilities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F.
<i>sensibilit&eacute;</i>, LL. <i>sensibilitas</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The quality or state of
being sensible, or capable of sensation; capacity to feel or
perceive.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The capacity of emotion or feeling, as
distinguished from the intellect and the will; peculiar susceptibility
of impression, pleasurable or painful; delicacy of feeling; quick
emotion or sympathy; as, <i>sensibility</i> to pleasure or pain;
<i>sensibility</i> to shame or praise; exquisite <i>sensibility</i>; -
- often used in the plural.</def> "<i>Sensibilities</i> so fine!"
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The true lawgiver ought to have a heart full of
<i>sensibility</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>sensibilities</i> seem rather to have been those
of patriotism than of wounded pride.</blockquote> <i>Marshall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Experience of sensation; actual
feeling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This adds greatly to my
<i>sensibility</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That quality of an instrument which makes
it indicate very slight changes of condition; delicacy; as, the
<i>sensibility</i> of a balance, or of a thermometer.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Taste; susceptibility; feeling. See
<u>Taste</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sen"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>sensibilis</i>, fr. <i>sensus</i> sense.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capable of being perceived by the senses; apprehensible through
the bodily organs; hence, also, perceptible to the mind; making an
impression upon the sense, reason, or understanding;
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; heat; <i>sensible</i> resistance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Air is <i>sensible</i> to the touch by its
motion.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The disgrace was more <i>sensible</i> than the
pain.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Any very <i>sensible</i> effect upon the prices of
things.</blockquote> <i>A. Smith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the capacity of receiving
impressions from external objects; capable of perceiving by the
instrumentality of the proper organs; liable to be affected
physsically or mentally; impressible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Would your cambric were <i>sensible</i> as your
finger.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Liable to impression from without;
easily affected; having nice perception or acute feeling; sensitive;
also, readily moved or affected by natural agents; delicate; as, a
<i>sensible</i> thermometer.</def> "With affection wondrous
<i>sensible</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Perceiving or having perception, either by
the senses or the mind; cognizant; perceiving so clearly as to be
convinced; satisfied; persuaded.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [man] can not think at any time, waking or sleeping,
without being <i>sensible</i> of it.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They are now <i>sensible</i> it would have been better
to comply than to refuse.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Having moral perception; capable of being
affected by moral good or evil.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Possessing or containing sense or reason;
giftedwith, or characterized by, good or common sense; intelligent;
wise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now a <i>sensible</i> man, by and by a
fool.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sensible note</b></col> or <col><b>tone</b></col>
<i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>the major seventh note of any scale; -- so called
because, being but a half step below the octave, or key tone, and
naturally leading up to that, it makes the ear <i>sensible</i> of its
approaching sound. Called also the <i>leading tone</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sensible horizon</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Horizon</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Intelligent; wise.  -- <u>Sensible</u>,
<u>Intelligent</u>. We call a man <i>sensible</i> whose judgments and
conduct are marked and governed by sound judgment or good common
semse. We call one <i>intelligent</i> who is quick and clear in his
understanding, <i>i. e.</i>, who discriminates readily and nicely in
respect to difficult and important distinction. The sphere of the
<i>sensible</i> man lies in matters of practical concern; of the
<i>intelligent</i> man, in subjects of intellectual interest. "I have
been tired with accounts from <i>sensible</i> men, furnished with
matters of fact which have happened within their own knowledge."
<i>Addison.</i> "Trace out numerous footsteps . . . of a most wise and
<i>intelligent</i> architect throughout all this stupendous fabric."
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sensation; sensibility.</def> [R.] "Our temper changed . . .
which must needs remove the <i>sensible</i> of pain."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which impresses itself on the sense;
anything perceptible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Aristotle distinguished <i>sensibles</i> into common
and proper.</blockquote> <i>Krauth-Fleming.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which has sensibility; a sensitive
being.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This melancholy extends itself not to men only, but
even to vegetals and <i>sensibles</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"si*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being sensible; sensibility;
appreciation; capacity of perception; susceptibility.</def> "The
<i>sensibleness</i> of the eye." <i>Sharp.</i> "<i>Sensibleness</i>
and sorrow for sin."  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sensibleness</i> of the divine
presence.</blockquote> <i>Hallywell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Intelligence; reasonableness; good
sense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"si*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a sensible manner; so as to be perceptible to the senses or to
the mind; appreciably; with perception; susceptibly;
sensitively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What remains past cure,<BR>
Bear not too <i>sensibly</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With intelligence or good sense;
judiciously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen`si*fa"cient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sensus</i> sense + <i>facere</i> to make.] <def>Converting into
sensation.</def>  <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen*sif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sensifer</i>; <i>sensus</i> sense + <i>ferre</i> to bear.]
<def>Exciting sensation; conveying sensation.</def>
<i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen*sif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sensificus</i>; <i>sensus</i> sense + <i>facere</i> to make.]
<def>Exciting sensation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen*sif"i*ca*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Susceptible of, or converting into, sensation; as, the
<i>sensificatory</i> part of a nervous system.</def>
<i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen*sig"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sensus</i>
sense + <i>-genous</i>.] <def>Causing or exciting sensation.</def>
<i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sens"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Sensualism</u>, 2 & 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sens"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, in
philosophy, holds to sensism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"si*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>sensitif</i>.
See <u>Sense</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having sense of feeling;
possessing or exhibiting the capacity of receiving impressions from
external objects; as, a <i>sensitive</i> soul.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having quick and acute sensibility, either
to the action of external objects, or to impressions upon the mind and
feelings; highly susceptible; easily and acutely affected.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She was too <i>sensitive</i> to abuse and
calumny.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>Having a
capacity of being easily affected or moved; as, a <i>sensitive</i>
thermometer; <i>sensitive</i> scales.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Chem. & Photog.)</i> <def>Readily affected or changed by certain
appropriate agents; as, silver chloride or bromide, when in contact
with certain organic substances, is extremely <i>sensitive</i> to
actinic rays.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Serving to affect the sense;
sensible.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A sensitive love of some <i>sensitive</i>
objects.</blockquote> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to sensation; depending on
sensation; as, <i>sensitive</i> motions; <i>sensitive</i> muscular
motions excited by irritation.</def>  <i>E. Darwin.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sensitive fern</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American
fern (<i>Onoclea sensibilis</i>), the leaves of which, when plucked,
show a slight tendency to fold together.</cd> -- <col><b>Sensitive
flame</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>a gas flame so arranged that
under a suitable adjustment of pressure it is exceedingly sensitive to
sounds, being caused to roar, flare, or become suddenly shortened or
extinguished, by slight sounds of the proper pitch.</cd> --
<col><b>Sensitive joint vetch</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an annual
leguminous herb (<i>&AElig;schynomene hispida</i>), with sensitive
foliage.</cd> -- <col><b>Sensitive paper</b></col>, <cd>paper prepared
for photographic purpose by being rendered sensitive to the effect of
light.</cd> -- <col><b>Sensitive plant</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A leguminous plant (<i>Mimosa pudica</i>, or
<i>M. sensitiva</i>, and other allied species), the leaves of which
close at the slightest touch.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Any plant
showing motions after irritation, as the sensitive brier
(<i>Schrankia</i>) of the Southern States, two common American species
of Cassia (<i>C. nictitans</i>, and <i>C. Cham&aelig;crista</i>), a
kind of sorrel (<i>Oxalis sensitiva</i>), etc.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1311 !></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sen"si*tive*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sen"si*tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sen`si*tiv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being sensitive; -- used chiefly in science and the arts;
as, the <i>sensitivity</i> of iodized silver.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sensitivity</i> and emotivity have also been used as
the scientific term for the capacity of feeling.</blockquote>
<i>Hickok.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"si*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Photog.)</i>
<def>To render sensitive, or susceptible of being easily acted on by
the actinic rays of the sun; as, <i>sensitized</i> paper or
plate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"si*ti`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Photog.)</i>
<def>An agent that sensitizes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sensitizer</i> should be poured on the middle of
the sheet.</blockquote> <i>Wilis & Clements (The Platinotype).</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"si*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sensory</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sens"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having sense or
sensibility; sensitive.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"sor</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sensory; as, the
<i>sensor</i> nerves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen*so"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sensorial</i>. See <u>Sensorium</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the
sensorium; as, <i>sensorial</i> faculties, motions, powers.</def>
<i>A. Tucker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen*so"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Sensoriums</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Sensoria</b></plw> (#).
[L., fr. <i>sentire</i>, <i>sensum</i>, <i>to discern or perceive by
the senses</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The seat of sensation; the
nervous center or centers to which impressions from the external world
must be conveyed before they can be perceived; the place where
external impressions are localized, and transformed into sensations,
prior to being reflected to other parts of the organism; hence, the
whole nervous system, when animated, so far as it is susceptible of
common or special sensations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen*so`ri-vo*li"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Concerned both in sensation and volition; --
applied to those nerve fibers which pass to and from the cerebro-
spinal axis, and are respectively concerned in sensation and
volition.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sensories</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Sensorium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"so*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to the sensorium or sensation; as, <i>sensory</i>
impulses; -- especially applied to those nerves and nerve fibers which
convey to a nerve center impulses resulting in sensation; also
sometimes loosely employed in the sense of <i>afferent</i>, to
indicate nerve fibers which convey impressions of any kind to a nerve
center.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"su*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sensualis</i>,
from <i>sensus</i> sense: cf. F. <i>sensuel</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to, consisting in, or affecting, the sense, or bodily
organs of perception; relating to, or concerning, the body, in
distinction from the spirit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pleasing and <i>sensual</i> rites and
ceremonies.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Far as creation's ample range extends,<BR>
The scale of <i>sensual</i>, mental powers ascends.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, not spiritual or intellectual;
carnal; fleshly; pertaining to, or consisting in, the gratification of
the senses, or the indulgence of appetites; wordly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These be they who separate themselves, <i>sensual</i>,
having not the Spirit.</blockquote> <i>Jude 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The greatest part of men are such as prefer . . . that
good which is <i>sensual</i> before whatsoever is most
divine.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Devoted to the pleasures of sense and
appetite; luxurious; voluptuous; lewd; libidinous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No small part of virtue consists in abstaining from
that wherein <i>sensual</i> men place their felicity.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining or peculiar to the philosophical
doctrine of sensualism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"su*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sensualisme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The condition or
character of one who is sensual; subjection to sensual feelings and
appetite; sensuality.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Philos.)</i> <def>The doctrine that all our
ideas, or the operations of the understanding, not only originate in
sensation, but are transformed sensations, copies or relics of
sensations; sensationalism; sensism.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Ethics)</i> <def>The regarding of the
gratification of the senses as the highest good.</def>  <i>Krauth-
Fleming.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"su*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. F.
<i>sensualiste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who is sensual; one
given to the indulgence of the appetites or senses as the means of
happiness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who holds to the doctrine of
sensualism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen`su*al*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sensual.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Adopting or teaching the doctrines of
sensualism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen`su*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. F.
<i>sensualit&eacute;</i>, L. <i>sensualitas</i> sensibility, capacity
for sensation.] <def>The quality or state of being sensual;
devotedness to the gratification of the bodily appetites; free
indulgence in carnal or sensual pleasures; luxuriousness;
voluptuousness; lewdness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those pampered animals<BR>
That rage in savage <i>sensuality</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They avoid dress, lest they should have affections
tainted by any <i>sensuality</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen`su*al*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of sensualizing, or the state of being sensualized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"su*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sensualized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sensualizing</u> (?).] <def>To make sensual; to
subject to the love of sensual pleasure; to debase by carnal
gratifications; to carnalize; as, <i>sensualized</i> by
pleasure.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By the neglect of prayer, the thoughts are
<i>sensualized</i>.</blockquote> <i>T. H. Skinner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"su*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sensual
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"su*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sensuality;
fleshliness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"su*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sensualism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen`su*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being sensuous; sensuousness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sen"su*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to the senses, or sensible objects; addressing
the senses; suggesting pictures or images of sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To this poetry would be made precedent, as being less
subtle and fine, but more simple, <i>sensuous</i>, and
passionate.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Highly susceptible to influence through the
senses.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sen"su*ous*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sen"su*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sent</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. & n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Scent</u>,
<pos><i>v. & n.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sent</hw>, <def><pos><i>obs. 3d pers. sing. pres.</i></pos> of
<u>Send</u>, for <i>sendeth</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sent</hw>, <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Send</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"tence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from L.
<i>sententia</i>, for <i>sentientia</i>, from <i>sentire</i> to
discern by the senses and the mind, to feel, to think. See
<u>Sense</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Sentiensi</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sense; meaning; significance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Tales of best <i>sentence</i> and most
solace.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The discourse itself, voluble enough, and full of
<i>sentence</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An opinion; a decision;
a determination; a judgment, especially one of an unfavorable
nature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>sentence</i> is for open war.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That by them [Luther's works] we may pass
<i>sentence</i> upon his doctrines.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A philosophical or theological opinion; a
dogma; as, Summary of the <i>Sentences</i>; Book of the
<i>Sentences</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>In civil and admiralty law,
the judgment of a court pronounced in a cause; in criminal and
ecclesiastical courts, a judgment passed on a criminal by a court or
judge; condemnation pronounced by a judgical tribunal; doom. In common
law, the term is exclusively used to denote the judgment in criminal
cases.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Received the <i>sentence</i> of the law.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A short saying, usually containing moral
instruction; a maxim; an axiom; a saw.</def>  <i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A combination of words which
is complete as expressing a thought, and in writing is marked at the
close by a period, or full point. See <u>Proposition</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sentences</i> are simple or compound. A simple sentence
consists of one subject and one finite verb; as, "The Lord reigns." A
compound sentence contains two or more subjects and finite verbs, as
in this verse: -</p>

<p><blockquote>He fills, he bounds, connects, and equals
all.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dark sentence</b></col>, <cd>a saving not easily
explained.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>A king . . . understanding <i>dark
sentences</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dan. vii. 23.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"tence</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sentenced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sentencing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pass or pronounce
judgment upon; to doom; to condemn to punishment; to prescribe the
punishment of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nature herself is <i>sentenced</i> in your
doom.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To decree or announce as a sentence.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To utter sententiously.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"ten*cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
pronounced a sentence or condemnation.</def></p>

<p><hw>sen*ten"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Comprising sentences; as, a <i>sentential</i> translation.</def>
<i>Abp. Newcome.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a sentence, or full
period; as, a <i>sentential</i> pause.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen*ten"tial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
sentential manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen*ten"ti*a*rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sententiary.</def>  <i>Barnas Sears (Life of Luther).</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen*ten"ti*ary</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>sententiarius</i>.] <def>One who read lectures, or commented, on
the Sentences of Peter Lombard, Bishop of Paris (1159-1160), a school
divine.</def>  <i>R. Henry.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen*ten`ti*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being sententious.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen*ten"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L.
<i>sentenciosus</i>: cf. F. <i>sentencieux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Abounding with sentences, axioms, and maxims; full of meaning;
terse and energetic in expression; pithy; as, a <i>sententious</i>
style or discourse; <i>sententious</i> truth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How he apes his sire,<BR>
Ambitiously <i>sententious</i>!</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Comprising or representing sentences;
sentential.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Sententious</i> marks."  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p>--- <wf>Sen*ten"tious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sen*ten"tious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sen"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sentry.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"teur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Scent.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sen"ti*ence</hw> (?), <hw>Sen"ti*en*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sentient</u>, <u>Sentence</u>.] <def>The
quality or state of being sentient; esp., the quality or state of
having sensation.</def>  <i>G. H. Lewes </i></p>

<p><blockquote>An example of harmonious action between the
intelligence and the <i>sentieny</i> of the mind.</blockquote>
<i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"ti*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sentiens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>sentire</i> to discern or perceive by the
senses. See <u>Sense</u>.] <def>Having a faculty, or faculties, of
sensation and perception. Specif. <i>(Physiol.)</i>, especially
sensitive; as, the <i>sentient</i> extremities of nerves, which
terminate in the various organs or tissues.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"ti*ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who has the
faculty of perception; a sentient being.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"ti*ent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sentient
or perceptive way.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"ti*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>sentement</i>, OF. <i>sentement</i>, F. <i>sentiment</i>, fr. L.
<i>sentire</i> to perceive by the senses and mind, to feel, to think.
See <u>Sentient</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
thought prompted by passion or feeling; a state of mind in view of
some subject; feeling toward or respecting some person or thing;
disposition prompting to action or expression.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The word <i>sentiment</i>, agreeably to the use made of
it by our best English writers, expresses, in my own opinion very
happily, those complex determinations of the mind which result from
the co&ouml;peration of our rational powers and of our moral
feelings.</blockquote> <i>Stewart.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Alike to council or the assembly came,<BR>
With equal souls and <i>sentiments</i> the same.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, generally, a decision of the mind
formed by deliberation or reasoning; thought; opinion; notion;
judgment; as, to express one's <i>sentiments</i> on a
subject.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sentiments</i> of philosophers about the perception
of external objects.</blockquote> <i>Reid.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sentiment, as here and elsewhere employed by Reid in
the meaning of opinion (sententia), is not to be
imitated.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sentence, or passage, considered as the
expression of a thought; a maxim; a saying; a toast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Sensibility; feeling; tender
susceptibility.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mr. Hume sometimes employs (after the manner of the
French metaphysicians) <i>sentiment</i> as synonymous with feeling; a
use of the word quite unprecedented in our tongue.</blockquote>
<i>Stewart.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Less of <i>sentiment</i> than sense.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Thought; opinion; notion; sensibility; feeling.  --
<u>Sentiment</u>, <u>Opinion</u>, <u>Feeling</u>. An <i>opinion</i> is
an intellectual judgment in respect to any and every kind of truth.
<i>Feeling</i> describes those affections of pleasure and pain which
spring from the exercise of our sentient and emotional powers.
<i>Sentiment</i> (particularly in the plural) lies between them,
denoting <i>settled opinions</i> or principles in regard to subjects
which interest the feelings strongly, and are presented more or less
constantly in practical life. Hence, it is more appropriate to speak
of our religious <i>sentiments</i> than <i>opinions</i>, unless we
mean to exclude all reference to our feelings. The word
<i>sentiment</i>, in the singular, leans ordinarily more to the side
of feeling, and denotes a refined sensibility on subjects affecting
the heart. "On questions of feeling, taste, observation, or report, we
define our <i>sentiments</i>. On questions of science, argument, or
metaphysical abstraction, we define our <i>opinions</i>. The
<i>sentiments</i> of the heart. The <i>opinions</i> of the mind . . .
There is more of instinct in <i>sentiment</i>, and more of definition
in <i>opinion</i>. The admiration of a work of art which results from
first impressions is classed with our <i>sentiments</i>; and, when we
have accounted to ourselves for the approbation, it is classed with
our <i>opinions</i>." <i>W. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen`ti*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sentimental</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having, expressing, or
containing a sentiment or sentiments; abounding with moral
reflections; containing a moral reflection; didactic.</def>
[Obsoles.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Nay, ev'n each moral <i>sentimental</i> stroke,<BR>
Where not the character, but poet, spoke,<BR>
He lopped, as foreign to his chaste design,<BR>
Nor spared a useless, though a golden line.</blockquote>
<i>Whitehead.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inclined to sentiment; having an excess of
sentiment or sensibility; indulging the sensibilities for their own
sake; artificially or affectedly tender; -- often in a reproachful
sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>sentimental</i> mind is rather prone to
overwrought feeling and exaggerated tenderness.</blockquote>
<i>Whately.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Addressed or pleasing to the emotions only,
usually to the weaker and the unregulated emotions.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Romantic.  -- <u>Sentimental</u>, <u>Romantic</u>.
<i>Sentimental</i> usually describes an error or excess of the
sensibilities; <i>romantic</i>, a vice of the imagination. The votary
of the former gives indulgence to his sensibilities for the mere
luxury of their excitement; the votary of the latter allows his
imagination to rove for the pleasure of creating scenes of ideal
enjoiment. "Perhaps there is no less danger in works called
<i>sentimental</i>. They attack the heart more successfully, because
more cautiously." <i>V. Knox.</i> "I can not but look on an
indifferency of mind, as to the good or evil things of this life, as a
mere <i>romantic</i> fancy of such who would be thought to be much
wiser than they ever were, or could be." <i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen`ti*men"tal*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sentimentalisme</i>.] <def>The quality of being sentimental; the
character or behavior of a sentimentalist; sentimentality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen`ti*men"tal*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sentimentaliste</i>.] <def>One who has, or affects, sentiment or
fine feeling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen`ti*men*tal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. F.
<i>sentimentalit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
sentimental.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen`ti*men"tal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
regard in a sentimental manner; as, to <i>sentimentalize</i> a
subject.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen`ti*men"tal*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To think
or act in a sentimental manner, or like a sentimentalist; to affect
exquisite sensibility.</def>  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen`ti*men"tal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
sentimental manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sentina</i>
bilge water, hold of a ship, dregs: cf. F. <i>sentine</i>.] <def>A
place for dregs and dirt; a sink; a sewer.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"ti*nel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sentinelle</i>
(cf. It. <i>sentinella</i>); probably originally, a litle path, the
sentinel's beat,, and a dim. of a word meaning, path; cf. F.
<i>sente</i> path. L. <i>semita</i>; and OF. <i>sentine</i>,
<i>sentele</i>, <i>senteret</i>, diminutive words.  Cf.
<u>Sentry</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who watches or guards;
specifically <i>(Mil.)</i>, a soldier set to guard an army, camp, or
other place, from surprise, to observe the approach of danger, and
give notice of it; a sentry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sentinels</i> who paced the
ramparts.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Watch; guard.</def> [Obs.] "That princes do
keep due <i>sentinel</i>."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A marine crab
(<i>Podophthalmus vigil</i>) native of the Indian Ocean, remarkable
for the great length of its eyestalks; -- called also <i>sentinel
crab</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"ti*nel</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sentineled</u> (?) or <u>Sentinelled</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Sentineling</u> or <u>Sentinelling</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To watch over like a sentinel.</def> "To
<i>sentinel</i> enchanted land." [R.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with a sentinel; to place under
the guard of a sentinel or sentinels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen`ti*sec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sentire</i> to feel + E. <i>section</i>.] <def>Painful vivisection;
-- opposed to <i>callisection</i>.</def>  <i>B. G. Wilder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sentires</b></plw> (#). [Probably from OF. <i>senteret</i> a
little patch; cf. F. <i>sentier</i> path, and OF. <i>sente</i>. See
<u>Sentinel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A soldier
placed on guard; a sentinel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Guard; watch, as by a sentinel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here toils, and death, and death's half-brother,
sleep,<BR>
Forms terrible to view, their <i>sentry</i> keep.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sentry box</b></col>, <cd>a small house or box to cover a
sentinel at his post, and shelter him from the weather.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Sen"za</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>Without; as, <i>senza</i> stromenti, without
instruments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"pal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>sepalum</i>,
formed in imitation of NL. <i>petalum</i>, petal, to denote one of the
divisions of the calyx: cf. F. <i>s&eacute;pale</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A leaf or division of the calyx.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When the calyx consists of but one part, it is said to be
<i>monosepalous</i>; when of two parts, it is said to be
<i>disepalous</i>; when of a variable and indefinite number of parts,
it is said to be <i>polysepalous</i>; when of several parts united, it
is properly called <i>gamosepalous</i>.</p>

<p><! p. 1312 !></p>

<p><hw>Se"paled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having one or more sepals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"al*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Relating to, or having the nature of, sepals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*pal"o*dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sepal</i>  + Gr.
&?;&?;&?; form.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The metamorphosis of other floral
organs into sepals or sepaloid bodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"al*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sepal</i>  + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Like a sepal, or a division of a
calyx.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having, or relating to, sepals; -- used mostly in composition.
See under <u>Sepal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep`a*ra*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality
of being separable or divisible; divisibility;
separableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"a*ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>separabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>s&eacute;parable</i>.] <def>Capable of
being separated, disjoined, disunited, or divided; as, the
<i>separable</i> parts of plants; qualities not <i>separable</i> from
the substance in which they exist.</def> --
<wf>Sep"a*ra*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sep"a*ra*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Trials permit me not to doubt of the
<i>separableness</i> of a yellow tincture from gold.</blockquote>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep"a*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Separated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Separating</u>.] [L. <i>separatus</i>, p. p. of <i>separare</i> to
separate; pfref. <i>se-</i> aside + <i>parare</i> to make ready,
prepare. See <u>Parade</u>, and cf. <u>Sever</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To disunite; to divide; to disconnect; to sever; to part in any
manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From the fine gold I <i>separate</i> the
alloy.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Separate</i> thyself, I pray thee, from
me.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xiii. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who shall <i>separate</i> us from the love of
Christ?</blockquote> <i>Rom. viii. 35.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To come between; to keep apart by occupying
the space between; to lie between; as, the Mediterranean Sea
<i>separates</i> Europe and Africa.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To set apart; to select from among others,
as for a special use or service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Separate</i> me Barnabas and Saul for the work
whereunto I have called thaem.</blockquote> <i>Acts xiii. 2.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Separated flowers</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>flowers
which have stamens and pistils in separate flowers; diclinous
flowers.</cd>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep"a*rate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To part; to
become disunited; to be disconnected; to withdraw from one another;
as, the family <i>separated</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"a*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>separatus</i>, p. p. ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Divided from another
or others; disjoined; disconnected; separated; -- said of things once
connected.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Him that was <i>separate</i> from his
brethren.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xlix. 26.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unconnected; not united or associated;
distinct; -- said of things that have not been connected.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For such an high priest became us, who is holy,
harmless, undefiled, <i>separate</i> from sinnere.</blockquote>
<i>Heb. vii. 26.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Disunited from the body; disembodied; as, a
<i>separate</i> spirit; the <i>separate</i> state of souls.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Separate estate</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an estate
limited to a married woman independent of her husband.</cd> --
<col><b>Separate maintenance</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an allowance
made to a wife by her husband under deed of separation.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sep"a*rate*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sep"a*rate*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sep`a*rat"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to separatism in religion; schismatical.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr.
T. Dwight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep"a*ra`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Designed or
employed to separate.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Separating funnel</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a funnel,
often globe-shaped, provided with a stopcock for the separate drawing
off of immiscible liquids of different specific gravities.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sep`a*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>separatio</i>: cf. F. <i>s&eacute;paration</i>.] <def>The act of
separating, or the state of being separated, or separate.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Chemical analysis.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Divorce.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Steam
Boilers)</i> <def>The operation of removing water from
steam.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Judicial separation</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a form of
divorce; a separation of man and wife which has the effect of making
each a single person for all legal purposes but without ability to
contract a new marriage.</cd> <i>Mozley & W.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep"a*ra*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. F.
<i>s&eacute;paratisme</i>.] <def>The character or act of a separatist;
disposition to withdraw from a church; the practice of so
withdrawing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep`a*ra*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;paratiste</i>.] <def>One who withdraws or separates
himself; especially, one who withdraws from a church to which he has
belonged; a seceder from an established church; a dissenter; a
nonconformist; a schismatic; a sectary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Heavy fines on divines who should preach in any meeting
of <i>separatist</i> .</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep`a*ra*tis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to separatists; characterizing separatists;
schismatical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"a*ra*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>separativus</i>.] <def>Causing, or being to cause,
separation.</def> "<i>Separative</i> virtue of extreme cold."
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep"a*ra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who,
or that which, separates.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Steam Boilers)</i> <def>A device for depriving steam of particles
of water mixed with it.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mining)</i>
<def>An apparatus for sorting pulverized ores into grades, or
separating them from gangue.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<i>(Weaving)</i> <def>An instrument used for spreading apart the
threads of the warp in the loom, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"a*ra*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Separative.</def>  <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep"a*ra*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;paratoire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
apparatus used in separating, as a separating funnel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A surgical instrument for
separating the pericranium from the cranium.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sep`a*ra"trix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>-trices</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>-trixes</b></plw> (#). [L.,
she that separates.] <i>(Arith.)</i> <def>The decimal point; the dot
placed at the left of a decimal fraction, to separate it from the
whole number which it follows. The term is sometimes also applied to
other marks of separation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*pawn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Supawn</u>.
</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sep"e*li*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sepelibilis</i>, fr.  <i>sepelire</i> to bury.] <def>Admitting of
burial.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep`e*li"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Burial.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"phen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large sting ray of the genus <i>Trygon</i>, especially <i>T.
sephen</i> of the Indian Ocean and the Red Sea. The skin is an article
of commerce.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"pi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Sepias</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Sepi&aelig;</b></plw> (#).
[L., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?; the cuttlefish, or squid.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The common European
cuttlefish.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A genus comprising the
common cuttlefish and numerous similar species. See <i>Illustr</i>.
under <u>Cuttlefish</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pigment prepared from the ink, or black
secretion, of the sepia, or cuttlefish. Treated with caustic potash,
it has a rich brown color; and this mixed with a red forms <i>Roman
sepia</i>.  Cf. <i>India ink</i>, under <u>India</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sepia</b></col> <col><b>drawing or picture</b></col>, <cd>a
drawing in monochrome, made in sepia alone, or in sepia with other
brown pigments.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Se"pi*a</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a dark brown color,
with a little red in its composition; also, made of, or done in,
sepia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"pic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
sepia; done in sepia; as, a <i>sepic</i> drawing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep`i*da"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining to the cuttlefishes of the
genus Sepia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"i*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sepimentum</i>, <i>saepimentum</i>, from <i>sepire</i>,
<i>saepire</i>, to hedge in.] <def>Something that separates; a hedge;
a fence.</def> [R.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"pi*o*lite`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Septa</i> +
<i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Meerschaum. See
<u>Meerschaum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"pi*o*stare`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sepia</i> +
Gr. &?;&?;&?; a bone.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The bone or shell of
cuttlefish. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Cuttlefish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*pon"</hw> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Supawn</u>.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Se*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. pref <i>se-</i>
aside + E. <i>pose</i>.] <def>To set apart.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*pos"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sepositus</i>, p. p. of <i>seponere</i> to set aside.] <def>To set
aside; to give up.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sep`o*si"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sepositio</i>.] <def>The act of setting aside, or of giving
up.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"poy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per.
<i>sip&amacr;h&imacr;</i>, fr. <i>sip&amacr;h</i> an army.  Cf.
<u>Spahi</u>.] <def>A native of India employed as a soldier in the
service of a European power, esp. of Great Britain; an Oriental
soldier disciplined in the European manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sep*pu"ku</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Hara-kiri</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Seppuku</i>, or hara-kiri, also came into
vogue.</blockquote> <i>W. E. Griffis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep"sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
putrefaction.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A soluble poison
(ptomaine) present in putrid blood. It is also formed in the
putrefaction of proteid matter in general.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sep"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?; putrefaction.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The poisoning of the
system by the introduction of putrescent material into the
blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sept</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of
<i>sect</i>, n.] <def>A clan, tribe, or family, proceeding from a
common progenitor; -- used especially of the ancient clans in
Ireland.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The chief, struck by the illustration, asked at once to
be baptized, and all his <i>sept</i> followed his
example.</blockquote> <i>S. Lover.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sep*t&aelig;"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;&?;&?; putrid + &?;&?;&?; blood.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Septic&aelig;mia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
a septum or septa, as of a coral or a shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"tane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>septem</i>
seven.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Heptane</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sep"tan`gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Septi-</i> +
<i>angle</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A figure which has seven angles; a
heptagon.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sep*tan"gu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Heptagonal.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sep*ta"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;<i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Septaria</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. L. <i>septum</i>,
<i>saeptum</i>, an inclosure, a partition, fr. <i>sepire</i>,
<i>saepire</i>, to inclose.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A flattened
concretionary nodule, usually of limestone, intersected within by
cracks which are often filled with calcite, barite, or other
minerals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>septum</i>,
<i>saeptum</i>, partition.] <def>Divided by partition or partitions;
having septa; as, a <i>septate</i> pod or shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*tem"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>septem</i> seven, as being the seventh month of the Roman year,
which began with March: cf. F. <i>septembre</i>. See <u>Seven</u>.]
<def>The ninth month of the year, containing thurty days.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*tem"ber*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
Setembrist.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep*tem"brist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>septembriste</i>.] <def>An agent in the massacres in Paris,
committed in patriotic frenzy, on the 22d of September,
1792.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*tem"flu*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L.
<i>septemfluus</i>; <i>septem</i> seven + <i>fluere</i> to flow.]
<def>Flowing sevenfold; divided into seven streams or currents.</def>
[R.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep*tem"par*tite</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>septem</i> seven + E. <i>partite</i>.] <def>Divided nearly to the
base into seven parts; as, a <i>septempartite</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*tem"tri*oun</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Septentrion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sep*tem"vir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Septemvirs</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Septemviri</b></plw> (#).
[L. <i>septemviri</i>, pl.; <i>septem</i> seven + <i>viri</i>, pl. of
<i>vir</i> man.] <i>(Rom. Hist.)</i> <def>One of a board of seven men
associated in some office.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*tem"vi*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[L.
<i>septemviratus</i>.] <def>The office of septemvir; a government by
septimvirs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"ten*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>septenairus</i>, from <i>septeni</i> seven each, <i>septem</i>
seven: cf. F. <i>sept&eacute;naire</i>. See <u>Seven</u>. ]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of, or relating to, seven; as, a
<i>septenary</i> number.</def>  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lasting seven years; continuing seven
years.</def> "<i>Septenary</i> penance."  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep"ten*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The number
seven.</def> [R.]  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep"ten*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>septeni</i>
seven each.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having parts in sevens;
heptamerous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*ten"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>septennat</i>.] <def>A period of seven years; as, the
<i>septennate</i> during which the President of the French Republic
holds office.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*ten"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>septennium</i> a period of seven years; <i>septem</i> seven +
<i>annus</i> year. See <u>Seven</u>, and <u>Annual</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lasting or continuing seven years; as,
<i>septennial</i> parliaments.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Happening or returning once in every seven
years; as, <i>septennial</i> elections in England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*ten"ni*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Once in
seven years.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*ten"tri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Septentrional.</def>  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sep*ten"tri*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Septentrion</u>.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The constellation Ursa
Major.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*ten"tri*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>septentrio</i> the northern regions, the north, fr.
<i>septentriones</i> the seven stars near the north pole, called
Charles's Wain, or the Great Bear, also those called the Little Bear;
properly, the seven plow oxen; <i>septem</i> seven + <i>trio</i>,
orig., a plow ox: cf. F. <i>septentrion</i>.] <def>The north or
northern regions.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Both East West, South and
<i>Septentrioun</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sep*ten"tri*on</hw> (?), <hw>Sep*ten"tri*on*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>septentrionalis</i>: cf. F.
<i>septentrional</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the north;
northern.</def> "From cold <i>septentrion</i> blasts."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep*ten`tri*on*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Northerliness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*ten"tri*on*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Northerly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*ten"tri*on*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
tend or point toward the north; to north.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sep*tet"</hw>, <hw>Sep*tette"</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L. <i>septem</i> seven, like <i>duet</i>,
from L. <i>duo</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A set of seven persons or
objects; as, a <i>septet</i> of singers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A musical composition for
seven instruments or seven voices; -- called also
<i>septuor</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sept"foil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sept</i> seven
(L. <i>septem</i>) + E. <i>foil</i> leaf: cf. L. <i>septifolium</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A European herb, the tormentil.
See <u>Tormentil</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An ornamental foliation
having seven lobes.  Cf. <u>Cinquefoil</u>, <u>Quarterfoil</u>, and
<u>Trefoil</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.Art.)</i> <def>A typical figure,
consisting of seven equal segments of a circle, used to denote the
gifts of the Holy Chost, the seven sacraments as recognized by the
Roman Catholic Church, etc.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sep"ti-</hw> (?), [L. <i>septem</i> seven.] <def>A combining
form meaning <i>seven</i>; as, <i>septi</i>folious, seven-leaved;
<i>septi</i>-lateral, seven-sided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Septi-</i> + <i>-
ic</i>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Of the seventh degree or order.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>A quantic of the seventh
degree.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sep"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Sep"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>septicus</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;, fr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; to make putrid: cf. F. <i>septique</i>.] <def>Having
power to promote putrefaction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A substance that
promotes putrefaction.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sep`ti*c&aelig;"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
from Gr. &?;&?;&?; putrefactive + &?;&?;&?; blood.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A poisoned condition of the blood produced by the absorption into
it of septic or putrescent material; blood poisoning.  It is marked by
chills, fever, prostration, and inflammation of the different serous
membranes and of the lungs, kidneys, and other organs.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Sep"tic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a septic
manner; in a manner tending to promote putrefaction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"ti*ci`dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Septum</i> +
L. <i>caedere</i> to cut: cf. F. <i>septicide</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Dividing the partitions; -- said of a method of dehiscence in
which a pod splits through the partitions and is divided into its
component carpels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*tic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Septic</u>.] <def>Tendency to putrefaction; septic
quality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep`ti*fa"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>septifariam</i> sevenfold.  Cf. <u>Bifarious</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Turned in seven different ways.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*tif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Septum</i> +
<i>-ferous</i>: cf. F. <i>septif&egrave;re</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Bearing a partition; -- said of the valves of a
capsule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*tif"er*ous</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
putrefied + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Conveying putrid poison; as, the
virulence of <i>septiferous</i> matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*tif"lu*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [CF.
<u>Septemfluous</u>.] <def>Flowing in seven streams;
septemfluous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep`ti*fo"li*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Septi-</i>
+ L. <i>folium</i> leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having seven
leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"ti*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Septum</i> +
<i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the form of a septum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*tif"ra*gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Septum</i> +
L. <i>frangere</i>, <i>fractum</i>, to break.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Breaking from the partitions; -- said of a method of dehiscence
in which the valves of a pod break away from the partitions, and these
remain attached to the common axis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep`ti*lat"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Septi-</i>
+ <i>lateral</i>.] <def>Having seven sides; as, a <i>septilateral</i>
figure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*til"lion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>septilion</i>, formed fr. L. <i>septem</i> seven, in imitation of
<i>million</i>.] <def>According to the French method of numeration
(which is followed also in the United States), the number expressed by
a unit with twenty-four ciphers annexed. According to the English
method, the number expressed by a unit with forty-two ciphers annexed.
See <u>Numeration</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"ti*mole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.  <i>septem</i>
seven.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A group of seven notes to be played in the
time of four or six.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*tin"su*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sept</i>i- +
<i>insular</i>.] <def>Consisting of seven islands; as, the
<i>septinsular</i> republic of the Ionian Isles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"ti*syl`la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Septi-</i>
+ <i>syllable</i>.] <def>A word of seven syllables.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*to"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>septem</i>
seven.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Heptoic</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sep`to*max"il*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the nasal septum and the
maxilla; situated in the region of these parts.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small bone between the nasal septum and
the maxilla in many reptiles and amphibians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep`tu*a*ge*na"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
person who is seventy years of age; a septuagenary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep`tu*ag"e*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>septuagenarius</i>, fr. <i>septuageny</i> seventy each; akin to
<i>septuaginta</i> seventy, <i>septem</i> seven. See <u>Seven</u>.]
<def>Consisting of seventy; also, seventy years old.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A septuagenarian.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sep`tu*a*ges"i*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>septuagesimus</i> the seventieth, fr. <i>septuaginta</i> seventy.]
<i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The third Sunday before Lent; -- so called because
it is about seventy days before Easter.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1313 !></p>

<p><hw>Sep`tu*a*ges"i*mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Consisting of seventy days, years, etc.; reckoned by
seventies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our abridged and <i>septuagesimal</i> age.</blockquote>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep"tu*a*gint</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>septuaginta</i> seventy.] <def>A Greek version of the Old
Testament; -- so called because it was believed to be the work of
seventy (or rather of seventy-two) translators.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The causes which produced it [the Septuagint], the number
and names of the translators, the times at which different portions
were translated, are all uncertain. The only point in which all agree
is that Alexandria was the birthplace of the version. On one other
point there is a near agreement, namely, as to time, that the version
was made, or at least commenced, in the time of the early Ptolemies,
in the first half of the third century b.c.  <i>Dr. W. Smith (Bib.
Dict.)</i></p>

<p><col><b>Septuagint chronology</b></col>, <cd>the chronology founded
upon the dates of the Septuagint, which makes 1500 years more from the
creation to Abraham than the Hebrew Bible.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sep"tu*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>septem</i>
seven.] <def>Something composed of seven; a week.</def> [R.]
<i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep"tu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Dim. fr.
<i>septum</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having imperfect or spurious
septa.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sep"tu*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Septula</b></plw> (#). [NL., dim. of L. <i>septum</i> septum.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A little septum; a division between small cavities
or parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sep"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Septa</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>septum</i>, <i>saeptum</i>, an
inclosure, hedge, fence, fr. <i>sepire</i>, <i>saepire</i>, to hedge
in, inclose.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A wall separating two cavities;
a partition; as, the nasal <i>septum</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A partition that separates
the cells of a fruit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One
of the radial calcareous plates of a coral.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>One of the transverse partitions dividing the shell of a mollusk,
or of a rhizopod, into several chambers. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Nautilus</u>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>One of the transverse
partitions dividing the body cavity of an annelid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"tu*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A septet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"tu*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>septuplus</i>; cf. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;:cf. F. <i>septuple</i>.  Cf.
<u>Double</u>, <u>Quadruple</u>.] <def>Seven times as much; multiplied
by seven; sevenfold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"tu*ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Septupled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Septupling</u> (?).] <def>To multiply by seven; to make
sevenfold.</def>  <i>Sir J. Herschel.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sep"ul*cher</hw>, <hw>Sep"ul*chre</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sepulcre</i>, OF. sepulcre, F.
<i>s&eacute;pulcre</i>, fr. L. <i>sepulcrum</i>, <i>sepulchrum</i>,
fr. <i>sepelire</i> to bury.] <def>The place in which the dead body of
a human being is interred, or a place set apart for that purpose; a
grave; a tomb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stony entrance of this
<i>sepulcher</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The first day of the week cometh Mary Magdalene early,
when it was yet dark, unto the <i>sepulcher</i>.</blockquote> <i>John
xx. 1.</i></p>

<p><col><b>A whited sepulcher</b></col>. <cd>Fig.: Any person who is
fair outwardly but unclean or vile within.  See <i>Matt. xxiii.
27.</i></cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sep"ul*cher</hw>, <hw>Sep"ul*chre</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sepulchered</u> (?) or
<u>Sepulchred</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sepulchering</u> (?) or <u>Sepulchring</u> (&?;).] <def>To bury; to
inter; to entomb; as, obscurely <i>sepulchered</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And so <i>sepulchered</i> in such pomp dost lie<BR>
That kings for such a tomb would wish to die.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*pul"chral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sepulcralis</i>: cf. F. <i>s&eacute;pulcral</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to burial, to the grave, or
to monuments erected to the memory of the dead; as, a
<i>sepulchral</i> stone; a <i>sepulchral</i> inscription.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unnaturally low and grave; hollow in tone;
-- said of sound, especially of the voice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This exaggerated dulling of the voice . . . giving what
is commonly called a <i>sepulchral</i> tone.</blockquote> <i>H.
Sweet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep"ul*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>s&eacute;pulture</i>, L. <i>sepultura</i>, fr. <i>sepelire</i>,
<i>sepultum</i>, to bury.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
depositing the dead body of a human being in the grave; burial;
interment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where we may royal <i>sepulture</i>
prepare.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sepulcher; a grave; a place of
burial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Drunkeness that is the horrible <i>sepulture</i> of
man's reason.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*qua"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sequax</i>,
<i>-acis</i>, fr. <i>suquit</i> to follow. See <u>Sue</u> to follow. ]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inclined to follow a leader; following;
attendant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Trees uprooted left their place,<BR>
<i>Sequacious</i> of the lyre.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, ductile; malleable; pliant;
manageable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the greater bodies the forge was easy, the matter
being ductile and <i>sequacious</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having or observing logical sequence;
logically consistent and rigorous; consecutive in development or
transition of thought.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The scheme of pantheistic omniscience so prevalent
among the <i>sequacious</i> thinkers of the day.</blockquote> <i>Sir
W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Milton was not an extensive or discursive thinker, as
Shakespeare was; for the motions of his mind were slow, solemn, and
<i>sequacious</i>, like those of the planets.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*qua"cious*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being sequacious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*quac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sequacitas</i>.] <def>Quality or state of being sequacious;
sequaciousness.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"quel</hw> (s&emacr;"kw&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sequela</i>, fr. <i>sequit</i> to follow: cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;quelle</i> a following. See <u>Sue</u> to follow.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which follows; a succeeding part;
continuation; as, the <i>sequel</i> of a man's advantures or
history.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, let me say no more!<BR>
Gather the <i>sequel</i> by that went before.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consequence; event; effect; result; as, let
the sun cease, fail, or swerve, and the <i>sequel</i> would be
ruin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Conclusion; inference.</def> [R.]
<i>Whitgift.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Se*que"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sequel&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., a follower, a result, from
<i>sequit</i> to follow.] <def>One who, or that which, follows.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An adherent, or a band or sect
of adherents.</def> "Coleridge and his <i>sequela</i>." <i>G. P.
Marsh.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>That which follows as the logical
result of reasoning; inference; conclusion; suggestion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sequel&aelig;</i>, or thoughts suggested by the
preceding aphorisms.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A morbid phenomenon left as
the result of a disease; a disease resulting from another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"quence</hw> (s&emacr;"kw<i>e</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>s&eacute;quence</i>, L.  <i>sequentia</i>, fr.  <i>sequens</i>.
See <u>Sequent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being
sequent; succession; order of following; arrangement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How art thou a king<BR>
But by fair <i>sequence</i> and succession?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sequence</i> and series of the seasons of the
year.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which follows or succeeds as an
effect; sequel; consequence; result.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The inevitable <i>sequences</i> of sin and
punishment.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Philos.)</i> <def>Simple succession, or the
coming after in time, without asserting or implying causative energy;
as, the reactions of chemical agents may be conceived as merely
invariable <i>sequences</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any
succession of chords (or harmonic phrase) rising or falling by the
regular diatonic degrees in the same scale; a succession of similar
harmonic steps.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A melodic phrase or
passage successively repeated one tone higher; a rosalia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(R.C.Ch.)</i> <def>A hymn introduced in the
Mass on certain festival days, and recited or sung immediately before
the gospel, and after the gradual or introit, whence the name.</def>
<i>Bp. Fitzpatrick.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Originally the <i>sequence</i> was called a Prose,
because its early form was rhythmical prose.</blockquote>
<i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Card Playing)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Whist)</i> <def>Three or more cards of the same suit in
immediately consecutive order of value; as, ace, king, and queen; or
knave, ten, nine, and eight.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Poker)</i>
<def>All five cards, of a hand, in consecutive order as to value, but
not necessarily of the same suit; when of one suit, it is called a
<i>sequence flush</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Se"quent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sequens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>sequi</i> to follow. See <u>Sue</u> to
follow.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Following; succeeding; in
continuance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What to this was <i>sequent</i><BR>
Thou knowest already.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Following as an effect;
consequent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"quent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
follower.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which follows as a result; a
sequence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*quen"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Succeeding or
following in order.</def> -- <wf>Se*quen"tial*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Se*ques"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sequestered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sequestering</u>.] [F. <i>s&eacute;questrer</i>, L.
<i>sequestrare</i> to give up for safe keeping, from <i>sequester</i>
a depositary or trustee in whose hands the thing contested was placed
until the dispute was settled.  Cf. <u>Sequestrate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To separate from the owner for a
time; to take from parties in controversy and put into the possession
of an indifferent person; to seize or take possession of, as property
belonging to another, and hold it till the profits have paid the
demand for which it is taken, or till the owner has performed the
decree of court, or clears himself of contempt; in international law,
to confiscate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Formerly the goods of a defendant in chancery were, in
the last resort, <i>sequestered</i> and detained to enforce the
decrees of the court. And now the profits of a benefice are
<i>sequestered</i> to pay the debts of ecclesiastics.</blockquote>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause (one) to submit to the process of
sequestration; to deprive (one) of one's estate, property,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was his tailor and his cook, his fine fashions and
his French ragouts, which <i>sequestered</i> him.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To set apart; to put aside; to remove; to
separate from other things.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I had wholly <i>sequestered</i> my civil
affairss.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cause to retire or withdraw into
obscurity; to seclude; to withdraw; -- often used
reflexively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When men most <i>sequester</i> themselves from
action.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A love and desire to <i>sequester</i> a man's self for
a higher conversation.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*ques"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To withdraw; to retire.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>sequester</i> out of the world into Atlantic and
Utopian politics.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To renounce (as a widow may)
any concern with the estate of her husband.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*ques"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sequestration; separation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A person with whom two or more
contending parties deposit the subject matter of the controversy; one
who mediates between two parties; a mediator; an umpire or
referee.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Sequestrum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*ques"tered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Retired;
secluded.</def> "<i>Sequestered</i> scenes."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Along the cool, <i>sequestered</i> vale of
life.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*ques"tra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being sequestered; subject or liable to sequestration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*ques"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a sequestrum.</def>  <i>Quian.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*ques"trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sequestrated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sequestrating</u>.] <def>To sequester.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seq`ues*tra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sequestratio</i>: cf. F. <i>s&eacute;questration</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Civil & Com. Law)</i>
<def>The act of separating, or setting aside, a thing in controversy
from the possession of both the parties that contend for it, to be
delivered to the one adjudged entitled to it. It may be voluntary or
involuntary.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Chancery)</i> <def>A
prerogative process empowering certain commissioners to take and hold
a defendant's property and receive the rents and profits thereof,
until he clears himself of a contempt or performs a decree of the
court.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Eccl. Law)</i> <def>A kind of
execution for a rent, as in the case of a beneficed clerk, of the
profits of a benefice, till he shall have satisfied some debt
established by decree; the gathering up of the fruits of a benefice
during a vacancy, for the use of the next incumbent; the disposing of
the goods, by the ordinary, of one who is dead, whose estate no man
will meddle with.</def> <i>Craig.</i> <i>Tomlins.</i> <i>Wharton.</i>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Internat. Law)</i> <def>The seizure of the
property of an individual for the use of the state; particularly
applied to the seizure, by a belligerent power, of debts due from its
subjects to the enemy.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being separated or set aside;
separation; retirement; seclusion from society.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Since Henry Monmouth first began to reign, . . . <BR>
This loathsome <i>sequestration</i> have I had.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Disunion; disjunction.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seq"ues*tra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., one that
hinders or impedes.] <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One who
sequesters property, or takes the possession of it for a time, to
satisfy a demand out of its rents or profits.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One to whom the keeping of sequestered
property is committed.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Se*ques"trum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sequestra</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Sequester</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A portion of dead bone which becomes separated from
the sound portion, as in necrosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"quin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sequin</i>, It.
<i>zecchino</i>, from <i>zecca</i> the mint, fr. Ar. <i>sekkah</i>,
<i>sikkah</i>, a die, a stamp.  Cf. <u>Zechin</u>.] <def>An old gold
coin of Italy and Turkey. It was first struck at Venice about the end
of the 13th century, and afterward in the other Italian cities, and by
the Levant trade was introduced into Turkey. It is worth about 9s. 3d.
sterling, or about $2.25. The different kinds vary somewhat in
value.</def> [Written also <i>chequin</i>, and <i>zequin</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Se*quoi"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. So called by Dr.
Endlicher in honor of <i>Sequoyah</i>, who invented the Cherokee
alphabet.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of coniferous trees, consisting
of two species, <i>Sequoia Washingtoniana</i>, syn. <i>S.
gigantea</i>, the "big tree" of California, and <i>S.
sempervirens</i>, the redwood, both of which attain an immense
height.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*quoi"&euml;ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A hydrocarbon (C<sub>13</sub>H<sub>10</sub>) obtained in white
fluorescent crystals, in the distillation products of the needles of
the California "big tree" (<i>Sequoia gigantea</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*ragl"io</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>serraglio</i>, originally, an inclosure of palisades, afterwards
also, a palace, seraglio (by confusion with Per.
<i>ser&amacr;&iuml;</i>a a palace, an entirely different word), fr.
<i>serrare</i> to shut, fr. LL. <i>serra</i> a bar for fastening
doors, L. <i>sera</i>. See <u>Serry</u>, <u>Series</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An inclosure; a place of separation.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I went to the Ghetto, where the Jews dwell as in a
suburb, by themselves. I passed by the piazza Judea, where their
<i>seraglio</i> begins.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The palace of the Grand Seignior, or
Turkish sultan, at Constantinople, inhabited by the sultan himself,
and all the officers and dependents of his court. In it are also kept
the females of the harem.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A harem; a place for keeping wives or
concubines; sometimes, loosely, a place of licentious pleasure; a
house of debauchery.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Se*ra"i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per.
<i>ser&amacr;&iuml;</i>, or <i>sar&amacr;</i>&iuml;, a palace, a
king's court, a seraglio, an inn.  Cf. <u>Caravansary</u>.] <def>A
palace; a seraglio; also, in the East, a place for the accommodation
of travelers; a caravansary, or rest house.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser`al*bu"men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.
CHem.)</i> <def>Serum albumin.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Se*rang"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per. <i>sarhang</i>
a commander.] <def>The boatswain of a Lascar or East Ondian
crew.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Se*ra"pe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. Amer.
<i>sarape</i>.] <def>A blanket or shawl worn as an outer garment by
the Spanish Americans, as in Mexico.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"aph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Seraphs</b></plw> (#), Heb. <plw><b>Seraphim</b></plw> (#).
[Heb. <i>ser&amacr;phim</i>, pl.] <def>One of an order of celestial
beings, each having three pairs of wings. In ecclesiastical art and in
poetry, a seraph is represented as one of a class of angels.</def>
<i>Isa. vi. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As full, as perfect, in vile man that mourns,<BR>
As the rapt <i>seraph</i> that adores and burns.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Seraph moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
numerous species of geometrid moths of the genus <i>Lobophora</i>,
having the hind wings deeply bilobed, so that they seem to have six
wings.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Se*raph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Se*raph"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>s&eacute;raphique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to a seraph; becoming, or suitable to, a seraph; angelic;
sublime; pure; refined.</def> "<i>Seraphic</i> arms and trophies."
<i>Milton.</i> "<i>Seraphical</i> fervor." <i>Jer. Taylor.</i> --
<wf>Se*raph"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Se*raph"ic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Se*raph"i*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
character, quality, or state of a seraph; seraphicalness.</def> [R.]
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser"a*phim</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Hebrew
plural of <u>Seraph</u>.  Cf. <u>Cherubim</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The double plural form <i>seraphims</i> is sometimes used,
as in the King James version of the Bible, <i>Isa. vi. 2 and
6.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1314 !></p>

<p><hw>Ser`a*phi"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>A
seraphine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"a*phine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Seraph</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A wind instrument whose sounding
parts are reeds, consisting of a thin tongue of brass playing freely
through a slot in a plate. It has a case, like a piano, and is played
by means of a similar keybord, the bellows being worked by the foot.
The <i>melodeon</i> is a portable variety of this
instrument.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Se*ra"pis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;.] <i>(Myth.)</i> <def>An Egyptian deity, at first
a symbol of the Nile, and so of fertility; later, one of the
divinities of the lower world. His worship was introduced into Greece
and Rome.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*ras"kier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk., fr. Per.
<i>ser</i> head, chief + Ar. <i>'asker</i> an army.] <def>A general or
commander of land forces in the Turkish empire; especially, the
commander-in-chief of minister of war.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*ras"kier*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office
or authority of a seraskier.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser*bo"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
the lake of Serbonis in Egypt, which by reason of the sand blowing
into it had a deceptive appearance of being solid land, but was a
bog.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A gulf profound as that <i>Serbonian</i> bog . . . <BR>
Where armies whole have sunk.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sere</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dry; withered. Same as
<u>Sear</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But with its sound it shook the sails<BR>
That were so thin and <i>sere</i>.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sere</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>serre</i>.] <def>Claw;
talon.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Se*rein"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.  Cf.
<u>Serenade</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Meteorol.)</i> <def>A mist,
or very fine rain, which sometimes falls from a clear sky a few
moments after sunset.</def>  <i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser`e*nade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>s&eacute;r&eacute;nade</i>, It. <i>serenata</i>, probably fr. L.
<i>serenus</i> serene (cf. <u>Serene</u>), misunderstood as a
derivative fr. L. <i>serus</i> late.  Cf. <u>Soir&eacute;e</u>.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Music sung or performed in the
open air at nights; -- usually applied to musical entertainments given
in the open air at night, especially by gentlemen, in a spirit of
gallantry, under the windows of ladies.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A piece of music suitable to be performed at such
times.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser`e*nade"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Serenaded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Serenading</u>.] <def>To entertain with a serenade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser`e*nade"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To perform a
serenade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser`e*nad"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
serenades.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ser`e*na"ta</hw> (?), <hw>Ser"e*nate</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>serenata</i>. See <u>Serenade</u>.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A piece of vocal music, especially one on an
amoreus subject; a serenade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or <i>serenate</i>, which the starved lover sings<BR>
To his pround fair.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The name <i>serenata</i> was given by Italian composers in
the time of Handel, and by Handel himself, to a cantata of a pastoreal
of dramatic character, to a secular ode, etc.; also by Mozart and
others to an orchectral composition, in several movements, midway
between the suite of an earlier period and the modern symphony.
<i>Grove.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*rene"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>serenus</i> to
grow dry, Gr. &?;&?;&?; hot, scorching.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Bright; clear; unabscured; as, a <i>serene</i> sky.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The moon <i>serene</i> in glory mounts the
sky.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Full many a gem of purest ray <i>serene</i><BR>
The dark unfathomed caves of ocean bear.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Calm; placid; undisturbed; unruffled; as, a
<i>serene</i> aspect; a <i>serene</i> soul.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In several countries of Europe, <i>Serene</i> is given as a
tittle to princes and the members of their families; as, His
<i>Serene</i> Highness.</p>

<p><col><b>Drop serene</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Amaurosis</u>.</cd>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*rene"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Serenity; clearness; calmness.</def> [Poetic.] "The <i>serene</i>
of heaven."  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To their master is denied<BR>
To share their sweet <i>serene</i>.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [F. <i>serein</i> evening dew or damp. See
<u>Serein</u>.] <def>Evening air; night chill.</def> [Obs.] "Some
<i>serene</i> blast me."  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*rene"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>serenare</i>.]
<def>To make serene.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Heaven and earth, as if contending, vie<BR>
To raise his being, and <i>serene</i> his soul.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*rene"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a serene manner; clearly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now setting Ph&oelig;bus shone <i>serenely</i>
bright.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With unruffled temper; coolly;
calmly.</def>  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*rene"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Serenity.</def>
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*ren"i*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Serenity.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Se*ren"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>serenuas</i>:
cf. F. <i>s&eacute;r&eacute;nit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being serene; clearness and calmness;
quietness; stillness; peace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A general peace and <i>serenity</i> newly succeeded a
general trouble.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Calmness of mind; eveness of temper;
undisturbed state; coolness; composure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I can not see how any men should ever transgress those
moral rules with confidence and <i>serenity</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Serenity</i> is given as a title to the members of
certain princely families in Europe; as, Your <i>Serenity</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Serf</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>serus</i>
servant, slave; akin to <i>servare</i> to protect, preserve, observe,
and perhaps originally, a client, a man under one's protection.  Cf.
<u>Serve</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A servant or slave
employed in husbandry, and in some countries attached to the soil and
transferred with it, as formerly in Russia.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In England, at least from the reign of Henry II, one
only, and that the inferior species [of villeins], existed . . . But
by the customs of France and Germany, persons in this abject state
seem to have been called <i>serfs</i>, and distinguished from
<i>villeins</i>, who were only bound to fixed payments and duties in
respect of their lord, though, as it seems, without any legal redress
if injured by him.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Serf</u>, <u>Slave</u>.  A <i>slave</i> is the
absolute property of his master, and may be sold in any way. A
<i>serf</i>, according to the strict sense of the term, is one bound
to work on a certain estate, and thus attached to the soil, and sold
with it into the service of whoever purchases the land.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Serf"age</hw> (?), <hw>Serf"dom</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or condition of a serf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Serf"hood</hw> (?), <hw>Serf"ism</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Serfage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Serge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>serge</i>,
<i>sarge</i>, <i>originally</i>, <i>a silken stuff</i>, fr. L.
<i>serica</i>, f. or neut. pl. of <i>sericus</i> silken. See
<u>Sericeous</u>, <u>Silk</u>.] <def>A woolen twilled stuff, much used
as material for clothing for both sexes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Silk serge</b></col>, <cd>a twilled silk fabric used mostly
by tailors for lining parts of gentlemen's coats.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Serge</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>cierge</i>.] <def>A
large wax candle used in the ceremonies of various churches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"gean*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sergeancies</b></plw> (#). [Cf. <u>Sergeanty</u>.] <def>The
office of a sergeant; sergeantship.</def> [Written also
<i>serjeancy</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ser"geant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sergent</i>,
fr. L. <i>serviens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>servire</i> to
serve. See <u>Serve</u>, and cf. <u>Servant</u>.] [Written also
<i>serjeant</i>. Both spellings are authorized. In England
<i>serjeant</i> is usually preferred, except for military officers. In
the United States <i>sergeant</i> is common for civil officers also.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Formerly, in England, an officer nearly
answering to the more modern bailiff of the hundred; also, an officer
whose duty was to attend on the king, and on the lord high steward in
court, to arrest traitors and other offenders. He is now called
<i>sergeant-at-arms</i>, and two of these officers, by allowance of
the sovereign, attend on the houses of Parliament (one for each house)
to execute their commands, and another attends the Court
Chancery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sergeant</i> of the town of Rome them
sought.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The magistrates sent the <i>serjeant</i>, saying, Let
those men go.</blockquote> <i>Acts xvi. 35.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This fell <i>sergeant</i>, Death,<BR>
Is strict in his arrest.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>In a company, battery, or
troop, a noncommissioned officer next in rank above a corporal, whose
duty is to instruct recruits in discipline, to form the ranks,
etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the United States service, besides the <i>sergeants</i>
belonging to the companies there are, in each regiment, a <i>sergeant
major</i>, who is the chief noncommissioned officer, and has important
duties as the assistant to the adjutant; a <i>quartermaster
sergeant</i>, who assists the quartermaster; a <i>color sergeant</i>,
who carries the colors; and a <i>commissary sergeant</i>, who assists
in the care and distribution of the stores. <i>Ordnance sergeants</i>
have charge of the ammunition at military posts.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A lawyer of the highest rank,
answering to the <i>doctor</i> of the civil law; -- called also
<i>serjeant at law</i>.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A title sometimes given to the servants of
the sovereign; as, <i>sergeant</i> surgeon, that is, a servant, or
attendant, surgeon.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The cobia.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Drill sergeant</b></col>. <i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Drill</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sergeant-at-arms</b></col>, <cd>an
officer of a legislative body, or of a deliberative or judicial
assembly, who executes commands in preserving order and arresting
offenders. See <u>Sergeant</u>, 1.</cd> -- <col><b>Sergeant
major</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>See the Note
under def. 2, above.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>The cow pilot.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ser"geant*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Sergeancy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"geant*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. OF.
<i>sergenteric</i>.] <def>See <u>Sergeanty</u>.</def> [R.] [Written
also <i>serjeantry</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ser"geant*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of
sergeant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"geant*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>sergentie</i>, LL. <i>sergentia</i>. See <u>Sergeant</u>.] <i>(Eng.
Law)</i> <def>Tenure of lands of the crown by an honorary kind of
service not due to any lord, but to the king only.</def> [Written also
<i>serjeanty</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Grand sergeanty</b></col>, <cd>a particular kind of tenure
by which the tenant was bound to do some special honorary service to
the king in person, as to carry his banner, his sword, or the
like.</cd> <i>Tomlins.</i> <i>Cowell.</i> <i>Blackstone.</i> --
<col><b>Petit sergeanty</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Petit</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Se"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to a series; consisting of a series; appearing
in successive parts or numbers; as, a <i>serial</i> work or
publication.</def> "Classification . . . may be more or less
<i>serial</i>."  <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
rows.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Serial homology</b></col>. <i>(Biol.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Homology</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Serial symmetry</b></col>.
<i>(Biol.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Symmetry</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Se"ri*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A publication
appearing in a series or succession of part; a tale, or other writing,
published in successive numbers of a periodical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se`ri*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of succession in a series; sequence.</def>  <i>H.
Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"ri*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a series, or
regular order; in a serial manner; as, arranged <i>serially</i>;
published <i>serially</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"ri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Arranged in a
series or succession; pertaining to a series.</def> --
<wf>Se"ri*ate*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Se`ri*a"tim</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>In
regular order; one after the other; severally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se`ri*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Arrangement or position in a series.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*ri"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sericus</i>
silken, <i>sericum</i> Seric stuff, silk, fr. <i>Sericus</i> belonging
to the <i>Seres</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;, a people of Eastern Asia, the
modern Chinese, celebrated for their silken fabrics.  Cf. <u>Silk</u>,
<u>Serge</u> a woolen stuff.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining
to silk; consisting of silk; silky.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Covered with very soft hairs
pressed close to the surface; as, a <i>sericeous</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a silklike
luster, usually due to fine, close hairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"i*cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sericus</i>
silken.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A gelatinous nitrogenous material
extracted from crude silk and other similar fiber by boiling water; --
called also <i>silk gelatin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"i*cite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sericus</i>
silken.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A kind of muscovite occuring in silky
scales having a fibrous structure. It is characteristic of sericite
schist.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ser`ic*te"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sericeous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A silk gland, as in the
silkworms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"i*cul`ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sericeous</u>, and <u>Culture</u>.] <def>The raising of
silkworms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"rie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;rie</i>.] <def>Series.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ser`i*e"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large South American bird (<i>Dicholophus,
or Cariama cristata</i>) related to the cranes. It is often
domesticated. Called also <i>cariama</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"ries</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>series</i>, fr.
<i>serere</i>, <i>sertum</i>, to join or bind together; cf. Gr.
&?;&?;&?; to fasten, Skr. <i>sarit</i> thread.  Cf. <u>Assert</u>,
<u>Desert</u> a solitude, <u>Exert</u>, <u>Insert</u>,
<u>Seraglio</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A number of things or events
standing or succeeding in order, and connected by a like relation;
sequence; order; course; a succession of things; as, a continuous
<i>series</i> of calamitous events.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>During some years his life a <i>series</i> of
triumphs.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Any comprehensive group of
animals or plants including several subordinate related
groups.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Sometimes a series includes several classes; sometimes only
orders or families; in other cases only species.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>An indefinite number of
terms succeeding one another, each of which is derived from one or
more of the preceding by a fixed law, called the <i>law</i> of the
series; as, an arithmetical <i>series</i>; a geometrical
<i>series</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>serin</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European finch (<i>Serinus hortulanus</i>)
closely related to the canary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sericus</i>
silken.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white crystalline nitrogenous substance
obtained by the action of dilute sulphuric acid on silk
gelatin.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Se`ri*o-com"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Se`ri*o-com"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a mixture of seriousness and sport;
serious and comical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>serius</i>: cf.
F. <i>s&eacute;rieux</i>, LL. <i>seriosus</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Grave in manner or disposition; earnest; thoughtful; solemn; not
light, gay, or volatile.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is always <i>serious</i>, yet there is about his
manner a graceful ease.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Really intending what is said; being in
earnest; not jesting or deceiving.</def>  <i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Important; weighty; not trifling;
grave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The holy Scriptures bring to our ears the most
<i>serious</i> things in the world.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hence, giving rise to apprehension;
attended with danger; as, a <i>serious</i> injury.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Grave; solemn; earnest; sedate; important; weighty.
See <u>Grave</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Se"ri*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Se"ri*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ser"iph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Type Founding)</i>
<def>See <u>Ceriph</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ser"jeant</hw> (?), <hw>Ser"jeant*cy</hw>, etc. } <def>See
<u>Sergeant</u>, <u>Sergeantcy</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Serjeant-at-arms</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Sergeant-at-
arms</i>, under <u>Sergeant</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ser*moc`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sermocinatio</i>. See <u>Sermon</u>.] <def>The making of speeches
or sermons; sermonizing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Peacham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser*moc"i*na`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One
who makes sermons or speeches.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser"mon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sermoun</i>,
<i>sermun</i>, F. <i>sermon</i>, fr. L. <i>sermo</i>, <i>-onis</i>, a
speaking, discourse, probably fr. <i>serer</i>, <i>sertum</i>, to
join, connect; hence, a connected speech. See <u>Series</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A discourse or address; a talk; a writing; as,
the <i>sermons</i> of Chaucer.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, a discourse delivered in
public, usually by a clergyman, for the purpose of religious
instruction and grounded on some text or passage of
Scripture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This our life exempt from public haunts<BR>
Finds tongues in trees, books in the running brooks,<BR>
<i>Sermons</i> in stones and good in everything.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His preaching much, but more his practice, wrought,<BR>
A living <i>sermon</i> of the truths he taught.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a serious address; a lecture on
one's conduct or duty; an exhortation or reproof; a homily; -- often
in a depreciatory sense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"mon</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>sermoner</i>,
F. <i>sermonner</i> to lecture one.] <def>To speak; to discourse; to
compose or deliver a sermon.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What needeth it to <i>sermon</i> of it
more?</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser"mon</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To discourse to or of, as in a sermon.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To tutor; to lecture.</def> [Poetic]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser`mon*eer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sermonizer.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser"mon*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A preacher; a
sermonizer.</def> [Derogative or Jocose.]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser`mon*et"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A short
sermon.</def> [Written also <i>sermonette</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ser*mon"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ser*mon"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like, or appropriate to, a sermon; grave and
didactic.</def> [R.] "Conversation . . . satirical or
<i>sermonic</i>." <i>Prof. Wilson.</i> "<i>Sermonical</i> style."
<i>V. Knox.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser"mon*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
discoursing; discourse; instruction; preaching.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser"mon*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a
sermon.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ser"mon*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sermonizer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"mon*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sermonized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sermonizing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
compose or write a sermon or sermons; to preach.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inculcate rigid rules.</def> [R.]
<i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser"mon*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To preach or
discourse to; to affect or influence by means of a sermon or of
sermons.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Which of us shall sing or <i>sermonize</i> the other
fast asleep?</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser"mon*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
sermonizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"o*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ser</i>um + L.
<i>ole</i>um oil.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
peculiar fatty substance found in the blood, probably a mixture of
fats, cholesterin, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A body found in
fecal matter and thought to be formed in the intestines from the
cholesterin of the bile; -- called also <i>stercorin</i>, and
<i>stercolin</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1315 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Se*ron"</hw> (?), <hw>Se*roon"</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>seron</i> a kind of hamper or pannier,
aug. of <i>sera</i> a large pannier or basket.] <def>Same as
<u>Ceroon</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word as expressing a quantity or weight has no definite
signification.  <i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"rose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serous.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*ros"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>serosit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Serous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being serous.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A thin watery animal
fluid, as synovial fluid and pericardial fluid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"o*tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>s&eacute;rotine</i>, fr. L. <i>serotinus</i> that comes or happens
late.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European long-eared bat
(<i>Vesperugo serotinus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*rot"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>serotinus</i>, fr. <i>serus</i> late.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Appearing or blossoming later in the season than is customary
with allied species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;reux</i>. See <u>Serum</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Thin; watery; like serum; as the
<i>serous</i> fluids.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining
to serum; as, the <i>serous</i> glands, membranes, layers. See
<u>Serum</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Serous membrane</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Membrane</u>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ser"ow</hw> (?), <hw>Sur"row</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The thar.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ser"pens</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Serpent</u>.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A constellation represented as
a serpent held by Serpentarius.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"pent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>serpens</i>, <i>-entis</i> (sc. <i>bestia</i>), fr. <i>serpens</i>,
p. pr. of <i>serpere</i> to creep; akin to Gr. &?;&?;&?;, Skr.
<i>sarp</i>, and perhaps to L. <i>repere</i>, E. <i>reptile</i>.  Cf.
<u>Herpes</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
reptile of the order Ophidia; a snake, especially a large snake. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Ophidia</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The serpents are mostly long and slender, and move partly by
bending the body into undulations or folds and pressing them against
objects, and partly by using the free edges of their ventral scales to
cling to rough surfaces. Many species glide swiftly over the ground,
some burrow in the earth, others live in trees. A few are entirely
aquatic, and swim rapidly. See <u>Ophidia</u>, and <u>Fang</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A subtle, treacherous, malicious
person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A species of firework having a serpentine
motion as it passess through the air or along the ground.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The constellation
Serpens.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A bass wind instrument, of a
loud and coarse tone, formerly much used in military bands, and
sometimes introduced into the orchestra; -- so called from its
form.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pharaoh's serpent</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>mercuric
sulphocyanate, a combustible white substance which in burning gives
off a poisonous vapor and leaves a peculiar brown voluminous residue
which is expelled in a serpentine from. It is employed as a scientific
toy.</cd> -- <col><b>Serpent cucumber</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the
long, slender, serpentine fruit of the cucurbitaceous plant
<i>Trichosanthes colubrina</i>; also, the plant itself.</cd> --
<col><b>Serpent eage</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several species of raptorial birds of the genera <i>Circa&euml;tus</i>
and <i>Spilornis</i>, which prey on serpents. They inhabit Africa,
Southern Europe, and India. The European serpent eagle is
<i>Circa&euml;tus Gallicus</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Serpent
eater</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The
secretary bird</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An Asiatic antelope; the
markhoor.</cd> -- <col><b>Serpent fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a fish (<i>Cepola rubescens</i>) with a long, thin, compressed
body, and a band of red running lengthwise.</cd> -- <col><b>Serpent
star</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an ophiuran; a brittle
star.</cd> -- <col><b>Serpent's tongue</b></col> <i>(Paleon.)</i>,
<cd>the fossil tooth of a shark; -- so called from its resemblance to
a tongue with its root.</cd> -- <col><b>Serpent withe</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a West Indian climbing plant (<i>Aristolochia
odoratissima</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Tree serpent</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any species of African serpents belonging to
the family <i>Dendrophid&aelig;</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ser"pent</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Serpented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Serpenting</u>.] <def>To wind like a serpent; to crook about; to
meander.</def> [R.] "The <i>serpenting</i> of the Thames."
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser"pent</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To wind; to
encircle.</def> [R.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ser`pen*ta"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L. (sc.
<i>herba</i>), fr. <i>serpens</i> serpent.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The
fibrous aromatic root of the Virginia snakeroot (<i>Aristolochia
Serpentaria</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ser`pen*ta"ri*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[NL., fr. L.
<i>serpens</i> serpent.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A constellation on the
equator, lying between Scorpio and Hercules; -- called also
<i>Ophiuchus</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser*pen"ti*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>serpens</i> a serpent + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the form of a
serpent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser`pen*tig"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>serpens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, a serpent + <i>-genous</i>: cf. L.
<i>serpentigena</i>.] <def>Bred of a serpent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"pen*tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>serpentinus</i>: cf. F. <i>serpentin</i>.] <def>Resembling a
serpent; having the shape or qualities of a serpent; subtle; winding
or turning one way and the other, like a moving serpent; anfractuous;
meandering; sinuous; zigzag; as, <i>serpentine</i> braid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy shape<BR>
Like his, and color <i>serpentine</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser"pen*tine</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. (for sense 1) F.
<i>serpentine</i>, (for sense 2) <i>serpentin</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral or rock consisting chiefly of the hydrous
silicate of magnesia. It is usually of an obscure green color, often
with a spotted or mottled appearance resembling a serpent's skin.
<i>Precious</i>, or <i>noble</i>, <i>serpentine</i> is translucent and
of a rich oil-green color.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Serpentine has been largely produced by the alteration of
other minerals, especially of chrysolite.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Ordnance)</i> <def>A kind of ancient
cannon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"pen*tine</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
serpentize.</def> [R.]  <i>Lyttleton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser"pen*tine*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
serpentine manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser`pen*tin"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>See 2d <u>Ophite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"pen*tin*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>To convert (a magnesian silicate) into serpentine.</def> --
<wf>Ser`pen*tin`i*za"tion</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ser"pen*ti`nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating
to, or like, serpentine; as, a rock <i>serpentinous</i> in
character.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"pent*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To turn or
bend like a serpent, first in one direction and then in the opposite;
to meander; to wind; to serpentine.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The river runs before the door, and <i>serpentizes</i>
more than you can conceive.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser"pent*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A winding like a serpent's.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place inhabited or infested by
serpents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"pent-tongued`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a forked tongue, like a
serpent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"pet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sirpus</i>,
<i>scirpus</i>, a rush, bulrush.] <def>A basket.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ser*pette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A pruning
knife with a curved blade.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser*pig"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>serpigineux</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Creeping; -- said of lesions
which heal over one portion while continuing to advance at
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ser*pi"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., fr. L.
<i>serpere</i> to creep.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A dry, scaly eruption on
the skin; especially, a ringworm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"po*let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Wild thyme.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ser"pu*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Serpul&aelig;</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Serpulas</b></plw>
(#). [L., a little snake. See <u>Serpent</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of tubicolous annelids of the genus
<i>Serpula</i> and allied genera of the family <i>Serpulid&aelig;</i>.
They secrete a calcareous tube, which is usually irregularly
contorted, but is sometimes spirally coiled. The worm has a wreath of
plumelike and often bright-colored gills around its head, and usually
an operculum to close the aperture of its tube when it
retracts.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ser*pu"li*an</hw> (?), <hw>Ser*pu"li*dan</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A serpula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"pu*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fossil
serpula shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Serr</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>serrer</i>. See
<u>Serry</u>.] <def>To crowd, press, or drive together.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser*ra"noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>Serranus</i>, a typical genus (fr. L. <i>serra</i> a saw) + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any fish of the family
<i>Serranid&aelig;</i>, which includes the striped bass, the black sea
bass, and many other food fishes.</def> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
<i>Serranid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ser"rate</hw> (?), <hw>Ser"ra*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>serratus</i>, fr. <i>serra</i> a saw;
perhaps akin to <i>secare</i> to cut, E. <i>saw</i> a cutting
instrument.  Cf. <u>Sierra</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Notched on
the edge, like a saw.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Beset with teeth pointing
forwards or upwards; as, <i>serrate</i> leaves.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Doubly serrate</b></col>, <cd>having small serratures upon
the large ones, as the leaves of the elm.</cd> -- <col><b>Serrate-
ciliate</b></col>, <cd>having fine hairs, like the eyelashes, on the
serratures; -- said of a leaf.</cd> -- <col><b>Serrate-
dentate</b></col>, <cd>having the serratures toothed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ser*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Condition of being serrate; formation in the shape of a
saw.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the teeth in a serrate or serrulate
margin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser*ra`ti*ros"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Serrate</i> + <i>rostral</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a
toothed bill, like that of a toucan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser*ra"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The ivory gull (<i>Larus
eburneus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"ra*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>serratura</i>
a sawing, fr. <i>serrare</i> to saw.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
notching, like that between the teeth of a saw, in the edge of
anything.</def>  <i>Martyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the teeth in a serrated edge; a
serration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"ri*ca`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sericeous</u>.] <def>Covered with fine silky down.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"ri*corn</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>serra</i> saw
+ <i>cornu</i> horn.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having serrated
antenn&?;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"ri*corn</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of a numerous tribe of beetles (<i>Serricornia</i>). The
joints of the antenn&aelig; are prominent, thus producing a serrate
appearance. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Antenna</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"ried</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Serry</u>.]
<def>Crowded; compact; dense; pressed together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor seemed it to relax their <i>serried</i>
files.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ser*rif"e*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>serra</i> saw + <i>ferre</i> to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
division of Hymenoptera comprising the sawflies.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ser`ri*ros"tres</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. fr.
L. <i>serra</i> saw + <i>rostrum</i> beak.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Lamellirostres</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>serra</i> a
saw.] <def>Like the teeth off a saw; jagged.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser"ru*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a little saw.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The red-breasted merganser.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ser"rulate</hw> (?), <hw>Ser"ru*la`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>serrula</i> a little saw, dim. of
<i>serra</i> a saw.] <def>Finely serrate; having very minute
teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser`ru*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being notched minutely, like a
fine saw.</def>  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the teeth in a serrulate
margin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Serried</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Serrying</u>.] [F. <i>serrer</i>, LL. <i>serrare</i>,
<i>serare</i>, from L. <i>sera</i> a bar, bolt; akin to <i>serere</i>
to join or bind together. See <u>Serries</u>.] <def>To crowd; to press
together.</def> [Now perhaps only in the form <i>serried</i>, p. p. or
a.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ser`tu*la"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., dim. fr.
L. <i>serta</i> a garland.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
delicate branching hydroids having small sessile hydrothec&aelig;
along the sides of the branches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser`tu*la"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of Sertularia, or of
<i>Sertularid&aelig;</i>, a family of hydroids having branched
chitinous stems and simple sessile hydrothec&aelig;. Also used
adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"rum</hw> (s&emacr;"r&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.,
akin to Gr. &?;&?;&?;, Skr. <i>s&amacr;ra</i> curd.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The watery portion of certain animal fluids,
as blood, milk, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A thin watery
fluid, containing more or less albumin, secreted by the serous
membranes of the body, such as the pericardium and
peritoneum.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Blood serum</b></col>, <cd>the pale yellowish fluid which
exudes from the clot formed in the coagulation of the blood; the
liquid portion of the blood, after removal of the blood corpuscles and
the fibrin.</cd> -- <col><b>Muscle serum</b></col>, <cd>the thin
watery fluid which separates from the muscles after coagulation of the
muscle plasma; the watery portion of the plasma. See <i>Muscle
plasma</i>, under <u>Plasma</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Serum
albumin</b></col> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>, <cd>an albuminous body,
closely related to egg albumin, present in nearly all serous fluids;
esp., the albumin of blood serum.</cd> -- <col><b>Serum
globulin</b></col> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>, <cd>paraglobulin.</cd> --
<col><b>Serum of milk</b></col> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>, <cd>the whey,
or fluid portion of milk, remaining after removal of the casein and
fat.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Serv"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Serve</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being served.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [L. <i>servabilis</i>.] <def>Capable of being
preserved.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Serv"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>servage</i>.] <def>Serfage; slavery; servitude.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser"val</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>serval</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An African wild cat (<i>Felis serval</i>) of
moderate size. It has rather long legs and a tail of moderate length.
Its color is tawny, with black spots on the body and rings of black on
the tail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"val*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Related to, or resembling, the serval.</def></p>

<p><hw>Serv"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>servant</i>,
<i>servaunt</i>, F. <i>servant</i>, a & p. pr. of <i>servir</i> to
serve, L. <i>servire</i>. See <u>Serve</u>, and cf. <u>Sergeant</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who serves, or does services, voluntarily
or on compulsion; a person who is employed by another for menial
offices, or for other labor, and is subject to his command; a person
who labors or exerts himself for the benefit of another, his master or
employer; a subordinate helper.</def> "A yearly hired <i>servant</i>."
<i>Lev. xxv. 53.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Men in office have begun to think themselves mere
agents and <i>servants</i> of the appointing power, and not agents of
the government or the country.</blockquote> <i>D. Webster.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In a legal sense, stewards, factors, bailiffs, and other
agents, are <i>servants</i> for the time they are employed in such
character, as they act in subordination to others. So any person may
be legally the servant of another, in whose business, and under whose
order, direction, and control, he is acting for the time being.
<i>Chitty.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One in a state of subjection or
bondage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou wast a <i>servant</i> in the land of
Egypt.</blockquote> <i>Deut. v. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A professed lover or suitor; a
gallant.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In my time a <i>servant</i> was I one.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Servant of servants</b></col>, <cd>one debased to the
lowest condition of servitude.</cd> -- <col><b>Your humble
servant</b></col>, or <col><b>Your obedient servant</b></col>,
<cd>phrases of civility often used in closing a letter.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Our betters tell us they are <i>our humble
servants</i>, but understand us to be their slaves.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Serv"ant</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To subject.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Serv"ant*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
maidservant.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Serv"ant*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A body of
servants; servants, collectively.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Serve</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Served</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Serving</u>.] [OE. <i>serven</i>, <i>servien</i>, OF. & F.
<i>servir</i>, fr. L. <i>servire</i>; akin to <i>servus</i> a servant
or slave, <i>servare</i> to protect, preserve, observe; cf. Zend
<i>har</i> to protect, <i>haurva</i> protecting.  Cf. <u>Conserve</u>,
<u>Desert</u> merit, <u>Dessert</u>, <u>Observe</u>, <u>Serf</u>,
<u>Sergeant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To work for; to labor in
behalf of; to exert one's self continuously or statedly for the
benefit of; to do service for; to be in the employment of, as an
inferior, domestic, serf, slave, hired assistant, official helper,
etc.; specifically, in a religious sense, to obey and
worship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God is my witness, whom I <i>serve</i> with my
spirit.</blockquote> <i>Rom. i. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Jacob loved Rachel; and said, I will <i>serve</i> thee
seven years for Rachel thy younger daughter.</blockquote> <i>Gen.
xxix. 18.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No man can <i>serve</i> two masters.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. vi. 24.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Had I but <i>served</i> my God with half the zeal<BR>
I <i>served</i> my king, he would not in mine age<BR>
Have left me naked to mine enemies.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be subordinate to; to act a secondary
part under; to appear as the inferior of; to minister to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bodies bright and greater should not <i>serve</i><BR>
The less not bright.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be suitor to; to profess love to.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>serve</i> a lady in his beste wise.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To wait upon; to supply the wants of; to
attend; specifically, to wait upon at table; to attend at meals; to
supply with food; as, to <i>serve</i> customers in a shop.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Others, pampered in their shameless pride,<BR>
Are <i>served</i> in plate and in their chariots ride.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to bring forward, arrange, deal, or
distribute, as a portion of anything, especially of food prepared for
eating; -- often with <i>up</i>; formerly with <i>in</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bid them cover the table, <i>serve</i> in the meat, and
we will come in to dinner.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some part he roasts, then <i>serves</i> it up so
dressed.</blockquote> <i>Dryde.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1316 !></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To perform the duties belonging to, or
required in or for; hence, to be of use to; as, a curate may
<i>serve</i> two churches; to <i>serve</i> one's country.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To contribute or conduce to; to promote; to
be sufficient for; to satisfy; as, to <i>serve</i> one's
turn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Turn it into some advantage, by observing where it can
<i>serve</i> another end.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To answer or be (in the place of something)
to; as, a sofa <i>serves</i> one for a seat and a couch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To treat; to behave one's self to; to
requite; to act toward; as, he <i>served</i> me very ill.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To work; to operate; as, to <i>serve</i>
the guns.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To bring
to notice, deliver, or execute, either actually or constructively, in
such manner as the law requires; as, to <i>serve</i> a summons.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To make legal service opon (a person named in
a writ, summons, etc.); as, to <i>serve</i> a witness with a
subp&oelig;na.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>To pass or spend, as time, esp. time of
punishment; as, to <i>serve</i> a term in prison.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>To copulate with; to cover; as, a horse
<i>serves</i> a mare; -- said of the male.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <i>(Tennis)</i> <def>To lead off in delivering
(the ball).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To wind spun yarn, or the
like, tightly around (a rope or cable, etc.) so as to protect it from
chafing or from the weather. See under <u>Serving</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To serve an attachment</b></col> or <col><b>a writ of
attachment</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>to levy it on the person or
goods by seizure, or to seize.</cd> -- <col><b>To serve an
execution</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>to levy it on a lands, goods, or
person, by seizure or taking possession.</cd> -- <col><b>To serve an
office</b></col>, <cd>to discharge a public duty.</cd> -- <col><b>To
serve a process</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>in general, to read it, so
as to give due notice to the party concerned, or to leave an attested
copy with him or his attorney, or his usual place of abode.</cd> --
<col><b>To serve a warrant</b></col>, <cd>to read it, and seize the
person against whom it is issued.</cd> -- <col><b>To serve a
writ</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>to read it to the defendant, or to
leave an attested copy at his usual place of abode.</cd> -- <col><b>To
serve one out</b></col>, <cd>to retaliate upon; to requite.</cd> "I'll
<i>serve you out</i> for this." <i>C. Kingsley.</i> -- <col><b>To
serve one right</b></col>, <cd>to treat, or cause to befall one,
according to his deserts; -- used commonly of ill deserts; as, it
<i>serves</i> the scoundrel <i>right</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To serve
one's self of</b></col>, <cd>to avail one's self of; to make use
of.</cd> [A Gallicism]</p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>serve myself of</i> this
concession.</blockquote> <i>Chillingworth.</i></p>

<p> -- <col><b>To serve out</b></col>, <cd>to distribute; as, <i>to
serve out</i> rations.</cd> -- <col><b>To serve the time</b></col> or
<col><b>the hour</b></col>, <cd>to regulate one's actions by the
requirements of the time instead of by one's duty; to be a
timeserver.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They think herein we <i>serve the time</i>, because
thereby we either hold or seek preferment.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i>
</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To obey; minister to; subserve; promote; aid; help;
assist; benefit; succor.</p>

<p><hw>Serve</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be a servant or a slave; to be employed in labor or other
business for another; to be in subjection or bondage; to render menial
service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord shall give thee rest . . . from the hard
bondage wherein thou wast made to <i>serve</i>.</blockquote> <i>Isa.
xiv. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To perform domestic offices; to be occupied
with household affairs; to prepare and dish up food, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But Martha . . . said, Lord, dost thou not care that my
sister hath left me to <i>serve</i> alone?</blockquote> <i>Luke x.
40.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be in service; to do duty; to discharge
the requirements of an office or employment. Specifically, to act in
the public service, as a soldier, seaman. etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many . . . who had before been great commanders, but
now <i>served</i> as private gentlemen without pay.</blockquote>
<i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be of use; to answer a purpose; to
suffice; to suit; to be convenient or favorable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This little brand will <i>serve</i> to light your
fire.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As occasion <i>serves</i>, this noble queen<BR>
And prince shall follow with a fresh supply.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Tennis)</i> <def>To lead off in delivering
the ball.</def></p>

<p><hw>Serv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who serves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tray for dishes; a salver.</def>
<i>Randolph.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser"vi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Servia, a kingdom of Southern Europe.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A native or inhabitant of Servia.</def>
</p>

<p>{ <hw>Serv"ice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, or <hw>Serv"ice</hw>
(?) }. [Properly, the tree which bears <i>serve</i>, OE.
<i>serves</i>, pl., service berries, AS. <i>syrfe</i> service tree;
akin to L. <i>sorbus</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name given to several
trees and shrubs of the genus <i>Pyrus</i>, as <i>Pyrus domestica</i>
and <i>P. torminalis</i> of Europe, the various species of mountain
ash or rowan tree, and the American shad bush (see <i>Shad bush</i>,
under <u>Shad</u>). They have clusters of small, edible, applelike
berries.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Service berry</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the fruit of any
kind of service tree. In British America the name is especially
applied to that of the several species or varieties of the shad bush
(<i>Amelanchier</i>.)</cd></p>

<p><hw>Serv"ice</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>servise</i>, OF.
<i>servise</i>, <i>service</i>, F. <i>service</i>, from L.
<i>servitium</i>. See <u>Serve</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of serving; the occupation of a servant; the performance of labor for
the benefit of another, or at another's command; attendance of an
inferior, hired helper, slave, etc., on a superior, employer, master,
or the like; also, spiritual obedience and love.</def> "O God . . .
whose <i>service</i> is perfect freedom."  <i>Bk. of Com.
Prayer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Madam, I entreat true peace of you,<BR>
 Which I will purchase with my duteous <i>service</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God requires no man's <i>service</i> upon hard and
unreasonable terms.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The deed of one who serves; labor performed
for another; duty done or required; office.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have served him from the hour of my nativity, . . .
and have nothing at his hands for my <i>service</i> but
blows.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This poem was the last piece of <i>service</i> I did
for my master, King Charles.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To go on the forlorn hope is a <i>service</i> of peril;
who will understake it if it be not also a <i>service</i> of
honor?</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Office of devotion; official religious duty
performed; religious rites appropriate to any event or ceremonial; as,
a burial <i>service</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The outward <i>service</i> of ancient religion, the
rites, ceremonies, and ceremonial vestments of the old
law.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a musical composition for use in
churches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Duty performed in, or appropriate to, any
office or charge; official function; hence, specifically, military or
naval duty; performance of the duties of a soldier.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When he cometh to experience of <i>service</i> abroad .
. . ne maketh a worthy soldier.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Useful office; advantage conferred; that
which promotes interest or happiness; benefit; avail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stork's plea, when taken in a net, was the
<i>service</i> she did in picking up venomous creatures.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Profession of respect; acknowledgment of
duty owed.</def> "Pray, do my <i>service</i> to his majesty."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>The act and manner of bringing food to the
persons who eat it; order of dishes at table; also, a set or number of
vessels ordinarily used at table; as, the <i>service</i> was tardy and
awkward; a <i>service</i> of plate or glass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There was no extraordinary <i>service</i> seen on the
board.</blockquote> <i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The act of bringing to notice,
either actually or constructively, in such manner as is prescribed by
law; as, the <i>service</i> of a subp&oelig;na or an
attachment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The materials used for
serving a rope, etc., as spun yarn, small lines, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Tennis)</i> <def>The act of serving the
ball.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>Act of serving or covering. See
<u>Serve</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 13.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Service book</b></col>, <cd>a prayer book or missal.</cd> -
- <col><b>Service line</b></col> <i>(Tennis)</i>, <cd>a line parallel
to the net, and at a distance of 21 feet from it.</cd> --
<col><b>Service of a writ</b></col>, <col><b>process</b></col>, etc.
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>personal delivery or communication of the writ or
process, etc., to the party to be affected by it, so as to subject him
to its operation; the reading of it to the person to whom notice is
intended to be given, or the leaving of an attested copy with the
person or his attorney, or at his usual place of abode.</cd> --
<col><b>Service of an attachment</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the
seizing of the person or goods according to the direction.</cd> --
<col><b>Service of an execution</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the
levying of it upon the goods, estate, or person of the defendant.</cd>
-- <col><b>Service pipe</b></col>, <cd>a pipe connecting mains with a
dwelling, as in gas pipes, and the like.</cd> <i>Tomlinson.</i> --
<col><b>To accept service</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Accept</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To see service</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>,
<cd>to do duty in the presence of the enemy, or in actual
war.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Serv"ice*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Doing service; promoting happiness, interest,
advantage, or any good; useful to any end; adapted to any good end
use; beneficial; advantageous.</def> "<i>Serviceable</i> to religion
and learning". <i>Atterbury.</i> "<i>Serviceable</i> tools."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I know thee well, a <i>serviceable</i>
villain.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Prepared for rendering service; capable of,
or fit for, the performance of duty; hence, active;
diligent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Courteous he was, lowly, and
<i>servysable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bright-hearnessed angels sit in order
<i>serviceable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Seeing her so sweet and
<i>serviceable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennnyson.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Serv"ice*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Serv"ice*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Serv"ice*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Servitude.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Serv"i*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>serviens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. See <u>Serve</u>.] <def>Subordinate.</def> [Obs.
except in law.]  <i>Dyer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Servient tenement</b></col> or <col><b>estate</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>that on which the burden of a servitude or an
easement is imposed.  Cf. <i>Dominant estate</i>, under
<u>Dominant</u>.</cd>  <i>Gale & Whately.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ser`viette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A table
napkin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Serv"ile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>servile</i>, fr.
<i>servus</i> a servant or slave: cf. F. <i>servile</i>. See
<u>Serve</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a servant
or slave; befitting a servant or a slave; proceeding from dependence;
hence, meanly submissive; slavish; mean; cringing; fawning; as,
<i>servile</i> flattery; <i>servile</i> fear; <i>servile</i>
obedience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She must bend the <i>servile</i> knee.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fearing dying pays death <i>servile</i>
breath.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Held in subjection; dependent;
enslaved.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Even fortune rules no more, O <i>servile</i>
land!</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Not
belonging to the original root; as, a <i>servile</i> letter.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Not itself sounded, but serving to lengthen
the preceeding vowel, as <i>e</i> in <i>tune</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Serv"ile</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>An
element which forms no part of the original root; -- opposed to
<i>radical</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Serv"ile*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a servile
manner; slavishly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Serv"ile*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of being
servile; servility.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser*vil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>servilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being servile;
servileness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To be a queen in bondage is more vile<BR>
Than is a slave in base <i>servility</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Serv"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Serve</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Serving board</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a flat piece of
wood used in serving ropes.</cd> -- <col><b>Serving maid</b></col>,
<cd>a female servant; a maidservant.</cd> -- <col><b>Serving
mallet</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a wooden instrument shaped like a
mallet, used in serving ropes.</cd> -- <col><b>Serving man</b></col>,
<cd>a male servant, or attendant; a manservant.</cd> --
<col><b>Serving stuff</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>small lines for
serving ropes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Serv"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>servita</i>.]
<i>(R.C.Ch.)</i> <def>One of the order of the Religious Servants of
the Holy Virgin, founded in Florence in 1223.</def></p>

<p><hw>Serv"i*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>servire</i> to serve: cf. F. <i>serviteur</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who serves; a servant; an attendant; one who acts under
another; a follower or adherent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your trusty and most valiant
<i>servitor</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Univ. of Oxford, Eng.)</i> <def>An
undergraduate, partly supported by the college funds, whose duty it
formerly was to wait at table. A <i>servitor</i> corresponded to a
<i>sizar</i> in Cambridge and Dublin universities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Serv"i*tor*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office,
rank, or condition of a servitor.</def>  <i>Boswell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Serv"i*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>servitudo</i>: cf. F. <i>servitude</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of voluntary or compulsory subjection to a master; the
condition of being bound to service; the condition of a slave;
slavery; bondage; hence, a state of slavish dependence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You would have sold your king to slaughter,<BR>
His princes and his peers to <i>servitude</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A splendid <i>servitude</i>; . . . for he that rises up
early, and goe&?; to bed late, only to receive addresses, is really as
much abridged in his freedom as he that waits to present
one.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Servants, collectively.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>After him a cumbrous train<BR>
Of herds and flocks, and numerous <i>servitude</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A right whereby one thing is
subject to another thing or person for use or convenience, contrary to
the common right.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The object of a <i>servitude</i> is either to suffer
something to be done by another, or to omit to do something, with
respect to a thing. The <i>easements</i> of the English correspond in
some respects with the <i>servitudes</i> of the Roman law. Both terms
are used by common law writers, and often indiscriminately. The
former, however, rather indicates the right enjoyed, and the latter
the burden imposed.  <i>Ayliffe. Erskine. E. Washburn.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Penal servitude</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Penal</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Personal servitude</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>that which
arises when the use of a thing is granted as a real right to a
particular individual other than the proprietor.</cd> --
<col><b>Predial servitude</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>that which one
estate owes to another estate. When it related to lands, vineyards,
gardens, or the like, it is called <i>rural</i>; when it related to
houses and buildings, it is called <i>urban</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Serv"i*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Servants,
collectively.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Serv"i*tute</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>servitus</i>.] <def>Servitude.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Se"rye</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A series.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ses"a*me</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sesamum</i>,
<i>sesama</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;: cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;same</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Either of two annual
herbaceous plants of the genus <i>Sesamum</i> (<i>S. Indicum</i>, and
<i>S. orientale</i>), from the seeds of which an oil is expressed;
also, the small obovate, flattish seeds of these plants, sometimes
used as food. See <u>Benne</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Open Sesame</b></col>, <cd>the magical command which opened
the door of the robber's den in the Arabian Nights' tale of "<i>The
Forty Thieves</i>;" hence, a magical password.</cd> -- <col><b>Sesame
grass</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>Same as <u>Gama grass</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ses"a*moid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;
like sesame; &?;&?;&?;&?;&?; sesame + &?;&?;&?; form: cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;samo&iuml;de</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Resembling in
shape the seeds of sesame.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
sesamoid bones or cartilages; sesamoidal.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sesamoid bones</b></col>, <col><b>Sesamoid
cartilages</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>small bones or cartilages
formed in tendons, like the patella and pisiform in man.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ses"a*moid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A
sesamoid bone or cartilage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ses`a*moid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Sesamoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ses"ban</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Ar.
<i>saisab&amacr;n</i>, <i>seiseb&amacr;n</i>, a kind of tree, fr. Per.
<i>s&imacr;sab&amacr;n</i> seed of cinquefoil.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
leguminous shrub (<i>Sesbania aculeata</i>) which furnishes a fiber
used for making ropes.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is applied also to the similar plant, <i>Sesbania
&AElig;gyptiaca</i>, and other species of the same genus.</p>

<p><hw>||Ses`qui-</hw> (?). [L., one half more, one and a half.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A combining form (also used adjectively) denoting
that <i>three atoms or equivalents</i> of the substance to the name of
which it is prefixed are combined with <i>two</i> of some other
element or radical; as, <i>sesqui</i>bromide, <i>sesqui</i>carbonate,
<i>sesqui</i>chloride, <i>sesqui</i>oxide.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sesquidupli-</i> is sometimes, but rarely, used in the
same manner to denote the proportions of <i>two and a half</i> to
<i>one</i>, or rather of <i>five</i> to <i>two</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Ses`qui*al"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sesquialteral.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ses`qui*al"ter</hw> (?), <hw>Ses`qui*al"ter*a</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>sesquialtera</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
stop on the organ, containing several ranks of pipes which
re&euml;nforce some of the high harmonics of the ground tone, and make
the sound more brilliant.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ses`qui*al"ter*al</hw> (?), <hw>Ses`qui*al"ter*ate</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sesquialter</i> once and a half;
<i>sesqui-</i> + <i>alter</i> other: cf. F.
<i>sesquialt&eacute;re</i>.] <def>Once and a half times as great as
another; having the ratio of one and a half to one.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sesquialteral ratio</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the ratio
of one and a half to one; thus, 9 and 6 are in a <i>sesquialteral
ratio</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ses`qui*al"ter*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sesquialteral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ses`qui*ba"sic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sesqui-</i> +
<i>basic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Containing, or acting as, a base in
the proportions of a sesqui compound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ses`qui*du"pli*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sesqui-
</i> + <i>duplicate</i>.] <def>Twice and a half as great (as another
thing); having the ratio of two and a half to one.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sesquiduplicate ratio</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the
ratio of two and a half to one, or one in which the greater term
contains the lesser twice and a half, as that of 50 to 20.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ses`qui*ox"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sesqui-</i> +
<i>oxide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An oxide containing three atoms of
oxygen with two atoms (or radicals) of some other substance; thus,
alumina, Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> is a
<i>sesquioxide</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ses*quip"e*dal</hw> (?), <hw>Ses`qui*pe*da"li*an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sesqui-</i> + <i>pedal</i>: cf. F.
<i>sesquip&eacute;dal</i>, L. <i>sesquipedalis</i>.] <def>Measuring or
containing a foot and a half; as, a <i>sesquipedalian</i> pygmy; --
sometimes humorously applied to long words.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ses`qui*pe*da"li*an*ism</hw> (?), <hw>Ses*quip"e*dal*ism</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sesquipedality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ses`qui*pe*dal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or condition of being
sesquipedal.</def>  <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The use of sesquipedalian words; style
characterized by the use of long words; sesquipedalism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ses*quip"li*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sesqui-</i>
+ <i>plicate</i>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Subduplicate of the triplicate;
-- a term applied to ratios; thus, <i>a</i> and <i>a&prime;</i> are in
the <i>sesquiplicate</i> ratio of <i>b</i> and <i>b&prime;</i>, when
<i>a</i> is to <i>a&prime;</i> as the square root of the cube of
<i>b</i> is to the square root of the cube of <i>b&prime;</i>, or
<i>a:a&prime;::&radic;b<sup>3</sup>:&radic;b&prime;<sup>3</sup></i>.
</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The periodic times of the planets are in the
<i>sesquiplicate</i> ratio of their mean distances.</blockquote>
<i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ses"qui*salt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sesqui-</i> +
<i>salt</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt derived from a sesquioxide
base, or made up on the proportions of a sesqui compound.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1317 !></p>

<p><hw>Ses`qui*sul"phide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sesqui-
</i> + <i>sulphide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A sulphide, analogous to
a sesquioxide, containing three atoms of sulphur to two of the other
ingredient; -- formerly called also <i>sesquisulphuret</i>; as,
orpiment, As<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> is arsenic
<i>sesquisulphide</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ses`qui*ter"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sesquitertian.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ses`qui*ter"tian</hw> (?), <hw>Ses`qui*ter"tian*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sesqui-</i> + L. <i>tertianus</i> belonging
to the third.  Cf. <u>Tertian</u>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Having the
ratio of one and one third to one (as 4 : 3).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ses"qui*tone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sesqui-</i> +
<i>tone</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A minor third, or interval of three
semitones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sess</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Aphetic form of
<i>assess</i>. See <u>Assess</u>, <u>Cess</u>.] <def>To lay a tax
upon; to assess.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tax; an assessment. See
<u>Cess</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ses"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>Hurry;
run.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ses"sile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sessilis</i>
low, dwarf, from <i>sedere</i>, <i>sessum</i>, to sit: cf. F.
<i>sessile</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Attached without any sensible
projecting support.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Resting directly upon the
main stem or branch, without a petiole or footstalk; as, a
<i>sessile</i> leaf or blossom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Permanently attached; -
- said of the gonophores of certain hydroids which never became
detached.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ses"sile-eyed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having eyes which are not elevated on a
stalk; -- opposed to <i>stalk-eyed</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sessile-eyed Crustacea</b></col>, <cd>the
Arthrostraca.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ses"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sessio</i>, fr.
<i>sedere</i>, <i>sessum</i>, to sit: cf. F. <i>session</i>. See
<u>Sit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of sitting, or the state
of being seated.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>So much his ascension into heaven and his
<i>session</i> at the right hand of God do import.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But Viven, gathering somewhat of his mood, . . . <BR>
Leaped from her <i>session</i> on his lap, and stood.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The actual sitting of a court, council,
legislature, etc., or the actual assembly of the members of such a
body, for the transaction of business.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It's fit this royal <i>session</i> do
proceed.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, also, the time, period, or term
during which a court, council, legislature, etc., meets daily for
business; or, the space of time between the first meeting and the
prorogation or adjournment; thus, a <i>session</i> of Parliaments is
opened with a speech from the throne, and closed by prorogation. The
<i>session</i> of a judicial court is called a <i>term</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was resolved that the convocation should meet at the
beginning of the next <i>session</i> of Parliament.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sessions</i>, in some of the States, is particularly used
as a title for a court of justices, held for granting licenses to
innkeepers, etc., and for laying out highways, and the like; it is
also the title of several courts of criminal jurisdiction in England
and the United States.</p>

<p><col><b>Church session</b></col>, <cd>the lowest court in the
Presbyterian Church, composed of the pastor and a body of elders
elected by the members of a particular church, and having the care of
matters pertaining to the religious interests of that church, as the
admission and dismission of members, discipline, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Court of Session</b></col>, <cd>the supreme civil court of
Scotland.</cd> -- <col><b>Quarter sessions</b></col>. <i>(Eng.Law)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Quarter</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sessions of the
peace</b></col>, <cd>sittings held by justices of the peace.</cd>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ses"sion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a session or sessions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sess"pool`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>suss</i>
hogwash, <i>soss</i> a dirty mess, a puddle + E. <i>pool</i> a puddle;
cf. Gael. <i>ses</i> a coarse mess.] <def>Same as
<u>Cesspool</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ses"terce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sestertius</i>
(sc. <i>nummus</i>), fr. <i>sestertius</i> two and a half;
<i>semis</i> half + <i>tertius</i> third: cf. F. <i>sesterce</i>.]
<i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A Roman coin or denomination of money, in
value the fourth part of a denarius, and originally containing two
asses and a half, afterward four asses, -- equal to about two pence
sterling, or four cents.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The sestertium was equivalent to one thousand sesterces,
equal to &pound;8 17s 1d. sterling, or about $43, before the reign of
Augustus. After his reign its value was about &pound;7 16s. 3d.
sterling. The sesterce was originally coined only in silver, but later
both in silver and brass.</p>

<p><hw>Ses*tet"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>sestetto</i>,
fr. <i>sesto</i> sixth, L. <i>sextus</i>, fr. <i>sex</i> six.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A piece of music composed for
six voices or six instruments; a sextet; -- called also
<i>sestuor</i>.</def> [Written also <i>sestett</i>,
<i>sestette</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Poet.)</i> <def>The last six lines of a
sonnet.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ses*tet"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A sestet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ses"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sextain</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ses"tu*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
sestet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Set</hw> (s&ebreve;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Set</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Setting</u>.] [OE. <i>setten</i>, AS. <i>setton</i>; akin to OS.
<i>settian</i>, OFries. <i>setta</i>, D. <i>zetten</i>, OHG.
<i>sezzen</i>, G. <i>setzen</i>, Icel. <i>setja</i>, Sw.
<i>s&auml;tta</i>, Dan. <i>s&?;tte</i>, Goth. <i>satjan</i>; causative
from the root of E. <i>sit</i>. &radic;154. See <u>Sit</u>, and cf.
<u>Seize</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to sit; to make to
assume a specified position or attitude; to give site or place to; to
place; to put; to fix; as, to <i>set</i> a house on a stone
foundation; to <i>set</i> a book on a shelf; to <i>set</i> a dish on a
table; to <i>set</i> a chest or trunk on its bottom or on
end.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I do <i>set</i> my bow in the cloud.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. ix. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to attach or affix (something) to
something else, or in or upon a certain place.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Set</i> your affection on things above.</blockquote>
<i>Col. iii. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord <i>set</i> a mark upon Cain.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. iv. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make to assume specified place,
condition, or occupation; to put in a certain condition or state
(described by the accompanying words); to cause to be.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord thy God will <i>set</i> thee on
high.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxviii. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am come to <i>set</i> a man at variance against his
father, and the daughter against her mother.</blockquote> <i>Matt. x.
35.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every incident <i>sets</i> him thinking.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To fix firmly; to make fast, permanent, or
stable; to render motionless; to give an unchanging place, form, or
condition to.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To cause to stop or stick; to obstruct; to
fasten to a spot; hence, to occasion difficulty to; to embarrass; as,
to <i>set</i> a coach in the mud.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They show how hard they are <i>set</i> in this
particular.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To fix beforehand; to determine; hence, to
make unyielding or obstinate; to render stiff, unpliant, or rigid; as,
to <i>set</i> one's countenance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His eyes were <i>set</i> by reason of his
age.</blockquote> <i>1 Kings xiv. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On these three objects his heart was
<i>set</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Make my heart as a millstone, <i>set</i> my face as a
flint.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To fix in the ground, as a post or a tree;
to plant; as, to <i>set</i> pear trees in an orchard.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To fix, as a precious stone, in a border
of metal; to place in a setting; hence, to place in or amid something
which serves as a setting; as, to <i>set</i> glass in a
sash.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And him too rich a jewel to be <i>set</i><BR>
In vulgar metal for a vulgar use.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>To render stiff or solid; especially, to
convert into curd; to curdle; as, to <i>set</i> milk for
cheese.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To put into a desired position or
condition; to adjust; to regulate; to adapt.</def> Specifically: --
</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To put in order in a particular manner; to
prepare; as, to <i>set</i> (that is, to hone) a razor; to <i>set</i> a
saw.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tables for to <i>sette</i>, and beddes
make.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To extend and bring into position; to
spread; as, to <i>set</i> the sails of a ship.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To give a pitch to, as a tune; to start by
fixing the keynote; as, to <i>set</i> a psalm.</def>
<i>Fielding.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To reduce from a dislocated or fractured
state; to replace; as, to <i>set</i> a broken bone.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>To make to agree with some standard; as,
to <i>set</i> a watch or a clock.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>To lower into place and
fix solidly, as the blocks of cut stone in a structure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To stake at play; to wager; to
risk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have <i>set</i> my life upon a cast,<BR>
And I will stand the hazard of the die.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To fit with music; to adapt, as words to
notes; to prepare for singing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Set</i> thy own songs, and sing them to thy
lute.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To determine; to appoint; to assign; to
fix; as, to <i>set</i> a time for a meeting; to <i>set</i> a price on
a horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To adorn with something infixed or affixed;
to stud; to variegate with objects placed here and there.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>High on their heads, with jewels richly <i>set</i>,<BR>
Each lady wore a radiant coronet.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Pastoral dales thin <i>set</i> with modern
farms.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To value; to rate; -- with
<i>at</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be you contented, wearing now the garland,<BR>
To have a son <i>set</i> your decrees at naught.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I do not <i>set</i> my life at a pin's
fee.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To point out the seat or position of, as
birds, or other game; -- said of hunting dogs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>To establish as a rule; to furnish; to
prescribe; to assign; as, to <i>set</i> an example; to <i>set</i>
lessons to be learned.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>To suit; to become; as, it <i>sets</i> him
ill.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>To compose; to arrange in
words, lines, etc.; as, to <i>set</i> type; to <i>set</i> a
page.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To set abroach</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Abroach</u>.</cd>
[Obs.] <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To set against</b></col>, <cd>to
oppose; to set in comparison with, or to oppose to, as an equivalent
in exchange; as, <i>to set</i> one thing <i>against</i> another.</cd>
-- <col><b>To set agoing</b></col>, <cd>to cause to move.</cd> --
<col><b>To set apart</b></col>, <cd>to separate to a particular use;
to separate from the rest; to reserve.</cd> -- <col><b>To set a
saw</b></col>, <cd>to bend each tooth a little, every alternate one
being bent to one side, and the intermediate ones to the other side,
so that the opening made by the saw may be a little wider than the
thickness of the back, to prevent the saw from sticking.</cd> --
<col><b>To set aside</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To leave out
of account; to pass by; to omit; to neglect; to reject; to
annul.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Setting aside</i> all other considerations, I will
endeavor to know the truth, and yield to that.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To set apart; to reserve; as, <i>to set
aside</i> part of one's income.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Law)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Aside</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To set at
defiance</b></col>, <cd>to defy.</cd> -- <col><b>To set at
ease</b></col>, <cd>to quiet; to tranquilize; as, <i>to set</i> the
heart <i>at ease</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To set at naught</b></col>,
<cd>to undervalue; to contemn; to despise.</cd> "Ye have <i>set at
naught</i> all my counsel." <i>Prov. i. 25.</i> -- <col><b>To set
a</b></col> <col><b>trap, snare, or gin</b></col>, <cd>to put it in a
proper condition or position to catch prey; hence, to lay a plan to
deceive and draw another into one's power.</cd> -- <col><b>To set at
work</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>To set to work</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To cause to enter on work or action, or to
direct how tu enter on work.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To apply
one's self; -- used reflexively.</cd> -- <col><b>To set
before</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To bring out to view before;
to exhibit.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To propose for choice to; to
offer to.</cd> -- <col><b>To set by</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To set apart or on one side; to reject.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To attach the value of (anything) to.</cd> "I <i>set</i> not a
straw <i>by</i> thy dreamings." <i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>To set by
the compass</b></col>, <cd>to observe and note the bearing or
situation of by the compass.</cd> -- <col><b>To set case</b></col>,
<cd>to suppose; to assume.  Cf. <i>Put case</i>, under <u>Put</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></cd> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>To set
down</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To enter in writing; to
register.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Some rules were to be <i>set down</i> for the
government of the army.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To fix; to establish; to ordain.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>This law we may name eternal, being that order which
God . . . hath <i>set down</i> with himself, for himself to do all
things by.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To humiliate.</cd> -- <col><b>To set eyes
on</b></col>, <cd>to see; to behold; to fasten the eyes on.</cd> --
<col><b>To set fire to</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>To set on
fire</b></col>, <cd>to communicate fire to; fig., to inflame; to
enkindle the passions of; to irritate.</cd> -- <col><b>To set
flying</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to hook to halyards, sheets,
etc., instead of extending with rings or the like on a stay; -- said
of a sail.</cd> -- <col><b>To set forth</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To manifest; to offer or present to view; to
exhibt; to display.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To publish; to
promulgate; to make appear</cd>. <i>Waller.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<cd>To send out; to prepare and send.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Venetian admiral had a fleet of sixty galleys,
<i>set forth</i> by the Venetians.</blockquote> <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To set forward</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
cause to advance.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To promote.</cd> --
<col><b>To set free</b></col>, <cd>to release from confinement,
imprisonment, or bondage; to liberate; to emancipate.</cd> --
<col><b>To set in</b></col>, <cd>to put in the way; to begin; to give
a start to.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If you please to assist and <i>set</i> me <i>in</i>, I
will recollect myself.</blockquote> <i>Collier.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To set in order</b></col>, <cd>to adjust or arrange; to
reduce to method.</cd> "The rest will I <i>set in order</i> when I
come." <i>1 Cor. xi. 34.</i> -- <col><b>To set milk</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To expose it in open dishes in order that the
cream may rise to the surface.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To cause
it to become curdled as by the action of rennet.  See 4
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>To set</b></col> <col><b>much, or
little</b></col>, <col><b>by</b></col>, <cd>to care much, or little,
for.</cd> -- <col><b>To set of</b></col>, <cd>to value; to set
by.</cd> [Obs.] "I <i>set</i> not an haw <i>of</i> his proverbs."
<i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>To set off</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To separate from a whole; to assign to a particular purpose; to
portion off; as, <i>to set off</i> a portion of an estate.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To adorn; to decorate; to embellish</cd>.</p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . <i>set off</i> the worst faces with the best
airs.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To give a flattering description of.</cd> -
- <col><b>To set off against</b></col>, <cd>to place against as an
equivalent; as, <i>to set off</i> one man's services <i>against</i>
another's.</cd> -- <col><b>To set</b></col> <col><b>on or
upon</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To incite; to instigate.</cd>
"Thou, traitor, hast <i>set on</i> thy wife to this." <i>Shak.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To employ, as in a task.</cd> " <i>Set on</i>
thy wife to observe." <i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To fix
upon; to attach strongly to; as, <i>to set</i> one's heart or
affections <i>on</i> some object. See definition 2, above.</cd> --
<col><b>To set one's cap for</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Cap</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>To set one's self
against</b></col>, <cd>to place one's self in a state of enmity or
opposition to.</cd> -- <col><b>To set one's teeth</b></col>, <cd>to
press them together tightly.</cd> -- <col><b>To set on foot</b></col>,
<cd>to set going; to put in motion; to start.</cd> -- <col><b>To set
out</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To assign; to allot; to mark
off; to limit; as, <i>to set out</i> the share of each proprietor or
heir of an estate; <i>to set out</i> the widow's thirds.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To publish, as a proclamation</cd>. [Obs.]
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To adorn; to embellish.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>An ugly woman, in rich habit <i>set out</i> with
jewels, nothing can become.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To raise, equip, and send forth; to
furnish.</cd> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Venetians pretend they could <i>set out</i>, in
case of great necessity, thirty men-of-war.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>To show; to display; to recommend; to set
off.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>I could <i>set out</i> that best side of
Luther.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <cd>To show; to prove.</cd> [R.] "Those very
reasons <i>set out</i> how heinous his sin was." <i>Atterbury.</i>
<sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <i>(Law)</i> <cd>To recite; to state at
large.</cd> -- <col><b>To set over</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To appoint or constitute as supervisor, inspector, ruler, or
commander.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To assign; to transfer; to
convey.</cd> -- <col><b>To set right</b></col>, <cd>to correct; to put
in order.</cd> -- <col><b>To set sail</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Sail</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>To set
store by</b></col>, <cd>to consider valuable.</cd> -- <col><b>To set
the fashion</b></col>, <cd>to determine what shall be the fashion; to
establish the mode.</cd> -- <col><b>To set the teeth on
edge</b></col>, <cd>to affect the teeth with a disagreeable sensation,
as when acids are brought in contact with them.</cd> -- <col><b>To set
the watch</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to place the starboard or port
watch on duty.</cd> -- <col><b>To set to</b></col>, <cd>to attach to;
to affix to.</cd> "He . . . hath <i>set to</i> his seal that God is
true." <i>John iii. 33.</i> -- <col><b>To set up</b></col>. <i>(a)</i>
<cd>To erect; to raise; to elevate; as, <i>to set up</i> a building,
or a machine; <i>to set up</i> a post, a wall, a pillar.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Hence, to exalt; to put in power</cd>. "I will
. . . <i>set up</i> the throne of David over Israel." <i>2 Sam. iii.
10.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To begin, as a new institution; to
institute; to establish; to found; as, <i>to set up</i> a manufactory;
to <i>set up</i> a school.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To enable to
commence a new business; as, <i>to set up</i> a son in trade</cd>.
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>To place in view; as, <i>to set up</i> a
mark</cd>. <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <cd>To raise; to utter loudly; as,
<i>to set up</i> the voice</cd>.</p>

<p><blockquote>I'll <i>set up</i> such a note as she shall
hear.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <cd>To advance; to propose as truth or for
reception; as, <i>to set up</i> a new opinion or doctrine.</cd> <i>T.
Burnet.</i> <sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <cd>To raise from depression, or to a
sufficient fortune; as, this good fortune quite <i>set</i> him
<i>up</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(i)</i></sd> <cd>To intoxicate</cd>. [Slang]
<sd><i>(j)</i></sd> <i>(Print.)</i> <cd>To put in type; as, <i>to set
up</i> copy; to arrange in words, lines, etc., ready for printing; as,
<i>to set up</i> type.</cd> -- <col><b>To set up the rigging</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to make it taut by means of tackles.</cd> <i>R. H.
Dana, Jr.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Put</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Set</hw> (s&ebreve;t), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pass below the horizon; to go down; to
decline; to sink out of sight; to come to an end.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ere the weary sun <i>set</i> in the west.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus this century <i>sets</i> with little mirth, and
the next is likely to arise with more mourning.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fit music to words.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To place plants or shoots in the ground; to
plant.</def> "To sow dry, and <i>set</i> wet."  <i>Old
Proverb.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be fixed for growth; to strike root; to
begin to germinate or form; as, cuttings <i>set</i> well; the fruit
has <i>set</i> well (<i>i. e.</i>, not blasted in the
blossom).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To become fixed or rigid; to be
fastened.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A gathering and serring of the spirits together to
resist, maketh the teeth to <i>set</i> hard one against
another.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To congeal; to concrete; to
solidify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That fluid substance in a few minutes begins to
<i>set</i>.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To have a certain direction in motion; to
flow; to move on; to tend; as, the current <i>sets</i> to the north;
the tide <i>sets</i> to the windward.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To begin to move; to go out or forth; to
start; -- now followed by <i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king is <i>set</i> from London.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To indicate the position of game; -- said
of a dog; as, the dog <i>sets</i> well; also, to hunt game by the aid
of a setter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To apply one's self; to undertake
earnestly; -- now followed by <i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If he <i>sets</i> industriously and sincerely to
perform the commands of Christ, he can have no ground of doubting but
it shall prove successful to him.</blockquote> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To fit or suit one; to sit; as, the coat
<i>sets</i> well.</def> [Colloquially used, but improperly, for
<i>sit</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; The use of the verb <i>set</i> for <i>sit</i> in such
expressions as, the hen is <i>setting</i> on thirteen eggs; a
<i>setting</i> hen, etc., although colloquially common, and sometimes
tolerated in serious writing, is not to be approved.</p>

<p><col><b>To set about</b></col>, <cd>to commence; to begin.</cd> --
<col><b>To set forward</b></col>, <cd>to move or march; to begin to
march; to advance.</cd> -- <col><b>To set forth</b></col>, <cd>to
begin a journey.</cd> -- <col><b>To set in</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To begin; to enter upon a particular state;
as, winter <i>set in</i> early.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To settle
one's self; to become established</cd>. "When the weather was <i>set
in</i> to be very bad." <i>Addison.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To
flow toward the shore; -- said of the tide.</cd> -- <col><b>To set
off</b></col>.  <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To enter upon a journey; to
start.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Typog.)</i> <cd>To deface or soil
the next sheet; -- said of the ink on a freshly printed sheet, when
another sheet comes in contact with it before it has had time to
dry.</cd> -- <col><b>To set on</b></col> or <col><b>upon</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To begin, as a journey or enterprise; to set
about.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>He that would seriously <i>set upon</i> the search of
truth.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To assault; to make an attack.</cd>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Cassio hath here been <i>set on</i> in the
dark.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To set out</b></col>, <cd>to begin a journey or course;
as, <i>to set out</i> for London, or from London; <i>to set out</i> in
business;<i>to set out</i> in life or the world.</cd> -- <col><b>To
set to</b></col>, <cd>to apply one's self to.</cd> -- <col><b>To set
up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To begin business or a scheme of
life; as, <i>to set up</i> in trade; <i>to set up</i> for one's
self.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To profess openly; to make
pretensions</cd>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Those men who <i>set up</i> for mortality without
regard to religion, are generally but virtuous in part.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i>
</p>

<p><! p. 1318 !></p>

<p><hw>Set</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Fixed in position; immovable; rigid; as, a <i>set</i> line; a
<i>set</i> countenance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Firm; unchanging; obstinate; as, <i>set</i>
opinions or prejudices.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Regular; uniform; formal; as, a <i>set</i>
discourse; a <i>set</i> battle.</def> "The <i>set</i> phrase of
peace."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Established; prescribed; as, <i>set</i>
forms of prayer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Adjusted; arranged; formed;
adapted.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Set hammer</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A hammer the
head of which is not tightly fastened upon the handle, but may be
reversed</cd>. <i>Knight.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A hammer with a
concave face which forms a die for shaping anything, as the end of a
bolt, rivet, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Set line</b></col>, <cd>a line to
which a number of baited hooks are attached, and which, supported by
floats and properly secured, may be left unguarded during the absence
of the fisherman.</cd> -- <col><b>Set nut</b></col>, <cd>a jam nut or
lock nut. See under <u>Nut</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Set screw</b></col>
<i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a screw, sometimes cupped or printed at one end,
and screwed through one part, as of a machine, tightly upon another
part, to prevent the one from slipping upon the other.</cd> --
<col><b>Set speech</b></col>, <cd>a speech carefully prepared before
it is delivered in public; a formal or methodical speech.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Set</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of setting, as of the sun or other heavenly body; descent; hence, the
close; termination.</def> "Locking at the <i>set</i> of day."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The weary sun hath made a golden
<i>set</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is set, placed, or fixed.</def>
Specifically: -- <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A young plant for growth;
as, a <i>set</i> of white thorn.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>That
which is staked; a wager; a venture; a stake; hence, a game at
venture.</def> [Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We will in France, by God's grace, play a
<i>set</i><BR>
Shall strike his father's crown into the hazard.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That was but civil war, an equal
<i>set</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>Permanent change of figure
in consequence of excessive strain, as from compression, tension,
bending, twisting, etc.; as, the <i>set</i> of a spring.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A kind of punch used for bending,
indenting, or giving shape to, metal; as, a saw <i>set</i>.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Pile Driving)</i> <def>A piece placed
temporarily upon the head of a pile when the latter cannot be reached
by the weight, or hammer, except by means of such an intervening
piece.</def> [Often incorrectly written <i>sett</i>.]</p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A short steel spike used
for driving the head of a nail below the surface.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Perhaps due to confusion with <i>sect</i>,
<i>sept</i>.] <def>A number of things of the same kind, ordinarily
used or classed together; a collection of articles which naturally
complement each other, and usually go together; an assortment; a suit;
as, a <i>set</i> of chairs, of china, of surgical or mathematical
instruments, of books, etc.</def> [In this sense, sometimes
incorrectly written <i>sett</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A number of persons associated by custom,
office, common opinion, quality, or the like; a division; a group; a
clique.</def> "Others of our <i>set</i>."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This falls into different divisions, or <i>sets</i>, of
nations connected under particular religions.</blockquote> <i>R. P.
Ward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Direction or course; as, the <i>set</i> of
the wind, or of a current.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>In dancing, the number of persons necessary
to execute a quadrille; also, the series of figures or movements
executed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The deflection of a tooth, or of the teeth,
of a saw, which causes the the saw to cut a kerf, or make an opening,
wider than the blade.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A young oyster when
first attached.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Collectively, the crop
of young oysters in any locality.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Tennis)</i> <def>A series of as many games
as may be necessary to enable one side to win six. If at the end of
the tenth game the score is a tie, the set is usually called a
<i>deuce set</i>, and decided by an application of the rules for
playing off deuce in a game. See <u>Deuce</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Type Founding)</i> <def>That dimension of
the body of a type called by printers the <i>width</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dead set</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The act of a
setter dog when it discovers the game, and remains intently fixed in
pointing it out</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A fixed or stationary
condition arising from obstacle or hindrance; a deadlock; as, to be at
a <i>dead set</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>A concerted scheme to
defraud by gaming; a determined onset.</cd> -- <col><b>To make a dead
set</b></col>, <cd>to make a determined onset, literally or
figuratively.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Collection; series; group. See <u>Pair</u>.</p>

<p><hw>||Se"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Set&aelig;</b></plw>. [L. <i>seta</i>, <i>saeta</i>, a
bristle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Any slender, more or
less rigid, bristlelike organ or part; as the hairs of a caterpillar,
the slender spines of a crustacean, the hairlike processes of a
protozoan, the bristles or stiff hairs on the leaves of some plants,
or the pedicel of the capsule of a moss.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One
of the movable chitinous spines or hooks of an annelid. They usually
arise in clusters from muscular capsules, and are used in locomotion
and for defense. They are very diverse in form.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the spinelike feathers at the base of
the bill of certain birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*ta"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>seta</i> a
bristle: cf. F. <i>s&eacute;tac&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Set with, or consisting of, bristles; bristly; as, a stiff,
<i>setaceous</i> tail.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bristelike in form or texture; as, a
<i>setaceous</i> feather; a <i>setaceous</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Set"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Offset, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A backset; a countercurrent; an eddy.</def>
[U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A backset; a check; a repulse; a reverse; a
relapse.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Set"bolt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An iron pin, or bolt, for fitting planks
closely together.</def>  <i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bolt used for forcing another bolt out of
its hole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Set"down`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The humbling of a
person by act or words, especially by a retort or a reproof; the
retort or the reproof which has such effect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Set*ee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See
2d <u>Settee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Set"en</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>obs. imp. pl.</i></pos> of
<u>Sit</u>. Sat.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Set"e*wale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cetewale</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Set"-fair`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In plastering, a
particularly good troweled surface.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Set"foil`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Septfoil</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seth"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv. & conj.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Since</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Seth"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sothic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*tif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>seta</i> a
bristle + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Producing, or having one or more,
bristles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"ti*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Seta</i> + <i>-
form</i>: cf. F. <i>s&eacute;tiforme</i>.] <def>Having the form or
structure of set&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"ti*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Setigerous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An annelid having
set&aelig;; a ch&aelig;topod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*tig"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Seta</i> +
<i>-gerous</i>.] <def>Covered with bristles; having or bearing a seta
or set&aelig;; setiferous; as, <i>setigerous</i> glands; a
<i>setigerous</i> segment of an annelid; specifically <i>(Bot.)</i>,
tipped with a bristle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"tim</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shittim</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*tip"a*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Seta</i> + L.
<i>papere</i> to produce.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Producing
set&aelig;; -- said of the organs from which the set&aelig; of
annelids arise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"ti*reme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Seta</i> + L.
<i>remus</i> an oar.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A swimming leg (of an
insect) having a fringe of hairs on the margin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Set"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being set; formality; obstinacy.</def> "The starched
<i>setness</i> of a sententious writer."  <i>R. Masters.</i></p>

<p><hw>Set"-off`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Set</i> +
<i>off</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is set off against
another thing; an offset.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I do not contemplate such a heroine as a <i>set-off</i>
to the many sins imputed to me as committed against
woman.</blockquote> <i>D. Jerrold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is used to improve the
appearance of anything; a decoration; an ornament.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A counterclaim; a cross debt
or demand; a distinct claim filed or set up by the defendant against
the plaintiff's demand.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Set-off</i> differs from <i>recoupment</i>, as the latter
generally grows out of the same matter or contract with the
plaintiff's claim, while the former grows out of distinct matter, and
does not of itself deny the justice of the plaintiff's demand.
<i>Offset</i> is sometimes improperly used for the legal term <i>set-
off</i>. See <u>Recoupment</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Offset</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>See <u>Offset</u>,
7.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Set-off</u>, <u>Offset</u>.  -- <i>Offset</i>
originally denoted that which branches off or projects, as a shoot
from a tree, but the term has long been used in America in the sense
of <i>set-off</i>. This use is beginning to obtain in England; though
Macaulay uses <i>set-off</i>, and so, perhaps, do a majority of
English writers.</p>

<p><hw>Se"ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>s&eacute;ton</i>
(cf. It. <i>setone</i>), from L. <i>seta</i> a thick, stiff hair, a
bristle.] <i>(Med. & Far.)</i> <def>A few silk threads or horsehairs,
or a strip of linen or the like, introduced beneath the skin by a
knife or needle, so as to form an issue; also, the issue so
formed.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Se*tose"</hw> (?), <hw>Se"tous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>setosus</i>, <i>saetosus</i>, from
<i>seta</i>, <i>saeta</i>, bristle: cf. F. <i>s&eacute;teux</i>.]
<def>Thickly set with bristles or bristly hairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Set"out`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A display, as of
plate, equipage, etc.; that which is displayed.</def> [Coloq.]
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Set"-stitched`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stitched
according to a formal pattern.</def> "An old <i>set-stiched</i> chair,
valanced, and fringed with party-colored worsted bobs."
<i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sett</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Set</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2 <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> and 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Set*tee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Set</u>; cf.
<u>Settle</u> a seat.] <def>A long seat with a back, -- made to
accommodate several persons at once.</def></p>

<p><hw>Set*tee"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sc&eacute;tie</i>,
<i>scitie</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A vessel with a very long, sharp
prow, carrying two or three masts with lateen sails, -- used in the
Mediterranean.</def> [Written also <i>setee</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Set"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, sets; -- used mostly in composition with
a noun, as type<i>setter</i>; or in combination with an adverb, as a
<i>setter</i> on (or inciter), a <i>setter</i> up, a <i>setter</i>
forth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A hunting dog of a
special breed originally derived from a cross between the spaniel and
the pointer. Modern setters are usually trained to indicate the
position of game birds by standing in a fixed position, but originally
they indicated it by sitting or crouching.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are several distinct varieties of setters; as, the
<i>Irish</i>, or <i>red</i>, <i>setter</i>; the <i>Gordon setter</i>,
which is usually red or tan varied with black; and the <i>English
setter</i>, which is variously colored, but usually white and tawny
red, with or without black.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who hunts victims for sharpers.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One who adapts words to music in
composition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An adornment; a decoration; -- with
<i>off</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They come as . . . <i>setters</i> off of thy
graces.</blockquote> <i>Whitlock.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Pottery)</i> <def>A shallow seggar for
porcelain.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Set"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cut the dewlap
(of a cow or an ox), and to insert a seton, so as to cause an
issue.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Set"ter*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The bear's-foot (<i>Helleborus f&oelig;tidus</i>); -- so called
because the root was used in <i>settering</i>, or inserting setons
into the dewlaps of cattle. Called also <i>pegroots</i>.</def>  <i>Dr.
Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Set"ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who, or that which, sets; as, the <i>setting</i>
of type, or of gems; the <i>setting</i> of the sun; the <i>setting</i>
(hardening) of moist plaster of Paris; the <i>setting</i> (set) of a
current.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of marking the position of game, as
a setter does; also, hunting with a setter.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Something set in, or inserted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt set in it <i>settings</i> of
stones.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxviii. 17.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That in which something, as a gem, is set;
as, the gold <i>setting</i> of a jeweled pin.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Setting coat</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the finishing or
last coat of plastering on walls or ceilings.</cd> -- <col><b>Setting
dog</b></col>, <cd>a setter. See <u>Setter</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
2.</cd> -- <col><b>Setting pole</b></col>, <cd>a pole, often iron-
pointed, used for pushing boats along in shallow water.</cd> --
<col><b>Setting rule</b></col>. <i>(Print.)</i> <cd>A composing
rule.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Set"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>setel</i>,
<i>setil</i>, a seat, AS. <i>setl</i>: akin to OHG. <i>sezzal</i>, G.
<i>sessel</i>, Goth. <i>sitls</i>, and E. <i>sit</i>. &radic;154. See
<u>Sit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A seat of any kind.</def> [Obs.]
"Upon the <i>settle</i> of his majesty"  <i>Hampole.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bench; especially, a bench with a high
back.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A place made lower than the rest; a wide
step or platform lower than some other part.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And from the bottom upon the ground, even to the lower
<i>settle</i>, shall be two cubits, and the breadth one
cubit.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. xliii. 14.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Settle bed</b></col>, <cd>a bed convertible into a
seat.</cd> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Set"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Settled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Settling</u> (?).] [OE. <i>setlen</i>, AS. <i>setlan</i>.
&radic;154. See <u>Settle</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> In senses 7, 8,
and 9 perhaps confused with OE. <i>sahtlen</i> to reconcile, AS.
<i>sahtlian</i>, fr. <i>saht</i> reconciliation, <i>sacon</i> to
contend, dispute.  Cf. <u>Sake</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To place
in a fixed or permanent condition; to make firm, steady, or stable; to
establish; to fix; esp., to establish in life; to fix in business, in
a home, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And he <i>settled</i> his countenance steadfastly upon
him, until he was ashamed.</blockquote> <i>2 Kings viii. 11. (Rev.
Ver.) </i></p>

<p><blockquote>The father thought the time drew on<BR>
Of <i>setting</i> in the world his only son.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To establish in the pastoral office; to
ordain or install as pastor or rector of a church, society, or parish;
as, to <i>settle</i> a minister.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to be no longer in a disturbed
condition; to render quiet; to still; to calm; to compose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God <i>settled</i> then the huge whale-bearing
lake.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hoping that sleep might <i>settle</i> his
brains.</blockquote> <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To clear of dregs and impurities by causing
them to sink; to render pure or clear; -- said of a liquid; as, to
<i>settle</i> coffee, or the grounds of coffee.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To restore or bring to a smooth, dry, or
passable condition; -- said of the ground, of roads, and the like; as,
clear weather <i>settles</i> the roads.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To cause to sink; to lower; to depress;
hence, also, to render close or compact; as, to <i>settle</i> the
contents of a barrel or bag by shaking it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To determine, as something which is exposed
to doubt or question; to free from unscertainty or wavering; to make
sure, firm, or constant; to establish; to compose; to quiet; as, to
<i>settle</i> the mind when agitated; to <i>settle</i> questions of
law; to <i>settle</i> the succession to a throne; to <i>settle</i> an
allowance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It will <i>settle</i> the wavering, and confirm the
doubtful.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To adjust, as something in discussion; to
make up; to compose; to pacify; as, to <i>settle</i> a
quarrel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To adjust, as accounts; to liquidate; to
balance; as, to <i>settle</i> an account.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to pay; as, to <i>settle</i> a
bill.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To plant with inhabitants; to colonize; to
people; as, the French first <i>settled</i> Canada; the Puritans
<i>settled</i> New England; Plymouth was <i>settled</i> in
1620.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To settle on</b></col> or <col><b>upon</b></col>, <cd>to
confer upon by permanent grant; to assure to.</cd> "I . . . have
<i>settled upon</i> him a good annuity." <i>Addison.</i> -- <col><b>To
settle the land</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to cause it to sink, or
appear lower, by receding from it.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To fix; establish; regulate; arrange; compose;
adjust; determine; decide.</p>

<p><hw>Set"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To become fixed or permanent; to become stationary; to establish
one's self or itself; to assume a lasting form, condition, direction,
or the like, in place of a temporary or changing state.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wind came about and <i>settled</i> in the
west.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Chyle . . . runs through all the intermediate colors
until it <i>settles</i> in an intense red.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fix one's residence; to establish a
dwelling place or home; as, the Saxons who <i>settled</i> in
Britain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To enter into the married state, or the
state of a householder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As people marry now and <i>settle</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be established in an employment or
profession; as, to <i>settle</i> in the practice of law.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To become firm, dry, and hard, as the
ground after the effects of rain or frost have disappeared; as, the
roads <i>settled</i> late in the spring.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To become clear after being turbid or
obscure; to clarify by depositing matter held in suspension; as, the
weather <i>settled</i>; wine <i>settles</i> by standing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A government, on such occasions, is always thick before
it <i>settles</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To sink to the bottom; to fall to the
bottom, as dregs of a liquid, or the sediment of a
reserveir.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To sink gradually to a lower level; to
subside, as the foundation of a house, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To become calm; to cease from
agitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Till the fury of his highness <i>settle</i>,<BR>
Come not before him.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To adjust differences or accounts; to come
to an agreement; as, he has <i>settled</i> with his
creditors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To make a jointure for a wife.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He sighs with most success that <i>settles</i>
well.</blockquote> <i>Garth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Set"tled*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being settled; confirmed state.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Set"tle*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of setting, or the state of being settled.</def>
Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Establishment in life, in business,
condition, etc.; ordination or installation as pastor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every man living has a design in his head upon wealth
power, or <i>settlement</i> in the world.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The act of peopling, or state of being
peopled; act of planting, as a colony; colonization; occupation by
settlers; as, the <i>settlement</i> of a new country.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1319 !></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The act or process of adjusting or
determining; composure of doubts or differences; pacification;
liquidation of accounts; arrangement; adjustment; as,
<i>settlement</i> of a controversy, of accounts, etc.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Bestowal, or giving possession, under
legal sanction; the act of giving or conferring anything in a formal
and permanent manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My flocks, my fields, my woods, my pastures take,<BR>
With <i>settlement</i> as good as law can make.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A disposition of property for
the benefit of some person or persons, usually through the medium of
trustees, and for the benefit of a wife, children, or other relatives;
jointure granted to a wife, or the act of granting it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which settles, or is settled,
established, or fixed.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Matter that subsides; settlings; sediment;
lees; dregs.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Fuller's earth left a thick
<i>settlement</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A colony newly established; a place or
region newly settled; as, <i>settlement</i> in the West.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>That which is bestowed formally and
permanently; the sum secured to a person; especially, a jointure made
to a woman at her marriage; also, in the United States, a sum of money
or other property formerly granted to a pastor in additional to his
salary.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
gradual sinking of a building, whether by the yielding of the ground
under the foundation, or by the compression of the joints or the
material.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <def>Fractures or
dislocations caused by settlement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A settled place of abode;
residence; a right growing out of residence; legal residence or
establishment of a person in a particular parish or town, which
entitles him to maintenance if a pauper, and subjects the parish or
town to his support.</def>  <i>Blackstone. Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Act of settlement</b></col> <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i>, <cd>the
statute of 12 and 13 William III, by which the crown was limited to
the present reigning house (the house of Hanover).</cd>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Set"tler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who settles, becomes fixed, established, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, one who establishes himself in
a new region or a colony; a colonist; a planter; as, the first
<i>settlers</i> of New England.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which settles or finishes; hence, a
blow, etc., which settles or decides a contest.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A vessel, as a tub, in which something, as
pulverized ore suspended in a liquid, is allowed to settle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Set"tling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who, or that which, settles; the act of
establishing one's self, of colonizing, subsiding, adjusting,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>That which settles at the bottom
of a liquid; lees; dregs; sediment.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Settling day</b></col>, <cd>a day for settling accounts, as
in the stock market.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Set"-to`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A contest in
boxing, in an argument, or the like.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Set"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Setul&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>setula</i>, <i>saetula</i>,
dim. of <i>seta</i>, <i>saeta</i>, bristle.] <def>A small, short hair
or bristle; a small seta.</def></p>

<p><hw>Set"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Setula</u>.]
<def>A setula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Set"u*lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having small
bristles or set&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Set"wall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. <u>Cetewale</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant formerly valued for its restorative
qualities (<i>Valeriana officinalis</i>, or <i>V.
Pyrenaica</i>).</def> [Obs.] [Written also <i>setwal</i>.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sev"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>seven</i>,
<i>seoven</i>, <i>seofen</i>, AS. <i>seofon</i>, <i>seofan</i>,
<i>seofen</i>; akin to D. <i>zeven</i>, OS., Goth., & OHG.
<i>sibun</i>, G. <i>sieben</i>, Icel. <i>sjau</i>, <i>sj&ouml;</i>,
Sw. <i>sju</i>, Dan. <i>syv</i>, Lith. <i>septyni</i>, Russ.
<i>seme</i>, W. <i>saith</i>, Gael. <i>seachd</i>, Ir. <i>seacht</i>,
L. <i>septem</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;, Skr. <i>saptan</i>. &radic;305.  Cf.
<u>Hebdomad</u>, <u>Heptagon</u>, <u>September</u>.] <def>One more
than six; six and one added; as, <i>seven</i> days make one
week.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Seven sciences</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Science</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</cd> -- <col><b>Seven
stars</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the Pleiades.</cd> --
<col><b>Seven wonders of the world</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Wonders</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Seven-year apple</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a rubiaceous shrub (<i>Genipa clusiifolia</i>)
growing in the West Indies; also, its edible fruit.</cd> --
<col><b>Seven-year vine</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a tropical
climbing plant (<i>Ipom&oelig;a tuberosa</i>) related to the morning-
glory.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sev"en</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
number greater by one than six; seven units or objects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of every beast, and bird, and insect small,<BR>
Game <i>sevens</i> and pairs.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol representing seven units, as 7, or
vii.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sev"en*fold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Repeated seven
times; having seven thicknesses; increased to seven times the size or
amount.</def> "<i>Sevenfold</i> rage."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sev"en*fold`</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Seven times as
much or as often.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whosoever slayeth Cain, vengeance shall be taken on him
<i>sevenfold</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gen. iv. 15.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seven"night</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A week; any
period of seven consecutive days and nights. See
<u>Sennight</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sev"en*score`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. & a.</i></pos> <def>Seven
times twenty, that is, a hundred and forty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The old Countess of Desmond . . . lived
<i>sevenscore</i> years.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sev"en-shoot`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A firearm,
esp. a pistol, with seven barrels or chambers for cartridges, or one
capable of firing seven shots without reloading.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Sev"en*teen`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>seventene</i>, AS.  <i>seofont&ymacr;ne</i>, i. e., <i>seven-
ten</i>.  Cf. <u>Seventy</u>.] <def>One more than sixteen; ten and
seven added; as, <i>seventeen</i> years.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sev"en*teen`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The number greater by one than sixteen; the sum of ten and seven;
seventeen units or objects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol denoting seventeen units, as 17,
or xvii.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sev"en*teenth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Seventeen</u>: cf. AS. <i>seofonte&oacute;&eth;a</i>,
<i>seofonteoge&eth;a</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Next in order after
the sixteenth; coming after sixteen others.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In . . . the <i>seventeenth</i> day of the month . . .
were all the fountains of the great deep broken up.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. vii. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Constituting or being one of seventeen
equal parts into which anything is divided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sev"en*teenth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The next in order after the sixteenth; one
coming after sixteen others.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quotient of a unit divided by
seventeen; one of seventeen equal parts or divisions of one
whole.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An interval of two octaves
and a third.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sev"enth</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Seven</u>: cf.
AS. <i>seofo&eth;a</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Next in order after
the sixth;; coming after six others.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On the <i>seventh</i> day, God ended his work which he
had made; and he rested on the <i>seventh</i> day from all his work
which he had made.</blockquote> <i>Gen. ii. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Constituting or being one of seven equal
parts into which anything is divided; as, the <i>seventh</i>
part.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Seventh day</b></col>, <cd>the seventh day of the week;
Saturday.</cd> -- <col><b>Seventh-day Baptists</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Baptist</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sev"enth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
next in order after the sixth; one coming after six others.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quotient of a unit divided by seven;
one of seven equal parts into which anything is divided.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
interval embracing seven diatonic degrees of the scale.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A chord which includes the interval of a
seventh whether major, minor, or diminished.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sev`en-thir"ties</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>A name
given to three several issues of United States Treasury notes, made
during the Civil War, in denominations of $50 and over, bearing
interest at the rate of seven and three tenths (thirty hundredths) per
cent annually. Within a few years they were all redeemed or
funded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sev"enth*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
seventh place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sev"en*ti*eth</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. hund-
<i>seofontigo&eth;a</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Next in order after
the sixty-ninth; as, a man in the <i>seventieth</i> year of his
age.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Constituting or being one of seventy equal
parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sev"en*ti*eth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One next in order after the sixty-ninth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quotient of a unit divided by seventy;
one of seventy equal parts or fractions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sev"en*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. hund<i>-
seofontig</i>. See <u>Seven</u>, and <u>Ten</u>, and cf.
<u>Seventeen</u>, <u>Sixty</u>.] <def>Seven times ten; one more than
sixty-nine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sev"en*ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Seventies</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The sum of
seven times ten; seventy units or objects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol representing seventy units, as 70,
or lxx.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The Seventy</b></col>, <cd>the translators of the Greek
version of the Old Testament called the Septuagint. See
<u>Septuagint</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sev`en*ty-four"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A naval vessel carrying seventy-four guns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sev"en-up`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The game of cards
called also <i>all fours</i>, and <i>old sledge</i>.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sev"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &. p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Severed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Severing</u>.] [OF. <i>sevrer</i>, <i>severer</i>, to separate, F.
<i>sevrer</i> to wean, fr. L. <i>separare</i>. See <u>Separate</u>,
and cf. <u>Several</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To separate, as one
from another; to cut off from something; to divide; to part in any
way, especially by violence, as by cutting, rending, etc.; as, to
<i>sever</i> the head from the body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The angels shall come forth, and <i>sever</i> the
wicked from among the just.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xiii. 49.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cut or break open or apart; to divide
into parts; to cut through; to disjoin; as, to <i>sever</i> the arm or
leg.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our state can not be <i>severed</i>; we are
one.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To keep distinct or apart; to except; to
exempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>sever</i> in that day the land of Goshen, in
which my people dwell, that no swarms of flies shall be
there.</blockquote> <i>Ex. viii. 22.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To disunite; to disconnect; to
terminate; as, to <i>sever</i> an estate in joint tenancy.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sev"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
suffer disjunction; to be parted, or rent asunder; to be separated; to
part; to separate.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a separation or distinction; to
distinguish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord shall <i>sever</i> between the cattle of
Israel and the cattle of Egypt.</blockquote> <i>Ex. ix. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They claimed the right of <i>severing</i> in their
challenge.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sev"er*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being severed.</def>  <i>Encyc. Dict.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sev"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF., fr. LL.
<i>separalis</i>, fr. L. <i>separ</i> separate, different. See
<u>Sever</u>, <u>Separate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Separate;
distinct; particular; single.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each <i>several</i> ship a victory did
gain.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Each might his <i>several</i> province well
command,<BR>
Would all but stoop to what they understand.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Diverse; different; various.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Habits and faculties, <i>several</i>, and to be
distinguished.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Four <i>several</i> armies to the field are
led.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of a number more than two, but
not very many; divers; sundry; as, <i>several</i> persons were present
when the event took place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sev"er*al</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By itself;
severally.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Every kind of thing is laid up <i>several</i> in barns
or storehoudses.</blockquote> <i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><hw>Sev"er*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Each particular taken singly; an item; a detail; an
individual.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There was not time enough to hear . . . <BR>
The <i>severals</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Persons oe objects, more than two, but not
very many.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Several</i> of them neither rose from any
conspicuous family, nor left any behind them.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An inclosed or separate place;
inclosure.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They had their <i>several</i> for heathen nations,
their <i>several</i> for the people of their own nation.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In several</b></col>, <cd>in a state of separation.</cd>
[R.] "Where pastures <i>in several</i> be."  <i>Tusser.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Sev`er*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Severalities</b></plw> (&?;). <def>Each particular taken
singly; distinction.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sev"er*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
distinguish.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sev"er*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Separately;
distinctly; apart from others; individually.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There must be an auditor to check and revise each
<i>severally</i> by itself.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sev"er*al*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A state of
separation from the rest, or from all others; a holding by individual
right.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Forests which had never been owned in
<i>severalty</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Estate in severalty</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an estate
which the tenant holds in his own right, without being joined in
interest with any other person; -- distinguished from <i>joint
tenancy</i>, <i>coparcenary</i>, and <i>common</i>.</cd>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sev"er*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of severing, or the state of being severed; partition;
separation.</def>  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The act of dividing; the
singling or severing of two or more that join, or are joined, in one
writ; the putting in several or separate pleas or answers by two or
more disjointly; the destruction of the unity of interest in a joint
estate.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*vere"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Severer</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Severest</u>.] [L. <i>severus</i>;
perhaps akin to Gr. &?;&?;&?; awe, &?;&?;&?; revered, holy, solemn,
Goth. <i>swikns</i> innocent, chaste: cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;v&egrave;re</i>.  Cf. <u>Asseverate</u>,
<u>Persevere</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Serious in feeeling or
manner; sedate; grave; austere; not light, lively, or
cheerful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your looks alter, as your subject does,<BR>
From kind to fierce, from wanton to <i>severe</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Very strict in judgment, discipline, or
government; harsh; not mild or indulgent; rigorous; as, <i>severe</i>
criticism; <i>severe</i> punishment.</def> "Custody <i>severe</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Come! you are too <i>severe</i> a moraler.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let your zeal, if it must be expressed in anger, be
always more <i>severe</i> against thyself than against
others.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Rigidly methodical, or adherent to rule or
principle; exactly conformed to a standard; not allowing or employing
unneccessary ornament, amplification, etc.; strict; -- said of style,
argument, etc.</def> "Restrained by reason and <i>severe</i>
principles."  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Latin, a most <i>severe</i> and compendious
language.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Sharp; afflictive; distressing; violent;
extreme; as, <i>severe</i> pain, anguish, fortune; <i>severe</i>
cold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Difficult to be endured; exact; critical;
rigorous; as, a <i>severe</i> test.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Strict; grave; austere; stern; morose; rigid; exact;
rigorous; hard; rough; harsh; censorious; tart; acrimonious;
sarcastic; satirical; cutting; biting; keen; bitter; cruel. See
<u>Strict</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Se*vere"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Se*vere"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Se*ver"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Severities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>severitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;v&eacute;rit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of
being severe.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Gravity or austerity; extreme strictness;
rigor; harshness; as, the <i>severity</i> of a reprimand or a reproof;
<i>severity</i> of discipline or government; <i>severity</i> of
penalties.</def> "Strict age, and sour <i>severity</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The quality or power of distressing or
paining; extreme degree; extremity; intensity; inclemency; as, the
<i>severity</i> of pain or anguish; the <i>severity</i> of cold or
heat; the <i>severity</i> of the winter.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Harshness; cruel treatment; sharpness of
punishment; as, <i>severity</i> practiced on prisoners of
war.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Exactness; rigorousness; strictness; as,
the <i>severity</i> of a test.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Confining myself to the <i>severity</i> of
truth.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sev"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. corrupted fr.
<i>ciborium</i>. <i>Oxf</i>. <i>Gloss</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A bay
or compartment of a vaulted ceiling.</def> [Written also
<i>civery</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sev`o*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sevocare</i>, <i>sevocatum</i>, to call aside.] <def>A calling
aside.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>S&egrave;"vres blue`</hw> (?). <def>A very light
blue.</def></p>

<p><hw>S&egrave;"vres ware`</hw> (?). <def>Porcelain manufactured at
<i>S&egrave;vres</i>, France, ecpecially in the national factory
situated there.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sew</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[OE. See <u>Sewer</u>
household officer.] <def>Juice; gravy; a seasoned dish; a
delicacy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will not tell of their strange
<i>sewes</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sew</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Sue</u> to follow.]
<def>To follow; to pursue; to sue.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.
Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sew</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Sewed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sewed</u>, rarely
<u>Sewn</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Sewing</u>.]
[OE. <i>sewen</i>, <i>sowen</i>, AS. <i>si&oacute;wian</i>,
<i>s&imacr;wian</i>; akin to OHG. <i>siuwan</i>, Icel. <i>s&?;ja</i>,
Sw. <i>sy</i>, Dan. <i>sye</i>, Goth. <i>siujan</i>, Lith.
<i>siuti</i>, Russ, <i>shite</i>, L.  <i>ssuere</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;,
Skr. <i>siv</i>. &radic;156.  Cf. <u>Seam</u> a suture,
<u>Suture</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To unite or fasten together by
stitches, as with a needle and thread.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No man also <i>seweth</i> a piece of new cloth on an
old garment.</blockquote> <i>Mark ii. 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To close or stop by ssewing; -- often with
<i>up</i>; as, to <i>sew</i> up a rip.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To inclose by sewing; -- sometimes with
<i>up</i>; as, to <i>sew</i> money in a bag.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sew</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To practice sewing; to
work with needle and thread.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sew</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [&radic;151 <i>b.</i> See
<u>Sewer</u> a drain.] <def>To drain, as a pond, for taking the
fish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sew"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The contents of a sewer or drain; refuse liquids or matter
carried off by sewers</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sewerage, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sewe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To perform the
duties of a sewer. See 3d <u>Sewer</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sew"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>A scarecrow, generally made of feathers tied to a string, hung up
to prevent deer from breaking into a place.</def>
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*wel"lel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of American Indian
origin.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A peculiar gregarious burrowing
rodent (<i>Haplodon rufus</i>), native of the coast region of the
Northwestern United States. It somewhat resembles a muskrat or marmot,
but has only a rudimentary tail. Its head is broad, its eyes are small
and its fur is brownish above, gray beneath. It constitutes the family
<i>Haplodontid&aelig;</i>.  Called also <i>boomer</i>, <i>showt'l</i>,
and <i>mountain beaver</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1320 !></p>

<p><hw>Sew"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A British trout usually regarded as a variety (var.
<i>Cambricus</i>) of the salmon trout.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sew"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who sews, or stitches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small tortricid moth
whose larva sews together the edges of a leaf by means of silk; as,
the apple-leaf <i>sewer</i> (<i>Phoxopteris nubeculana</i>)</def></p>

<p><hw>Sew"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>sewiere</i>,
<i>seuwiere</i>, ultimately fr. L. <i>ex</i> out + a derivative of
<i>aqua</i> water; cf. OF. <i>essevour</i> a drain, <i>essever</i>,
<i>esseuwer</i>, <i>essiaver</i>, to cause to flow, to drain, to flow,
LL. <i>exaquatorium</i> a channel through which water runs off.  Cf.
<u>Ewer</u>, <u>Aquarium</u>.] <def>A drain or passage to carry off
water and filth under ground; a subterraneous channel, particularly in
cities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sew"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OE. <i>assewer</i>, and
<i>asseour</i>, OF. <i>asseour</i>, F. <i>asseoir</i> to seat, to set,
L. <i>assidere</i> to sit by; <i>ad + sedere</i> to sit (cf.
<u>Sit</u>); or cf. OE. <i>sew</i> pottage, sauce, boiled meat, AS.
<i>se&aacute;w</i> juice, Skr. <i>su</i> to press out.] <def>Formerly,
an upper servant, or household officer, who set on and removed the
dishes at a feast, and who also brought water for the hands of the
guests.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then the <i>sewer</i><BR>
Poured water from a great and golden ewer,<BR>
That from their hands to a silver caldron ran.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sew"er*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The construction of a sewer or sewers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The system of sewers in a city, town, etc.;
the general drainage of a city or town by means of sewers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The material collected in, and discharged
by, sewers.</def> [In this sense <i>sewage</i> is preferable and
common.]</p>

<p><hw>Sew"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Sewen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sew"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or occupation of one who sews.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is sewed with the
needle.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sewing horse</b></col> <i>(Harness making)</i>, <cd>a
clamp, operated by the foot, for holding pieces of leather while being
sewed.</cd> -- <col><b>Sewing machine</b></col>, <cd>a machine for
sewing or stitching.</cd> -- <col><b>Sewing press</b></col>, or
<col><b>Sewing table</b></col> <i>(Bookbinding)</i>, <cd>a fixture or
table having a frame in which are held the cords to which the back
edges of folded sheets are sewed to form a book.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sew"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
seamstress.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sex-</hw> (?). [L. <i>sex</i> six. See <u>Six</u>.] <def>A
combining form meaning <i>six</i>; as, <i>sex</i>digitism;
<i>sex</i>ennial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sexus</i>: cf. F.
<i>sexe</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The distinguishing peculiarity
of male or female in both animals and plants; the physical difference
between male and female; the assemblage of properties or qualities by
which male is distinguished from female.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the two divisions of organic beings
formed on the distinction of male and female.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
capability in plants of fertilizing or of being fertilized; as,
staminate and pistillate flowers are of opposite <i>sexes</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the groups founded on this
distinction.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The sex</b></col>, <cd>the female sex; women, in
general.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sex`a*ge*na"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sexagenary</u>.] <def>A person who is sixty years old.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex*ag"e*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sexagenarius</i>, fr. <i>sexageni</i> sixty each, akin to
<i>sexaginta</i> sixty, <i>sex</i> six: cf. <i>sexag&eacute;naire</i>.
See <u>Six</u>.] <def>Pertaining to, or designating, the number sixty;
poceeding by sixties; sixty years old.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sexagenary arithmetic</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Sexagesimal</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sexagenary</b></col>, or
<col><b>Sexagesimal</b></col>, <col><b>scale</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>,
<cd>a scale of numbers in which the modulus is sixty. It is used in
treating the divisions of the circle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sex*ag"e*na*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something composed of sixty parts or divisions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sexagenarian.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sex`a*ges"i*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fem. of
<i>sexagesimus</i> sixtieth, fr. <i>sexaginta</i> sixty.]
<i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The second Sunday before Lent; -- so called as
being about the sixtieth day before Easter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex`a*ges"i*mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sexag&eacute;simal</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or founded on, the
number sixty.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sexagesimal fractions</b></col> or
<col><b>numbers</b></col> <i>(Arith. & Alg.)</i>, <cd>those fractions
whose denominators are some power of sixty; as, &frac1x60;,
&frac1x3600;, &frac1x216000;; -- called also <i>astronomical
fractions</i>, because formerly there were no others used in
astronomical calculations.</cd> -- <col><b>Sexagesimal</b></col>, or
<col><b>Sexagenary</b></col>, <col><b>arithmetic</b></col>, <cd>the
method of computing by the sexagenary scale, or by sixties.</cd> --
<col><b>Sexagesimal scale</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the sexagenary
scale.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sex`a*ges"i*mal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sexagesimal
fraction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex"an`gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sexangulus</i>
sexangular; <i>sex</i> six + <i>angulus</i> angle: cf. F.
<i>sexangle</i>.  Cf. <u>Hexangular</u>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A
hexagon.</def> [R.]  <i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sex"an`gled</hw> (?), <hw>Sex*an"gu*lar</hw> (?) }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>sexangulaire</i>.] <def>Having six
angles; hexagonal.</def> [R.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sex*an"gu*lar*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Hexagonally.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sex*av"a*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sexivalent</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sex*dig"it*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sex-</i> +
<i>digit</i>.] <def>The state of having six fingers on a hand, or six
toes on a foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex*dig"it*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who has six
fingers on a hand, or six toes on a foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sexed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to sex;
having sex; distinctively male of female; as, the <i>sexed</i>
condition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex"e*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Proceeding by
sixes; sextuple; -- applied especially to a system of arithmetical
computation in which the base is six.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex*en"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sexennium</i> a period of six years, <i>sexennis</i> of six years;
<i>sex</i> six + <i>annus</i> a year. See <u>Six</u>, and
<u>Annual</u>.] <def>Lasting six years, or happening once in six
years.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sexennial event.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex*en"ni*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Once in six
years.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sex"fid</hw> (?), <hw>Sex"i*fid</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sex-</i> + root of L. <i>findere</i> to
split: cf. F. <i>sexfide</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Six-cleft; as, a
<i>sexfid</i> calyx or nectary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex`i*syl*lab"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sex-</i> +
<i>syllabic</i>.] <def>Having six syllables.</def>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sex"i*syl`la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sex-</i> +
<i>syllable</i>.] <def>A word of six syllables.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex*iv"a*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sex-</i> + L.
<i>valens</i>, p. pr. See <u>Valence</u>.] <i>(hem.)</i>
<def>Hexavalent.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sex"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
sex.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex`loc"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sex-</i> +
<i>locular</i>: cf. F. <i>sexloculaire</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having
six cells for seeds; six-celled; as, a <i>sexlocular</i>
pericarp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
sex.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Should I ascribe any of these things unto myself or my
<i>sexly</i> weakness, I were not worthy to live.</blockquote>
<i>Queen Elizabeth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sex*ra"di*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sex-</i> +
<i>radiate</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having six rays; -- said of
certain sponge spicules. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Spicule</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sext</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sexta</i>, fem. of
<i>sextus</i> sixtt, fr. <i>sex</i> six: cf. F. <i>sexte</i>.]
<i>(R.C.Ch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The office for the sixth
canonical hour, being a part of the Breviary.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The sixth book of the decretals, added by
Pope Boniface VIII.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex"tain</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sextus</i> sixth,
fr. <i>sex</i> six: cf. It. <i>sestina</i>.] <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A
stanza of six lines; a sestine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sex"tans</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Sextant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A Roman
coin, the sixth part of an as.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A constellation on the
equator south of Leo; the Sextant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex"tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sextans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, the sixth part of an as, fr. <i>sextus</i> sixth,
<i>sex</i> six. See <u>Six</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>The sixth part of a circle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for measuring angular
distances between objects, -- used esp. at sea, for ascertaining the
latitude and longitude. It is constructed on the same optical
principle as Hadley's quadrant, but usually of metal, with a nicer
graduation, telescopic sight, and its arc the sixth, and sometimes the
third, part of a circle. See <u>Quadrant</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The constellation
Sextans.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Box sextant</b></col>, <cd>a small sextant inclosed in a
cylindrical case to make it more portable.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sex"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sextaries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>sextarius</i> the sixth part
of a measure, weight, etc., fr. <i>sextus</i> sixth, <i>sex</i> six.]
<i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>An ancient Roman liquid and dry measure,
about equal to an English pint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>sextonry</i>.]
<def>A sacristy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sex*tet"</hw> (?), <hw>Sex*tet"to</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>See <u>Sestet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex"teyn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sacristan.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sex"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sextus</i>
sixth.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Of the sixth degree or order.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>A quantic of the sixth
degree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>sextil</i>, fr.
L. <i>sextus</i> the sixth, from <i>sex</i> six. See <u>Six</u>.]
<i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>Measured by sixty degrees; fixed or indicated by
a distance of sixty degrees.</def>  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sex"tile</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. aspect
<i>sextil</i>.] <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>The aspect or position of two
planets when distant from each other sixty degrees, or two signs. This
position is marked thus: &8star;.</def>  <i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sex*til"lion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formed (in
imitation of <i>million</i>) fr. L. <i>sextus</i> sixth, <i>sex</i>
six: cf. F. <i>sextilion</i>.] <def>According to the method of
numeration (which is followed also in the United States), the number
expressed by a unit with twenty-one ciphers annexed. According to the
English method, a million raised to the sixth power, or the number
expressed by a unit with thirty-six ciphers annexed. See
<u>Numeration</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sextos</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>sextus</i> sixth.] <def>A book
consisting of sheets each of which is folded into six
leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex`to*dec"i*mo</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sextus-
decimus</i> the sixteenth; <i>sextus</i> the sixth (fr. <i>sex</i>
six) + <i>decimus</i> the tenth, from <i>decem</i> ten. See <u>-
mo</u>.] <def>Having sixteen leaves to a sheet; of, or equal to, the
size of one fold of a sheet of printing paper when folded so as to
make sixteen leaves, or thirty-two pages; as, a <i>sextodecimo</i>
volume.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex`to*dec"imo</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sextodecimos</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A book composed of sheets
each of which is folded into sixteen leaves; hence, indicating, more
or less definitely, a size of a book; -- usually written 16mo, or
16&deg;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex"to*let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
double triplet; a group of six equal notes played in the time of
four.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex"ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sextein</i>,
contr. fr. <i>sacristan</i>.] <def>An under officer of a church, whose
business is to take care of the church building and the vessels,
vestments, etc., belonging to the church, to attend on the officiating
clergyman, and to perform other duties pertaining to the church, such
as to dig graves, ring the bell, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sexton beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a burying
beetle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sex"ton*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female sexton; a
sexton's wife.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex"ton*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sextonship.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ld. Bernes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sex"ton*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of a
sexton.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sex"try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sacristy</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sex"tu*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Formed (in imitation
of <i>quadruple</i>) fr. L. <i>sextus</i> sixth: cf. F.
<i>sextuple</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Six times as much;
sixfold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Divisible by six; having six
beats; as, <i>sixtuple</i> measure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex"u*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sexualis</i>,
fr. <i>sexus</i> sex: cf. F. <i>sexuel</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
sex, or the sexes; distinguishing sex; peculiar to the distinction and
office of male or female; relating to the distinctive genital organs
of the sexes; proceeding from, or based upon, sex; as, <i>sexual</i>
characteristics; <i>sexual</i> intercourse, connection, or commerce;
<i>sexual</i> desire; <i>sexual</i> diseases; <i>sexual</i>
generation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sexual dimorphism</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>the
condition of having one of the sexes existing in two forms, or
varieties, differing in color, size, etc., as in many species of
butterflies which have two kinds of females.</cd> -- <col><b>Sexual
method</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a method of classification
proposed by Linn&aelig;us, founded mainly on difference in number and
position of the stamens and pistils of plants.</cd> -- <col><b>Sexual
selection</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>the selective preference of
one sex for certain characteristics in the other, such as bright
colors, musical notes, etc.; also, the selection which results from
certain individuals of one sex having more opportunities of pairing
with the other sex, on account of greater activity, strength, courage,
etc.; applied likewise to that kind of evolution which results from
such sexual preferences.</cd> <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In these cases, therefore, natural selection seems to
have acted independently of <i>sexual selection</i>.</blockquote>
<i>A. R. Wallace.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Sex"u*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One
who classifies plants by the sexual method of Linn&aelig;us.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex`u*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being distinguished by sex.</def>  <i>Lindley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sex"u*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
attribute sex to.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex"u*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sexual
manner or relation.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sey</hw> (?), <hw>Seyh</hw> (?) }, obs. <def><pos><i>imp.
sing. & 2d pers. pl.</i></pos> of <u>See</u>.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Seye</hw> (?), <hw>Seyen</hw> (?) }, obs. <def><pos><i>imp.
pl. & p. p.</i></pos> of <u>See</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seynd</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Senge</u>, to singe.</def>  <i> Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seynt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gridle. See 1st
<u>Seint</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>||Sfor*zan"do</hw> (?), <hw>||Sfor*za"to</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It. <i>sforzando</i>, p. pr., and
<i>sforzato</i>, p. p. of <i>sforzare</i> to force.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>Forcing or forced; -- a direction placed over a note, to signify
that it must be executed with peculiar emphasis and force; -- marked
<i>fz</i> (an abbreviation of <i>forzando</i>), <i>sf</i>, <i>sfz</i>,
or &?;.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sfu*ma"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Paint.)</i> <def>Having vague outlines, and colors and shades so
mingled as to give a misty appearance; -- said of a
painting.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sgraf*fi"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Paint.)</i> <def>Scratched; -- said of decorative painting of a
certain style, in which a white overland surface is cut or scratched
through, so as to form the design from a dark ground
underneath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shab</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shabbe</i>, AS.
<i>sc&?;b</i>. See <u>Scab</u>.] <def>The itch in animals; also, a
scab.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shab</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shabbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shabbing</u>.] [See <u>Scab</u>, 3.] <def>To play mean tricks; to
act shabbily.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shab</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To scratch; to
rub.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Farquhar.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shab"bed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shabby.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shab"bi*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a shabby
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shab"bi*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sghabby.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Shab"ble</hw> (?), <hw>Shab"ble</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>[Cf. D. <i>sabel</i>, and G. <i>s&auml;bel</i>.]
<def>A kind of crooked sword or hanger.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Shab"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Shabbier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Shabbiest</u>.] [See <u>Shab</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Scabby</u>, and <u>Scab</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Torn or worn to rage; poor; mean;
ragged.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wearing <i>shabby</i> coats and dirty
shirts.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Clothed with ragged, much worn, or soiled
garments.</def> "The dean was so <i>shabby</i>."  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Mean; paltry; despicable; as, <i>shabby</i>
treatment.</def> "Very <i>shabby</i> fellows."  <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Shab"rack</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk.
<i>tsh&amacr;pr&amacr;k</i>, whence F. <i>chabraque</i>, G.
<i>shabracke</i>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The saddlecloth or housing of a
cavalry horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shack</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Prov. E., to shake, to
shed. See <u>Shake</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shed or fall, as
corn or grain at harvest.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To feed in stubble, or upon waste
corn.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To wander as a vagabond or a tramp.</def>
[Prev.Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shack</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Scot. <i>shag</i> refuse
of barley or oats.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The grain left after
harvest or gleaning; also, nuts which have fallen to the ground.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Liberty of winter pasturage.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A shiftless fellow; a low, itinerant
beggar; a vagabond; a tramp.</def> [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U.S.]
<i>Forby.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All the poor old <i>shacks</i> about the town found a
friend in Deacon Marble.</blockquote> <i>H. W. Beecher.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Common of shack</b></col> <i>(Eng.Law)</i>, <cd>the right
of persons occupying lands lying together in the same common field to
turn out their cattle to range in it after harvest.</cd>
<i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shack"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
hound.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Shac"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Stubble.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Pegge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shac"kle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Generally used in the
plural.] [OE. <i>schakkyll</i>, <i>schakle</i>, AS. <i>scacul</i>,
<i>sceacul</i>, a shackle, fr. <i>scacan</i> to shake; cf. D.
<i>schakel</i> a link of a chain, a mesh, Icel. <i>sk&ouml;kull</i>
the pole of a cart. See <u>Shake</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something which confines the legs or arms so as to prevent their
free motion; specifically, a ring or band inclosing the ankle or
wrist, and fastened to a similar shackle on the other leg or arm, or
to something else, by a chain or a strap; a gyve; a fetter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>shackles</i> empty left; himself escaped
clean.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, that which checks or prevents free
action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His very will seems to be in bonds and
<i>shackles</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A fetterlike band worn as an
ornament.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Most of the men and women . . . had all earrings made
of gold, and gold <i>shackles</i> about their legs and
arms.</blockquote> <i>Dampier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A link or loop, as in a chain, fitted with
a movable bolt, so that the parts can be separated, or the loop
removed; a clevis.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A link for connecting railroad cars; --
called also <i>drawlink</i>, <i>draglink</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The hinged and curved bar of a padlock, by
which it is hung to the staple.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Shackle joint</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a joint formed
by a bony ring passing through a hole in a bone, as at the bases of
spines in some fishes.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1321 !></p>

<p><hw>Shac"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shackled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shackling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To tie or confine the limbs
of, so as to prevent free motion; to bind with shackles; to fetter; to
chain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To lead him <i>shackled</i>, and exposed to scorn<BR>
Of gathering crowds, the Britons' boasted chief.</blockquote> <i>J.
Philips.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively: To bind or confine so as to
prevent or embarrass action; to impede; to cumber.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shackled</i> by her devotion to the king, she seldom
could pursue that object.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To join by a link or chain, as railroad
cars.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Shackle bar</b></col>, <cd>the coupling between a
locomotive and its tender.</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>Shackle
bolt</b></col>, <cd>a shackle.</cd>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shack"lock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sort of
shackle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Shack"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shaky; rickety.</def>
[Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Shad</hw> (sh&abreve;d), <pos><i>n. sing. & pl.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sceadda</i> a kind of fish, akin to Prov. G. <i>schade</i>; cf. Ir.
& Gael. <i>sgadan</i> a herring, W. <i>ysgadan</i> herrings; all
perhaps akin to E. <i>skate</i> a fish.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
one of several species of food fishes of the Herring family. The
American species (<i>Clupea sapidissima</i>), which is abundant on the
Atlantic coast and ascends the larger rivers in spring to spawn, is an
important market fish. The European allice shad, or alose (<i>C.
alosa</i>), and the twaite shad. (<i>C. finta</i>), are less important
species.</def> [Written also <i>chad</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; The name is loosely applied, also, to several other fishes,
as the gizzard shad (see under <u>Gizzard</u>), called also <i>mud
shad</i>, <i>white-eyed shad</i>, and <i>winter shad</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Hardboaded</b></col>, or <col><b>Yellow-tailed</b></col>,
<col><b>shad</b></col>, <cd>the menhaden.</cd> --
<col><b>Hickory</b></col>, or <col><b>Tailor</b></col>,
<col><b>shad</b></col>, <cd>the mattowacca.</cd> -- <col><b>Long-boned
shad</b></col>, <cd>one of several species of important food fishes of
the Bermudas and the West Indies, of the genus <i>Gerres</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Shad bush</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name given to the
North American shrubs or small trees of the rosaceous genus
<i>Amelanchier</i> (<i>A. Canadensis</i>, and <i>A. alnifolia</i>)
Their white racemose blossoms open in April or May, when the shad
appear, and the edible berries (pomes) ripen in June or July, whence
they are called <i>Juneberries</i>. The plant is also called
<i>service tree</i>, and <i>Juneberry</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Shad
frog</b></col>, <cd>an American spotted frog (<i>Rana halecina</i>); -
- so called because it usually appears at the time when the shad begin
to run in the rivers.</cd> -- <col><b>Trout shad</b></col>, <cd>the
squeteague.</cd> -- <col><b>White shad</b></col>, <cd>the common
shad.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shad"bird`</hw> (sh&abreve;d"b&etilde;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The American, or
Wilson's, snipe. See under <u>Snipe</u>. So called because it appears
at the same time as the shad.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
common European sandpiper.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shadd</hw> (sh&abreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining.)</i>
<def>Rounded stones containing tin ore, lying at the surface of the
ground, and indicating a vein.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shad"de</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>obs. imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Shed</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shad"dock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Said to be so called
from a Captain <i>Shaddock</i>, who first brought this fruit from the
East Indies.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tree (<i>Citrus decumana</i>) and
its fruit, which is a large species of orange; -- called also
<i>forbidden fruit</i>, and <i>pompelmous</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shade</hw> (sh&amacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>shade</i>, <i>shadewe</i>, <i>schadewe</i>, AS. <i>sceadu</i>,
<i>scead</i>; akin to OS. <i>skado</i>, D. <i>schaduw</i>, OHG.
<i>scato</i>, (gen. <i>scatewes</i>), G. <i>schatten</i>, Goth.
<i>skadus</i>, Ir. & Gael. <i>sgath</i>, and probably to Gr.
<grk>sko`tos</grk> darkness.  &radic;162.  Cf. <u>Shadow</u>,
<u>Shed</u> a hat.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Comparative obscurity
owing to interception or interruption of the rays of light; partial
darkness caused by the intervention of something between the space
contemplated and the source of light.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Shade</i> differs from <i>shadow</i> as it implies no
particular form or definite limit; whereas a <i>shadow</i> represents
in form the object which intercepts the light. When we speak of the
<i>shade</i> of a tree, we have no reference to its form; but when we
speak of measuring a pyramid or other object by its <i>shadow</i>, we
have reference to its form and extent.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Darkness; obscurity; -- often in the
plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>shades</i> of night were falling
fast.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An obscure place; a spot not exposed to
light; hence, a secluded retreat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us seek out some desolate <i>shade</i>, and
there<BR>
Weep our sad bosoms empty.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which intercepts, or shelters from,
light or the direct rays of the sun; hence, also, that which protects
from heat or currents of air; a screen; protection; shelter; cover;
as, a lamp <i>shade</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord is thy <i>shade</i> upon thy right
hand.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxxi. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sleep under a fresh tree's <i>shade</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let the arched knife well sharpened now assail the
spreading <i>shades</i> of vegetables.</blockquote> <i>J.
Philips.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Shadow.</def> [Poetic.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Envy will merit, as its <i>shade</i>,
pursue.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The soul after its separation from the
body; -- so called because the ancients it to be perceptible to the
sight, though not to the touch; a spirit; a ghost; as, the
<i>shades</i> of departed heroes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Swift as thought the flitting <i>shade</i><BR>
Thro' air his momentary journey made.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Painting, Drawing, etc.)</i> <def>The darker
portion of a picture; a less illuminated part. See Def. 1,
above.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Degree or variation of color, as darker or
lighter, stronger or paler; as, a delicate <i>shade</i> of
pink.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>White, red, yellow, blue, with their several degrees,
or <i>shades</i> and mixtures, as green only in by the
eyes.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A minute difference or variation, as of
thought, belief, expression, etc.; also, the quality or degree of
anything which is distinguished from others similar by slight
differences; as, the <i>shades</i> of meaning in synonyms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>New <i>shades</i> and combinations of
thought.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every <i>shade</i> of religious and political opinion
has its own headquarters.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The Shades</b></col>, <cd>the Nether World; the supposed
abode of souls after leaving the body.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shade</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shaded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shading</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shelter or screen by
intercepting the rays of light; to keep off illumination from.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I went to crop the sylvan scenes,<BR>
And <i>shade</i> our altars with their leafy greens.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To shelter; to cover from injury; to
protect; to screen; to hide; as, to <i>shade</i> one's eyes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ere in our own house I do <i>shade</i> my
head.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To obscure; to dim the brightness
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou <i>shad'st</i><BR>
The full blaze of thy beams.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To pain in obscure colors; to
darken.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To mark with gradations of light or
color.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To present a shadow or image of; to shadow
forth; to represent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[The goddess] in her person cunningly did
<i>shade</i><BR>
That part of Justice which is Equity.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shade"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of shade;
shady.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shade"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being without shade;
not shaded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shad"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, shades.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shad"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a shady
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shad"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state of
being shady.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shad"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act
or process of making a shade.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That filling up which represents the effect
of more or less darkness, expressing rotundity, projection, etc., in a
picture or a drawing.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sha*doof"</hw> (sh&adot;*d&oomac;f"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Ar. <i>sh&amacr;d&umacr;f</i>.] <def>A machine, resembling a well
sweep, used in Egypt for raising water from the Nile for
irrigation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shad"ow</hw> (sh&abreve;d"&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Originally the same word as <i>shade</i>. &radic;162. See
<u>Shade</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Shade within defined limits;
obscurity or deprivation of light, apparent on a surface, and
representing the form of the body which intercepts the rays of light;
as, the <i>shadow</i> of a man, of a tree, or of a tower. See the Note
under <u>Shade</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Darkness; shade; obscurity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Night's sable <i>shadows</i> from the ocean
rise.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A shaded place; shelter; protection;
security.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In secret <i>shadow</i> from the sunny ray,<BR>
On a sweet bed of lilies softly laid.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A reflected image, as in a mirror or in
water.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which follows or attends a person or
thing like a shadow; an inseparable companion; hence, an obsequious
follower.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sin and her <i>shadow</i> Death.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A spirit; a ghost; a shade; a
phantom.</def> "Hence, horrible <i>shadow</i>!"  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>An imperfect and faint representation;
adumbration; indistinct image; dim bodying forth; hence, mystical
representation; type.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The law having a <i>shadow</i> of good things to
come.</blockquote> <i>Heb. x. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Types] and <i>shadows</i> of that destined
seed.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A small degree; a shade.</def> "No
variableness, neither <i>shadow</i> of turning."  <i>James i.
17.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>An uninvited guest coming with one who is
invited.</def> [A Latinism]  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I must not have my board pastered with
<i>shadows</i><BR>
That under other men's protection break in<BR>
Without invitement.</blockquote> <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Shadow of death</b></col>, <cd>darkness or gloom like that
caused by the presence or the impending of death.</cd>  <i>Ps. xxiii.
4.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shad"ow</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shadowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shadowing</u>.] [OE. <i>shadowen</i>, AS. <i>sceadwian</i>. See
<u>adow</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut off
light from; to put in shade; to shade; to throw a shadow upon; to
overspead with obscurity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The warlike elf much wondered at this tree,<BR>
So fair and great, that <i>shadowed</i> all the ground.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To conceal; to hide; to screen.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Let every soldier hew him down a bough.<BR>
And bear't before him; thereby shall we <i>shadow</i><BR>
The numbers of our host.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To protect; to shelter from danger; to
shroud.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shadowing</i> their right under your wings of
war.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To mark with gradations of light or color;
to shade.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To represent faintly or imperfectly; to
adumbrate; hence, to represent typically.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Augustus is <i>shadowed</i> in the person of
&AElig;neas.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To cloud; to darken; to cast a gloom
over.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>shadowed</i> livery of the burnished
sun.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Why sad?<BR>
I must not see the face O love thus <i>shadowed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To attend as closely as a shadow; to follow
and watch closely, especially in a secret or unobserved manner; as, a
detective <i>shadows</i> a criminal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shad"ow*i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being shadowy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shad"ow*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Shade, or gradation of light and color; shading.</def>
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A faint representation; an
adumbration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There are . . . in savage theology <i>shadowings</i>,
quaint or majestic, of the conception of a Supreme Deity.</blockquote>
<i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shad"ow*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shadowy;
vague.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shad"ow*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
shadow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shad"ow*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of shade or shadows; causing shade or shadow.</def>
"<i>Shadowy</i> verdure."  <i>Fenton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>shadowy</i> desert, unfrequented
woods.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, dark; obscure; gloomy; dim.</def>
"The <i>shadowy</i> past."  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not brightly luminous; faintly
light.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The moon . . . with more pleasing light,<BR>
<i>Shadowy</i> sets off the face things.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Faintly representative; hence,
typical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From <i>shadowy</i> types to truth, from flesh to
spirit.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Unsubstantial; unreal; as, <i>shadowy</i>
honor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Milton has brought into his poems two actors of a
<i>shadowy</i><BR>
and fictitious nature, in the persons of Sin and Death.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sha"drach</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A
mass of iron on which the operation of smelting has failed of its
intended effect; -- so called from <i>Shadrach</i>, one of the three
Hebrews who came forth unharmed from the fiery furnace of
Nebuchadnezzar. (See <i>Dan. iii. 26, 27.</i>)</def></p>

<p><hw>Shad"-spir`it</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shadbird</u> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd></def></p>

<p><hw>Shad"-wait`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A lake whitefish; the roundfish. See
<u>Roundfish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shad"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Shadier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Shadiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Abounding in shade or shades; overspread with shade; causing
shade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>shady</i> trees cover him with their
shadow.</blockquote> <i>Job. xl. 22.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And Amaryllis fills the <i>shady</i>
groves.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sheltered from the glare of light or sultry
heat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cast it also that you may have rooms <i>shady</i> for
summer and warm for winter.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to shade or darkness;
hence, unfit to be seen or known; equivocal; dubious or corrupt.</def>
[Colloq.] "A <i>shady</i> business."  <i>London Sat. Rev.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shady</i> characters, disreputable,
criminal.</blockquote> <i>London Spectator.</i></p>

<p><col><b>On the shady side of</b></col>, <cd>on the thither side of;
as, <i>on the shady side of</i> fifty; that is, more than fifty.</cd>
[Colloq.] -- <col><b>To keep shady</b></col>, <cd>to stay in
concealment; also, to be reticent.</cd> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Shaf"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Shuffle</u>.] <def>To hobble or limp; to shuffle.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shaf"fler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hobbler; one
who limps; a shuffer.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sha"fi*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of one
of the four sects of the Sunnites, or Orthodox Mohammedans; -- so
called from its founder, Mohammed al-<i>Shafe&iuml;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shaft</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shaft</i>,
<i>schaft</i>, AS. <i>sceaft</i>; akin to D. <i>schacht</i>, OHG.
<i>scaft</i>, G. <i>schaft</i>, Dan. & Sw. <i>skaft</i> handle, haft,
Icel. <i>skapt</i>, and probably to L. <i>scapus</i>, Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;&?;, a staff. Probably originally, a shaven or
smoothed rod.  Cf. <u>Scape</u>, <u>Scepter</u>, <u>Shave</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The slender, smooth stem of an arrow; hence,
an arrow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His sleep, his meat, his drink, is him bereft,<BR>
That lean he wax, and dry as is a <i>shaft</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>shaft</i> hath three principal parts, the stele
[stale], the feathers, and the head.</blockquote> <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The long handle of a spear or similar
weapon; hence, the weapon itself; (Fig.) anything regarded as a shaft
to be thrown or darted; as, <i>shafts</i> of light.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the thunder,<BR>
Winged with red lightning and impetuous rage,<BR>
Perhaps hath spent his <i>shafts</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some kinds of literary pursuits . . . have been
attacked with all the <i>shafts</i> of ridicule.</blockquote> <i>V.
Knox.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles in some degree the
stem or handle of an arrow or a spear; a long, slender part,
especially when cylindrical.</def> Specifically: (a) <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The trunk, stem, or stalk of a plant.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The stem or midrib of a feather.</def> See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Feather</u>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The pole,
or tongue, of a vehicle; also, a thill.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<def>The part of a candlestick which supports its branches.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt make a candlestick of pure gold . . . his
<i>shaft</i>, and his branches, his bowls, his knops, and his flowers,
shall be of the same.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxv. 31.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>The handle or helve of certain tools,
instruments, etc., as a hammer, a whip, etc.</def> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd>
<def>A pole, especially a Maypole.</def> [Obs.] <i>Stow.</i>
<sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The body of a column; the
cylindrical pillar between the capital and base (see <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Column</u>). Also, the part of a chimney above the roof. Also, the
spire of a steeple.</def> [Obs. or R.] <i>Gwilt.</i>
<sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <def>A column, an obelisk, or other spire-shaped
or columnar monument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bid time and nature gently spare<BR>
The <i>shaft</i> we raise to thee.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(i)</i></sd> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>A rod at the end of a
heddle.</def> <sd><i>(j)</i></sd> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A solid or
hollow cylinder or bar, having one or more journals on which it rests
and revolves, and intended to carry one or more wheels or other
revolving parts and to transmit power or motion; as, the <i>shaft</i>
of a steam engine.</def> See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Countershaft</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A humming bird
(<i>Thaumastura cora</i>) having two of the tail feathers next to the
middle ones very long in the male; -- called also <i>cora humming
bird</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> [Cf. G. <i>schacht</i>.] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A
well-like excavation in the earth, perpendicular or nearly so, made
for reaching and raising ore, for raising water, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A long passage for the admission or outlet
of air; an air shaft.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The chamber of a blast furnace.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Line shaft</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a main shaft of
considerable length, in a shop or factory, usually bearing a number of
pulleys by which machines are driven, commonly by means of
countershafts; -- called also <i>line</i>, or <i>main line</i>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Shaft alley</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a passage
extending from the engine room to the stern, and containing the
propeller shaft.</cd> -- <col><b>Shaft furnace</b></col>
<i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>a furnace, in the form of a chimney, which is
charged at the top and tapped at the bottom.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shaft"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Furnished with a shaft, or with shafts; as, a <i>shafted</i>
arch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Having a shaft; -- applied to
a spear when the head and the shaft are of different
tinctures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shaft"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i>
<def>Shafts, collectivelly; a system of connected shafts for
communicating motion.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Shaft"man</hw> (?), <hw>Shaft"ment</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sceaftmund</i>.] <def>A measure of about
six inches.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><! p. 1322 !></p>

<p><hw>Shag</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sceacga</i> a bush
of hair; akin to Icel. <i>skegg</i> the beard, Sw. <i>sk&auml;gg</i>,
Dan. <i>skj&?;g</i>.  Cf. <u>Schock</u> of hair.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Coarse hair or nap; rough, woolly hair.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>True Witney broadcloth, with its <i>shag</i>
unshorn.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of cloth having a long, coarse
nap.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>A kind of prepared tobacco
cut fine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of
cormorant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shag</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hairy; shaggy.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shag</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shagged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shagging</u>.] <def>To make hairy or shaggy; hence, to make
rough.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shag</i> the green zone that bounds the boreal
skies.</blockquote> <i>J. Barlow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shag"bark`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
rough-barked species of hickory (<i>Carya alba</i>), its nut. Called
also <i>shellbark</i>. See <u>Hickory</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The West Indian <i>Pithecolobium micradenium</i>, a legiminous
tree with a red coiled-up pod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shage"bush`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sackbut.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Shag"ged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shaggy;
rough.</def> <i>Milton.</i> -- <wf>Shag"ged*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shag"gi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being shaggy; roughness; shaggedness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shag"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Shaggier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Shaggiest</u>.] [From <u>Shag</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Rough with long hair or wool.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>About his shoulders hangs the <i>shaggy</i>
skin.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rough; rugged; jaggy.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[A rill] that winds unseen beneath the <i>shaggy</i>
fell.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shag"-haired`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having shaggy
hair.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shag"-rag`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The unkempt and
ragged part of the community.</def> [Colloq. or Slang.]  <i>R.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sha*green"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
chagrin.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sha*green"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>chagrin</i>, It.
<i>zigrino</i>, fr. Turk. <i>saghri</i> the back of a horse or other
beast of burden, shagreen.  Cf. <u>Chagrin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A kind of untanned leather prepared in Russia and the East, from
the skins of horses, asses, and camels, and grained so as to be
covered with small round granulations. This characteristic surface is
produced by pressing small seeds into the grain or hair side when
moist, and afterward, when dry, scraping off the roughness left
between them, and then, by soaking, causing the portions of the skin
which had been compressed or indented by the seeds to swell up into
relief. It is used for covering small cases and boxes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The skin of various small sharks and other
fishes when having small, rough, bony scales. The dogfishes of the
genus <i>Scyllium</i> furnish a large part of that used in the
arts.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sha*green"</hw> (?), <hw>Sha*greened"</hw> (?) }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Made or covered with the
leather called shagreen.</def> "A <i>shagreen</i> case of lancets."
<i>T. Hook.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Covered with rough
scales or points like those on shagreen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shah</hw> (sh&auml;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per.
<i>sh&amacr;h</i> a king, sovereign, prince.  Cf. <u>Checkmate</u>,
<u>Chess</u>, <u>Pasha</u>.] <def>The title of the supreme ruler in
certain Eastern countries, especially Persia.</def> [Written also
<i>schah</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Shah Nameh</b></col>. [Per., Book of Kings.] <cd>A
celebrated historical poem written by Firdousi, being the most ancient
in the modern Persian language.</cd>  <i>Brande & C.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sha*hin"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>sh&amacr;h&imacr;n</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large and swift
Asiatic falcon (<i>Falco pregrinator</i>) highly valued in
falconry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shaik</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sheik</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shail</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>sceolh</i>
squinting, Icel. <i>skj&amacr;gr</i> wry, oblique, Dan. <i>skele</i>
to squint.] <def>To walk sidewise.</def> [Obs.]
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shake</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>obs. p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Shake</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shake</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Shook</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Shaken</u> (?),
(<u>Shook</u>, obs.); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shaking</u>.] [OE. <i>shaken</i>, <i>schaken</i>, AS.
<i>scacan</i>, <i>sceacan</i>; akin to Icel. & Sw. <i>skaka</i>, OS.
<i>skakan</i>, to depart, to flee. &radic;161.  Cf. <u>Shock</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to move with
quick or violent vibrations; to move rapidly one way and the other; to
make to tremble or shiver; to agitate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As a fig tree casteth her untimely figs, when she is
<i>shaken</i> of a mighty wind.</blockquote> <i>Rev. vi. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ascend my chariot; guide the rapid wheels<BR>
That <i>shake</i> heaven's basis.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To move from firmness; to weaken the
stability of; to cause to waver; to impair the resolution
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When his doctrines grew too strong to be <i>shook</i>
by his enemies, they persecuted his reputation.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy equal fear that my firm faith and love<BR>
Can by his fraud be <i>shaken</i> or seduced.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To give a tremulous tone to;
to trill; as, to <i>shake</i> a note in music.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To move or remove by agitating; to throw
off by a jolting or vibrating motion; to rid one's self of; --
generally with an adverb, as <i>off</i>, <i>out</i>, etc.; as, to
<i>shake</i> fruit down from a tree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shake</i> off the golden slumber of
repose.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>'Tis our fast intent<BR>
To <i>shake</i> all cares and business from our age.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I could scarcely <i>shake</i> him out of my
company.</blockquote> <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To shake a cask</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to knock a
cask to pieces and pack the staves.</cd> -- <col><b>To shake
hands</b></col>, <cd>to perform the customary act of civility by
clasping and moving hands, as an expression of greeting, farewell,
good will, agreement, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>To shake out a
reef</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to untile the reef points and
spread more canvas.</cd> -- <col><b>To shake the bells</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Bell</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To shake the
sails</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to luff up in the wind, causing
the sails to shiver.</cd> <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shake</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be agitated with a
waving or vibratory motion; to tremble; to shiver; to quake; to
totter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Under his burning wheels<BR>
The steadfast empyrean <i>shook</i> throughout,<BR>
All but the throne itself of God.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What danger? Who 's that that <i>shakes</i> behind
there?</blockquote> <i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Shaking piece</b></col>, <cd>a name given by butchers to
the piece of beef cut from the under side of the neck. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Beef</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shake</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or result of shaking; a vacillating or wavering motion; a
rapid motion one way and other; a trembling, quaking, or shivering;
agitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The great soldier's honor was composed<BR>
Of thicker stuff, which could endure a <i>shake</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our salutations were very hearty on both sides,
consisting of many kind <i>shakes</i> of the hand.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fissure or crack in timber, caused by its
being dried too suddenly.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A fissure in rock or earth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A rapid alternation of a
principal tone with another represented on the next degree of the
staff above or below it; a trill.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>One of the staves of a
hogshead or barrel taken apart.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A shook of staves and headings.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The redshank; -- so
called from the nodding of its head while on the ground.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>No great shakes</b></col>, <cd>of no great importance.</cd>
[Slang] <i>Byron.</i> -- <col><b>The shakes</b></col>, <cd>the fever
and ague.</cd> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Shake"down`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A temporary
substitute for a bed, as one made on the floor or on chairs; --
perhaps originally from the shaking down of straw for this
purpose.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shake"fork`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fork for
shaking hay; a pitchfork.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Shak"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Caused to shake; agitated; as, a <i>shaken</i> bough.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cracked or checked; split. See
<u>Shake</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor is the wood <i>shaken</i> or twisted.</blockquote>
<i>Barroe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Impaired, as by a shock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shak"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A person or thing that shakes, or by means of which something is
shaken.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of a religious sect who do not marry,
popularly so called from the movements of the members in dancing,
which forms a part of their worship.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The sect originated in England in 1747, and came to the
United States in 1774, under the leadership of Mother Ann Lee. The
Shakers are sometimes nicknamed <i>Shaking Quakers</i>, but they
differ from the Quakers in doctrine and practice. They style
themselves the "United Society of Believers in Christ's Second
Appearing." The sect is now confined in the United States.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A variety of
pigeon.</def>  <i>P. J. Selby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shak"er*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
Shaker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shak"er*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Doctrines of
the Shakers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shake*spear"e*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or in the style of, Shakespeare or his works.</def>
[Written also <i>Shakespearian</i>, <i>Shakspearean</i>,
<i>Shakspearian</i>, <i>Shaksperean</i>, <i>Shaksperian</i>.etc.]</p>

<p><hw>Shak"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being shaky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shak"ings</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Deck sweepings, refuse of cordage, canvas, etc.</def>  <i>Ham.
Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shak"o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hung.
<i>cs&aacute;k&oacute;</i>: cf. F. <i>shako</i>, <i>schako</i>.]
<def>A kind of military cap or headdress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shak"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Shakier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Shakiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Shaking or trembling; as, a <i>shaky</i> spot in a marsh; a
<i>shaky</i> hand.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Full of shakes or cracks; cracked; as,
<i>shaky</i> timber.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Easily shaken; tottering; unsound; as, a
<i>shaky</i> constitution; <i>shaky</i> business credit.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Shale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>scealy</i>,
<i>scalu</i>. See <u>Scalme</u>, and cf. <u>Shell</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A shell or husk; a cod or pod.</def> "The
green <i>shales</i> of a bean."  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [G. <i>shale</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A fine-
grained sedimentary rock of a thin, laminated, and often friable,
structure.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bituminous shale</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Bituminous</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shale</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To take off the shell
or coat of; to shell.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Life, in its upper grades, was bursting its shell, or
was <i>shaling</i> off its husk.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shall</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. & auxiliary.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Should</u> (?).] [OE. <i>shal</i>,
<i>schal</i>, imp. <i>sholde</i>, <i>scholde</i>, AS. <i>scal</i>,
<i>sceal</i>, I am obliged, imp. <i>scolde</i>, <i>sceolde</i>, inf.
<i>sculan</i>; akin to OS. <i>skulan</i>, pres. <i>skal</i>, imp.
<i>skolda</i>, D. <i>zullen</i>, pres. <i>zal</i>, imp. <i>zoude</i>,
<i>zou</i>, OHG. <i>solan</i>, <i>scolan</i>, pres. <i>scal</i>,
<i>sol</i>. imp. <i>scolta</i>, <i>solta</i>, G. <i>sollen</i>, pres.
<i>soll</i>, imp. <i>sollte</i>, Icel. <i>skulu</i>, pres.
<i>skal</i>, imp. <i>skyldi</i>, SW. <i>skola</i>, pres. <i>skall</i>,
imp. <i>skulle</i>, Dan. <i>skulle</i>, pres. <i>skal</i>, imp.
<i>skulde</i>, Goth. <i>skulan</i>, pres. <i>skal</i>, imp.
<i>skulda</i>, and to AS. <i>scyld</i> guilt, G. <i>schuld</i> guilt,
fault, debt, and perhaps to L. <i>scelus</i> crime.] [<i>Shall</i> is
defective, having no infinitive, imperative, or participle.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To owe; to be under obligation for.</def>
[Obs.] "By the faith I <i>shall</i> to God"  <i>Court of Love.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be obliged; must.</def> [Obs.] "Me
athinketh [I am sorry] that I <i>shall</i> rehearse it her."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>As an auxiliary, <i>shall</i> indicates a
duty or necessity whose obligation is derived from the person
speaking; as, you <i>shall</i> go; he <i>shall</i> go; that is, I
order or promise your going. It thus ordinarily expresses, in the
second and third persons, a command, a threat, or a promise. If the
auxillary be emphasized, the command is made more imperative, the
promise or that more positive and sure. It is also employed in the
language of prophecy; as, "the day <i>shall</i> come when . . . , "
since a promise or threat and an authoritative prophecy nearly
coincide in significance. In <i>shall</i> with the first person, the
necessity of the action is sometimes implied as residing elsewhere
than in the speaker; as, I <i>shall</i> suffer; we <i>shall</i> see;
and there is always a less distinct and positive assertion of his
volition than is indicated by <i>will</i>. "I <i>shall</i> go" implies
nearly a simple futurity; more exactly, a foretelling or an
expectation of my going, in which, naturally enough, a certain degree
of plan or intention may be included; emphasize the <i>shall</i>, and
the event is described as certain to occur, and the expression
approximates in meaning to our emphatic "I <i>will</i> go." In a
question, the relation of speaker and source of obligation is of
course transferred to the person addressed; as, "<i>Shall</i> you go?"
(answer, "I <i>shall</i> go"); "<i>Shall</i> he go?" <i>i. e.</i>, "Do
you require or promise his going?" (answer, "He <i>shall</i> go".) The
same relation is transferred to either second or third person in such
phrases as "You say, or think, you <i>shall</i> go;" "He says, or
thinks, he <i>shall</i> go."  After a conditional conjunction (as
<i>if</i>, whether) <i>shall</i> is used in all persons to express
futurity simply; as, if I, you, or he <i>shall</i> say they are right.
<i>Should</i> is everywhere used in the same connection and the same
senses as <i>shall</i>, as its imperfect. It also expresses duty or
moral obligation; as, he <i>should</i> do it whether he will or not.
In the early English, and hence in our English Bible, <i>shall</i> is
the auxiliary mainly used, in all the persons, to express simple
futurity. (Cf. <u>Will</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>) <i>Shall</i> may
be used elliptically; thus, with an adverb or other word expressive of
motion <i>go</i> may be omitted.</def> "He to England <i>shall</i>
along with you."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Shall</i> and <i>will</i> are often confounded by
inaccurate speakers and writers. Say: I <i>shall</i> be glad to see
you. <i>Shall</i> I do this? <i>Shall</i> I help you? (not <i>Will</i>
I do this?) See <u>Will</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Shal"li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Challis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shal"lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An
evergreen shrub (<i>Gaultheria Shallon</i>) of Northwest America;
also, its fruit. See <u>Salal-berry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shal*loon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>chalon</i>,
from <i>Ch&acirc;lons</i>, in France, where it was first made.] <def>A
thin, loosely woven, twilled worsted stuff.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In blue <i>shalloon</i> shall Hannibal be
clad.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shal"lop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>chaloupe</i>,
probably from D. <i>sloep</i>.  Cf. <u>Sloop</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A boat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[She] thrust the <i>shallop</i> from the floating
strand.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>shallop</i> is applied to boats of all sizes,
from a light canoe up to a large boat with masts and sails.</p>

<p><hw>Shal*lot"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>eschalote</i>
(for <i>escalone</i>), F. <i>&eacute;chalote</i>. See <u>Scallion</u>,
and cf. <u>Eschalot</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small kind of onion
(<i>Allium Ascalonicum</i>) growing in clusters, and ready for
gathering in spring; a scallion, or eschalot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shal"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Shallower</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Shallowest</u>.] [OE. <i>schalowe</i>,
probably originally, sloping or shelving; cf. Icel.
<i>skj&amacr;lgr</i> wry, squinting, AS. <i>sceolh</i>, D. & G.
<i>scheel</i>, OHG. <i>schelah</i>.  Cf. <u>Shelve</u> to slope,
<u>Shoal</u> shallow.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not deep; having little
depth; shoal.</def> "<i>Shallow</i> brooks, and rivers wide."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not deep in tone.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The sound perfecter and not so <i>shallow</i> and
jarring.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not intellectually deep; not profound; not
penetrating deeply; simple; not wise or knowing; ignorant;
superficial; as, a <i>shallow</i> mind; <i>shallow</i>
learning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king was neither so <i>shallow</i>, nor so ill
advertised, as not to perceive the intention of the French
king.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Deep versed in books, and <i>shallow</i> in
himself.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shal"low</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
place in a body of water where the water is not deep; a shoal; a flat;
a shelf.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A swift stream is not heard in the channel, but upon
<i>shallows</i> of gravel.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Dashed on the <i>shallows</i> of the moving
sand.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The rudd.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shal"low</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
shallow.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shal"low</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become shallow,
as water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shal"low-bod`ied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Having a moderate depth of hold; -- said of a vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shal"low-brained`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Weak in
intellect; foolish; empty-headed.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p>
<hw>Shal"low-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable of
deep feeling.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shal"low*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a shallow
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shal"low*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state
of being shallow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shal"low-pat`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shallow-
brained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shal"low-waist`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Having a flush deck, or with only a moderate depression
amidships; -- said of a vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shalm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shawm</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shalt</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>2d per. sing.</i></pos> of
<u>Shall</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shal"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling shale in
structure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sham</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Originally the same word
as <i>shame</i>, hence, a disgrace, a trick. See <u>Shame</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which deceives
expectation; any trick, fraud, or device that deludes and disappoint;
a make-believe; delusion; imposture, humbug.</def> "A mere
<i>sham</i>."  <i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Believe who will the solemn <i>sham</i>, not
I.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A false front, or removable ornamental
covering.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pillow sham</b></col>, <cd>a covering to be laid on a
pillow.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sham</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>False; counterfeit;
pretended; feigned; unreal; as, a <i>sham</i> fight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They scorned the <i>sham</i> independence proffered to
them by the Athenians.</blockquote> <i>Jowett (Thucyd)</i></p>

<p><hw>Sham</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shammed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shamming</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To trick; to cheat; to
deceive or delude with false pretenses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fooled and <i>shammed</i> into a
conviction.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To obtrude by fraud or imposition.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We must have a care that we do not . . . <i>sham</i>
fallacies upon the world for current reason.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To assume the manner and character of; to
imitate; to ape; to feign.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To sham Abram</b></col> or <col><b>Abraham</b></col>,
<cd>to feign sickness; to malinger. Hence a malingerer is called, in
sailors' cant, <i>Sham Abram</i>, or <i>Sham Abraham</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sham</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make false
pretenses; to deceive; to feign; to impose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wondering . . . whether those who lectured him were
such fools as they professed to be, or were only
<i>shamming</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sha"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>sh&amacr;m&amacr;</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A saxicoline
singing bird (<i>Kittacincla macroura</i>) of India, noted for the
sweetness and power of its song. In confinement it imitates the notes
of other birds and various animals with accuracy. Its head, neck,
back, breast, and tail are glossy black, the rump white, the under
parts chestnut.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sha"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native name.]
<def>A priest of Shamanism; a wizard among the Shamanists.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1323 !></p>

<p><hw>Sha*man"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Shamanism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sha"man*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The type of
religion which once prevalied among all the Ural-Altaic peoples
(Tungusic, Mongol, and Turkish), and which still survives in various
parts of Northern Asia. The Shaman, or wizard priest, deals with good
as well as with evil spirits, especially the good spirits of
ancestors.</def>  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sha"man*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An adherent of
Shamanism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sham"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>schamel</i> a
bench, stool, AS. <i>scamel</i>, <i>sceamol</i>, a bench, form, stool,
fr. L. <i>scamellum</i>, dim. of <i>scamnum</i> a bench, stool.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>One of a succession of niches
or platforms, one above another, to hold ore which is thrown
successively from platform to platform, and thus raised to a higher
level.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A place where butcher's meat is
sold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As summer flies are in the
<i>shambles</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A place for slaughtering animals
for meat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To make a <i>shambles</i> of the parliament
house.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sham"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shambled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shambling</u> (?).] [Cf. OD. <i>schampelen</i> to slip,
<i>schampen</i> to slip away, escape.  Cf. <u>Scamble</u>,
<u>Scamper</u>.] <def>To walk awkwardly and unsteadily, as if the
knees were weak; to shuffle along.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sham"bling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characterized by
an awkward, irregular pace; as, a <i>shambling</i> trot;
<i>shambling</i> legs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sham"bling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An awkward,
irregular gait.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shame</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shame</i>,
<i>schame</i>, AS. <i>scamu</i>, <i>sceamu</i>; akin to OS. & OHG.
<i>scama</i>, G. <i>scham</i>, Icel. <i>sk&ouml;mm</i>, <i>shkamm</i>,
Sw. & Dan. <i>skam</i>, D. & G. <i>schande</i>, Goth. <i>skanda</i>
shame, <i>skaman sik</i> to be ashamed; perhaps from a root
<i>skam</i> meaning to cover, and akin to the root (<i>kam</i>) of G.
<i>hemd</i> shirt, E. <i>chemise</i>.  Cf. <u>Sham</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A painful sensation excited by a consciousness
of guilt or impropriety, or of having done something which injures
reputation, or of the exposure of that which nature or modesty prompts
us to conceal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>HIde, for <i>shame</i>,<BR>
Romans, your grandsires' images,<BR>
That blush at their degenerate progeny.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Have you no modesty, no maiden
<i>shame</i>?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Reproach incurred or suffered; dishonor;
ignominy; derision; contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye have borne the <i>shame</i> of the
heathen.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. xxxvi. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Honor and <i>shame</i> from no condition
rise.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And every woe a tear can claim<BR>
Except an erring sister's <i>shame</i>.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The cause or reason of shame; that which
brings reproach, and degrades a person in the estimation of others;
disgrace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O C&?;sar, what a wounding <i>shame</i> is
this!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Guides who are the <i>shame</i> of
religion.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The parts which modesty requires to be
covered; the private parts.</def>  <i>Isa. xlvii. 3.</i></p>

<p><col><b>For shame!</b></col> <cd>you should be ashamed; shame on
you!</cd> -- <col><b>To put to shame</b></col>, <cd>to cause to feel
shame; to humiliate; to disgrace.</cd> "Let them be driven backward
and <i>put to shame</i> that wish me evil."  <i>Ps. xl. 14.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Shame</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shamed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shaming</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make ashamed; to excite in
(a person) a comsciousness of guilt or impropriety, or of conduct
derogatory to reputation; to put to shame.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Were there but one righteous in the world, he would . .
. <i>shame</i> the world, and not the world him.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover with reproach or ignominy; to
dishonor; to disgrace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And with foul cowardice his carcass
<i>shame</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To mock at; to deride.</def> [Obs. or
R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ye have <i>shamed</i> the counsel of the
poor.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xiv. 6.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shame</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [AS. <i>scamian</i>,
<i>sceamian</i>. See <u>Shame</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To be
ashamed; to feel shame.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I do <i>shame</i><BR>
To think of what a noble strain you are.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shame"faced`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [For
<i>shamefast</i>; AS. <i>scamf&aelig;st</i>. See <u>Shame</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and <u>Fast</u> firm.] <def>Easily confused or
put out of countenance; diffident; bashful; modest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your <i>shamefaced</i> virtue shunned the people's
prise.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Shamefaced</i> was once <i>shamefast</i>,
<i>shamefacedness</i> was <i>shamefastness</i>, like <i>steadfast</i>
and <i>steadfastness</i>; but the ordinary manifestations of shame
being by the face, have brought it to its present orthography.
<i>Trench.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Shame"faced</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Shame"faced`ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Shame"fast</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>scamf&aelig;st</i>.] <def>Modest; shamefaced.</def> --
<wf>Shame"fast*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Shame"fast*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Archaic] See
<u>Shamefaced</u>.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shamefast</i> she was in maiden
<i>shamefastness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Conscience] is a blushing <i>shamefast</i>
spirit.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Modest apparel with <i>shamefastness</i>.</blockquote>
<i>1 Tim. ii. 9 (Rev. Ver.).</i></p>

<p><hw>Shame"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Bringing shame or disgrace; injurious to reputation;
disgraceful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His naval preparations were not more surprising than
his quick and <i>shameful</i> retreat.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exciting the feeling of shame in others;
indecent; as, a <i>shameful</i> picture; a <i>shameful</i>
sight.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Disgraceful; reproachful; indecent; unbecoming;
degrading; scandalous; ignominious; infamous.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Shame"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Shame"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Shame"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>scamle&aacute;s</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of shame;
wanting modesty; brazen-faced; insensible to disgrace.</def> "Such
<i>shameless</i> bards we have."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Shame enough to shame thee, wert thou not
<i>shameless</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Indicating want of modesty, or sensibility
to disgrace; indecent; as, a <i>shameless</i> picture or
poem.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Impudent; unblushing; audacious; immodest; indecent;
indelicate.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Shame"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Shame"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Shame"-proof`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Shameless.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sham"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, disgraces, or makes ashamed.</def>  <i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sham"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who shams; an
impostor.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sham"my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>chamious</i> a
chamois, shammy leather. See <u>Chamois</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The chamois.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A soft, pliant leather, prepared originally
from the skin of the chamois, but now made also from the skin of the
sheep, goat, kid, deer, and calf. See <u>Shamoying</u>.</def> [Written
also <i>chamois</i>, <i>shamoy</i>, and <i>shamois</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sham"ois</hw>, <hw>Sham"oy</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Shammy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sha*moy"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Shammy</u>.]
<def>A process used in preparing certain kinds of leather, which
consists in frizzing the skin, and working oil into it to supply the
place of the astringent (tannin, alum, or the like) ordinarily used in
tanning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sham*poo"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shampooed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shampooing</u>.] [Hind. <i>ch&amacr;mpn&amacr;</i> to press, to
squeeze.] [Writing also <i>champoo</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
press or knead the whole surface of the body of (a person), and at the
same time to stretch the limbs and joints, in connection with the hot
bath.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wash throughly and rub the head of (a
person), with the fingers, using either soap, or a soapy preparation,
for the more thorough cleansing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sham*poo"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
shampooing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sham*poo"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
shampoos.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sham"rock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>seamrog</i>,
<i>seamar</i>, trefoil, white clover, white honeysuckle; akin to Gael.
<i>seamrag</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A trifoliate plant used as a
national emblem by the Irish. The legend is that St. Patrick once
plucked a leaf of it for use in illustrating the doctrine of the
trinity.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The original plant was probably a kind of wood sorrel
(<i>Oxalis Acetocella</i>); but now the name is given to the white
clover (<i>Trifolium repens</i>), and the black medic (<i>Medicago
lupulina</i>).</p>

<p><hw>Shan"dry*dan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A jocosely
depreciative name for a vehicle.</def> [Ireland]</p>

<p><hw>Shan"dy*gaff</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mixture of
strong beer and ginger beer.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shang`hai"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shanghaied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shanghaiing</u>.] <def>To intoxicate and ship (a person) as a
sailor while in this condition.</def> [Written also <i>shanghae</i>.]
[Slang, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Shang`hai"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large and tall breed of domestic fowl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shank</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Chank</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shank</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shanke</i>,
<i>schanke</i>, <i>schonke</i>, AS. <i>scanca</i>, <i>sceanca</i>,
<i>sconca</i>, <i>sceonca</i>; akin to D. <i>schonk</i> a bone, G.
<i>schenkel</i> thigh, shank, <i>schinken</i> ham, OHG. <i>scincha</i>
shank, Dan. & Sw. <i>skank</i>. &radic;161.  Cf. <u>Skink</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The part of the leg from
the knee to the foot; the shin; the shin bone; also, the whole
leg.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His youthful hose, well saved, a world too wide<BR>
For his shrunk <i>shank</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, that part of an instrument, tool, or
other thing, which connects the acting part with a handle or other
part, by which it is held or moved.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That part of a key which is between the bow
and the part which enters the wards of the lock.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The middle part of an anchor, or that part
which is between the ring and the arms.</def> See <i>Illustr</i>. of
<u>Anchor</u>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>That part of a hoe, rake,
knife, or the like, by which it is secured to a handle.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A loop forming an eye to a button.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The space between two
channels of the Doric triglyph.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>A large ladle for molten
metal, fitted with long bars for handling it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>The body of a
type.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Shoemaking)</i> <def>The part of the sole
beneath the instep connecting the broader front part with the
heel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A wading bird with long
legs; as, the green-legged <i>shank</i>, or knot; the yellow
<i>shank</i>, or tattler; -- called also <i>shanks</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Flat-nosed pliers, used by
opticians for nipping off the edges of pieces of glass to make them
round.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Shank painter</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a short rope or
chain which holds the shank of an anchor against the side of a vessel
when it is secured for a voyage.</cd> -- <col><b>To ride shank's
mare</b></col>, <cd>to go on foot; to walk.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shank</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fall off, as a
leaf, flower, or capsule, on account of disease affecting the
supporting footstalk; -- usually followed by <i>off</i>.</def>
<i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shank"beer`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Schenkbeer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shanked</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
shank.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shank"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See
<u>Chancre</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shan"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Shannies</b></plw> (#). [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European smooth blenny (<i>Blennius
pholis</i>). It is olive-green with irregular black spots, and without
appendages on the head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shan't</hw> (?). <def>A contraction of <i>shall not</i>.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Shan"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Jaunty;
showy.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shan"ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;<i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Shanties</b></plw> (#). [Said to be fr. Ir. <i>sean</i> old +
<i>tig</i>. a house.] <def>A small, mean dwelling; a rough, slight
building for temporary use; a hut.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shan"ty</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To inhabit a
shanty.</def>  <i>S. H. Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shap"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That may be shaped.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Shapely.</def> [R.] "Round and
<i>shapable</i>."  <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shape</hw> (sh&amacr;p), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Shaped</u> (sh&amacr;pt); <pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shaped</u> or <u>Shapen</u> (sh&amacr;p"'n);
<pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Shaping</u>.] [OE. <i>shapen</i>,
<i>schapen</i>, AS. <i>sceapian</i>. The p. p. <i>shapen</i> is from
the strong verb, AS. <i>scieppan</i>, <i>scyppan</i>, <i>sceppan</i>,
p. p. <i>sceapen</i>. See <u>Shape</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form or create; especially, to mold or make
into a particular form; to give proper form or figure to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was <i>shapen</i> in iniquity.</blockquote> <i>Ps.
li. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Grace <i>shaped</i> her limbs, and beauty decked her
face.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To adapt to a purpose; to regulate; to
adjust; to direct; as, to <i>shape</i> the course of a
vessel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To the stream, when neither friends, nor force,<BR>
Nor speed nor art avail, he <i>shapes</i> his course.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Charmed by their eyes, their manners I acquire,<BR>
And <i>shape</i> my foolishness to their desire.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To image; to conceive; to body
forth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Oft my jealousy<BR>
<i>Shapes</i> faults that are not.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To design; to prepare; to plan; to
arrange.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When <i>shapen</i> was all this conspiracy,<BR>
From point to point.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Shaping machine</b></col>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Shaper</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To shape one's self</b></col>, <cd>to
prepare; to make ready.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I will early <i>shape me</i> therefor.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shape</hw> (sh&amacr;p), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To suit;
to be adjusted or conformable.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shape</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shap</i>,
<i>schap</i>, AS. <i>sceap</i> in <i>gesceap</i> creation, creature,
fr. the root of <i>scieppan</i>, <i>scyppan</i>, <i>sceppan</i>, to
shape, to do, to effect; akin to OS. gi<i>skeppian</i>, OFries.
<i>skeppa</i>, D. <i>scheppen</i>, G. <i>schaffen</i>, OHG.
<i>scaffan</i>, <i>scepfen</i>, <i>skeffen</i>, Icer. <i>skapa</i>,
<i>skepja</i>, Dan. <i>skabe</i>, <i>skaffe</i>, Sw. <i>skapa</i>,
<i>skaffa</i>, Goth. ga<i>skapjan</i>, and perhaps to E. <i>shave</i>,
v.  Cf. <u>-ship</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Character or
construction of a thing as determining its external appearance;
outward aspect; make; figure; form; guise; as, the <i>shape</i> of a
tree; the <i>shape</i> of the head; an elegant <i>shape</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He beat me grievously, in the <i>shape</i> of a
woman.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which has form or figure; a figure; an
appearance; a being.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Before the gates three sat,<BR>
On either side, a formidable <i>shape</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A model; a pattern; a mold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Form of embodiment, as in words; form, as
of thought or conception; concrete embodiment or example, as of some
quality.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Dress for disguise; guise.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Look better on this virgin, and consider<BR>
This Persian <i>shape</i> laid by, and she appearing<BR>
In a Greekish dress.</blockquote> <i>Messinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Iron Manuf.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
rolled or hammered piece, as a bar, beam, angle iron, etc., having a
cross section different from merchant bar.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A piece which has been roughly forged nearly to the form it will
receive when completely forged or fitted.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To take shape</b></col>, <cd>to assume a definite
form.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Shape"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of shape
or regular form; wanting symmetry of dimensions; misshapen; -- opposed
to <i>shapely</i>.</def> -- <wf>Shape"less*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>shapeless</i> rock, or hanging
precipice.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shape"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being shapely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shape"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Shapelier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Shapeliest</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Well-formed; having a regular shape; comely;
symmetrical.</def>  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Waste sandy valleys, once perplexed with thorn,<BR>
The spiry fir and <i>shapely</i> box adorn.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where the <i>shapely</i> column stood.</blockquote>
<i>Couper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fit; suitable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shaply</i> for to be an alderman.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shap"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who shapes; as, the <i>shaper</i> of one's
fortunes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The secret of those old <i>shapers</i> died with
them.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which shapes; a machine for giving a
particular form or outline to an object.</def> Specifically;
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Metal Working)</i> <def>A kind of planer in
which the tool, instead of the work, receives a reciprocating motion,
usually from a crank.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Wood Working)</i>
<def>A machine with a vertically revolving cutter projecting above a
flat table top, for cutting irregular outlines, moldings,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sha"poo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The o&ouml;rial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shard</hw> (sh&auml;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A plant;
chard.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shard</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sceard</i>, properly a
p. p. from the root of <i>scearn</i> to shear, to cut; akin to D.
<i>schaard</i> a fragment, G. <i>scharte</i> a notch, Icel.
<i>skar&eth;</i>. See <u>Shear</u>, and cf. <u>Sherd</u>.] [Written
also <i>sheard</i>, and <i>sherd</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piece
or fragment of an earthen vessel, or a like brittle substance, as the
shell of an egg or snail.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The precious dish<BR>
Broke into <i>shards</i> of beauty on the board.</blockquote> <i>E.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The hard wing case of a
beetle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They are his <i>shards</i>, and he their
beetle.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A gap in a fence.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Stanyhurst.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A boundary; a division.</def> [Obs. & R.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shard"-borne`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Borne on
shards or scaly wing cases.</def> "The <i>shard-borne</i> beetle."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shard"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having elytra, as a beetle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shard"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having, or
consisting of, shards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Share</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>schar</i>, AS.
<i>scear</i>; akin to OHG. <i>scaro</i>, G. <i>schar</i>,
pflug<i>shar</i>, and E. <i>shear</i>, v. See <u>Shear</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The part (usually an iron or steel plate) of a
plow which cuts the ground at the bottom of a furrow; a
plowshare.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The part which opens the ground for the
reception of the seed, in a machine for sowing seed.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Share</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>share</i>, AS.
<i>scearu</i>, <i>scaru</i>, fr. <i>sceran</i> to shear, cut. See
<u>Shear</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A certain
quantity; a portion; a part; a division; as, a small <i>share</i> of
prudence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, the part allotted or belonging
to one, of any property or interest owned by a number; a portion among
others; an apportioned lot; an allotment; a dividend.</def> "My
<i>share</i> of fame."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, one of a certain number of equal
portions into which any property or invested capital is divided; as, a
ship owned in ten <i>shares</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The pubes; the sharebone.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To go shares</b></col>, <cd>to partake; to be equally
concerned.</cd> -- <col><b>Share and share alike</b></col>, <cd>in
equal shares.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Share</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sharing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To part among two or more; to
distribute in portions; to divide.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Suppose I <i>share</i> my fortune equally between my
children and a stranger.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1324 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To partake of, use, or experience, with
others; to have a portion of; to take and possess in common; as, to
<i>share</i> a shelter with another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>While avarice and rapine share</i> the
land.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cut; to shear; to cleave; to
divide.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>shared</i> visage hangs on equal
sides.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Share</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To have part; to
receive a portion; to partake, enjoy, or suffer with others.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A right of inheritance gave every one a title to
<i>share</i> in the goods of his father.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Share"beam`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The part of the
plow to which the share is attached.</def></p>

<p><hw>Share"bone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The public bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Share"bro`ker</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A broker who
deals in railway or other shares and securities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Share"hold`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who holds
or owns a share or shares in a joint fund or property.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shar"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who shares; a
participator; a partaker; also, a divider; a distributer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Share"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
composite plant (<i>Aster Tripolium</i>) growing along the seacoast of
Europe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shark</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of uncertain origin;
perhaps through OF. fr. <i>carcharus</i> a kind of dogfish, Gr.
<grk>karchari`as</grk>, so called from its sharp teeth, fr.
<grk>ka`rcharos</grk> having sharp or jagged teeth; or perhaps named
from its rapacity (cf. <u>Shark</u>, <pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos>);
cf. Corn. <i>scarceas</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of elasmobranch fishes of the order
Plagiostomi, found in all seas.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Some sharks, as the basking shark and the whale shark, grow
to an enormous size, the former becoming forty feet or more, and the
latter sixty feet or more, in length. Most of them are harmless to
man, but some are exceedingly voracious. The man-eating sharks mostly
belong to the genera <i>Carcharhinus</i>, <i>Carcharodon</i>, and
related genera. They have several rows of large sharp teeth with
serrated edges, as the great white shark (<i>Carcharodon carcharias,
or Rondeleti</i>) of tropical seas, and the great blue shark
(<i>Carcharhinus glaucus</i>) of all tropical and temperate seas. The
former sometimes becomes thirty-six feet long, and is the most
voracious and dangerous species known. The rare man-eating shark of
the United States coast (<i>Charcarodon Atwoodi</i>) is thought by
some to be a variety, or the young, of <i>C. carcharias</i>. The dusky
shark (<i>Carcharhinus obscurus</i>), and the smaller blue shark
(<i>C. caudatus</i>), both common species on the coast of the United
States, are of moderate size and not dangerous. They feed on shellfish
and bottom fishes.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rapacious, artful person; a
sharper.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Trickery; fraud; petty rapine; as, to live
upon the <i>shark</i>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Baskin shark</b></col>, <col><b>Liver shark</b></col>,
<col><b>Nurse shark</b></col>, <col><b>Oil shark</b></col>,
<col><b>Sand shark</b></col>, <col><b>Tiger shark</b></col>, etc.
<cd>See under <u>Basking</u>, <u>Liver</u>, etc.  See also
<u>Dogfish</u>, <u>Houndfish</u>, <u>Notidanian</u>, and
<u>Tope</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Gray shark</b></col>, <cd>the sand
shark.</cd> -- <col><b>Hammer-headed shark</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Hammerhead</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Port Jackson shark</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Cestraciont</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Shark barrow</b></col>,
<cd>the eggcase of a shark; a sea purse.</cd> -- <col><b>Shark
ray</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Angel fish</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>,
under <u>Angel</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Thrasher</b></col> shark, or
<col><b>Thresher shark</b></col>, <cd>a large, voracious shark. See
<u>Thrasher</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Whale shark</b></col>, <cd>a huge
harmless shark (<i>Rhinodon typicus</i>) of the Indian Ocean. It
becomes sixty feet or more in length, but has very small
teeth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shark</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Of uncertain origin;
perhaps fr. <i>shark</i>, n., or perhaps related to E. <i>shear</i>
(as <i>hearken</i> to <i>hear</i>), and originally meaning, to clip
off.  Cf. <u>Shirk</u>.] <def>To pick or gather indiscriminately or
covertly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shark</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sharked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sharking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To play the petty thief; to
practice fraud or trickery; to swindle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither <i>sharks</i> for a cup or a
reckoning.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Earle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To live by shifts and stratagems.</def>
<i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shark"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who lives by
sharking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shark"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Petty rapine; trick;
also, seeking a livelihood by shifts and dishonest devices.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shar"ock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An East Indian
coin of the value of 12&frac12; pence sterling, or about 25
cents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sharp</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Sharper</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sharpest</u>.] [OE.
<i>sharp</i>, <i>scharp</i>, <i>scarp</i>, AS. <i>scearp</i>; akin to
OS. <i>skarp</i>, LG. <i>scharp</i>, D. <i>scherp</i>, G.
<i>scharf</i>, Dan. & Sw. <i>skarp</i>, Icel. <i>skarpr</i>.  Cf.
<u>Escarp</u>, <u>Scrape</u>, <u>Scorpion</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having a very thin edge or fine point; of a nature to cut or
pierce easily; not blunt or dull; keen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He dies upon my scimeter's <i>sharp</i>
point.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Terminating in a point or edge; not obtuse
or rounded; somewhat pointed or edged; peaked or ridged; as, a
<i>sharp</i> hill; <i>sharp</i> features.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Affecting the sense as if pointed or
cutting, keen, penetrating, acute: to the taste or smell, pungent,
acid, sour, as ammonia has a <i>sharp</i> taste and odor; to the
hearing, piercing, shrill, as a <i>sharp</i> sound or voice; to the
eye, instantaneously brilliant, dazzling, as a <i>sharp</i>
flash.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>High in
pitch; acute; as, a <i>sharp</i> note or tone.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Raised a semitone in pitch; as, C
<i>sharp</i> (C&sharp;), which is a half step, or semitone, higher
than C.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>So high as to be out of tune,
or above true pitch; as, the tone is <i>sharp</i>; that instrument is
<i>sharp</i>. Opposed in all these senses to <i>flat</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Very trying to the feelings; piercing;
keen; severe; painful; distressing; as, <i>sharp</i> pain, weather; a
<i>sharp</i> and frosty air.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sharp</i> misery had worn him to the
bones.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The morning <i>sharp</i> and clear.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>sharpest</i> perils faithful proved.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Cutting in language or import; biting;
sarcastic; cruel; harsh; rigorous; severe; as, a <i>sharp</i>
rebuke.</def> "That <i>sharp</i> look."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To that place the <i>sharp</i> Athenian law<BR>
Can not pursue us.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Be thy words severe,<BR>
<i>Sharp</i> as merits but the sword forbear.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Of keen perception; quick to discern or
distinguish; having nice discrimination; acute; penetrating;
sagacious; clever; as, a <i>sharp</i> eye; <i>sharp</i> sight,
hearing, or judgment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing makes men <i>sharper</i> . . . than
want.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Many other things belong to the material world, wherein
the <i>sharpest</i> philosophers have never ye&?; arrived at clear and
distinct ideas.</blockquote> <i>L. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Eager in pursuit; keen in quest; impatient
for gratification; keen; as, a <i>sharp</i> appetite.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Fierce; ardent; fiery; violent;
impetuous.</def> "In <i>sharp</i> contest of battle."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>sharp</i> assault already is begun.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Keenly or unduly attentive to one's own
interest; close and exact in dealing; shrewd; as, a <i>sharp</i>
dealer; a <i>sharp</i> customer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The necessity of being so <i>sharp</i> and
exacting.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Composed of hard, angular grains; gritty;
as, <i>sharp</i> sand.</def>  <i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>Steep; precipitous; abrupt; as, a
<i>sharp</i> ascent or descent; a <i>sharp</i> turn or
curve.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>(Phonetics)</i> <def>Uttered in a whisper,
or with the breath alone, without voice, as certain consonants, such
as <i>p</i>, <i>k</i>, <i>t</i>, <i>f</i>; surd; nonvocal;
aspirated.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sharp</i> is often used in the formation of self-
explaining compounds; as, <i>sharp</i>-cornered, <i>sharp</i>-edged,
<i>sharp</i>-pointed, <i>sharp</i>-tasted, <i>sharp</i>-visaged,
etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Sharp practice</b></col>, <cd>the getting of an advantage,
or the attempt to do so, by a tricky expedient.</cd> -- <col><b>To
brace sharp</b></col>, or <col><b>To sharp up</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to turn the yards to the most oblique position
possible, that the ship may lie well up to the wind.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Keen; acute; piercing; penetrating; quick;
sagacious; discerning; shrewd; witty; ingenious; sour; acid; tart;
pungent; acrid; severe; poignant; biting; acrimonious; sarcastic;
cutting; bitter; painful; afflictive; violent; harsh; fierce; ardent;
fiery.</p>

<p><hw>Sharp</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To a point or edge; piercingly; eagerly; sharply.</def>  <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The head [of a spear] full <i>sharp</i>
yground.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You bite so <i>sharp</i> at reasons.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Precisely; exactly; as, we shall start at
ten o'clock <i>sharp</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Look sharp</b></col>, <cd>attend; be alert.</cd>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Sharp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
sharp tool or weapon.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If butchers had but the manners to go to <i>sharps</i>,
gentlemen would be contented with a rubber at cuffs.</blockquote>
<i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
character [&sharp;] used to indicate that the note before which it is
placed is to be raised a half step, or semitone, in pitch.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A sharp tone or note.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A portion of a stream where the water runs
very rapidly.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A sewing needle having a very slender
point; a needle of the most pointed of the three grades,
<i>blunts</i>, <i>betweens</i>, and <i>sharps</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Same as <u>Middlings</u>,
1.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An expert.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Sharp</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sharped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sharping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sharpen.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To raise above the proper
pitch; to elevate the tone of; especially, to raise a half step, or
semitone, above the natural tone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sharp</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
play tricks in bargaining; to act the sharper.</def>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To sing above the proper
pitch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sharp-cut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cut sharply or
definitely, or so as to make a clear, well-defined impression, as the
lines of an engraved plate, and the like; clear-cut; hence, having
great distinctness; well-defined; clear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sharp"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sarpened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sharpening</u>.] [See <u>Sharp</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To
make sharp.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To give a
keen edge or fine point to; to make sharper; as, to <i>sharpen</i> an
ax, or the teeth of a saw.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To render
more quick or acute in perception; to make more ready or
ingenious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The air . . . <i>sharpened</i> his visual ray<BR>
To objects distant far.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He that wrestles with us strengthens our nerves and
<i>sharpens</i> our skill.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To make more eager; as, to <i>sharpen</i>
men's desires.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Epicurean cooks<BR>
<i>Sharpen</i> with cloyless sauce his appetite.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To make more pungent and intense; as, to
<i>sharpen</i> a pain or disease.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>To
make biting, sarcastic, or severe.</def> "<i>Sharpen</i> each word."
<i>E. Smith.</i> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>To render more shrill or
piercing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Inclosures not only preserve sound, but increase and
<i>sharpen</i> it.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <def>To make more tart or acid; to make sour;
as, the rays of the sun <i>sharpen</i> vinegar.</def>
<sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To raise, as a sound, by means
of a sharp; to apply a sharp to.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sharp"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow or become
sharp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sharp"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person who
bargains closely, especially, one who cheats in bargains; a swinder;
also, a cheating gamester.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sharpers</i>, as pikes, prey upon their own
kind.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Swindler; cheat; deceiver; trickster; rogue. See
<u>Swindler</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sharp"ie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
long, sharp, flat-bottomed boat, with one or two masts carrying a
triangular sail. They are often called <i>Fair Haven sharpies</i>,
after the place on the coast of Connecticut where they
originated.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sharp"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A stickleback.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sharp"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sharp manner,;
keenly; acutely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They are more <i>sharply</i> to be chastised and
reformed than the rude Irish.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The soldiers were <i>sharply</i> assailed with
wants.</blockquote> <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You contract your eye when you would see
<i>sharply</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sharp"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>scearpness</i>.]
<def>The quality or condition of being sharp; keenness;
acuteness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sharp"saw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The great titmouse; -- so called from its harsh call notes.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sharp"-set`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Eager in
appetite or desire of gratification; affected by keen hunger;
ravenous; as, an eagle or a lion <i>sharp-set</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The town is <i>sharp-set</i> on new plays.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sharp"shoot`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One skilled
in shooting at an object with exactness; a good marksman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sharp"shoot`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shooting with
great precision and effect; hence, a keen contest of wit or
argument.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sharp"-sight`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
quick or acute sight; -- used literally and figuratively.</def> --
<wf>Sharp`-sight`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sharp"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The pintail duck.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The pintail grouse, or prairie chicken.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sharp"-wit`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having an
acute or nicely discerning mind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shash</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sash</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The scarf of a turban.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sash.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>||Shas"ter</hw> (?), <hw>||Shas"tra</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr. <i>c&amacr;stra</i> an order or command, a
sacred book, fr. <i>c&amacr;s</i> to order, instruct, govern.  Cf.
<u>Sastra</u>.] <def>A treatise for authoritative instruction among
the Hindoos; a book of institutes; especially, a treatise explaining
the Vedas.</def> [Written also <i>sastra</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Shath"mont</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
shaftment.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Shat"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shattered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shattering</u>.] [OE. <i>schateren</i>, <i>scateren</i>, to
scatter, to dash, AS. <i>scateran</i>; cf. D. <i>schateren</i> to
crack, to make a great noise, OD. <i>schetteren</i> to scatter, to
burst, to crack.  Cf. <u>Scatter</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
break at once into many pieces; to dash, burst, or part violently into
fragments; to rend into splinters; as, an explosion <i>shatters</i> a
rock or a bomb; too much steam <i>shatters</i> a boiler; an oak is
<i>shattered</i> by lightning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A monarchy was <i>shattered</i> to pieces, and divided
amongst revolted subjects.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To disorder; to derange; to render unsound;
as, to be <i>shattered</i> in intellect; his constitution was
<i>shattered</i>; his hopes were <i>shattered</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man of a loose, volatile, and <i>shattered</i>
humor.</blockquote> <i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To scatter about.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shatter</i> your leaves before the mellowing
year.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shat"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be broken into
fragments; to fall or crumble to pieces by any force
applied.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some fragile bodies break but where the force is; some
<i>shatter</i> and fly in many places.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shat"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fragment of anything
shattered; -- used chiefly or soley in the phrase <i>into
shatters</i>; as, to break a glass into <i>shatters</i>.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Shat"ter-brained`</hw> (?), <hw>Shat"ter-pat`ed</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disordered or wandering in intellect; hence,
heedless; wild.</def>  <i>J. Goodman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shat"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Easily breaking
into pieces; not compact; loose of texture; brittle; as,
<i>shattery</i> spar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shave</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>obs. p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Shave</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His beard was <i>shave</i> as nigh as ever he
can.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shave</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Shaved</u> (?);<pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Shaved</u> or
<u>Shaven</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shaving</u>.] [OE. <i>shaven</i>, <i>schaven</i>, AS.
<i>scafan</i>, <i>sceafan</i>; akin to D. <i>schaven</i>, G.
<i>schaben</i>, Icel. <i>skafa</i>, Sw. <i>skafva</i>, Dan.
<i>skave</i>, Goth. <i>scaban</i>, Russ. <i>kopate</i> to dig, Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;, and probably to L. <i>scabere</i> to scratch, to scrape.
Cf. <u>Scab</u>, <u>Shaft</u>, <u>Shape</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cut or pare off from the surface of a body with a razor or
other edged instrument; to cut off closely, as with a razor; as, to
<i>shave</i> the beard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make bare or smooth by cutting off
closely the surface, or surface covering, of; especially, to remove
the hair from with a razor or other sharp instrument; to take off the
beard or hair of; as, to <i>shave</i> the face or the crown of the
head; he <i>shaved</i> himself.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll <i>shave</i> your crown for this.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The laborer with the bending scythe is seen<BR>
<i>Shaving</i> the surface of the waving green.</blockquote>
<i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cut off thin slices from; to cut in thin
slices.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Plants bruised or <i>shaven</i> in leaf or
root.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To skim along or near the surface of; to
pass close to, or touch lightly, in passing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now <i>shaves</i> with level wing the
deep.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To strip; to plunder; to fleece.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>To shave a note</b></col>, <cd>to buy it at a discount
greater than the legal rate of interest, or to deduct in discounting
it more than the legal rate allows.</cd> [Cant, U.S.]</p>

<p><! p. 1325 !></p>

<p><hw>Shave</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To use a razor for
removing the beard; to cut closely; hence, to be hard and severe in a
bargain; to practice extortion; to cheat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shave</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>scafa</i>, sceafa,
a sort of knife. See <u>Shave</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thin slice; a shaving.</def>
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cutting of the beard; the operation of
shaving.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An exorbitant discount
on a note.</def> [Cant, U.S.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A premium paid
for an extension of the time of delivery or payment, or for the right
to vary a stock contract in any particular.</def> [Cant, U.S.]  <i>N.
Biddle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A hand tool consisting of a sharp blade
with a handle at each end; a drawing knife; a spokeshave.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The act of passing very near to, so as
almost to graze; as, the bullet missed by a close <i>shave</i>.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Shave grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the scouring rush.
See the Note under <u>Equisetum</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Shave
hook</b></col>, <cd>a tool for scraping metals, consisting of a sharp-
edged triangular steel plate attached to a shank and handle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shave"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A man shaved;
hence, a monk, or other religious; -- used in contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am no longer a <i>shaveling</i> than while my frock
is on my back.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shav"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who shaves; one whose occupation is to shave.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who is close in bargains; a
sharper.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who fleeces; a pillager; a
plunderer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By these <i>shavers</i> the Turks were
stripped.</blockquote> <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A boy; a lad; a little fellow.</def>
[Colloq.] "These unlucky little <i>shavers</i>."
  <i>Salmagundi.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As I have mentioned at the door to this young
<i>shaver</i>, I am on a chase in the name of the king.</blockquote>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A tool or machine for
shaving.</def></p>

<p><col><b>A note shaver</b></col>, <cd>a person who buys notes at a
discount greater than the legal rate of interest.</cd> [Cant,
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Shav"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of one who, or that which, shaves; specifically, the act of
cutting off the beard with a razor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is shaved off; a thin slice or
strip pared off with a shave, a knife, a plane, or other cutting
instrument.</def> "<i>Shaving</i> of silver."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Shaving brush</b></col>, <cd>a brush used in lathering the
face preparatory to shaving it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shaw</hw> (sh&add;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>schawe</i>,
<i>scha&yogh;e</i>, thicket, grove, AS. <i>scaga</i>; akin to Dan.
<i>skov</i>, Sw. <i>skog</i>, Icel. <i>sk&omacr;gr</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thicket; a small wood or grove.</def> [Obs.
or Prov. Eng. & Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Gaillard he was as goldfinch in the
<i>shaw</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The green <i>shaws</i>, the merry green
woods.</blockquote> <i>Howitt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The leaves and tops of
vegetables, as of potatoes, turnips, etc.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shaw"fowl`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot. <i>schaw</i>,
<i>shaw</i>, show + <i>fowl</i>.] <def>The representation or image of
a fowl made by fowlers to shoot at.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shawl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per. & Hind.
<i>sh&amacr;l</i>: cf. F. <i>ch&acirc;le</i>.] <def>A square or oblong
cloth of wool, cotton, silk, or other textile or netted fabric, used,
especially by women, as a loose covering for the neck and
shoulders.</def></p>

<p><col><b>India shawl</b></col>, <cd>a kind of rich shawl made in
India from the wool of the Cashmere goat. It is woven in pieces, which
are sewed together.</cd> -- <col><b>Shawl goat</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the Cashmere goat.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shawl</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To wrap in a
shawl.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shawm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shalmie</i>, OF.
<i>chalemie</i>; cf. F. <i>chalumeau</i> shawm, <i>chaume</i> haulm,
stalk; all fr. L. <i>calamus</i> a reed, reed pipe. See <u>Haulm</u>,
and cf. <u>Calumet</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A wind instrument of
music, formerly in use, supposed to have resembled either the clarinet
or the hautboy in form.</def> [Written also <i>shalm</i>,
<i>shaum</i>.]  <i>Otway.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Even from the shrillest <i>shaum</i> unto the
cornamute.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shaw`nees"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Shawnee</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe of
North American Indians who occupied Western New York and part of Ohio,
but were driven away and widely dispersed by the Iroquois.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shay</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A chaise.</def> [Prov.
Eng. & Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>She</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> [<pos><i>sing.
nom.</i></pos> <u>She</u>; <pos><i>poss.</i></pos> <u>Her</u>. (&?;)
or <u>Hers</u> (&?;); <pos><i>obj.</i></pos> <u>Her</u>; <pos><i>pl.
nom.</i></pos> <u>They</u> (?); <pos><i>poss.</i></pos> <u>Their</u>
(?) or <u>Theirs</u> (&?;); <pos><i>obj.</i></pos> <u>Them</u> (?).]
[OE. <i>she</i>, <i>sche</i>, <i>scheo</i>, <i>scho</i>, AS.
<i>se&oacute;</i>, fem. of the definite article, originally a
demonstrative pronoun; cf. OS. <i>siu</i>, D. <i>zij</i>, G.
<i>sie</i>, OHG. <i>siu</i>, <i>s&imacr;</i>, <i>si</i>, Icel.
<i>s&umacr;</i>, <i>sj&amacr;</i>, Goth. <i>si</i> she,
<i>s&omacr;</i>, fem. article, Russ. <i>siia</i>, fem., this, Gr. &?;,
fem. article, Skr. <i>s&amacr;</i>, <i>sy&amacr;</i>. The possessive
<i>her</i> or <i>hers</i>, and the objective <i>her</i>, are from a
different root. See <u>Her</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>This or that
female; the woman understood or referred to; the animal of the female
sex, or object personified as feminine, which was spoken of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>She</i> loved her children best in every
wise.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then Sarah denied, . . . for <i>she</i> was
afraid.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xviii. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A woman; a female; -- used
substantively.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lady, you are the cruelest <i>she</i>
alive.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>She</i> is used in composition with nouns of common
gender, for <i>female</i>, to denote an animal of the female sex; as,
a <i>she</i>-bear; a <i>she</i>-cat.</p>

<p><hw>Shead"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From AS.
<i>sc&amacr;dan</i>, <i>sce&aacute;dan</i>, to separate, divide. See
<u>Shed</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A tithing, or division, in
the Isle of Man, in which there is a coroner, or chief constable. The
island is divided into six sheadings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheaf</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A
sheave.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sheaf</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sheaves</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>sheef</i>, <i>shef</i>,
<i>schef</i>, AS. <i>sce&aacute;f</i>; akin to D. <i>schoof</i>, OHG.
<i>scoub</i>, G. <i>schaub</i>, Icel. <i>skauf</i> a fox's brush, and
E. <i>shove</i>. See <u>Shove</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A quantity
of the stalks and ears of wheat, rye, or other grain, bound together;
a bundle of grain or straw.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The reaper fills his greedy hands,<BR>
And binds the golden <i>sheaves</i> in brittle bands.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any collection of things bound together; a
bundle; specifically, a bundle of arrows sufficient to fill a quiver,
or the allowance of each archer, -- usually twenty-four.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sheaf</i> of arrows shook and rattled in the
case.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheaf</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To gather and bind
into a sheaf; to make into sheaves; as, to <i>sheaf</i>
wheat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheaf</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To collect and
bind cut grain, or the like; to make sheaves.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They that reap must <i>sheaf</i> and bind.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheaf"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
consisting of, a sheaf or sheaves; resembling a sheaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Sheeling</u>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Sheal</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put under a sheal
or shelter.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Sheal</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Shell</u>.] <def>To
take the husks or pods off from; to shell; to empty of its contents,
as a husk or a pod.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That's a <i>shealed</i> peascod.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shell or pod.</def>
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sheal"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The outer husk, pod,
or shell, as of oats, pease, etc.; sheal; shell.</def> [Obs. or Prov.
Eng. & Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Sheal"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Sheeling</u>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Shear</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Sheared</u> (?) or <u>Shore</u> (&?;);<pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Sheared</u> or <u>Shorn</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Shearing</u>.] [OE. <i>sheren</i>, <i>scheren</i>, to
shear, cut, shave, AS. <i>sceran</i>, <i>scieran</i>, <i>scyran</i>;
akin to D. & G. <i>scheren</i>, Icel. <i>skera</i>, Dan.
<i>ski&?;re</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;.  Cf. <u>Jeer</u>, <u>Score</u>,
<u>Shard</u>, <u>Share</u>, <u>Sheer</u> to turn aside.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut, clip, or sever anything from with
shears or a like instrument; as, to <i>shear</i> sheep; to
<i>shear</i> cloth.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is especially applied to the cutting of wool from sheep
or their skins, and the nap from cloth.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To separate or sever with shears or a
similar instrument; to cut off; to clip (something) from a surface;
as, to <i>shear</i> a fleece.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Before the golden tresses . . . were <i>shorn</i>
away.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To reap, as grain.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To deprive of property; to
fleece.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>To produce a change of shape
in by a shear. See <u>Shear</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shear</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sceara</i>. See
<u>Shear</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pair
of shears; -- now always used in the plural, but formerly also in the
singular. See <u>Shears</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On his head came razor none, nor
<i>shear</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Short of the wool, and naked from the
<i>shear</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A shearing; -- used in designating the age
of sheep.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After the second shearing, he is a two-<i>shear</i>
ram; . . . at the expiration of another year, he is a three-
<i>shear</i> ram; the name always taking its date from the time of
shearing.</blockquote> <i>Youatt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>An action, resulting from
applied forces, which tends to cause two contiguous parts of a body to
slide relatively to each other in a direction parallel to their plane
of contact; -- also called <i>shearing stress</i>, and <i>tangential
stress</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A strain, or change of
shape, of an elastic body, consisting of an extension in one
direction, an equal compression in a perpendicular direction, with an
unchanged magnitude in the third direction.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Shear blade</b></col>, <cd>one of the blades of shears or a
shearing machine.</cd> -- <col><b>Shear hulk</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Hulk</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Shear steel</b></col>, <cd>a steel
suitable for shears, scythes, and other cutting instruments, prepared
from fagots of blistered steel by repeated heating, rolling, and
tilting, to increase its malleability and fineness of
texture.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shear</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
deviate. See <u>Sheer</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>To become more or less
completely divided, as a body under the action of forces, by the
sliding of two contiguous parts relatively to each other in a
direction parallel to their plane of contact.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shear"bill`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The black skimmer. See <u>Skimmer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shard</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Shear"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who shears.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a lamb dumb before his
<i>shearer</i>.</blockquote> <i>Acts viii. 32.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A reaper.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shear"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or operation of clipping with shears or a shearing
machine, as the wool from sheep, or the nap from cloth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The product of the act or operation of
clipping with shears or a shearing machine; as, the whole
<i>shearing</i> of a flock; the <i>shearings</i> from cloth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Shearling</u>.</def>
<i>Youatt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act or operation of reaping.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The act or operation of dividing with
shears; as, the <i>shearing</i> of metal plates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The process of preparing shear steel;
tilting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The process of making a
vertical side cutting in working into a face of coal.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Shearing machine</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
machine with blades, or rotary disks, for dividing plates or bars of
metal</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A machine for shearing
cloth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shear"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sheep but once
sheared.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shear"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Shearmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One whose occupation is to
shear cloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shearn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>scearn</i>.  Cf.
<u>Scarn</u>.] <def>Dung; excrement.</def> [Obs.] [Written also
<i>shern</i>.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shears</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Formerly used also
in the singular. See <u>Shear</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cutting instrument.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An instrument consisting of two blades,
commonly with bevel edges, connected by a pivot, and working on both
sides of the material to be cut, -- used for cutting cloth and other
substances.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fate urged the <i>shears</i>, and cut the sylph in
twain.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A similar instrument the blades of which
are extensions of a curved spring, -- used for shearing sheep or
skins.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A shearing machine; a blade, or
a set of blades, working against a resisting edge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything in the form of shears.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A pair of wings.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An apparatus for raising
heavy weights, and especially for stepping and unstepping the lower
masts of ships. It consists of two or more spars or pieces of timber,
fastened together near the top, steadied by a guy or guys, and
furnished with the necessary tackle.</def> [Written also
<i>sheers</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The bedpiece of a machine
tool, upon which a table or slide rest is secured; as, the
<i>shears</i> of a lathe or planer. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Lathe</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rotary shears</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Rotary</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shear"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The common tern.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Any one of several species of humming birds of the genus
<i>Thaumastura</i> having a long forked tail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shear"wa`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Shear</i> +
<i>water</i>; cf. G. <i>wassersherer</i>; -- so called from its
running lightly along the surface of the water.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of long-winged oceanic birds of the
genus <i>Puffinus</i> and related genera. They are allied to the
petrels, but are larger. The Manx shearwater (<i>P. Anglorum</i>), the
dusky shearwater (<i>P. obscurus</i>), and the greater shearwater
(<i>P. major</i>), are well-known species of the North Atlantic. See
<u>Hagdon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheat"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. dial. G.
<i>scheid</i>, <i>schaid</i>, <i>schaiden</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A European siluroid fish (<i>Silurus glanis</i>) allied to the
cat-fishes. It is the largest fresh-water fish of Europe, sometimes
becoming six feet or more in length. See <u>Siluroid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheath</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>schethe</i>, AS.
<i>sc&aemacr;&eth;</i>, <i>sce&aacute;&eth;</i>,
<i>sc&emacr;&eth;</i>; akin to OS. <i>sk&emacr;&eth;ia</i>, D.
<i>scheede</i>, G. <i>scheide</i>, OHG. <i>sceida</i>, Sw.
<i>skida</i>, Dan. <i>skede</i>, Icel. <i>skei&eth;ir</i>, pl., and to
E. <i>shed</i>, v.t., originally meaning, to separate, to part. See
<u>Shed</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A case for the reception of a
sword, hunting knife, or other long and slender instrument; a
scabbard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dead knight's sword out of his <i>sheath</i> he
drew.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any sheathlike covering, organ, or
part.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
base of a leaf when sheathing or investing a stem or branch, as in
grasses.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
elytra of an insect.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Medullary sheath</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Medullary</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Primitive sheath</b></col>.
<i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>See <u>Neurilemma</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheath
knife</b></col>, <cd>a knife with a fixed blade, carried in a
sheath.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheath of Schwann</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Schwann's sheath</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sheath"bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Either one of two species of birds composing the genus
<i>Chionis</i>, and family <i>Chionid&aelig;</i>, native of the
islands of the Antarctic seas.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They are related to the gulls and the plovers, but more
nearly to the latter. The base of the bill is covered with a saddle-
shaped horny sheath, and the toes are only slightly webbed. The
plumage of both species is white.</p>

<p><hw>Sheathe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sheathed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sheating</u>.] [Written also <i>sheath</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To put into a sheath, case, or scabbard; to inclose or cover
with, or as with, a sheath or case.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The leopard . . . keeps the claws of his fore feet
turned up from the ground, and <i>sheathed</i> in the skin of his
toes.</blockquote> <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is in my breast she <i>sheathes</i> her dagger
now.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fit or furnish, as with a sheath.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To case or cover with something which
protects, as thin boards, sheets of metal, and the like; as, to
<i>sheathe</i> a ship with copper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To obtund or blunt, as acrimonious
substances, or sharp particles.</def> [R.]  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To sheathe the sword</b></col>, <cd>to make peace.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sheathed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Povided with, or inclosed in, sheath.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Invested by a sheath, or
cylindrical membranaceous tube, which is the base of the leaf, as the
stalk or culm in grasses; vaginate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheath"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
sheathes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheath"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Sheatfish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheath"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. pr. & a.</i></pos> from
<u>Sheathe</u>. <def>Inclosing with a sheath; as, the <i>sheathing</i>
leaves of grasses; the <i>sheathing</i> stipules of many polygonaceous
plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheath"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
sheathes.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The casing or
covering of a ship's bottom and sides; the materials for such
covering; as, copper <i>sheathing</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The first covering of boards on the outside wall
of a frame house or on a timber roof; also, the material used for
covering; ceiling boards in general.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheath"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
sheath or case for covering; unsheathed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheath"-winged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having elytra, or wing cases, as a
beetle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheath"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Forming or
resembling a sheath or case.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>She"a tree`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An African sapotaceous
tree (<i>Bassia, or Butyrospermum, Parkii</i>), from the seeds of
which a substance resembling butter is obtained; the African butter
tree.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1326 !></p>

<p><hw>Sheave</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to OD.
<i>schijve</i> orb, disk, wheel, D. <i>schiff</i>, G. <i>scheibe</i>,
Icel. <i>sk&imacr;fa</i> a shaving, slice; cf. Gr. &?;&?;&?; a staff.
Cf. <u>Shift</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, <u>Shive</u>.] <def>A wheel
having a groove in the rim for a rope to work in, and set in a block,
mast, or the like; the wheel of a pulley.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sheave hole</b></col>, <cd>a channel cut in a mast, yard,
rail, or other timber, in which to fix a sheave.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sheave</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Sheaf</u> of
straw.] <def>To gather and bind into a sheaf or sheaves; hence, to
collect.</def>  <i>Ashmole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheaved</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of
straw.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheb"an*der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per.
<i>sh&amacr;hbandar</i>.] <def>A harbor master, or ruler of a port, in
the East Indies.</def> [Written also <i>shebunder</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>She*bang"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Shebeen</u>.]
<def>A jocosely depreciative name for a dwelling or shop.</def>
[Slang,U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>She*been"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of Irish origin; cf.
Ir. <i>seapa</i> a shop.] <def>A low public house; especially, a place
where spirits and other excisable liquors are illegally and privately
sold.</def> [Ireland]</p>

<p><hw>She*chi"nah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shekinah</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheck"la*ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Ciclatoun</u>.] <def>A kind of gilt leather. See
<u>Checklaton</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shed</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The same word as
<i>shade</i>. See <u>Shade</u>.] <def>A slight or temporary structure
built to shade or shelter something; a structure usually open in
front; an outbuilding; a hut; as, a wagon <i>shed</i>; a wood
<i>shed</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The first Aletes born in lowly
<i>shed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sheds</i> of reeds which summer's heat
repel.</blockquote> <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shed</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shedding</u>.] [OE. <i>scheden</i>, <i>sch&?;den</i>, to pour, to
part, AS. <i>sc&amacr;dan</i>, <i>sce&aacute;dan</i>, to pert, to
separate; akin to OS. <i>sk&?;&?;an</i>, OFries. sk&?;tha, G.
<i>scheiden</i>, OHG. <i>sceidan</i>, Goth. <i>skaidan</i>, and
probably to Lith. <i>sk&euml;du</i> I part, separate, L.
<i>scindere</i> to cleave, to split, Gr. &?;&?;&?;, Skr. <i>chid</i>,
and perch. also to L. <i>caedere</i> to cut. &radic;159.  Cf.
<u>Chisel</u>, <u>Concise</u>, <u>Schism</u>, <u>Sheading</u>,
<u>Sheath</u>, <u>Shide</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To separate; to
divide.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Robert of Brunne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To part with; to throw off or give forth
from one's self; to emit; to diffuse; to cause to emanate or flow; to
pour forth or out; to spill; as, the sun <i>sheds</i> light; she
<i>shed</i> tears; the clouds <i>shed</i> rain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Did Romeo's hand <i>shed</i> Tybalt's
blood?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Twice seven consenting years have <i>shed</i><BR>
Their utmost bounty on thy head.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To let fall; to throw off, as a natural
covering of hair, feathers, shell; to cast; as, fowls <i>shed</i>
their feathers; serpents <i>shed</i> their skins; trees <i>shed</i>
leaves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cause to flow off without penetrating;
as, a tight roof, or covering of oiled cloth, <i>sheeds</i>
water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To sprinkle; to intersperse; to
cover.</def> [R.] "Her hair . . . is <i>shed</i> with gray."  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>To divide, as the warp
threads, so as to form a shed, or passageway, for the
shuttle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shed</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
fall in drops; to pour.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such a rain down from the welkin
<i>shadde</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To let fall the parts, as seeds or fruit;
to throw off a covering or envelope.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>White oats are apt to <i>shed</i> most as they lie, and
black as they stand.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shed</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
parting; a separation; a division.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They say also that the manner of making the <i>shed</i>
of newwedded wives' hair with the iron head of a javelin came up then
likewise.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. North.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of shedding or spilling; -- used
only in composition, as in blood<i>shed</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which parts, divides, or sheds; --
used in composition, as in water<i>shed</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>The passageway between the
threads of the warp through which the shuttle is thrown, having a
sloping top and bottom made by raising and lowering the alternate
threads.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shed"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, sheds; as, a <i>shedder</i> of blood; a
<i>shedder</i> of tears.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A crab in the act of
casting its shell, or immediately afterwards while still soft; --
applied especially to the edible crabs, which are most prized while in
this state.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shed"ding</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of shedding, separating, or casting off or out; as, the
<i>shedding</i> of blood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is shed, or cast off.</def> [R.]
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sheel"fa</hw> (?), <hw>Shil"fa</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The chaffinch; -- so
named from its call note.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sheel"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>skj&omacr;l</i> a shelter, a cover; akin to Dan. & Sw.
<i>skjul</i>.] <def>A hut or small cottage in an exposed or a retired
place (as on a mountain or at the seaside) such as is used by
shepherds, fishermen, sportsmen, etc.; a summer cottage; also, a
shed.</def> [Written also <i>sheel</i>, <i>shealing</i>,
<i>sheiling</i>, etc.] [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Sheel"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Sheelfa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheen</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sehene</i>, AS.
<i>sci&eacute;ne</i>, <i>sc&?;ne</i>, <i>sc&?;ne</i>, splendid,
beautiful; akin to OFries. <i>sk&?;ne</i>, <i>sk&?;ne</i>, OS.
<i>sc&?;ni</i>, D. <i>schoon</i>, G. <i>sch&ouml;n</i>, OHG.
<i>sc&?;ni</i>, Goth, <i>skanus</i>, and E. <i>shew</i>; the original
meaning being probably, visible, worth seeing. It is not akin to E.
<i>shine</i>. See <u>Shew</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Bright;
glittering; radiant; fair; showy; sheeny.</def> [R., except in
poetry.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This holy maiden, that is so bright and
<i>sheen</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Up rose each warrier bold and brave,<BR>
Glistening in filed steel and armor <i>sheen</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheen</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To shine; to
glisten.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>This town,<BR>
That, <i>sheening</i> far, celestial seems to be.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheen</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Brightness; splendor;
glitter.</def> "Throned in celestial <i>sheen</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheen""ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Brightly.</def>
[R.]  <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheen"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bright; shining;
radiant; sheen.</def> "A <i>sheeny</i> summer morn."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheep</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. sing. & pl.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>shep</i>, <i>scheep</i>, AS. <i>sc&?;p</i>, <i>sce&aacute;p</i>;
akin to OFries. <i>sk&?;p</i>, LG. & D. <i>schaap</i>, G.
<i>schaf</i>, OHG. <i>sc&amacr;f</i>, Skr. <i>ch&amacr;ga</i>.
&radic;295.  Cf. <u>Sheepherd</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of ruminants of
the genus <i>Ovis</i>, native of the higher mountains of both
hemispheres, but most numerous in Asia.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The domestic sheep (<i>Ovis aries</i>) varies much in size,
in the length and texture of its wool, the form and size of its horns,
the length of its tail, etc. It was domesticated in prehistoric ages,
and many distinct breeds have been produced; as the merinos,
celebrated for their fine wool; the Cretan sheep, noted for their long
horns; the fat-tailed, or Turkish, sheep, remarkable for the size and
fatness of the tail, which often has to be supported on trucks; the
Southdowns, in which the horns are lacking; and an Asiatic breed which
always has four horns.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A weak, bashful, silly fellow.</def>
<i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Fig.: The people of God, as
being under the government and protection of Christ, the great
Shepherd.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rocky mountain sheep</b></col>.<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Bighorn</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Maned sheep</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Aoudad</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheep
bot</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the larva of the sheep botfly.
See <u>Estrus</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheep dog</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a shepherd dog, or collie.</cd> --
<col><b>Sheep laurel</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a small North
American shrub (<i>Kalmia angustifolia</i>) with deep rose-colored
flowers in corymbs.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheep pest</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an Australian plant (<i>Ac&aelig;na ovina</i>)
related to the burnet. The fruit is covered with barbed spines, by
which it adheres to the wool of sheep.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheep
run</b></col>, <cd>an extensive tract of country where sheep range and
graze.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheep's beard</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
cichoraceous herb (<i>Urospermum Dalechampii</i>) of Southern Europe;
-- so called from the conspicuous pappus of the achenes.</cd> --
<col><b>Sheep's bit</b></col><cd> <i>(Bot.)</i>, a European herb
(<i>Jasione montana</i>) having much the appearance of scabious.</cd>
-- <col><b>Sheep pox</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a contagious disease
of sheep, characterixed by the development of vesicles or pocks upon
the skin.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheep scabious</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>Same as <u>Sheep's bit</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheep
shears</b></col>, <cd>shears in which the blades form the two ends of
a steel bow, by the elasticity of which they open as often as pressed
together by the hand in cutting; -- so called because used to cut off
the wool of sheep.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheep sorrel</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a prerennial herb (<i>Rumex Acetosella</i>) growing
naturally on poor, dry, gravelly soil. Its leaves have a pleasant acid
taste like sorrel.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheep's-wool</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the highest grade of Florida commercial
sponges (<i>Spongia equina</i>, variety <i>gossypina</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Sheep tick</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a wingless
parasitic insect (<i>Melophagus ovinus</i>) belonging to the Diptera.
It fixes its proboscis in the skin of the sheep and sucks the blood,
leaving a swelling. Called also <i>sheep pest</i>, and <i>sheep
louse</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheep walk</b></col>, <cd>a pasture for
sheep; a sheep run.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild sheep</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Argali</u>, <u>Mouflon</u>, and
<u>O&ouml;rial</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sheep"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>A rounded knoll of rock resembling the back of a sheep. --
produced by glacial action. Called also <i>roche moutonn&eacute;e</i>;
-- usually in the plural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheep"ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The edible fruit of a small North American tree of the genus
<i>Viburnum</i> (<i>V. Lentago</i>), having white flowers in flat
cymes; also, the tree itself. Called also <i>nannyberry</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheep"bite`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To bite or
nibble like a sheep; hence, to practice petty thefts.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheep"bit`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
practices petty thefts.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There are political <i>sheepbiters</i> as well as
pastoral; betrayers of public trusts as well as of
private.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sheep"cot`</hw> (?), <hw>Sheep"cote`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small inclosure for sheep; a pen; a
fold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheep"-faced`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Over-bashful;
sheepish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheep"fold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fold or pen
for sheep; a place where sheep are collected or confined.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheep"-head`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Silly;
simple-minded; stupid.</def>  <i>Taylor (1630)</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheep"hook`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hook fastened
to pole, by which shepherds lay hold on the legs or necks of their
sheep; a shepherd's crook.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheep"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to sheep.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Like a sheep; bashful; over-modest; meanly
or foolishly diffident; timorous to excess.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wanting change of company, he will, when he comes
abroad, be a <i>sheepish</i> or conceited creature.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sheep"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sheep"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sheep"mas`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A keeper or
feeder of sheep; also, an owner of sheep.</def>  <i>2 Kings iii.
4.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheep"rack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The starling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheep's"-eye`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A modest,
diffident look; a loving glance; -- commonly in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I saw her just now give him the languishing eye, as
they call it; . . . of old called the <i>sheep's-eye</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Wycherley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheep's-foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A printer's
tool consisting of a metal bar formed into a hammer head at one end
and a claw at the other, -- used as a lever and hammer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheep"shank`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A hitch by which a rope may be temporarily shortened.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheeps"head`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called
because of the fancied resemblance of its head and front teeth to
those of a sheep.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large and valuable
sparoid food fish (<i>Archosargus, or Diplodus, probatocephalus</i>)
found on the Atlantic coast of the United States. It often weighs from
ten to twelve pounds.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is also locally, in a loose way, applied to various
other fishes, as the butterfish, the fresh-water drumfish, the parrot
fish, the porgy, and the moonfish.</p>

<p><hw>Sheep"-shear`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
shears, or cuts off the wool from, sheep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheep"-shear`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act of shearing sheep.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A feast at the time of sheep-
shearing.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheep"skin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The skin of a sheep; or, leather prepared from it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A diploma; -- so called because usually
written or printed on parchment prepared from the skin of the
sheep.</def> [College Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Sheep"split`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A split of a
sheepskin; one of the thin sections made by splitting a sheepskin with
a cutting knife or machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheep"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling sheep;
sheepish.</def>  <i>Testament of Love.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheer</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shere</i>,
<i>skere</i>, pure, bright, Icel. <i>sk&?;rr</i>; akin to
<i>sk&imacr;rr</i>, AS. <i>sc&imacr;r</i>, OS. <i>sk&imacr;ri</i>,
MHG. <i>sch&imacr;r</i>, G. <i>schier</i>, Dan. <i>sk&?;r</i>, Sw.
<i>sk&auml;r</i>, Goth. <i>skeirs</i> clear, and E. <i>shine</i>.
&radic;157. See <u>Shine</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Bright; clear; pure; unmixed.</def>
"<i>Sheer</i> ale."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou <i>sheer</i>, immaculate, and silver
fountain.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Very thin or transparent; -- applied to
fabrics; as, <i>sheer</i> muslin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Being only what it seems to be; obvious;
simple; mere; downright; as, <i>sheer</i> folly; <i>sheer</i>
nonsense.</def> "A <i>sheer</i> impossibility."  <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is not a <i>sheer</i> advantage to have several
strings to one's bow.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Stright up and down; vertical;
prpendicular.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>sheer</i> precipice of a thousand
feet.</blockquote> <i>J. D. Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It was at least<BR>
Nine roods of <i>sheer</i> ascent.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheer</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Clean; quite; at
once.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheer</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Shear</u>.] <def>To
shear.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheer</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sheered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sheering</u>.] [D. <i>sheren</i> to shear, cut, withdraw, warp. See
<u>Shear</u>.] <def>To decline or deviate from the line of the proper
course; to turn aside; to swerve; as, a ship <i>sheers</i> from her
course; a horse <i>sheers</i> at a bicycle.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To sheer off</b></col>, <cd>to turn or move aside to a
distance; to move away.</cd> -- <col><b>To sheer up</b></col>, <cd>to
approach obliquely.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sheer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The longitudinal upward
curvature of the deck, gunwale, and lines of a vessel, as when viewed
from the side.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The position of a vessel
riding at single anchor and swinging clear of it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A turn or change in a course.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give the canoe a <i>sheer</i> and get nearer to the
shore.</blockquote> <i>Cooper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Shears See
<u>Shear</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sheer batten</b></col> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>, <cd>a long
strip of wood to guide the carpenters in following the sheer
plan.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheer boom</b></col>, <cd>a boom slanting across
a stream to direct floating logs to one side.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheer
hulk</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Shear hulk</i>, under <u>Hulk</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sheer plan</b></col>, or <col><b>Sheer draught</b></col>
<i>(Shipbuilding)</i>, <cd>a projection of the lines of a vessel on a
vertical longitudinal plane passing through the middle line of the
vessel.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheer pole</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>an
iron rod lashed to the shrouds just above the dead-eyes and parallel
to the ratlines.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheer strake</b></col>
<i>(Shipbuilding)</i>, <cd>the strake under the gunwale on the top
side.</cd> <i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>To break sheer</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to deviate from sheer, and risk fouling the
anchor.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sheer"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>At once;
absolutely.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sheer"wa`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The shearwater.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shete</i>,
<i>schete</i>, AS. <i>sc&emacr;te</i>, <i>sc&ymacr;te</i>, fr.
<i>sce&aacute;t</i> a projecting corner, a fold in a garment (akin to
D. <i>schoot</i> sheet, bosom, lap, G. <i>schoss</i> bosom, lap, flap
of a coat, Icel. <i>skaut</i>, Goth. <i>skauts</i> the hem of a
garment); originally, that which shoots out, from the root of AS.
<i>sce&oacute;tan</i> to shoot. &radic;159.  See <u>Shoot</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>In general, a large, broad piece of
anything thin, as paper, cloth, etc.; a broad, thin portion of any
substance; an expanded superficies.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A broad piece of cloth, usually linen or
cotton, used for wrapping the body or for a covering; especially, one
used as an article of bedding next to the body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He fell into a trance, and saw heaven opened, and a
certain vessel descending unto him, as it had been a great
<i>sheet</i> knit at the four corners.</blockquote> <i>Acts x. 10,
11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If I do die before thee, prithee, shroud me<BR>
In one of those same <i>sheets</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A broad piece of paper, whether folded or
unfolded, whether blank or written or printed upon; hence, a letter; a
newspaper, etc.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A single signature of a
book or a pamphlet;</def> in <i>pl.</i>, <def>the book
itself.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To this the following <i>sheets</i> are intended for a
full and distinct answer.</blockquote> <i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A broad, thinly expanded portion of metal
or other substance; as, a <i>sheet</i> of copper, of glass, or the
like; a plate; a leaf.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>A broad expanse
of water, or the like.</def> "The two beautiful <i>sheets</i> of
water." <i>Macaulay.</i> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>A sail.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i> <sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>An extensive
bed of an eruptive rock intruded between, or overlying, other
strata.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [AS. <i>sce&aacute;ta</i>. See the Etymology
above.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A rope or chain which
regulates the angle of adjustment of a sail in relation in relation to
the wind; -- usually attached to the lower corner of a sail, or to a
yard or a boom.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <def>The space in
the forward or the after part of a boat where there are no rowers; as,
fore <i>sheets</i>; stern <i>sheets</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sheet</i> is often used adjectively, or in combination,
to denote that the substance to the name of which it is prefixed is in
the form of sheets, or thin plates or leaves; as, <i>sheet</i> brass,
or <i>sheet</i>-brass; <i>sheet</i> glass, or <i>sheet</i>-glass;
<i>sheet</i> gold, or <i>sheet</i>-gold; sheet iron, or <i>sheet</i>-
iron, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>A sheet in the wind</b></col>, <cd>half drunk.</cd>
[Sailors' Slang] -- <col><b>Both sheets in the wind</b></col>,
<cd>very drunk.</cd> [Sailors' Slang] -- <col><b>In sheets</b></col>,
<cd>lying flat or expanded; not folded, or folded but not bound; --
said especially of printed sheets.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheet
bend</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a bend or hitch used for
temporarily fastening a rope to the bight of another rope or to an
eye.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheet lightning</b></col>, <col><b>Sheet
piling</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under <u>Lightning</u>, <u>Piling</u>,
etc.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Sheet</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sheeted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sheeting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with a sheet or
sheets; to wrap in, or cover with, a sheet, or as with a sheet.</def>
"The <i>sheeted</i> dead." "When snow the pasture <i>sheets</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1327 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To expand, as a sheet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The star shot flew from the welkin blue,<BR>
As it fell from the <i>sheeted</i> sky.</blockquote> <i>J. R.
Drake.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To sheet home</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to haul upon a
sheet until the sail is as flat, and the clew as near the wind, as
possible.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sheet" an"chor</hw> (?). [OE. <i>scheten</i> to shoot, AS.
<i>sce&oacute;tan</i>; cf. OE. <i>shoot anchor</i>. See <u>Shoot</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
large anchor stowed on shores outside the waist of a vessel; -- called
also <i>waist anchor</i>. See the Note under <u>Anchor</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything regarded as a sure support or
dependence in danger; the best hope or refuge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheet" ca"ble</hw> (?). <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The cable belonging
to the sheet anchor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheet" chain"</hw> (?). <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A chain sheet
cable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheet"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sheetfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>Enough to fill a sheet; as
much as a sheet can hold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheet"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Cotton or linen cloth suitable for bed sheets. It is sometimes
made of double width.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Hydraul. Engin.)</i> <def>A lining of planks
or boards (rarely of metal) for protecting an embankment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of forming into sheets,
or flat pieces; also, material made into sheets.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sheik</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>sheikh</i>,
<i>shaykh</i>, a venerable old man, a chief, fr. <i>sh&amacr;kha</i>
to grow or be old.] <def>The head of an Arab family, or of a clan or a
tribe; also, the chief magistrate of an Arab village. The name is also
applied to Mohammedan ecclesiastics of a high grade.</def> [Written
also <i>scheik</i>, <i>shaik</i>, <i>sheikh</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sheil</hw> (sh&emacr;l), <hw>Sheil"ing</hw>, }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Sheeling</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shek"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb. <i>shegel</i>, fr.
<i>sh&amacr;gal</i> to weigh.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An ancient
weight and coin used by the Jews and by other nations of the same
stock.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A common estimate makes the shekel equal in weight to about
130 grains for gold, 224 grains for silver, and 450 grains for copper,
and the approximate values of the coins are (gold) $5.00, (silver) 60
cents, and (copper half shekel), one and one half cents.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A jocose term for
<i>money</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>She*ki"nah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb Talmud
<i>shek&imacr;n&amacr;h</i>, fr. <i>sh&amacr;kan</i> to inhabit.]
<def>The visible majesty of the Divine Presence, especially when
resting or dwelling between the cherubim on the mercy seat, in the
Tabernacle, or in the Temple of Solomon; -- a term used in the Targums
and by the later Jews, and adopted by Christians.</def> [Written also
<i>Shechinah</i>.]  <i>Dr. W. Smith (Bib. Dict.)</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheld</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE., fr. <i>sheld</i> a
shield, probably in allusion to the ornamentation of shields. See
<u>Shield</u>.] <def>Variegated; spotted; speckled; piebald.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sheld"a*fle</hw> (?), <hw>Sheld"a*ple</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps for <i>sheld dapple</i>.  Cf.
<u>Sheldrake</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A chaffinch.</def>
[Written also <i>sheldapple</i>, and <i>shellapple</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sheld"fowl`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The common sheldrake.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shel"drake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sheld</i> +
<i>drake</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
several species of large Old World ducks of the genus <i>Tadorna</i>
and allied genera, especially the European and Asiatic species. (<i>T.
cornuta, or tadorna</i>), which somewhat resembles a goose in form and
habit, but breeds in burrows.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It has the head and neck greenish black, the breast, sides,
and forward part of the back brown, the shoulders and middle of belly
black, the speculum green, and the bill and frontal bright red.
Called also <i>shelduck</i>, <i>shellduck</i>, <i>sheldfowl</i>,
<i>skeelduck</i>, <i>bergander</i>, <i>burrow duck</i>, and <i>links
goose</i>.</p>

<p>&fist; The Australian sheldrake (<i>Tadorna radja</i>) has the
head, neck, breast, flanks, and wing coverts white, the upper part of
the back and a band on the breast deep chestnut, and the back and tail
black. The chestnut sheldrake of Australia (<i>Casarca
tadornoides</i>) is varied with black and chestnut, and has a dark
green head and neck. The ruddy sheldrake, or Braminy duck (<i>C.
rutila</i>), and the white-winged sheldrake (<i>C. leucoptera</i>),
are related Asiatic species.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any one of the American
mergansers.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is also loosely applied to other ducks, as the
canvasback, and the shoveler.</p>

<p><hw>Shel"duck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sheld</i>
variegated + <i>duck</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
sheldrake.</def> [Written also <i>shellduck</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Shelf</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Shelves</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>shelfe</i>, <i>schelfe</i>, AS.
<i>scylfe</i>; akin to G. <i>schelfe</i>, Icel. <i>skj&amacr;lf</i>.
In senses 2 & 3, perhaps a different word (cf. <u>Shelve</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A
flat tablet or ledge of any material set horizontally at a distance
from the floor, to hold objects of use or ornament.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sand bank in the sea, or a rock, or ledge
of rocks, rendering the water shallow, and dangerous to
ships.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On the tawny sands and <i>shelves</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On the secret <i>shelves</i> with fury
cast.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A stratum lying in a very
even manner; a flat, projecting layer of rock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A piece of timber running
the whole length of a vessel inside the timberheads.</def>  <i>D.
Kemp.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To lay on the shelf</b></col>, <cd>to lay aside as
unnecessary or useless; to dismiss; to discard.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shelf"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Abounding in shelves; full of dangerous shallows.</def> "A
<i>shelfy</i> coast."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Full of strata of rock.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The tillable fields are in some places . . . so
<i>shelfy</i> that the corn hath much ado to fasten its
root.</blockquote> <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shell</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shelle</i>,
<i>schelle</i>, AS. <i>scell</i>, <i>scyll</i>; akin to D.
<i>shel</i>, Icel. <i>skel</i>, Goth. <i>skalja</i> a tile, and E.
<i>skill</i>.  Cf. <u>Scale</u> of fishes, <u>Shale</u>,
<u>Skill</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hard outside covering, as of
a fruit or an animal.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
covering, or outside part, of a nut; as, a hazelnut
<i>shell</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A pod.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The hard covering of an egg.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Think him as a serpent's egg, . . .<BR>
And kill him in the <i>shell</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The hard calcareous or
chitinous external covering of mollusks, crustaceans, and some other
invertebrates. In some mollusks, as the cuttlefishes, it is internal,
or concealed by the mantle. Also, the hard covering of some
vertebrates, as the armadillo, the tortoise, and the like.</def>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Hence, by extension, any
mollusks having such a covering.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A hollow projectile, of
various shapes, adapted for a mortar or a cannon, and containing an
explosive substance, ignited with a fuse or by percussion, by means of
which the projectile is burst and its fragments scattered. See
<u>Bomb</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The case which holds the powder, or charge
of powder and shot, used with breechloading small arms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any slight hollow structure; a framework,
or exterior structure, regarded as not complete or filled in; as, the
<i>shell</i> of a house.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A coarse kind of coffin; also, a thin
interior coffin inclosed in a more substantial one.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An instrument of music, as a lyre, -- the
first lyre having been made, it is said, by drawing strings over a
tortoise shell.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When Jubal struck the chorded
<i>shell</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>An engraved copper roller used in print
works.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The husks of cacao seeds, a
decoction of which is often used as a substitute for chocolate, cocoa,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The outer frame or case of a
block within which the sheaves revolve.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A light boat the frame of which is covered
with thin wood or with paper; as, a racing <i>shell</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Message shell</b></col>, <cd>a bombshell inside of which
papers may be put, in order to convey messages.</cd> -- <col><b>Shell
bit</b></col>, <cd>a tool shaped like a gouge, used with a brace in
boring wood. See <u>Bit</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</cd> --
<col><b>Shell button</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A button made
of shell</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A hollow button made of two
pieces, as of metal, one for the front and the other for the back, --
often covered with cloth, silk, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Shell
cameo</b></col>, <cd>a cameo cut in shell instead of stone.</cd> --
<col><b>Shell flower</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Turtlehead</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Shell gland</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A glandular organ in which
the rudimentary shell is formed in embryonic mollusks</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A glandular organ which secretes the eggshells
of various worms, crustacea, mollusks, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Shell
gun</b></col>, <cd>a cannon suitable for throwing shells.</cd> --
<col><b>Shell ibis</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the openbill of
India.</cd> -- <col><b>Shell jacket</b></col>, <cd>an undress military
jacket.</cd> -- <col><b>Shell lime</b></col>, <cd>lime made by burning
the shells of shellfish.</cd> -- <col><b>Shell marl</b></col>
<i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a kind of marl characterized by an abundance of
shells, or fragments of shells.</cd> -- <col><b>Shell meat</b></col>,
<cd>food consisting of shellfish, or testaceous mollusks.</cd>
<i>Fuller.</i> -- <col><b>Shell mound</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Mound</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Shell of a boiler</b></col>, <cd>the
exterior of a steam boiler, forming a case to contain the water and
steam, often inclosing also flues and the furnace; the barrel of a
cylindrical, or locomotive, boiler.</cd> -- <col><b>Shell
road</b></col>, <cd>a road of which the surface or bed is made of
shells, as oyster shells.</cd> -- <col><b>Shell sand</b></col>,
<cd>minute fragments of shells constituting a considerable part of the
seabeach in some places.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shell</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shelled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shelling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strip or break off the
shell of; to take out of the shell, pod, etc.; as, to <i>shell</i>
nuts or pease; to <i>shell</i> oysters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To separate the kernels of (an ear of
Indian corn, wheat, oats, etc.) from the cob, ear, or husk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To throw shells or bombs upon or into; to
bombard; as, to <i>shell</i> a town.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To shell out</b></col>, <cd>to distribute freely; to bring
out or pay, as money.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Shell</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
fall off, as a shell, crust, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cast the shell, or exterior covering; to
fall out of the pod or husk; as, nuts <i>shell</i> in
falling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be disengaged from the ear or husk; as,
wheat or rye <i>shells</i> in reaping.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Shell"-lac`</hw>, <hw>Shel"lac`</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Shell</i> + <i>lac</i> a resinous substance;
cf. D. <i>shellak</i>, G. <i>schellack</i>.] <def>See the Note under
2d <u>Lac</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shell"ap`ple</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Sheldafle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shell"bark`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
species of hickory (<i>Carya alba</i>) whose outer bark is loose and
peeling; a shagbark; also, its nut.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shelled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having a shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shell"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, shells; as, an oyster <i>sheller</i>; a corn
<i>sheller</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shell"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any aquatic animal whose external covering consists of a shell,
either testaceous, as in oysters, clams, and other mollusks, or
crustaceous, as in lobsters and crabs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shell"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Groats; hulled
oats.</def>  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shell"-less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
shell.</def>  <i>J. Burroughs.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shell"proof`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
resisting bombs or other shells; bombproof.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shell"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Work composed
of shells, or adorned with them.</def>  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shell"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding with
shells; consisting of shells, or of a shell.</def> "The <i>shelly</i>
shore."  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Shrinks backward in his <i>shelly</i>
cave.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shel"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OE.
<i>scheltrun</i>, <i>shiltroun</i>, <i>schelltrome</i>,
<i>scheldtrome</i>, a guard, squadron, AS. <i>scildtruma</i> a troop
of men with shields; <i>scild</i> shield + <i>truma</i> a band of men.
See <u>Shield</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
which covers or defends from injury or annoyance; a protection; a
screen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sick and weak the healing plant shall aid,<BR>
From storms a <i>shelter</i>, and from heat a shade.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who protects; a guardian; a
defender.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou [God] hast been a <i>shelter</i> for
me.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxi. 3.  </i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of being covered and protected;
protection; security.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who into <i>shelter</i> takes their tender
bloom.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Shelter tent</b></col>,<cd>a small tent made of pieces of
cotton duck arranged to button together. In field service the soldiers
carry the pieces.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Asylum; refuge; retreat; covert; sanctuary;
protection; defense; security.</p>

<p><hw>Shel"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sheltered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sheltering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be a shelter for; to
provide with a shelter; to cover from injury or annoyance; to shield;
to protect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those ruins <i>sheltered</i> once his sacred
head.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You have no convents . . . in which such persons may be
received and <i>sheltered</i>.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To screen or cover from notice; to
disguise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In vain I strove to cheek my growing flame,<BR>
Or <i>shelter</i> passion under friendship's name.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To betake to cover, or to a safe place; --
used reflexively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>sheltered</i> themselves under a
rock.</blockquote> <i>Abp. Abbot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shel"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take
shelter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There oft the Indian herdsman, shunning heat,<BR>
<i>Shelters</i> in cool.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shel"ter*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
shelter or protection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now sad and <i>shelterless</i> perhaps she
lies.</blockquote> <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shel"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affording
shelter.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Shel"tie</hw> (?), <hw>Shel"ty</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Shetland pony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shelve</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To furnish with shelves; as, to <i>shelve</i> a closet or a
library.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To place on a shelf. Hence: To lay on the
shelf; to put aside; to dismiss from service; to put off indefinitely;
as, to <i>shelve</i> an officer; to <i>shelve</i> a claim.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shelve</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shelved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shelving</u>.] [Perhapss originally from the same source as
<i>shallow</i>, but influenced by <i>shelf</i> a ledge, a platform.]
<def>To incline gradually; to be slopping; as, the bottom
<i>shelves</i> from the shore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shelv"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sloping gradually;
inclining; as, a <i>shelving</i> shore.</def> <i>Shak.</i>
"<i>Shelving</i> arches."  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shelv"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of fitting up shelves; as, the job of <i>shelving</i> a
closet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of laying on a shelf, or on the
shelf; putting off or aside; as, the <i>shelving</i> of a
claim.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Material for shelves; shelves,
collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shelv"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sloping gradually;
shelving.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The shore was <i>shelving</i> and shallow.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shem"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A descendant of
Shem.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Shem*it"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Shem"i*tish</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to <i>Shem</i>, the son of
Noah, or his descendants. See <u>Semitic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shem"i*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Semitism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shend</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shent</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shending</u>.] [AS. <i>scendan</i> to disgrace, bring to shame,
from <i>sceand</i>, <i>sceond</i>, disgrace, dishonor, shame; akin to
G. <i>schande</i>, Goth. <i>skanda</i>. See <u>Shame</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To injure, mar, spoil,
or harm.</def> [Obs.] "Loss of time <i>shendeth</i> us."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I fear my body will be <i>shent</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To blame, reproach, or revile; to degrade,
disgrace, or put to shame.</def> [Archaic]  <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The famous name of knighthood foully
<i>shend</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She passed the rest as Cynthia doth <i>shend</i><BR>
The lesser stars.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shend"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destructive;
ruinous; disgraceful.</def> [Obs.] -- <wf>Shend"ful*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]  <i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shend"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Harm; ruin; also,
reproach; disgrace.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shent</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>obs. 3d pers. sing.
pres.</i></pos> of <u>Shend</u>, for <i>shendeth</i>.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shent</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shend.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>She"ol</hw> (sh&emacr;"&omacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>sh&ebreve;&omacr;l</i>.] <def>The place of departed spirits; Hades;
also, the grave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For thou wilt not leave my soul to
<i>sheol</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xvi. 10. (Rev. Ver.)</i></p>

<p><hw>Shep"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stable; a
shippen.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>shepne</i> brenning with the blacke
smoke.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shep"herd</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>schepherde</i>, <i>schephirde</i>, AS. <i>sce&aacute;phyrde</i>;
<i>sce&aacute;p</i> sheep + <i>hyrde</i>, <i>hirde</i>, <i>heorde</i>,
a herd, a guardian.  See <u>Sheep</u>, and <u>Herd</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A man employed in tending, feeding, and
guarding sheep, esp. a flock grazing at large.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The pastor of a church; one with the
religious guidance of others.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Shepherd bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
crested screamer. See <u>Screamer</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Shepherd
dog</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a breed of dogs used largely
for the herding and care of sheep. There are several kinds, as the
collie, or Scotch shepherd dog, and the English shepherd dog. Called
also <i>shepherd's dog</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Shepherd dog</b></col>,
<cd>a name of Pan.</cd> <i>Keats.</i> -- <col><b>Shepherd
kings</b></col>, <cd>the chiefs of a nomadic people who invaded Egypt
from the East in the traditional period, and conquered it, at least in
part. They were expelled after about five hundred years, and attempts
have been made to connect their expulsion with narrative in the book
of Exodus.</cd> -- <col><b>Shepherd's club</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>the common mullein. See <u>Mullein</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Shepherd's
crook</b></col>, <cd>a long staff having the end curved so as to form
a large hook, -- used by shepherds.</cd> -- <col><b>Shepherd's
needle</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the lady's comb.</cd> --
<col><b>Shepherd's plaid</b></col>, <cd>a kind of woolen cloth of a
checkered black and white pattern.</cd> -- <col><b>Shephered
spider</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a daddy longlegs, or
harvestman.</cd> -- <col><b>Shepherd's pouch</b></col>, or
<col><b>Shepherd's purse</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an annual
cruciferous plant (<i>Capsella Bursapastoris</i>) bearing small white
flowers and pouchlike pods. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Silicle</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Shepherd's rod</b></col>, or <col><b>Shepherd's
staff</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the small teasel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shep"herd</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shepherded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shepherding</u>.] <def>To tend as a shepherd; to guard, herd, lead,
or drive, as a shepherd.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>White, fleecy clouds . . . </blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shepherded</i> by the slow, unwilling
wind.</blockquote>
 <i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shep"herd*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who tends
sheep; hence, a rural lass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She put herself into the garb of a
<i>shepherdess</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shep*her"di*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Shepherdias</b></plw> (#). [NL. So called from John
<i>Shepherd</i>, an English botanist.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
shrubs having silvery scurfy leaves, and belonging to the same family
as El&aelig;agnus; also, any plant of this genus. See <i>Buffalo
berry</i>, under <u>Buffalo</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1328 !></p>

<p><hw>Shep"herd*ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a
shepherd; suiting a shepherd; pastoral.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shep"herd*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Pastoral life
or occupation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shep"herd*ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
shepherd.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shep"herd*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling, or
becoming to, a shepherd; pastoral; rustic.</def> [R.]  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shep"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
seamstress.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Caxton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sher"bet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>sherbet</i>,
<i>shorbet</i>, <i>sharbat</i>, properly, one drink or sip, a draught,
beverage, from <i>shariba</i> to drink.  Cf. <u>Sorbet</u>,
<u>Sirup</u>, <u>Shrub</u> a drink.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
refreshing drink, common in the East, made of the juice of some fruit,
diluted, sweetened, and flavored in various ways; as, orange
<i>sherbet</i>; lemon <i>sherbet</i>; raspberry <i>sherbet</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A flavored water ice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A preparation of bicarbonate of soda,
tartaric acid, sugar, etc., variously flavored, for making an
effervescing drink; -- called also <i>sherbet powder</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sherd</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fragment; -- now
used only in composition, as in pot<i>sherd</i>. See
<u>Shard</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The thigh . . . which all in <i>sherds</i> it
drove.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Sher"eef</hw> (?), <hw>||Sher"if</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>sher&imacr;f</i> noble, holy, n., a
prince.] <def>A member of an Arab princely family descended from
Mohammed through his son-in-law Ali and daughter Fatima. The Grand
Shereef is the governor of Mecca.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sher"i*at</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk.
<i>sher&imacr; 'at</i>] <def>The sacred law of the Turkish
empire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sher"iff</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shereve</i>, AS.
<i>sc&imacr;r-ger&?;fa</i>; <i>sc&imacr;r</i> a shire +
<i>ger&?;fa</i> a reeve. See Shire, and <u>Reeve</u>, and cf.
<u>Shrievalty</u>.] <def>The chief officer of a shire or county, to
whom is intrusted the execution of the laws, the serving of judicial
writs and processes, and the preservation of the peace.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In England, sheriffs are appointed by the king. In the
United States, sheriffs are elected by the legislature or by the
citizens, or appointed and commissioned by the executive of the State.
The office of sheriff in England is judicial and ministerial. In the
United States, it is mainly ministerial. The sheriff, by himself or
his deputies, executes civil and criminal process throughout the
county, has charge of the jail and prisoners, attends courts, and
keeps the peace. His judicial authority is generally confined to
ascertaining damages on writs of inquiry and the like. <i>Sheriff</i>,
in Scotland, called <i>sheriff depute</i>, is properly a judge, having
also certain ministerial powers. <i>Sheriff clerk</i> is the clerk of
the Sheriff's Court in Scotland. <i>Sheriff's Court in London</i> is a
tribunal having cognizance of certain personal actions in that city.
<i>Wharton, Tomlins. Erskine.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sher"iff*al*ty</hw> (?), <hw>Sher"iff*dom</hw> (?),
<hw>Sher"iff*ry</hw> (?), <hw>Sher"iff*ship</hw> (?),
<hw>Sher"iff*wick</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> } <def>The office or
jurisdiction of sheriff. See <u>Shrievalty</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shearn</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sher"ris</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sherry.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sher"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from
<i>Xeres</i>, a Spanish town near Cadiz, <i>x</i> in Spanish having
been formerly pronounced like <i>sh</i> in English.] <def>A Spanish
light-colored dry wine, made in Andalusia. As prepared for commerce it
is colored a straw color or a deep amber by mixing with it cheap wine
boiled down.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sherry cobbler</b></col>, <cd>a beverage prepared with
sherry wine, water, lemon or orange, sugar, ice, etc., and usually
imbided through a straw or a glass tube.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sher"ry*val`lies</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Cf. Sp.
<i>zaraquelles</i> wide breeches or overalls.] <def>Trousers or
overalls of thick cloth or leather, buttoned on the outside of each
leg, and generally worn to protect other trousers when riding on
horseback.</def> [Local, U.S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shet</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Shet</u>. (Obs. <u>Shette</u> (&?; or
&?;)); <pos><i>p. pr.</i></pos> <u>Shet</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Shetting</u>.] <def>To shut.</def> [Obs. or Prov.
Eng.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shete</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos> <def>To
shoot.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The part of a plow
which projects downward beneath the beam, for holding the share and
other working parts; -- also called <i>standard</i>, or
<i>post</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shet"land po"ny</hw> (?). <def>One of a small, hardy breed of
horses, with long mane and tail, which originated in the Shetland
Islands; a sheltie.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shew</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Show</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shew</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Show.</def> [Obs. except
in shewbread.]</p>

<p><hw>Shew"bread`</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Showbread</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shew"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A scarecrow.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shew"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who shews. See
<u>Shower</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shewn</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Shew</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shi"ah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Shiite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shib"bo*leth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>shibb&omacr;leth</i> an ear of corn, or a stream, a flood.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A word which was made the criterion by which
to distinguish the Ephraimites from the Gileadites. The Ephraimites,
not being able to pronounce <i>sh</i>, called the word
<i>sibboleth</i>. See <i>Judges xii.</i></def></p>

<p><blockquote>Without reprieve, adjudged to death,<BR>
For want of well pronouncing <i>shibboleth</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><def>Also in an extended sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>th</i>, with its twofold value, is . . . the
<i>shibboleth</i> of foreigners.</blockquote> <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, the criterion, test, or watchword of
a party; a party cry or pet phrase.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shide</i>,
<i>schide</i>, AS. <i>sc&imacr;de</i>; akin to OHG. <i>sc&imacr;t</i>,
G. <i>scheit</i>, Icel. <i>sk&imacr;&eth;</i>, and E. <i>shed</i>,
v.t.] <def>A thin board; a billet of wood; a splinter.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shie</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Shy</u>, to
throw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shied</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Shy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shiel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sheeling.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shield</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sheld</i>,
<i>scheld</i>, AS. <i>scield</i>, <i>scild</i>, <i>sceld</i>,
<i>scyld</i>; akin to OS. <i>scild</i>, OFries. <i>skeld</i>, D. & G.
<i>schild</i>, OHG. <i>scilt</i>, Icel. <i>skj&ouml;ldr</i>, Sw.
<i>sk&ouml;ld</i>, Dan. <i>skiold</i>, Goth. <i>skildus</i>; of
uncertain origin.  Cf. <u>Sheldrake</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
broad piece of defensive armor, carried on the arm, -- formerly in
general use in war, for the protection of the body. See
<u>Buckler</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now put your <i>shields</i> before your hearts and
fight,<BR>
With hearts more proof than <i>shields</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything which protects or defends;
defense; shelter; protection.</def> "My council is my <i>shield</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively, one who protects or
defends.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fear not, Abram; I am thy <i>shield</i>, and thy
exceeding great reward.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xv. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>In lichens, a Hardened cup or
disk surrounded by a rim and containing the fructification, or
asci.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>The escutcheon or field on
which are placed the bearings in coats of arms.  Cf. <u>Lozenge</u>.
See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Escutcheon</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mining & Tunneling)</i> <def>A framework
used to protect workmen in making an adit under ground, and capable of
being pushed along as excavation progresses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A spot resembling, or having the form of, a
shield.</def> "Bespotted as with <i>shields</i> of red and black."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A coin, the old French crown, or
&eacute;cu, having on one side the figure of a shield.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Shield fern</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any fern of the
genus <i>Aspidium</i>, in which the fructifications are covered with
shield-shaped indusia; -- called also <i>wood fern</i>. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Indusium</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shield</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shielded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shielding</u>.] [AS. <i>scidan</i>, <i>scyldan</i>. <i>See</i>
<u>Shield</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover
with, or as with, a shield; to cover from danger; to defend; to
protect from assault or injury.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shouts of applause ran ringing through the field,<BR>
To see the son the vanquished father <i>shield</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A woman's shape doth <i>shield</i> thee.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To ward off; to keep off or out.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They brought with them their usual weeds, fit to
<i>shield</i> the cold to which they had been inured.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To avert, as a misfortune; hence, as a
supplicatory exclamation, forbid!</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>God <i>shield</i> that it should so
befall.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God <i>shield</i> I should disturb
devotion!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shield"-bear`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, carries a
shield.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any small moth of the
genus <i>Aspidisca</i>, whose larva makes a shieldlike covering for
itself out of bits of leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shield"drake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sheldrake.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shield"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of a
shield, or of protection.</def> -- <wf>Shield"less*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Shield"less*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Shield"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of small burrowing snakes of the family
<i>Uropeltid&aelig;</i>, native of Ceylon and Southern Asia. They have
a small mouth which can not be dilated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shiel"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hut or shelter
for shepherds of fishers. See <u>Sheeling</u>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Shift</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shifted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shifting</u>.] [OE. <i>shiften</i>, <i>schiften</i>, to divide,
change, remove. AS. <i>sciftan</i> to divide; akin to LG. & D.
<i>schiften</i> to divide, distinguish, part Icel. <i>skipta</i> to
divide, to part, to shift, to change, Dan <i>skifte</i>, Sw.
<i>skifta</i>, and probably to Icel. <i>sk&imacr;fa</i> to cut into
slices, as n., a slice, and to E. <i>shive</i>, <i>sheave</i>, n.,
<i>shiver</i>, n.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To divide; to distribute;
to apportion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To which God of his bounty would <i>shift</i><BR>
Crowns two of flowers well smelling.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To change the place of; to move or remove
from one place to another; as, to <i>shift</i> a burden from one
shoulder to another; to <i>shift</i> the blame.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hastily he <i>schifte</i> him[self].</blockquote>
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Pare saffron between the two St. Mary's days,<BR>
Or set or go <i>shift</i> it that knowest the ways.</blockquote>
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To change the position of; to alter the
bearings of; to turn; as, to <i>shift</i> the helm or sails.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Carrying the oar loose, [they] <i>shift</i> it hither
and thither at pleasure.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To exchange for another of the same class;
to remove and to put some similar thing in its place; to change; as,
to <i>shift</i> the clothes; to <i>shift</i> the scenes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would advise you to <i>shift</i> a
shirt.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To change the clothing of; -- used
reflexively.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As it were to ride day and night; and . . . not to have
patience to <i>shift</i> me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To put off or out of the way by some
expedient.</def> "I <i>shifted</i> him away."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To shift off</b></col>, <cd>to delay; to defer; to put off;
to lay aside.</cd> -- <col><b>To shift the scene</b></col>, <cd>to
change the locality or the surroundings, as in a play or a
story.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shift the scene</i> for half an hour;<BR>
Time and place are in thy power.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shift</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
divide; to distribute.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Some this, some that, as that him liketh
<i>shift</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a change or changes; to change
position; to move; to veer; to substitute one thing for another; --
used in the various senses of the transitive verb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sixth age <i>shifts</i><BR>
Into the lean and slippered pantaloon.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Here the Baillie <i>shifted</i> and fidgeted about in
his seat.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To resort to expedients for accomplishing a
purpose; to contrive; to manage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men in distress will look to themselves, and leave
their companions to <i>shift</i> as well as they can.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To practice indirect or evasive
methods.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All those schoolmen, though they were exceeding witty,
yet better teach all their followers to <i>shift</i>, than to resolve
by their distinctions.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To slip to one side of a
ship, so as to destroy the equilibrum; -- said of ballast or cargo;
as, the cargo <i>shifted</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shift</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel <i>skipti</i>.
See <u>Shift</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of shifting.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The act
of putting one thing in the place of another, or of changing the place
of a thing; change; substitution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My going to Oxford was not merely for <i>shift</i> of
air.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> A turning from one thing to another; hence, an
expedient tried in difficulty; often, an evasion; a trick; a fraud.
"Reduced to pitiable <i>shifts</i>."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I 'll find a thousand <i>shifts</i> to get
away.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Little souls on little <i>shifts</i> rely.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something frequently shifted; especially, a
woman's under-garment; a chemise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The change of one set of workmen for
another; hence, a spell, or turn, of work; also, a set of workmen who
work in turn with other sets; as, a night <i>shift</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In building, the extent, or arrangement, of
the overlapping of plank, brick, stones, etc., that are placed in
courses so as to break joints.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A breaking off and
dislocation of a seam; a fault.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A change of the position of
the hand on the finger board, in playing the violin.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To make shift</b></col>, <cd>to contrive or manage in an
exigency.</cd>  "I shall <i>make shift</i> to go without him."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] <i>made a shift</i> to keep their own in
Ireland.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Shift"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Admitting of
being shifted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shift"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, shifts; one who plays tricks or practices
artifice; a cozener.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T was such a <i>shifter</i> that, if truth were
known,<BR>
Death was half glad when he had got him down.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An assistant to the ship's
cook in washing, steeping, and shifting the salt provisions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
arrangement for shifting a belt sidewise from one pulley to
another.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Knitting Mach.)</i> <def>A wire
for changing a loop from one needle to another, as in narrowing,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shift"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being shifty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Diplomatic <i>shiftiness</i> and political
versatility.</blockquote> <i>J. A. Syminds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shift"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Changing in place, position, or direction; varying; variable;
fickle; as, <i>shifting</i> winds; <i>shifting</i> opinions or
principles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Adapted or used for shifting
anything.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Shifting backstays</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>temporary
stays that have to be let go whenever the vessel tacks or jibes.</cd>
-- <col><b>Shifting ballast</b></col>, <cd>ballast which may be moved
from one side of a vessel to another as safety requires.</cd> --
<col><b>Shifting center</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Metacenter</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Shifting locomotive</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Switching
engine</i>, under <u>Switch</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shift"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a shifting
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shift"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
expedients, or not using successful expedients; characterized by
failure, especially by failure to provide for one's own support,
through negligence or incapacity; hence, lazy; improvident;
thriftless; as, a <i>shiftless</i> fellow; <i>shiftless</i>
management.</def> -- <wf>Shift"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Shift"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Shift"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of, or ready
with, shifts; fertile in expedients or contrivance.</def>
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shifty</i> and thrifty as old Greek or modern Scot,
there were few things he could not invent, and perhaps nothing he
could not endure.</blockquote> <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Shi"ite</hw> (?), <hw>Shi"ah</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Ar. <i>sh&imacr;'a&imacr;</i>a follower of the sect of Ali, fr.
<i>sh&imacr;'at</i>, <i>sh&imacr;'ah</i>, a multitude following one
another in pursuit of the same object, the sect of Ali, fr.
<i>sh&amacr;'a</i> to follow.] <def>A member of that branch of the
Mohammedans to which the Persians belong. They reject the first three
caliphs, and consider Ali as being the first and only rightful
successor of Mohammed. They do not acknowledge the Sunna, or body of
traditions respecting Mohammed, as any part of the law, and on these
accounts are treated as heretics by the Sunnites, or orthodox
Mohammedans.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Shi*ka"ree</hw>, <hw>||Shi*ka"ri</hw>  } (?)
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hind</i>.] <def>A sportsman; esp., a native
hunter.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>Shilf</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. G. <i>shilf</i>
sedge.] <def>Straw.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Shill</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shell.</def>
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shill</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Sheal</u>.] <def>To
put under cover; to sheal.</def> [Prov.ng.]  <i>Brockett.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Shil*la"lah</hw>, <hw>Shil*le"lah</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An oaken sapling or cudgel; any cudgel; --
so called from <i>Shillelagh</i>, a place in Ireland of that name
famous for its oaks.</def> [Irish] [Written also <i>shillaly</i>, and
<i>shillely</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Shil"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shilling</i>,
<i>schilling</i>, AS. <i>scilling</i>; akin to D. <i>schelling</i>,
OS. & OHG. <i>scilling</i>, G. <i>schilling</i>, Sw. & Dan.
<i>skilling</i>, Icel. <i>skillingr</i>, Goth. <i>skilliggs</i>, and
perh. to OHG. <i>scellan</i> to sound, G. <i>schallen</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A silver coin, and money of account, of Great
Britain and its dependencies, equal to twelve pence, or the twentieth
part of a pound, equivalent to about twenty-four cents of the United
States currency.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In the United States, a denomination of
money, differing in value in different States. It is not now legally
recognized.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Many of the States while colonies had issued bills of credit
which had depreciated in different degrees in the different colonies.
Thus, in New England currency (used also in Virginia, Kentucky,
Tennessee, Indiana, Illinois, Missouri, Mississippi, Alabama, and
Florida), after the adoption of the decimal system, the pound in paper
money was worth only $3.333, and the shilling 16&?; cts., or 6s. to
$1; in New York currency (also in North Carolina, Ohio, and Michigan),
the pound was worth $2.50, and the shilling 12&frac12; cts., or 8s. to
$1; in Pennsylvania currency (also in New Jersey, Delaware, and
Maryland), the pound was worth $2.70, and the shilling 13&frac12;
cts., or 7s. 6d. to $1; and in Georgia currency (also in South
Carolina), the pound was worth $4.29&?;, and the shilling 21&?; cts.,
or 4s  8d. to $1. In many parts of the country . . . the reckoning by
shillings and pence is not yet entirely abandoned.  <i>Am.
Cyc.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1329 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The Spanish real, of the value of one eight
of a dollar, or 12&?; cets; -- formerly so called in New York and some
other States. See Note under 2.</def></p>

<p><col><b>York shilling</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Shilling</u>,
3.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Shill"-I-shall`-I</hw> (?), <hw>Shil"ly-shal`ly</hw>, }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [A reduplication of <i>shall I</i>.] <def>In an
irresolute, undecided, or hesitating manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am somewhat dainty in making a resolution, because
when I make it, I keep it; I don't stand <i>shill-I-shall-I</i> then;
if I say 't, I'll do 't.</blockquote> <i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shil"ly-shal`ly</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To hesitate;
to act in an irresolute manner; hence, to occupy one's self with
trifles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shil"ly-shal`ly</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Irresolution;
hesitation; also, occupation with trifles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>She lost not one of her forty-five minutes in
picking and choosing</i>, -- <i>no shilly-shally</i> in
Kate.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shi"loh</hw> (sh&imacr;\'b6l&omacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Heb. <i>sh&imacr;l&omacr;h</i>, literally, quiet, rest, fr.
<i>sh&amacr;l&amacr;h</i> to rest.] <i>(Script.)</i> <def>A word used
by Jacob on his deathbed, and interpreted variously, as "the Messiah,"
or as the city "Shiloh," or as "Rest."</def></p>

<p><hw>Shi"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shyly</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shim</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
kind of shallow plow used in tillage to break the ground, and clear it
of weeds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A thin piece of metal placed
between two parts to make a fit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shim"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shimmered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shimmering</u>.] [OE. <i>schimeren</i>, AS. <i>scimerian</i>; akin
to <i>sc&imacr;mian</i>, <i>sc&imacr;man</i>, to glitter, D.
<i>schemeren</i>, G. <i>schimmern</i>, Dan. <i>skimre</i>, Sw.
<i>skimra</i>, AS. <i>sc&imacr;ma</i> a light, brightness, Icel.
<i>sk&imacr;ma</i>, Goth. <i>skeima</i> a torch, a lantern, and E.
<i>shine</i>. &radic;157. See <u>Shine</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<def>To shine with a tremulous or intermittent light; to shine
faintly; to gleam; to glisten; to glimmer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>shimmering</i> glimpses of a
stream.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shim"mer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A faint, tremulous
light; a gleaming; a glimmer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>TWo silver lamps, fed with perfumed oil, diffused . . .
a trembling twilight-seeming <i>shimmer</i> through the quiet
apartment.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shim"mer*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gleam or
glimmering.</def> "A little <i>shimmering</i> of a light."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shim"my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A chemise.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Shin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shine</i>,
<i>schine</i>, AS. scina; akin to D. <i>scheen</i>, OHG. <i>scina</i>,
G. <i>schiene</i>, <i>schien</i>bein, Dan. <i>skinne</i>been, Sw.
<i>sken</i>ben.  Cf. <u>Chine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The front
part of the leg below the knee; the front edge of the shin bone; the
lower part of the leg; the shank.</def> "On his <i>shin</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Railbroad)</i> <def>A fish plate for
rails.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Shin bone</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the tibia.</cd> --
<col><b>Shin leaf</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a perennial ericaceous
herb (<i>Pyrola elliptica</i>) with a cluster of radical leaves and a
raceme of greenish white flowers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shin</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shinned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shinning</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To climb a mast, tree, rope,
or the like, by embracing it alternately with the arms and legs,
without help of steps, spurs, or the like; -- used with <i>up</i>; as,
to <i>shin</i> up a mast.</def> [Slang]
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To run about borrowing money hastily and
temporarily, as for the payment of one's notes at the bank.</def>
[Slang, U.S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shin</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To climb (a pole, etc.)
by shinning up.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Shin"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 2d
<u>Shingle</u>.] <def>A shingle; also, a slate for roofing.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shin"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover or roof
with shindles.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Shin"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Shindies</b></plw> (#). [Etymol. uncertain; cf.
<u>Shinney</u>, <u>Shinty</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An uproar or
disturbance; a spree; a row; a riot.</def> [Slang]
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hockey; shinney.</def>
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A fancy or liking.</def> [Local, U. S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shine</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shone</u> (&?; or &?;; 277) (archaic <u>Shined</u>
(&?;)); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Shining</u>.] [OE.
<i>shinen</i>, <i>schinen</i>, AS. <i>sc&imacr;nan</i>; akin to D.
<i>schijnen</i>, OFries. <i>sk&imacr;na</i>, OS. & OHG.
<i>sc&imacr;nan</i>, G. <i>scheinen</i>, Icel. <i>sk&imacr;na</i>, Sw.
<i>skina</i>, Dan. <i>skinne</i>, Goth. <i>skeinan</i>, and perh. to
Gr. &?;&?;&?; shadow. &radic;157.  Cf. <u>Sheer</u> pure, and
<u>Shimmer</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To emit rays of light; to
give light; to beam with steady radiance; to exhibit brightness or
splendor; as, the sun <i>shines</i> by day; the moon <i>shines</i> by
night.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hyperion's quickening fire doth
<i>shine</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God, who commanded the light to <i>shine</i> out of
darkness, hath <i>shined</i> in our hearts, to give the light of the
knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus
Cghrist.</blockquote> <i>2 Cor. iv. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let thine eyes <i>shine</i> forth in their full
luster.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be bright by reflection of light; to
gleam; to be glossy; as, to <i>shine</i> like polished
silver.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be effulgent in splendor or
beauty.</def> "So proud she <i>shined</i> in her princely state."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Once brightest <i>shined</i> this child of heat and
air.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be eminent, conspicuous, or
distinguished; to exhibit brilliant intellectual powers; as, to
<i>shine</i> in courts; to <i>shine</i> in conversation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Few are qualified to <i>shine</i> in company; but it in
most men's power to be agreeable.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To make</b></col>, or <col><b>cause</b></col>, <col><b>the
face to shine upon</b></col>, <cd>to be propitious to; to be gracious
to.</cd>  <i>Num. vi. 25.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shine</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to shine, as a light.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He [God] doth not rain wealth, nor <i>shine</i> honor
and virtues, upon men equally.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make bright; to cause to shine by
reflected light; as, in hunting, to <i>shine</i> the eyes of a deer at
night by throwing a light on them.</def> [U. S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shine</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quality or state of shining; brightness; luster, gloss; polish;
sheen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now sits not girt with taper's holy
<i>shine</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fair opening to some court's propitious
<i>shine</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The distant <i>shine</i> of the celestial
city.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sunshine; fair weather.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be it fair or foul, or rain or
<i>shine</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A liking for a person; a fancy.</def>
[Slang, U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Caper; antic; row.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>To cut up shines</b></col>, <cd>to play pranks.</cd>
[Slang, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Shine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sc&imacr;n</i>.
See <u>Shine</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>Shining; sheen.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shin"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
shines.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A luminary.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A bright piece of money.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><blockquote>Has she the <i>shiners</i>, d' ye think?</blockquote>
<i>Foote.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of small freshwater American cyprinoid fishes, belonging to
<i>Notropis</i>, or <i>Minnilus</i>, and allied genera; as the redfin
(<i>Notropis megalops</i>), and the golden <i>shiner</i>
(<i>Notemigonus chrysoleucus</i>) of the Eastern United States; also
loosely applied to various other silvery fishes, as the dollar fish,
or horsefish, menhaden, moonfish, sailor's choice, and the
sparada.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common
Lepisma, or furniture bug.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Blunt-nosed shiner</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
silver moonfish.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shi"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shyness</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shin"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. from Norw.
<i>singl</i>, <i>singling</i>, coarse gravel, small round stones.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Round, water-worn, and loose gravel and pebbles,
or a collection of roundish stones, such as are common on the seashore
and elsewhere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shin"gle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shingle</i>,
<i>shindle</i>, fr. L. <i>scindula</i>, <i>scandula</i>; cf.
<i>scindere</i> to cleave, to split, E. <i>shed</i>, v.t., Gr.
&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;, shingle, &?;&?;&?; to slit.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A piece of wood sawed or rived thin and small, with one end
thinner than the other, -- used in covering buildings, especially
roofs, the thick ends of one row overlapping the thin ends of the row
below.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I reached St. Asaph, . . . where there is a very poor
cathedral church covered with <i>shingles</i> or tiles.</blockquote>
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sign for an office or a shop; as, to hang
out one's <i>shingle</i>.</def> [Jocose, U. S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Shingle oak</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of oak
(<i>Quercus imbricaria</i>) used in the Western States for making
shingles.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shin"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &. p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shingled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shingling</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover with shingles;
as, to <i>shingle</i> a roof.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>shingle</i> their houses with it.</blockquote>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cut, as hair, so that the ends are
evenly exposed all over the head, as shingles on a roof.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shin"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To subject to the
process of shindling, as a mass of iron from the pudding
furnace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shin"gler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who shingles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A machine for shingling puddled
iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shin"gles</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>cengle</i> a
girth, F. <i>sangle</i>, fr. L. <i>cingulum</i> a girdle, fr.
<i>cingere</i> to gird.  Cf. <u>Cincture</u>, <u>Cingle</u>,
<u>Surcingle</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A kind of herpes (<i>Herpes
zoster</i>) which spreads half way around the body like a girdle, and
is usually attended with violent neuralgic pain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shin"gling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of covering with shingles; shingles, collectively; a
covering made of shingles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metal)</i> <def>The process of expelling
scori&aelig; and other impurities by hammering and squeezing, in the
production of wrought iron.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Shingling hammer</b></col>, <cd>a ponderous hammer moved by
machinery, used in shingling puddled iron.</cd> -- <col><b>Shingling
mill</b></col>, <cd>a mill or forge where puddled iron is
shingled.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shin"gly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding with
shingle, or gravel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shin"hop`ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
hobblebush.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shin"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Emitting light, esp. in a continuous manner; radiant; as,
<i>shining</i> lamps; also, bright by the reflection of light; as,
<i>shining</i> armor.</def> "Fish . . . with their fins and
<i>shining</i> scales."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Splendid; illustrious; brilliant;
distinguished; conspicious; as, a <i>shining</i> example of
charity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having the surface smooth and polished; --
said of leaves, the surfaces of shells, etc.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Glistening; bright; radiant; resplendent; effulgent;
lustrous; brilliant; glittering; splendid; illustrious.  --
<u>Shining</u>, <u>Brilliant</u>, <u>Sparking</u>. <i>Shining</i>
describes the steady emission of a strong light, or the steady
reflection of light from a clear or polished surface. <i>Brilliant</i>
denotes a shining of great brightness, but with gleams or flashes.
<i>Sparkling</i> implies a fitful, intense shining from radiant points
or sparks, by which the eye is dazzled. The same distinctions obtain
when these epithets are figuratively applied. A man of <i>shining</i>
talents is made conspicious by possessing them; if they flash upon the
mind with a peculiarly striking effect, we call them <i>brilliant</i>;
if his brilliancy is marked by great vivacity and occasional
intensity, he is <i>sparkling</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>True paradise . . . inclosed with <i>shining</i>
rock.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some in a <i>brilliant</i> buckle bind her waist,<BR>
Some round her neck a circling light display.</blockquote>
<i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>sparkling</i> blade about his head he
blest.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shin"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Emission or reflection
of light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shin"ing*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Brightness.</def>
<i>J. Spence.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shin"ney</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. <u>Shindy</u>.]
<def>The game of hockey; -- so called because of the liability of the
players to receive blows on the shin.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p>
</p>

<p><hw>Shin"plas`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Formerly, a
jocose term for a bank note greatly depreciated in value; also, for
paper money of a denomination less than a dollar.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Shin"to</hw> (?), <hw>Shin"ti*ism</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chin. <i>shin</i> god + <i>tao</i> way,
doctrine.] <def>One of the two great systems of religious belief in
Japan. Its essence is ancestor worship, and sacrifice to dead
heroes.</def> [Written also <i>Sintu</i>, and <i>Sintuism</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Shin"to*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An adherent of
Shintoism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shin"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Gael.
<i>sinteag</i> a skip, a bound.] <def>A Scotch game resembling hockey;
also, the club used in the game.</def>  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shin"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Shinier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Shiniest</u>.] <def>Bright; luminous;
clear; unclouded.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like distant thunder on a <i>shiny</i>
day.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>-ship</hw> (?). [OE. <i>-schipe</i>, AS. <i>-scipe</i>; akin to
OFries. <i>-skipe</i>, OLG. <i>-skepi</i>, D. <i>-schap</i>, OHG. <i>-
scaf</i>, G. <i>-schaft</i>.  Cf. <u>Shape</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
and <u>Landscape</u>.] <def>A suffix denoting <i>state</i>,
<i>office</i>, <i>dignity</i>, <i>profession</i>, or <i>art</i>; as in
lord<i>ship</i>, friend<i>ship</i>, chancellor<i>ship</i>,
steward<i>ship</i>, horseman<i>ship</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>scipe</i>.]
<def>Pay; reward.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In withholding or abridging of the <i>ship</i> or the
hire or the wages of servants.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ship</i>, <i>schip</i>,
AS. <i>scip</i>; akin to OFries. <i>skip</i>, OS. <i>scip</i>, D.
<i>schip</i>, G. <i>schiff</i>, OHG. <i>scif</i>, Dan. <i>skib</i>,
Sw. <i>skeep</i>, Icel. & Goth. <i>skip</i>; of unknown origin.  Cf.
<u>Equip</u>, <u>Skiff</u>, <u>Skipper</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Any large seagoing vessel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a stately <i>ship</i> . . . <BR>
With all her bravery on, and tackle trim,<BR>
Sails filled, and streamers waving.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou, too, sail on, O <i>Ship</i> of
State!</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, a vessel furnished with a
bowsprit and three masts (a mainmast, a foremast, and a mizzenmast),
each of which is composed of a lower mast, a topmast, and a topgallant
mast, and square-rigged on all masts. See <i>Illustation</i> in
Appendix.</def></p>

<p><i>l</i> Port or Larboard Side; <i>s</i> Starboard Side; 1
Roundhouse or Deck House; 2 Tiller; 3 Grating; 4 Wheel; 5 Wheel
Chains; 6 Binnacle; 7 Mizzenmast; 8 Skylight; 9 Capstan; 10 Mainmast;
11 Pumps; 12 Galley or Caboose; 13 Main Hatchway; 14 Windlass; 15
Foremast; 16 Fore Hatchway; 17 Bitts; 18 Bowsprit; 19 Head Rail; 20
Boomkins; 21 Catheads on Port Bow and Starboard Bow; 22 Fore Chains;
23 Main Chains; 24 Mizzen Chains; 25 Stern.</p>

<p>1 Fore Royal Stay; 2 Flying Jib Stay; 3 Fore Topgallant Stay;4 Jib
Stay; 5 Fore Topmast Stays; 6 Fore Tacks; 8 Flying Martingale; 9
Martingale Stay, shackled to Dolphin Striker; 10 Jib Guys; 11 Jumper
Guys; 12 Back Ropes; 13 Robstays; 14 Flying Jib Boom; 15 Flying Jib
Footropes; 16 Jib Boom; 17 Jib Foottropes; 18 Bowsprit; 19 Fore Truck;
20 Fore Royal Mast; 21 Fore Royal Lift; 22 Fore Royal Yard; 23 Fore
Royal Backstays; 24 Fore Royal Braces; 25 Fore Topgallant Mast and
Rigging; 26 Fore Topgallant Lift; 27 Fore Topgallant Yard; 28 Fore
Topgallant Backstays; 29 Fore Topgallant Braces; 30 Fore Topmast and
Rigging; 31 Fore Topsail Lift; 32 Fore Topsail Yard; 33 Fore Topsail
Footropes; 34 Fore Topsail Braces; 35 Fore Yard; 36 Fore Brace; 37
Fore Lift; 38 Fore Gaff; 39 Fore Trysail Vangs; 40 Fore Topmast
Studding-sail Boom; 41 Foremast and Rigging; 42 Fore Topmast
Backstays; 43 Fore Sheets; 44 Main Truck and Pennant; 45 Main Royal
Mast and Backstay; 46 Main Royal Stay; 47 Main Royal Lift; 48 Main
Royal Yard; 49 Main Royal Braces; 50 Main Topgallant Mast and Rigging;
51 Main Topgallant Lift; 52 Main Topgallant Backstays; 53 Main
Topgallant Yard; 54 Main Topgallant Stay; 55 Main Topgallant Braces;
56 Main Topmast and Rigging; 57 Topsail Lift; 58 Topsail Yard; 59
Topsail Footropes; 60 Topsail Braces; 61 Topmast Stays; 62 Main
Topgallant Studding-sail Boom; 63 Main Topmast Backstay; 64 Main Yard;
65 Main Footropes; 66 Mainmast and Rigging; 67 Main Lift; 68 Main
Braces; 69 Main Tacks; 70 Main Sheets; 71 Main Trysail Gaff; 72 Main
Trysail Vangs; 73 Main Stays; 74 Mizzen Truck; 75 Mizzen Royal Mast
and Rigging; 76 Mizzen Royal Stay; 77 Mizzen Royal Lift; 78 Mizzen
Royal Yard; 79 Mizzen Royal Braces; 80 Mizzen Topgallant Mast and
Rigging; 81 Mizzen Topgallant Lift; 82 Mizzen Topgallant Backstays; 83
Mizzen Topgallant Braces; 84 Mizzen Topgallant Yard; 85 Mizzen
Topgallant Stay; 86 Mizzen Topmast and Rigging; 87 Mizzen Topmast
Stay; 88 Mizzen Topsail Lift; 89 Mizzen Topmast Backstays; 90 Mizzen
Topsail Braces; 91 Mizzen Topsail Yard; 92 Mizzen Topsail Footropes;
93 Crossjack Yard; 94 Crossjack Footropes; 95 Crossjack Lift; 96
Crossjack Braces; 97 Mizzenmast and Rigging; 98 Mizzen Stay; 99
Spanker Gaff; 100 Peak Halyards; 101 Spanker Vangs; 102 Spanker Boom;
103 Spanker Boom Topping Lift; 104 Jacob's Ladder, or Stern Ladder;
105 Spanker Sheet; 106 Cutwater; 107 Starboard Bow; 108 Starboard
Beam; 109 Water Line; 110 Starboard Quarter; 111 Rudder.</p>

<p><! p. 1330 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A dish or utensil (originally fashioned
like the hull of a ship) used to hold incense.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Armed ship</b></col>, <cd>a private ship taken into the
service of the government in time of war, and armed and equipped like
a ship of war.</cd> [Eng.] <i>Brande & C.</i> -- <col><b>General
ship</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>General</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ship
biscuit</b></col>, <cd>hard biscuit prepared for use on shipboard; --
called also <i>ship bread</i>. See <u>Hardtack</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Ship boy</b></col>, <cd>a boy who serves in a ship.</cd>
"Seal up the <i>ship boy's</i> eyes." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Ship
breaker</b></col>, <cd>one who breaks up vessels when unfit for
further use.</cd> -- <col><b>Ship broker</b></col>, <cd>a mercantile
agent employed in buying and selling ships, procuring cargoes, etc.,
and generally in transacting the business of a ship or ships when in
port.</cd> -- <col><b>Ship canal</b></col>, <cd>a canal suitable for
the passage of seagoing vessels.</cd> -- <col><b>Ship
carpenter</b></col>, <cd>a carpenter who works at shipbuilding; a
shipwright.</cd> -- <col><b>Ship chandler</b></col>, <cd>one who deals
in cordage, canvas, and other, furniture of vessels.</cd> --
<col><b>Ship chandlery</b></col>, <cd>the commodities in which a ship
chandler deals; also, the business of a ship chandler.</cd> --
<col><b>Ship fever</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a form of typhus
fever; -- called also <i>putrid, jail, or hospital fever</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Ship joiner</b></col>, <cd>a joiner who works upon ships.</cd>
-- <col><b>Ship letter</b></col>, <cd>a letter conveyed by a ship not
a mail packet.</cd> -- <col><b>Ship money</b></col> <i>(Eng.
Hist.)</i>, <cd>an imposition formerly charged on the ports, towns,
cities, boroughs, and counties, of England, for providing and
furnishing certain ships for the king's service. The attempt made by
Charles I. to revive and enforce this tax was resisted by John
Hampden, and was one of the causes which led to the death of Charles.
It was finally abolished.</cd> -- <col><b>Ship of the line</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Line</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ship pendulum</b></col>,
<cd>a pendulum hung amidships to show the extent of the rolling and
pitching of a vessel.</cd> -- <col><b>Ship railway</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An inclined railway with a cradelike car, by
means of which a ship may be drawn out of water, as for repairs</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A railway arranged for the transportation of
vessels overland between two water courses or harbors.</cd> --
<col><b>Ship's company</b></col>, <cd>the crew of a ship or other
vessel.</cd> -- <col><b>Ship's days</b></col>, <cd>the days allowed a
vessel for loading or unloading.</cd> -- <col><b>Ship's
husband</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Husband</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Ship's papers</b></col> <i>(Mar. Law)</i>, <cd>papers with
which a vessel is required by law to be provided, and the production
of which may be required on certain occasions.  Among these papers are
the register, passport or sea letter, charter party, bills of lading,
invoice, log book, muster roll, bill of health, etc.</cd>
<i>Bouvier.</i> <i>Kent.</i> -- <col><b>To make ship</b></col>, <cd>to
embark in a ship or other vessel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shipped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shipping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put on board of a ship,
or vessel of any kind, for transportation; to send by water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The timber was . . . <i>shipped</i> in the bay of
Attalia, from whence it was by sea transported to
Pelusium.</blockquote> <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>By extension, in commercial usage, to
commit to any conveyance for transportation to a distance; as, to
<i>ship</i> freight by railroad.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to send away; to get rid of.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To engage or secure for service on board of
a ship; as, to <i>ship</i> seamen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To receive on board ship; as, to
<i>ship</i> a sea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To put in its place; as, to <i>ship</i> the
tiller or rudder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
engage to serve on board of a vessel; as, to <i>ship</i> on a man-of-
war.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To embark on a ship.</def>  <i>Wyclif (Acts
xxviii. 11)</i></p>

<p><hw>Ship"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ship</i> +
<i>board.</i> See <u>Board</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 8] <def>A ship's
side; hence, by extension, a ship; -- found chiefly in adverbial
phrases; as, on <i>shipboard</i>; a <i>shipboard</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship"build`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person
whose occupation is to construct ships and other vessels; a naval
architect; a shipwright.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship"build`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Naval
architecturel the art of constructing ships and other
vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Shipfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>As much or as many as a ship
will hold; enough to fill a ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship"hold`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
shipowner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
ships.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ship"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
ship.</def> [R.]  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ship"load`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The load, or
cargo, of a ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Shipmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A seaman, or sailor.</def> [Obs.
or Poetic]  <i>Chaucer. R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>About midnight the <i>shipmen</i> deemed that they drew
near to some country.</blockquote> <i>Acts xxvii. 27.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Shipman's card</b></col>, <cd>the mariner's compass.</cd>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ship"mas`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The captain,
master, or commander of a ship.</def>  <i>Jonah i. 6.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ship"mate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who serves
on board of the same ship with another; a fellow sailor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of shipping; as, he was engaged in the
<i>shipment</i> of coal for London; an active <i>shipment</i> of wheat
from the West.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is shipped.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The question is, whether the share of M. in the
<i>shipment</i> is exempted from condemnation by reason of his neutral
domicle.</blockquote> <i>Story.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ship"own`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Owner of a ship
or ships.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship"pen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>scypen</i>.
Cf. <u>Shop</u>, <u>Shepen</u>.] <def>A stable; a cowhouse.</def>
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ship"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Ship</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Skipper</u>.] <def>One who sends
goods from one place to another not in the same city or town, esp. one
who sends goods by water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship"ping</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Relating to ships, their ownership, transfer, or employment; as,
<i>shiping</i> concerns.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relating to, or concerned in, the
forwarding of goods; as, a <i>shipping</i> clerk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship"ping</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who, or of that which, ships; as, the
<i>shipping</i> of flour to Liverpool.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The collective body of ships in one place,
or belonging to one port, country, etc.; vessels, generally;
tonnage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Navigation.</def> "God send 'em good
<i>shipping</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Shipping articles</b></col>, <cd>articles of agreement
between the captain of a vessel and the seamen on board, in respect to
the amount of wages, length of time for which they are shipping,
etc.</cd> <i>Bouvier.</i> -- <col><b>To take shipping</b></col>,
<cd>to embark; to take ship.</cd> [Obs.] <i>John vi. 24.</i>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ship"pon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cowhouse; a
shippen.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Bessy would either do fieldwork, or attend to the cows,
the <i>shippon</i>, or churn, or make cheese.</blockquote>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ship"-rigged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Rigged like a ship, that is, having three masts, each with square
sails.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship"shape`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Arranged in a
manner befitting a ship; hence, trim; tidy; orderly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Even then she expressed her scorn for the lubbery
executioner's mode of tying a knot, and did it herself in a
<i>shipshape</i> orthodox manner.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Keep everything <i>shipshape</i>, for I must
go</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ship"shape`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
shipshape or seamanlike manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any long, slender, worm-shaped bivalve mollusk of <i>Teredo</i>
and allied genera. The shipworms burrow in wood, and are destructive
to wooden ships, piles of wharves, etc. See <u>Teredo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship"wreck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The breaking in pieces, or shattering, of a ship or other vessel
by being cast ashore or driven against rocks, shoals, etc., by the
violence of the winds and waves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A ship wrecked or destroyed upon the water,
or the parts of such a ship; wreckage.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Destruction; ruin; irretrievable
loss.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Holding faith and a good conscience, which some having
put away concerning faith have made <i>shipwreck</i>.</blockquote>
<i>1 Tim. 1. 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It was upon an Indian bill that the late ministry
<i>had made shipwreck</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. Morley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ship"wreck`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shipwrecked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shipwrecking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To destroy, as a ship at
sea, by running ashore or on rocks or sandbanks, or by the force of
wind and waves in a tempest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shipwrecking</i> storms and direful thunders
break.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to experience shipwreck, as
sailors or passengers. Hence, to cause to suffer some disaster or
loss; to destroy or ruin, as if by shipwreck; to wreck; as, to
<i>shipwreck</i> a business.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ship"wright`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose
occupation is to construct ships; a builder of ships or other
vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship"yard`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A yard, place,
or inclosure where ships are built or repaired.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shi*raz"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of Persian
wine; -- so called from the place whence it is brought.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shire</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sc&imacr;re</i>,
<i>sc&imacr;r</i>, a division, province, county.  Cf. <u>Sheriff</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A portion of Great Britain originally under
the supervision of an earl; a territorial division, usually identical
with a county, but sometimes limited to a smaller district; as,
Wilt<i>shire</i>, York<i>shire</i>, Richmond<i>shire</i>,
Hallam<i>shire</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An indefinite number of these hundreds make up a county
or <i>shire</i>.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A division of a State, embracing several
contiguous townships; a county.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Shire</i> is commonly added to the specific designation
of a county as a part of its name; as, York<i>shire</i> instead of
York <i>shire</i>, or the <i>shire</i> of York; Berk<i>shire</i>
instead of Berks <i>shire</i>. Such expressions as <i>the county of
Yorkshire</i>, which in a strict sense are tautological, are used in
England. In the United States the composite word is sometimes the only
name of a county; as, <i>Berkshire county</i>, as it is called in
Massachusetts, instead of <i>Berks county</i>, as in Pensylvania.</p>

<p><blockquote>The Tyne, Tees, Humber, Wash, Yare, Stour, and Thames
separate the counties of Northumberland, Durham, York<i>shire</i>,
Lincoln<i>shire</i>, etc.</blockquote> <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Knight of the shire</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Knight</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Shire clerk</b></col>, <cd>an officer
of a county court; also, an under sheriff.</cd> [Eng.] --
<col><b>Shire mote</b></col> <i>(Old. Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>the county
court; sheriff's turn, or court.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Cowell.</i>
<i>Blackstone.</i> -- <col><b>Shire reeve</b></col> <i>(Old Eng.
Law)</i>, <cd>the reeve, or bailiff, of a shire; a sheriff.</cd>
<i>Burrill.</i> -- <col><b>Shire town</b></col>, <cd>the capital town
of a county; a county town.</cd> -- <col><b>Shire wick</b></col>,
<cd>a county; a shire.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shirk</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shirked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shirking</u>.] [Probably the same word as <i>shark</i>. See
<u>Shark</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
procure by petty fraud and trickery; to obtain by mean
solicitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You that never heard the call of any vocation, . . .
that <i>shirk</i> living from others, but time from
Yourselves.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Rainbow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To avoid; to escape; to neglect; --
implying unfaithfulness or fraud; as, to <i>shirk</i> duty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The usual makeshift by which they try to <i>shirk</i>
difficulties.</blockquote> <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shirk</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
live by shifts and fraud; to shark.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To evade an obligation; to avoid the
performance of duty, as by running away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One of the cities <i>shirked</i> from the
league.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shirk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who lives by shifts
and tricks; one who avoids the performance of duty or labor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shirk"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
shirks.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shirk"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disposed to
shirk.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Shirl</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shrill.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]  <i> Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shirl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See
<u>Schorl</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shir"ley</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The bullfinch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shirr</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Sewing)</i> <def>A
series of close parallel runnings which are drawn up so as to make the
material between them set full by gatherings; -- called also
<i>shirring</i>, and <i>gauging</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shirred</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Sewing)</i> <def>Made or gathered into a shirr; as, a
<i>shirred</i> bonnet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>Broken into an earthen
dish and baked over the fire; -- said of eggs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shirt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>schirte</i>,
<i>sherte</i>, <i>schurte</i>; akin to Icel. <i>skyrta</i>, Dan.
<i>skiorte</i>, Sw. <i>skjorta</i>, Dan. <i>ski&ouml;rt</i> a
petticoat, D. <i>schort</i> a petticoat, an argon, G. <i>schurz</i>,
<i>sch&uuml;rze</i>, an argon; all probably from the root of E.
<i>short</i>, as being originally a short garment. See <u>Short</u>,
and cf. <u>Skirt</u>.] <def>A loose under-garment for the upper part
of the body, made of cotton, linen, or other material; -- formerly
used of the under-garment of either sex, now commonly restricted to
that worn by men and boys.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Several persons in December had nothing over their
shoulders but their <i>shirts</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She had her <i>shirts</i> and girdles of
hair.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Fisher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shirt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shirted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shirting</u>.] <def>To cover or clothe with a shirt, or as with a
shirt.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shirt"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Cloth, specifically
cotton cloth, suitable for making shirts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shirt"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not having or
wearing a shirt.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Shirt"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Shist</hw> (?), <hw>Shis*tose"</hw> (?) }. <def>See
<u>Shist</u>, <u>Schistose</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Shit"tah</hw> (?), <hw>Shit"tah tree`</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb. <i>shitt&amacr;h</i>, pl.
<i>shitt&imacr;m</i>.] <def>A tree that furnished the precious wood of
which the ark, tables, altars, boards, etc., of the Jewish tabernacle
were made; -- now believed to have been the wood of the <i>Acacia
Seyal</i>, which is hard, fine grained, and yellowish brown in
color.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Shit"tim</hw> (?), <hw>Shit"tim wood`</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The wood of the shittah tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shit"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Shuttle</u>.]
<def>A shuttle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shit"tle</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wavering; unsettled;
inconstant.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shit"tle*cock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
shuttlecock.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Shit"tle*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Instability;
inconstancy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The vain <i>shittlenesse</i> of an unconstant
head.</blockquote> <i>Baret.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sheave</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A slice; as, a
<i>shive</i> of bread.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thin piece or fragment; specifically, one
of the scales or pieces of the woody part of flax removed by the
operation of breaking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A thin, flat cork used for stopping a wide-
mouthed bottle; also, a thin wooden bung for casks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shiv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>schivere</i>,
fr. <i>shive</i>; cf. G. <i>schifer</i> a splinter, slate, OHG.
<i>scivere</i> a splinter, Dan. & Sw. <i>skifer</i> a slate. See
<u>Shive</u>, and cf. <u>Skever</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of
the small pieces, or splinters, into which a brittle thing is broken
by sudden violence; -- generally used in the plural.</def> "All to
<i>shivers</i> dashed."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thin slice; a shive.</def> [Obs. or Prov.
Eng.] "A <i>shiver</i> of their own loaf."  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Of your soft bread, not but a
<i>shiver</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A variety of blue
slate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A sheave or small wheel in a
pulley.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A small wedge, as for fastening the bolt of
a window shutter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A spindle.</def> [Obs.  or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shiv"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shivered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shivering</u>.] [OE. <i>schiveren</i>, <i>scheveren</i>; cf. OD.
<i>scheveren</i>. See <u>Shiver</u> a fragment.] <def>To break into
many small pieces, or splinters; to shatter; to dash to pieces by a
blow; as, to <i>shiver</i> a glass goblet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the ground<BR>
With <i>shivered</i> armor strown.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shiv"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To separate suddenly
into many small pieces or parts; to be shattered.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There <i>shiver</i> shafts upon shields
thick.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The natural world, should gravity once cease, . . .
would instantly <i>shiver</i> into millions of atoms.</blockquote>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shiv"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>chiveren</i>,
<i>cheveren</i>; of uncertain origin. This word seems to have been
confused with <i>shiver</i> to shatter.] <def>To tremble; to vibrate;
to quiver; to shake, as from cold or fear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Prometheus is laid<BR>
On icy Caucasus to <i>shiver</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The man that <i>shivered</i> on the brink of sin,<BR>
Thus steeled and hardened, ventures boldly in.</blockquote>
<i>Creech.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shiv"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To
cause to shake or tremble, as a sail, by steering close to the
wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shiv"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of shivering or
trembling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shiv"er*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a shivering
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shiv"er-spar`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>schiefer-spath</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of calcite, so
called from its slaty structure; -- called also <i>slate
spar</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shiv"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Tremulous; shivering.</def>  <i>Mallet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Easily broken; brittle; shattery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shoad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>schutt</i>
rubbish.] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A train of vein material mixed with
rubbish; fragments of ore which have become separated by the action of
water or the weather, and serve to direct in the discovery of
mines.</def> [Written also <i>shode</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Shoad"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The
tracing of veins of metal by shoads.</def> [Written also
<i>shoding</i>.]  <i>Pryce.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shoal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>scolu</i>,
<i>sceolu</i>, a company, multitude, crowd, akin to OS. <i>skola</i>;
probably originally, a division, and akin to Icel. <i>skilja</i> to
part, divide. See <u>Skill</u>, and cf. <u>School</u>. of fishes.]
<def>A great multitude assembled; a crowd; a throng; -- said
especially of fish; as, a <i>shoal</i> of bass.</def> "Great
<i>shoals</i> of people."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Beneath, a <i>shoal</i> of silver fishes
glides.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shoal</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shoaled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shoaling</u>.] <def>To assemble in a multitude; to throng; as, the
fishes <i>shoaled</i> about the place.</def>  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shoal</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Shallow</u>; or cf. G.
<i>scholle</i> a clod, glebe, OHG. <i>scollo</i>, <i>scolla</i>, prob.
akin to E. <i>shoal</i> a multitude.] <def>Having little depth;
shallow; as, <i>shoal</i> water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shoal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
place where the water of a sea, lake, river, pond, etc., is shallow; a
shallow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The depth of your pond should be six feet; and on the
sides some <i>shoals</i> for the fish to lay their span.</blockquote>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wolsey, that once trod the ways of glory,<BR>
And sounded all the depths and <i>shoals</i> of honor.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sandbank or bar which makes the water
shoal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The god himself with ready trident stands,<BR>
And opes the deep, and spreads the moving sands,<BR>
Then heaves them off the <i>shoals</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shoal</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become shallow; as,
the color of the water shows where it <i>shoals</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shoal</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to become
more shallow; to come to a more shallow part of; as, a ship
<i>shoals</i> her water by advancing into that which is less
deep.</def>  <i>Marryat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shoal"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being shoaly; little depth of water; shallowness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shoal"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Becoming shallow
gradually.</def> "A <i>shoaling</i> estuary."  <i>Lyell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shoal"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of shoals, or
shallow places.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The tossing vessel sailed on <i>shoaly</i>
ground.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shoar</hw> (sh&omacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A prop. See
3d <u>Shore</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shoat</hw> (sh&omacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A young hog.
Same as <u>Shote</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1331 !></p>

<p><hw>Shock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>schokke</i>; cf.
OD <i>schocke</i>, G. <i>schock</i> a heap, quantity, threescore, MHG.
<i>schoc</i>, Sw. <i>skok</i>, and also G. <i>hocke</i> a heap of hay,
Lith. <i>kugis</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pile or assemblage of
sheaves of grain, as wheat, rye, or the like, set up in a field, the
sheaves varying in number from twelve to sixteen; a stook.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And cause it on <i>shocks</i> to be by and by
set.</blockquote> <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Behind the master walks, builds up the
<i>shocks</i>.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [G. <i>schock</i>.] <i>(Com.)</i> <def>A lot
consisting of sixty pieces; -- a term applied in some Baltic ports to
loose goods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shock</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To collect, or make
up, into a shock or shocks; to stook; as, to <i>shock</i>
rye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shock</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be occupied with
making shocks.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Reap well, scatter not, gather clean that is shorn,<BR>
Bind fast, <i>shock</i> apace.</blockquote> <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shock</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>schok</i> a bounce,
jolt, or leap, OHG. <i>scoc</i> a swing, MHG. <i>schoc</i>, Icel.
<i>skykkjun</i> tremuously, F. <i>choc</i> a shock, collision, a
dashing or striking against, Sp. <i>choque</i>, It. <i>ciocco</i> a
log. &radic;161.  Cf. <u>Shock</u> to shake.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A quivering or shaking which is the effect of a blow, collision,
or violent impulse; a blow, impact, or collision; a concussion; a
sudden violent impulse or onset.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These strong, unshaken mounds resist the
<i>shocks</i><BR>
Of tides and seas tempestuous.</blockquote> <i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He stood the <i>shock</i> of a whole host of
foes.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sudden agitation of the mind or feelings;
a sensation of pleasure or pain caused by something unexpected or
overpowering; also, a sudden agitating or overpowering event.</def> "A
<i>shock</i> of pleasure."  <i>Talfourd.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A sudden depression of the
vital forces of the entire body, or of a port of it, marking some
profound impression produced upon the nervous system, as by severe
injury, overpowering emotion, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The sudden convulsion or
contraction of the muscles, with the feeling of a concussion, caused
by the discharge, through the animal system, of electricity from a
charged body.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Concussion</u>, <u>Shock</u>.  Both words signify
a sudden violent shaking caused by impact or colision; but
<i>concussion</i> is restricted in use to matter, while <i>shock</i>
is used also of mental states.</p>

<p><hw>Shock</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shocked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shocking</u>.] [OE. <i>schokken</i>; cf. D. <i>schokken</i>, F.
<i>choquer</i>, Sp. <i>chocar</i>. &radic;161.  Cf. <u>Chuck</u> to
strike, <u>Jog</u>, <u>Shake</u>, <u>Shock</u> a striking,
<u>Shog</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> & <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give a shock to; to cause to shake or
waver; hence, to strike against suddenly; to encounter with
violence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Come the three corners of the world in arms,<BR>
And we shall <i>shock</i> them.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall never forget the force with which he
<i>shocked</i> De Vipont.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike with surprise, terror, horror, or
disgust; to cause to recoil; as, his violence <i>shocked</i> his
associates.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Advise him not to <i>shock</i> a father's
will.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shock</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To meet with a shock;
to meet in violent encounter.</def> "They saw the moment approach when
the two parties would <i>shock</i> together."  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shock</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Shag</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A dog with long hair or
shag; -- called also <i>shockdog</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thick mass of bushy hair; as, a head
covered with a <i>shock</i> of sandy hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shock</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bushy; shaggy; as, a
<i>shock</i> hair.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His red <i>shock</i> peruke . . . was laid
aside.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shock"dog`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See 7th <u>Shock</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shock"-head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shock-
headed.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shock"-head`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a thick
and bushy head of hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shock"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing to shake or
tremble, as by a blow; especially, causing to recoil with horror or
disgust; extremely offensive or disgusting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The grossest and most <i>shocking</i>
villainies.</blockquote> <i>Secker.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Shock"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Shock"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Shod</hw> (?), <pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> <def>f
<u>Shoe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shod"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps fr.
<u>Shed</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>; as meaning originally, waste
stuff <i>shed</i>or thrown off.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fibrous
material obtained by "deviling," or tearing into fibers, refuse woolen
goods, old stockings, rags, druggets, etc. See <u>Mungo</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fabric of inferior quality made of, or
containing a large amount of, shoddy.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The great quantity of shoddy goods furnished as army
supplies in the late Civil War in the United States gave wide currency
to the word, and it came to be applied to persons who pretend to a
higher position in society than that to which their breeding or worth
entitles them.</p>

<p><hw>Shod"dy</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made wholly or in part
of shoddy; containing shoddy; as, <i>shoddy</i> cloth; <i>shoddy</i>
blankets; hence, colloquially, not genuine; sham; pretentious; as,
<i>shoddy</i> aristocracy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shoddy</i> inventions designed to bolster up a
factitious pride.</blockquote> <i>Compton Reade.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shod"dy*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being shoddy.</def> [Colloq.] See the Note under
<u>Shoddy</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Shode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sc&amacr;de</i>,
fr. <i>sce&aacute;dan</i>. See <u>Shed</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The parting of the hair on the head.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Full straight and even lay his jolly
<i>shode</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The top of the head; the head.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Shode</hw>, <hw>Shod"ing</hw>  }. <def>See <u>Shoad</u>,
<u>Shoading</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sho"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A package of gold
beater's skins in which gold is subjected to the second process of
beating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shoe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Shoes</b></plw> (#), formerly <plw><b>Shoon</b></plw> (#), now
provincial. [OE. <i>sho</i>, <i>scho</i>, AS. <i>sc&?;h</i>,
<i>sce&oacute;h</i>; akin to OFries. <i>sk&?;</i>, OS. <i>sk&?;h</i>,
D. <i>schoe</i>, <i>schoen</i>, G. <i>schuh</i>, OHG. <i>scuoh</i>,
Icel. <i>sk&?;r</i>, Dan. & Sw. <i>sko</i>, Goth. <i>sk&?;hs</i>; of
unknown origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A covering for the human
foot, usually made of leather, having a thick and somewhat stiff sole
and a lighter top. It differs from a boot on not extending so far up
the leg.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your hose should be ungartered, . . . your<i>shoe</i>
untied.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Spare none but such as go in clouted
<i>shoon</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything resembling a shoe in form,
position, or use.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A plate
or rim of iron nailed to the hoof of an animal to defend it from
injury.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A band of iron or steel, or a
ship of wood, fastened to the bottom of the runner of a sleigh, or any
vehicle which slides on the snow.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A
drag, or sliding piece of wood or iron, placed under the wheel of a
loaded vehicle, to retard its motion in going down a hill.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The part of a railroad car brake which
presses upon the wheel to retard its motion.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A trough-shaped or spout-shaped member, put at the
bottom of the water leader coming from the eaves gutter, so as to
throw the water off from the building.</def> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd>
<i>(Milling.)</i> <def>The trough or spout for conveying the grain
from the hopper to the eye of the millstone.</def> <sd><i>(g)</i></sd>
<def>An inclined trough in an ore-crushing mill.</def>
<sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <def>An iron socket or plate to take the thrust of
a strut or rafter.</def> <sd><i>(i)</i></sd> <def>An iron socket to
protect the point of a wooden pile.</def> <sd><i>(j)</i></sd>
<i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A plate, or notched piece, interposed between a
moving part and the stationary part on which it bears, to take the
wear and afford means of adjustment; -- called also <i>slipper</i>,
and <i>gib</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Shoe</i> is often used adjectively, or in composition;
as, <i>shoe</i> buckle, or <i>shoe</i>-buckle; <i>shoe</i> latchet, or
<i>shoe</i>-latchet; <i>shoe</i> leathet, or <i>shoe</i>-leather;
<i>shoe</i> string, <i>shoe</i>-string, or <i>shoe</i>string.</p>

<p><col><b>Shoe of an anchor</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A small block of wood, convex on the back,
with a hole to receive the point of the anchor fluke, -- used to
prevent the anchor from tearing the planks of the vessel when raised
or lowered.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A broad, triangular piece of
plank placed upon the fluke to give it a better hold in soft
ground.</cd> -- <col><b>Shoe block</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a
block with two sheaves, one above the other, and at right angles to
each other.</cd> -- <col><b>Shoe bolt</b></col>, <cd>a bolt with a
flaring head, for fastening shoes on sleigh runners.</cd> --
<col><b>Shoe pac</b></col>, <cd>a kind of moccasin. See
<u>Pac</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Shoe stone</b></col>, <cd>a sharpening
stone used by shoemakers and other workers in leather.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Shoe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shod</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shoeing</u>.] [AS. <i>sc&?;ian</i>, <i>sce&?;ian</i>. See
<u>Shoe</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To furnish
with a shoe or shoes; to put a shoe or shoes on; as, to <i>shoe</i> a
horse, a sled, an anchor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To protect or ornament with something which
serves the purpose of a shoe; to tip.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sharp and small end of the billiard stick, which is
<i>shod</i> with brass or silver.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shoe"bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large African wading bird (<i>Bal&aelig;niceps rex</i>) allied
to the storks and herons, and remarkable for its enormous broad
swollen bill. It inhabits the valley of the White Nile. See
<i>Illust.</i> (<i>l.</i>) of <u>Beak</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shoe"black`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
polishes shoes.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Shoe"horn`</hw>, <hw>Shoe"ing-horn`</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A curved piece of
polished horn, wood, or metal used to facilitate the entrance of the
foot into a shoe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Figuratively: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Anything
by which a transaction is facilitated; a medium; -- by way of
contempt.</def> <i>Spectator.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Anything
which draws on or allures; an inducement.</def> [Low]  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shoe"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
shoes.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shoe"mak`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One whose occupation it is to make shoes and boots.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
threadfish.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The runner, 12.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shoe"mak`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The business of a
shoemaker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sho"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who fits shoes
to the feet; one who furnishes or puts on shoes; as, a <i>shoer</i> of
horses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shog</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Shock</u> a
striking.] <def>A shock; a jog; a violent concussion or impulse.</def>
[R. or Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Shog</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shake; to
shock.</def> [R. or Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Shog</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. W. <i>ysgogi</i> to
wag, to stir.  Cf. <u>Jog</u>.] <def>To jog; to move on.</def> [R. or
Scot.]  <i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shog"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Shog</u>,
<u>Joggle</u>.] <def>To joggle.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
<i>Pegge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sho"gun</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chin. <i>tsiang
ki&Uuml;n</i> commander in chief.] <def>A title originally conferred
by the Mikado on the military governor of the eastern provinces of
Japan. By gradual usurpation of power the <i>Shoguns</i> (known to
foreigners as <i>Tycoons</i>) became finally the virtual rulers of
Japan. The title was abolished in 1867.</def> [Written variously,
<i>Shiogun</i>, <i>Shiogoon</i>, etc.]
</p>

<p><hw>Sho*gun"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or
dignity of a Shogun.</def> [Written also <i>Siogoonate</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sho"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Sola</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A plank fixed beneath
an object, as beneath the rudder of a vessel, to protect it from
injury; a plank on the ground under the end of a shore or the
like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shole</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Shoal</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Shonde</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sceond</i>.  Cf.
<u>Shend</u>.] <def>Harm; disgrace; shame.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shone</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Shine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shoo</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>scheuchen</i> to scare, drive away.] <def>Begone; away; -- an
expression used in frightening away animals, especially
fowls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sho"oi</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
Richardson's skua (<i>Stercorarius parasiticus</i>);- so called from
its cry.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shook</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. & obs.</i></pos> or poet.
<pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Shake</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shook</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Shock</u> a bundle of
sheaves.] <i>(Com.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A set of staves and
headings sufficient in number for one hogshead, cask, barrel, or the
like, trimmed, and bound together in compact form.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A set of boards for a sugar box.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The parts of a piece of house furniture, as a
bedstead, packed together.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shook</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pack, as staves, in
a shook.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shoon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Shoe</u>.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They shook the snow from hats and
<i>shoon</i>.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shoop</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Shape</u>. Shaped.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shoot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>chute</i>. See
<u>Chute</u>. Confused with <i>shoot</i> to let fly.] <def>An inclined
plane, either artificial or natural, down which timber, coal, etc.,
are caused to slide; also, a narrow passage, either natural or
artificial, in a stream, where the water rushes rapidly; esp., a
channel, having a swift current, connecting the ends of a bend in the
stream, so as to shorten the course.</def> [Written also <i>chute</i>,
and <i>shute</i>.] [U. S.]</p>

<p><col><b>To take a shoot</b></col>, <cd>to pass through a shoot
instead of the main channel; to take the most direct course.</cd>
[U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Shoot</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shot</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shooting</u>. The old participle <u>Shotten</u> is obsolete. See
<u>Shotten</u>.] [OE. <i>shotien</i>, <i>schotien</i>, AS.
<i>scotian</i>, v. i., <i>sce&oacute;tan</i>; akin to D.
<i>schieten</i>, G. <i>schie&?;en</i>, OHG. <i>sciozan</i>, Icel.
<i>skj&?;ta</i>, Sw. <i>skjuta</i>, Dan. <i>skyde</i>; cf. Skr.
<i>skund</i> to jump. &radic;159.  Cf. <u>Scot</u> a contribution,
<u>Scout</u> to reject, <u>Scud</u>, <u>Scuttle</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>, <u>Shot</u>, <u>Sheet</u>, <u>Shut</u>, <u>Shuttle</u>,
<u>Skittish</u>, <u>Skittles</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To let fly,
or cause to be driven, with force, as an arrow or a bullet; --
followed by a word denoting the missile, as an object.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If you please<BR>
To shoot an arrow that self way.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To discharge, causing a missile to be
driven forth; -- followed by a word denoting the weapon or instrument,
as an object; -- often with <i>off</i>; as, to <i>shoot</i> a
gun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The two ends od a bow, <i>shot</i> off, fly from one
another.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To strike with anything shot; to hit with a
missile; often, to kill or wound with a firearm; -- followed by a word
denoting the person or thing hit, as an object.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When Roger <i>shot</i> the hawk hovering over his
master's dove house.</blockquote> <i>A. Tucker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To send out or forth, especially with a
rapid or sudden motion; to cast with the hand; to hurl; to discharge;
to emit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An honest weaver as ever <i>shot</i>
shuttle.</blockquote> <i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A pit into which the dead carts had nightly <i>shot</i>
corpses by scores.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To push or thrust forward; to project; to
protrude; -- often with <i>out</i>; as, a plant <i>shoots</i> out a
bud.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>shoot</i> out the lip, they shake the
head.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xxii. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Beware the secret snake that <i>shoots</i> a
sting.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>To plane straight; to fit by
planing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Two pieces of wood that are <i>shot</i>, that is,
planed or else pared with a paring chisel.</blockquote>
<i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To pass rapidly through, over, or under;
as, to <i>shoot</i> a rapid or a bridge; to <i>shoot</i> a sand
bar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She . . . <i>shoots</i> the Stygian sound.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To variegate as if by sprinkling or
intermingling; to color in spots or patches.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The tangled water courses slept,<BR>
<i>Shot</i> over with purple, and green, and yellow.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To be shot of</b></col>, <cd>to be discharged, cleared, or
rid of.</cd> [Colloq.] "Are you not glad <i>to be shot of</i> him?"
 <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shoot</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause an engine or weapon to discharge a missile; -- said of a person
or an agent; as, they <i>shot</i> at a target; he <i>shoots</i> better
than he rides.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The archers have . . . <i>shot</i> at him.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. xlix. 23.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To discharge a missile; -- said of an
engine or instrument; as, the gun <i>shoots</i> well.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be shot or propelled forcibly; -- said
of a missile; to be emitted or driven; to move or extend swiftly, as
if propelled; as, a <i>shooting</i> star.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There <i>shot</i> a streaming lamp along the
sky.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To penetrate, as a missile; to dart with a
piercing sensation; as, <i>shooting</i> pains.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy words <i>shoot</i> through my heart.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To feel a quick, darting pain; to throb in
pain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These preachers make<BR>
His head to <i>shoot</i> and ache.</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To germinate; to bud; to sprout.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Onions, as they hang, will <i>shoot</i>
forth.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But the wild olive <i>shoots</i>, and shades the
ungrateful plain.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To grow; to advance; as, to <i>shoot</i> up
rapidly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Well <i>shot</i> in years he seemed.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Delightful task! to rear the tender thought,<BR>
To teach the young idea how to <i>shoot</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To change form suddenly; especially, to
solidify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the menstruum be overcharged, metals will
<i>shoot</i> into crystals.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To protrude; to jut; to project; to extend;
as, the land <i>shoots</i> into a promontory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There <i>shot</i> up against the dark sky, tall, gaunt,
straggling houses.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To move ahead by force of
momentum, as a sailing vessel when the helm is put hard
alee.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To shoot ahead</b></col>, <cd>to pass or move quickly
forward; to outstrip others.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shoot</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of shooting; the discharge of a missile; a shot; as, the
<i>shoot</i> of a shuttle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Turkish bow giveth a very forcible
<i>shoot</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One underneath his horse to get a <i>shoot</i> doth
stalk.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A young branch or growth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Superfluous branches and <i>shoots</i> of this second
spring.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A rush of water; a rapid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A vein of ore running in the
same general direction as the lode.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>A weft thread shot through
the shed by the shuttle; a pick.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> [Perh. a different word.] <def>A shoat; a young
hog.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shoot"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who shoots, as an archer or a gunner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which shoots.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A firearm; as, a five-<i>shooter</i>.</def>
[Colloq. U.S.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A shooting star.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Shoot"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who, or that which, shoots; as, the
<i>shooting</i> of an archery club; the <i>shooting</i> of rays of
light.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wounding or killing with a firearm;
specifically <i>(Sporting)</i>, the killing of game; as, a week of
<i>shooting</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sensation of darting pain; as, a
<i>shooting</i> in one's head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shoot"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
shooting; for shooting; darting.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Shooting board</b></col> <i>(Joinery)</i>, <cd>a fixture
used in planing or shooting the edge of a board, by means of which the
plane is guided and the board held true.</cd> -- <col><b>Shooting
box</b></col>, <cd>a small house in the country for use in the
shooting season.</cd> <i>Prof. Wilson.</i> -- <col><b>Shooting
gallery</b></col>, <cd>a range, usually covered, with targets for
practice with firearms.</cd>  -- <col><b>Shooting iron</b></col>,
<cd>a firearm.</cd> [Slang, U.S.] -- <col><b>Shooting star</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>A starlike, luminous meteor,
that, appearing suddenly, darts quickly across some portion of the
sky, and then as suddenly disappears, leaving sometimes, for a few
seconds, a luminous train, -- called also <i>falling star</i>.</cd>
<i>Shooting stars</i> are small cosmical bodies which encounter the
earth in its annual revolution, and which become visible by coming
with planetary velocity into the upper regions of the atmosphere. At
certain periods, as on the 13th of November and 10th of August, they
appear for a few hours in great numbers, apparently diverging from
some point in the heavens, such displays being known as <i>meteoric
showers</i>, or <i>star showers</i>. These bodies, before encountering
the earth, were moving in orbits closely allied to the orbits of
comets. See <u>Leonids</u>, <u>Perseids</u>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>The American cowslip (<i>Dodecatheon Meadia</i>).
See under <u>Cowslip</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Shooting stick</b></col>
<i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>a tapering piece of wood or iron, used by
printers to drive up the quoins in the chase.</cd> <i>Hansard.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1332 !></p>

<p><hw>Shoot"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sprouting or coming
up freely and regularly.</def> [Prev. Eng.]  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shop</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Shape</u>. Shaped.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shoppe</i>,
<i>schoppe</i>, AS. <i>sceoppa</i> a treasury, a storehouse, stall,
booth; akin to <i>scypen</i> a shed, LG. <i>schup</i> a shed, G.
<i>schoppen</i>, <i>schuppen</i>, a shed, a coachhouse, OHG.
<i>scopf</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A building or an apartment in
which goods, wares, drugs, etc., are sold by retail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From <i>shop</i> to <i>shop</i><BR>
Wandering, and littering with unfolded silks<BR>
The polished counter.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A building in which mechanics or artisans
work; as, a shoe <i>shop</i>; a car <i>shop</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A tailor called me in his <i>shop</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Shop</i> is often used adjectively or in composition; as,
<i>shop</i> rent, or <i>shop</i>-rent; <i>shop thief</i>, <i>or
shop</i>-thief; <i>shop</i> window, or <i>shop</i>-window, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>To smell of the shop</b></col>, <cd>to indicate too
distinctively one's occupation or profession.</cd> -- <col><b>To talk
shop</b></col>, <cd>to make one's business the topic of social
conversation; also, to use the phrases peculiar to one's
employment.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Store; warehouse. See <u>Store</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Shop</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shopped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shopping</u>.] <def>To visit shops for the purpose of purchasing
goods.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was engaged with his mother and some ladies to go
<i>shopping</i>.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shop"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bench or
board on which work is performed; a workbench.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shop"book`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A book in which
a tradesman keeps his accounts.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shop"boy`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A boy employed in
a shop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sho"pen</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Shape</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shop"girl`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A girl employed
in a shop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shop"keep`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A trader who
sells goods in a shop, or by retail; -- in distinction from one who
sells by wholesale.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shop"lift`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Shop</i> +
<i>lift.</i> See <u>Lift</u> to steal.] <def>One who steals anything
in a shop, or takes goods privately from a shop; one who, under
pretense of buying goods, takes occasion to steal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shop"lift`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Larceny committed
in a shop; the stealing of anything from a shop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shop"like`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Suiting a shop;
vulgar.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shop"maid`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
shopgirl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shop"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Shopmen</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A shopkeeper;
a retailer.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who serves in a shop; a
salesman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who works in a shop or a
factory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shop"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
shops.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shop"pish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
appearance or qualities of a shopkeeper, or shopman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shop"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Abounding with shops.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to shops, or one's own
shop or business; as, <i>shoppy</i> talk.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Mrs.
Gaskell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shop"shift`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The trick of a
shopkeeper; deception.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shop"walk`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who walks
about in a shop as an overseer and director.  Cf.
<u>Floorwalker</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shop"wom`an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Shopwomen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A woman employed in a
shop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shop"worn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat worn or
damaged by having been kept for a time in a shop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shor"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Duty paid for
goods brought on shore.</def>  <i>Grabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shore</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Shear</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shore</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sewer.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shore</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>schore</i>; akin to
LG. <i>schore</i>, D. <i>schoor</i>, OD. <i>schoore</i>, Icel.
<i>skor&?;a</i>, and perhaps to E. <i>shear</i>, as being a piece cut
off.] <def>A prop, as a timber, placed as a brace or support against
the side of a building or other structure; a prop placed beneath
anything, as a beam, to prevent it from sinking or sagging.</def>
[Written also <i>shoar</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Shore</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shoring</u>.] [OE. <i>schoren</i>. See <u>Shore</u> a prop.]
<def>To support by a shore or shores; to prop; -- usually with
<i>up</i>; as, to <i>shore</i> up a building.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shore</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>schore</i>, AS.
<i>score</i>, probably fr. <i>scieran</i>, and so meaning properly,
that which is shorn off, edge; akin to OD. <i>schoore</i>,
<i>schoor</i>. See <u>Shear</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>The
coast or land adjacent to a large body of water, as an ocean, lake, or
large river.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Michael Cassio,<BR>
Lieutenant to the warlike Moor Othello,<BR>
Is come <i>shore</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The fruitful <i>shore</i> of muddy Nile.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In shore</b></col>, <cd>near the shore.</cd>
<i>Marryat.</i> -- <col><b>On shore</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>On</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Shore birds</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a collective name for the various limicoline birds found on the
seashore.</cd> -- <col><b>Shore crab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any crab found on the beaches, or between tides, especially any
one of various species of grapsoid crabs, as <i>Heterograpsus
nudus</i> of California.</cd> -- <col><b>Shore lark</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small American lark (<i>Otocoris
alpestris</i>) found in winter, both on the seacoast and on the
Western plains. Its upper parts are varied with dark brown and light
brown. It has a yellow throat, yellow local streaks, a black crescent
on its breast, a black streak below each eye, and two small black
erectile ear tufts. Called also <i>horned lark</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Shore plover</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large-billed
Australian plover (<i>Esacus magnirostris</i>). It lives on the
seashore, and feeds on crustaceans, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Shore
teetan</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the rock pipit (<i>Anthus
obscurus</i>).</cd> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shore</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To set on
shore.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shore"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no shore or
coast; of indefinite or unlimited extent; as, a <i>shoreless</i>
ocean.</def>  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shore"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shorling</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shor"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, shores or props; a prop; a shore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shore"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the
shore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shor"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of supporting or strengthening with a prop or shore.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A system of props; props,
collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shorl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <hw>Shor*la"ceous</hw>
(&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See <u>Schorl</u>,
<u>Schorlaceous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shor"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The skin of a sheen after the fleece is shorn off, as distinct
from the <i>morling</i>, or skin taken from the dead sheep; also, a
sheep of the first year's shearing.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person who is shorn; a shaveling; hence,
in contempt, a priest.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shorn</hw> (&?;), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Shear</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Shorter</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Shortest</u>.] [OE.
<i>short</i>, <i>schort</i>, AS. <i>scort</i>, <i>sceort</i>; akin to
OHG. <i>scurz</i>, Icel. <i>skorta</i> to be short of, to lack, and
perhaps to E. <i>shear</i>, v. t.  Cf. <u>Shirt</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not long; having brief length or linear
extension; as, a <i>short</i> distance; a <i>short</i> piece of
timber; a <i>short</i> flight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bed is <i>shorter</i> than that a man can stretch
himself on it.</blockquote> <i>Isa. xxviii. 20.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not extended in time; having very limited
duration; not protracted; as, <i>short</i> breath.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The life so <i>short</i>, the craft so long to
learn.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>short</i> absense I could yield.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Limited in quantity; inadequate;
insufficient; scanty; as, a <i>short</i> supply of provisions, or of
water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Insufficiently provided; inadequately
supplied; scantily furnished; lacking; not coming up to a resonable,
or the ordinary, standard; -- usually with <i>of</i>; as, to be
<i>short</i> of money.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We shall be <i>short</i> in our provision.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Deficient; defective; imperfect; not coming
up, as to a measure or standard; as, an account which is <i>short</i>
of the trith.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Not distant in time; near at
hand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Marinell was sore offended<BR>
That his departure thence should be so <i>short</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He commanded those who were appointed to attend him to
be ready by a <i>short</i> day.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Limited in intellectual power or grasp; not
comprehensive; narrow; not tenacious, as memory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their own <i>short</i> understandings reach<BR>
No farther than the present.</blockquote> <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Less important, efficaceous, or powerful;
not equal or equivalent; less (than); -- with <i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hardly anything <i>short</i> of an invasion could rouse
them again to war.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Abrupt; brief; pointed; petulant; as, he
gave a <i>short</i> answer to the question.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>Breaking or crumbling
readily in the mouth; crisp; as, <i>short</i> pastry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Metal)</i> <def>Brittle.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Metals that are brittle when hot are called <i>&?;ot-
short</i>; as, cast iron may be <i>hot-short</i>, owing to the
presence of sulphur. Those that are brittle when cold are called
<i>cold-short</i>; as, cast iron may be <i>cold-short</i>, on account
of the presence of phosphorus.</p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Stock Exchange)</i> <def>Engaging or
engaged to deliver what is not possessed; as, <i>short</i> contracts;
to be <i>short</i> of stock. See <i>The shorts</i>, under
<u>Short</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and <i>To sell short</i>, under
<u>Short</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></def></p>

<p>&fist; In mercantile transactions, a note or bill is sometimes made
payable <i>at short sight</i>, that is, in a little time after being
presented to the payer.</p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>Not prolonged, or
relatively less prolonged, in utterance; -- opposed to <i>long</i>,
and applied to vowels or to syllables. In English, the long and short
of the same letter are not, in most cases, the long and short of the
same sound; thus, the <i>i</i> in <i>ill</i> is the short sound, not
of <i>i</i> in <i>isle</i>, but of <i>ee</i> in <i>eel</i>, and the
<i>e</i> in <i>pet</i> is the short sound of <i>a</i> in <i>pate</i>,
etc. See <u>Quantity</u>, and <i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>,
&sect;&sect;22, 30.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Short</i> is much used with participles to form numerous
self-explaining compounds; as, <i>short</i>-armed, <i>short</i>-
billed, <i>short</i>-fingered, <i>short</i>-haired, <i>short</i>-
necked, <i>short</i>-sleeved, <i>short</i>-tailed, <i>short</i>-
winged, <i>short</i>-wooled, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>At short notice</b></col>, <cd>in a brief time;
promptly.</cd> -- <col><b>Short rib</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>one
of the false ribs.</cd> -- <col><b>Short suit</b></col>
<i>(Whist)</i>, <cd>any suit having only three cards, or less than
three.</cd> <i>R. A. Proctor.</i> -- <col><b>To come short</b></col>,
<col><b>To cut short</b></col>, <col><b>To fall short</b></col>,
<cd>etc. See under <u>Come</u>, <u>Cut</u>, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Short</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
summary account.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>short</i> and the long is, our play is
preferred.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The part of milled grain sifted
out which is next finer than the bran.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The first remove above bran is
<i>shorts</i>.</blockquote> <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Short, inferior hemp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Breeches; shortclothes.</def>
[Slang]  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Phonetics)</i> <def>A short sound, syllable,
or vowel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If we compare the nearest conventional <i>shorts</i>
and longs in English, as in "bit" and "beat," "not" and "naught," we
find that the short vowels are generally wide, the long narrow,
besides being generally diphthongic as well. Hence, originally short
vowels can be lengthened and yet kept quite distinct from the original
longs.</blockquote> <i>H. Sweet.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In short</b></col>, <cd>in few words; in brief;
briefly.</cd> -- <col><b>The long and the short</b></col>, <cd>the
whole; a brief summing up.</cd> -- <col><b>The shorts</b></col>
<i>(Stock Exchange)</i>, <cd>those who are unsupplied with stocks
which they contracted to deliver.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Short</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a short manner;
briefly; limitedly; abruptly; quickly; as, to stop <i>short</i> in
one's course; to turn <i>short</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was taken up very <i>short</i>, and adjudged
corrigible for such presumptuous language.</blockquote>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To sell short</b></col> <i>(Stock Exchange)</i>, <cd>to
sell, for future delivery, what the party selling does not own, but
hopes to buy at a lower rate.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Short</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sceortian</i>.]
<def>To shorten.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Short</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fail; to
decrease.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Short"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Amount or extent
of deficiency, as determined by some requirement or standard; as, a
<i>shortage</i> in money accounts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"-breathed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having short-breath, or quick
respiration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having short life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"cake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An unsweetened
breakfast cake shortened with butter or lard, rolled thin, and
baked.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short" cir"cuit</hw> (?). <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A circuit formed
or closed by a conductor of relatively low resistance because shorter
or of relatively great conductivity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"-cir`cuit</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Short-circuited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Short-circuiting</u>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>To join, as
the electrodes of a battery or dynamo or any two points of a circuit,
by a conductor of low resistance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"clothes`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Coverings
for the legs of men or boys, consisting of trousers which reach only
to the knees, -- worn with long stockings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"com`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
falling, or coming short</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
failure of a crop, or the like.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Neglect
of, or failure in, performance of duty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"-dat`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having little
time to run from the date.</def> "Thy <i>short-dated</i> life."
<i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Short"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shortened &?;</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shortening</u>.] [See <u>Short</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make short or shorter in measure, extent,
or time; as, to <i>shorten</i> distance; to <i>shorten</i> a road; to
<i>shorten</i> days of calamity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reduce or diminish in amount, quantity,
or extent; to lessen; to abridge; to curtail; to contract; as, to
<i>shorten</i> work, an allowance of food, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here, where the subject is so fruitful, I am
<i>shortened</i> by my chain.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make deficient (as to); to deprive; --
with <i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Spoiled of his nose, and <i>shortened</i> of his
ears.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make short or friable, as pastry, with
butter, lard, pot liquor, or the like.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To shorten a rope</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to take in
the slack of it.</cd> -- <col><b>To shorten sail</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to reduce sail by taking it in.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Short"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become short or
shorter; as, the day <i>shortens</i> in northern latitudes from June
to December; a metallic rod <i>shortens</i> by cold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"en*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, shortens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"en*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of making or becoming short or shorter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>That which renders pastry
short or friable, as butter, lard, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"hand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A compendious
and rapid method or writing by substituting characters, abbreviations,
or symbols, for letters, words, etc.; short writing; stenography. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Phonography</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short`-hand"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Short of, or
lacking the regular number of, servants or helpers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sucking whale
less than one year old; -- so called by sailors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"horn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>One of a breed
of large, heavy domestic cattle having short horns. The breed was
developed in England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"-joint`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
short intervals between the joints; -- said of a plant or an animal,
especially of a horse whose pastern is too short.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"-lived`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not living or
lasting long; being of short continuance; as, a <i>short-lived</i>
race of beings; <i>short-lived</i> pleasure; <i>short-lived</i>
passion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sceortlice</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a short or brief time or manner; soon;
quickly.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall grow jealous of you
<i>shortly</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The armies came <i>shortly</i> in view of each
other.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In few words; briefly; abruptly; curtly;
as, to express ideas more <i>shortly</i> in verse than in
prose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being short; want of reach or extension; brevity; deficiency; as,
the <i>shortness</i> of a journey; the <i>shortness</i> of the days in
winter; the <i>shortness</i> of an essay; the <i>shortness</i> of the
memory; a <i>shortness</i> of provisions; <i>shortness</i> of
breath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"sight`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not able to see far; nearsighted; myopic. See
<u>Myopic</u>, and <u>Myopia</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Not able to look far into futurity;
unable to understand things deep; of limited intellect.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having little regard for the future;
heedless.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Short"sight`ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Short"sight`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Cunning is a kind of
<i>shortsightedness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Short"-spo`ken</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Speaking in
a quick or short manner; hence, gruff; curt.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Short"stop`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Baseball)</i>
<def>The player stationed in the field bewtween the second and third
bases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"-waist`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
short waist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"-wind`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected
with shortness of breath; having a quick, difficult respiration, as
dyspnoic and asthmatic persons.</def>  <i>May.</i></p>

<p><hw>Short"wing`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of small wrenlike Asiatic birds having
short wings and a short tail. They belong to <i>Brachypterix</i>,
<i>Callene</i>, and allied genera.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1333 !></p>

<p><hw>Short"-wit`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having little
wit; not wise; having scanty intellect or judgment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shor"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lying near the
shore.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sho*sho"nes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Shoshone</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A
linguistic family or stock of North American Indians, comprising many
tribes, which extends from Montana and Idaho into Mexico. In a
restricted sense the name is applied especially to the Snakes, the
most northern of the tribes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shot</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Shoot</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shot</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Woven in such a way as to
produce an effect of variegation, of changeable tints, or of being
figured; as, <i>shot</i> silks. See <u>Shoot</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, 8.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shot</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>scot</i>, <i>sceot</i>,
fr. <i>sce&oacute;tan</i> to shoot; akin to D. <i>sschot</i>, Icel.
<i>skot</i>. &radic;159. See <u>Scot</u> a share, <u>Shoot</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Shot</u> a shooting.] <def>A share
or proportion; a reckoning; a scot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here no <i>shots</i> are where all shares
be.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A man is never . . . welcome to a place till some
certain <i>shot</i> be paid and the hostess say
"Welcome."</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shot</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Shot</b></plw>or <plw><b>Shots</b></plw> (#). [OE.
<i>shot</i>, <i>schot</i>, AS. <i>gesceot</i> a missile; akin to D.
<i>schot</i> a shot, shoot, G. <i>schuss</i>, ge<i>schoss</i> a
missile, Icel. <i>skot</i> a throwing, a javelin, and E. <i>shoot</i>,
v.t. &radic;159. See <u>Shoot</u>, and cf. <u>Shot</u> a share.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of shooting; discharge of a firearm or
other weapon which throws a missile.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He caused twenty <i>shot</i> of his greatest cannon to
be made at the king's army.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A missile weapon, particularly a ball or
bullet; specifically, whatever is discharged as a projectile from
firearms or cannon by the force of an explosive.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Shot</i> used in war is of various kinds, classified
according to the material of which it is composed, into <i>lead</i>,
<i>wrought-iron</i>, and <i>cast-iron</i>; according to form, into
<i>spherical</i> and <i>oblong</i>; according to structure and modes
of operation, into <i>solid</i>, <i>hollow</i>, and <i>case</i>. See
<i>Bar shot</i>, <i>Chain shot</i>, etc., under <u>Bar</u>,
<u>Chain</u>, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Small globular masses of lead, of various
sizes, -- used chiefly for killing game; as, bird <i>shot</i>;
buck<i>shot</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The flight of a missile, or the distance
which it is, or can be, thrown; as, the vessel was distant more than a
cannon <i>shot</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A marksman; one who practices shooting; as,
an exellent <i>shot</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Shot belt</b></col>, <cd>a belt having a pouch or
compartment for carrying shot.</cd> -- <col><b>Shot
cartridge</b></col>, <cd>a cartridge containing powder and small shot,
forming a charge for a shotgun.</cd> -- <col><b>Shot garland</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a wooden frame to contain shot, secured to the
coamings and ledges round the hatchways of a ship.</cd> --
<col><b>Shot gauge</b></col>, <cd>an instrument for measuring the
diameter of round shot.</cd> <i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>shot
hole</b></col>, <cd>a hole made by a shot or bullet discharged.</cd> -
- <col><b>Shot locker</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a strongly framed
compartment in the hold of a vessel, for containing shot.</cd> --
<col><b>Shot of a cable</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the splicing of
two or more cables together, or the whole length of the cables thus
united.</cd> -- <col><b>Shot prop</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a
wooden prop covered with tarred hemp, to stop a hole made by the shot
of an enemy in a ship's side.</cd> -- <col><b>Shot tower</b></col>,
<cd>a lofty tower for making shot, by dropping from its summit melted
lead in slender streams. The lead forms spherical drops which cool in
the descent, and are received in water or other liquid.</cd> --
<col><b>Shot window</b></col>, <cd>a window projecting from the wall.
Ritson, quoted by Halliwell, explains it as a window that opens and
shuts; and Wodrow describes it as a window of shutters made of timber
and a few inches of glass above them.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shotted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shotting</u>.] <def>To load with shot, as a gun.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shot"-clog`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person
tolerated only because he pays the shot, or reckoning, for the rest of
the company, otherwise a mere clog on them.</def> [Old Slang]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou common <i>shot-clog</i>, gull of all
companies.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shote</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sce&oacute;ta</i>
a darting fish, a trout, fr. <i>sce&oacute;tan</i>. See <u>Shoot</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
fish resembling the trout.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<i>Garew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Perh. a different word.] <def>A young hog; a
shoat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shot"-free`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not to be
injured by shot; shot-proof.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shot"-free`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from charge or
expense; hence, unpunished; scot-free.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shot"gun`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A light, smooth-
bored gun, often double-barreled, especially designed for firing small
shot at short range, and killing small game.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shot"-proof`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Impenetrable
by shot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shots</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>The refuse of
cattle taken from a drove.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shot"ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Loaded with shot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Having a shot attached; as, a
<i>shotten</i> suture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shot"ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Properly p. p. of
<i>shoot</i>; AS. <i>scoten</i>, <i>sceoten</i>, p. p. of
<i>sce&oacute;tan</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having ejected the
spawn; as, a <i>shotten</i> herring.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Shot out of its socket; dislocated, as a
bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shough</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A shockdog.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shough</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shoo</u>.</def>  <i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Should</hw> (?), <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Shall</u>. [OE.
<i>sholde</i>, <i>shulde</i>, <i>scholde</i>, <i>schulde</i>, AS.
<i>scolde</i>, <i>sceolde</i>. See <u>Shall</u>.] <def>Used as an
auxiliary verb, to express a conditional or contingent act or state,
or as a supposition of an actual fact; also, to express moral
obligation (see <u>Shall</u>); <i>e. g.</i>: they <i>should</i> have
come last week; if I <i>should</i> go; I <i>should</i> think you could
go.</def> "You have done that you <i>should</i> be sorry for."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Ought</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Shoul"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shulder</i>,
<i>shuldre</i>, <i>schutder</i>, AS. <i>sculdor</i>; akin to D.
<i>schoulder</i>, G. <i>schulter</i>, OHG. <i>scultarra</i>, Dan.
<i>skulder</i>, Sw. <i>skuldra</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The joint, or the region of the joint, by which the fore limb is
connected with the body or with the shoulder girdle; the projection
formed by the bones and muscles about that joint.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The flesh and muscles connected with the
shoulder joint; the upper part of the back; that part of the human
frame on which it is most easy to carry a heavy burden; -- often used
in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then by main force pulled up, and on his
<i>shoulders</i> bore<BR>
The gates of Azza.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Adown her <i>shoulders</i> fell her length of
hair.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: That which supports or sustains;
support.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In thy <i>shoulder</i> do I build my seat.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles a human shoulder, as
any protuberance or projection from the body of a thing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The north western <i>shoulder</i> of the
mountain.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The upper joint of the fore leg and
adjacent parts of an animal, dressed for market; as, a <i>shoulder</i>
of mutton.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>The angle of a bastion
included between the face and flank. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Bastion</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>An abrupt projection which forms an
abutment on an object, or limits motion, etc., as the projection
around a tenon at the end of a piece of timber, the part of the top of
a type which projects beyond the base of the raised character,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Shoulder belt</b></col>, <cd>a belt that passes across the
shoulder.</cd> -- <col><b>Shoulder blade</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>,
<cd>the flat bone of the shoulder, to which the humerus is
articulated; the scapula.</cd> -- <col><b>Shoulder block</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a block with a projection, or shoulder, near the
upper end, so that it can rest against a spar without jamming the
rope.</cd> -- <col><b>Shoulder clapper</b></col>, <cd>one who claps
another on the shoulder, or who uses great familiarity.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Shoulder girdle</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i>
<cd>See <i>Pectoral girdle</i>, under <u>Pectoral</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Shoulder knot</b></col>, <cd>an ornamental knot of ribbon or
lace worn on the shoulder; a kind of epaulet or braided ornament worn
as part of a military uniform.</cd> -- <col><b>Shoulder-of-mutton
sail</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a triangular sail carried on a
boat's mast; -- so called from its shape.</cd> -- <col><b>Shoulder
slip</b></col>, <cd>dislocation of the shoulder, or of the
humerous.</cd> <i>Swift.</i> -- <col><b>Shoulder strap</b></col>,
<cd>a strap worn on or over the shoulder. Specifically <i>(Mil. &
Naval)</i>, a narrow strap worn on the shoulder of a commissioned
officer, indicating, by a suitable device, the rank he holds in the
service. See <i>Illust.</i> in App.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shoul"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shouldered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shouldering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To push or thrust with
the shoulder; to push with violence; to jostle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As they the earth would <i>shoulder</i> from her
seat.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Around her numberless the rabble flowed,<BR>
<i>Shouldering</i> each other, crowding for a view.</blockquote>
<i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take upon the shoulder or shoulders; as,
to <i>shoulder</i> a basket; hence, to assume the burden or
responsibility of; as, to <i>shoulder</i> blame; to <i>shoulder</i> a
debt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As if Hercules<BR>
Or burly Atlas <i>shouldered</i> up their state.</blockquote>
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Right shoulder arms</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a position
in the Manual of Arms which the piece is placed on the right shoulder,
with the lock plate up, and the muzzle elevated and inclined to the
left, and held as in the illustration.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shoul"dered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
shoulders; -- used in composition; as, a broad-<i>shouldered</i>
man.</def> "He was short-<i>shouldered</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shoul"der-shot`ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sprained
in the shoulder, as a horse.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shout</hw> (shout), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shouted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shouting</u>.] [OE. <i>shouten</i>, of unknown origin; perhaps akin
to <i>shoot</i>; cf. Icel. <i>sk&umacr;ta</i>, <i>sk&umacr;ti</i>, a
taunt.] <def>To utter a sudden and loud outcry, as in joy, triumph, or
exultation, or to attract attention, to animate soldiers,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shouting</i> of the men and women eke.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>shouted</i> thrice: what was the last cry
for?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To shout at</b></col>, <cd>to utter shouts at; to deride or
revile with shouts.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shout</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
utter with a shout; to cry; -- sometimes with <i>out</i>; as, to
<i>shout</i>, or to <i>shout</i> out, a man's name.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To treat with shouts or clamor.</def>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shout</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A loud burst of voice or
voices; a vehement and sudden outcry, especially of a multitudes
expressing joy, triumph, exultation, or animated courage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Rhodians, seeing the enemy turn their backs, gave a
great <i>shout</i> in derision.</blockquote> <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shout"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
shouts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shove</hw> (sh&ubreve;v), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Shoved</u> (sh&ubreve;vd); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Shoving</u>.] [OE. <i>shoven</i>, AS. <i>scofian</i>,
fr. <i>sc&umacr;fan</i>; akin to OFries. <i>sk&umacr;va</i>, D.
<i>schuiven</i>, G. <i>schieben</i>, OHG. <i>scioban</i>, Icel.
<i>sk&umacr;fa</i>, <i>sk&ymacr;fa</i>, Sw. <i>skuffa</i>, Dan.
<i>skuffe</i>, Goth. af<i>skiuban</i> to put away, cast away; cf. Skr.
<i>kshubh</i> to become agitated, to quake, Lith. <i>skubrus</i>
quick, <i>skubinti</i> to hasten. &radic;160.  Cf. <u>Sheaf</u> a
bundle of stalks, <u>Scoop</u>, <u>Scuffle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To drive along by the direct and continuous application of
strength; to push; especially, to push (a body) so as to make it move
along the surface of another body; as, to <i>shove</i> a boat on the
water; to <i>shove</i> a table across the floor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To push along, aside, or away, in a
careless or rude manner; to jostle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>shove</i> away the worthy bidden
guest.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He used to <i>shove</i> and elbow his fellow
servants.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shove</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
push or drive forward; to move onward by pushing or
jostling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move off or along by an act pushing, as
with an oar a pole used by one in a boat; sometimes with
<i>off</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He grasped the oar,<BR>
eceived his guests on board, and <i>shoved</i> from
shore.</blockquote> <i>Garth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shove</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of shoving; a
forcible push.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I rested . . . and then gave the boat another
<i>shove</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Thrust</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Shove</hw>, obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Shove</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Shove"board`</hw> (?), <hw>Shove"groat`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The same as <u>Shovelboard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shov"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shovele</i>,
<i>schovele</i>, AS. <i>scoft</i>, <i>sceoft</i>; akin to D.
<i>schoffel</i>, G. <i>schaufel</i>, OHG. <i>sc&?;vala</i>, Dan.
<i>skovl</i>, Sw. <i>skofvel</i>, <i>skyffel</i>, and to E.
<i>shove</i>. &radic;160. See <u>Shove</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>An implement consisting of a broad scoop, or more or less hollow
blade, with a handle, used for lifting and throwing earth, coal,
grain, or other loose substances.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Shovel hat</b></col>, <cd>a broad-brimmed hat, turned up at
the sides, and projecting in front like a shovel, -- worn by some
clergy of the English Church.</cd> [Colloq.] --
<col><b>Shovelspur</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a flat, horny
process on the tarsus of some toads, -- used in burrowing.</cd> --
<col><b>Steam shovel</b></col>, <cd>a machine with a scoop or scoops,
operated by a steam engine, for excavating earth, as in making railway
cuttings.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shov"el</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shoveled</u> (?) or <u>Shovelled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Shoveling</u> or <u>Shovelling</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take up and throw with a shovel; as, to
<i>shovel</i> earth into a heap, or into a cart, or out of a
pit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To gather up as with a shovel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shov"el*ard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Shoveler.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shov"el*bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The shoveler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shov"el*board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A board on which a game is played, by pushing
or driving pieces of metal or money to reach certain marks; also, the
game itself. Called also <i>shuffleboard</i>, <i>shoveboard</i>,
<i>shovegroat</i>, <i>shovelpenny</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A game played on board ship in which the
aim is to shove or drive with a cue wooden disks into divisions
chalked on the deck; -- called also <i>shuffleboard</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shov"el*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Also
<i>shoveller</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which,
shovels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A river duck
(<i>Spatula clypeata</i>), native of Europe and America. It has a
large bill, broadest towards the tip. The male is handsomely
variegated with green, blue, brown, black, and white on the body; the
head and neck are dark green. Called also <i>broadbill</i>,
<i>spoonbill</i>, <i>shovelbill</i>, and <i>maiden duck</i>. The
Australian shoveler, or shovel-nosed duck (<i>S. rhynchotis</i>), is a
similar species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shov"el*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Shovelfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>As much as a shovel will
hold; enough to fill a shovel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shov"el*head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A shark (<i>Sphryna tiburio</i>) allied to
the hammerhead, and native of the warmer parts of the Atlantic and
Pacific oceans; -- called also <i>bonnet shark</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shov"el*nose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The common sand shark.
See under <u>Snad</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A small
California shark (<i>Heptranchias maculatus</i>), which is taken for
its oil.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A Pacific Ocean shark
(<i>Hexanchus corinus</i>).</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A ganoid
fish of the Sturgeon family (<i>Scaphirhynchus platyrhynchus</i>) of
the Mississippi and Ohio rivers; -- called also <i>white
sturgeon</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shov"el-nosed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a broad, flat nose; as, the <i>shovel-
nosed</i> duck, or shoveler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shov"en</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Shove</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Show</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Showed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Shown</u> (?) or
<u>Showed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Showing</u>. It is
sometimes written <i>shew</i>, <i>shewed</i>, <i>shewn</i>,
<i>shewing</i>.] [OE. <i>schowen</i>, <i>shewen</i>, <i>schewen</i>,
<i>shawen</i>, AS. <i>sce&aacute;wian</i>, to look, see, view; akin to
OS. <i>scaw&?;n</i>, OFries. <i>skawia</i>, D. <i>schouwen</i>, OHG.
<i>scouw&?;n</i>, G. <i>schauen</i>, Dan. <i>skue</i>, Sw.
<i>sk&?;da</i>, Icel. <i>sko&?;a</i>, Goth. us<i>skawjan</i> to waken,
<i>skuggwa</i> a mirror, Icel. <i>skuggy</i> shade, shadow, L.
<i>cavere</i> to be on one's guard, Gr. &?;&?;&?; to mark, perceive,
hear, Skr. <i>kavi</i> wise.  Cf. <u>Caution</u>, <u>Scavenger</u>,
<u>Sheen</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To exhibit or present to view;
to place in sight; to display; -- the thing exhibited being the
object, and often with an indirect object denoting the person or thing
seeing or beholding; as, to <i>show</i> a house; <i>show</i> your
colors; shopkeepers <i>show</i> customers goods (show goods to
customers).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Go thy way, <i>shew</i> thyself to the
priest.</blockquote> <i>Matt. viii. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor want we skill or art from whence to raise<BR>
Magnificence; and what can heaven <i>show</i> more?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exhibit to the mental view; to tell; to
disclose; to reveal; to make known; as, to <i>show</i> one's
designs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shew</i> them the way wherein they must
walk.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xviii. 20.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If it please my father to do thee evil, then I will
<i>shew</i> it thee, and send thee away.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. xx.
13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, to make known the way to (a
person); hence, to direct; to guide; to asher; to conduct; as, to
<i>show</i> a person into a parlor; to <i>show</i> one to the
door.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make apparent or clear, as by evidence,
testimony, or reasoning; to prove; to explain; also, to manifest; to
evince; as, to <i>show</i> the truth of a statement; to <i>show</i>
the causes of an event.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I 'll <i>show</i> my duty by my timely
care.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To bestow; to confer; to afford; as, to
<i>show</i> favor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shewing</i> mercy unto thousands of them that love
me.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xx. 6.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To show forth</b></col>, <cd>to manifest; to publish; to
proclaim.</cd> -- <col><b>To show his paces</b></col>, <cd>to exhibit
the gait, speed, or the like; -- said especially of a horse.</cd> --
<col><b>To show off</b></col>, <cd>to exhibit ostentatiously.</cd> --
<col><b>To show up</b></col>, <cd>to expose.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Show</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Written also <i>shew</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To exhibit or manifest one's self or itself;
to appear; to look; to be in appearance; to seem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Just such she <i>shows</i> before a rising
storm.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All round a hedge upshoots, and <i>shows</i><BR>
At distance like a little wood.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1334 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have a certain appearance, as well or
ill, fit or unfit; to become or suit; to appear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My lord of York, it better <i>showed</i> with
you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To show off</b></col>, <cd>to make a show; to display one's
self.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Show</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formerly written also
<i>shew</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of showing, or bringing
to view; exposure to sight; exhibition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which os shown, or brought to view;
that which is arranged to be seen; a spectacle; an exhibition; as, a
traveling <i>show</i>; a cattle <i>show</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As for triumphs, masks, feasts, and such
<i>shows</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Proud or ostentatious display; parade;
pomp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I envy none their pageantry and
<i>show</i>.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Semblance; likeness; appearance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He through the midst unmarked,<BR>
In <i>show</i> plebeian angel militant<BR>
Of lowest order, passed.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>False semblance; deceitful appearance;
pretense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beware of the scribes, . . . which devour widows'
houses, and for a <i>shew</i> make long prayers.</blockquote> <i>Luke
xx. 46. 47.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A discharge, from the vagina,
of mucus streaked with blood, occuring a short time before
labor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A pale blue flame, at the
top of a candle flame, indicating the presence of fire damp.</def>
<i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Show bill</b></col>, <cd>a broad sheet containing an
advertisement in large letters.</cd> -- <col><b>Show box</b></col>,
<cd>a box xontaining some object of curiosity carried round as a
show.</cd> -- <col><b>Show card</b></col>, <cd>an advertising placard;
also, a card for displaying samples.</cd> -- <col><b>Show
case</b></col>, <cd>a gla&?;ed case, box, or cabinet for displaying
and protecting shopkeepers' wares, articles on exhibition in museums,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Show glass</b></col>, <cd>a glass which displays
objects; a mirror.</cd> -- <col><b>Show of hands</b></col>, <cd>a
raising of hands to indicate judgment; as, the vote was taken by a
<i>show of hands</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Show stone</b></col>, <cd>a
piece of glass or crystal supposed to have the property of exhibiting
images of persons or things not present, indicating in that way future
events.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Show"bread`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Jewish
Antiq.)</i> <def>Bread of exhibition; loaves to set before God; -- the
term used in translating the various phrases used in the Hebrew and
Greek to designate the loaves of bread which the priest of the week
placed before the Lord on the golden table in the sanctuary. They were
made of fine flour unleavened, and were changed every Sabbath. The
loaves, twelve in number, represented the twelve tribes of Israel.
They were to be eaten by the priests only, and in the Holy
Place.</def> [Written also <i>shewbread</i>.]  <i>Mark ii. 26.</i></p>

<p><hw>Show"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who shows or exhibits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which shows; a mirror.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Show"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shour</i>,
<i>schour</i>, AS. <i>se&?;r</i>; akin to D. <i>schoer</i>, G.
<i>schauer</i>, OHG. <i>sc&?;r</i>, Icel. <i>sk&?;r</i>, Sw.
<i>skur</i>, Goth. <i>sk&?;ra windis</i> a storm of wind; of uncertain
origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fall or rain or hail of short
duration; sometimes, but rarely, a like fall of snow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In drought or else <i>showers</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Or wet the thirsty earth with falling
<i>showers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles a shower in falling or
passing through the air copiously and rapidly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>showers</i> of stones he drives them far
away.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A copious supply bestowed.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He and myself<BR>
Have travail'd in the great <i>shower</i> of your gifts.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Shower bath</b></col>, <cd>a bath in which water is
showered from above, and sometimes from the sides also.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Show"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Showered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Showering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To water with a shower; to
&?;&?;t copiously with rain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest it again dissolve and <i>shower</i> the
earth.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bestow liberally; to destribute or
scatter in &?;undance; to rain.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>C&?;sar's favor,<BR>
That <i>showers</i> down greatness on his friends.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Show"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To rain in showers;
to fall, as in a hower or showers.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Show"er*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
showers.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Show"er*i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being showery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Show"er*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rainless; freo
from showers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Show"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Raining in showers; abounding with frequent showers of
rain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a shower or
showers.</def> "Colors of the <i>showery</i> arch."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Show"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a showy
manner; pompously; with parade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Show"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being showy; pompousness; great parade;
ostentation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Show"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Appearance; display; exhibition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Presentation of facts; statement.</def>
<i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Show"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Showy;
ostentatious.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Show"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Showmen</b></plw> (#). <def>One who exhibits a show; a
proprietor of a show.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shown</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Show</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Show"room`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A room or
apartment where a show is exhibited.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A room where merchandise is exposed for
sale, or where samples are displayed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Show"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Compar</i>.
<u>Showier</u> (&?;); <i>superl</i>. <u>Showiest</u>.] <def>Making a
show; attracting attention; presenting a marked appearance;
ostentatious; gay; gaudy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A present of everything that was rich and
<i>showy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Splendid; gay; gaudy; gorgeous; fine; magnificent;
grand; stately; sumptuous; pompous.</p>

<p><hw>Shrag</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. <u>Scrag</u>.] <def>A
twig of a tree cut off.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Shrag</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To trim, as trees; to
lop.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Shrag"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who lops; one
who trims trees.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Huloet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shram</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. Shrink.] <def>To
cause to shrink or shrivel with cold; to benumb.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shrank</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Shrink</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Shrap</hw> (?), <hw>Shrape</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. <u>Scrap</u>, and <u>Scrape</u>.] <def>A place baited with chaff
to entice birds.</def> [Written also <i>scrap</i>.] [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Bedell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrap"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Applied as an
appellation to a kind of shell invented by Gen. H. <i>Shrapnel</i> of
the British army.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shrapnel shell;
shrapnel shells, collectively.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Shrapnel shell</b></col> <i>(Gunnery)</i>, <cd>a projectile
for a cannon, consisting of a shell filled with bullets and a small
bursting charge to scatter them at any given point while in flight.
See the Note under <u>Case shot</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shred</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shrede</i>,
<i>schrede</i>, AS. <i>scre&aacute;de</i>; akin to OD.
<i>schroode</i>, G. <i>schrot</i> a piece cut off, Icel.
<i>skrjo&eth;r</i> a shred, and to E. <i>shroud</i>.  Cf.
<u>Screed</u>, <u>Scroll</u>, <u>Scrutiny</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A long, narrow piece cut or torn off; a strip.</def>
"<i>Shreds</i> of tanned leather."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In general, a fragment; a piece; a
particle.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shred</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shred</u> or <u>Shredded</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Shredding</u>.] [OE. <i>shreden</i>,
<i>schreden</i>, AS. <i>scre&aacute;dian</i>; akin to OD.
<i>schrooden</i>, OHG. <i>scr&?;tan</i>, G. <i>schroten</i>. See
<u>Shred</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut or
tear into small pieces, particularly narrow and long pieces, as of
cloth or leather.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lop; to prune; to trim.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Shred"cook`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The fieldfare; -- so called from its harsh cry before rain.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shred"ding</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of cutting or tearing into shreds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is cut or torn off; a
piece.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shred"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of
shreds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shred"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no shreds;
without a shred.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And those which waved are <i>shredless</i> dust ere
now.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrew</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shrewe</i>,
<i>schrewe</i>.  Cf. <u>Shrewd</u>.] <def>Wicked; malicious.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrew</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Shrew</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Originally, a brawling,
turbulent, vexatious person of either sex, but now restricted in use
to females; a brawler; a scold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man . . . grudgeth that <i>shrews</i> [i. e., bad
men] have prosperity, or else that good men have
adversity.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A man had got a <i>shrew</i> to his wife, and there
could be no quiet in the house for her.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [AS. <i>scre&aacute;wa</i>; -- so called because
supposed to be venomous. ] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any small
insectivore of the genus <i>Sorex</i> and several allied genera of the
family <i>Sorecid&aelig;</i>. In form and color they resemble mice,
but they have a longer and more pointed nose. Some of them are the
smallest of all mammals.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common European species are the house shrew
(<i>Crocidura araneus</i>), and the erd shrew (<i>Sorex vulgaris</i>)
(see under <u>Erd</u>.). In the United States several species of
<i>Sorex</i> and <i>Blarina</i> are common, as the broadnosed shrew
(<i>S. platyrhinus</i>), Cooper's shrew (<i>S. Cooperi</i>), and the
short-tailed, or mole, shrew (<i>Blarina brevicauda</i>). Th American
water, or marsh, shrew (<i>Neosorex palustris</i>), with fringed feet,
is less common. The common European water shrews are <i>Crossopus
fodiens</i>, and the oared shrew (see under <u>Oared</u>).</p>

<p><col><b>Earth shrew</b></col>, <cd>any shrewlike burrowing animal
of the family <i>Centetid&aelig;</i>, as the tendrac.</cd> --
<col><b>Elephant shrew</b></col>, <col><b>Jumping shrew</b></col>,
<col><b>Mole shrew</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Elephant</u>,
<u>Jumping</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Musk shrew</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Desman</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>River shrew</b></col>, <cd>an aquatic
West African insectivore (<i>Potamogale velox</i>) resembling a weasel
in form and size, but having a large flattened and crested tail
adapted for rapid swimming. It feeds on fishes.</cd> -- <col><b>Shrew
mole</b></col>, <cd>a common large North American mole (<i>Scalops
aquaticus</i>). Its fine, soft fur is gray with iridescent purple
tints.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shrew</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Shrew</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Beshrew</u>.] <def>To beshrew; to
curse.</def> [Obs.] "I <i>shrew</i> myself."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrewd</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Shrewder</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Shrewdest</u>.] [Originally the p. p. of
<i>shrew</i>, v.t.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inclining to shrew;
disposing to curse or scold; hence, vicious; malicious; evil; wicked;
mischievous; vexatious; rough; unfair; shrewish.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Egypt] hath many <i>shrewd</i> havens, because of the
great rocks that ben strong and dangerous to pass by.</blockquote>
<i>Sir J. Mandeville.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every of this happy number<BR>
That have endured <i>shrewd</i> days and nights with us.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Artful; wily; cunning; arch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These women are <i>shrewd</i> tempters with their
tongues.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Able or clever in practical affairs; sharp
in business; astute; sharp-witted; sagacious; keen; as, a
<i>shrewd</i> observer; a <i>shrewd</i> design; a <i>shrewd</i>
reply.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Professing to despise the ill opinion of mankind
creates a <i>shrewd</i> suspicion that we have deserved
it.</blockquote> <i>Secker.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Keen; critical; subtle; artful; astute; sagacious;
discerning; acute; penetrating.  -- <u>Shrewd</u>, <u>Sagacious</u>.
One who is shrewd is keen to detect errors, to penetrate disguises, to
foresee and guard against the selfishness of others. <i>Shrewd</i> is
a word of less dignity than <i>sagacious</i>, which implies a
comprehensive as well as penetrating mind, whereas <i>shrewd</i> does
not.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Shrewd"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Shrewd"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Shrew"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>having the
qualities of a shrew; having a scolding disposition; froward;
peevish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My wife is <i>shrewish</i> when I keep not
hours.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Shrew"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Shrew"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Shrew"mouse`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A shrew; especially, the erd shrew.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Shriek</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shrieked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shrieking</u>.] [OE. <i>shriken</i>, originallythe same word as E.
<i>screech</i>. See <u>Screech</u>, and cf. <u>Screak</u>.] <def>To
utter a loud, sharp, shrill sound or cry, as do some birds and beasts;
to scream, as in a sudden fright, in horror or anguish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was the owl that <i>shrieked</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At this she <i>shrieked</i> aloud; the mournful
train<BR>
Echoed her grief.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shriek</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To utter sharply
and shrilly; to utter in or with a shriek or shrieks.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On top whereof aye dwelt the ghostly owl,<BR>
<i>Shrieking</i> his baleful note.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>shrieked</i> his name<BR>
To the dark woods.</blockquote> <i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shriek</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sharp, shrill outcry
or scream; a shrill wild cry such as is caused by sudden or extreme
terror, pain, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shrieks</i>, clamors, murmurs, fill the frighted
town.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Shriek owl</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The screech owl</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>The swift; -- so called from its cry.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shriek"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who utters a
shriek.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shriev"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to a sheriff.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shriev"al*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. from
<i>sheriffalty</i>. See <u>Shrieve</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<u>Sheriff</u>.] <def>The office, or sphere of jurisdiction, of a
sheriff; sheriffalty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was ordained by 28 Edward I that the people shall
have election of sheriff in every shire where the <i>shrievalty</i> is
not of inheritance.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrieve</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. from OE.
<i>shereve</i>. See <u>Sheriff</u>.] <def>A sheriff.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrieve</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shrive; to
question.</def> [Obs.] "She gan him soft to <i>shrieve</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrift</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shrift</i>,
<i>schrift</i>, AS. <i>scrift</i>, fr. <i>scr&imacr;fan</i> to shrive.
See <u>Shrive</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
shriving.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>shrift</i> and preaching is my
diligence.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Confession made to a priest, and the
absolution consequent upon it.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Have you got leave to go to <i>shrift</i> to-
day?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Therefore, my lord, address you to your
<i>shrift</i>,<BR>
And be yourself; for you must die this instant.</blockquote>
<i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Shrift father</b></col>, <cd>a priest to whom confession is
made.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shright</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Shriek</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She cried alway and <i>shright</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shright</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Shriek</u>.] <def>A
shriek; shrieking.</def> [Obs] <i>Spenser.</i> "All hoarse for
<i>shright</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrike</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to Icel.
<i>skr&imacr;kja</i> a shrieker, the shrike, and E. <i>shriek</i>; cf.
AS. <i>scr&imacr;c</i> a thrush. See <u>Shriek</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of
oscinine birds of the family <i>Laniid&aelig;</i>, having a strong
hooked bill, toothed at the tip. Most shrikes are insectivorous, but
the common European gray shrike (<i>Lanius excubitor</i>), the great
northern shrike (<i>L. borealis</i>), and several others, kill mice,
small birds, etc., and often impale them on thorns, and are, on that
account called also <i>butcher birds</i>. See under
<u>Butcher</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The ant shrikes, or bush shrikes, are clamatorial birds of
the family <i>Formicarid&aelig;</i>. The cuckoo shrikes of the East
Indies and Australia are Oscines of the family
<i>Campephagid&aelig;</i>. The drongo shrikes of the same regions
belong to the related family <i>Dicrurid&aelig;</i>. See
<u>Drongo</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Crow shrike</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Crow</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Shrike thrush</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any one of
several species of Asiatic timaline birds of the genera
<i>Thamnocataphus</i>, <i>Gampsorhynchus</i>, and allies</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Any one of several species of shrikelike
Australian singing birds of the genus <i>Colluricincla</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Shrike tit</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any one of
several Australian birds of the genus <i>Falcunculus</i>, having a
strong toothed bill and sharp claws. They creep over the bark of
trees, like titmice, in search of insects.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>Any one of several species of small Asiatic birds belonging to
<i>Allotrius</i>, <i>Pteruthius</i>, <i>Cutia</i>, <i>Leioptila</i>,
and allied genera, related to the true tits. Called also <i>hill
tit</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Swallow shrike</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Swallow</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shrill</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Shriller</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Shrillest</u>.] [OE. <i>shril</i>,
<i>schril</i>; akin to LG. <i>schrell</i>, G. <i>schrill</i>. See
<u>Shrill</u>,<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>Acute; sharp; piercing;
having or emitting a sharp, piercing tone or sound; -- said of a
sound, or of that which produces a sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hear the <i>shrill</i> whistle which doth order
give<BR>
To sounds confused.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let winds be <i>shrill</i>, let waves roll
high.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrill</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shrill sound.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrill</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shrilled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shrilling</u>.] [OE. <i>schrillen</i>, akin to G. <i>schrillen</i>;
cf. AS. <i>scralletan</i> to resound loudly, Icel. <i>skr&ouml;lta</i>
to jolt, Sw. <i>skr&auml;lla</i> to shrill, Norw. <i>skryla</i>,
<i>skr&?;la</i>.  Cf. <u>Skirl</u>.] <def>To utter an acute, piercing
sound; to sound with a sharp, shrill tone; to become shrill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Break we our pipes, that <i>shrilled</i>loud as
lark.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No sounds were heard but of the <i>shrilling</i>
cock.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His voice <i>shrilled</i> with passion.</blockquote>
<i>L. Wallace.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrill</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To utter or express
in a shrill tone; to cause to make a shrill sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How poor Andromache <i>shrills</i> her dolors
forth.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrill"-gorged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
throat which produces a shrill note.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrill"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being shrill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shrill"-tongued`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
shrill voice.</def> "When <i>shrill-tongued</i> Fulvia scolds."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shril"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a shrill manner;
acutely; with a sharp sound or voice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shril"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat shrill.</def>
[Poetic]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some kept up a <i>shrilly</i> mellow
sound.</blockquote> <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrimp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>scrimman</i> to dry up, wither, MHG. <i>schrimpfen</i> to shrink,
G. <i>schrumpfen</i>, Dan. <i>skrumpe</i>, <i>skrumpes</i>, Da. & Sw.
<i>skrumpen</i> shriveled.  Cf. <u>Scrimp</u>, <u>Shrink</u>,
<u>Shrivel</u>.] <def>To contract; to shrink.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Shrimp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shrimp</i>; --
probably so named from its shriveled appearance. See <u>Shrimp</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any one of numerous species of macruran
Crustacea belonging to <i>Crangon</i> and various allied genera,
having a slender body and long legs. Many of them are used as food.
The larger kinds are called also <i>prawns</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Decapoda</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In a more general
sense, any species of the macruran tribe <i>Caridea</i>, or any
species of the order Schizopoda, having a similar form.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>In a loose sense, any small crustacean,
including some amphipods and even certain entomostracans; as, the
fairy <i>shrimp</i>, and brine <i>shrimp</i>. See under <u>Fairy</u>,
and <u>Brine</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1335 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively, a little wrinkled man; a
dwarf; -- in contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This weak and writhled <i>shrimp</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Opossum shrimp</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Opossum</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spector shrimp</b></col>, or
<col><b>Skeleton shrimp</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any slender
amphipod crustacean of the genus <i>Caprella</i> and allied genera.
See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>L&aelig;modopoda</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Shrimp catcher</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the little
tern (<i>Sterna minuta</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Shrimp net</b></col>,
<cd>a dredge net fixed upon a pole, or a sweep net dragged over the
fishing ground.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shrimp"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who fishes
for shrimps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shrine</hw> (shr&imacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>schrin</i>, AS. <i>scr&imacr;n</i>, from L. <i>scrinium</i> a case,
chest, box.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A case, box, or receptacle,
especially one in which are deposited sacred relics, as the bones of a
saint.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any sacred place, as an altar, tromb, or
the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Too weak the sacred <i>shrine</i> guard.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A place or object hallowed from its history
or associations; as, a <i>shrine</i> of art.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shrine</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To enshrine; to place
reverently, as in a shrine.</def> "<i>Shrined</i> in his sanctuary."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrink</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Shrank</u> (?) or <u>Shrunk</u> (?)
<pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Shrunk</u> or <u>Shrunken</u> (&?;), but
the latter is now seldom used except as a participial adjective;
<pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Shrinking</u>.] [OE.
<i>shrinken</i>, <i>schrinken</i>, AS. <i>scrincan</i>; akin to OD.
<i>schrincken</i>, and probably to Sw. <i>skrynka</i> a wrinkle,
<i>skrynkla</i> to wrinkle, to rumple, and E. <i>shrimp</i>, n. & v.,
<i>scrimp</i>. CF. <u>Shrimp</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To wrinkle,
bend, or curl; to shrivel; hence, to contract into a less extent or
compass; to gather together; to become compacted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And on a broken reed he still did stay<BR>
His feeble steps, which <i>shrunk</i> when hard thereon he
lay.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have not found that water, by mixture of ashes, will
<i>shrink</i> or draw into less room.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Against this fire do I <i>shrink</i> up.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>shrink</i> like parchment in consuming
fire.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All the boards did <i>shrink</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To withdraw or retire, as from danger; to
decline action from fear; to recoil, as in fear, horror, or
distress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What happier natures <i>shrink</i> at with
affright,<BR>
The hard inhabitant contends is right.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They assisted us against the Thebans when you
<i>shrank</i> from the task.</blockquote> <i>Jowett (Thucyd.)</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To express fear, horror, or pain by
contracting the body, or part of it; to shudder; to quake.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrink</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to contract or shrink; as, to <i>shrink</i> finnel by imersing
it in boiling water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw back; to withdraw.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Libyc Hammon <i>shrinks</i> his horn.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To shrink on</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>to fix (one
piece or part) firmly around (another) by natural contraction in
cooling, as a tire on a wheel, or a hoop upon a cannon, which is made
slightly smaller than the part it is to fit, and expanded by heat till
it can be slipped into place.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shrink</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act shrinking;
shrinkage; contraction; also, recoil; withdrawal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet almost wish, with sudden <i>shrink</i>,<BR>
That I had less to praise.</blockquote> <i>Leigh Hunt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrink"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of shrinking; a contraction into less bulk or
measurement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The amount of such contraction; the bulk or
dimension lost by shrinking, as of grain, castings, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Decrease in value; depreciation.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Shrink"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who shrinks;
one who withdraws from danger.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shrink"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Shrink</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Shrinking head</b></col> <i>(Founding)</i>, <cd>a body of
molten metal connected with a mold for the purpose of supplying metal
to compensate for the shrinkage of the casting; -- called also
<i>sinking head</i>, and <i>riser</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shrink"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a shrinking
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shriv"al*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Shrievalty.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrive</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Shrived</u> (?) or <u>Shrove</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Shriven</u> (?) or <u>Shrived</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Shriving</u>.] [OE.
<i>shriven</i>, <i>schriven</i>, AS. <i>scr&imacr;van</i> to shrive,
to impose penance or punishment; akin to OFries. <i>skr&imacr;va</i>
to impose punishment; cf. OS. bi<i>skr&imacr;ban</i> to be troubled.
Cf. <u>Shrift</u>, <u>Shrovetide</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hear
or receive the confession of; to administer confession and absolution
to; -- said of a priest as the agent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That they should <i>shrive</i> their
parishioners.</blockquote> <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Doubtless he <i>shrives</i> this woman, . . . <BR>
Else ne'er could he so long protract his speech.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Till my guilty soul be <i>shriven</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To confess, and receive absolution; -- used
reflexively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Get you to the church and <i>shrive</i>
yourself.</blockquote> <i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrive</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To receive
confessions, as a priest; to administer confession and
absolution.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shriv"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shriveled</u> (?) or <u>Shrivelled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Shriveling</u> or <u>Shrivelling</u>.] [Probably
akin to <i>shrimp</i>, <i>shrink</i>; cf. dial. AS. <i>screpa</i> to
pine away, Norw. <i>skrypa</i> to waste, <i>skryp</i>, <i>skryv</i>,
transitory, frail, Sw. <i>skr&ouml;pling</i> feeble, Dan.
<i>skr&ouml;belig</i>, Icel. <i>skrj&?;pr</i> brittle, frail.] <def>To
draw, or be drawn, into wrinkles; to shrink, and form corrugations;
as, a leaf <i>shriveles</i> in the hot sun; the skin <i>shrivels</i>
with age; -- often with <i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shriv"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to
shrivel or contract; to cause to shrink onto corruptions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shriv"en</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Shrive</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shriv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who shrives; a
confessor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shriv"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Shrift;
confession.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shroff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>sarr&amacr;f</i>.] <def>A banker, or changer of money.</def> [East
Indies]</p>

<p><hw>Shroff"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The examination
of coins, and the separation of the good from the debased.</def> [East
Indies]</p>

<p><hw>Shrood</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Shroud</u>.]
[Written also <i>shroud</i>, and <i>shrowd</i>.] <def>To trim; to
lop.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shroud</hw> (shroud), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shroud</i>,
<i>shrud</i>, <i>schrud</i>, AS. <i>scr&umacr;d</i> a garment,
clothing; akin to Icel.  <i>skru&eth;</i> the shrouds of a ship,
furniture of a church, a kind of stuff, Sw. <i>skrud</i> dress,
attire, and E. <i>shred</i>. See <u>Shred</u>, and cf. <u>Shrood</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which clothes, covers, conceals, or
protects; a garment.</def>  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Swaddled, as new born, in sable
<i>shrouds</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, the dress for the dead; a
winding sheet.</def> "A dead man in his <i>shroud</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which covers or shelters like a
shroud.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Jura answers through her misty
<i>shroud</i>.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A covered place used as a retreat or
shelter, as a cave or den; also, a vault or crypt.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>shroud</i> to which he won<BR>
His fair-eyed oxen.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A vault, or <i>shroud</i>, as under a
church.</blockquote> <i>Withals.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The branching top of a tree; foliage.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Assyrian wad a cedar in Lebanon, with fair branches
and with a shadowing <i>shroad</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. xxxi.
3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A set of ropes
serving as stays to support the masts. The lower shrouds are secured
to the sides of vessels by heavy iron bolts and are passed around the
head of the lower masts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>One of the two annular
plates at the periphery of a water wheel, which form the sides of the
buckets; a shroud plate.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bowsprit shrouds</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>ropes
extending from the head of the bowsprit to the sides of the
vessel.</cd> -- <col><b>Futtock shrouds</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>iron rods connecting the topmast rigging with the lower rigging,
passing over the edge of the top.</cd> -- <col><b>Shroud
plate</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>An iron plate
extending from the dead-eyes to the ship's side</cd>. <i>Ham. Nav.
Encyc.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mach.)</i> <cd>A shroud. See def.
7, above.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shroud</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shrouded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shrouding</u>.] [Cf. AS. <i>scr&?;dan</i>. See <u>Shroud</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover with a shroud;
especially, to inclose in a winding sheet; to dress for the
grave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ancient Egyptian mummies were <i>shrouded</i> in a
number of folds of linen besmeared with gums.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover, as with a shroud; to protect
completely; to cover so as to conceal; to hide; to veil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One of these trees, with all his young ones, may
<i>shroud</i> four hundred horsemen.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some tempest rise,<BR>
And blow out all the stars that light the skies,<BR>
To <i>shroud</i> my shame.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shroud</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take shelter or
harbor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If your stray attendance be yet lodged,<BR>
Or <i>shroud</i> within these limits.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shroud</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lop. See
<u>Shrood</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shroud"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Provided with a
shroud or shrouds.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Shrouded gear</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a cogwheel or
pinion having flanges which form closed ends to the spaces between the
teeth and thus strengthen the teeth by tying them together.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shroud"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The shrouds. See
<u>Shroud</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 7.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shroud"-laid`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Composed of
four strands, and laid right-handed with a heart, or center; -- said
of rope. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Cordage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shroud"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
shroud.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shroud"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affording
shelter.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrove</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Shrive</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Shrove Sunday</b></col>, <cd>Quinguagesima Sunday.</cd> --
<col><b>Shrove Tuesday</b></col>, <cd>the Tuesday following
Quinguagesima Sunday, and preceding the first day of Lent, or Ash
Wednesday.</cd> It was formerly customary in England, on this day, for
the people to confess their sins to their parish priests, after which
they dined on pancakes, or fritters, and the occasion became one of
merriment. The bell rung on this day is popularly called <i>Pancake
Bell</i>, and the day itself <i>Pancake Tuesday</i>. <i>P.
Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrove</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To join in the
festivities of Shrovetide; hence, to make merry.</def> [Obs.]  <i>J.
Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrove"tide`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>shrive</i>
to take a confession (OE. imp. <i>shrof</i>, AS. <i>scr&amacr;f</i>) +
<i>tide</i>.] <def>The days immediately preceding Ash Widnesday,
especially the period between the evening before Quinguagesima Sunday
and the morning of Ash Wednesday.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shrov"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The festivity of
Shrovetide.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Shrow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shrew.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrowd</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shrood</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shrub</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>shirb</i>,
<i>shurb</i>, a drink, beverage, fr. <i>shariba</i> to drink.  Cf.
<u>Sirup</u>, <u>Sherbet</u>.] <def>A liquor composed of vegetable
acid, especially lemon juice, and sugar, with spirit to preserve
it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shrub</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>schrob</i>, AS.
<i>scrob</i>, <i>scrobb</i>; akin to Norw. <i>skrubba</i> the dwarf
cornel tree.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A woody plant of less size than a
tree, and usually with several stems from the same root.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shrub</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lop; to
prune.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Anderson (1573).</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrub"ber*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Shrubberies</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
collection of shrubs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place where shrubs are planted.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrub"bi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being shrubby.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shrub"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Shrubbier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Shrubbiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of shrubs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of the nature of a shrub; resembling a
shrub.</def> "<i>Shrubby</i> browse."  <i>J. Philips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrub"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>having no
shrubs.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shruff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Scruff</u>,
<u>Scurf</u>.] <def>Rubbish. Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> Dross
or refuse of metals. [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> Light, dry wood, or
stuff used for fuel.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shrug</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shrugged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shrugging</u> (?).] [Probably akin to <i>shrink</i>, p. p.
<i>shrunk</i>; cf. Dan. <i>skrugge</i>, <i>skrukke</i>, to stoop,
dial. Sw. <i>skrukka</i>, <i>skruga</i>, to crouch.] <def>To draw up
or contract (the shoulders), especially by way of expressing dislike,
dread, doubt, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>shrugs</i> his shoulders when you talk of
securities.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrug</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To raise or draw up
the shoulders, as in expressing dislike, dread, doubt, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They grin, they <i>shrug</i>.<BR>
They bow, they snarl, they snatch, they hug.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrug</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A drawing up of the
shoulders, -- a motion usually expressing dislike, dread, or
doubt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Spaniards talk in dialogues<BR>
Of heads and shoulders, nods and <i>shrugs</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrunk"en</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p. & a.</i></pos> from
<u>Shrink</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shuck</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shock of
grain.</def> [Prev.Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shuck</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps akin to G.
<i>shote</i> a husk, pod, shell.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A shell,
husk, or pod; especially, the outer covering of such nuts as the
hickory nut, butternut, peanut, and chestnut.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The shell of an oyster or clam.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Shuck</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shucked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shucking</u>.] <def>To deprive of the shucks or husks; as, to
<i>shuck</i> walnuts, Indian corn, oysters, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shuck"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who shucks
oysters or clams</def></p>

<p><hw>Shud"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shuddered</u> (?);<pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shuddering</u>.] [OE. <i>shoderen</i>, <i>schuderen</i>; akin to
LG. <i>schuddern</i>, D. <i>schudden</i> to shake, OS.
<i>skuddian</i>, G. <i>schaudern</i> to shudder, <i>sch&uuml;tteln</i>
to shake, <i>sch&uuml;tten</i> to pour, to shed, OHG. <i>scutten</i>,
<i>scuten</i>, to shake.] <def>To tremble or shake with fear, horrer,
or aversion; to shiver with cold; to quake.</def> "With
<i>shuddering</i> horror pale."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>shuddering</i> tennant of the frigid
zone.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shud"der</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of shuddering,
as with fear.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shud"der*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
shuddering manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The husks and other
refuse of rice mills, used to adulterate oil cake, or linseed
cake.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shuf"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shuffled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shuffling</u> (?).] [Originally the same word as <i>scuffle</i>,
and properly a freq. of <i>shove</i>. See <u>Shove</u>, and
<u>Scuffle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shove one way and the
other; to push from one to another; as, to <i>shuffle</i> money from
hand to hand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mix by pushing or shoving; to confuse;
to throw into disorder; especially, to change the relative positions
of, as of the cards in a pack.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man may <i>shuffle</i> cards or rattle dice from noon
to midnight without tracing a new idea in his mind.</blockquote>
<i>Rombler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To remove or introduce by artificial
confusion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was contrived by your enemies, and <i>shuffled</i>
into the papers that were seizen.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To shuffe off</b></col>, <cd>to push off; to rid one's self
of.</cd> -- <col><b>To shuffe up</b></col>, <cd>to throw together in
hastel to make up or form in confusion or with fraudulent disorder;
as, he <i>shuffled up</i> a peace.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shuf"fle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To change the relative position of cards in a pack; as, to
<i>shuffle</i> and cut.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To change one's position; to shift ground;
to evade questions; to resort to equivocation; to
prevaricate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I myself, . . . hiding mine honor in my necessity, am
fain to <i>shuffle</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To use arts or expedients; to make
shift.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your life, good master,<BR>
Must <i>shuffle</i> for itself.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To move in a slovenly, dragging manner; to
drag or scrape the feet in walking or dancing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The aged creature came<BR>
<i>Shuffling</i> along with ivory-headed wand.</blockquote>
<i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To equivicate; prevaricate; quibble; cavil; shift;
sophisticate; juggle.</p>

<p><hw>Shuf"fle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of shuffling; a mixing confusedly; a slovenly, dragging
motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The unguided agitation and rude <i>shuffles</i> of
matter.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A trick; an artifice; an evasion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The gifts of nature are beyond all shame and
<i>shuffles</i>.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shuf"fle*board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shovelboard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shuf"fle*cap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A play
performed by shaking money in a hat or cap.</def> [R.]
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shuf"fler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who shuffles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Either one of the three
common American scaup ducks. See <i>Scaup duck</i>, under
<u>Scaup</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shuf"fle*wing`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The hedg sparrow.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shuf"fling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Moving with a dragging, scraping step.</def> "A <i>shuffling</i>
nag."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Evasive; as, a <i>shuffling</i>
excuse.</def>  <i>T. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shuf"fling</hw>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos> <def>In a shuffling
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shug</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Shrug</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To writhe the body so as to produce friction
against one's clothes, as do those who have the itch.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to crawl; to sneak.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There I 'll <i>shug</i> in and get a noble
countenance.</blockquote> <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shu"mac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Sumac.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shun</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shunned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shunning</u>.] [OE. <i>shunien</i>, <i>schunien</i>,
<i>schonien</i>, AS. <i>scunian</i>, <i>sceonian</i>; cf. D.
<i>schuinen</i> to slepe, <i>schuin</i> oblique, sloping, Icel.
<i>skunda</i>, <i>skynda</i>, to hasten.  Cf. <u>Schooner</u>,
<u>Scoundrel</u>, <u>Shunt</u>.] <def>To avoid; to keep clear of; to
get out of the way of; to escape from; to eschew; as, to <i>shun</i>
rocks, shoals, vice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am pure from the blood of all men. For I have not
shunned to declare unto you all the counsel of God.</blockquote>
<i>Acts xx. 26,27.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Scarcity and want shall <i>shun</i> you.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Avoid</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Shun"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not to be shunned;
inevitable; unavoidable.</def> [R.] "<i>Shunless</i> destiny."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1336 !></p>

<p><hw>Shunt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shunted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shunting</u>.] [Prov. E., to move from, to put off, fr. OE.
<i>shunten</i>, <i>schunten</i>, <i>schounten</i>; cf. D.
<i>schuinte</i> a slant, slope, Icel. <i>skunda</i> to hasten.  Cf.
<u>Shun</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shun; to move from.</def>
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to move suddenly; to give a sudden
start to; to shove.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To turn off to one side; especially, to
turn off, as a grain or a car upon a side track; to switch off; to
shift.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For <i>shunting</i> your late partner on to
me.</blockquote> <i>T. Hughes.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>To provide with a shunt; as,
to <i>shunt</i> a galvanometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shunt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To go aside; to
turn off.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shunt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>schuinte</i> slant,
slope, declivity. See <u>Shunt</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Railroad)</i> <def>A turning off to a side or
short track, that the principal track may be left free.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A conducting circuit joining
two points in a conductor, or the terminals of a galvanometer or
dynamo, so as to form a parallel or derived circuit through which a
portion of the current may pass, for the purpose of regulating the
amount passing in the main circuit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gunnery)</i> <def>The shifting of the studs
on a projectile from the deep to the shallow sides of the grooves in
its discharge from a shunt gun.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Shunt dynamo</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>a dynamo in
which the field circuit is connected with the main circuit so as to
form a shunt to the letter, thus employing a portion of the current
from the armature to maintain the field.</cd> -- <col><b>Shunt
gun</b></col>, <cd>a firearm having shunt rifling. See under
<u>Rifling</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shunt"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Railroad)</i>
<def>A person employed to shunt cars from one track to
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shut</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shut</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shutting</u>.] [OE. <i>shutten</i>, <i>schutten</i>,
<i>shetten</i>, <i>schitten</i>, AS. <i>scyttan</i> to shut or lock up
(akin to D. <i>schutten</i>, G. <i>sch&uuml;tzen</i> to protect),
properly, to fasten with a bolt or bar <i>shot</i> across, fr. AS.
<i>sce&oacute;tan</i> to shoot. &radic;159. See <u>Shoot</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To close so as to hinder ingress or egress;
as, to <i>shut</i> a door or a gate; to <i>shut</i> one's eyes or
mouth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To forbid entrance into; to prohibit; to
bar; as, to <i>shut</i> the ports of a country by a
blockade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shall that be <i>shut</i> to man which to the beast<BR>
Is open?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To preclude; to exclude; to bar out.</def>
"<i>Shut</i> from every shore."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To fold together; to close over, as the
fingers; to close by bringing the parts together; as, to <i>shut</i>
the hand; to <i>shut</i> a book.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To shut in</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To inclose;
to confine</cd>. "The Lord <i>shut</i> him <i>in</i>." <i>Cen. vii.
16.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To cover or intercept the view of; as,
one point <i>shuts in</i> another.</cd> -- <col><b>To shut
off</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To exclude</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To prevent the passage of, as steam through a
pipe, or water through a flume, by closing a cock, valve, or
gate.</cd> -- <col><b>To shut out</b></col>, <cd>to preclude from
entering; to deny admission to; to exclude; as, <i>to shut out</i>
rain by a tight roof.</cd> -- <col><b>To shut together</b></col>,
<cd>to unite; to close, especially to close by welding.</cd> --
<col><b>To shut up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To close; to
make fast the entrances into; as, <i>to shut up</i> a house.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To obstruct</cd>. "Dangerous rocks <i>shut
up</i> the passage." <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To
inclose; to confine; to imprison; to fasten in; as, <i>to shut up</i>
a prisoner.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Before faith came, we were kept under the law, <i>shut
up</i> unto the faith which should afterwards be
revealed.</blockquote> <i>Gal. iii. 23.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To end; to terminate; to conclude</cd>.</p>

<p><blockquote>When the scene of life is <i>shut up</i>, the slave
will be above his master if he has acted better.</blockquote>
<i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>To unite, as two pieces of metal by
welding.</cd> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <cd>To cause to become silent by
authority, argument, or force</cd>.
</p>

<p><hw>Shut</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To close itself; to
become closed; as, the door <i>shuts</i>; it <i>shuts</i>
hard.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To shut up</b></col>, <cd>to cease speaking.</cd> [Colloq.]
<i>T. Hughes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shut</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Closed
or fastened; as, a <i>shut</i> door.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rid; clear; free; as, to get <i>shut</i> of
a person.</def> [Now dialectical or local, Eng. & U.S.]
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Phon.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Formed
by complete closure of the mouth passage, and with the nose passage
remaining closed; stopped, as are the mute consonants, <i>p</i>,
<i>t</i>, <i>k</i>, <i>b</i>, <i>d</i>, and hard <i>g</i>.</def> <i>H.
Sweet.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Cut off sharply and abruptly by a
following consonant in the same syllable, as the English short vowels,
&abreve;, &ebreve;, &ibreve;, &obreve;, &ubreve;, always
are.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shut</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or time of
shutting; close; as, the <i>shut</i> of a door.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Just then returned at <i>shut</i> of evening
flowers.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A door or cover; a shutter.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The line or place where two pieces of metal
are united by welding.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cold shut</b></col>, <cd>the imperfection in a casting
caused by the flowing of liquid metal upon partially chilled metal;
also, the imperfect weld in a forging caused by the inadequate heat of
one surface under working.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shute</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Chute</u>,
or <u>Shoot</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shut"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who shuts or closes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A movable cover or screen for a window,
designed to shut out the light, to obstruct the view, or to be of some
strength as a defense; a blind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A removable cover, or a gate, for closing
an aperture of any kind, as for closing the passageway for molten iron
from a ladle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shut"tered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with
shutters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shut"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Also <i>shittle</i>,
OE. <i>schitel</i>, <i>scytyl</i>, <i>schetyl</i>; cf. OE.
<i>schitel</i> a bolt of a door, AS. <i>scyttes</i>; all from AS.
<i>sce&oacute;tan</i> to shoot; akin to Dan. <i>skyttel</i>,
<i>skytte</i>, shuttle, dial. Sw. <i>skyttel</i>, <i>sk&ouml;ttel</i>.
&radic;159. See <u>Shoot</u>, and cf. <u>Shittle</u>,
<u>Skittles</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An instrument used in
weaving for passing or shooting the thread of the woof from one side
of the cloth to the other between the threads of the warp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like <i>shuttles</i> through the loom, so swiftly
glide<BR>
My feathered hours.</blockquote> <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sliding thread holder in a sewing
machine, which carries the lower thread through a loop of the upper
thread, to make a lock stitch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A shutter, as for a channel for molten
metal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><col><b>Shuttle box</b></col> <i>(Weaving)</i>, <cd>a case at the
end of a shuttle race, to receive the shuttle after it has passed the
thread of the warp; also, one of a set of compartments containing
shuttles with different colored threads, which are passed back and
forth in a certain order, according to the pattern of the cloth
woven.</cd> -- <col><b>Shutten race</b></col>, <cd>a sort of shelf in
a loom, beneath the warp, along which the shuttle passes; a channel or
guide along which the shuttle passes in a sewing machine.</cd> --
<col><b>Shuttle shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
numerous species of marine gastropods of the genus <i>Volva</i>, or
<i>Radius</i>, having a smooth, spindle-shaped shell prolonged into a
channel at each end.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shut"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To move
backwards and forwards, like a shuttle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I had to fly far and wide, <i>shutting</i> athwart the
big Babel, wherever his calls and pauses had to be.</blockquote>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shut"tle*cock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cork stuck
with feathers, which is to be struck by a battledoor in play; also,
the play itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shut"tle*cock</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To send or
toss to and fro; to bandy; as, to <i>shuttlecock</i> words.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shut"tle*cork`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shuttlecock</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shut"tle*wise`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Back and
forth, like the movement of a shuttle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shwan"-pan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Schwan-
pan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shy</hw> (sh&imacr;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Shier</u> (-&etilde;r) or <u>Shyer</u>;
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Shiest</u> or <u>Shyest</u>.] [OE.
<i>schey</i>, <i>skey</i>, <i>sceouh</i>, AS. <i>sce&oacute;h</i>;
akin to Dan. <i>sky</i>, Sw. <i>skygg</i>, D. <i>schuw</i>, MHG.
<i>schiech</i>, G. <i>scheu</i>, OHG. <i>sciuhen</i> to be or make
timid.  Cf. <u>Eschew</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Easily frightened;
timid; as, a <i>shy</i> bird.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The horses of the army . . . were no longer <i>shy</i>,
but would come up to my very feet without starting.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Reserved; coy; disinclined to familiar
approach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What makes you so <i>shy</i>, my good friend? There's
nobody loves you better than I.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The embarrassed look of <i>shy</i> distress<BR>
And maidenly shamefacedness.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Cautious; wary; suspicious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am very <i>shy</i> of using corrosive liquors in the
preparation of medicines.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Princes are, by wisdom of state, somewhat <i>shy</i> of
thier successors.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To fight shy</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Fight</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Shy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shying</u>.] [From <u>Shy</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To start
suddenly aside through fright or suspicion; -- said especially of
horses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To throw sidewise with a
jerk; to fling; as, to <i>shy</i> a stone; to <i>shy</i> a
slipper.</def>  <i>T. Hughes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sudden
start aside, as by a horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A side throw; a throw; a fling.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If Lord Brougham gets a stone in his hand, he must, it
seems, have a <i>shy</i> at somebody.</blockquote> <i>Punch.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shy"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a shy or timid
manner; not familiarly; with reserve.</def> [Written also
<i>shily</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Shy"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being shy.</def> [Written also <i>shiness</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Frequency in heavenly contemplation is particularly
important to prevent a <i>shyness</i> bewtween God and thy
soul.</blockquote> <i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Bashfulness; reserve; coyness; timidity; diffidence.
See <u>Bashfulness</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Shy"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. from G.
<i>scheisse</i> excrement.] <def>A trickish knave; one who carries on
any business, especially legal business, in a mean and dishonest
way.</def> [Slang, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Si</hw> (?). [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A syllable applied, in
solmization, to the note B; more recently, to the seventh tone of any
major diatonic scale. It was added to Guido's scale by Le Maire about
the end of the 17th century.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si*a"ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The ahu, or jairou.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*al"o*gogue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>si`alon</grk> saliva + &?;&?;&?;&?; leading, from &?;&?;&?; to
lead: cf. F. <i>sialagogue</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An agent which
promotes the flow of saliva.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si"a*mang`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malay
<i>si&amacr;mang</i>.] <i>(Zool.)</i> <def>A gibbon (<i>Hylobates
syndactylus</i>), native of Sumatra. It has the second and third toes
partially united by a web.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si`a*mese"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Siam, its native people, or their language.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si`a*mese`</hw>, <pos><i>n. sing. & pl.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A native or inhabitant of Siam; <i>pl.</i>,
the people of Siam.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>sing.</i> <def>The language of the
Siamese.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sib</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sibb</i> alliance,
<i>gesib</i> a relative. &radic;289. See <u>Gossip</u>.] <def>A blood
relation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Nash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sib</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Related by blood;
akin.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your kindred is but . . . little <i>sib</i> to
you.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] is no fairy birn, ne <i>sib</i> at all<BR>
To elfs, but sprung of seed terrestrial.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sib"bens</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A contagious disease, endemic in Scotland,
resembling the yaws. It is marked by ulceration of the throat and nose
and by pustules and soft fungous excrescences upon the surface of the
body. In the Orkneys the name is applied to the itch.</def> [Written
also <i>sivvens</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Si*be"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<i>Siberia</i>, Russ. <i>Sibire</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
Siberia, a region comprising all northern Asia and belonging to
Russia; as, a <i>Siberian</i> winter.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A native or inhabitant of Siberia.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Siberian crab</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the Siberian
crab apple. See <i>Crab apple</i>, under <u>Crab</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Siberian dog</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of a large
breed of dogs having erect ears and the hair of the body and tail very
long. It is distinguished for endurance of fatigue when used for the
purpose of draught.</cd> -- <col><b>Siberian pea tree</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a small leguminous tree (<i>Cragana
arborescens</i>) with yellow flowers. It is a native of
Siberia.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sib"i*lance</hw> (?), <hw>Sib"i*lan*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of being sibilant;
sibilation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Milton would not have avoided them for their
<i>sibilancy</i>, he who wrote . . . verses that hiss like Medusa's
head in wrath.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sib"i*lant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sibilans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>sibilare</i> to hiss: cf. F.
<i>sibilant</i>.] <def>Making a hissing sound; uttered with a hissing
sound; hissing; as, <i>s</i>, <i>z</i>, <i>sh</i>, and <i>zh</i>, are
<i>sibilant</i> elementary sounds.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A sibiliant letter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sib"i*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos> <def>To
pronounce with a hissing sound, like that of the letter <i>s</i>; to
mark with a character indicating such pronunciation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sib`i*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sibilatio</i>.] <def>Utterance with a hissing sound; also, the
sound itself; a hiss.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He, with a long, low <i>sibilation</i>,
stared.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sib"i*la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hissing;
sibilant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sib"i*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sibilus</i>.]
<def>Having a hissing sound; hissing; sibilant.</def> [R.]
<i>Pennant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sib"yl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sibylla</i>, Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Class. Antiq.)</i> <def>A woman
supposed to be endowed with a spirit of prophecy.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The number of the sibyls is variously stated by different
authors; but the opinion of Varro, that there were ten, is generally
adopted. They dwelt in various parts of Persia, Greece, and Italy.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A female fortune teller; a pythoness; a
prophetess.</def> "An old highland <i>sibyl</i>."  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sib"yl*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who believes in
a sibyl or the sibylline prophecies.</def>  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sib"yl*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sibyllinus</i>.] <def>Pertaining to the sibyls; uttered, written,
or composed by sibyls; like the productions of sibyls.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sibylline books</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Rom.
Antiq.)</i> <cd>Books or documents of prophecies in verse concerning
the fate of the Roman empire, said to have been purchased by Tarquin
the Proud from a sibyl.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Certain Jewish
and early Christian writings purporting to have been prophetic and of
sibylline origin. They date from 100 <u>b. c.</u> to <u>a. d.</u>
500.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Such.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sic</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>Thus.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word is sometimes inserted in a quotation [<i>sic</i>],
to call attention to the fact that some remarkable or inaccurate
expression, misspelling, or the like, is literally reproduced.</p>

<p><hw>Sic"a*more</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Sycamore</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sic"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>sikka</i>.]
<def>A seal; a coining die; -- used adjectively to designate the
silver currency of the Mogul emperors, or the Indian rupee of 192
grains.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sicca rupee</b></col>, <cd>an East Indian coin, valued
nominally at about two shillings sterling, or fifty cents.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sic"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>siccatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>siccare</i> to dry, fr. <i>siecus</i> dry.] <def>To
dry.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sic*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>siccatio</i>.] <def>The act or process of drying.</def> [R.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sic"ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>siccativus</i>.] <def>Drying; causing to dry.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which promotes drying.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sic*cif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L. <i>siccificus</i>;
<i>siccus</i> dry + <i>facere</i> to make. See <u>-fy</u>.]
<def>Causing dryness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sic"ci*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>siccitas</i>,
fr. <i>siccus</i> dry.] <def>Dryness; aridity; destitution of
moisture.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>siccity</i> and dryness of its
flesh.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>six</i>, fr. L.
<i>sex</i> six.  See <u>Six</u>.] <def>The number six at
dice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sicera</i>. See
<u>Cider</u>.] <def>A strong drink; cider.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sich</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Such.</def> [Obs. or
Colloq.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si*cil"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Sicily or its inhabitants.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sicilian vespers</b></col>, <cd>the great massacre of the
French in Sicily, in the year 1282, on the evening of Easter Monday,
at the hour of vespers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Si*cil"i*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or
inhabitant of Sicily.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si*ci`li*a"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., Sicilian.]
<def>A Sicilian dance, resembling the pastorale, set to a rather slow
and graceful melody in 12-8 or 6-8 measure; also, the music to the
dance.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si`ci`lienne"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fem. of
<i>sicilien</i> Sicilian.] <def>A kind of rich poplin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sick</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Sicker</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sickest</u>.] [OE.
<i>sek</i>, <i>sik</i>, ill, AS. <i>se&oacute;c</i>; akin to OS.
<i>siok</i>, <i>seoc</i>, OFries. <i>siak</i>, D. <i>ziek</i>, G.
<i>siech</i>, OHG. <i>sioh</i>, Icel. <i>sj&?;kr</i>, Sw. <i>sjuk</i>,
Dan. <i>syg</i>, Goth. <i>siuks</i> ill, <i>siukan</i> to be ill.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Affected with disease of any kind; ill;
indisposed; not in health. See the Synonym under
<u>Illness</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Simon's wife's mother lay <i>sick</i> of a
fever.</blockquote> <i>Mark i. 30.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Behold them that are <i>sick</i> with
famine.</blockquote> <i>Jer. xiv. 18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affected with, or attended by, nausea;
inclined to vomit; as, <i>sick</i> at the stomach; a <i>sick</i>
headache.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having a strong dislike; disgusted;
surfeited; -- with <i>of</i>; as, to be <i>sick</i> of
flattery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was not so <i>sick</i> of his master as of his
work.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Corrupted; imperfect; impaired;
weakned.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So great is his antipathy against episcopacy, that, if
a seraphim himself should be a bishop, he would either find or make
some <i>sick</i> feathers in his wings.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sick bay</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>an apartment in a
vessel, used as the ship's hospital.</cd> -- <col><b>Sick
bed</b></col>, <cd>the bed upon which a person lies sick.</cd> --
<col><b>Sick berth</b></col>, <cd>an apartment for the sick in a ship
of war.</cd> -- <col><b>Sick headache</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a
variety of headache attended with disorder of the stomach and
nausea.</cd> -- <col><b>Sick list</b></col>, <cd>a list containing the
names of the sick.</cd> -- <col><b>Sick room</b></col>, <cd>a room in
which a person lies sick, or to which he is confined by sickness.</cd>
[These terms, <i>sick bed</i>, <i>sick berth</i>, etc., are also
written both hyphened and solid.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Diseased; ill; disordered; distempered; indisposed;
weak; ailing; feeble; morbid.</p>

<p><hw>Sick</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sickness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sick</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fall sick; to
sicken.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sick"-brained`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disordered
in the brain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sick"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sickened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sickening</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make sick; to
disease.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Raise this strength, and <i>sicken</i> that to
death.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make qualmish; to nauseate; to disgust;
as, to <i>sicken</i> the stomach.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To impair; to weaken.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sick"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To become sick; to fall into disease.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The judges that sat upon the jail, and those that
attended, <i>sickened</i> upon it and died.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be filled to disgust; to be disgusted or
nauseated; to be filled with abhorrence or aversion; to be surfeited
or satiated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mine eyes did <i>sicken</i> at the sight.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1337 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To become disgusting or tedious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The toiling pleasure <i>sickens</i> into
pain.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To become weak; to decay; to
languish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All pleasures <i>sicken</i>, and all glories
sink.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sick"en*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing
sickness; specif., causing surfeit or disgust; nauseating.</def> --
<wf>Sick"en*ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sick"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sicerian</i>.] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>To percolate, trickle, or ooze,
as water through a crack.</def> [Also written <i>sigger</i>,
<i>zigger</i>, and <i>zifhyr</i>.] [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sick"er</hw>, <hw>Sik"er</hw>  }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>siker</i>; cf. OS. <i>sikur</i>, LG. <i>seker</i>, D. <i>zeker</i>,
Dan. <i>sikker</i>, OHG. <i>sihhur</i>, G. <i>sicher</i>; all fr. L.
<i>securus</i>. See <u>Secure</u>, <u>Sure</u>.] <def>Sure; certain;
trusty.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When he is <i>siker</i> of his good name.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sick"er</hw>, <hw>Sik"er</hw>  }, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Surely; certainly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Believe this as <i>siker</i> as your
creed.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sicker</i>, Willye, thou warnest well.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sick"er*ly</hw>, <hw>Sik"er*ly</hw>  },
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Surely; securely.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But <i>sikerly</i>, withouten any fable.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sick"er*ness</hw>, <hw>Sik"er*ness</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of being sicker, or
certain.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sick"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Somewhat sick or diseased.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Somewhat sickening; as, a <i>sickish</i>
taste.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sick"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sick"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sic"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sikel</i>, AS.
<i>sicol</i>; akin to D. <i>sikkel</i>, G. <i>sichel</i>, OHG.
<i>sihhila</i>, Dan. <i>segel</i>, <i>segl</i>, L. <i>secula</i>, fr.
<i>secare</i> to cut; or perhaps from L. <i>secula</i>. See <u>Saw</u>
a cutting instrument.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A reaping instrument
consisting of a steel blade curved into the form of a hook, and having
a handle fitted on a tang. The sickle has one side of the blade
notched, so as always to sharpen with a serrated edge.  Cf. <i>Reaping
hook</i>, under <u>Reap</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When corn has once felt the <i>sickle</i>, it has no
more benefit from the sunshine.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A group of stars in the
constellation Leo. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Leo</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sickle pod</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of rock
cress (<i>Arabis Canadensis</i>) having very long curved
pods.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sic"kle*bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any one of three species
of humming birds of the genus <i>Eutoxeres</i>, native of Central and
South America. They have a long and strongly curved bill. Called also
the <i>sickle-billed hummer</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
curlew.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A bird of the genus
<i>Epimachus</i> and allied genera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sic"kled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with a
sickle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sic"kle*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sicklemen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who uses a sickle; a
reaper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You sunburned <i>sicklemen</i>, of August
weary.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sic"kler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who uses a
sickle; a sickleman; a reaper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sick"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
sickness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Give me long breath, young beds, and <i>sickless</i>
ease.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sic"kle*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sicolwyrt</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A plant of
the genus <i>Coronilla</i> (<i>C. scorpioides</i>); -- so named from
its curved pods.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The healall
(<i>Brunella vulgaris</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sick"lied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made sickly. See
<u>Sickly</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Sick"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sickly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sick"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sicklier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sickliest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Somewhat sick; disposed to illness; attended with disease; as, a
<i>sickly</i> body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This physic but prolongs thy <i>sickly</i>
days.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Producing, or tending to, disease; as, a
<i>sickly</i> autumn; a <i>sickly</i> climate.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Appearing as if sick; weak; languid;
pale.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The moon grows <i>sickly</i> at the sight of
day.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor torrid summer's <i>sickly</i> smile.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Tending to produce nausea; sickening; as, a
<i>sickly</i> smell; <i>sickly</i> sentimentality.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Diseased; ailing; infirm; weakly; unhealthy;
healthless; weak; feeble; languid; faint.</p>

<p><hw>Sick"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sick manner or
condition; ill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My people <i>sickly</i> [with ill will] beareth our
marriage.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sick"ly</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make sick or
sickly; -- with <i>over</i>, and probably only in the past
participle.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sicklied</i> o'er with the pale cast of
thought.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sentiments <i>sicklied</i> over . . . with that cloying
heaviness into which unvaried sweetness is too apt to
subside.</blockquote> <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sick"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>se&oacute;cness</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state
of being sick or diseased; illness; sisease or malady.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I do lament the <i>sickness</i> of the
king.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Trust not too much your now resistless charms;<BR>
Those, age or <i>sickness</i> soon or late disarms.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Nausea; qualmishness; as, <i>sickness</i>
of stomach.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Illness; disease; malady. See <u>Illness</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Si"cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>silcus</i>, Heb. <i>shegel</i>. See <u>Shekel</u>.] <def>A
shekel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The holy mother brought five <i>sicles</i> and a pair
of turtledoves to redeem the Lamb of God.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Si"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;
a kind of plant.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of malvaceous plants
common in the tropics. All the species are mucilaginous, and some have
tough ligneous fibers which are used as a substitute for hemp and
flax.</def>  <i>Balfour (Cyc. of India).</i></p>

<p><hw>Sid"dow</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Soft; pulpy.</def>
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Side</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>s&imacr;de</i>;
akin to D. <i>zijde</i>, G. <i>seite</i>, OHG. <i>s&imacr;ta</i>,
Icel. <i>s&imacr;&?;a</i>, Dan. <i>side</i>, Sw. <i>sida</i>; cf. AS.
<i>s&imacr;d</i> large, spacious, Icel. <i>s&imacr;&?;r</i> long,
hanging.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The margin, edge, verge, or border
of a surface; especially (when the thing spoken of is somewhat oblong
in shape), one of the longer edges as distinguished from the shorter
edges, called <i>ends</i>; a bounding line of a geometrical figure;
as, the <i>side</i> of a field, of a square or triangle, of a river,
of a road, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any outer portion of a thing considered
apart from, and yet in relation to, the rest; as, the upper
<i>side</i> of a sphere; also, any part or position viewed as opposite
to or contrasted with another; as, this or that <i>side</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>Looking round on every <i>side</i> beheld<BR>
A pathless desert.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the halves of
the body, of an animals or man, on either side of the mesial plane; or
that which pertains to such a half; as, a <i>side</i> of beef; a
<i>side</i> of sole leather.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The right
or left part of the wall or trunk of the body; as, a pain in the
<i>side</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One of the soldiers with a spear pierced his
<i>side</i>.</blockquote> <i>John xix. 34.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A slope or declivity, as of a hill,
considered as opposed to another slope over the ridge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Along the <i>side</i> of yon small hill.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The position of a person or party regarded
as opposed to another person or party, whether as a rival or a foe; a
body of advocates or partisans; a party; hence, the interest or cause
which one maintains against another; a doctrine or view opposed to
another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God on our <i>side</i>, doubt not of
victory.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We have not always been of the . . . same <i>side</i>
in politics.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sets the passions on the <i>side</i> of
truth.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A line of descent traced through one parent
as distinguished from that traced through another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To sit upon thy father David's throne,<BR>
By mother's <i>side</i> thy father.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Aspect or part regarded as contrasted
with some other; as, the bright <i>side</i> of poverty.</def></p>

<p><col><b>By the side of</b></col>, <cd>close at hand; near to.</cd>
-- <col><b>Exterior side</b></col>. <i>(Fort.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Exterior</u>, and <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Ravelin</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Interior side</b></col> <i>(Fort.)</i>, <cd>the line drawn
from the center of one bastion to that of the next, or the line
curtain produced to the two oblique radii in front.</cd> <i>H. L.
Scott.</i> -- <col><b>Side by side</b></col>, <cd>close together and
abreast; in company or along with.</cd> -- <col><b>To choose
sides</b></col>, <cd>to select those who shall compete, as in a game,
on either side.</cd> -- <col><b>To take sides</b></col>, <cd>to attach
one's self to, or give assistance to, one of two opposing sides or
parties.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Side</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to a side, or the sides; being on the side, or toward
the side; lateral.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One mighty squadron with a <i>side</i> wind
sped.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, indirect; oblique; collateral;
incidental; as, a <i>side</i> issue; a <i>side</i> view or
remark.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The law hath no <i>side</i> respect to their
persons.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [AS. <i>s&imacr;d</i>. Cf <u>Side</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Long; large; extensive.</def> [Obs. or
Scot.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His gown had <i>side</i> sleeves down to mid
leg.</blockquote> <i>Laneham.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Side action</b></col>, <cd>in breech-loading firearms, a
mechanism for operating the breech block, which is moved by a lever
that turns sidewise.</cd> -- <col><b>Side arms</b></col>, <cd>weapons
worn at the side, as sword, bayonet, pistols, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Side ax</b></col>, <cd>an ax of which the handle is bent to
one side.</cd> -- <col><b>Side-bar rule</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law.)</i>,
<cd>a rule authorized by the courts to be granted by their officers as
a matter of course, without formal application being made to them in
open court; -- so called because anciently moved for by the attorneys
at <i>side bar</i>, that is, informally.</cd> <i>Burril.</i> --
<col><b>Side box</b></col>, <cd>a box or inclosed seat on the side of
a theater.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>To insure a <i>side-box</i> station at half
price.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Side chain</b></col>, <cd>one of two safety chains
connecting a tender with a locomotive, at the sides.</cd> --
<col><b>Side cut</b></col>, <cd>a canal or road branching out from the
main one.</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>Side dish</b></col>, <cd>one of the
dishes subordinate to the main course.</cd> -- <col><b>Side
glance</b></col>, <cd>a glance or brief look to one side.</cd> --
<col><b>Side hook</b></col> <i>(Carp.)</i>, <cd>a notched piece of
wood for clamping a board to something, as a bench.</cd> --
<col><b>Side lever</b></col>, <cd> a working beam of a side-lever
engine.</cd> -- <col><b>Side-lever engine</b></col>, <cd>a marine
steam engine having a working beam of each side of the cylinder, near
the bottom of the engine, communicating motion to a crank that is
above them.</cd> -- <col><b>Side pipe</b></col> <i>(Steam Engine)</i>,
<cd>a steam or exhaust pipe connecting the upper and lower steam
chests of the cylinder of a beam engine.</cd> -- <col><b>Side
plane</b></col>, <cd>a plane in which the cutting edge of the iron is
at the side of the stock.</cd> -- <col><b>Side posts</b></col>
<i>(Carp.)</i>, <cd>posts in a truss, usually placed in pairs, each
post set at the same distance from the middle of the truss, for
supporting the principal rafters, hanging the tiebeam, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Side rod</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>One of the rods
which connect the piston-rod crosshead with the side levers, in a
side-lever engine.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>See <i>Parallel
rod</i>, under <u>Parallel</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Side screw</b></col>
<i>(Firearms)</i>, <cd>one of the screws by which the lock is secured
to the side of a firearm stock.</cd> -- <col><b>Side table</b></col>,
<cd>a table placed either against the wall or aside from the principal
table.</cd> -- <col><b>Side tool</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a
cutting tool, used in a lathe or planer, having the cutting edge at
the side instead of at the point.</cd> -- <col><b>Side wind</b></col>,
<cd>a wind from one side; hence, an indirect attack, or indirect
means.</cd> <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Side</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sided</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.& vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Siding</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lean on one side.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To embrace the opinions of one party, or
engage in its interest, in opposition to another party; to take sides;
as, to <i>side</i> with the ministerial party.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All <i>side</i> in parties, and begin the
attack.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Side</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be or stand at the side of; to be on the side toward.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His blind eye that <i>sided</i> Paridell.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To suit; to pair; to match.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>To work (a timber or
rib) to a certain thickness by trimming the sides.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with a siding; as, to
<i>side</i> a house.</def></p>

<p><hw>Side"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A piece of
dining-room furniture having compartments and shelves for keeping or
displaying articles of table service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At a stately <i>sideboard</i>, by the wine,<BR>
That fragrant smell diffused.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Side"bone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A
morbid growth or deposit of bony matter and at the sides of the
coronet and coffin bone of a horse.</def>  <i>J. H. Walsh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sid"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having (such or so
many) sides; -- used in composition; as, one-<i>sided</i>; many-
<i>sided</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Side"hill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The side or
slope of a hill; sloping ground; a descent.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Side"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>sideling</i>, fr. <i>side</i> side. See <u>Side</u>, and cf.
<u>Sidelong</u>, <u>Headlong</u>.] <def>Sidelong; on the side;
laterally; also, obliquely; askew.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A fellow nailed up maps . . . some <i>sideling</i>, and
others upside down.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Side"ling</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclining to one
side; directed toward one side; sloping; inclined; as, <i>sideling</i>
ground.</def></p>

<p><hw>Side"long`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sideling</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Laterally; obliquely; in the direction of the side.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>On the side; as, to lay a thing
<i>sidelong</i>.</def> [See <u>Sideling</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> ]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Side"long`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lateral; oblique;
not being directly in front; as, a <i>sidelong</i> glance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bashful virgin's <i>sidelong</i> looks of
love.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Side"piece`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Joinery)</i>
<def>The jamb, or cheek, of an opening in a wall, as of door or
window.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sid"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who takes a
side.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Cider.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sid"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sideralis</i>.
See <u>Sidereal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to the
stars.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>Affecting unfavorably by
the supposed influence of the stars; baleful.</def> "<i>Sideral</i>
blast."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sid"er*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sideratus</i>, p. p. of <i>siderari</i> to be blasted by a
constellation, fr. <i>sidus</i>, <i>sideris</i>, a constellation.]
<def>Planet-struck; blasted.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sid`er*a"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sideratio</i>.]
<def>The state of being siderated, or planet-struck; esp., blast in
plants; also, a sudden and apparently causeless stroke of disease, as
in apoplexy or paralysis.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si*de"re*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sidereus</i>,
from <i>sidus</i>, <i>sideris</i>, a constellation, a star.  Cf.
<u>Sideral</u>, <u>Consider</u>, <u>Desire</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Relating to the stars; starry; astral; as, <i>sidereal</i>
astronomy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Measuring by the apparent
motion of the stars; designated, marked out, or accompanied, by a
return to the same position in respect to the stars; as, the
<i>sidereal</i> revolution of a planet; a <i>sidereal</i>
day.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sidereal clock</b></col>, <col><b>day</b></col>,
<col><b>month</b></col>, <col><b>year</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Clock</u>, <u>Day</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Sideral time</b></col>,
<cd>time as reckoned by sideral days, or, taking the sidereal day as
the unit, the time elapsed since a transit of the vernal equinox,
reckoned in parts of a sidereal day. This is, strictly, <i>apparent
sidereal time</i>, <i>mean sidereal time</i> being reckoned from the
transit, not of the <i>true</i>, but of the <i>mean</i>, equinoctial
point.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Si*de"re*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
elevate to the stars, or to the region of the stars; to
etherealize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>German literature transformed, <i>siderealized</i>, as
we see it in Goethe, reckons Winckelmann among its
initiators.</blockquote> <i>W. Pater.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si*de"re*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sidereus</i>.] <def>Sidereal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sid"er*ite</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sideritis</i>
loadstone, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;&?;, of iron, from &?;&?;&?;&?;
iron.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Carbonate of iron, an important ore of iron occuring generally in
cleavable masses, but also in rhombohedral crystals. It is of a light
yellowish brown color. Called also <i>sparry iron</i>, <i>spathic
iron</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A meteorite consisting solely
of metallic iron.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An indigo-blue
variety of quartz.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Formerly, magnetic
iron ore, or loadstone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the genus
<i>Sideritis</i>; ironwort.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sid`er*o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sid`er*o*graph"ic*al</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to siderography;
executed by engraved plates of steel; as, <i>siderographic</i> art;
<i>siderographic</i> impressions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sid`er*og"ra*phist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
skilled in siderography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sid`er*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
iron + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>The art or practice of steel engraving;
especially, the process, invented by Perkins, of multiplying
facsimiles of an engraved steel plate by first rolling over it, when
hardened, a soft steel cylinder, and then rolling the cylinder, when
hardened, over a soft steel plate, which thus becomes a facsimile of
the original. The process has been superseded by
<i>electrotypy</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sid"er*o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
iron + <i>-lite</i>.] <def>A kind of meteorite. See under
<u>Meteorite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sid"er*o*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
iron + <i>-mancy</i>.] <def>Divination by burning straws on red-hot
iron, and noting the manner of their burning.</def>  <i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sid"er*o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
iron + <i>-scope</i>.] <def>An instrument for detecting small
quantities of iron in any substance by means of a very delicate
combination of magnetic needles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sid`e*ro"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?; iron.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A sort of pneumonia occuring in
iron workers, produced by the inhalation of particles of
iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sid"er*o*stat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sidus</i>,
<i>sideris</i>, a star + Gr. &?;&?;&?; standing, fixed, fr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; to place.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>An apparatus consisting
essentially of a mirror moved by clockwork so as to throw the rays of
the sun or a star in a fixed direction; -- a more general term for
<i>heliostat</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sid`e*rox"y*lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?; iron + &?;&?;&?; wood.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
tropical sapotaceous trees noted for their very hard wood;
ironwood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Side"sad`dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A saddle for
women, in which the rider sits with both feet on one side of the
animal mounted.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sidesaddle flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant with
hollow leaves and curiously shaped flowers; -- called also
<i>huntsman's cup</i>. See <u>Sarracenia</u>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1338 !></p>

<p><hw>Sides"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sidesmen</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A party man;
a partisan.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An assistant to the churchwarden; a
questman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Side"-tak`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A taking
sides, as with a party, sect, or faction.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Side"walk`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A walk for foot
passengers at the side of a street or road; a foot pavement.</def>
[U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Side"ways`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the
side; sidewise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A second refraction made <i>sideways</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His beard, a good palm's length, at least, . . . <BR>
Shot <i>sideways</i>, like a swallow's wings.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Side"-wheel`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a paddle
wheel on each side; -- said of steam vessels; as, a <i>side-wheel</i>
steamer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Side"wind`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See Horned rattler, under
<u>Horned</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A heavy swinging blow from the side, which
disables an adversary.</def> [Slang.]
<hw>Side"wise`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>On or toward one
side; laterally; sideways.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I saw them mask their awful glance<BR>
<i>Sidewise</i> meek in gossamer lids.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sid"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Attaching one's self to a party.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A side track, as a railroad; a
turnout.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>The covering of the outside
wall of a frame house, whether made of weatherboards, vertical
boarding with cleats, shingles, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>The thickness of a
rib or timber, measured, at right angles with its side, across the
curved edge; as, a timber having a <i>siding</i> of ten
inches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sidled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sidling</u> (?).] [From <u>Side</u>.] <def>To go or move with one
side foremost; to move sidewise; as, to <i>sidle</i> through a crowd
or narrow opening.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . then <i>sidled</i> close to the astonished
girl.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Siege</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sege</i>, OF.
<i>siege</i>, F. <i>si&egrave;ge</i> a seat, a siege; cf. It.
<i>seggia</i>, <i>seggio</i>, <i>zedio</i>, a seat, <i>asseggio</i>,
<i>assedio</i>, a siege, F. <i>assi&eacute;ger</i> to besiege, It. &
LL. <i>assediare</i>, L. <i>obsidium</i> a siege, besieging; all
ultimately fr. L. <i>sedere</i> to sit. See <u>Sit</u>, and cf.
<u>See</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A seat;
especially, a royal seat; a throne.</def> [Obs.] "Upon the very
<i>siege</i> of justice."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A stately <i>siege</i> of sovereign majesty,<BR>
And thereon sat a woman gorgeous gay.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In our great hall there stood a vacant chair . . . <BR>
And Merlin called it "The <i>siege</i> perilous."</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, place or situation; seat.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ah! traitorous eyes, come out of your shameless
<i>siege</i> forever.</blockquote> <i>Painter (Palace of
Pleasure).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Rank; grade; station; estimation.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I fetch my life and being<BR>
From men of royal <i>siege</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Passage of excrements; stool; fecal
matter.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>siege</i> of this mooncalf.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The sitting of an army around or before a
fortified place for the purpose of compelling the garrison to
surrender; the surrounding or investing of a place by an army, and
approaching it by passages and advanced works, which cover the
besiegers from the enemy's fire. See the Note under
<u>Blockade</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a continued attempt to gain
possession.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Love stood the <i>siege</i>, and would not yield his
breast.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The floor of a glass-furnace.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A workman's bench.</def>
<i>Knught.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Siege gun</b></col>, <cd>a heavy gun for siege
operations.</cd> -- <col><b>Siege train</b></col>, <cd>artillery
adapted for attacking fortified places.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Siege</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To besiege; to
beset.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Through all the dangers that can <i>siege</i><BR>
The life of man.</blockquote> <i>Buron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Siege"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A temporary
fort or parallel where siege guns are mounted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sie"mens-Mar`tin proc"ess</hw> (?). <def>See <i>Open-hearth
process</i>, etc., under <u>Open</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"e*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See
<u>Syenite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si`e*nit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Syenitic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*en"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>terra di
Siena</i>, fr. <i>Siena</i> in Italy.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Clay that
is colored red or brown by the oxides of iron or manganese, and used
as a pigment. It is used either in the raw state or burnt.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Burnt sienna</b></col>, <cd>sienna made of a much redder
color by the action of fire.</cd> -- <col><b>Raw sienna</b></col>,
<cd>sienna in its natural state, of a transparent yellowish brown
color.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Si`en*nese"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Sienna, a city of Italy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si*er"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., properly, a
saw, fr. L. <i>serra</i> a saw. See <u>Serrate</u>.] <def>A ridge of
mountain and craggy rocks, with a serrated or irregular outline; as,
the <i>Sierra</i> Nevada.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wild <i>sierra</i> overhead.</blockquote>
<i>Whitter.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Si*es"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., probably fr. L.
<i>sessitare</i> to sit much or long, v. freq. of <i>sedere</i>,
<i>sessum</i>, to sit. See <u>Sit</u>.] <def>A short sleep taken about
the middle of the day, or after dinner; a midday nap.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sieur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., abbrev. from
seigneur.  Cf. <u>Monsieur</u>, <u>Seignior</u>.] <def>Sir; -- a title
of respect used by the French.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sie"va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
small variety of the Lima bean (<i>Phaseolus lunatus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sieve</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sive</i>, AS.
<i>sife</i>; akin to D. <i>zeef</i>, <i>zift</i>, OHG. <i>sib</i>, G.
<i>sieb</i>. &radic;151<i>a</i>.  Cf. <u>Sift</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A utensil for separating the finer and coarser parts of a
pulverized or granulated substance from each other. It consist of a
vessel, usually shallow, with the bottom perforated, or made of hair,
wire, or the like, woven in meshes.</def> "In a <i>sieve</i> thrown
and sifted."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of coarse basket.</def>
<i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sieve cells</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>cribriform cells.
See under <u>Cribriform</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Si"fac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The white indris of Madagascar. It is regarded by the natives as
sacred.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sif"fle*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., a whistling or
hissing.] <def>The act of whistling or hissing; a whistling sound;
sibilation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>A. Brewer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sif"i*let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>siflet</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The six-shafted bird of
paradise. See <i>Paradise bird</i>, under <u>Paradise</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sift</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sifted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sifting</u>.] [AS. <i>siftan</i>, from <i>sife</i> sieve.
&radic;151<i>a</i>.  See <u>Sieve</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
separate with a sieve, as the fine part of a substance from the
coarse; as, to <i>sift</i> meal or flour; to <i>sift</i> powder; to
<i>sift</i> sand or lime.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To separate or part as if with a
sieve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When yellow sands are <i>sifted</i> from below,<BR>
The glittering billows give a golden show.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To examine critically or minutely; to
scrutinize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sifting</i> the very utmost sentence and
syllable.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Opportunity I here have had<BR>
To try thee, <i>sift</i> thee.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let him but narrowly <i>sift</i> his
ideas.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To sift out</b></col>, <cd>to search out with care, as if
by sifting.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sift"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, sifts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any lamellirostral
bird, as a duck or goose; -- so called because it sifts or strains its
food from the water and mud by means of the lamell&?; of the
beak.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to AS.
<i>s&imacr;gan</i> to fall. &radic;151<i>a.</i> <i>See</i>
<u>Sink</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Urine.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Si*gaul"ti*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Surg.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to <i>Sigault</i>, a French physician. See
<u>Symphyseotomy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig"ger</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>Same as</def>
<u>Sicker</u>. [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sigh</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sighed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sighing</u>.] [OE. <i>sighen</i>, <i>si&?;en</i>; cf. also OE.
<i>siken</i>, AS. <i>s&imacr;can</i>, and OE. <i>sighten</i>,
<i>si&?;ten</i>, <i>sichten</i>, AS. <i>siccettan</i>; all, perhaps,
of imitative origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To inhale a larger
quantity of air than usual, and immediately expel it; to make a deep
single audible respiration, especially as the result or involuntary
expression of fatigue, exhaustion, grief, sorrow, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to lament; to grieve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>sighed</i> deeply in his spirit.</blockquote>
<i>Mark viii. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make a sound like sighing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the coming wind did roar more loud,<BR>
And the sails did <i>sigh</i> like sedge.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The winter winds are wearily
<i>sighing</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p>&fist; An extraordinary pronunciation of this word as
<i>s&imacr;th</i> is still heard in England and among the illiterate
in the United States.</p>

<p><hw>Sigh</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
exhale (the breath) in sighs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Never man <i>sighed</i> truer breath.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter sighs over; to lament or mourn
over.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ages to come, and men unborn,<BR>
Shall bless her name, and <i>sigh</i> her fate.</blockquote>
<i>Pior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To express by sighs; to utter in or with
sighs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . <i>sighed</i> forth proverbs.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The gentle swain . . . <i>sighs</i> back her
grief.</blockquote> <i>Hoole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sigh</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sigh</i>; cf. OE.
<i>sik</i>. See <u>Sigh</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A deep and prolonged audible inspiration or
respiration of air, as when fatigued or grieved; the act of
sighing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I could drive the boat with my
<i>sighs</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively, a manifestation of grief; a
lan&?;ent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With their <i>sighs</i> the air<BR>
Frequenting, sent from hearts contrite.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sigh"-born`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sorrowful;
mournful.</def> [R.] "<i>Sigh-born</i> thoughts."  <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sigh"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
sighs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sigh"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Uttering sighs;
grieving; lamenting.</def> "<i>Sighing</i> millions." <i>Cowper.</i> -
- <wf>Sigh"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sight</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sight</i>,
<i>si&?;t</i>, <i>siht</i>, AS. <i>siht</i>, ge<i>siht</i>,
ge<i>sih&?;</i>, ge<i>sieh&?;</i>, ge<i>syh&?;</i>; akin to D.
ge<i>zicht</i>, G. <i>sicht</i>, ge<i>sicht</i>, Dan. <i>sigte</i>,
Sw. <i>sigt</i>, from the root of E. <i>see</i>. See <u>See</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of seeing;
perception of objects by the eye; view; as, to gain <i>sight</i> of
land.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A cloud received him out of their
<i>sight</i>.</blockquote> <i>Acts. i. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The power of seeing; the faculty of vision,
or of perceiving objects by the instrumentality of the eyes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy <i>sight</i> is young,<BR>
And thou shalt read when mine begin to dazzle.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O loss of <i>sight</i>, of thee I most
complain!</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of admitting unobstructed vision;
visibility; open view; region which the eye at one time surveys; space
through which the power of vision extends; as, an object within
<i>sight</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A spectacle; a view; a show; something
worth seeing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Moses said, I will now turn aside and see this great
<i>sight</i>, why the bush is not burnt.</blockquote> <i>Ex. iii.
3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They never saw a <i>sight</i> so fair.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The instrument of seeing; the
eye.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why cloud they not their <i>sights</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Inspection; examination; as, a letter
intended for the <i>sight</i> of only one person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Mental view; opinion; judgment; as, in
their <i>sight</i> it was harmless.</def>  <i>Wake.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That which is highly esteemed among men is abomination
in the <i>sight</i> of God.</blockquote> <i>Luke xvi. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A small aperture through which objects are
to be seen, and by which their direction is settled or ascertained;
as, the <i>sight</i> of a quadrant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thier eyes of fire sparking through <i>sights</i> of
steel.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A small piece of metal, fixed or movable,
on the breech, muzzle, center, or trunnion of a gun, or on the breech
and the muzzle of a rifle, pistol, etc., by means of which the eye is
guided in aiming.</def>  <i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>In a drawing, picture, etc., that part of
the surface, as of paper or canvas, which is within the frame or the
border or margin. In a frame or the like, the open space, the
opening.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>A great number, quantity, or sum; as, a
<i>sight</i> of money.</def> [Now colloquial]</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sight</i> in this last sense was formerly employed in the
best usage. "A <i>sight</i> of lawyers."  <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A wonder <i>sight</i> of flowers.</blockquote>
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><col><b>At sight</b></col>, <cd>as soon as seen, or presented to
sight; as, a draft payable <i>at sight</i>: to read Greek <i>at
sight</i>; to shoot a person <i>at sight</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Front
sight</b></col> <i>(Firearms)</i>, <cd>the sioht nearost the
ouzzle.</cd> -- <col><b>Open sight</b></col>. <i>(Firearms)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A front sight through which the objects aimed
at may be seen, in distinction from one that hides the object</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A rear sight having an open notch instead of
an aperture.</cd> -- <col><b>Peep sight</b></col>, <col><b>Rear
sight</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Peep</u>, and <u>Rear</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sight draft</b></col>, <cd>an order, or bill of exchange,
directing the payment of money at sight.</cd> -- <col><b>To take
sight</b></col>, <cd>to take aim; to look for the purpose of directing
a piece of artillery, or the like.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Vision; view; show; spectacle; representation;
exhibition.</p>

<p><hw>Sight</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sighted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sighting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To get sight of; to see; as,
to <i>sight</i> land; to <i>sight</i> a wreck.</def>  <i>Kane.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To look at through a sight; to see
accurately; as, to <i>sight</i> an object, as a star.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To apply sights to; to adjust the sights
of; also, to give the proper elevation and direction to by means of a
sight; as, to <i>sight</i> a rifle or a cannon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sight</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To take
aim by a sight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sight"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having sight, or
seeing, in a particular manner; -- used in composition; as, long-
<i>sighted</i>, short-<i>sighted</i>, quick-<i>sighted</i>, sharp-
<i>sighted</i>, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sight"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Easily or clearly
seen; distinctly visible; perspicuous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Testament of
Love.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sight"ful*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being sightful; perspicuity.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sight"-hole`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hole for
looking through; a peephole.</def> "Stop all <i>sight-holes</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sight"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Sight</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Sighting shot</b></col>, <cd>a shot made to ascertain
whether the sights of a firearm are properly adjusted; a trial
shot.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sight"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Wanting sight; without sight; blind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of all who blindly creep or <i>sightless</i>
soar.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That can not be seen; invisible.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sightless</i> couriers of the air.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Offensive or unpleasing to the eye;
unsightly; as, <i>sightless</i> stains.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sight"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>-
<wf>Sight"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sight"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being sightly; comeliness; conspicuousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sight"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pleasing to the sight; comely.</def> "Many brave, <i>sightly</i>
horses."  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Open to sight; conspicuous; as, a house
stands in a <i>sightly</i> place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sight"proof`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Undiscoverable
to sight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hidden in their own <i>sightproof</i>
bush.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sight"-see`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Engaged in,
or given to, seeing sights; eager for novelties or
curiosities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sight"-see`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
seeing sights; eagerness for novelties or curiosities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sight"-se`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One given to
seeing sights or noted things, or eager for novelties or
curiosities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sight"-shot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Distance to
which the sight can reach or be thrown.</def> [R.]  <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sights"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sightsmen</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>One who reads or
performs music readily at first sight.</def> [R.]
  <i>Busby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sig"il</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sigillum</i>. See
<u>Seal</u> a stamp.] <def>A seal; a signature.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Of talismans and <i>sigils</i> knew the
power.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sig`il*la"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., from
<i>sigillum</i> a seal. See <u>Sigil</u>.] <i>(Rom. Antic.)</i>
<def>Little images or figures of earthenware exposed for sale, or
given as presents, on the last two days of the Saturnalia; hence, the
last two, or the sixth and seventh, days of the Saturnalia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sig`il*la"ri*a</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fem sing. fr.
L. <i>sigillum</i> a seal.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of fossil
trees principally found in the coal formation; -- so named from the
seallike leaf scars in vertical rows on the surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig`il*la"rid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>One of an extinct family of cryptagamous trees, including the
genus <i>Sigillaria</i> and its allies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig"il*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sigillatus</i> adorned with little images.] <def>Decorated by means
of stamps; -- said of pottery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig"il*la*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sigillum</i> a seal: cf. OF. <i>sigillatif</i>.] <def>Fit to seal;
belonging to a seal; composed of wax.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Si*gil"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sigilla</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Rom. & Old Eng. Law)</i>
<def>A seal.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sig"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.] <def>The
signs, abbreviations, letters, or characters standing for words,
shorthand, etc., in ancient manuscripts, or on coins, medals,
etc.</def>  <i>W. Savage.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sig"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sigmas</b></plw> (#). [L., from Gr. &?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;.]
<def>The Greek letter &SIGMA;, &sigma;, or &sigmat; (English <i>S</i>,
or <i>s</i>). It originally had the form of the English C.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig"mo*dont</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; sigma
(&?;) + &?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;, a tooth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
one of a tribe (<i>Sigmodontes</i>) of rodents which includes all the
indigenous rats and mice of America. So called from the form of the
ridges of enamel on the crowns of the worn molars. Also used
adjectively.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sig"moid</hw> (?), <hw>Sig*moid"al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;; &?;&?;&?; sigma + &?;&?;&?; form,
likeness: cf. F. <i>sigmo&iuml;de</i>.] <def>Curved in two directions,
like the letter S, or the Greek &sigmat;.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sigmoid flexure</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the last
curve of the colon before it terminates in the rectum. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Digestive</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sigmoid
valves</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>See <i>Semilunar valves</i>,
under <u>Semilunar</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sig*moid"al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sigmoidal
manner.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1339 !></p>

<p><hw>Sign</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>signe</i>, L.
<i>signum</i>; cf. AS. <i>segen</i>, <i>segn</i>, a sign, standard,
banner, also fr. L. <i>signum</i>.  Cf. <u>Ensign</u>, <u>Resign</u>,
<u>Seal</u> a stamp, <u>Signal</u>, <u>Signet</u>.] <def>That by which
anything is made known or represented; that which furnishes evidence;
a mark; a token; an indication; a proof.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A remarkable event, considered by the
ancients as indicating the will of some deity; a prodigy; an
omen.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An event considered by the Jews
as indicating the divine will, or as manifesting an interposition of
the divine power for some special end; a miracle; a wonder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Through mighty <i>signs</i> and wonders, by the power
of the Spirit of God.</blockquote> <i>Rom. xv. 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It shall come to pass, if they will not believe thee,
neither hearken to the voice of the first <i>sign</i>, that they will
believe the voice of the latter <i>sign</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ex. iv.
8.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Something serving to indicate the
existence, or preserve the memory, of a thing; a token; a memorial; a
monument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What time the fire devoured two hundred and fifty men,
and they became a <i>sign</i>.</blockquote> <i>Num. xxvi. 10.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Any symbol or emblem which prefigures,
typifles, or represents, an idea; a type; hence, sometimes, a
picture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The holy symbols, or <i>signs</i>, are not barely
significative; but what they represent is as certainly delivered to us
as the symbols themselves.</blockquote> <i>Brerewood.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Saint George of Merry England, the <i>sign</i> of
victory.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>A word or a character regarded as the
outward manifestation of thought; as, words are the <i>sign</i> of
ideas.</def> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>A motion, an action, or a
gesture by which a thought is expressed, or a command or a wish made
known.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They made <i>signs</i> to his father, how he would have
him called.</blockquote> <i>Luke i. 62.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <def>Hence, one of the gestures of pantomime,
or of a language of a signs such as those used by the North American
Indians, or those used by the deaf and dumb.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Educaters of the deaf distinguish between <i>natural
signs</i>, which serve for communicating ideas, and <i>methodical</i>,
or <i>systematic</i>, <i>signs</i>, adapted for the dictation, or the
rendering, of written language, word by word; and thus the
<i>signs</i> are to be distinguished from the <i>manual alphabet</i>,
by which words are spelled on the fingers.</p>

<p><sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <def>A military emblem carried on a banner or a
standard.</def> <i>Milton.</i> <sd><i>(i)</i></sd> <def>A lettered
board, or other conspicuous notice, placed upon or before a building,
room, shop, or office to advertise the business there transacted, or
the name of the person or firm carrying it on; a publicly displayed
token or notice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The shops were, therefore, distinguished by painted
<i>signs</i>, which gave a gay and grotesque aspect to the
streets.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(j)</i></sd> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The twelfth part of the
ecliptic or zodiac.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>signs</i> are reckoned from the point of intersection
of the ecliptic and equator at the vernal equinox, and are named,
respectively, <i>Aries</i> (&Aries;), <i>Taurus</i> (&Taurus;),
<i>Gemini</i> (II), <i>Cancer</i> (&Cancer;), <i>Leo</i> (&Leo;),
<i>Virgo</i> (&Virgo;), <i>Libra</i> (&Libra;), <i>Scorpio</i>
(&Scorpio;), <i>Sagittarius</i> (&Sagittarius;), <i>Capricornus </i>
(&Capricorn;), <i>Aquarius</i> (&Aquarius;), <i>Pisces</i> (&Pisces;).
These names were originally the names of the constellations occupying
severally the divisions of the zodiac, by which they are still
retained; but, in consequence of the procession of the equinoxes, the
signs have, in process of time, become separated about 30 degrees from
these constellations, and each of the latter now lies in the sign next
in advance, or to the east of the one which bears its name, as the
constellation Aries in the sign Taurus, etc.</p>

<p><sd><i>(k)</i></sd> <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>A character indicating the
relation of quantities, or an operation performed upon them; as, the
<i>sign</i> + (plus); the <i>sign</i> -- (minus); the <i>sign</i> of
division &divide;, and the like.</def> <sd><i>(l)</i></sd>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>An objective evidence of disease; that is, one
appreciable by some one other than the patient.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The terms <i>symptom</i> and and <i>sign</i> are often used
synonymously; but they may be discriminated. A <i>sign</i> differs
from a <i>symptom</i> in that the latter is perceived only by the
patient himself. The term <i>sign</i> is often further restricted to
the purely local evidences of disease afforded by direct examination
of the organs involved, as distinguished from those evidence of
general disturbance afforded by observation of the temperature, pulse,
etc. In this sense it is often called <i>physical sign</i>.</p>

<p><sd><i>(m)</i></sd> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Any character, as a flat,
sharp, dot, etc.</def> <sd><i>(n)</i></sd> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>That
which, being external, stands for, or signifies, something internal or
spiritual; -- a term used in the Church of England in speaking of an
ordinance considered with reference to that which it
represents.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An outward and visible <i>sign</i> of an inward and
spiritual grace.</blockquote> <i>Bk. of Common Prayer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; See the Table of <u>Arbitrary Signs</u>, p. 1924.</p>

<p><col><b>Sign manual</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Eng.
Law)</i> <cd>The royal signature superscribed at the top of bills of
grants and letter patent, which are then sealed with the privy signet
or great seal, as the case may be, to complete their validity</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The signature of one's name in one's own
handwriting.</cd> <i>Craig. Tomlins. Wharton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Token; mark; note; symptom; indication; signal;
symbol; type; omen; prognostic; presage; manifestation. See
<u>Emblem</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sign</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Signed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Signing</u>.] [OE. <i>seinen</i> to bless, originally, to make the
sign of the cross over; in this sense fr. ASS. <i>segnian</i> (from
<i>segn</i>, n.), or OF. <i>seignier</i>, F. <i>signer</i>, to mark,
to sign (in sense 3), fr. L. <i>signare</i> to mark, set a mark upon,
from <i>signum</i>. See <u>Sign</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To represent by a sign; to make known in a
typical or emblematic manner, in distinction from speech; to
signify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>signed</i> to Browne to make his
retreat.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a sign upon; to mark with a
sign.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We receive this child into the congregation of Christ's
flock, and do <i>sign</i> him with the sign of the cross.</blockquote>
<i>Bk. of Com Prayer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To affix a signature to; to ratify by hand
or seal; to subscribe in one's own handwriting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Inquire the Jew's house out, give him this deed,<BR>
And let him <i>sign</i> it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To assign or convey formally; -- used with
<i>away</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To mark; to make distinguishable.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sign</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be a sign or omen.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a sign or signal; to communicate
directions or intelligence by signs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To write one's name, esp. as a token of
assent, responsibility, or obligation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sign"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Suitable to be
signed; requiring signature; as, a legal document <i>signable</i> by a
particular person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL.
<i>signale</i>, fr. L. <i>signum</i>. See <u>Sign</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sign made for the
purpose of giving notice to a person of some occurence, command, or
danger; also, a sign, event, or watchword, which has been agreed upon
as the occasion of concerted action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All obeyed<BR>
The wonted <i>signal</i> and superior voice<BR>
Of this great potentate.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A token; an indication; a foreshadowing; a
sign.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The weary sun . . . <BR>
Gives <i>signal</i> of a goodly day to-morrow.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There was not the least <i>signal</i> of the calamity
to be seen.</blockquote> <i>De Foc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sig"nal</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <i>signal</i>, n.: cf.
F. <i>signal&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Noticeable;
distinguished from what is ordinary; eminent; remarkable; memorable;
as, a <i>signal</i> exploit; a <i>signal</i> service; a <i>signal</i>
act of benevolence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As <i>signal</i> now in low, dejected state<BR>
As erst in highest, behold him where he lies.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to signals, or the use of
signals in conveying information; as, a <i>signal</i> flag or
officer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The signal service</b></col>, <cd>a bureau of the
government (in the United States connected with the War Department)
organized to collect from the whole country simultaneous raports of
local meteorological conditions, upon comparison of which at the
central office, predictions concerning the weather are telegraphed to
various sections, where they are made known by signals publicly
displayed.</cd> -- <col><b>Signal station</b></col>, <cd>the place
where a signal is displayed; specifically, an observation office of
the signal service.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Eminent; remarkable; memorable; extraordinary;
notable; conspicuous.</p>

<p><hw>Sig"nal</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Signaled (&?;) or Signalled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Signaling</u> or <u>Signalling</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To communicate by signals; as, to
<i>signal</i> orders.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To notify by a signals; to make a signal or
signals to; as, to <i>signal</i> a fleet to anchor.</def>  <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sig"nal*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes
signals; one who communicates intelligence by means of
signals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig*nal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being signal or remarkable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sig"nal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Signalized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Signalizing</u> (?).] [From <u>Signal</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make signal or
eminent; to render distinguished from what is common; to
distinguish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is this passion which drives men to all the ways we
see in use of <i>signalizing</i> themselves.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To communicate with by means of a signal;
as, a ship <i>signalizes</i> its consort.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To indicate the existence, presence, or
fact of, by a signal; as, to <i>signalize</i> the arrival of a
steamer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig"nal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a signal
manner; eminently.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig"nal*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-men</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A man whose business is to manage
or display signals; especially, one employed in setting the signals by
which railroad trains are run or warned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig"nal*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
signaling, or of signalizing; hence, description by peculiar,
appropriate, or characteristic marks.</def>  <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sig"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>signatus</i>, p.
p. See <u>Sign</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having definite color markings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>signatio</i>.
See <u>Sign</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Sign given;
marking.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sig"na*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>signatorius</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to a seal; used
in sealing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Signing; joining or sharing in a signature;
as, <i>signatory</i> powers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig"na*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-
ries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A signer; one who signs or subscribes; as,
a conference of <i>signatories</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig"na*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. (cf. It.
<i>signatura</i>, <i>segnatura</i>, Sp. & LL. <i>signatura</i>), from
L. <i>signare</i>, <i>signatum</i>. See <u>Sign</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sign, stamp, or mark
impressed, as by a seal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The brain, being well furnished with various traces,
<i>signatures</i>, and images.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The natural and indelible <i>signature</i> of God,
which human souls . . . are supposed to be stamped with.</blockquote>
<i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, the name of any person, written
with his own hand, employed to signify that the writing which precedes
accords with his wishes or intentions; a sign manual; an
autograph.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An outward mark by which
internal characteristics were supposed to be indicated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some plants bear a very evident <i>signature</i> of
their nature and use.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Old Med.)</i> <def>A resemblance between the
external characters of a disease and those of some physical agent, for
instance, that existing between the red skin of scarlet fever and a
red cloth; -- supposed to indicate this agent in the treatment of the
disease.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The designation of the key
(when not C major, or its relative, A minor) by means of one or more
sharps or flats at the beginning of the staff, immediately after the
clef, affecting all notes of the same letter throughout the piece or
movement. Each minor key has the same signature as its relative
major.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
letter or figure placed at the bottom of the first page of each sheet
of a book or pamphlet, as a direction to the binder in arranging and
folding the sheets.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The printed sheet
so marked, or the form from which it is printed; as, to reprint one or
more <i>signatures</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Star signatures (as A*, 1*) are the same characters, with
the addition of asterisks, used on the first pages of offcuts, as in
12mo sheets.</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>That part of a prescription
which contains the directions to the patient. It is usually prefaced
by <i>S</i> or <i>Sig.</i> (an abbreviation for the Latin
<i>signa</i>, imperative of <i>signare</i> to sign or mark).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig"na*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mark
with, or as with, a signature or signatures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig"na*tur`ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
holds to the doctrine of signatures impressed upon objects, indicative
of character or qualities.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sign"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A board, placed
on or before a shop, office, etc., on which ssome notice is given, as
the name of a firm, of a business, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sign"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who signs or
subscribes his name; as, a memorial with a hundred
<i>signers</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>signet</i> a
signet, F., a bookmark, dim. of <i>signe</i>. See <u>Sign</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Sennet</u>.] <def>A seal; especially,
in England, the seal used by the sovereign in sealing private letters
and grants that pass by bill under the sign manual; -- called also
<i>privy signet</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I had my father's <i>signet</i> in my
purse.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Signet ring</b></col>, <cd>a ring containing a signet or
private seal.</cd> -- <col><b>Writer to the signet</b></col> <i>(Scots
Law)</i>, <cd>a judicial officer who prepares warrants, writs, etc.;
originally, a clerk in the office of the secretary of state.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sig"net*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stamped or marked
with a signet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig"ni*fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L., from
<i>signum</i> sign + <i>ferre</i> to bear.] <def>Bearing signs.</def>
[Obs.] "The <i>signifer</i> sphere, or zodiac."  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sig*nif"i*cance</hw> (?), <hw>Sig*nif"i*can*cy</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>significantia</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being significant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is signified; meaning; import;
as, the <i>significance</i> of a nod, of a motion of the hand, or of a
word or expression.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Importance; moment; weight;
consequence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With this brain I must work, in order to give
<i>significancy</i> and value to the few facts which I
possess.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sig*nif"i*cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>significans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>significare</i>. See
<u>Signify</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fitted or designed to signify
or make known somethingl having a meaning; standing as a sign or
token; expressive or suggestive; as, a <i>significant</i> word or
sound; a <i>significant</i> look.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was well said of Plotinus, that the stars were
<i>significant</i>, but not efficient.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Deserving to be considered; important;
momentous; as, a <i>significant</i> event.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Significant figures</b></col> <i>(Arith.)</i>, <cd>the
figures which remain to any number, or decimal fraction, after the
ciphers at the right or left are canceled. Thus, the <i>significant
figures</i> of 25,000, or of .0025, are 25.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sig*nif"i*cant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which has
significance; a sign; a token; a symbol.</def>  <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In dumb <i>significants</i> proclaim your
thoughts.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sig*nif"i*cant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
significant manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig*nif"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>significatus</i>, p. p. of <i>significare</i>. See <u>Signify</u>.]
<i>(Logic)</i> <def>One of several things signified by a common
term.</def>  <i>Whately.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sig`ni*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>signification</i>, L. <i>significatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of signifying; a making known by signs or other
means.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>signification</i> of being pleased.</blockquote>
<i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All speaking or <i>signification</i> of one's mind
implies an act or addres of one man to another.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is signified or made known; that
meaning which a sign, character, or token is intended to convey; as,
the <i>signification</i> of words.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig*nif"i*ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>significativus</i>: cf. F. <i>significatif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Betokening or representing by an external sign.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The holy symbols or signs are not barely
<i>significative</i>.</blockquote> <i>Brerewood.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having signification or meaning; expressive
of a meaning or purpose; significant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither in the degrees of kindred they were destitute
of <i>significative</i> words.</blockquote> <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sig*nif"i*ca*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sig*nif"i*ca*tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sig"ni*fi*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>significateur</i>.] <def>One who, or that which,
signifies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In this diagram there was one <i>significator</i> which
pressed remarkably upon our astrologer's attention.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sig*nif"i*ca*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>significatorius</i>.] <def>Significant.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is significatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sig`ni*fi*ca"vit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., (he) has
signified, perf. ind. of <i>significare</i> to signify.] <i>(Eng.
Eccl. Law)</i> <def>Formerly, a writ issuing out of chancery, upon
certificate given by the ordinary, of a man's standing excommunicate
by the space of forty days, for the laying him up in prison till he
submit himself to the authority of the church.</def>
<i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sig"ni*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Signified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Signifying</u> (?).] [F. <i>signifier</i>, L. <i>significare</i>;
<i>signum</i> a sign + <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See
<u>Sign</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and <u>-fy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To show by a sign; to communicate by any conventional token, as
words, gestures, signals, or the like; to announce; to make known; to
declare; to express; as, a <i>signified</i> his desire to be
present.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I 'll to the king; and <i>signify</i> to him<BR>
That thus I have resign'd my charge to you.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The government should <i>signify</i> to the Protestants
of Ireland that want of silver is not to be remedied.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mean; to import; to denote; to
betoken.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He bade her tell him what it
<i>signified</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A tale<BR>
Told by an idiot, full of sound and fury,<BR>
<i>Signifying</i> nothing.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Signify</i> is often used impersonally; as, it
<i>signifies</i> nothing, it does not <i>signify</i>, that is, it is
of no importance.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To express; manifest; declare; utter; intimate;
betoken; denote; imply; mean.</p>

<p><hw>Sign"ior</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sir; Mr. The
English form and pronunciation for the Italian <i>Signor</i> and the
Spanish <i>Se&ntilde;or</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sign"ior*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Seigniorize</u>.] <def>To exercise dominion over; to lord it
over.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shelton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1340 !></p>

<p><hw>Sign"ior*ize</hw> (s&emacr;n"y&etilde;r*&imacr;z), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> <def>To exercise dominion; to seigniorize.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hewyt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sign"ior*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State or position
of a signior.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sign"ior*y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Seigniory</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Si*gnor"</hw> (?), <hw>||Si*gno"re</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. See <u>Seignior</u>.] <def>Sir; Mr.; -- a
title of address or respect among the Italians. Before a noun the form
is <i>Signor</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si*gno"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>Madam;
Mrs; -- a title of address or respect among the Italians.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si`gno*ri"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>Miss;
-- a title of address among the Italians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sign"post`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A post on which
a sign hangs, or on which papers are placed to give public notice of
anything.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sik</hw> (?), <hw>Sike</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Such. See <u>Such</u>.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Sike</i> fancies weren
foolerie."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sike</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>s&imacr;c</i>.  Cf.
<u>Sig</u>.] <def>A gutter; a stream, such as is usually dry in
summer.</def> [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Sike</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sick</u>.] <def>A sick
person.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sike</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To sigh.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That for his wife weepeth and <i>siketh</i>
sore.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sike</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sigh.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sik"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. & adv.</i></pos>,
<hw>Sik"er*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>, <hw>Sik"er*ness</hw>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, etc.} <def>See 2d <u>Sicker</u>,
<u>Sickerly</u>, etc.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sikhs</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Sikh</b></singw> (&?;). [Hind. <i>Sikh</i>, properly, a
disciple.] <def>A religious sect noted for warlike traits, founded in
the Punjab at the end of the 15th century.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"lage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. & v.</i></pos> <def>Short for
<u>Ensilage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sile</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Akin to Sw. <i>sila</i>
to strain, <i>sil</i> sieve, G. <i>sielen</i> to draw away or lead off
water. &radic;151<i>a.</i>  See <u>Silt</u>.] <def>To strain, as fresh
milk.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sile</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To drop; to flow; to
fall.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sile</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sieve
with fine meshes.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Filth; sediment.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sile</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>s&imacr;ld</i>
herring; akin to Sw. <i>sill</i>, Dan. <i>sild</i>.  Cf. <u>Sill</u>
the young of a herring.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young or small
herring.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Pennant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si"lence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>silentium</i>. See <u>Silent</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being silent; entire absence
of sound or noise; absolute stillness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I saw and heared; for such a numerous host<BR>
Fled not in <i>silence</i> through the frighted deep.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Forbearance from, or absence of, speech;
taciturnity; muteness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Secrecy; as, these things were transacted
in <i>silence</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The administration itself keeps a profound
<i>silence</i>.</blockquote> <i>D. Webster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The cessation of rage, agitation, or
tumilt; calmness; quiest; as, the elements were reduced to
<i>silence</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Absence of mention; oblivion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And what most merits fame, in <i>silence</i>
hid.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si"lence</hw>, <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>Be silent; --
used elliptically for <i>let there be silence</i>, or <i>keep
silence</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si"lence</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Silenced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Silencing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To compel to silence;
to cause to be still; to still; to hush.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Silence</i> that dreadful bell; it frights the
isle.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put to rest; to quiet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This would <i>silence</i> all further
opposition.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These would have <i>silenced</i> their
scruples.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To restrain from the exercise of any
function, privilege of instruction, or the like, especially from the
act of preaching; as, to <i>silence</i> a minister of the
gospel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Rev. Thomas Hooker of Chelmsford, in Essex, was
<i>silenced</i> for nonconformity.</blockquote> <i>B.
Trumbull.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cause to cease firing, as by a vigorous
cannonade; as, to <i>silence</i> the batteries of an enemy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*le"ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>Silenus</i>, the attendant of Bacchus.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus
of caryophyllaceous plants, usually covered with a viscid secretion by
which insects are caught; catchfly.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bon Sil&egrave;ne</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Sil&egrave;ne</u>,
in the Vocabulary.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Si"lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>silens</i>, <i>-
entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>silere</i> to be silent; akin to Goth. ana-
silan.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Free from sound or noise; absolutely
still; perfectly quiet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How <i>silent</i> is this town!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not speaking; indisposed to talk;
speechless; mute; taciturn; not loquacious; not talkative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ulysses, adds he, was the most eloquent and most
<i>silent</i> of men.</blockquote> <i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This new-created world, whereof in hell<BR>
Fame is not <i>silent</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Keeping at rest; inactive; calm;
undisturbed; as, the wind is <i>silent</i>.</def>  <i>Parnell. Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Pron.)</i> <def>Not pronounced; having no
sound; quiescent; as, <i>e</i> is <i>silent</i> in "fable."</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Having no effect; not operating;
inefficient.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Cause . . . <i>silent</i>, virtueless, and
dead.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Silent partner</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Dormant partner</i>,
under <u>Dormant</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Mute; taciturn; dumb; speechless; quiet; still. See
<u>Mute</u>, and <u>Taciturn</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Si"lent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is silent; a
time of silence.</def> [R.] "The <i>silent</i> of the night."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si*len"ti*a*ry</hw>
(s&isl;*l&ebreve;n"sh&ibreve;*&asl;*r&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>silentiarius</i>: cf. F. <i>silenciaire</i>. See
<u>Silence</u>.] <def>One appointed to keep silence and order in
court; also, one sworn not to divulge secrets of state.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*len"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>silentiosus</i>: cf. F. <i>silencieux</i>.] <def>Habitually silent;
taciturn; reticent.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Si"lent*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a silent
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"lent*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being
silent; silence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*le"nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Silenus</i> the
tutor and attendant of Bacchus.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Wanderoo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*le"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A kind of linen cloth, originally made in <i>Silesia</i>, a
province of Prussia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A twilled cotton fabric, used for dress
linings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*le"si*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Silesia.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or
inhabitant of Silesia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"lex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a finit, a
pebblestone.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Silica, SiO<sub>2</sub> as found in
nature, constituting quarz, and most sands and sandstones. See
<u>Silica</u>, and <u>Silicic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil`hou*ette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.; -- so called
from Etienne de <i>Silhoutte</i>, a French minister of finance in
1759, whise diversion it was to make such portraits on the walls of
his apartments.] <def>A representation of the outlines of an object
filled in with a black color; a profile portrait in black, such as a
shadow appears to be.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil`hou*ette"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To represent
by a silhouette; to project upon a background, so as to be like a
silhouette.</def> [Recent]</p>

<p><blockquote>A flock of roasting vultures <i>silhouetted</i> on the
sky.</blockquote> <i>The Century.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sil"i*ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from L.
<i>silex</i>, <i>silics</i>, a flint.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Silicon
dioxide, SiO&?;. It constitutes ordinary quartz (also opal and
tridymite), and is artifically prepared as a very fine, white,
tasteless, inodorous powder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[Cf. F.
<i>silicate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of silicic
acid.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In mineralogical chemistry the silicates include; the
<i>unisilicates</i> or <i>orthosilicates</i>, salts of orthosilicic
acid; the <i>bisilicates</i> or <i>metasilicates</i>, salts of
metasilicic acid; the <i>polysilicates</i> or <i>acid silicates</i>,
salts of the polysilicic acids; the <i>basic silicates</i> or
<i>subsilicates</i>, in which the equivalent of base is greater than
would be required to neutralize the acid; and the <i>hydrous
silicates</i>, including the zeolites and many hydrated decomposition
products.</p>

<p><hw>Sil"i*ca`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Combined or impregnated with silicon or silica; as,
<i>silicated</i> hydrogen; <i>silicated</i> rocks.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Silicated soap</b></col>, <cd>a hard soap containing
silicate of soda.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sil`i*ca*ti*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Silicification.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si*lic"e*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Silicoidea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*li"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>siliceus</i>,
fr. <i>silex</i>, <i>silicis</i>, a flint.] <def>Of or pertaining to
silica; containing silica, or partaking of its nature.</def> [Written
also <i>silisious</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Si*lic"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>silex</i>,
<i>silicis</i>, a flint: cf. F. <i>silicique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, derived from, or resembling, silica; specifically,
designating compounds of silicon; as, <i>silicic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Silicic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an amorphous
gelatinous substance, Si(HO)<sub>4</sub>, very unstable and easily
dried to silica, but forming many stable salts; -- called also
<i>orthosilicic, or normal silicic, acid</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Si*lic`i*cal*ca"re*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Consisting of silica and calcareous matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"i*cide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
binary compound of silicon, or one regarded as binary.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><col><b>Hydrogen silicide</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
colorless, spontaneously inflammable gas, SiH<sub>4</sub>, produced
artifically from silicon, and analogous to methane; -- called also
<i>silico-methane</i>, <i>silicon hydride</i>, and formerly
<i>siliciureted hydrogen</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sil`i*cif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>silex</i>, <i>silicis</i>, a flint + <i>-ferous</i>.]
<def>Producing silica; united with silica.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*lic`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Silicify</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Thae act or process of combining
or impregnating with silicon or silica; the state of being so combined
or impregnated; as, the <i>silicification</i> of wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*lic"i*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Combined or impregnated with silicon or silica, especially the
latter; as, <i>silicified</i> wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*lic"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Silicified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Silicifying</u> (?).] [L. <i>silex</i>,
<i>silicis</i>, a flint + <i>-fy</i>: cf. F. <i>silicifier</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To convert into, or to impregnate with, silica, or
with the compounds of silicon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The specimens found . . . are completely
<i>silicified</i>.</blockquote> <i>Say.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The silica may take the form of agate, chalcedony, flint,
hornstone, or crystalline quartz.</p>

<p><hw>Si*lic"i*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
converted into silica, or to be impregnated with silica.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sil`i*ci*oi"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Silicoidea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*li"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Siliceous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sil`i*ci*spon"gi*&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL. See <u>Silex</u>, and <u>Sponge</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Silicoidea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*lic"it*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Silicified.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Si*lic"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Silicon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*lic"i*u*ret`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>siliciuretted</i>.] <i>(Old. Chem.)</i> <def>Combined or
impregnated with silicon.</def> [Obsoles.]</p>

<p><col><b>Siliciureted hydrogen</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i>
<cd>Hydrogen silicide.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sil"i*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>silicula</i>,
dim. of <i>siliqua</i> a pod or husk: cf. F. <i>silicule</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A seed vessel resembling a silique, but about as
broad as it is long. See <u>Silique</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"i*co-</hw> (?). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A combining form (also
used adjectively) denoting <i>the presence of silicon</i> or <i>its
compounds</i>; as, <i>silico</i>benzoic, <i>silico</i>fluoride,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil`i*co*flu*or"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Containing, or composed of, silicon and fluorine;
especially, denoting the compounds called
<i>silicofluorides</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Silicofluoric acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a compound
of hydrofluoric acid and silicon fluoride, known only in watery
solution. It is produced by the action of silicon fluoride on water,
and is regarded as an acid, H<sub>2</sub>SiF<sub>6</sub>, and the type
and origin of the silicofluorides.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sil`i*co*flu"or*ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A fluosilicate; a salt of silicofluoric
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sil`i*coi"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Silex</u>, and <u>-oid</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive
order of Porifera, which includes those that have the skeleton
composed mainly of siliceous fibers or spicules.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"i*con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Silica</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A nonmetalic element analogous to carbon. It
always occurs combined in nature, and is artificially obtained in the
free state, usually as a dark brown amorphous powder, or as a dark
crystalline substance with a meetallic luster. Its oxide is silica, or
common quartz, and in this form, or as silicates, it is, next to
oxygen, the most abundant element of the earth's crust. Silicon is
characteristically the element of the mineral kingdom, as carbon is of
the organic world. Symbol Si. Atomic weight 28. Called also
<i>silicium</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Sil`i*co*tung"stic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, any one of a
series of double acids of silicon and tungsten, known in the free
state, and also in their salts (called
<i>silicotungstates</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si*lic"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A silicle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"i*cule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
silicle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*lic"u*lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>siliculosus</i>, fr. L. <i>silicula</i>: cf. F. <i>siliculeux</i>.
See <u>Silicle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing
silicles; pertaining to, or resembling, silicles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Full of, or consisting of, husks;
husky.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Si*lig"i*nose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L.
<i>siligineus</i>, fr. <i>siligo</i>, <i>-inis</i>, fine and very
white wheat.] <def>Made of fine wheat.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ing</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Sile</u> to strain.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Siling dish</b></col>, <cd>a colander.</cd> [Obs. or Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sil"i*qua</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Siliqu&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Silique</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Silique</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A weight of four grains; a carat; -- a term
used by jewelers, and refiners of gold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ique</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>siliqua</i> a
pod or husk, a very small weight or measure: cf. F. <i>silique</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An oblong or elongated seed vessel, consisting of
two valves with a dissepiment between, and opening by sutures at
either margin. The seeds are attached to both edges of the
dissepiment, alternately upon each side of it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"i*qui*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Silique</i> +
<i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>siliquiforme</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having
the form of a silique.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sil`i*quo"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Siliquose</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Linn&aelig;an order of plants
including those which bear siliques.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sil"i*quose`</hw> (?), <hw>Sil"i*quous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. <i>siliquosus</i>: cf.  F.
<i>siliqueux</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing siliques; as,
<i>siliquose</i> plants; pertaining to, or resembling, siliques; as,
<i>siliquose</i> capsules.</def></p>

<p><hw>Silk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>silk</i>,
<i>selk</i>, AS. <i>seolc</i>, <i>seoloc</i>; akin to Icel.
<i>silki</i>, SW. & Dan. <i>silke</i>; prob. through Slavic from an
Oriental source; cf. Lith. <i>szilkai</i>, Russ. <i>shelk'</i>, and
also L. <i>sericum</i> Seric stuff, silk.  Cf. <u>Sericeous</u>.
<u>Serge</u> a woolen stuff.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The fine, soft
thread produced by various species of caterpillars in forming the
cocoons within which the worm is inclosed during the pupa state,
especially that produced by the larv&aelig; of <i>Bombyx
mori</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, thread spun, or cloth woven, from
the above-named material.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles silk, as the filiform
styles of the female flower of maize.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Raw silk</b></col>, <cd>silk as it is wound off from the
cocoons, and before it is manufactured.</cd> -- <col><b>Silk
cotton</b></col>, <cd>a cottony substance enveloping the seeds of the
silk-cotton tree.</cd> -- <col><b>Silk-cotton tree</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name for several tropical trees of the genera
<i>Bombax</i> and <i>Eriodendron</i>, and belonging to the order
<i>Bombace&aelig;</i>. The trees grow to an immense size, and have
their seeds enveloped in a cottony substance, which is used for
stuffing cushions, but can not be spun.</cd> -- <col><b>Silk
flower</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The silk
tree</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A similar tree (<i>Calliandra
trinervia</i>) of Peru.</cd> -- <col><b>Silk fowl</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a breed of domestic fowls having silky
plumage.</cd> -- <col><b>Silk gland</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a gland which secretes the material of silk, as in spider or a
silkworm; a sericterium.</cd> -- <col><b>Silk gown</b></col>, <cd>the
distinctive robe of a barrister who has been appointed king's or
queen's counsel; hence, the counsel himself. Such a one has precedence
over mere barristers, who wear <i>stuff gowns</i>.</cd> [Eng.] --
<col><b>Silk grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of grass
(<i>Stipa comata</i>) of the Western United States, which has very
long silky awns. The name is also sometimes given to various species
of the genera <i>Aqave</i> and <i>Yucca</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Silk
moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the adult moth of any
silkworm.  See <u>Silkworm</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Silk shag</b></col>,
<cd>a coarse, rough-woven silk, like plush, but with a stiffer
nap.</cd> -- <col><b>Silk spider</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
large spider (<i>Nephila plumipes</i>), native of the Southern United
States, remarkable for the large quantity of strong silk it produces
and for the great disparity in the sizes of the sexes.</cd> --
<col><b>Silk thrower</b></col>, <col><b>Silk throwster</b></col>,
<cd>one who twists or spins silk, and prepares it for weaving.</cd>
<i>Brande & C.</i> -- <col><b>Silk tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>an Asiatic leguminous tree (<i>Albizzia Julibrissin</i>) with
finely bipinnate leaves, and large flat pods; -- so called because of
the abundant long silky stamens of its blossoms. Also called <i>silk
flower</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Silk vessel</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>Same as <i>Silk gland</i>, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Virginia
silk</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a climbing plant (<i>Periploca
Gr&aelig;ca</i>) of the Milkweed family, having a silky tuft on the
seeds. It is native in Southern Europe.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Silk"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>seolcen</i>,
<i>seolocen</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to silk;
made of, or resembling, silk; as, <i>silken</i> cloth; a <i>silken</i>
veil.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Soft; delicate; tender; smooth; as,
<i>silken</i> language.</def> "<i>Silken</i> terms precise."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Dressed in silk.</def> "A . . .
<i>silken</i> wanton."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Silk"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To render silken or
silklike.</def>  <i>Dyer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Silk"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being silky or silken; softness and
smoothness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Effeminacy; weakness.</def> [R.]
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Silk"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Silkmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A dealer in silks; a silk
mercer.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1341 !></p>

<p><hw>Silk"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Silkiness.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Silk"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any plant of the genera <i>Asclepias</i> and <i>Acerates</i>
whose seed vessels contain a long, silky down; milkweed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Silk"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>seolcwyrm</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The larva of any one of
numerous species of bombycid moths, which spins a large amount of
strong silk in constructing its cocoon before changing to a
pupa.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common species (<i>Bombyx mori</i>) feeds on the leaves
of the white mulberry tree. It is native of China, but has long been
introduced into other countries of Asia and Europe, and is reared on a
large scale. In America it is reared only to small extent. The
Ailanthus silkworm (<i>Philosamia cynthia</i>) is a much larger
species, of considerable importance, which has been introduced into
Europe and America from China. The most useful American species is the
Polyphemus. See <u>Polyphemus</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Pernyi silkworm</b></col>, <cd>the larva of the Pernyi
moth. See <u>Pernyi moth</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Silkworm gut</b></col>,
<cd>a substance prepared from the contents of the silk glands of
silkworms and used in making lines for angling. See <u>Gut</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Silkworm rot</b></col>, <cd>a disease of silkworms;
muscardine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Silk"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Silkier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Silkiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to silk; made of, or resembling, silk; silken; silklike;
as, a <i>silky</i> luster.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, soft and smooth; as, <i>silky</i>
wine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Covered with soft hairs pressed close to
the surface, as a leaf; sericeous.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Silky oak</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a lofty Australian
tree (<i>Grevillea robusta</i>) with silky tomentose lobed or incised
leaves. It furnishes a valuable timber.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sill</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sille</i>,
<i>sylle</i>, AS. <i>syl</i>, <i>syll</i>; akin to G. <i>schwelle</i>,
OHG. <i>swelli</i>, Icel. <i>syll</i>, <i>svill</i>, Sw. <i>syll</i>,
Dan. <i>syld</i>, Goth. <i>gasuljan</i> to lay a foundation, to
found.] <def>The basis or foundation of a thing; especially, a
horizontal piece, as a timber, which forms the lower member of a
frame, or supports a structure; as, the <i>sills</i> of a house, of a
bridge, of a loom, and the like.</def> Hence: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The timber or stone at the foot of a door; the threshold.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The timber or stone on which a window frame
stands; or, the lowest piece in a window frame.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The floor of a gallery or passage in a
mine.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A piece of timber across the
bottom of a canal lock for the gates to shut against.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sill course</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a horizontal
course of stone, terra cotta, or the like, built into a wall at the
level of one or more window sills, these sills often forming part of
it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sill</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Thill</u>.] <def>The
shaft or thill of a carriage.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sill</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. 4th <u>Sile</u>.] <def>A
young herring.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sil"la*bub</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <i>sile</i> to
strain, and <i>bub</i> liquor, also Prov. E. <i>sillibauk</i>.] <def>A
dish made by mixing wine or cider with milk, and thus forming a soft
curd; also, sweetened cream, flavored with wine and beaten to a stiff
froth.</def> [Written also <i>syllabub</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sil"ler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Silver.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Sil"li*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From <u>Silly</u>.]
<def>In a silly manner; foolishly.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sil"li*man*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [After Benjamin
<i>Siliman</i>, an American meneralogist.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Fibrolite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"li*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being silly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"lock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The pollock, or coalfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., a furrow.]
<i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A work raised in the middle of a wide ditch, to
defend it.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Sillier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Silliest</u>.] [OE.
<i>seely</i>, <i>sely</i>, AS. <i>s&?;lig</i>, ge<i>s&?;lig</i>,
happy, good, fr. <i>s&?;l</i>, <i>s&?;l</i>, good, happy, <i>s&?;l</i>
good fortune, happines; akin to OS. <i>s&amacr;lig</i>, a, good,
happy, D. <i>zalig</i> blessed, G. <i>selig</i>, OHG.
<i>s&amacr;l&imacr;g</i>, Icel. <i>s&?;l</i>, Sw. <i>s&auml;ll</i>,
Dan. <i>salig</i>, Goth. <i>s&?;ls</i> good, kind, and perh. also to
L. <i>sollus</i> whole, entire, Gr. &?;&?;&?;, Skr. <i>sarva</i>.  Cf.
<u>Seel</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Happy;
fortunate; blessed.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Harmless; innocent; inoffensive.</def>
[Obs.] "This <i>silly</i>, innocent Custance."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>silly</i> virgin strove him to
withstand.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>silly</i>, innocent hare murdered of a
dog.</blockquote> <i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Weak; helpless; frail.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>After long storms . . . <BR>
With which my <i>silly</i> bark was tossed sore.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>silly</i> buckets on the deck.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Rustic; plain; simple; humble.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A fourth man, in a <i>silly</i>habit.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All that did their <i>silly</i> thoughts so busy
keep.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Weak in intellect; destitute of ordinary
strength of mind; foolish; witless; simple; as, a <i>silly</i>
woman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding from want of understanding or
common judgment; characterized by weakness or folly; unwise; absurd;
stupid; as, <i>silly</i> conduct; a <i>silly</i> question.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Simple; brainless; witless; shallow; foolish;
unwise; indiscreet. See <u>Simple</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sil"ly*how</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>silly-
hew</i>; cf. AS. <i>s&aemacr;lig</i> happy, good, and
<i>h&umacr;fe</i> a cap, hood. See <u>Silly</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>A caul. See <u>Caul</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng. & Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Si"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A pit or vat for
packing away green fodder for winter use so as to exclude air and
outside moisture. See <u>Ensilage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Silt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>silte</i> gravel,
fr. <i>silen</i> to drain, E. <i>sile</i>; probably of Scand. origin;
cf. Sw. <i>sila</i>, prob. akin to AS. <i>se&oacute;n</i> to filter,
<i>s&imacr;gan</i> to fall, sink, cause to sink, G. <i>seihen</i> to
strain, to filter, OHG. <i>sihan</i>, Icel. <i>s&imacr;>a</i>, Skr.
<i>sic</i> to pour; cf. Gr. &?;&?;&?; moisture.  Cf. <u>Sig</u>,
<u>Sile</u>.] <def>Mud or fine earth deposited from running or
standing water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Silt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Silted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Silting</u>.] <def>To choke, fill, or obstruct with silt or
mud.</def></p>

<p><hw>Silt</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To flow through
crevices; to percolate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Silt"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of silt;
resembling silt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*lure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>silurus</i> a
sort of river fish, Gr. &?;&?;&?;: cf. F. <i>silure</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fish of the genus <i>Silurus</i>, as the
sheatfish; a siluroid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*lu"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>Silures</i>, a people who anciently inhabited a part of England and
Wales.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the country of the
ancient Silures; -- a term applied to the earliest of the Paleozoic
eras, and also to the strata of the era, because most plainly
developed in that country.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Silurian formation, so named by Murchison, is divided
into the <i>Upper Silurian</i> and <i>Lower Silurian</i>. The lower
part of the Lower Silurian, with some underlying beds, is now
separated under the name <i>Cambrian</i>, first given by Sedwick.
Recently the term <i>Ordovician</i> has been proposed for the Lower
Silurian, leawing the original word to apply only to the Upper
Silurian.</p>

<p><hw>Si*lu"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Silurian
age.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*lu"ri*dan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any fish of the family <i>Silurid&aelig;</i> or of the order
Siluroidei.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*lu"roid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Silurus</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Belonging to the Siluroidei, or
Nematognathi, an order of fishes including numerous species, among
which are the American catfishes and numerous allied fresh-water
species of the Old World, as the sheatfish (<i>Silurus glanis</i>) of
Europe.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A siluroid fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sil`u*roi"de*i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of fishes, the
Nematognathi.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si*lu"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Silure</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of large
malacopterygious fishes of the order Siluroidei. They inhabit the
inland waters of Europe and Asia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Silvas</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Silvae</b></plw> (&?;). [L.,
properly, a wood, forest.] [Written also <i>sylva</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The forest trees of a region or country,
considered collectively.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A description
or history of the forest trees of a country.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"van</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>silva</i>, less
correctly <i>sylva</i>, a wood or grove, perh. akin to Gr.
<grk>"y`lh</grk>; cf. L. <i>Silvanus</i> Silvanus the god of woods:
cf. F. <i>sylvain</i> silvan.  Cf. <u>Savage</u>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to woods; composed of woods or groves; woody.</def>
[Written also <i>sylvan</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Betwixt two rows of rocks, a <i>silvan</i> scene<BR>
Appears above, and groves forever green.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sil"van</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Sylvanium</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sil"van*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>See <u>Sylvanite</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sil"vas</hw> (?) or <hw>Sel"vas</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [L. <i>silva</i> a forest, Sp. <i>selva</i>.] <def>Vast
woodland plains of South America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Sylvate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>silver</i>,
<i>selver</i>, <i>seolver</i>, AS. <i>seolfor</i>, <i>siolfur</i>,
<i>siolufr</i>, <i>silofr</i>, <i>sylofr</i>; akin to OS.
<i>silubar</i>, OFries. <i>selover</i>, D. <i>zilver</i>, LG.
<i>sulver</i>, OHG. <i>silabar</i>, <i>silbar</i>, G. <i>silber</i>,
Icel. <i>silfr</i>, Sw. <i>silfver</i>, Dan. <i>s&ouml;lv</i>, Goth.
<i>silubr</i>, Russ. <i>serebro</i>, Lith. <i>sidabras</i>; of unknown
origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A soft white metallic
element, sonorous, ductile, very malleable, and capable of a high
degree of polish. It is found native, and also combined with sulphur,
arsenic, antimony, chlorine, etc., in the minerals argentite,
proustite, pyrargyrite, ceragyrite, etc.  Silver is one of the "noble"
metals, so-called, not being easily oxidized, and is used for coin,
jewelry, plate, and a great variety of articles. Symbol Ag
(<i>Argentum</i>). Atomic weight 107.7. Specific gravity
10.5.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Silver was known under the name of <i>luna</i> to the
ancients and also to the alchemists. Some of its compounds, as the
halogen salts, are remarkable for the effect of light upon them, and
are used in photography.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Coin made of silver; silver
money.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything having the luster or appearance of
silver.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The color of silver.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Silver</i> is used in the formation of many compounds of
obvious meaning; as, <i>silver</i>-armed, <i>silver</i>-bright,
<i>silver</i>-buskined, <i>silver</i>-coated, <i>silver</i>-footed,
<i>silver</i>-haired, <i>silver</i>-headed, <i>silver</i>-mantled,
<i>silver</i>-plated, <i>silver</i>-slippered, <i>silver</i>-sounding,
<i>silver</i>-studded, <i>silver</i>-tongued, <i>silver</i>-white. See
<u>Silver</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Black silver</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>stephanite; --
called also <i>brittle silver ore</i>, or <i>brittle silver
glance</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Fulminating silver</b></col>.
<i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A black crystalline substance,
Ag<sub>2</sub>O.(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>, obtained by dissolving
silver oxide in aqua ammonia. When dry it explodes violently on the
slightest percussion.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Silver fulminate, a
white crystalline substance,
Ag<sub>2</sub>C<sub>2</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, obtained by
adding alcohol to a solution of silver nitrate. When dry it is
violently explosive.</cd> -- <col><b>German silver</b></col>.
<i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See under <u>German</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Gray
silver</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i> <cd>See <u>Freieslebenite</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Horn silver</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Cerargyrite</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>King's silver</b></col>. <i>(O.
Eng. Law)</i> <cd>See <u>Postfine</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Red
silver</b></col>, or <col><b>Ruby silver</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Proustite</u>, and <u>Pyrargyrite</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Silver beater</b></col>, <cd>one who beats silver into silver
leaf or silver foil.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver glance</b></col>, or
<col><b>Vitreous silver</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Argentine</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to silver; made of silver; as, <i>silver</i> leaf; a
<i>silver</i> cup.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling silver.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Bright; resplendent; white.</def>
"<i>Silver</i> hair."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Others, on <i>silver</i> lakes and rivers, bathed<BR>
Their downy breast.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Precious; costly.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Giving a clear, ringing sound soft and
clear.</def> "<i>Silver</i> voices." <i>Spenser.</i>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Sweet; gentle; peaceful.</def> "<i>Silver</i>
slumber." <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>American silver fir</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the balsam
fir. See under <u>Balsam</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver age</b></col>
<i>(Roman Lit.)</i>, <cd>the latter part (<u>a. d.</u> 14-180) of the
classical period of Latinity, -- the time of writers of inferior
purity of language, as compared with those of the previous <i>golden
age</i>, so-called.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver-bell tree</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American shrub or small tree (<i>Halesia
tetraptera</i>) with white bell-shaped flowers in clusters or racemes;
the snowdrop tree.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver bush</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a shrubby leguminous plant (<i>Anthyllis Barba-
Jovis</i>) of Southern Europe, having silvery foliage.</cd> --
<col><b>Silver chub</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
fallfish.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver eel</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The cutlass fish.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>A pale variety of the common eel.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver
fir</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a coniferous tree (<i>Abies
pectinata</i>) found in mountainous districts in the middle and south
of Europe, where it often grows to the height of 100 or 150 feet. It
yields Burgundy pitch and Strasburg turpentine.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver
foil</b></col>, <cd>foil made of silver.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver
fox</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a variety of the common fox
(<i>Vulpes vulpes</i>, variety <i>argenteus</i>) found in the northern
parts of Asia, Europe, and America. Its fur is nearly black, with
silvery tips, and is highly valued. Called also <i>black fox</i>, and
<i>silver-gray fox</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver gar</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Billfish</u> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Silver grain</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the lines or
narrow plates of cellular tissue which pass from the pith to the bark
of an exogenous stem; the medullary rays. In the wood of the oak they
are much larger than in that of the beech, maple, pine, cherry,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver grebe</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the red-throated diver. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Diver</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver hake</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the American whiting.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver
leaf</b></col>, <cd>leaves or sheets made of silver beaten very
thin.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver lunge</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the namaycush.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver
moonfish</b></col>.<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Moonfish</u>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver moth</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a lepisma.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver
owl</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the barn owl.</cd> --
<col><b>Silver perch</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
mademoiselle, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver pheasant</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of beautiful
crested and long-tailed Asiatic pheasants, of the genus
<i>Euplocamus</i>. They have the tail and more or less of the upper
parts silvery white. The most common species (<i>E. nychtemerus</i>)
is native of China.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver plate</b></col>,
<cd>domestic utensils made of silver.</cd>  -- <col><b>Silver
plover</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the knot.</cd> --
<col><b>Silver salmon</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a salmon
(<i>Oncorhynchus kisutch</i>) native of both coasts of the North
Pacific. It ascends all the American rivers as far south as the
Sacramento. Called also <i>kisutch</i>, <i>whitefish</i>, and <i>white
salmon</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver shell</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a marine bivalve of the genus Anomia. See
<u>Anomia</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver steel</b></col>, <cd>an alloy of
steel with a very small proportion of silver.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver
stick</b></col>, <cd>a title given to the title field officer of the
Life Guards when on duty at the palace.</cd> [Eng.] <i>Thackeray.</i>
-- <col><b>Silver tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a South African
tree (<i>Leucadendron argenteum</i>) with long, silvery, silky
leaves.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver trout</b></col>, <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Trout</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver wedding</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Wedding</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver whiting</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a marine sci&aelig;noid food fish
(<i>Menticirrus littoralis</i>) native of the Southern United States;
-- called also <i>surf whiting</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver
witch</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>A lepisma.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Silvered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Silvering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover with silver; to
give a silvery appearance to by applying a metal of a silvery color;
as, to <i>silver</i> a pin; to <i>silver</i> a glass mirror plate with
an amalgam of tin and mercury.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To polish like silver; to impart a
brightness to, like that of silver.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And smiling calmness <i>silvered</i> o'er the
deep.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make hoary, or white, like
silver.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His head was <i>silvered</i> o'er with
age.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To acquire a silvery
color.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The eastern sky began to <i>silver</i> and
shine.</blockquote> <i>L. Wallace.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The knot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A tree or shrub (<i>El&aelig;agnus argentea</i>) with silvery
foliage and fruit.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An Old World finch of the genus <i>Minia</i>,
as the <i>M. Malabarica</i> of India, and <i>M. cantans</i> of
Africa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*boom`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>zilver</i>
silver + <i>boom</i> tree.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Leucadendron</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*fin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small North American fresh-water cyprinoid fish (<i>Notropis
Whipplei</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The tarpum.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A white variety of the goldfish.</def></p>

<p> </p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver-gray`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a gray
color with a silvery luster; as, <i>silver-gray</i> hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being silvery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>The
art or process of covering metals, wood, paper, glass, etc., with a
thin film of metallic silver, or a substance resembling silver; also,
the firm do laid on; as, the <i>silvering</i> of a glass
speculum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Silverized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Silverizing</u>.] <def>To cover with silver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no silcver;
hence, without money; impecunious.</def>  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*ling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small silver
coin.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A thousand vines at a thousand
<i>silverings</i>.</blockquote> <i>Isa. vii. 23.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Like silver in
appearance or in sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let me wipe off this honorable dew,<BR>
That <i>silverly</i> doth progress on thy cheeks.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sil"vern</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>seolfern</i>,
<i>sylfren</i>.] <def>Made of silver.</def> [Archaic.]  <i>Wyclif
(Acts xix. 24).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Speech is <i>silvern</i>; silence is
golden.</blockquote> <i>Old Proverb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*sides`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of small fishes of
the family <i>Atherinid&aelig;</i>, having a silvery stripe along each
side of the body. The common species of the American coast (<i>Menidia
notata</i>) is very abundant. Called also <i>silverside</i>, <i>sand
smelt</i>, <i>friar</i>, <i>tailor</i>, and <i>tinker</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Brook silversides</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
small fresh-water North American fish (<i>Labadesthes sicculus</i>)
related to the marine silversides.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1342 !></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*smith`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose
occupation is to manufacture utensils, ornaments, etc., of silver; a
worker in silver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*spot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of butterflies of
the genus <i>Argynnis</i> and allied genera, having silvery spots on
the under side of the wings. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Aphrodite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*ware`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dishes,
vases, ornaments, and utensils of various sorts, made of
silver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A perennial rosaceous herb (<i>Potentilla Anserina</i>) having
the leaves silvery white beneath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Resembling, or having the luster of, silver; grayish white and
lustrous; of a mild luster; bright.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the enameled race, whose <i>silvery</i> wing<BR>
Waves to the tepid zephyrs of the spring.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Besprinkled or covered with
silver.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having the clear, musical tone of silver;
soft and clear in sound; as, <i>silvery</i> voices; a <i>silvery</i>
laugh.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Silvery iron</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>a peculiar
light-gray fine-grained cast iron, usually obtained from clay iron
ore.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sil"vi*cul`ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>silviculture</i>.] <def>See <u>Sylviculture</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A
cyma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sim"a*gre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>simagr&eacute;e</i>.] <def>A grimace.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si*mar"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>simarre</i>. See
<u>Chimere</u>.] <def>A woman's long dress or robe; also light
covering; a scarf.</def> [Written also <i>cimar</i>, <i>cymar</i>,
<i>samare</i>, <i>simare</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Si`marre"</hw> (?). [F.] <def>See <u>Simar</u>.</def>  <i>Sir
W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"blot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>simbleau</i>.]
<def>The harness of a drawloom.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sim"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., an ape; cf.
<i>simus</i> flatnosed, snub-nosed, Gr. &?;&?;&?;.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A Linn&aelig;an genus of Quadrumana which
included the types of numerous modern genera. By modern writers it is
usually restricted to the genus which includes the orang-
outang.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sim"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Simian; apelike.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sim"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>simia</i> an
ape.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the family
<i>Simiad&aelig;</i>, which, in its widest sense, includes all the Old
World apes and monkeys; also, apelike.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Any Old World monkey or ape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sim"i*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>similaire</i>,
fr. L. <i>similis</i> like, similar. See <u>Same</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Simulate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Exactly corresponding; resembling in all respects; precisely
like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Nearly corresponding; resembling in many
respects; somewhat like; having a general likeness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Homogenous; uniform.</def> [R.]
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Similar figures</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>figures which
differ from each other only in magnitude, being made up of the same
number of like parts similarly situated.</cd> -- <col><b>Similar
rectilineal figures</b></col>, <cd>such as have their several angles
respectively equal, each to each, and their sides about the equal
angles proportional.</cd> -- <col><b>Similar solids</b></col>,
<cd>such as are contained by the same number of similar planes,
similarly situated, and having like inclination to one
another.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sim"i*lar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is similar
to, or resembles, something else, as in quality, form, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sim`i*lar"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-ties</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F. <i>similarit&eacute;</i>.]
<def>The quality or state of being similar; likeness; resemblance; as,
a <i>similarity</i> of features.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hardly is there a <i>similarity</i> detected between
two or three facts, than men hasten to extend it to all.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"i*lar*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a similar
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sim"i*lar*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Similar.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Rhyming cadences of <i>similarly</i>
words.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"i*la*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Implying or
indicating likeness or resemblance.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>similative</i> or instrumental relation to a pa.
pple. [past participle], as almond-leaved, -scented, etc.</blockquote>
<i>New English Dict.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"i*le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Similes</b></plw> (#). [L., from <i>similis</i>. See
<u>Similar</u>.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A word or phrase by which
anything is likened, in one or more of its aspects, to something else;
a similitude; a poetical or imaginative comparison.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A good swift <i>simile</i>, but something
currish.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Si*mil"i*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., in like
manner.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>The technical name of the form by which
either party, in pleading, accepts the issue tendered by his opponent;
-- called sometimes a <i>joinder in issue</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*mil"i*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>similitude</i>, L. <i>similitudo</i>, from <i>similis</i> similar.
See <u>Similar</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of
being similar or like; resemblance; likeness; similarity; as,
<i>similitude</i> of substance.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us make now man in our image, man<BR>
In our <i>similitude</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If fate some future bard shall join<BR>
In sad <i>similitude</i> of griefs to mine.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of likening, or that which likens,
one thing to another; fanciful or imaginative comparison; a
simile.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tasso, in his <i>similitudes</i>, never departed from
the woods; that is, all his comparisons were taken from the
country.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is like or similar; a
representation, semblance, or copy; a facsimile.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Man should wed his <i>similitude</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si*mil`i*tu"di*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Involving or expressing similitude.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Coke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"i*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To liken; to
compare; as, to <i>similize</i> a person, thing, or act.</def>
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"i*lor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>similus</i> similar + F. <i>or</i> gold, L. <i>aurum</i>.  Cf.
<u>Semilor</u>.] <def>An alloy of copper and zinc, resembling brass,
but of a golden color.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"i*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L. <i>simia</i> an
ape.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the Simi&aelig;;
monkeylike.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That strange <i>simious</i>, schoolboy passion of
giving pain to others.</blockquote> <i>Sydney Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"i*tar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scimiter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sim"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Simmered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Simmering</u>.] [Prov. E. also <i>simper</i>; -- an onomatopoetic
word.] <def>To boil gently, or with a gentle hissing; to begin to
boil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>simmer</i> as liquor doth on the fire before it
beginneth to boil.</blockquote> <i>Palsgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"mer</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to boil
gently; to cook in liquid heated almost or just to the boiling
point.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sim"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>simenel</i> cake
or bread of wheat flour, LL. <i>simenellus</i> wheat bread, fr. L.
<i>simila</i> the finest wheat flour.  Cf. <u>Semolina</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of cake made of fine flour; a
cracknel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Not common bread, but vastel bread, or
<i>simnels</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of rich plum cake, eaten especially
on Mid-Lent Sunday.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si*mo"ni*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>simoniacus</i>. See <u>Simony</u>.] <def>One who practices simony,
or who buys or sells preferment in the church.</def>
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim`o*ni"a*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to simony; guilty of simony; consisting of simony.</def> --
<wf>Sim"o*ni`a*cal*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The flagitious profligacy of their lives, and the
<i>simoniacal</i> arts by which they grasped at the
popedom.</blockquote> <i>J. S. Harford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si*mo"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Simoniacal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Si*mo"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[See <u>Simony</u>.]
<def>One of the followers of Simon Magus; also, an adherent of certain
heretical sects in the early Christian church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*mo"ni*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Simoniacal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"o*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
practices simony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sim"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>simonie</i>, LL.
<i>simonia</i>, fr. <i>Simon</i> Magus, who wished to purchase the
power of conferring the Holy Spirit. <i>Acts</i> viii.] <def>The crime
of buying or selling ecclesiastical preferment; the corrupt
presentation of any one to an ecclesiastical benefice for money or
reward.</def>  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Si*moom"</hw> (?), <hw>Si*moon"</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>sam&?;m</i>, fr. <i>samma</i> to poison.
Cf. <u>Samiel</u>.] <def>A hot, dry, suffocating, dust-laden wind,
that blows occasionally in Arabia, Syria, and neighboring countries,
generated by the extreme heat of the parched deserts or sandy
plains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L. <i>simus</i>, Gr.
&?;&?;&?;.] <def>Having a very flat or snub nose, with the end turned
up.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sim"pai</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[Malay <i>simpei</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A long-tailed monkey (<i>Semnopitchecus
melalophus</i>) native of Sumatra. It has a crest of black hair. The
forehead and cheeks are fawn color, the upper parts tawny and red, the
under parts white. Called also <i>black-crested monkey</i>, and
<i>sinp&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sim"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Simpered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Simpering</u>.] [Cf. Norw. <i>semper</i> fine, smart, dial. Dan.
<i>semper</i>, <i>simper</i>, affected, coy, prudish, OSw.
<i>semper</i> one who affectedly refrains from eating, Sw. <i>sipp</i>
finical, prim, LG. <i>sipp</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To smile in a
silly, affected, or conceited manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Behold yond <i>simpering</i> dame.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With a made countenance about her mouth, between
<i>simpering</i> and smiling.</blockquote> <i>ir. P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To glimmer; to twinkle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Yet can I mark how stars above<BR>
<i>Simper</i> and shine.</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"per</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A constrained, self-
conscious smile; an affected, silly smile; a smirk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The conscious <i>simper</i>, and the jealous
leer.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"per*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
simpers.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>simperer</i> that a court affords.</blockquote>
<i>T. Nevile.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"per*ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &. n.</i></pos> from
<u>Simper</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Sim"per*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a simpering
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sim"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Simpler</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Simplest</u>.] [F., fr. L.
<i>simplus</i>, or <i>simplex</i>, gen. <i>simplicis</i>. The first
part of the Latin words is probably akin to E. <i>same</i>, and the
sense, one, one and the same; cf. L. <i>semel</i> once, <i>singuli</i>
one to each, single. Cg. <u>Single</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
<u>Same</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and for the last part of the word
cf. <u>Double</u>, <u>Complex</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Single;
not complex; not infolded or entangled; uncombined; not compounded;
not blended with something else; not complicated; as, a <i>simple</i>
substance; a <i>simple</i> idea; a <i>simple</i> sound; a
<i>simple</i> machine; a <i>simple</i> problem; <i>simple</i>
tasks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Plain; unadorned; as, <i>simple</i>
dress.</def> "<i>Simple</i> truth." <i>Spenser.</i> "His <i>simple</i>
story." <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Mere; not other than; being only.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A medicine . . . whose <i>simple</i> touch<BR>
Is powerful to araise King Pepin.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not given to artifice, stratagem, or
duplicity; undesigning; sincere; true.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Full many fine men go upon my score, as <i>simple</i>
as I stand here, and I trust them.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Must thou trust Tradition's <i>simple</i>
tongue?</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To be simple is to be great.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Artless in manner; unaffected;
unconstrained; natural; inartificial;; straightforward.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>simple</i> manners all the secret
lies.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Direct; clear; intelligible; not abstruse
or enigmatical; as, a <i>simple</i> statement; <i>simple</i>
language.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Weak in intellect; not wise or sagacious;
of but moderate understanding or attainments; hence, foolish;
silly.</def> "You have <i>simple</i> wits."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>simple</i> believeth every word; but the prudent
man looketh well to his going.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xiv. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Not luxurious; without much variety; plain;
as, a <i>simple</i> diet; a <i>simple</i> way of living.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy <i>simple</i> fare and all thy plain
delights.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Humble; lowly; undistinguished.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>simple</i> husbandman in garments
gray.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Clergy and laity, male and female, gentle and
<i>simple</i> made the fuel of the same fire.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(BOt.)</i> <def>Without subdivisions;
entire; as, a <i>simple</i> stem; a <i>simple</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Not capable of being
decomposed into anything more simple or ultimate by any means at
present known; elementary; thus, atoms are regarded as <i>simple</i>
bodies.  Cf. <u>Ultimate</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>simple</i> body is one that has not as yet been
decomposed. There are indications that many of our simple elements are
still compound bodies, though their actual decomposition into anything
simpler may never be accomplished.</p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Homogenous.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Consisting of a single
individual or zooid; as, a <i>simple</i> ascidian; -- opposed to
<i>compound</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Simple contract</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>any contract,
whether verbal or written, which is not of record or under seal.</cd>
<i>J. W. Smith.</i> <i>Chitty.</i> -- <col><b>Simple
equation</b></col> <i>(Alg.)</i>, <cd>an equation containing but one
unknown quantity, and that quantity only in the first degree.</cd> --
<col><b>Simple eye</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an eye having a
single lens; -- opposed to <i>compound eye</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Simple
interest</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Interest</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Simple larceny</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Larceny</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Simple obligation</b></col> <i>(Rom.
Law)</i>, <cd>an obligation which does not depend for its execution
upon any event provided for by the parties, or is not to become void
on the happening of any such event.</cd> <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Single; uncompounded; unmingled; unmixed; mere;
uncombined; elementary; plain; artless; sincere; harmless;
undesigning; frank; open; unaffected; inartificial; unadorned;
credulous; silly; foolish; shallow; unwise.  -- <u>Simple</u>,
<u>Silly</u>. One who is <i>simple</i> is sincere, unaffected, and
inexperienced in duplicity, -- hence liable to be duped. A
<i>silly</i> person is one who is ignorant or weak and also self-
confident; hence, one who shows in speech and act a lack of good
sense. <i>Simplicity</i> is incompatible with duplicity, artfulness,
or vanity, while <i>silliness</i> is consistent with all three.
<i>Simplicity</i> denotes lack of knowledge or of guile;
<i>silliness</i> denotes want of judgment or right purpose, a defect
of character as well as of education.</p>

<p><blockquote>I am a <i>simple</i> woman, much too weak<BR>
To oppose your cunning.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He is the companion of the <i>silliest</i> people in
their most <i>silly</i> pleasure; he is ready for every impertinent
entertainment and diversion.</blockquote> <i>Law.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Simple</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something not mixed or
compounded.</def> "Compounded of many <i>simples</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A medicinal plant; -- so
called because each vegetable was supposed to possess its particular
virtue, and therefore to constitute a simple remedy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What virtue is in this remedy lies in the naked
<i>simple</i> itself as it comes over from the Indies.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Weaving)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
drawloom.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A part of the apparatus for
raising the heddles of a drawloom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A feast which is not a
double or a semidouble.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sim"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To gather simples,
or medicinal plants.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As <i>simpling</i> on the flowery hills she [Circe]
strayed.</blockquote> <i>Garth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"ple-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sincere;
inguenuous; guileless.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"ple-mind`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Artless;
guileless; simple-hearted; undesigning; unsuspecting; devoid of
duplicity.</def> <i>Blackstone.</i> -- <wf>Sim"ple-mind`ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sim"ple*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being simple; simplicity.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"pler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who collects
simples, or medicinal plants; a herbalist; a simplist.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Simpler's joy</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>Vervain.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sim"pless</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>simplesse</i>.]
<def>Simplicity; silliness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"ple*ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>simplet</i>, It. <i>semplicione</i>.] <def>A person of weak
intellect; a silly person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sim*pli"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>simplicien</i>.] <def>One who is simple.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Arnway.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim*plic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>simplicit&eacute;</i>, L. <i>simplicitas</i>. See <u>Simple</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being simple, unmixed,
or uncompounded; as, the <i>simplicity</i> of metals or of
earths.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being not complex,
or of consisting of few parts; as, the <i>simplicity</i> of a
machine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Artlessness of mind; freedom from cunning
or duplicity; lack of acuteness and sagacity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Marquis Dorset, a man, for his harmless
<i>simplicity</i> neither misliked nor much regarded.</blockquote>
<i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In wit a man; <i>simplicity</i> a child.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Freedom from artificial ornament,
pretentious style, or luxury; plainness; as, <i>simplicity</i> of
dress, of style, or of language; <i>simplicity</i> of diet;
<i>simplicity</i> of life.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Freedom from subtlety or abstruseness;
clearness; as, the <i>simplicity</i> of a doctrine; the
<i>simplicity</i> of an explanation or a demonstration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Weakness of intellect; silliness;
folly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How long, ye simple ones, will ye love
<i>simplicity</i>? and the scorners delight in their
scorning?</blockquote> <i>Prov. i. 22.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim`pli*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>simplification</i>.] <def>The act of simplifying.</def>  <i>A.
Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"pli*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Simplified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Simplifying</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>simplifier</i>, LL.
<i>simplificare</i>. See <u>Simple</u>, and <u>-fy</u>.] <def>To make
simple; to make less complex; to make clear by giving the explanation
for; to show an easier or shorter process for doing or
making.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The collection of duties is drawn to a point, and so
far <i>simplified</i>.</blockquote> <i>A. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is important, in scientific pursuits, to be caitious
in <i>simplifying</i> our deductions.</blockquote> <i>W.
Nicholson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"plist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One skilled in
simples, or medicinal plants; a simpler.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim*plis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to simples, or a simplist.</def> [R.]
<i>Wilkinson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"pli*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Simplicity.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sim"plo*ce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i>
<def>See <u>Symploce</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sim"ply</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a simple manner or state; considered in or by itself; without
addition; along; merely; solely; barely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] make that now good or evil, . . . which
otherwise of itself were not <i>simply</i> the one or the
other.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Simply</i> the thing I am<BR>
Shall make me live.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1343 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Plainly; without art or subtlety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Subverting worldly strong and worldly wise<BR>
By <i>simply</i> meek.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Weakly; foolishly.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sim"u*la`cher</hw>, <hw>Sim"u*la`chre</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>simulacre</i>.] <def>See
<u>Simulacrum</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sim`u*la"crum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Simulacra</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Simulate</u>.] <def>A
likeness; a semblance; a mock appearance; a sham; -- now usually in a
derogatory sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beneath it nothing but a great
<i>simulacrum</i>.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>simulator</i>, F. <i>simulateur</i>. See <u>Simulate</u>.] <def>One
who pretends to be what he is not; one who, or that which, simulates
or counterfeits something; a pretender.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Christ calleth the Pharisees hypocrites, that is to
say, <i>simulars</i>, and painted sepulchers.</blockquote>
<i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"u*lar</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>False; specious;
counterfeit.</def> [R. & Obs.] "Thou <i>simular</i> man of virtue."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>simulatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>simulare</i> to simulate; akin to <i>simul</i> at the same
time, together, <i>similis</i> like. See <u>Similar</u>, and cf.
<u>Dissemble</u>, <u>Semblance</u>.] <def>Feigned; pretended.</def>
<i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Simulated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Simulating</u>.] <def>To assume the mere appearance of, without the
reality; to assume the signs or indications of, falsely; to
counterfeit; to feign.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Puritans, even in the depths of the dungeons to
which she had sent them, prayed, and with no <i>simulated</i> fervor,
that she might be kept from the dagger of the assassin.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>simulation</i>, L. <i>simulatio</i>.] <def>The act of simulating,
or assuming an appearance which is feigned, or not true; --
distinguished from <i>dissimulation</i>, which disguises or conceals
what is true.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Counterfeiting; feint; pretense.</p>

<p><hw>Sim"u*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
simulates, or feigns.</def>  <i> De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"u*la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Simulated,
or capable of being simulated.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si`mul*ta*ne"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being simultaneous; simultaneousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si`mul*ta"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>simultim</i> at the same time, fr. L. <i>simul</i>. See
<u>Simulate</u>.] <def>Existing, happening, or done, at the same time;
as, <i>simultaneous</i> events.</def> -- <wf>Si`mul*ta"ne*ous*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Si`mul*ta"ne*ous*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Simultaneous equations</b></col> <i>(Alg.)</i>, <cd>two or
more equations in which the values of the unknown quantities entering
them are the same at the same time in both or in all.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sim"ul*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>simultas</i> a
hostile encounter, drudge, originally, a (hostile) coming together,
fr. <i>simul</i> together: cf. OF. <i>simult&eacute;</i>.]
<def>Private grudge or quarrel; as, domestic <i>simulties</i>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv., prep., & conj.</i></pos> <def>Old
form of <u>Since</u>.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sin</i> that his lord was twenty year of
age.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sinne</i>, AS.
<i>synn</i>, <i>syn</i>; akin to D. <i>zonde</i>, OS. <i>sundia</i>,
OHG. <i>sunta</i>, G. <i>s&uuml;nde</i>, Icel., Dan. & Sw.
<i>synd</i>, L. <i>sons</i>, <i>sontis</i>, guilty, perhaps originally
from the p. pr. of the verb signifying, to be, and meaning, the one
who it is.  Cf. <u>Authentic</u>, <u>Sooth</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Transgression of the law of God; disobedience of the divine
command; any violation of God's will, either in purpose or conduct;
moral deficiency in the character; iniquity; as, <i>sins</i> of
omission and <i>sins</i> of commission.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whosoever committeth <i>sin</i> is the servant of
<i>sin</i>.</blockquote> <i>John viii. 34.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sin</i> is the transgression of the
law.</blockquote> <i>1 John iii. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I think 't no <i>sin</i>.<BR>
To cozen him that would unjustly win.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Enthralled<BR>
By <i>sin</i> to foul, exorbitant desires.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An offense, in general; a violation of
propriety; a misdemeanor; as, a <i>sin</i> against good
manners.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I grant that poetry's a crying <i>sin</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sin offering; a sacrifice for
sin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He hath made him to be <i>sin</i> for us, who knew no
sin.</blockquote> <i>2 Cor. v. 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An embodiment of sin; a very wicked
person.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thy ambition,<BR>
Thou scarlet <i>sin</i>, robbed this bewailing land<BR>
Of noble Buckingham.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sin</i> is used in the formation of some compound words
of obvious signification; as, <i>sin</i>-born; <i>sin</i>-bred,
<i>sin</i>-oppressed, <i>sin</i>-polluted, and the like.</p>

<p><col><b>Actual sin</b></col>, <col><b>Canonical sins</b></col>,
<col><b>Original sin</b></col>, <col><b>Venial sin</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Actual</u>, <u>Canonical</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Deadly</b></col>, or <col><b>Mortal</b></col>,
<col><b>sins</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>willful and deliberate
transgressions, which take away divine grace; -- in distinction from
<i>vental sins</i>. The <i>seven deadly sins</i> are pride,
covetousness, lust, wrath, gluttony, envy, and sloth.</cd> --
<col><b>Sin eater</b></col>, <cd>a man who (according to a former
practice in England) for a small gratuity ate a piece of bread laid on
the chest of a dead person, whereby he was supposed to have taken the
sins of the dead person upon himself.</cd> -- <col><b>Sin
offering</b></col>, <cd>a sacrifice for sin; something offered as an
expiation for sin.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Iniquity; wickedness; wrong. See <u>Crime</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sin</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sinned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sinning</u>.] [OE. <i>sinnen</i>, <i>singen</i>, <i>sinegen</i>,
AS. <i>syngian</i>. See <u>Sin</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To depart voluntarily from the path of duty
prescribed by God to man; to violate the divine law in any particular,
by actual transgression or by the neglect or nonobservance of its
injunctions; to violate any known rule of duty; -- often followed by
<i>against</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Against thee, thee only, have I
<i>sinned</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ps. li. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All have <i>sinned</i>, and come short of the glory of
God.</blockquote> <i>Rom. iii. 23.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To violate human rights, law, or propriety;
to commit an offense; to trespass; to transgress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am a man<BR>
More <i>sinned</i> against than <i>sinning</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who but wishes to invert the laws<BR>
Of order, <i>sins</i> against the eternal cause.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Si*na"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Si`na*it"ic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From Mount <i>Sinai</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining
to Mount Sinai; given or made at Mount Sinai; as, the <i>Sinaitic</i>
law.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sinaitic manuscript</b></col>, <cd>a fourth century Greek
manuscript of the part Bible, discovered at Mount Sinai (the greater
part of it in 1859) by Tisschendorf, a German Biblical critic; --
called also <i>Codex Sinaiticus</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sin*al"bin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>Sin</i>apis + <i>alba</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A glucoside found
in the seeds of white mustard (<i>Brassica alba</i>, formerly
<i>Sinapis alba</i>), and extracted as a white crystalline
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin*am"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sin</i>apis +
mel<i>amine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A bitter white crystalline
nitrogenous substance, obtained indirectly from oil of mustard and
ammonia; -- called also <i>allyl melamine</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"a*pate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of sinapic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"a*pic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to sinapine; specifically, designating an acid
(C<sub>11</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>5</sub>) related to gallic acid,
and obtained by the decomposition of sinapine, as a white crystalline
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"a*pine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sinapi</i>,
<i>sinapis</i>, mustard, Gr. &?;&?;&?;: cf. F. <i>sinapine</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An alkaloid occuring in the seeds of mustard. It
is extracted, in combination with sulphocyanic acid, as a white
crystalline substance, having a hot, bitter taste.  When sinapine is
isolated it is unstable and undergoes decomposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si*na"pis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A disused generic name for mustard; -- now called
<i>Brassica</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"a*pis`in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A substance extracted from mustard seed and probably identical
with sinalbin.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sin"a*pism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sinapismus</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;, the use of a mustard blister, fr.
&?;&?;&?; to apply a mustard blister, fr. &?;&?;&?;&?; mustard.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A plaster or poultice composed principally of
powdered mustard seed, or containing the volatile oil of mustard seed.
It is a powerful irritant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin`a*po*le"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sina</i>pis +
<i>oleic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to mustard oil;
specifically, designating an acid of the oleic acid series said to
occur in mistard oil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*nap"o*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sinapis</i> +
L. <i>oleum</i> oil.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A nitrogenous base,
CO.(NH.C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>2</sub>, related to urea,
extracted from mustard oil, and also produced artifically, as a white
crystalline substance; -- called also <i>diallyl urea</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"ca*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called because
obtained by the action of al<i>kal</i>ies on <i>sin</i>apine.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Choline.</def> [Written also
<i>sinkaline</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Since</hw> (s&ibreve;ns), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [For
<i>sins</i>, contr. fr. OE. <i>sithens</i>, <i>sithenes</i>, formed by
an adverbial ending (cf. <u>Besides</u>) from OE. <i>sithen</i>, also
shortened into <i>sithe</i>, <i>sin</i>, AS. <i>si&eth;&eth;an</i>,
<i>sy&eth;&eth;an</i>, <i>seo&eth;&eth;an</i>, afterward, then, since,
after; properly, after that; fr. <i>s&imacr;&eth;</i> after, later,
adv. and prep. (originally a comparative adv., akin to OS.
<i>s&imacr;&eth;</i> afterward, since, OHG. <i>s&imacr;d</i>, G.
<i>seit</i> since, Goth. <i>sei&thorn;us</i> late, ni
&thorn;ana<i>sei&thorn;s</i> no longer) + <i>&eth;on</i> instrumental
of the demonstrative and article. See <u>That</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>From a definite past time until now; as, he went a month ago, and
I have not seen him <i>since</i>.</def><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>since</i> become the slaves to one man's
lust.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In the time past, counting backward from
the present; before this or now; ago.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How many ages <i>since</i> has Virgil
writ?</blockquote> <i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>About two years <i>since</i>, it so fell out, that he
was brought to a great lady's house.</blockquote> <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>When or that.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Do you remember <i>since</i> we lay all night in the
windmill in St. George's field?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Since</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>From the time of; in
or during the time subsequent to; subsequently to; after; -- usually
with a past event or time for the object.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord hath blessed thee, <i>since</i> my
coming.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxx. 30.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have a model by which he build a nobler poem than any
extant <i>since</i> the ancients.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Since</hw>, <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>Seeing that; because;
considering; -- formerly followed by <i>that</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Since</i> that my penitence comes after all,<BR>
Imploring pardon.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Since</i> truth and constancy are vain,<BR>
<i>Since</i> neither love, nor sense of pain,<BR>
Nor force of reason, can persuade,<BR>
Then let example be obeyed.</blockquote> <i>Granville.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Because; for; as; inasmuch as; considering. See
<u>Because</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sin*cere"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sincerer</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sincerest</u>.] [L. <i>sincerus</i>, of
uncertain origin; the first part perhaps akin to <i>sin-</i> in
<i>singuli</i> (see <u>Single</u>), and the second to <i>cernere</i>
to separate (cf. <u>Discern</u>): cf. F. <i>sinc</i>&egrave;re.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pure; unmixed; unadulterated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no <i>sincere</i> acid in any animal
juice.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A joy which never was <i>sincere</i> till
now.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Whole; perfect; unhurt; uninjured.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The inviolable body stood <i>sincere</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Being in reality what it appears to be;
having a character which corresponds with the appearance; not falsely
assumed; genuine; true; real; as, a <i>sincere</i> desire for
knowledge; a <i>sincere</i> contempt for meanness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>sincere</i> intention of pleasing God in all our
actions.</blockquote> <i>Law.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Honest; free from hypocrisy or
dissimulation; as, a <i>sincere</i> friend; a <i>sincere</i>
person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The more <i>sincere</i> you are, the better it will
fare with you at the great day of account.</blockquote>
<i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Honest; unfeigned; unvarnished; real; true;
unaffected; inartificial; frank; upright. See <u>Hearty</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sin*cere"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sincere
manner.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Purely; without
alloy.</def> <i>Milton.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Honestly;
unfeignedly; without dissimulation; as, to speak one's mind
<i>sincerely</i>; to love virtue <i>sincerely</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin*cere"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Sincerity</u>.</def>  <i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin*cer"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sinceritas</i>: cf. F. <i>sinc&eacute;rit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The
quality or state of being sincere; honesty of mind or intention;
freedom from simulation, hypocrisy, disguise, or false pretense;
sincereness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I protest, in the <i>sincerity</i> of
love.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sincerity</i> is a duty no less plain than
important.</blockquote> <i>Knox.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sinch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Cinch</u>.] <def>A
saddle girth made of leather, canvas, woven horsehair, or woven
grass.</def> [Western U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sinch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To gird with a sinch;
to tighten the sinch or girth of (a saddle); as, to <i>sinch</i> up a
sadle.</def> [Western U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sin*cip"i*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the sinciput; being in the region of the
sinciput.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"ci*put</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., half a head;
<i>semi</i>half + <i>caput</i> the head.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The fore part of the head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The part of the head of
a bird between the base of the bill and the vertex.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a kind of fine
Indian cotton stuff, Gr. &?;&?;&?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
wrapper.</def> [Obs.] "Wrapped in <i>sindons</i> of linen."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A small rag or pledget
introduced into the hole in the cranium made by a trephine.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>sinus</i> a sine,
L. <i>sinus</i> bosom, used in translating the Ar. <i>jaib</i>,
properly, bosom, but probably read by mistake (the consonants being
the same) for an original <i>j&imacr;ba</i> sine, from Skr.
<i>j&imacr;va</i> bowstring, chord of an arc, sine.] <i>(Trig.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The length of a perpendicular drawn from one
extremity of an arc of a circle to the diameter drawn through the
other extremity.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The perpendicular
itself. See <i>Sine of angle</i>, below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Artificial sines</b></col>, <cd>logarithms of the natural
sines, or logarithmic sines.</cd> -- <col><b>Curve of sines</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Sinusoid</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Natural sines</b></col>,
<cd>the decimals expressing the values of the sines, the radius being
unity.</cd> -- <col><b>Sine of an angle</b></col>, <cd>in a circle
whose radius is unity, the sine of the arc that measures the angle; in
a right-angled triangle, the side opposite the given angle divided by
the hypotenuse. See <i>Trigonometrical function</i>, under
<u>Function</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Versed sine</b></col>, <cd>that part
of the diameter between the sine and the arc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Si"ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>Without.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"ne*cu`ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a sinecure; being in the nature of a sinecure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si`ne*cure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sine</i>
without + <i>cura</i> care, LL., a cure. See <u>Cure</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An ecclesiastical benefice without the care of
souls.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any office or position which requires or
involves little or no responsibility, labor, or active
service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A lucrative <i>sinecure</i> in the Excise.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si"ne*cure</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put or place
in a sinecure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"ne*cu*rism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
having a sinecure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"ne*cu*rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who has a
sinecure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"ew</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sinewe</i>,
<i>senewe</i>, AS. <i>sinu</i>, <i>seonu</i>; akin to D. <i>zenuw</i>,
OHG. <i>senawa</i>, G. <i>sehne</i>, Icel. <i>sin</i>, Sw.
<i>sena</i>, Dan.  <i>sene</i>; cf. Skr. <i>sn&amacr;va</i>.
&radic;290.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A tendon or tendonous
tissue. See <u>Tendon</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Muscle; nerve.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir J.
Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: That which supplies strength or
power.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The portion and <i>sinew</i> of her fortune, her
marriage dowry.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The bodies of men, munition, and money, may justly be
called the <i>sinews</i> of war.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Money alone is often called <i>the sinews of war</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Sin"ew</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sinewed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sinewing</u>.] <def>To knit together, or make strong with, or as
with, sinews.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wretches, now stuck up for long tortures . . . might,
if properly treated, serve to <i>sinew</i> the state in time of
danger.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"ewed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Furnished with sinews; as, a strong-<i>sinewed</i>
youth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Equipped; strengthened.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When he sees<BR>
Ourselves well <i>sinewed</i> to our defense.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"ew*i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being sinewy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"ew*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sinewy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"ew*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no sinews;
hence, having no strength or vigor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"ew*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sinewy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"ew-shrunk`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i>
<def>Having the sinews under the belly shrunk by excessive
fatigue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"ew*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to, consisting of, or resembling, a sinew or
sinews.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sinewy</i> thread my brain lets
fall.</blockquote> <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Well braced with, or as if with, sinews;
nervous; vigorous; strong; firm; tough; as, the <i>sinewy</i>
Ajax.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man whose words . . . were so close and
<i>sinewy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AAS. <i>synfull</i>.]
<def>Tainted with, or full of, sin; wicked; iniquitous; criminal;
unholy; as, <i>sinful</i> men; <i>sinful</i> thoughts.</def>  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ah <i>sinful</i> nation, a people laden with
iniquity.</blockquote> <i>Isa. i. 4.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sin"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sin"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sing</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Sung</u> (?) or <u>Sang</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Sung</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Singing</u>.] [AS.
<i>singan</i>; akin to D. <i>zingen</i>, OS. & OHG. <i>singan</i>, G.
<i>singen</i>, Icel. <i>syngja</i>, Sw. <i>sjunga</i>, Dan.
<i>synge</i>, Goth. <i>siggwan</i>, and perhaps to E. <i>say</i>,
v.t., or cf. Gr. &?;&?;&?; voice.  Cf. <u>Singe</u>, <u>Song</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To utter sounds with musical inflections or
melodious modulations of voice, as fancy may dictate, or according to
the notes of a song or tune, or of a given part (as alto, tenor, etc.)
in a chorus or concerted piece.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The noise of them that <i>sing</i> do I
hear.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxxii. 18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter sweet melodious sounds, as birds
do.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On every bough the briddes heard I
<i>sing</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Singing</i> birds, in silver cages
hung.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make a small, shrill sound; as, the air
<i>sings</i> in passing through a crevice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O'er his head the flying spear<BR>
<i>Sang</i> innocent, and spent its force in air.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To tell or relate something in numbers or
verse; to celebrate something in poetry.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bid her . . . <i>sing</i><BR>
Of human hope by cross event destroyed.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1344 !></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To cry out; to complain.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They should <i>sing</i> if thet they were
bent.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sing</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To utter with musical inflections or modulations of
voice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And they <i>sing</i> the song of Moses, the servant of
God, and the song of the Lamb.</blockquote> <i>Rev. xv. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And in the darkness <i>sing</i> your carol of high
praise.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To celebrate is song; to give praises to in
verse; to relate or rehearse in numbers, verse, or poetry.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Arms and the man I <i>sing</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The last, the happiest British king,<BR>
Whom thou shalt paint or I shall <i>sing</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To influence by singing; to lull by
singing; as, to <i>sing</i> a child to sleep.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To accompany, or attend on, with
singing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I heard them <i>singing</i> home the
bride.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Singe</hw> (s&ibreve;nj), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Singed</u> (s&ibreve;njd); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Singeing</u> (s&ibreve;nj"&ibreve;ng).] [OE.
<i>sengen</i>, AS. <i>sengan</i> in be<i>sengan</i> (akin to D.
<i>zengen</i>, G. <i>sengen</i>), originally, to cause to sing, fr.
AS. <i>singan</i> to sing, in allusion to the <i>singing</i> or
hissing sound often produced when a substance is singed, or slightly
burned. See <u>Sing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To burn slightly or
superficially; to burn the surface of; to burn the ends or outside of;
as, to <i>singe</i> the hair or the skin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You sulphurous and thought-executing fires, . . . <BR>
<i>Singe</i> my white head!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>singed</i> the toes of an ape through a burning
glass.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To remove the nap of
(cloth), by passing it rapidly over a red-hot bar, or over a flame,
preliminary to dyeing it.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To remove the
hair or down from (a plucked chicken or the like) by passing it over a
flame.</def></p>

<p><hw>Singe</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A burning of the surface;
a slight burn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"ger</hw> (s&ibreve;n"j&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[From <u>Singe</u>.] <def>One who, or that which, singes.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One employed to singe
cloth.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A machine for singeing
cloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sing"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Sing</u>.]
<def>One who sings; especially, one whose profession is to
sing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sing"er*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A songstress.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin`gha*lese"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. & a.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>Si&mtil;hala</i> Ceylon.] <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Cingalese</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sing"ing</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Sing</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Singing bird</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Popularly, any bird that sings; a song
bird</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Specifically, any one of the
Oscines.</cd> -- <col><b>Singing book</b></col>, <cd>a book containing
music for singing; a book of tunes.</cd> -- <col><b>Singing
falcon</b></col> or <col><b>hawk</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See <i>Chanting falcon</i>, under <u>Chanting</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Singing fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a California
toadfish (<i>Porichthys porosissimus</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Singing
flame</b></col> <i>(Acoustics)</i>, <cd>a flame, as of hydrogen or
coal gas, burning within a tube and so adjusted as to set the air
within the tube in vibration, causing sound. The apparatus is called
also <i>chemical harmonicon</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Singing
master</b></col>, <cd>a man who teaches vocal music.</cd> --
<col><b>Singing school</b></col>, <cd>a school in which persons are
instructed in singing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sing"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With sounds like
singing; with a kind of tune; in a singing tone.</def>  <i>G. North
(1575).</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>singulus</i>, a
dim. from the root in <i>simplex</i> simple; cf. OE. & OF.
<i>sengle</i>, fr. L. <i>singulus</i>. <i>See</i> <u>Simple</u>, and
cf. <u>Singular</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One only, as
distinguished from more than one; consisting of one alone; individual;
separate; as, a <i>single</i> star.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No <i>single</i> man is born with a right of
controlling the opinions of all the rest.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Alone; having no companion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who <i>single</i> hast maintained,<BR>
Against revolted multitudes, the cause<BR>
Of truth.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, unmarried; as, a <i>single</i> man
or woman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Grows, lives, and dies in <i>single</i>
blessedness.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Single</i> chose to live, and shunned to
wed.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not doubled, twisted together, or combined
with others; as, a <i>single</i> thread; a <i>single</i> strand of a
rope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Performed by one person, or one on each
side; as, a <i>single</i> combat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These shifts refuted, answer thy appellant, . . . <BR>
Who now defles thee thrice ti <i>single</i> fight.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Uncompounded; pure; unmixed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Simple ideas are opposed to complex, and <i>single</i>
to compound.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Not deceitful or artful; honest;
sincere.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I speak it with a <i>single</i> heart.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Simple; not wise; weak; silly.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He utters such <i>single</i> matter in so infantly a
voice.</blockquote> <i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Single ale</b></col>, <col><b>beer</b></col>, or
<col><b>drink</b></col>, <cd>small ale, etc., as contrasted with
<i>double ale</i>, etc., which is stronger.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Nares.</i>
-- <col><b>Single bill</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a written
engagement, generally under seal, for the payment of money, without a
penalty.</cd> <i>Burril.</i> -- <col><b>Single court</b></col>
<i>(Lawn Tennis)</i>, <cd>a court laid out for only two players.</cd>
-- <col><b>Single-cut file</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under 4th
<u>File</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Single entry</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Bookkeeping</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Single file</b></col>. <cd>See
under 1st <u>File</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Single flower</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a flower with but one set of petals, as a wild
rose.</cd> -- <col><b>Single knot</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Illust.</i>
under <u>Knot</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Single whip</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a single rope running through a fixed
block.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Singled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Singling</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To select, as an
individual person or thing, from among a number; to choose out from
others; to separate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dogs who hereby can <i>single</i> out their master in
the dark.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His blood! she faintly screamed her mind<BR>
Still <i>singling</i> one from all mankind.</blockquote>
<i>More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sequester; to withdraw; to retire.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An agent <i>singling</i> itself from
consorts.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To take alone, or one by one.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men . . . commendable when they are
<i>singled</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take the
irrregular gait called single-foot;- said of a horse. See <u>Single-
foot</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many very fleet horses, when overdriven, adopt a
disagreeable gait, which seems to be a cross between a pace and a
trot, in which the two legs of one side are raised almost but not
quite, simultaneously. Such horses are said to <i>single</i>, or to be
single-footed.</blockquote> <i>W. S. Clark.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
unit; one; as, to score a <i>single</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The reeled filaments of silk,
twisted without doubling to give them firmness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A handful of gleaned grain.</def> [Prov.
Eng. & Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law Tennis)</i> <def>A game with but one
player on each side; -- usually in the plural.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Baseball)</i> <def>A hit by a batter which
enables him to reach first base only.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gle-act`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
simplicity of action; especially <i>(Mach.)</i>, acting or exerting
force during strokes in one direction only; -- said of a reciprocating
engine, pump, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gle-breast`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lapping
over the breast only far enough to permit of buttoning, and having
buttons on one edge only; as, a <i>single-breasted</i>
coast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gle-foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An irregular
gait of a horse; -- called also <i>single-footed pace</i>. See
<u>Single</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Single-foot</i> is an irregular pace, rather rare,
distinguished by the posterior extremities moving in the order of a
fast walk, and the anterior extremities in that of a slow
trot.</blockquote> <i>Stillman (The Horse in Motion.)</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gle-hand"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having but
one hand, or one workman; also, alone; unassisted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gle-heart"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having an
honest heart; free from duplicity.</def> -- <wf>Sin"gle-
heart"ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gle-mind"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
single purpose; hence, artless; guileless; single-hearted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gle*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being single, or separate from all
others; the opposite of doubleness, complication, or
multiplicity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Freedom from duplicity, or secondary and
selfish ends; purity of mind or purpose; simplicity; sincerity; as,
<i>singleness</i> of purpose; <i>singleness</i> of heart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gles</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Single</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gle*stick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>In England and Scotland, a cudgel used in
fencing or fighting; a backsword.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
game played with singlesticks, in which he who first brings blood from
his adversary's head is pronounced victor; backsword;
cudgeling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"glet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An unlined or
undyed waistcoat; a single garment; -- opposed to
<i>doublet</i>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sin"gle*ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In certain
games at cards, as whist, a single card of any suit held at the deal
by a player; as, to lead a <i>singleton</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gle*tree`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Swingletree</u>.] <def>The pivoted or swinging bar to which the
traces of a harnessed horse are fixed; a whiffletree.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When two horses draw abreast, a <i>singletree</i> is fixed
at each end of another crosspiece, called the <i>doubletree</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Sin"gly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Individually; particularly; severally; as, to make men
<i>singly</i> and personally good.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Only; by one's self; alone.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Look thee, 't is so! Thou <i>singly</i> honest
man.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Without partners, companions, or
associates; single-handed; as, to attack another
<i>singly</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At omber <i>singly</i> to decide their
doom.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Honestly; sincerely; simply.</def> [R.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Singularly; peculiarly.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sing"-sing`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The kob.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sing"song`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Bad singing or poetry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A drawling or monotonous tone, as of a
badly executed song.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sing"song`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Drawling;
monotonous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sing"song`</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To write poor
poetry.</def> [R.]  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sing"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
songstress.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gu*lar</hw> (s&ibreve;&nsm;"g&usl;*l&etilde;r),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>singuler</i>, F. <i>singulier</i>, fr. L.
<i>singularius</i>, <i>singularis</i>, fr. <i>singulus</i> single. See
<u>Single</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Separate
or apart from others; single; distinct.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And God forbid that all a company<BR>
Should rue a <i>singular</i> man's folly.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Engaged in by only one on a side;
single.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To try the matter thus together in a <i>singular</i>
combat.</blockquote> <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>Existing by itself; single;
individual.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The idea which represents one . . . determinate thing,
is called a <i>singular</i> idea, whether simple, complex, or
compound.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Each; individual; as, to
convey several parcels of land, all and <i>singular</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Denoting one person or
thing; as, the <i>singular</i> number; -- opposed to <i>dual</i> and
<i>plural</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Standing by itself; out of the ordinary
course; unusual; uncommon; strange; as, a <i>singular</i>
phenomenon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So <i>singular</i> a sadness<BR>
Must have a cause as strange as the effect.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Distinguished as existing in a very high
degree; rarely equaled; eminent; extraordinary; exceptional; as, a man
of <i>singular</i> gravity or attainments.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Departing from general usage or
expectations; odd; whimsical; -- often implying disapproval or
censure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His zeal<BR>
None seconded, as out of season judged,<BR>
Or <i>singular</i> and rash.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To be <i>singular</i> in anything that is wise and
worthy, is not a disparagement, but a praise.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Being alone; belonging to, or being, that
of which there is but one; unique.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These busts of the emperors and empresses are all very
scarce, and some of them almost <i>singular</i> in their
kind.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Singular point in a curve</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a
point at which the curve possesses some peculiar properties not
possessed by other points of the curve, as a cusp point, or a multiple
point.</cd> -- <col><b>Singular proposition</b></col> <i>(Logic)</i>,
<cd>a proposition having as its subject a singular term, or a common
term limited to an individual by means of a singular sign.</cd>
<i>Whately.</i> -- <col><b>Singular succession</b></col> <i>(Civil
Law)</i>, <cd>division among individual successors, as distinguished
from <i>universal succession</i>, by which an estate descended in
intestacy to the heirs in mass.</cd> -- <col><b>Singular
term</b></col> <i>(Logic)</i>, <cd>a term which represents or stands
for a single individual.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Unexampled; unprecedented; eminent; extraordinary;
remarkable; uncommon; rare; unusual; peculiar; strange; odd;
eccentric; fantastic.</p>

<p><hw>Sin"gu*lar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An individual instance; a particular.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram)</i> <def>The singular number, or the
number denoting one person or thing; a word in the singular
number.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gu*lar*ist</hw>
(s&ibreve;&nsm;"g&usl;*l&etilde;r*&ibreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who affects singularity.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A clownish <i>singularist</i>, or nonconformist to
ordinary usage.</blockquote> <i>Borrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin`gu*lar"i*ty</hw> (-l&abreve;r"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Singularities</b></plw> (-
t&ibreve;z). [L. <i>singularitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>singularit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or
state of being singular; some character or quality of a thing by which
it is distinguished from all, or from most, others;
peculiarity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pliny addeth this <i>singularity</i> to that soil, that
the second year the very falling down of the seeds yieldeth
corn.</blockquote> <i>Sir. W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I took notice of this little figure for the
<i>singularity</i> of the instrument.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything singular, rare, or
curious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your gallery<BR>
Have we passed through, not without much content<BR>
In many <i>singularities</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Possession of a particular or exclusive
privilege, prerogative, or distinction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No bishop of Rome ever took upon him this name of
<i>singularity</i> [universal bishop].</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Catholicism . . . must be understood in opposition to
the legal <i>singularity</i> of the Jewish nation.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Pearson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Celibacy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gu*lar*ize</hw>
(s&ibreve;&nsm;"g&usl;*l&etilde;r*&imacr;z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To make singular or single; to distinguish.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sin"gu*lar*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a singular manner; in a manner, or to a degree, not common to
others; extraordinarily; as, to be <i>singularly</i> exact in one's
statements; <i>singularly</i> considerate of others.</def>
"<i>Singularly</i> handsome."  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Strangely; oddly; as, to behave
<i>singularly</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>So as to express one, or the singular
number.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gult</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[L. <i>singultus</i>.]
<def>A sigh or sobbing; also, a hiccough.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i>  <i>W. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin*gul"tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Relating to, or affected with, hiccough.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sin*gul"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Hiccough.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Sine</u>.]
<i>(Trig.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a sine; employing, or founded
upon, sines; as, a <i>sinical</i> quadrant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"i*grin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From NL. <i>Sinapis
nigra</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A glucoside found in the seeds of
black mustard (<i>Brassica nigra</i>, formerly <i>Sinapis nigra</i>)
It resembles sinalbin, and consists of a potassium salt of myronic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"is*ter</hw> (s&ibreve;n"&ibreve;s*t&etilde;r; 277),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Accented on the middle syllable by the older
poets, as Shakespeare, Milton, Dryden.] [L. <i>sinister</i>: cf. F.
<i>sinistre</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>On the left hand, or the
side of the left hand; left; -- opposed to <i>dexter</i>, or
<i>right</i>.</def> "Here on his <i>sinister</i> cheek."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My mother's blood<BR>
Runs on the dexter cheek, and this <i>sinister</i><BR>
Bounds in my father's</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In heraldy the <i>sinister</i> side of an escutcheon is the
side which would be on the left of the bearer of the shield, and
opposite the right hand of the beholder.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unlucky; inauspicious; disastrous;
injurious; evil; -- the left being usually regarded as the unlucky
side; as, <i>sinister</i> influences.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the several ills that visit earth,<BR>
Brought forth by night, with a <i>sinister</i> birth.</blockquote>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Wrong, as springing from indirection or
obliquity; perverse; dishonest; corrupt; as, <i>sinister</i>
aims.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nimble and <i>sinister</i> tricks and
shifts.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He scorns to undermine another's interest by any
<i>sinister</i> or inferior arts.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He read in their looks . . . <i>sinister</i> intentions
directed particularly toward himself.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Indicative of lurking evil or harm; boding
covert danger; as, a <i>sinister</i> countenance.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bar sinister</b></col>. <i>(Her.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Bar</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Sinister
aspect</b></col> <i>(Astrol.)</i>, <cd>an appearance of two planets
happening according to the succession of the signs, as Saturn in
Aries, and Mars in the same degree of Gemini.</cd> -- <col><b>Sinister
base</b></col>, <col><b>Sinister chief</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Escutcheon</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sin"is*ter-hand"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Left-
handed; hence, unlucky.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Lovelace.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"is*ter*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sinister
manner.</def>  <i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"is*trad</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sinistra</i> the left hand + <i>ad</i> to.] <i>(Anat. &
Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Toward the left side; sinistrally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"is*tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to the left, inclining to the left; sinistrous;
-- opposed to <i>dextral</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the whorls of
the spire revolving or rising to the left; reversed; -- said of
certain spiral shells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin`is*tral"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being sinistral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"is*tral*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the
left; in a sinistral manner.</def>  <i>J. Le Conte.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"is*trin</hw> (s&ibreve;n"&ibreve;s*tr&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sinister</i> left.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
mucilaginous carbohydrate, resembling achro&ouml;dextrin, extracted
from squill as a colorless amorphous substance; -- so called because
it is levorotatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin`is*tror"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sinistrorsus</i>, <i>sinistroversus</i>, turned toward the left
side; <i>sinister</i> left + <i>vertere</i>, <i>vortere</i>,
<i>versum</i>, <i>vorsum</i>, to turn.] <def>Rising spirally from
right to left (of the spectator); sinistrorse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"is*trorse`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sinistrolsal</u>.] <def>Turning to the left (of the spectator) in
the ascending line; -- the opposite of <i>dextrorse</i>. See
<u>Dextrorse</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"is*trous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sinister</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being on the left side;
inclined to the left; sinistral.</def> "<i>Sinistrous</i> gravity."
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1345 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wrong; absurd; perverse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A knave or fool can do no harm, even by the most
<i>sinistrous</i> and absurd choice.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"is*trous*ly</hw>
(s&ibreve;n"&ibreve;s*tr&ubreve;s*l&ybreve;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a sinistrous manner; perversely; wrongly;
unluckily.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With a tendency to use the left
hand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many, in their infancy, are <i>sinistrously</i>
disposed, and divers continue all their life left-handed.</blockquote>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sink</hw> (s&ibreve;&nsm;k), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Sunk</u> (s&ubreve;&nsm;k), or (<u>Sank</u>
(s&abreve;&nsm;k)); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sunk</u> (obs.
<u>Sunken</u>, -- now used as <pos><i>adj.</i></pos>); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Sinking</u>.] [OE. <i>sinken</i>, AS.
<i>sincan</i>; akin to D. <i>zinken</i>, OS. <i>sincan</i>, G.
<i>sinken</i>, Icel. <i>s&ouml;kkva</i>, Dan. <i>synke</i>, Sw.
<i>sjunka</i>, Goth. <i>siggan</i>, and probably to E. <i>silt</i>.
Cf. <u>Silt</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fall by, or as by, the
force of gravity; to descend lower and lower; to decline gradually; to
subside; as, a stone <i>sinks</i> in water; waves rise and
<i>sink</i>; the sun <i>sinks</i> in the west.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>sink</i> in deep mire.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxix.
2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To enter deeply; to fall or retire beneath
or below the surface; to penetrate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stone <i>sunk</i> into his forehead.</blockquote>
<i>1 San. xvii. 49.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to enter so as to make an abiding
impression; to enter completely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let these sayings <i>sink</i> down into your
ears.</blockquote> <i>Luke ix. 44.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be overwhelmed or depressed; to fall
slowly, as so the ground, from weakness or from an overburden; to fail
in strength; to decline; to decay; to decrease.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I think our country <i>sinks</i> beneath the
yoke.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>sunk</i> down in his chariot.</blockquote> <i>2
Kings ix. 24.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let not the fire <i>sink</i> or slacken.</blockquote>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To decrease in volume, as a river; to
subside; to become diminished in volume or in apparent
height.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Alps and Pyreneans <i>sink</i> before
him.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To fall; subside; drop; droop; lower; decline;
decay; decrease; lessen.</p>

<p><hw>Sink</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to sink; to put under water; to immerse or submerge in a fluid;
as, to <i>sink</i> a ship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[The Athenians] fell upon the wings and <i>sank</i> a
single ship.</blockquote> <i>Jowett (Thucyd.).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively: To cause to decline; to
depress; to degrade; hence, to ruin irretrievably; to destroy, as by
drowping; as, to <i>sink</i> one's reputation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I raise of <i>sink</i>, imprison or set
free.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If I have a conscience, let it <i>sink</i>
me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy cruel and unnatural lust of power<BR>
Has <i>sunk</i> thy father more than all his years.</blockquote>
<i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make (a depression) by digging, delving,
or cutting, etc.; as, to <i>sink</i> a pit or a well; to <i>sink</i> a
die.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To bring low; to reduce in quantity; to
waste.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You <i>sunk</i> the river repeated
draughts.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To conseal and appropriate.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><blockquote>If sent with ready money to buy anything, and you
happen to be out of pocket, <i>sink</i> the money, and take up the
goods on account.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To keep out of sight; to suppress; to
ignore.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A courtly willingness to <i>sink</i> obnoxious
truths.</blockquote> <i>Robertson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To reduce or extinguish by payment; as, to
<i>sink</i> the national debt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sink</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A drain
to carry off filthy water; a jakes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A shallow box or vessel of wood, stone,
iron, or other material, connected with a drain, and used for
receiving filthy water, etc., as in a kitchen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A hole or low place in land or rock, where
waters sink and are lost; -- called also <i>sink hole</i>.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Sink hole</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The opening to
a sink drain</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A cesspool</cd>.
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>Same as <u>Sink</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
3.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sink"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, sinks.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A weight on
something, as on a fish line, to sink it.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>In knitting machines, one of the thin plates, blades, or other
devices, that depress the loops upon or between the needles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dividing sinker</b></col>, <cd>in knitting machines, a
sinker between two jack sinkers and acting alternately with them.</cd>
-- <col><b>Jack sinker</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Jack</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Sinker bar</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>In knitting machines, a bar to which one set
of the sinkers is attached</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In deep well
boring, a heavy bar forming a connection between the lifting rope and
the boring tools, above the jars.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sink"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Sink</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sinking fund</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Fund</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sinking head</b></col> <i>(Founding)</i>, <cd>a riser from
which the mold is fed as the casting shrinks. See <u>Riser</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</cd> -- <col><b>Sinking pump</b></col>, <cd>a
pump which can be lowered in a well or a mine shaft as the level of
the water sinks.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sin"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
sin.</def>  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sin"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sin"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sin"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who has sinned;
especially, one who has sinned without repenting; hence, a persistent
and incorrigible transgressor; one condemned by the law of
God.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"ner</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act as a
sinner.</def> [Humorous]</p>

<p><blockquote>Whether the charmer <i>sinner</i> it or saint
it.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"ner*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
sins.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sin"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Sennit</u>
.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin`o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sinologue</u>.] <def>Relating to the Chinese language or
literature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*nol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sinologue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"o*logue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>Sinae</i>, an Oriental people mentioned by Ptolemy, or Ar.
<i>Sin</i> China or the Chinese + Gr. &?;&?;&?; discourse; formed like
<i>theologue</i>: cf. F. <i>sinologue</i>.] <def>A student of Chinese;
one versed in the Chinese language, literature, and history.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sinologie</i>.] <def>That branch of systemized knowledge which
treats of the Chinese, their language, literature, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"o*per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Sinople.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Si*no"pi*a</hw> (?), <hw>Si*no"pis</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A red pigment made from sinopite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"o*pite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>sinopis</i> (sc. <i>terra</i>), a red earth or ocher found in
<i>Sinope</i>, a town in Paphlagoma, on the Black Sea, Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A brickred ferruginous clay used by
the ancients for red paint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"o*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Ferruginous quartz, of a blood-red or brownish red color,
sometimes with a tinge of yellow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"o*ple</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL.
<i>sinopis</i>. See <u>Sinople</u> a mineral.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>The
tincture vert; green.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sinque</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cinque</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sins"ring</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Banxring</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.  Cf. <u>Cinder</u>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>Dross, as of iron; the scale which files from iron
when hammered; -- applied as a name to various minerals.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Calcareous sinter</b></col>, <cd>a loose banded variety of
calcite formed by deposition from lime-bearing waters; calcareous
tufa; travertine.</cd> -- <col><b>Ceraunian sinter</b></col>,
<cd>fulgurite.</cd> -- <col><b>Siliceous sinter</b></col>, <cd>a light
cellular or fibrous opal; especially, geyserite (see
<u>Geyserite</u>). It has often a pearly luster, and is then called
<i>pearl sinter</i>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sin"to</hw> (?), or <hw>Sin"tu</hw> (?), <hw>Sin"to*ism</hw>
(?), <hw>Sin"to*ist</hw>  }. <def>See <u>Shinto</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sin"toc</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of spice
used in the East Indies, consisting of the bark of a species of
<i>Cinnamomum.</i></def> [Written also <i>sindoc</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sin"u*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sinuatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>sinuare</i> to wind, bend, fr. <i>sinus</i> a bend.]
<def>Having the margin alternately curved inward and outward; having
rounded lobes separated by rounded sinuses; sinuous; wavy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"u*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sinuated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sinuating</u>.] <def>To bend or curve in and out; to wind; to turn;
to be sinuous.</def>  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"u*a`ted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Sinuate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin`u*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sinuatio</i>.] <def>A winding or bending in and out.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"u*ose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sinuous.</def>
<i>Loudon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin`u*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sinuosities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F. <i>sinuosit&eacute;</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Quality or state of being sinuous.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bend, or a series of bends and turns; a
winding, or a series of windings; a wave line; a curve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A line of coast certainly amounting, with its
<i>sinuosities</i>, to more than 700 miles.</blockquote> <i>Sydney
Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sinuosus</i>,
fr. <i>sinus</i> a bent surface, a curve: cf. F. <i>sinueux</i>. See
<u>Sinus</u>.] <def>Bending in and out; of a serpentine or undulating
form; winding; crooked.</def> -- <wf>Sin"u*ous*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Streaking the ground with <i>sinuous</i>
trace.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Gardens bright with <i>sinuous</i> rills.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si`nu*pal"li*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a pallial sinus. See under
<u>Sinus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Sinus</b></plw>, E. <plw><b>Sinuses</b></plw> (#). [L., a bent
surface, a curve, the folds or bosom of a garment, etc., a bay.  Cf.
<u>Sine</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An opening;
a hollow; a bending.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bay of the sea; a recess in the
shore.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat. & Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A cavity; a
depression.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A cavity in a
bone or other part, either closed or with a narrow opening.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A dilated vessel or canal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A narrow, elongated cavity,
in which pus is collected; an elongated abscess with only a small
orifice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A depression between
adjoining lobes.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A sinus may be rounded, as in the leaf of the white oak, or
acute, as in that of the red maple.</p>

<p><col><b>Pallial sinus</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Pallial</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sinus venosus</b></col> (?). [L.,
venous dilatation.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The main
part of the cavity of the right auricle of the heart in the higher
vertebrates.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In the lower vertebrates, a
distinct chamber of the heart formed by the union of the large
systematic veins and opening into the auricle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Si"nus*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sinus</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The curve whose ordinates are
proportional to the sines of the abscissas, the equation of the curve
being <i>y = a sin x</i>. It is also called the <i>curve of
sines</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si`nus*oid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a sinusoid; like a sinusoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sio"goon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shogun</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sio*goon"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shogunate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sioux</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. sing. & pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>See <u>Dakotas</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sip</hw> (s&ibreve;p), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sipped</u> (s&ibreve;pt); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sipping</u>.] [OE. <i>sippen</i>; akin to OD.
<i>sippen</i>, and AS. <i>s&umacr;pan</i> to sip, suck up, drink. See
<u>Sup</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To drink
or imbibe in small quantities; especially, to take in with the lips in
small quantities, as a liquid; as, to <i>sip</i> tea.</def> "Every
herb that <i>sips</i> the dew."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw into the mouth; to suck up; as, a
bee <i>sips</i> nectar from the flowers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To taste the liquor of; to drink out
of.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>They skim the floods, and <i>sip</i> the purple
flowers.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sip</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To drink a small
quantity; to take a fluid with the lips; to take a sip or sips of
something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[She] raised it to her mouth with sober grace;<BR>
Then, <i>sipping</i>, offered to the next in place.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sip</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of sipping; the taking of a liquid with the lips.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small draught taken with the lips; a
slight taste.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One <i>sip</i> of this<BR>
Will bathe the drooping spirits in delight<BR>
Beyond the bliss of dreams.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>sip</i> is all that the public ever care to take
from reservoirs of abstract philosophy.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sip"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Seepage</u>.</def> [Scot. & U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sipe</hw> (s&imacr;p), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Seep</u>.</def> [Scot. & U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Siph"i*lis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Syphilis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"phoid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sipho</i> a
siphon + <i>-oid</i>: cf. F. <i>vase sipho&iuml;de</i>.] <def>A siphon
bottle. See under <u>Siphon</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Si"phon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>siphon</i>, L.
<i>sipho</i>, <i>-onis</i>, fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?; a siphon, tube, pipe.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A device, consisting of a pipe or tube bent so
as to form two branches or legs of unequal length, by which a liquid
can be transferred to a lower level, as from one vessel to another,
over an intermediate elevation, by the action of the pressure of the
atmosphere in forcing the liquid up the shorter branch of the pipe
immersed in it, while the continued excess of weight of the liquid in
the longer branch (when once filled) causes a continuous flow. The
flow takes place only when the discharging extremity of the pipe ia
lower than the higher liquid surface, and when no part of the pipe is
higher above the surface than the same liquid will rise by atmospheric
pressure; that is, about 33 feet for water, and 30 inches for mercury,
near the sea level.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One
of the tubes or folds of the mantle border of a bivalve or gastropod
mollusk by which water is conducted into the gill cavity. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Mya</u>, and <u>Lamellibranchiata</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The anterior prolongation of the margin of
any gastropod shell for the protection of the soft siphon.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The tubular organ through which water is
ejected from the gill cavity of a cephaloid. It serves as a locomotive
organ, by guiding and confining the jet of water. Called also
<i>siphuncle</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Loligo</u>, and
<u>Dibranchiata</u>.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The siphuncle of a
cephalopod shell.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>The sucking proboscis
of certain parasitic insects and crustaceans.</def>
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>A sproutlike prolongation in front of the
mouth of many gephyreans.</def> <sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <def>A tubular
organ connected both with the esophagus and the intestine of certain
sea urchins and annelids.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A siphon bottle.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Inverted siphon</b></col>, <cd>a tube bent like a siphon,
but having the branches turned upward; specifically <i>(Hydraulic
Engineering)</i>, a pipe for conducting water beneath a depressed
place, as from one hill to another across an intervening valley,
following the depression of the ground.</cd> -- <col><b>Siphon
barometer</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Barometer</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Siphon bottle</b></col>, <cd>a bottle for holding a&euml;rated
water, which is driven out through a bent tube in the neck by the gas
within the bottle when a valve in the tube is opened; -- called also
<i>gazogene</i>, and <i>siphoid</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Siphon
condenser</b></col>, <cd>a condenser for a steam engine, in which the
vacuum is maintained by the downward flow of water through a vertical
pipe of great height.</cd> -- <col><b>Siphon cup</b></col>, <cd>a cup
with a siphon attached for carrying off any liquid in it; specifically
<i>(Mach.)</i>, an oil cup in which oil is carried over the edge of a
tube in a cotton wick, and so reaches the surface to be
lubricated.</cd> -- <col><b>Siphon gauge</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Gauge</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Siphon pump</b></col>, <cd>a jet pump.
See under <u>Jet</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Si"phon</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>To convey, or draw off, by means of a siphon, as a liquid from
one vessel to another at a lower level.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"phon*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The action of a
siphon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"phon*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to a siphon; resembling a siphon.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Siphonal stomach</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
stomach which is tubular and bent back upon itself, like a siphon, as
in the salmon.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Si`pho*na"rid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of limpet-shaped
pulmonate gastropods of the genus <i>Siphonaria</i>. They cling to
rocks between high and low water marks and have both lunglike organs
and gills.</def> -- <wf>Si`pho*na"rid</wf>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Si`pho*na"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tribe of bivalve mollusks in which the
posterior mantle border is prolonged into two tubes or siphons. Called
also <i>Siphoniata</i>. See <u>Siphon</u>, 2 <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>, and
<u>Quahaug</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"phon*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having a siphon or siphons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Belonging to the
Siphonata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"phon*et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the two dorsal tubular organs on the hinder part of the
abdomen of aphids. They give exit to the honeydew. See <i>Illust.</i>
under <u>Aphis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si*pho"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A former name for a euphorbiaceous genus
(<i>Hevea</i>) of South American trees, the principal source of
caoutchouc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si*pho`ni*a"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Siphonata</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*phon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to a siphon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*phon"i*fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>sipho</i>, <i>-onis</i>, siphon + <i>ferre</i> to bear.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any cephalopod having a siphonate
shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"phon*if"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Siphon</i>
+ <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Siphon-bearing, as the
shell of the nautilus and other cephalopods.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si*pho"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Siphonia</b></plw> (#). [NL., from Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;, dim. of
&?;&?;&?;&?;. See <u>Siphon</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A bony tube
which, in some birds, connects the tympanium with the air chambers of
the articular piece of the mandible.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si`pho*no*bran`chi*a"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL. See <u>Siphon</u>, and <u>Branchia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A tribe of gastropods having the mantle border, on one or both
sides, prolonged in the form of a spout through which water enters the
gill cavity. The shell itself is not always siphonostomatous in this
group.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1346 !></p>

<p><hw>Si`pho*no*bran"chi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a siphon, or siphons, to convey water
to the gills; belonging or pertaining to the Siphonobranchiata.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Siphonobranchiata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si`pho*nog"ly*phe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Siphon</i>
+  Gr. &?;&?;&?; to engrave.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
gonidium.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si`pho*noph"o*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;&?;&?; a siphon + &?;&?;&?;&?; to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An order of pelagic Hydrozoa including species which form complex
free-swimming communities composed of numerous zooids of various
kinds, some of which act as floats or as swimming organs, others as
feeding or nutritive zooids, and others as reproductive zooids. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Physallia</u>, and <u>Porpita</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si`pho*noph"o*ran</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Belonging to the Siphonophora.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Siphonophora.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*phon"o*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Siphonophora.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si`pho*nop"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Siphon</u>, and <u>-poda</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division
of Scaphopoda including those in which the foot terminates in a
circular disk.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si`pho*no*stom"a*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Siphon</u>, and <u>Stoma</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A tribe of parasitic copepod Crustacea
including a large number of species that are parasites of fishes, as
the lerneans. They have a mouth adapted to suck blood.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An artificial division of gastropods
including those that have siphonostomatous shells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si`pho*no*stom"a*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having the front edge of
the aperture of the shell prolonged in the shape of a channel for the
protection of the siphon; -- said of certain gastropods.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Pertaining to the Siphonostomata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si`pho*nos"tome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; a
siphon + &?;&?;&?; mouth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Any parasitic entomostracan of the tribe Siphonostomata.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A siphonostomatous shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si`pho*rhi"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Siphon</i> +
<i>rhinal</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having tubular nostrils, as
the petrels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si`pho*rhin"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A siphorhinal bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"phun`cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>siphunculus</i>, <i>sipunculus</i>, dim. of <i>sipho</i>. See
<u>Siphon</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The tube which runs through
the partitions of chambered cephalopod shells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"phun`cled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having a siphuncle; siphunculated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*phun"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the siphuncle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*phun"cu*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a siphuncle.</def>  <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sip"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Insipid</u>,
<u>Sapid</u>.] <def>Having a taste or flavorl savory; sapid.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sip"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whi
sips.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sip"pet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sip</u>,
<u>Sop</u>.] <def>A small sop; a small, thin piece of toasted bread
soaked in milk, broth, or the like; a small piece of toasted or fried
bread cut into some special shape and used for garnishing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your sweet <i>sippets</i> in widows'
houses.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sip"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Freq. of
<i>sip</i>.] <def>To sip often.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Sip"pling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sipping
often.</def> [Obs.] "Taken after a <i>sippling</i> sort."
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Si*pun`cu*la"ce*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from <i>Sipunculus</i>, the typical genus. See <u>Siphuncle</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A suborder of Gephyrea, including those which
have the body unarmed and the intestine opening anteriorly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*pun"cu*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>Sipunculus</i>, the typical genus + <i>-oid</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the Sipunculoidea.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Sipunculoidea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si*pun`cu*loi"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Same as
<u>Gephyrea</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In a restricted sense,
same as <u>Sipunculacea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si` quis"</hw> (?). [L., if any one (the first words of the
notice in Latin).] <i>(Ch. of Eng.)</i> <def>A notification by a
candidate for orders of his intention to inquire whether any
impediment may be alleged against him.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sire</i>, F.
<i>sire</i>, contr. from the nominative L. <i>senior</i> an elder,
elderly person, compar. of <i>senex</i>,<i>senis</i>, an aged person;
akin to Gr. &?;&?;&?; old, Skr. <i>sana</i>, Goth. <i>sineigs</i> old,
<i>sinista</i> eldest, Ir. & Gael. <i>sean</i> old, W. <i>hen</i>.
Cf. <u>Seignior</u>, <u>Senate</u>, <u>Seneschal</u>, <u>Senior</u>,
<u>Senor</u>, <u>Signor</u>, <u>Sire</u>, <u>Sirrah</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A man of social authority and dignity; a lord;
a master; a gentleman; -- in this sense usually spelled
<i>sire</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He was crowned lord and <i>sire</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In the election of a <i>sir</i> so rare.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A title prefixed to the Christian name of a
knight or a baronet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sir</i> Horace Vere, his brother, was the principal
in the active part.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An English rendering of the LAtin
<i>Dominus</i>, the academical title of a bachelor of arts; --
formerly colloquially, and sometimes contemptuously, applied to the
clergy.</def>  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Instead of a faithful and painful teacher, they hire a
<i>Sir</i> John, which hath better skill in playing at tables, or in
keeping of a garden, than in God's word.</blockquote>
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A respectful title, used in addressing a
man, without being prefixed to his name; -- used especially in
speaking to elders or superiors; sometimes, also, used in the way of
emphatic formality.</def> "What's that to you, <i>sir</i>?"
<i>Sheridan.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Anciently, this title, was often used when a person was
addressed as a man holding a certain office, or following a certain
business. "<i>Sir</i> man of law." "<i>Sir</i> parish priest."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sir reverance</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Reverence</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Si*ras"kier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Seraskier</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*ras"kier*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Seraskierate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sir*bo"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Serbonian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sir*car"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. & Per.
<i>sark&amacr;r</i> a superintendant, overseer, chief; Per. <i>sar</i>
the head + <i>k&amacr;r</i> action, work.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
Hindoo clerk or accountant.</def> [India]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A district or province; a circar.</def>
[India]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The government; the supreme authority of
the state.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>Sir*dar"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. & Per.
<i>sard&amacr;r</i> a chief, general; <i>sar</i> the head, top +
<i>d&amacr;r</i> holding, possessing.] <def>A native chief in
Hindostan; a headman.</def>  <i>Malcom.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sire</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sire</i>,
originally, an older person. See <u>Sir</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A lord, master, or other person in authority. See
<u>Sir</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Pain and distress, sickness and ire,<BR>
And melancholy that angry <i>sire</i>,<BR>
Be of her palace senators.</blockquote> <i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tittle of respect formerly used in
speaking to elders and superiors, but now only in addressing a
sovereign.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A father; the head of a family; the
husband.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Jankin thet was our <i>sire</i> [i.e.,
husband].</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And raise his issue, like a loving
<i>sire</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A creator; a maker; an author; an
originator.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] was the <i>sire</i> of an immortal
strain.</blockquote> <i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The male parent of a beast; -- applied
especially to horses; as, the horse had a good <i>sire</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sire</i> is often used in composition; as in
grand<i>sire</i>, grandfather; great-grand<i>sire</i>, great-
grandfather.</p>

<p><hw>Sire</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sired</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Siring</u>.] <def>To beget; to procreate; -- used of beasts, and
especially of stallions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*re"don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?;&?;&?; a siren.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The larval form of any
salamander while it still has external gills; especially, one of those
which, like the axolotl (<i>Amblystoma Mexicanum</i>), sometimes lay
eggs while in this larval state, but which under more favorable
conditions lose their gills and become normal salamanders. See also
<u>Axolotl</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"ren</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;:
cf. F. <i>sir&egrave;ne</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Class. Myth.)</i>
<def>One of three sea nymphs, -- or, according to some writers, of
two, -- said to frequent an island near the coast of Italy, and to
sing with such sweetness that they lured mariners to
destruction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Next where the <i>sirens</i> dwell you plow the
seas;<BR>
Their song is death, and makes destruction please.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An enticing, dangerous woman.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Something which is insidious or
deceptive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Consumption is a <i>siren</i>.</blockquote> <i>W.
Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A mermaid.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any long, slender
amphibian of the genus <i>Siren</i> or family <i>Sirenid&aelig;</i>,
destitute of hind legs and pelvis, and having permanent external gills
as well as lungs. They inhabit the swamps, lagoons, and ditches of the
Southern United States. The more common species (<i>Siren
lacertina</i>) is dull lead-gray in color, and becames two feet
long.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> [F. <i>sir&egrave;ne</i>, properly, a siren in
sense 1.] <i>(Acoustics)</i> <def>An instrument for producing musical
tones and for ascertaining the number of sound waves or vibrations per
second which produce a note of a given pitch. The sounds are produced
by a perforated rotating disk or disks. A form with two disks operated
by steam or highly compressed air is used sounding an alarm to vessels
in fog.</def> [Written also <i>sirene</i>, and <i>syren</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Si"ren</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
siren; bewitching, like a siren; fascinating; alluring; as, a
<i>siren</i> song.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*rene"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Siren</u>,
6.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*re"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of large aquatic herbivorous
mammals, including the manatee, dugong, rytina, and several fossil
genera.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The hind limbs are either rudimentary or wanting, and the
front ones are changed to paddles. They have horny plates on the front
part of the jaws, and usually flat-crowned molar teeth. The stomach is
complex and the intestine long, as in other herbivorous mammals. See
<u>Cetacea</u> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</p>

<p><hw>Si*re"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of Sirenia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*ren"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like, or
appropriate to, a siren; fascinating; deceptive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here's couple of <i>sirenical</i> rascals shall enchant
ye.</blockquote> <i>Marton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si"ren*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To use the
enticements of a siren; to act as a siren; to fascinate.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si*ri"a*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?;, fr. &?;&?;&?; the Dog Star, properly, scorching.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A sunstroke.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The act of exposing to a sun bath. [Obs.] Cf.
<u>Insolation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sir"i*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;,
properly, scorching.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The Dog Star. See <u>Dog
Star</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sir"keer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of Asiatic cuckoos of the genus
<i>Taccocua</i>, as the Bengal <i>sirkeer</i> (<i>T.
sirkee</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sir"loin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of
<i>surloin</i>. Not so called because this cut of beef was once
jocosely knighted (dubbed Sir Loin) by an English king, as according
to a popular story.] <def>A loin of beef, or a part of a loin.</def>
[Written also <i>surloin</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sir"name`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Surname</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"roc</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sirocco</u>.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si*roc"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Siroccos</b></plw> (?). [It. <i>sirocco</i>, <i>scirocco</i>,
Ar. <i>shorug</i>, fr. <i>sharq</i> the rising of the sun, the east,
fr, <i>sharaca</i> to rise as the sun.  Cf. <u>Saracen</u>.] <def>An
oppressive, relaxing wind from the Libyan deserts, chiefly experienced
in Italy, Malta, and Sicily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sir"rah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably from Icel.
<i>s&imacr;ra</i>, fr. F. <i>sire</i>. See <u>Sir</u>.] <def>A term of
address implying inferiority and used in anger, contempt, reproach, or
disrespectful familiarity, addressed to a man or boy, but sometimes to
a woman. In sililoquies often preceded by <i>ah</i>. Not used in the
plural.</def> "Ah, <i>sirrah</i> mistress."
  <i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Go, <i>sirrah</i>, to my cell.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sirt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Syrt</u>.] <def>A
quicksand.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sir"up</hw> (?) <hw>Syr"up</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sirop</i> (cf. It. <i>siroppo</i>, Sp. <i>jarabe</i>,
<i>jarope</i>, LL. <i>siruppus</i>, <i>syrupus</i>), fr. Ar.
<i>shar&amacr;b</i> a drink, wine, coffee, sirup.  Cf.
<u>Sherbet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thick and viscid liquid
made from the juice of fruits, herbs, etc., boiled with
sugar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thick and viscid saccharine solution of
superior quality (as sugarhouse <i>sirup</i> or molasses, maple
<i>sirup</i>); specifically, in pharmacy and often in cookery, a
saturated solution of sugar and water (<i>simple sirup</i>), or such a
solution flavored or medicated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lucent <i>sirups</i> tinct with cinnamon.</blockquote>
<i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Mixing sirup</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Dextrose</u>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sir"uped</hw> (?), <hw>Syr"uped</hw>  }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Moistened, covered, or sweetened with sirup, or sweet
juice.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sir"up*y</hw> (?), <hw>Syr"up*y</hw>  }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Like sirup, or partaking of its qualities.</def>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sir`vente"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sirvente</i>, fr. Pr. <i>sirventes</i>, <i>sirventesc</i>,
originally, the poem of, or concerning, a <i>sirvent</i>, fr.
<i>sirvent</i>, properly, serving, n., one who serves (<i>e. g.</i>,
as a soldier), fr. <i>servir</i> to serve, L. <i>servire</i>.] <def>A
peculiar species of poetry, for the most part devoted to moral and
religious topics, and commonly satirical, -- often used by the
troubadours of the Middle Ages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A colloquial
abbreviation of <u>Sister</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Six. See
<u>Sise</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Si*sal" grass`</hw> (?), <hw>Si*sal" hemp`</hw> (?),}
<def>The prepared fiber of the <i>Agave Americana</i>, or American
aloe, used for cordage; -- so called from <i>Sisal</i>, a port in
Yucatan. See <i>Sisal hemp</i>, under <u>Hemp</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sis"co*wet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF American Indian
origin.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large, fat variety of the
namaycush found in Lake Superior; -- called also <i>siskawet</i>,
<i>siskiwit</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Assize</u>.]
<def>An assize.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sice</u>.]
<def>Six; the highest number on a die; the cast of six in throwing
dice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the new casting of a die, when ace is on the top,
<i>sise</i> must needs be at the bottom.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sis"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>ziesel</i>.
Cf. <u>Zizel</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The suslik.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"ser</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Cider. See
<u>Sicer</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sis"e*ra*ra</hw> (?), <hw>Sis"e*ra*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hard blow.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sis"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dan. <i>sisgen</i>; cf.
Sw. <i>siska</i>, G. <i>zeisig</i>, D. <i>sijsje</i>; of Slav. origin;
cf. Pol. <i>czy&?;</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A small green and yellow European finch (<i>Spinus spinus</i>, or
<i>Carduelis spinus</i>); -- called also <i>aberdevine</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The American pinefinch (<i>S. pinus</i>); --
called also <i>pine siskin</i>. See <u>Pinefinch</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is applied also to several other related species
found in Asia and South America.</p>

<p><col><b>Siskin green</b></col>, <cd>a delicate shade of yellowish
green, as in the mineral torbernite.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sis"ki*wit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The siscowet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sis"mo*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Seismograph</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sis*mom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Seismometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Siss</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Of imitative origin;
cf. D. <i>sissen</i>, G. <i>zischen</i>.] <def>To make a hissing
sound; as, a flatiron hot enough to <i>siss</i> when touched with a
wet finger.</def> [Colloq. U. S.; Local, Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Siss</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hissing noise.</def>
[Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sis*soo"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>s&imacr;s&?;</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A leguminous tree
(<i>Dalbergia Sissoo</i>) of the northern parts of India; also, the
dark brown compact and durable timber obtained from it. It is used in
shipbuilding and for gun carriages, railway ties, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sist</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>sistere</i> to
bring to a stand, to stop.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i>
<def>To stay, as judicial proceedings; to delay or suspend; to
stop.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to take a place, as at the bar of
a court; hence, to cite; to summon; to bring into court.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Some, however, have preposterously <i>sisted</i> nature
as the first or generative principle.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1347 !></p>

<p><hw>Sist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>A
stay or suspension of proceedings; an order for a stay of
proceedings.</def>  <i>Burril.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sis"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sister</i>, fr.
Icel. systir; also <i>suster</i>, from AS. <i>sweostor</i>,
<i>sweoster</i>, <i>swuster</i>, akin to OFries. <i>sweester</i>,
<i>suster</i>, LG. <i>s&uuml;ster</i>, <i>suster</i>, D.
<i>zuster</i>, OS. & OHG. <i>swestar</i>, G. <i>schwester</i>, Icel.
<i>systir</i>, Sw. <i>syster</i>, Dan. <i>s&ouml;ster</i>, Goth.
<i>swistar</i>, Lith. <i>ses&?;</i>, Russ. <i>sestra</i>, Pol.
<i>siostra</i>, L. <i>soror</i>, Skr. <i>svasr</i>. &radic;298.  Cf.
<u>Cousin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A female who has the same
parents with another person, or who has one of them only. In the
latter case, she is more definitely called a <i>half sister</i>. The
correlative of <i>brother</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am the <i>sister</i> of one Claudio.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A woman who is closely allied to, or
assocciated with, another person, as in the sdame faith, society,
order, or community.</def>  <i>James ii. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One of the same kind, or of the same
condition; -- generally used adjectively; as, <i>sister</i>
fruits.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sister Block</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a tackle block
having two sheaves, one above the other.</cd> -- <col><b>Sister
hooks</b></col>, <cd>a pair of hooks fitted together, the shank of one
forming a mousing for the other; -- called also <i>match
hook</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sister of charity</b></col>, <col><b>Sister
of mercy</b></col>. <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Charity</u>,
and <u>Mercy</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sis"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To be sister to; to
resemble closely.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sis"ter*hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sister</i> +
<i>hood</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or relation of being a
sister; the office or duty of a sister.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She . . . abhorr'd<BR>
Her proper blood, and left to do the part<BR>
Of <i>sisterhood</i>, to do that of a wife.</blockquote>
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A society of sisters; a society of women
united in one faith or order; sisters, collectively.</def> "A
<i>sisterhood</i> of holy nuns."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The fair young flowers . . . a beauteous
<i>sisterhood</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sis"ter*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Contiguous.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sis"ter-in-law`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sisters-in-law</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The sister of one's
husband or wife; also, the wife of one's brother; sometimes, the wife
of one's husband's or wife's brother.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sis"ter*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a sister;
becoming a sister, affectionate; as, <i>sisterly</i> kindness;
<i>sisterly</i> remorse.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sis"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[It. <i>sistino</i>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to Pope Sixtus.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sistine chapel</b></col>, <cd>a chapel in the Vatican at
Rome, built by Pope Sixtus IV., and decorated with frescoes by Michael
Angelo and others.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sis"tren</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Sisters.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sis"trum</hw> (?), [L., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;, from &?;&?;&?; to
shake.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An instrument consisting of a thin metal
frame, through which passed a number of metal rods, and furnished with
a handle by which it was shaken and made to rattle. It was peculiarly
Egyptian, and used especially in the worship of Isis. It is still used
in Nubia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sis`y*phe"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
Sisyphus; incessantly recurring; as, <i>Sisyphean</i>
labors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sis"y*phus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Sisyphus</i>,
Sisyphus, fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;.] <i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>A king of
Corinth, son of &AElig;olus, famed for his cunning. He was killed by
Theseus, and in the lower world was condemned by Pluto to roll to the
top of a hill a huge stone, which constantly rolled back again, making
his task incessant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sit</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>obs. 3d pers. sing. pres.</i></pos>
of <u>Sit</u>, for <i>sitteth</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sit</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Sat</u> (?) (<u>Sate</u> (?), archaic); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Sat</u> (<u>Sitten</u> (?), obs.); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sitting</u>.] [OE. <i>sitten</i>, AS.  <i>sittan</i>;
akin to OS. <i>sittian</i>, OFries. <i>sitta</i>, D. <i>zitten</i>, G.
<i>sitzen</i>, OHG. <i>sizzen</i>, Icel. <i>sitja</i>, SW.
<i>sitta</i>, Dan. <i>sidde</i>, Goth. <i>sitan</i>, Russ.
<i>sidiete</i>, L. <i>sedere</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;, Skr. <i>sad</i>.
&radic;154.  Cf. <u>Assess</u>,<u>Assize</u>, <u>Cathedral</u>,
<u>Chair</u>, <u>Dissident</u>, <u>Excise</u>, <u>Insidious</u>,
<u>Possess</u>, <u>Reside</u>, <u>Sanhedrim</u>, <u>Seance</u>,
<u>Seat</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Sedate</u>, <u>4th Sell</u>,
<u>Siege</u>, <u>Session</u>, <u>Set</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>,
<u>Sizar</u>, <u>Size</u>, <u>Subsidy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
rest upon the haunches, or the lower extremity of the trunk of the
body; -- said of human beings, and sometimes of other animals; as, to
<i>sit</i> on a sofa, on a chair, or on the ground.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And he came and took the book put of the right hand of
him that <i>sate</i> upon the seat.</blockquote> <i>Bible (1551) (Rev.
v. 7.)</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I pray you, jest, sir, as you <i>sit</i> at
dinner.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To perch; to rest with the feet drawn up,
as birds do on a branch, pole, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To remain in a state of repose; to rest; to
abide; to rest in any position or condition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And Moses said to . . . the children of Reuben, Shall
your brothren go to war, and shall ye <i>sit</i> here?</blockquote>
<i>Num. xxxii. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a demigod here <i>sit</i> I in the
sky.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To lie, rest, or bear; to press or weigh; -
- with <i>on</i>; as, a weight or burden <i>sits</i> lightly upon
him.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The calamity <i>sits</i> heavy on us.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To be adjusted; to fit; as, a coat
<i>sts</i> well or ill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This new and gorgeous garment, majesty,<BR>
<i>Sits</i> not so easy on me as you think.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To suit one well or ill, as an act; to
become; to befit; -- used impersonally.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To cover and warm eggs for hatching, as a
fowl; to brood; to incubate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As the partridge <i>sitteth</i> on eggs, and hatcheth
them not.</blockquote> <i>Jer. xvii. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To have position, as at the point blown
from; to hold a relative position; to have direction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a good miller that knows how to grind, which way
soever the wind <i>sits</i>.</blockquote> <i>Selden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sits</i> the wind in that quarter?</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To occupy a place or seat as a member of an
official body; as, to <i>sit</i> in Congress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To hold a session; to be in session for
official business; -- said of legislative assemblies, courts, etc.;
as, the court <i>sits</i> in January; the aldermen <i>sit</i> to-
night.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To take a position for the purpose of
having some artistic representation of one's self made, as a picture
or a bust; as, to <i>sit</i> to a painter.</def>
</p>

<p><col><b>To sit at</b></col>, <cd>to rest under; to be subject
to.</cd> [Obs.] "A farmer can not husband his ground so well if he
<i>sit at</i> a great rent". <i>Bacon.</i> -- <col><b>To sit at
meat</b></col> or <col><b>at table</b></col>, <cd>to be at table for
eating.</cd> -- <col><b>To sit down</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To place one's self on a chair or other seat; as, <i>to sit
down</i> when tired</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To begin a siege;
as, the enemy <i>sat down</i> before the town</cd>.
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To settle; to fix a permanent abode</cd>.
<i>Spenser.</i> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To rest; to cease as
satisfied.</cd> "Here we can not <i>sit down</i>, but still proceed in
our search." <i>Rogers.</i> -- <col><b>To sit for a
fellowship</b></col>, <cd>to offer one's self for examination with a
view to obtaining a fellowship.</cd> [Eng. Univ.] -- <col><b>To sit
out</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To be without engagement or
employment</cd>. [Obs.] <i>Bp. Sanderson.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To outstay.</cd> -- <col><b>To sit under</b></col>, <cd>to be
under the instruction or ministrations of; as, <i>to sit under</i> a
preacher; <i>to sit under</i> good preaching.</cd> -- <col><b>To sit
up</b></col>, <cd>to rise from, or refrain from, a recumbent posture
or from sleep; to sit with the body upright; as, <i>to sit up</i> late
at night; also, to watch; as, <i>to sit up</i> with a sick
person.</cd> "He that was dead <i>sat up</i>, and began to speak."
<i>Luke vii. 15.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sit</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To sit upon; to keep one's seat upon; as, he <i>sits</i> a horse
well.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hardly the muse can <i>sit</i> the headstrong
horse.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to be seated or in a sitting
posture; to furnish a seat to; -- used reflexively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>sat</i> them down to weep.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sit</i> you down, father; rest you.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To suit (well or ill); to become.</def>
[Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><hw>Site</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>situs</i>, fr.
<i>sinere</i>, <i>situm</i>, to let, p. p. <i>situs</i> placed, lying,
situate: cf. F. <i>site</i>.  Cf. <u>Position</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The place where anything is fixed; situation; local position; as,
the <i>site</i> of a city or of a house.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place fitted or chosen for any certain
permanent use or occupation; as, a <i>site</i> for a church.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The posture or position of a thing.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The semblance of a lover fixed<BR>
In melancholy <i>site</i>.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sit"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a site;
situated.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[The garden] <i>sited</i> was in fruitful
soil.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sit"fast`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sit</i> +
<i>fast</i>.] <def>Fixed; stationary; immovable.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>'T is good, when you have crossed the sea and back,<BR>
To find the <i>sitfast</i> acres where you left them.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sit"fast`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A
callosity with inflamed edges, on the back of a horse, under the
saddle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sith</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep., adv., & conj.</i></pos> [See
<u>Since</u>.] <def>Since; afterwards; seeing that.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We need not fear them, <i>sith</i> Christ is with
us.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sith</i> thou art rightful judge.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sith</hw> (?), <hw>Sithe</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[AS. &?;&?;&?; a path, way, time, occasion.] <def>Time.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And humbly thanked him a thousand
<i>sithes</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sithe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Sigh</u>.]
<def>To sigh.</def> [A spelling of a corrupt and provincial
pronunciation.]</p>

<p><hw>Sithe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A scythe.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sithe</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cut with a scythe;
to scythe.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sithed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Scythed.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sithe"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mower.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sith"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv. & conj.</i></pos> [See
<u>Since</u>.] <def>Since; afterwards. See 1st <u>Sith</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Fortune was first friend and <i>sithen</i>
foe.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sith"ence</hw>, <hw>Sith"ens</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>adv. &
conj.</i></pos> <def>Since. See <u>Sith</u>, and <u>Sithen</u>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sith"then</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv. & conj.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sithen</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Siththen</i> that the world began.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;
food + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>A treatise on the regulation of the diet;
dietetics.</def> [Written also <i>sitiology</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Si`to*pho"bi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; food + &?;&?;&?;&?; fear.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A version
to food; refusal to take nourishment.</def> [Written also
<i>sitiophobia</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sit"ten</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Sit</u>, for <i>sat</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sit"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who sits; esp., one who sits for a portrait or a
bust.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bird that sits or incubates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sit"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. <i>sitta</i> the
nuthatch, from Gr. &?;&?;&?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the family <i>Sittid&aelig;</i>, or
nuthatches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sit"ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being in the
state, or the position, of one who, or that which, sits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sit"ting</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
state or act of one who sits; the posture of one who occupies a
seat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A seat, or the space occupied by or
allotted for a person, in a church, theater, etc.; as, the hall has
800 <i>sittings</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act or time of sitting, as to a
portrait painter, photographer, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The actual presence or meeting of any body
of men in their seats, clothed with authority to transact business; a
session; as, a <i>sitting</i> of the judges of the King's Bench, or of
a commission.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sitting</i> closed in great
agitation.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The time during which one sits while doing
something, as reading a book, playing a game, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For the understanding of any one of St. Paul's Epistles
I read it all through at one <i>sitting</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A brooding over eggs for hatching, as by
fowls.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The male bird . . . amuses her [the female] with his
songs during the whole time of her <i>sitting</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sitting room</b></col>, <cd>an apartment where the members
of a family usually sit, as distinguished from a drawing-room, parlor,
chamber, or kitchen.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sit"u*ate</hw> (?; 135), <hw>Sit"u*a`ted</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>situatus</i>, from <i>situare</i> to
place, fr. L. <i>situs</i> situation, site. See <u>Site</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a site, situation, or location; being
in a relative position; permanently fixed; placed; located; as, a town
<i>situated</i>, or <i>situate</i>, on a hill or on the
seashore.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Placed; residing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pleasure <i>situate</i> in hill and dale.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Situate</i> is now less used than <i>situated</i>, but
both are well authorized.</p>

<p><hw>Sit"u*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
place.</def> [R.]  <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sit`u*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>situatio</i>: cf. F. <i>situation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Manner in which an object is placed; location, esp. as related to
something else; position; locality site; as, a house in a pleasant
<i>situation</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Position, as regards the conditions and
circumstances of the case.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>situation</i> of the greatest ease and
tranquillity.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Relative position; circumstances; temporary
state or relation at a moment of action which excites interest, as of
persons in a dramatic scene.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There's <i>situation</i> for you! there's an heroic
group!</blockquote> <i>Sheridan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Permanent position or employment; place;
office; as, a <i>situation</i> in a store; a <i>situation</i> under
government.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- State; position; seat; site; station; post; place;
office; condition; case; plight. See <u>State</u>.</p>

<p><hw>||Si"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., situation.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The method in which the parts of a plant are
arranged; also, the position of the parts.</def>  <i>Henslow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sitz" bath`</hw> (?). [G. <i>sitzbad</i>.] <def>A tub in which
one bathes in a sitting posture; also, a bath so taken; a hip
bath.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si"va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr. <i>Civa</i>,
properly, kind, gracious.] <i>(Hindoo Myth.)</i> <def>One of the triad
of Hindoo gods. He is the avenger or destroyer, and in modern worship
symbolizes the reproductive power of nature.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si"van</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>s&imacr;v&amacr;n</i>.] <def>The third month of the Jewish
ecclesiastical year; -- supposed to correspond nearly with our month
of June.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Siv`a*the"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from E.
<i>Siva</i> + Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; a beast, an animal.] <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>A genus of very large extinct ruminants found in the Tertiary
formation of India. The snout was prolonged in the form of a
proboscis. The male had four horns, the posterior pair being large and
branched. It was allied to the antelopes, but very much larger than
any exsisting species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Siv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To simmer.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Siv"vens</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>See <u>Sibbens</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"win</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Sewen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Six</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>six</i>,
<i>seox</i>, <i>siex</i>; akin to OFries. <i>sex</i>, D. <i>zes</i>,
OS. & OHG. <i>sehs</i>, G. <i>sechs</i>, Icel., Sw., & Dan.
<i>sex</i>, Goth. <i>sa&iacute;hs</i>, Lith. <i>szeszi</i>, Russ.
<i>sheste</i>, Gael. & Ir. <i>se</i>, W. <i>chwech</i>, L. <i>sex</i>,
Gr. &?;&?;, Per. <i>shesh</i>, Skr. <i>shash</i>. &radic;304.  Cf.
<u>Hexagon</u>, <u>Hexameter</u>, <u>Samite</u>, <u>Senary</u>,
<u>Sextant</u>, <u>Sice</u>.] <def>One more than five; twice three;
as, <i>six</i> yards.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Six Nations</b></col> <i>(Ethnol.)</i>, <cd>a confederation
of North American Indians formed by the union of the Tuscaroras and
the Five Nations.</cd> -- <col><b>Six points circle</b></col>.
<i>(Geom.)</i> <cd>See <i>Nine points circle</i>, under
<u>Nine</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Six</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
number greater by a unit than five; the sum of three and three; six
units or objects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol representing six units, as 6, vi.,
or VI.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To be at six and seven</b></col> or <col><b>at sixes and
sevens</b></col>, <cd>to be in disorder.</cd> <i>Bacon. Shak.
Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Six"fold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sixfealand</i>.] <def>Six times repeated; six times as much or as
many.</def></p>

<p><hw>Six"-foot`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is six
feet tall.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Six"pence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sixpences</b></plw> (&?;). <def>An English silver coin of the
value of six pennies; half a shilling, or about twelve
cents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Six"pen`ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the value of,
or costing, sixpence; as, a <i>sixpenny</i> loaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Six"score`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> [<i>Six</i> +
<i>score</i>, n.] <def>Six times twenty; one hundred and
twenty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Six"-shoot`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pistol or
other firearm which can be fired six times without reloading
especially, a six-chambered revolver.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Six"teen`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sixt&?;ne</i>,
<i>sixt&?;ne</i>. See <u>Six</u>, and <u>Ten</u>, and cf.
<u>Sixty</u>.] <def>Six and ten; consisting of six and ten; fifteen
and one more.</def></p>

<p><hw>Six"teen`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The number greater by a unit than fifteen; the sum of ten and
six; sixteen units or objects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol representing sixteen units, as 16,
or xvi.</def></p>

<p><hw>Six*teen"mo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sixteenmos</b></plw> (&?;). <def>See
<u>Sextodecimo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Six"teenth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Sixteen</u>: cf. AS. <i>sixte&oacute;&?;a</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sixth after the tenth; next in order after the
fifteenth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Constituting or being one of sixteen equal
parts into which anything is divided.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sixteenth note</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>the sixteenth
part of a whole note; a semiquaver.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Six"teenth`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quotient of a unit divided by sixteen; one of sixteen equal
parts of one whole.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The next in order after the fifteenth; the
sixth after the tenth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An interval comprising two
octaves and a second.</def>  <i>Moore (Encyc. of Music.)</i></p>

<p><hw>Sixth</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From Six: cf. AS.
<i>sixta</i>, <i>siexta</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>First after the
fifth; next in order after the fifth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Constituting or being one of six equal
parts into which anything is divided.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1348 !></p>

<p><hw>Sixth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quotient of a unit divided by six; one of six equal parts
which form a whole.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The next in order after the
fifth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The interval embracing six
diatonic degrees of the scale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sixth"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the sixth
place.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Six"ti*eth</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [As.
<i>sixtiogo&eth;a</i>, <i>sixtigo&eth;a</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Next in order after the fifty-ninth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Constituting or being one one of sixty
equal parts into which anything is divided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Six"ti*eth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quotient of a unit divided by sixty; one of sixty equal parts
forming a whole.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The next in order after the fifty-ninth;
the tenth after the fiftieth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Six"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>siextig</i>; akin
to G. <i>sechzig</i>, Goth. <i>sa&iacute;hs tigjus</i>. See
<u>Six</u>, <u>Ten</u>, and cf. <u>Sixteen</u>.] <def>Six times ten;
fifty-nine and one more; threescore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Six"ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sixties</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The sum of
six times ten; sixty units or objects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol representing sixty units, as 60,
lx., or LX.</def></p>

<p><hw>Six`ty-fourth"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Constituting
or being one of sixty-four equal parts into which a thing is
divided.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sixty-fourth note</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>the sixty-
fourth part of a whole note; a hemi-demi-semiquaver.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Siz"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of considerable size or bulk.</def> "A <i>sizable</i> volume."
<i>Bp. Hurd.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Being of reasonable or suitable size; as,
<i>sizable</i> timber; <i>sizable</i> bulk.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si"zar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of a body of
students in the universities of Cambridge (Eng.) and Dublin, who,
having passed a certain examination, are exempted from paying college
fees and charges. A <i>sizar</i> corresponded to a <i>servitor</i> at
Oxford.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sizar</i> paid nothing for food and tuition, and
very little for lodging.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>&fist; They formerly waited on the table at meals; but this is done
away with. They were probably so called from being thus employed in
distributing the <i>size</i>, or provisions. See 4th <u>Size</u>,
2.</p>

<p><hw>Si"zar*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The position or
standing of a sizar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Size</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sice</u>, and
<u>Sise</u>.] <def>Six.</def></p>

<p><hw>Size</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OIt. <i>sisa</i> glue used
by painters, shortened fr. <i>assisa</i>, fr. <i>assidere</i>, p. p.
<i>assiso</i>, to make to sit, to seat, to place, L. <i>assidere</i>
to sit down; <i>ad</i> + <i>sidere</i> to sit down, akin to
<i>sedere</i> to sit. See <u>Sit</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Assize</u>, <u>Size</u> bulk.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thin, weak
glue used in various trades, as in painting, bookbinding, paper
making, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any viscous substance, as gilder's
varnish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Size</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sizing</u>.] <def>To cover with size; to prepare with
size.</def></p>

<p><hw>Size</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. from <i>assize</i>.
See <u>Assize</u>, and cf. <u>Size</u> glue.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A settled quantity or allowance. See <u>Assize</u>.</def> [Obs.]
"To scant my <i>sizes</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Univ. of Cambridge, Eng.)</i> <def>An
allowance of food and drink from the buttery, aside from the regular
dinner at commons; -- corresponding to <i>battel</i> at
Oxford.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Extent of superficies or volume; bulk;
bigness; magnitude; as, the <i>size</i> of a tree or of a mast; the
<i>size</i> of a ship or of a rock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Figurative bulk; condition as to rank,
ability, character, etc.; as, the office demands a man of larger
<i>size</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men of a less <i>size</i> and quality.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The middling or lower <i>size</i> of
people.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A conventional relative measure of
dimension, as for shoes, gloves, and other articles made up for
sale.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An instrument consisting of a number of
perforated gauges fastened together at one end by a rivet, -- used for
ascertaining the size of pearls.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Size roll</b></col>, <cd>a small piese of parchment added
to a roll.</cd> -- <col><b>Size stick</b></col>, <cd>a measuring stick
used by shoemakers for ascertaining the size of the foot.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dimension; bigness; largeness; greatness;
magnitude.</p>

<p><hw>Size</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
fix the standard of.</def> "To <i>size</i> weights and measures." [R.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To adjust or arrange according to size or
bulk.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To
take the height of men, in order to place them in the ranks according
to their stature.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>To
sift, as pieces of ore or metal, in order to separate the finer from
the coarser parts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To swell; to increase the bulk of.</def>
<i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>To bring or adjust anything
exactly to a required dimension, as by cutting.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To size up</b></col>, <cd>to estimate or ascertain the
character and ability of. See 4th <u>Size</u>, 4.</cd> [Slang,
U.S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We had <i>to size up</i> our fellow
legislators.</blockquote> <i>The Century.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Size</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
take greater size; to increase in size.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our desires give them fashion, and so,<BR>
As they wax lesser, fall, as they <i>size</i>, grow.</blockquote>
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Univ. of Cambridge, Eng.)</i> <def>To order
food or drink from the buttery; hence, to enter a score, as upon the
buttery book.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sized</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Adjusted according to size.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a particular size or magnitude; --
chiefly used in compounds; as, large-<i>sized</i>; common-
<i>sized</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"zel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Scissel</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Siz"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>See <u>Sizar</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
instrument or contrivance to size articles, or to determine their size
by a standard, or to separate and distribute them according to
size.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An instrument or tool for
bringing anything to an exact size.</def></p>

<p><hw>Siz"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sizy; viscousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Siz"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act
of covering or treating with size.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A weak glue used in various trades;
size.</def></p>

<p><hw>Siz"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of sorting with respect to size.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of bringing anything to a certain
size.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Univ. of Cambridge, Eng.)</i> <def>Food and
drink ordered from the buttery by a student.</def></p>

<p><hw>Siz"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From 2d <u>Size</u>.]
<def>Sizelike; viscous; glutinous; as, <i>sizy</i> blood.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Siz"zle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sizzled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sizzling</u> (?).] [See <u>Siss</u>.] <def>To make a hissing sound;
to fry, or to dry and shrivel up, with a hissing sound.</def> [Prov.
Eng. & Colloq. U. S.]  <i>Forby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Siz"zle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hissing sound, as of
something frying over a fire.</def> [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Siz"zling</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Sizzle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skad"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of <i>scath</i>.]
<def>Hurt; damage.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skad"dle</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hurtful.</def> [Obs.
or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skad"don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The larva of a bee.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Skag</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An
additional piece fastened to the keel of a boat to prevent lateral
motion. See <u>Skeg</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Skein</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Skain</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Skean</u>.</def>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skains"mate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps
originally, a companion in winding thread (see <u>Skein</u>), or a
companion in arms, from <i>skain</i> a sword (see <u>Skean</u>).]
<def>A messmate; a companion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Scurvy knave! I am none of his firt-gills; I am none of
his <i>skainsmates</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skaith</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scatch</u>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Skald</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 5th
<u>Scald</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skald"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scaldic</u>.</def>  <i>Max M&uuml;ller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skall</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To scale; to
mount.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Skar</hw> (?), <hw>Skare</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[From the root of <i>scare</i>.] <def>Wild; timid; shy.</def> [Prov.
Eng. & Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Skart</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Scarf</u> a
cormorant.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The shag.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Skate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>schaats</i>.  Cf.
<u>Scatches</u>.] <def>A metallic runner with a frame shaped to fit
the sole of a shoe, -- made to be fastened under the foot, and used
for moving rapidly on ice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Batavia rushes forth; and as they sweep,<BR>
On sounding <i>skates</i>, a thousand different ways,<BR>
In circling poise, swift as the winds, along,<BR>
The then gay land is maddened all to joy.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Roller skate</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Roller</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Skate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Skated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Skating</u>.] <def>To move on skates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>skata</i>; cf. Prov.
G. <i>schatten</i>, meer<i>-schatten</i>, L. <i>squatus</i>,
<i>squatina</i>, and E. <i>shad</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one
of numerous species of large, flat elasmobranch fishes of the genus
<i>Raia</i>, having a long, slender tail, terminated by a small caudal
fin. The pectoral fins, which are large and broad and united to the
sides of the body and head, give a somewhat rhombic form to these
fishes. The skin is more or less spinose.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Some of the species are used for food, as the European blue
or gray skate (<i>Raia batis</i>), which sometimes weighs nearly 200
pounds. The American smooth, or barn-door, skate (<i>R.
l&aelig;vis</i>) is also a large species, often becoming three or four
feet across. The common spiny skate (<i>R. erinacea</i>) is much
smaller.</p>

<p><col><b>Skate's egg</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Sea purse</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Skate sucker</b></col>, <cd>any marine leech of the genus
<i>Pontobdella</i>, parasitic on skates.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Skat"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who skates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of hemipterous insects belonging to <i>Gerris</i>,
<i>Pyrrhocoris</i>, <i>Prostemma</i>, and allied genera. They have
long legs, and run rapidly over the surface of the water, as if
skating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ska"tol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;, dung +
<i>-ol</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A constituent of human
f&aelig;ces formed in the small intestines as a product of the
putrefaction of albuminous matter. It is also found in reduced indigo.
Chemically it is methyl indol, C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>9</sub>N.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skayles</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>[&radic;159.]
Skittles.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Skean</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir <i>sgian</i>; akin to
Gael. <i>sgian</i>, W. <i>ysgien</i> a large knife, a scimiter.]
<def>A knife or short dagger, esp. that in use among the Highlanders
of Scotland. [Variously spelt.]</def> "His <i>skean</i>, or pistol."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ske*dad"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Skedaddled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Skedaddling</u> (?).] [Of uncertain etymology.]
<def>To betake one's self to flight, as if in a panic; to flee; to run
away.</def> [Slang, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Skee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dan. <i>ski</i>; Icel.
<i>sk&imacr;&?;</i> a billet of wood. See <u>Skid</u>.] <def>A long
strip of wood, curved upwards in front, used on the foot for
sliding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skeed</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Skid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skeel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>skj&?;la</i> a
pail, bucket.] <def>A shallow wooden vessel for holding milk or
cream.</def> [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Skeel"duck`</hw> (?), <hw>Skeel"goose`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sheldrake</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The common European sheldrake.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Skeet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A scoop with a long handle, used to wash the sides
of a vessel, and formerly to wet the sails or deck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skeg</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E., also a stump of
a branch, a wooden peg; cf. Icel. <i>sk&?;gr</i> a wood, Sw.
<i>skog</i>.  Cf. <u>Shaw</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sort of wild
plum.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A kind of oats.</def>  <i>Farm.
Encyc.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The after part of the keel
of a vessel, to which the rudder is attached.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skeg"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The parr.</def>  <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skein</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>skeyne</i>, OF.
<i>escaigne</i>, F. <i>&eacute;cagne</i>, probably of Celtic origin;
cf. Ir. <i>sgainne</i>, Gael. <i>sgeinnidh</i> thread, small twine; or
perhaps the English word is immediately from Celtic.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A quantity of yarn, thread, or the like, put
up together, after it is taken from the reel, -- usually tied in a
sort of knot.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>skein</i> of cotton yarn is formed by eighty turns of
the thread round a fifty-four inch reel.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Wagon Making)</i> <def>A metallic
strengthening band or thimble on the wooden arm of an axle.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skein</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
flight of wild fowl (wild geese or the like).</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Skeine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Skean</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skel"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos> [Etymol.
uncertain.] <def>To deceive; to cheat; to trick.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skel"der</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vagrant; a
cheat.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Skel"drake`</hw> (?), or <hw>Skiel"drake`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
common European sheldrake.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The oyster
catcher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skel"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A skeleton. See
<u>Scelet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skel"e*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
the skeleton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skel`e*tog"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Skeleton</i> + <i>-genous</i>.] <def>Forming or producing parts of
the skeleton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skel`e*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Skeleton</i>
+ <i>-logy</i>.] <def>That part of anatomy which treats of the
skeleton; also, a treatise on the skeleton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skel"e*ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; (sc. &?;&?;&?;) a dried body, a mummy, fr. &?;&?;&?;&?;
dried up, parched, &?;&?;&?;&?; to dry, dry up, parch.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The bony
and cartilaginous framework which supports the soft parts of a
vertebrate animal.</def> [See <i>Illust.</i> of the Human Skeleton, in
Appendix.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The more or less firm or hardened
framework of an invertebrate animal.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In a wider sense, the skeleton includes the whole
connective-tissue framework with the integument and its appendages.
See <u>Endoskeleton</u>, and <u>Exoskeleton</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Hence, figuratively: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
very thin or lean person.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The framework
of anything; the principal parts that support the rest, but without
the appendages.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The great <i>skeleton</i> of the world.</blockquote>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The heads and outline of a literary
production, especially of a sermon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skel"e*ton</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of, or
resembling, a skeleton; consisting merely of the framework or
outlines; having only certain leading features of anything; as, a
<i>skeleton</i> sermon; a <i>skeleton</i> crystal.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Skeleton bill</b></col>, <cd>a bill or draft made out in
blank as to the amount or payee, but signed by the acceptor.</cd>
[Eng.] -- <col><b>Skeleton key</b></col>, <cd>a key with nearly the
whole substance of the web filed away, to adapt it to avoid the wards
of a lock; a master key; -- used for opening locks to which it has not
been especially fitted.</cd> -- <col><b>Skeleton leaf</b></col>, <cd>a
leaf from which the pulpy part has been removed by chemical means, the
fibrous part alone remaining.</cd> -- <col><b>Skeleton
proof</b></col>, <cd>a proof of a print or engraving, with the
inscription outlined in hair strokes only, such proofs being taken
before the engraving is finished.</cd> -- <col><b>Skeleton
regiment</b></col>, <cd>a regiment which has its complement of
officers, but in which there are few enlisted men.</cd> --
<col><b>Skeleton shrimp</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small
crustacean of the genus <i>Caprella</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>L&aelig;modipoda</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Skel"e*ton*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Skeletonized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Skeletonizing</u> (?).] <def>To prepare a skeleton of;
also, to reduce, as a leaf, to its skeleton.</def>  <i>Pop. Sci.
Monthly.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skel"e*ton*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any small moth whose larva eats the
parenchyma of leaves, leaving the skeleton; as, the apple-leaf
<i>skeletonizer</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skel"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dan. <i>schelm</i>,
fr. G. <i>schelm</i>.] <def>A scoundrel.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]
<i>Pepys. Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skel"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan.
<i>skele</i>, Sw. <i>skela</i>.] <def>To squint.</def> [Prov. Eng. &
Scot.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skel"ly</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A squint.</def> [Prov.
Eng. & Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Skelp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. E. <i>skelp</i>
to kick severely, to move rapidly; Gael. <i>sgealp</i>, n., a slap
with the palm of the hand, v., to strike with the palm of the hand.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A blow; a smart stroke.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Brockett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A squall; also, a heavy fall of rain.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Skelp</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To strike; to
slap.</def> [Scot.]  <i>C. Reade.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skelp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wrought-iron plate from
which a gun barrel or pipe is made by bending and welding the edges
together, and drawing the thick tube thus formed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skel"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Helter-
skelter</u>.] <def>To run off helter-skelter; to hurry; to scurry; --
with <i>away</i> or <i>off</i>.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>A. R.
Wallace.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sken</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To squint.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Skene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Skean</u>.</def>  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skep</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>skeppa</i> a
measure, bushel; cf. Gael. <i>sgeap</i> a basket, a beehive.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A coarse round farm basket.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng. & Scot.]  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A beehive.</def> [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Skep"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>skeptiko`s</grk> thoughtful, reflective, fr.
<grk>ske`ptesqai</grk> to look carefully or about, to view, consider:
cf. L. <i>scepticus</i>, F. <i>sceptique</i>. See <u>Scope</u>.]
[Written also <i>sceptic</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who is yet
undecided as to what is true; one who is looking or inquiring for what
is true; an inquirer after facts or reasons.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1349 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>A doubter as to whether
any fact or truth can be certainly known; a universal doubter; a
Pyrrhonist; hence, in modern usage, occasionally, a person who
questions whether any truth or fact can be established on
philosophical grounds; sometimes, a critical inquirer, in opposition
to a dogmatist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All this criticism [of Hume] proceeds upon the
erroneous hypothesis that he was a dogmatist. He was a <i>skeptic</i>;
that is, he accepted the principles asserted by the prevailing
dogmatism: and only showed that such and such conclusions were, on
these principles, inevitable.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>A person who doubts the
existence and perfections of God, or the truth of revelation; one who
disbelieves the divine origin of the Christian religion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Suffer not your faith to be shaken by the sophistries
of <i>skeptics</i>.</blockquote> <i>S. Clarke.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This word and its derivatives are often written with
<i>c</i> instead of <i>k</i> in the first syllable, -- <i>sceptic</i>,
<i>sceptical</i>, <i>scepticism</i>, etc. Dr. Johnson, struck with the
extraordinary irregularity of giving <i>c</i> its hard sound before
<i>e</i>, altered the spelling, and his example has been followed by
most of the lexicographers who have succeeded him; yet the prevalent
practice among English writers and printers is in favor of the other
mode. In the United States this practice is reversed, a large and
increasing majority of educated persons preferring the orthography
which is most in accordance with etymology and analogy.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Infidel; unbeliever; doubter. -- See
<u>Infidel</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Skep"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Skep"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Written also <i>sceptic</i>, <i>sceptical</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a sceptic or skepticism;
characterized by skepticism; hesitating to admit the certainly of
doctrines or principles; doubting of everything.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>Doubting or denying the
truth of revelation, or the sacred Scriptures.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>skeptical</i> system subverts the whole
foundation of morals.</blockquote> <i>R. Hall.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Skep"tac*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Skep"tic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Skep"ti*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>scepticisme</i>.] [Written also <i>scepticism</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An undecided, inquiring state of mind; doubt;
uncertainty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That momentary amazement, and irresolution, and
confusion, which is the result of <i>skepticism</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Hune.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>The doctrine that no fact
or principle can be certainly known; the tenet that all knowledge is
uncertain; Pyrrohonism; universal doubt; the position that no fact or
truth, however worthy of confidence, can be established on
philosophical grounds; critical investigation or inquiry, as opposed
to the positive assumption or assertion of certain
principles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>A doubting of the truth of
revelation, or a denial of the divine origin of the Christian
religion, or of the being, perfections, or truth of God.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let no . . . secret <i>skepticism</i> lead any one to
doubt whether this blessed prospect will be realized.</blockquote>
<i>S. Miller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skep"ti*cize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To doubt;
to pretend to doubt of everything.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>skepticize</i>, where no one else will . . .
hesitate.</blockquote> <i>Shaftesbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sker"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Skerries</b></plw> (#). [Of Scand. origin; cf. Icel.
<i>sker</i>, Sw. <i>sk&auml;r</i>, Dan. <i>ski&?;r</i>.  Cf.
<u>Scar</u> a bank.] <def>A rocky isle; an insulated rock.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Sketch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>schets</i>, fr.
It. <i>schizzo</i> a sketch, a splash (whence also F. <i>esquisse</i>;
cf. <u>Esquisse</u>.); cf. It. <i>schizzare</i> to splash, to sketch.]
<def>An outline or general delineation of anything; a first rough or
incomplete draught or plan of any design; especially, in the fine
arts, such a representation of an object or scene as serves the
artist's purpose by recording its chief features; also, a preliminary
study for an original work.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Outline; delineation; draught; plan; design.  --
<u>Sketch</u>, <u>Outline</u>, <u>Delineation</u>. An <i>outline</i>
gives only the bounding lines of some scene or picture. A
<i>sketch</i> fills up the <i>outline</i> in part, giving broad
touches, by which an imperfect idea may be conveyed. A
<i>delineation</i> goes further, carrying out the more striking
features of the picture, and going so much into detail as to furnish a
clear conception of the whole. Figuratively, we may speak of the
<i>outlines</i> of a plan, of a work, of a project, etc., which serve
as a basis on which the subordinate parts are formed, or of
<i>sketches</i> of countries, characters, manners, etc., which give us
a general idea of the things described.  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sketch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sketched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sketching</u>.] [Cf D. <i>schetsen</i>, It. <i>schizzare</i>. See
<u>Sketch</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw
the outline or chief features of; to make a rought of.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To plan or describe by giving the principal
points or ideas of.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To delineate; design; draught; depict.</p>

<p><hw>Sketch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make sketches, as
of landscapes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sketch"book`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A book of sketches
or for sketches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sketch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
sketches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sketch"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sketchy
or incomplete manner.</def> "<i>Sketchily</i> descriptive."
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sketch"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sketchy; lack of finish; incompleteness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sketch"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing only an
outline or rough form; being in the manner of a sketch;
incomplete.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The execution is <i>sketchy</i> throughout; the head,
in particular, is left in the rough.</blockquote> <i>J. S.
Harford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skew</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>scheef</i>.
Dan. <i>ski&?;v</i>, Sw. <i>skef</i>, Icel. <i>skeifr</i>, G.
<i>schief</i>, also E. <i>shy</i>, a. & v. i.] <def>Awry; obliquely;
askew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skew</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Turned or twisted to one
side; situated obliquely; skewed; -- chiefly used in technical
phrases.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Skew arch</b></col>, <cd>an oblique arch. See under
<u>Oblique</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Skew back</b></col>. <i>(Civil
Engin.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The course of masonry, the stone,
or the iron plate, having an inclined face, which forms the abutment
for the voussoirs of a segmental arch</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
plate, cap, or shoe, having an inclined face to receive the nut of a
diagonal brace, rod, or the end of an inclined strut, in a truss or
frame.</cd> -- <col><b>Skew bridge</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Bridge</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Skew
curve</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a curve of double curvature, or a
twisted curve. See <i>Plane curve</i>, under <u>Curve</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Skew gearing</b></col>, or <col><b>Skew bevel
gearing</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>toothed gearing, generally
resembling bevel gearing, for connecting two shafts that are neither
parallel nor intersecting, and in which the teeth slant across the
faces of the gears.</cd> -- <col><b>Skew surface</b></col>
<i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a ruled surface such that in general two
successive generating straight lines do not intersect; a warped
surface; as, the helicoid is a <i>skew surface</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Skew symmetrical determinant</b></col> <i>(Alg.)</i>, <cd>a
determinant in which the elements in each column of the matrix are
equal to the elements of the corresponding row of the matrix with the
signs changed, as in (1), below.</cd></p>

<p><i>
(1)  <matrix><row>0 2 -3</row><row>-2 0 5</row><row>3 -5
0</row></matrix>   (2)  <matrix><row>4 -1 7</row><row>1 8 -
2</row><row>-7 2 1</row></matrix>
</i></p>

<p>   This requires that the numbers in the diagonal from the upper
left to lower right corner be zeros. A like determinant in which the
numbers in the diagonal are not zeros is a <i>skew determinant</i>, as
in (2), above.</p>

<p><hw>Skew</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A stone
at the foot of the slope of a gable, the offset of a buttress, or the
like, cut with a sloping surface and with a check to receive the
coping stones and retain them in place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skew</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Skewed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Skewing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To walk obliquely; to go
sidling; to lie or move obliquely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Child, you must walk straight, without
<i>skewing</i>.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To start aside; to shy, as a horse.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To look obliquely; to squint; hence, to
look slightingly or suspiciously.</def>  <i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skew</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Skew</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shape or form in an
oblique way; to cause to take an oblique position.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To throw or hurl obliquely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skew"bald`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Marked with
spots and patches of white and some color other than black; -- usually
distinguished from <i>piebald</i>, in which the colors are properly
white and black. Said of horses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skew"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably of Scand,
origin; cf. Sw. & Dan. <i>skifer</i> a slate.  Cf. <u>Shuver</u> a
fragment.] <def>A pin of wood or metal for fastening meat to a spit,
or for keeping it in form while roasting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Meat well stuck with <i>skewers</i> to make it look
round.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skew"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Skewered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Skewering</u>.] <def>To fasten with skewers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skid</hw> (sk&ibreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>sk&imacr;&eth;</i> a billet of wood. See <u>Shide</u>.] [Written
also <i>skeed</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A shoe or clog, as of
iron, attached to a chain, and placed under the wheel of a wagon to
prevent its turning when descending a steep hill; a drag; a skidpan;
also, by extension, a hook attached to a chain, and used for the same
purpose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece of timber used as a support, or to
receive pressure.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Large fenders hung over a vessel's side to protect
it in handling a cargo.</def> <i>Totten.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>One of a pair of timbers or bars, usually arranged so as to form
an inclined plane, as form a wagon to a door, along which anything is
moved by sliding or rolling.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>One of a
pair of horizontal rails or timbers for supporting anything, as a
boat, a barrel, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skid</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Skidded</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Skidding</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To protect or support with a
skid or skids; also, to cause to move on skids.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To check with a skid, as wagon
wheels.</def>  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skid"daw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The black guillemot.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Skid"pan`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Skid</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Skied</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Sky</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Ski"ey</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Skyey</u>.</def>  <i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skiff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>esquif</i>, fr.
OHG. <i>skif</i>, G. <i>schiff</i>. See <u>Ship</u>.] <def>A small,
light boat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pilot of some small night-foundered
<i>skiff</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Skiff caterpillar</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
larva of a moth (<i>Limacodes scapha</i>); -- so called from its
peculiar shape.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Skiff</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Skiffed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Skiffing</u>.] <def>To navigate in a skiff.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Skif"fling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Quarrying)</i>
<def>Rough dressing by knocking off knobs or projections;
knobbing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skil"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To beg; to
pilfer; to skelder.</def> [Prov. Eng.& Scot.]  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skil"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Skilful</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skill</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>skil</i> a
distinction, discernment; akin to <i>skilja</i> to separate, divide,
distinguish, Sw. <i>skilja</i>,. <i>skille</i> to separate,
<i>skiel</i> reason, right, justice, Sw. <i>sk&auml;l</i> reason,
Lith. <i>skelli</i> to cleave.  Cf. <u>Shell</u>, <u>Shoal</u>, a
multitude.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Discrimination; judgment;
propriety; reason; cause.</def> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i> "As it was
<i>skill</i> and right." <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For great <i>skill</i> is, he prove that he
wrought.</blockquote> [For with good reason he should test what he
created.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Knowledge; understanding.</def>
[Obsoles.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That by his fellowship he color might<BR>
Both his estate and love from <i>skill</i> of any wight.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor want we <i>skill</i> or art.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The familiar knowledge of any art or
science, united with readiness and dexterity in execution or
performance, or in the application of the art or science to practical
purposes; power to discern and execute; ability to perceive and
perform; expertness; aptitude; as, the <i>skill</i> of a
mathematician, physician, surgeon, mechanic, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Phocion, . . . by his great wisdom and <i>skill</i> at
negotiations, diverted Alexander from the conquest of
Athens.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where patience her sweet <i>skill</i>
imparts.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Display of art; exercise of ability;
contrivance; address.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Richard . . . by a thousand princely <i>skills</i>,
gathering so much corn as if he meant not to return.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Any particular art.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Learned in one <i>skill</i>, and in another kind of
learning unskillful.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dexterity; adroitness; expertness; art; aptitude;
ability.  -- <u>Skill</u>, <u>Dexterity</u>, <u>Adroitness</u>.
<i>Skill</i> is more intelligent, denoting familiar knowledge united
to readiness of performance. <i>Dexterity</i>, when applied to the
body, is more mechanical, and refers to habitual ease of execution.
<i>Adroitness</i> involves the same image with <i>dexterity</i>, and
differs from it as implaying a general facility of movement
(especially in avoidance of danger or in escaping from a difficalty).
The same distinctions apply to the figurative sense of the words. A
man is <i>skillful</i> in any employment when he understands both its
theory and its practice. He is <i>dexterous</i> when he maneuvers with
great lightness. He is <i>adroit</i> in the use od quick, sudden, and
well-directed movements of the body or the mind, so as to effect the
object he has in view.</p>

<p><hw>Skill</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To know; to
understand.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>skill</i> the arts of expressing our
mind.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skill</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be knowing; to have understanding; to be dexterous in
performance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I can not <i>skill</i> of these thy ways.</blockquote>
<i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a difference; to signify; to
matter; -- used impersonally.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>skills</i> it, if a bag of stones or gold<BR>
About thy neck do drown thee?</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>skills</i> not talking of it.</blockquote> <i>Sir
W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skilled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having familiar
knowledge united with readiness and dexterity in its application;
familiarly acquainted with; expert; skillful; -- often followed by
<i>in</i>; as, a person <i>skilled</i> in drawing or
geometry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skil"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>escuelette</i>,
dim. of <i>escuelle</i> a porringer, F. <i>ecuelle</i>, fr. L.
<i>scutella</i>, dim. of <i>scutra</i>, <i>scuta</i>, a dish.  Cf.
<u>Scuttle</u> a basket.] <def>A small vessel of iron, copper, or
other metal, with a handle, used for culinary purpose, as for stewing
meat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skill"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>skilful</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Discerning; reasonable;
judicious; cunning.</def> [Obs.] "Of <i>skillful</i> judgment."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Possessed of, or displaying, skill; knowing
and ready; expert; well-versed; able in management; as, a
<i>skillful</i> mechanic; -- often followed by <i>at</i>, <i>in</i>,
or <i>of</i>; as, <i>skillful</i> at the organ; <i>skillful</i> in
drawing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And they shall call the husbandman to mourning, and
such as are <i>skillful</i> of lamentations to wailing.</blockquote>
<i>Amos v. 16.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Expert; skilled; dexterous; adept; masterly; adroit;
clever; cunning.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Skill"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Skill"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Skil`li*ga*lee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
thin, weak broth or oatmeal porridge, served out to prisoners and
paupers in England; also, a drink made of oatmeal, sugar, and water,
sometimes used in the English navy or army.</def> [Written also
<i>skilligolee</i>, <i>skillygalee</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><hw>Skil"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Sheeling</u>.]
<def>A bay of a barn; also, a slight addition to a cottage.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Skil"ling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sw. & Dan. See
<u>Shilling</u>.] <def>A money od account in Sweden, Norwey, Denmark,
and North Germany, and also a coin. It had various values, from three
fourths of a cent in Norway to more than two cents in
L&uuml;beck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skill"-less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wanting
skill.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skilts</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>A kind of large,
coarse, short trousers formerly worn.</def> [Local, U. S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skil"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The water
rail.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Skim</hw> (sk&ibreve;m), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Skimmed</u> (sk&ibreve;md); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Skimming</u>.] [Cf. Sw. <i>skymma</i> to darken.
&radic;158. See <u>Scum</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To clear (a
liquid) from scum or substance floating or lying thereon, by means of
a utensil that passes just beneath the surface; as, to <i>skim</i>
milk; to <i>skim</i> broth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take off by skimming; as, to <i>skim</i>
cream.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pass near the surface of; to brush the
surface of; to glide swiftly along the surface of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Homer describes Mercury as flinging himself from the
top of Olympus, and <i>skimming</i> the surface of the
ocean.</blockquote> <i>Hazlitt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To read or examine superficially and
rapidly, in order to cull the principal facts or thoughts; as, to
<i>skim</i> a book or a newspaper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skim</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
pass lightly; to glide along in an even, smooth course; to glide along
near the surface.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not so when swift Camilla scours the plain,<BR>
Flies o'er the unbending corn, and <i>skims</i> along the
main.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hasten along with superficial
attention.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>skim</i> over a science in a very superficial
survey.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To put on the finishing coat of
plaster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skim</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Contraction of
<u>Skimming</u> and <u>Skimmed</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Skim coat</b></col>, <cd>the final or finishing coat of
plaster.</cd> -- <col><b>Skim colter</b></col>, <cd>a colter for
paring off the surface of land.</cd> -- <col><b>Skim milk</b></col>,
<cd>skimmed milk; milk from which the cream has been taken.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Skim</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Scum; refuse.</def>
<i>Bryskett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skim"back`</hw> (sk&ibreve;m"b&abreve;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The quillback.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Skim"ble-scam`ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [A
reduplication of <i>scamble</i>.] <def>Rambling; disorderly;
unconnected.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such a deal of <i>skimble-scamble</i>
stuff.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skim"i*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Skimmington</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skim"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, skims; esp., a utensil with which liquids
are skimmed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of
longwinged marine birds of the genus <i>Rhynchops</i>, allied to the
terns, but having the lower mandible compressed and much longer than
the upper one. These birds fly rapidly along the surface of the water,
with the lower mandible immersed, thus skimming out small fishes. The
American species (<i>R. nigra</i>) is common on the southern coasts of
the United States. Called also <i>scissorbill</i>, and
<i>shearbill</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
large bivalve shells, sometimes used for skimming milk, as the sea
clams, and large scallops.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1350 !></p>

<p><hw>Skim"mer*ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Skimmington</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skim"ming</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who skims.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is skimmed from the surface of a
liquid; -- chiefly used in the plural; as, the <i>skimmings</i> of
broth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skim"ming*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a skimming
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skim"ming*ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol.
uncertain. Perhaps the name of some notorius scold.] <def>A word
employed in the phrase, <i>To ride Skimmington</i>; that is to ride on
a horse with a woman, but behind her, facing backward, carrying a
distaff, and accompanied by a procession of jeering neighbors making
mock music; a cavalcade in ridicule of a henpecked man. The custom was
in vogue in parts of England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skimp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Skimped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Skimping</u>.] [Cf. <u>Skinch</u>, <u>Scamp</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To slight; to do carelessly; to
scamp.</def> [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make insufficient allowance for; to
scant; to scrimp.</def> [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U. S.]
</p>

<p><hw>Skimp</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To save; to be
parsimonious or niggardly.</def> [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Skimp</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Scanty.</def> [Prov. Eng.
& Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Skin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>skinn</i>; akin
to Sw. <i>skinn</i>, Dan. <i>skind</i>, AS. <i>scinn</i>, G.
<i>schined</i> to skin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
external membranous integument of an animal.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In man, and the vertebrates generally, the skin consist of
two layers, an outer nonsensitive and nonvascular <i>epidermis</i>,
<i>cuticle</i>, or <i>skarfskin</i>, composed of cells which are
constantly growing and multiplying in the deeper, and being thrown off
in the superficial, layers; and an inner sensitive, and vascular
<i>dermis</i>, <i>cutis</i>, <i>corium</i>, or <i>true skin</i>,
composed mostly of connective tissue.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The hide of an animal, separated from the
body, whether green, dry, or tanned; especially, that of a small
animal, as a calf, sheep, or goat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A vessel made of skin, used for holding
liquids. See <u>Bottle</u>, 1.</def> "<i>Skins</i> of wine."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The bark or husk of a plant or fruit; the
exterior coat of fruits and plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That
part of a sail, when furled, which remains on the outside and covers
the whole.</def> <i>Totten.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The covering,
as of planking or iron plates, outside the framing, forming the sides
and bottom of a vessel; the shell; also, a lining inside the
framing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Skin friction</b></col>, <col><b>Skin resistance</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the friction, or resistance, caused by the
tendency of water to adhere to the immersed surface (skin) of a
vessel.</cd> -- <col><b>Skin graft</b></col> <i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>a
small portion of skin used in the process of grafting. See
<u>Graft</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Skin
moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any insect which destroys the
prepared skins of animals, especially the larva of Dermestes and
Anthrenus.</cd> -- <col><b>Skin of the teeth</b></col>, <cd>nothing,
or next to nothing; the least possible hold or advantage.</cd> <i>Job
xix. 20.</i> -- <col><b>Skin wool</b></col>, <cd>wool taken from dead
sheep.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Skin</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Skinned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Skinning</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strip off the skin or
hide of; to flay; to peel; as, to <i>skin</i> an animal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover with skin, or as with skin; hence,
to cover superficially.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It will but <i>skin</i> and film the ulcerous
place.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To strip of money or property; to
cheat.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Skin</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
become covered with skin; as, a wound <i>skins</i> over.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To produce, in recitation, examination,
etc., the work of another for one's own, or to use in such exercise
cribs, memeoranda, etc., which are prohibited.</def> [College Cant,
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Skin"bound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the skin
adhering closely and rigidly to the flesh; hidebound.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Skinbound disease</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Sclerema neonatorum</i>, under <u>Sclerema</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Skinch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Skinched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Skinching</u>.] [Cf. <u>Scant</u>.] <def>To give scant measure; to
squeeze or pinch in order to effect a saving.</def> [Prev. Eng. &
Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Skin"-deep`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not deeper than
the skin; hence, superficial.</def>  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skin"flint`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Skin</i> +
<i>flint</i>.] <def>A penurious person; a miser; a niggard.</def>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skin"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Skinfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>As much as a skin can
hold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skink</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>scincus</i>, Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;.] [Written also <i>scink</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of regularly scaled harmless lizards
of the family <i>Scincid&aelig;</i>, common in the warmer parts of all
the continents.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The officinal skink (<i>Scincus officinalis</i>) inhabits
the sandy plains of South Africa. It was believed by the ancients to
be a specific for various diseases. A common slender species (<i>Seps
tridactylus</i>) of Southern Europe was formerly believed to produce
fatal diseases in cattle by mere contact. The American skinks include
numerous species of the genus <i>Eumeces</i>, as the blue-tailed skink
(<i>E. fasciatus</i>) of the Eastern United States. The ground skink,
or ground lizard (<i>Oligosoma laterale</i>) inhabits the Southern
United States.</p>

<p><hw>Skink</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Skinked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Skinking</u>.] [Icel. <i>skenja</i>; akin to Sw. <i>sk&auml;ka</i>,
Dan. <i>skienke</i>, AS.  <i>scencan</i>, D. & G. <i>schenken</i>. As.
<i>scencan</i> is usually derived from <i>sceonc</i>, <i>sceanc</i>,
shank, a hollow bone being supposed to have been used to draw off
liquor from a cask. &radic;161. See <u>Shank</u>, and cf.
<u>Nunchion</u>.] <def>To draw or serve, as drink.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Bacchus the wine them <i>skinketh</i> all
about.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such wine as Ganymede doth <i>skink</i> to
Jove.</blockquote> <i>Shirley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skink</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To serve or draw
liquor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Skink</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Drink; also,
pottage.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skink"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who serves
liquor; a tapster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skin"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no skin,
or a very thin skin; as, <i>skinless</i> fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skin"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who skins.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who deals in skins, pelts, or
hides.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skin"ni*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being skinny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skin"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting, or
chiefly consisting, of skin; wanting flesh.</def> "Her <i>skinny</i>
lips."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He holds him with a <i>skinny</i> hand.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skip</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Skep</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A basket. See <u>Skep</u>.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng. & Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A basket on wheels, used in cotton
factories.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>An iron bucket, which
slides between guides, for hoisting mineral and rock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Sugar Manuf.)</i> <def>A charge of sirup in
the pans.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A beehive; a skep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skip</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Skipped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Skipping</u>.] [OE. <i>skippen</i>, of uncertain origin; cf. Icel.
<i>skopa</i> run, <i>skoppa</i> to spin like a top, OSw. & dial. Sw.
<i>skimmpa</i> to run, <i>skimpa</i>, <i>skompa</i>, to hop, skip; or
Ir. <i>sgiob</i> to snatch, Gael. <i>sgiab</i> to start or move
suddenly, to snatch, W. <i>ysgipio</i> to snatch.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To leap lightly; to move in leaps and hounds; -- commonly
implying a sportive spirit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lamb thy riot dooms to bleed to-day,<BR>
Had he thy reason, would he <i>skip</i> and play?</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So she drew her mother away <i>skipping</i>, dancing,
and frisking fantastically.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To leave matters unnoticed, as in
reading, speaking, or writing; to pass by, or overlook, portions of a
thing; -- often followed by <i>over</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skip</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
leap lightly over; as, to <i>skip</i> the rope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pass over or by without notice; to omit;
to miss; as, to <i>skip</i> a line in reading; to <i>skip</i> a
lesson.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They who have a mind to see the issue may <i>skip</i>
these two chapters.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to skip; as, to <i>skip</i> a
stone.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Skip</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A light
leap or bound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of passing over an interval from
one thing to another; an omission of a part.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A passage from one sound to
another by more than a degree at once.</def>  <i>Busby.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Skip kennel</b></col>, <cd>a lackey; a footboy.</cd>
[Slang.] <i>Swift.</i> -- <col><b>Skip mackerel</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Bluefish</u>, 1.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Skip"jack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An upstart.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An elater; a snap bug,
or snapping beetle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A name given to several
kinds of a fish, as the common bluefish, the alewife, the bonito, the
butterfish, the cutlass fish, the jurel, the leather jacket, the
runner, the saurel, the saury, the threadfish, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A shallow sailboat with a
rectilinear or V-shaped cross section.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skip"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, skips.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A young, thoughtless person.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The saury
(<i>Scomberesox saurus</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The cheese maggot. See <i>Cheese fly</i>,
under <u>Cheese</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of small butterflies of the family <i>Hesperiad&aelig;</i>; --
so called from their peculiar short, jerking flight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skip"per</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>schipper</i>. See
<u>Shipper</u>, and <u>Ship</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>The master of a fishing or small trading vessel; hence, the
master, or captain, of any vessel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A ship boy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skip"pet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>skip</i>,
E. <i>skipper</i>. See <u>Ship</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small
boat; a skiff.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A little <i>skippet</i> floating did
appear.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small round box for keeping
records.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Skip"ping*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
skipping manner; by skips, or light leaps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skirl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.& i.</i></pos> [Of Scand. origin,
and originally the same word as E. <i>shrill</i>.] <def>To utter in a
shrill tone; to scream.</def> [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Skirl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shrill cry or
sound.</def> [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Skirl"cock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The missel thrush; -- so called from its harsh alarm note.</def>
[Prev. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Skirl"crake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
turnstone.</def> [Prev. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Skirl"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shrill cry or
sound; a crying shrilly; a skirl.</def> [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]  <i>Sir
W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When the <i>skirling</i> of the pipes cleft the air his
cold eyes softened.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. J. H. Ewing.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skirl"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
small trout or salmon; -- a name used loosely.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Skir"mish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Skirmished</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Skirmishing</u>.] [OE. <i>skirmishen</i>, <i>scarmishen</i>, OF.
<i>escremir</i>, <i>eskermir</i>, to fence, fight, F. <i>escrimer</i>,
of German origin; cf. OHG. <i>scirmen</i> to protect, defend, G.
<i>schirmen</i>, OHG. <i>scirm</i>, <i>scerm</i>, protection, shield,
G. <i>schirm</i>; perhaps akin to Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; a sunshade.  Cf.
<u>Scaramouch</u>, <u>Scrimmage</u>.] <def>To fight slightly or in
small parties; to engage in a skirmish or skirmishes; to act as
skirmishers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skir"mish</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[OE. <i>scarmishe</i>,
<i>scrymishe</i>. See <u>Skirmish</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A slight fight in war; a light or desultory
combat between detachments from armies, or between detached and small
bodies of troops.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A slight contest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They never meet but there's a <i>skirmish</i> of
wit.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skir"mish*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
skirmishes.</def> Specifically: <i>pl.</i> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>Soldiers
deployed in loose order, to cover the front or flanks of an advancing
army or a marching column.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skirr</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Scur</u>,
<u>Scurry</u>.] <def>To ramble over in order to clear; to scour.</def>
[Archaic]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skirr</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To scour; to scud; to
run.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Skirr</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
tern.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Skir"ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corrupted form
equivalent to <i>sugarwort</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An umbelliferous
plant (<i>Sium, or Pimpinella, Sisarum</i>). It is a native of Asia,
but has been long cultivated in Europe for its edible clustered
tuberous roots, which are very sweet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skir"rhus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See
<u>Scirrhus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skirt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>skyrt</i>, of
Scand. origin; cf. Icel. <i>skyrta</i> a shirt, Sw. <i>sk&ouml;rt</i>
a skirt, <i>skjorta</i> a shirt. See <u>Shirt</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The lower and loose part of a coat, dress, or other like garment;
the part below the waist; as, the <i>skirt</i> of a coat, a dress, or
a mantle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A loose edging to any part of a
dress.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A narrow lace, or a small <i>skirt</i> of ruffled
linen, which runs along the upper part of the stays before, and
crosses the breast, being a part of the tucker, is called the modesty
piece.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Border; edge; margin; extreme part of
anything</def> "Here in the <i>skirts</i> of the forest."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A petticoat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The diaphragm, or midriff, in
animals.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skirt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Skirted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Skirting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover with a skirt; to
surround.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Skirted</i> his loins and thighs with downy
gold.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To border; to form the border or edge of;
to run along the edge of; as, the plain was <i>skirted</i> by rows of
trees.</def> "When sundown <i>skirts</i> the moor."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skirt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To be on the border;
to live near the border, or extremity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Savages . . . who <i>skirt</i> along our western
frontiers.</blockquote> <i>S. S. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skirt"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A skirting board.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Skirts, taken collectivelly; material for
skirts.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Skirting board</b></col>, <cd>the board running around a
room on the wall next the floor; baseboard.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Skit</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>skit</i>to
slide, as adj., hasty, precipitate, of Scand. origin, and akin to E.
<i>shoot</i>, v.t.; cf. Icel. <i>skyti</i>, <i>skytja</i>,
<i>skytta</i>, a marksman, shooter, <i>skj&omacr;ta</i> to shoot,
<i>sk&umacr;ta</i> a taunt. &radic;159. See <u>Shoot</u>.] <def>To
cast reflections on; to asperse.</def> [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
<i>Crose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skit</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
reflection; a jeer or gibe; a sally; a brief satire; a squib.</def>
<i>Tooke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A similar vein satire upon the emptiness of writers is
given in his "Tritical Essay upon the Faculties of the Human Mind;"
but that is a mere <i>skit</i> compared with this strange
performance.</blockquote> <i>Leslie Stephen.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wanton girl; a light wench.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Skit"tish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Skit</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Easily frightened;
timorous; shy; untrustworthy; as, a <i>skittish</i> colt.</def> "A
restiff, <i>skittish</i> jade."  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wanton; restive; freakish; volatile;
changeable; fickle.</def> "<i>Skittish</i> Fortune's hall."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Skit"tish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Skit"tish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Skit"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to the
game of skittles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Skittle alley</b></col>, <cd>an alley or court in which the
game of skittles is played.</cd> -- <col><b>Skittle ball</b></col>,
<cd>a disk or flattish ball of wood for throwing at the pins in the
game of skittles.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Skit"tle-dog`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The piked dogfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skit"tles</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Of Scand. origin.
&radic;159. See <u>Shoot</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Shuttle</u>, <u>Skit</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>An English
game resembling ninepins, but played by throwing wooden disks, instead
of rolling balls, at the pins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skit"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Skittish</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A rail; as, the water rail (called also
<i>skitty cock</i>, and <i>skitty coot</i>); the spotted crake
(<i>Porzana maruetta</i>), and the moor hen.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Skive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>sk&imacr;fa</i> a shaving, slice, E. <i>shive</i>, <i>sheave</i>.]
<def>The iron lap used by diamond polishers in finishing the facets of
the gem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skive</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pare or shave
off the rough or thick parts of (hides or leather).</def></p>

<p><hw>Skiv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Skewer</u>,
<u>Shiver</u> a fragment.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An inferior quality
of leather, made of split sheepskin, tanned by immersion in sumac, and
dyed. It is used for hat linings, pocketbooks, bookbinding,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The cutting tool or machine used in
splitting leather or skins, as sheepskins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ski"ving</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of paring or splitting leather or skins.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece made in paring or splitting
leather; specifically, the part from the inner, or flesh,
side.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sklayre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>schleier</i>.] <def>A vell.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sklere</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shelter; to
cover.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Skol"e*cite</hw> (?), <hw>Skol"e*zite</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See
<u>Scolecite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skonce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sconce</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skop"ster</hw> (sk&obreve;p"st&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The saury.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Skor"o*dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>See <u>Scorodite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skout</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
guillemot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sko"witz</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Nisqually (American
Indian) name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The silver salmon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skreen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. & v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Screen</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Skrike</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. & t.</i></pos> <def>To
shriek.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skrike</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
missel thrush.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Skrim"mage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scrimmage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skrimp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scrimp</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skringe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scringe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skrite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The skrike.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sku"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>sk&?;fr</i>,
<i>sk&?;mr</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any jager gull; especially,
the <i>Megalestris skua</i>; -- called also
<i>boatswain</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skue</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Skew</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skulk</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Skulked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Skulking</u>.] [Of Scand. origin; cf. Dan. <i>skulke</i> to spare
or save one's self, to play the truant, Sw. <i>skolka</i> to be at
leisure, to shirk, Icel. <i>skolla</i>.  Cf. <u>Scowl</u>.] <def>To
hide, or get out of the way, in a sneaking manner; to lie close, or to
move in a furtive way; to lurk.</def> "Want <i>skulks</i> in holes and
crevices."  <i>W. C. Bryant.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Discovered and defeated of your prey,<BR>
You <i>skulked</i> behind the fence, and sneaked away.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skulk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>skollr</i>,
<i>skolli</i>, a fox, and E. <i>skulk</i>, v.i.] <def>A number of
foxes together.</def>  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1351 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Skulk</hw> (?), <hw>Skulk"er</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who, or that which, skulks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skulk"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a skulking
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skull</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>School</u> a
multitude.] <def>A school, company, or shoal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A knavish <i>skull</i> of boys and girls did pelt at
him.</blockquote>  <i>Warner.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These fishes enter in great flotes and
skulls.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skull</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>skulle</i>,
<i>sculle</i>, <i>scolle</i>; akin to Scot. <i>skull</i>,
<i>skoll</i>, a bowl, Sw. <i>skalle</i> skull, <i>skal</i> a shell,
and E. <i>scale</i>; cf. G. hirn<i>schale</i>, Dan. hierne<i>skal</i>.
Cf. <u>Scale</u> of a balance.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The skeleton of the head of a vertebrate animal, including the
brain case, or cranium, and the bones and cartilages of the face and
mouth. See <i>Illusts</i>. of <u>Carnivora</u>, of <i>Facial
angles</i> under <u>Facial</u>, and of <i>Skeleton</i>, in
Appendix.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In many fishes the skull is almost wholly cartilaginous but
in the higher vertebrates it is more or less completely ossified,
several bones are developed in the face, and the cranium is made up,
wholly or partially, of bony plates arranged in three segments, the
<i>frontal</i>, <i>parietal</i>, and <i>occipital</i>, and usually
closely united in the adult.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The head or brain; the seat of
intelligence; mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Skulls</i> that can not teach, and will not
learn.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A covering for the head; a skullcap.</def>
[Obs. & R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Let me put on my <i>skull</i> first.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A sort of oar. See <u>Scull</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Skull and crossbones</b></col>, <cd>a symbol of death. See
<u>Crossbones</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Skull"cap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A cap which fits the head closely; also, formerly, a headpiece of
iron sewed inside of a cap for protection.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the labiate
genus <i>Scutellaria</i>, the calyx of whose flower appears, when
inverted, like a helmet with the visor raised.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
Lophiomys.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mad-dog skullcap</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American
herb (<i>Scetellaria lateriflora</i>) formerly prescribed as a cure
for hydrophobia.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Skull"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A whaler's name
for a whale more than two years old.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skul"pin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Sculpin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skun</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. & v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skunk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. from the Abenaki
(American Indian) <i>seganku</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
several species of American musteline carnivores of the genus
<i>Mephitis</i> and allied genera. They have two glands near the anus,
secreting an extremely fetid liquid, which the animal ejects at
pleasure as a means of defense.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common species of the Eastern United States (<i>Mephitis
mephitica</i>) is black with more or less white on the body and tail.
The spotted skunk (<i>Spilogale putorius</i>), native of the
Southwestern United States and Mexico, is smaller than the common
skunk, and is variously marked with black and white.</p>

<p><col><b>Skunk bird</b></col>, <col><b>Skunk blackbird</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the bobolink; -- so called because the male,
in the breeding season, is black and white, like a skunk.</cd> --
<col><b>Skunk cabbage</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American aroid
herb (<i>Symplocarpus f&oelig;tidus</i>>) having a reddish hornlike
spathe in earliest spring, followed by a cluster of large cabbagelike
leaves. It exhales a disagreeable odor. Also called <i>swamp
cabbage</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Skunk porpoise</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Porpoise</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Skunk</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>In games of chance and
skill: To defeat (an opponent) (as in cards) so that he fails to gain
a point, or (in checkers) to get a king.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Skunk"ball`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The surf duck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skunk"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The surf duck.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A duck (<i>Camptolaimus Labradorus</i>) which formerly inhabited
the Atlantic coast of New England. It is now supposed to be extinct.
Called also <i>Labrador duck</i>, and <i>pied duck</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skunk"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like the skunk,
especially in odor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skunk"top`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The surf duck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skunk"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Skunk cabbage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skur"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. & v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scurry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skute</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>sk&?;ta</i>;
akin to Sw. <i>skuta</i>, Dan. <i>skude</i>, D. <i>schuit</i>, Lg.
<i>sch&uuml;te</i>, and E. <i>schoot</i>, v.t.] <def>A boat; a small
vessel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir R. Williams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skut"ter*ud*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Skutterud</i>, in Norway, whence it is obtained.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A mineral of a bright metallic luster and tin-white to pale lead-
gray color. It consists of arsenic and cobalt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sky</hw> (sk&imacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Skies</b></plw> (sk&imacr;z). [OE. <i>skie</i> a cloud, Icel.
<i>sk&ymacr;</i>; akin to Sw. & Dan. <i>sky</i>; cf. AS.
<i>sc&umacr;a</i>, <i>sc&umacr;wa</i>, shadow, Icel. <i>skuggi</i>;
probably from the same root as E. <i>scum</i>. &radic;158. See
<u>Scum</u>, and cf. <u>Hide</u> skin, <u>Obscure</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cloud.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[A wind] that blew so hideously and high,<BR>
That it ne lefte not a <i>sky</i><BR>
In all the welkin long and broad.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a shadow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She passeth as it were a <i>sky</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The apparent arch, or vault, of heaven,
which in a clear day is of a blue color; the heavens; the firmament; -
- sometimes in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Norweyan banners flout the <i>sky</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The wheather; the climate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou wert better in thy grave than to answer with thy
uncovered body this extremity of the <i>skies</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sky</i> is often used adjectively or in the formation of
self-explaining compounds; as, <i>sky</i> color, <i>sky</i>light,
<i>sky</i>-aspiring, <i>sky</i>-born, <i>sky</i>-pointing, <i>sky</i>-
roofed, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Sky blue</b></col>, <cd>an azure color.</cd> -- <col><b>Sky
scraper</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a skysail of a triangular
form.</cd> <i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>Under open sky</b></col>, <cd>out
of doors.</cd> "<i>Under open sky</i> adored." <i>Milton.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Sky</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Skied</u> (?) or <u>Skyed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Skying</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hang (a
picture on exhibition) near the top of a wall, where it can not be
well seen.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Brother Academicians who <i>skied</i> his
pictures.</blockquote> <i>The Century.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To throw towards the sky; as, to <i>sky</i>
a ball at cricket.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Sky"-blue</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the blue
color of the sky; azure; as, a <i>sky-blue</i> stone.</def>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skyed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Surrounded by
sky.</def> [Poetic & R.] "The <i>skyed</i> mountain."
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skye" ter"ri*er</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Terrier</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sky"ey</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like the sky;
ethereal; being in the sky.</def> "<i>Skyey</i> regions."
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sublime on the towers of my <i>skyey</i> bowers,<BR>
Lightning, my pilot, sits.</blockquote> <i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sky"-high`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv. & a.</i></pos> <def>Very
high.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Sky"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like the sky, or
approaching the sky; lofty; ethereal.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sky"lark`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A lark that mounts and sings as it files, especially the common
species (<i>Alauda arvensis</i>) found in Europe and in some parts of
Asia, and celebrated for its melodious song; -- called also <i>sky
laverock</i>. See under <u>Lark</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Australian skylark (<i>Cincloramphus cantillans</i>) is
a pipit which has the habit of ascending perpendicularly like a
skylark, but it lacks the song of a true lark.  The Missouri skylark
is a pipit (<i>Anthus Spraguei</i>) of the Western United States,
resembling the skylark in habit and song.</p>

<p><hw>Sky"lark"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of running
about the rigging of a vessel in sport; hence, frolicking; scuffing;
sporting; carousing.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Sky"light`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A window placed
in the roof of a building, in the ceiling of a room, or in the deck of
a ship, for the admission of light from above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sky"rock`et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rocket that
ascends high and burns as it flies; a species of fireworks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sky"sail</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The
sail set next above the royal. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Sail</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sky"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. & adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the
sky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slab</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>slabbe</i>, of
uncertain origin; perhaps originally meaning, a smooth piece, and akin
to <i>slape</i>, Icel. <i>sleipr</i> slippery, and E. <i>slip</i>, v.
i.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thin piece of anything, especially of
marble or other stone, having plane surfaces.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An outside piece taken from a log or timber
in sawing it into boards, planks, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The wryneck.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The slack part of a
sail.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Slab line</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a line or small
rope by which seamen haul up the foot of the mainsail or
foresail.</cd>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slab</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Gael. & Ir. <i>slaib</i>
mud, mire left on a river strand, and E. <i>slop</i> puddle.]
<def>Thick; viscous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Make the gruel thick and <i>slab</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slab</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is slimy or
viscous; moist earth; mud; also, a puddle.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p>
<hw>Slab"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slabbered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slabbering</u>.] [OE. <i>slaberen</i>; akin to LG. & D.
<i>slabbern</i>, G. <i>schlabbern</i>, LG. & D. <i>slabben</i>, G.
<i>schlabben</i>, Icel. <i>slafra</i>.  Cf. <u>Slaver</u>,
<u>Slobber</u>, <u>Slubber</u>.] <def>To let saliva or some liquid
fall from the mouth carelessly, like a child or an idiot; to drivel;
to drool.</def> [Written also <i>slaver</i>, and <i>slobber</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Slab"ber</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To wet and foul spittle, or as if with spittle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>slabbered</i> me over, from cheek to cheek, with
his great tongue.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To spill liquid upon; to smear carelessly;
to spill, as liquid foed or drink, in careless eating or
drinking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The milk pan and cream pot so <i>slabbered</i> and
tost<BR>
That butter is wanting and cheese is half lost.</blockquote>
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slab"ber</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Spittle; saliva;
slaver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slab"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Slab</u>.]
<i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A saw for cutting slabs from
logs.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A slabbing machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slab"ber*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
slabbers, or drools; hence, an idiot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slab"ber*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like, or covered
with, slabber or slab; slippery; sloppy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slab"bi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being slabby.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slab"bing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Slab</u>.]
<def>Adapted for forming slabs, or for dressing flat
surfaces.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Slabbing machine</b></col>, <cd>a milling machine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slab"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Slabbier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Slabbiest</u>.] [See <u>Slab</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Thick;
viscous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They present you with a cup, and you must drink of a
<i>slabby</i> stuff.</blockquote> <i>Selden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sloppy; slimy; miry. See
<u>Sloppy</u>.</def>  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slab"-sid`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having flat
sides; hence, tall, or long and lank.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Slack</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Slag</u>.]
<def>Small coal; also, coal dust; culm.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slack</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>slakki</i> a slope
on a mountain edge.] <def>A valley, or small, shallow dell.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slack</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Slacker</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Slackest</u>.] [OE.
<i>slak</i>, AS. <i>sleac</i>; akin to OS. <i>slak</i>, OHG.
<i>slah</i>, Prov. G. <i>schlack</i>, Icel. <i>slakr</i>, Sw.
<i>slak</i>; cf. Skr. <i>s&rsdot;j</i> to let loose, to throw.  Cf.
<u>Slake</u>.] <def>Lax; not tense; not hard drawn; not firmly
extended; as, a <i>slack</i> rope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Weak; not holding fast; as, a <i>slack</i>
hand.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Remiss; backward; not using due diligence
or care; not earnest or eager; as, <i>slack</i> in duty or
service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord is not <i>slack</i> concerning his promise, as
some men count slackness.</blockquote> <i>2 Pet. iii. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not violent, rapid, or pressing; slow;
moderate; easy; as, business is <i>slack</i>.</def> "With <i>slack</i>
pace."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>C&?;sar . . . about sunset, hoisting sail with a
<i>slack</i> southwest, at midnight was becalmed.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Slack in stays</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>slow in going
about, as a ship.</cd> -- <col><b>Slack water</b></col>, <cd>the time
when the tide runs slowly, or the water is at rest; or the interval
between the flux and reflux of the tide.</cd> -- <col><b>Slack-water
navigation</b></col>, <cd>navigation in a stream the depth of which
has been increased, and the current diminished, by a dam or
dams.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Loose; relaxed; weak; remiss; backward; abated;
diminished; inactive; slow; tardy; dull.</p>

<p><hw>Slack</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Slackly; as,
<i>slack</i> dried hops.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slack</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The part of anything that
hangs loose, having no strain upon it; as, the <i>slack</i> of a rope
or of a sail.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Slack</hw> (?), <hw>Slack"en</hw> (?), } <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> <u>Slacked</u> (?),
<u>Slackened</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slacking</u>, <u>Slackening</u>.] [See <u>Slack</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To become slack; to be
made less tense, firm, or rigid; to decrease in tension; as, a wet
cord <i>slackens</i> in dry weather.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be remiss or backward; to be
negligent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To lose cohesion or solidity by a chemical
combination with water; to slake; as, lime <i>slacks</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To abate; to become less violent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whence these raging fires<BR>
Will <i>slacken</i>, if his breath stir not their flames.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To lose rapidity; to become more slow; as,
a current of water <i>slackens</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To languish; to fail; to flag.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To end; to cease; to desist; to
slake.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That through your death your lineage should
<i>slack</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They will not of that firste purpose
<i>slack</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Slack</hw>, <hw>Slack"en</hw>, } <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To render slack; to make less tense or firm;
as, to <i>slack</i> a rope; to <i>slacken</i> a bandage.</def>
<i>Wycklif (Acts xxvii. 40)</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To neglect; to be remiss in.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Slack</i> not the pressage.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of cohesion by combining
chemically with water; to slake; as, to <i>slack</i> lime.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cause to become less eager; to repress;
to make slow or less rapid; to retard; as, to <i>slacken</i> pursuit;
to <i>slacken</i> industry.</def> "Rancor for to <i>slack</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I should be grieved, young prince, to think my
presence<BR>
Unbent your thoughts, and <i>slackened</i> 'em to arms.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In this business of growing rich, poor men should
<i>slack</i> their pace.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With such delay<BR>
Well plased, they <i>slack</i> their course.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To cause to become less intense; to
mitigate; to abate; to ease.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To respite, or deceive, or <i>slack</i> thy pain<BR>
Of this ill mansion.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Air-slacked lime</b></col>, <cd>lime slacked by exposure to
the air, in consequence of the absorption of carton dioxide and water,
by which it is converted into carbonate of lime and hydrate of
lime.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slack"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A
spongy, semivitrifled substance which miners or smelters mix with the
ores of metals to prevent their fusion.</def> [Written also
<i>slakin</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Slack"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a slack
manner.</def>  <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slack"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being slack.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slade</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sl&?;d</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A little dell or valley; a flat piece of low,
moist ground.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sole of a plow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slag</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sw. <i>slagg</i>, or LG.
<i>slacke</i>, whence G. <i>schlacke</i>; originally, perhaps, the
splinters struck off from the metal by hammering. See <u>Slay</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The dross, or
recrement, of a metal; also, vitrified cinders.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The scoria of a volcano.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Slag furnace</b></col>, or <col><b>Slag hearth</b></col>
<i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>a furnace, or hearth, for extracting lead from
slags or poor ore.</cd> -- <col><b>Slag wool</b></col>, <cd>mineral
wool. See under <u>Mineral</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slag"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
slag; resembling slag; as, <i>slaggy</i> cobalt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slaie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sley</u>.] <def>A
weaver's reed; a sley.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slake</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slaked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slaking</u>.] [OE. <i>slaken</i> to render slack, to slake, AS.
<i>sleacian</i>, fr. <i>sleac</i> slack. See <u>Slack</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos> & <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To allay; to quench; to extinguish; as, to <i>slake</i>
thirst.</def> "And <i>slake</i> the heavenly fire."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It could not <i>slake</i> mine ire nor ease my
heart.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mix with water, so that a true chemical
combination shall take place; to slack; as, to <i>slake</i>
lime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slake</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
go out; to become extinct.</def> "His flame did <i>slake</i>."  <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To abate; to become less decided.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To slacken; to become relaxed.</def> "When
the body's strongest sinews <i>slake</i>." [R.]  <i>Sir J.
Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To become mixed with water, so that a true
chemical combination takes place; as, the lime
<i>slakes</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Slake trough</b></col>, <cd>a trough containing water in
which a blacksmith cools a forging or tool.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slake"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not capable of being
slaked.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slak"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Metal.)</i>
<def>Slacken.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slam</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slammed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slamming</u>.] [Of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. <i>slamra</i>,
<i>slambra</i>, <i>sl&?;ma</i>, Norw. <i>slemba</i>, <i>slemma</i>,
dial. Sw. <i>sl&auml;mma</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shut with
force and a loud noise; to bang; as, he <i>slammed</i> the
door.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put in or on some place with force and
loud noise; -- usually with <i>down</i>; as, to <i>slam</i> a trunk
down on the pavement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To strike with some implement with force;
hence, to beat or cuff.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To strike down; to slaughter.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To defeat (opponents at cards) by winning
all the tricks of a deal or a hand.</def>  <i>Hoyle.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To slam to</b></col>, <cd>to shut or close with a
slam.</cd> "He <i>slammed to</i> the door." <i>W. D. Howells.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slam</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To come or swing
against something, or to shut, with sudden force so as to produce a
shock and noise; as, a door or shutter <i>slams</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slam</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of one who, or that which, slams.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The shock and noise produced in
slamming.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>slam</i> and the scowl were lost upon
Sam.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>Winning all the
tricks of a deal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The refuse of alum works.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Slam"-bang`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With great
violence; with a slamming or banging noise.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Slam"kin</hw> (?), <hw>Slam"mer*kin</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>schlampe</i>, <i>schlamp</i>, dim.
<i>schl&auml;mpchen</i>; <i>schlampen</i> to dangle, to be slovenly in
one's dress.] <def>A slut; a slatternly woman.</def> [Obs. or Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Slan"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sclandere</i>,
OF. <i>esclandre</i>, <i>esclandle</i>, <i>escandre</i>, F.
<i>esclandre</i>, fr. L. <i>scandalum</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?; a snare,
stumbling block, offense, scandal; probably originally, the spring of
a trap, and akin to Skr. <i>skand</i> to spring, leap. See
<u>Scan</u>, and cf. <u>Scandal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A false
tale or report maliciously uttered, tending to injure the reputation
of another; the malicious utterance of defamatory reports; the
dissemination of malicious tales or suggestions to the injury of
another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether we speak evil of a man to his face or behind
his back; the former way, indeed, seems to be the most generous, but
yet is a great fault, and that which we call "reviling;" the latter is
more mean and base, and that which we properly call "<i>slander</i>",
or "Backbiting."</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[We] make the careful magistrate<BR>
The mark of <i>slander</i>.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1352 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disgrace; reproach; dishonor;
opprobrium.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou <i>slander</i> of thy mother's heavy
womb.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Formerly, defamation
generally, whether oral or written; in modern usage, defamation by
words spoken; utterance of false, malicious, and defamatory words,
tending to the damage and derogation of another; calumny. See the Note
under <u>Defamation</u>.</def>  <i>Burril.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slan"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slandered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slandering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To defame; to injure by
maliciously uttering a false report; to tarnish or impair the
reputation of by false tales maliciously told or propagated; to
calumniate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, do not <i>slander</i> him, for he is
kind.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring discredit or shame upon by one's
acts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tax not so bad a voice<BR>
To <i>slander</i> music any more than once.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To asperse; defame; calumniate; vilify; malign;
belie; scandalize; reproach. See <u>Asperse</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Slan"der*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
slanders; a defamer; a calumniator.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slan"der*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Given or disposed to slander; uttering slander.</def>
"<i>Slanderous</i> tongue."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Embodying or containing slander;
calumnious; as, <i>slanderous</i> words, speeches, or
reports.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Slan"der*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Slan"der*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Slang</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Sling</u>.
Slung.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Slang</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any long, narrow piece of
land; a promontory.</def> [Local, Eng.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slang</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Sling</u>.] <def>A
fetter worn on the leg by a convict.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Slang</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Said to be of Gypsy origin;
but probably from Scand., and akin to E. <i>sling</i>; cf. Norw.
<i>sleng</i> a slinging, an invention, device, <i>slengja</i> to
sling, to cast, <i>slengja kjeften</i> (literally, to sling the jaw)
to use abusive language, to use slang, <i>slenjeord</i> (<i>ord</i> =
word) an insulting word, a new word that has no just reason for
being.] <def>Low, vulgar, unauthorized language; a popular but
unauthorized word, phrase, or mode of expression; also, the jargon of
some particular calling or class in society; low popular cant; as, the
<i>slang</i> of the theater, of college, of sailors, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slang</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slanged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slanging</u>.] <def>To address with slang or ribaldry; to insult
with vulgar language.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Every gentleman abused by a cabman or <i>slanged</i> by
a bargee was bound there and then to take off his coat and challenge
him to fisticuffs.</blockquote> <i>London Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slang"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being slangy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slan"gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slangy.</def>
[R.]  <i>John Bee.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slang"-whang`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Slang</i> +
<i>whang</i> to beat.] <def>One who uses abusive slang; a ranting
partisan.</def> [Colloq. or Humorous]  <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slang"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
slang; of the nature of slang; disposed to use slang.</def> [Written
also <i>slangey</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Slank</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Slink</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slant</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slanted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slanting</u>.] [OE. <i>slenten</i> to slope, slide; cf. Sw.
<i>slinta</i> to slide.] <def>To be turned or inclined from a right
line or level; to lie obliquely; to slope.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On the side of younder <i>slanting</i>
hill.</blockquote> <i>Dodsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slant</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To turn from a direct
line; to give an oblique or sloping direction to; as, to <i>slant</i>
a line.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
slanting direction or plane; a slope; as, it lies on a
<i>slant</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An oblique reflection or gibe; a sarcastic
remark.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Slant or wind</b></col>, <cd>a local variation of the wind
from its general direction.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slant</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. dial. Sw. <i>slant</i>.
See <u>Slant</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>Inclined from a direct
line, whether horizontal or perpendicular; sloping; oblique.</def>
"The <i>slant</i> lightning."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slant"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Oblique;
sloping.</def> -- <wf>Slant"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Slant"wise`</hw> (?), <hw>Slant"ly</hw>  },
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an inclined direction; obliquely;
slopingly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slap</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>slappe</i>; akin to
LG. <i>slappe</i>, G. <i>schlappe</i>; probably of imitative origin.]
<def>A blow, esp. one given with the open hand, or with something
broad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slap</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slapped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slapping</u>.] <def>To strike with the open hand, or with something
broad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slap</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Cf. LG. <i>slap</i>, G.
<i>schlapp</i>. See <u>Slap</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>With a
sudden and violent blow; hence, quickly; instantly; directly.</def>
[Colloq.] "The railroad cars drive <i>slap</i> into the city."
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slap"dash`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>Slap</i> +
<i>dash</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a bold, careless manner; at
random.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With a slap; all at once; slap.</def>
[Colloq.]  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slap"dash`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To apply, or
apply something to, in a hasty, careless, or rough manner; to
roughcast; as, to <i>slapdash</i> mortar or paint on a wall, or to
<i>slapdash</i> a wall.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slape</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>sleipr</i>
slippery; akin to E. <i>slip</i>.] <def>Slippery; smooth; crafty;
hypocritical.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Slape ale</b></col>, <cd>plain ale, as opposed to
<i>medicated</i> or <i>mixed</i> ale.</cd> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Slape"face`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A soft-spoken,
crafty hypocrite.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slap"jack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A flat batter
cake cooked on a griddle; a flapjack; a griddlecake.</def> [Local,
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Slap"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, slaps.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything monstrous; a whopper.</def>
[Slang]  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Slap"per</hw> (?), <hw>Slap"ping</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Very large; monstrous; big.</def>
[Slang.]</p>

<p><hw>Slash</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slashed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slashing</u>.] [OE. <i>slaschen</i>, of uncertain origin; cf. OF.
<i>esclachier</i> to break, <i>esclechier</i>, <i>esclichier</i>, to
break, and E. <i>slate</i>, <i>slice</i>, <i>slit</i>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut by striking violently and
at random; to cut in long slits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lash; to ply the whip to.</def> [R.]
<i>King.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To crack or snap, as a whip.</def> [R.]
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slash</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To strike violently
and at random, esp. with an edged instrument; to lay about one
indiscriminately with blows; to cut hastily and carelessly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hewing and <i>slashing</i> at their idle
shades.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slash</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A long
cut; a cut made at random.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A large slit in the material of any
garment, made to show the lining through the openings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Cf. <u>Slashy</u>.] <i>pl.</i> <def>Swampy or
wet lands overgrown with bushes.</def> [Local, U.S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slashed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Marked or cut with a slash or slashes; deeply gashed; especially,
having long, narrow openings, as a sleeve or other part of a garment,
to show rich lining or under vesture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A gray jerkin, with scarlet and <i>slashed</i>
sleeves.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Divided into many narrow
parts or segments by sharp incisions; laciniate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slash"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Textile Manuf.)</i>
<def>A machine for applying size to warp yarns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slash" pine"</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of pine tree
(<i>Pinus Cubensis</i>) found in Southern Florida and the West Indies;
-- so called because it grows in "slashes."</def></p>

<p><hw>Slash"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Sw. <i>slaska</i>
to dabble in water.  Cf. <u>Slush</u>.] <def>Wet and dirty;
slushy.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Slat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. <u>Slot</u> a bar.]
<def>A thin, narrow strip or bar of wood or metal; as, the
<i>slats</i> of a window blind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slat</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slatted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slatting</u>.] [OE. <i>slatten</i>; cf. Icel. <i>sletta</i> to
slap, to dab.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To slap; to strike; to beat; to
throw down violently.</def> [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>How did you kill him?<BR>
<i>Slat[t]ed</i> his brains out.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To split; to crack.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To set on; to incite. See 3d
<u>Slate</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Slatch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Slack</u>.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The period of a transitory
breeze.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An interval of fair
weather.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The loose or slack part of a
rope; slack.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>slat</i>, OF.
<i>esclat</i> a shiver, splinter, F. <i>&eacute;clat</i>, fr. OF.
<i>esclater</i> to shiver, to chip, F. <i>&eacute;clater</i>, fr. OHG.
<i>sliezen</i> to tear, slit, split, fr. <i>sl&imacr;zan</i> to slit,
G. <i>schleissen</i>. See <u>Slit</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and
cf. <u>Eclat</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An
argillaceous rock which readily splits into thin plates; argillite;
argillaceous schist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any rock or stone having a slaty
structure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A prepared piece of such stone.</def>
Especially: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A thin, flat piece, for roofing
or covering houses, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A tablet for
writing upon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An artificial material, resembling slate,
and used for the above purposes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A thin plate of any material; a
flake.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Politics)</i> <def>A list of candidates,
prepared for nomination or for election; a list of candidates, or a
programme of action, devised beforehand.</def> [Cant, U.S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Adhesive slate</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a kind of slate
of a greenish gray color, which absorbs water rapidly, and adheres to
the tongue; whence the name.</cd> -- <col><b>Aluminous
slate</b></col>, or <col><b>Alum slate</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a
kind of slate containing sulphate of alumina, -- used in the
manufacture of alum.</cd> -- <col><b>Bituminous slate</b></col>
<i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a soft species of sectile clay slate, impregnated
with bitumen.</cd> -- <col><b>Hornblende slate</b></col>
<i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a slaty rock, consisting essentially of hornblende
and feldspar, useful for flagging on account of its toughness.</cd> --
<col><b>Slate ax</b></col> or  <col><b>axe</b></col>, <cd>a mattock
with an ax end, used in shaping slates for roofs, and making holes in
them for the nails.</cd> -- <col><b>Slate clay</b></col>
<i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>an indurated clay, forming one of the alternating
beds of the coal measures, consisting of an infusible compound of
alumina and silica, and often used for making fire bricks.</cd>
<i>Tomlinson.</i> -- <col><b>Slate globe</b></col>, <cd>a globe the
surface of which is made of an artificial slatelike material.</cd> --
<col><b>Slate pencil</b></col>, <cd>a pencil of slate, or of
soapstone, used for writing on a slate.</cd> -- <col><b>Slate
rocks</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>rocks which split into thin
lamin&aelig;, not necessarily parallel to the stratification; foliated
rocks.</cd> -- <col><b>Slate spar</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a
variety of calcite of silvery white luster and of a slaty
structure.</cd> -- <col><b>Transparent slate</b></col>, <cd>a plate of
translucent material, as ground glass, upon which a copy of a picture,
placed beneath it, can be made by tracing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover with slate, or with
a substance resembling slate; as, to <i>slate</i> a roof; to
<i>slate</i> a globe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To register (as on a slate and subject to
revision), for an appointment.</def> [Polit. Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Slate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>sl&aemacr;ting</i> a privilege of hunting.] <def>To set a dog upon;
to bait; to slat. See 2d <u>Slat</u>, 3.</def> [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
[Written also <i>slete</i>.]  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p> </p>

<p><hw>Slate"-col`or</hw> (?). <def>A dark bluish gray
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slate"-gray`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a dark
gray, like slate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slat"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who lays
slates, or whose occupation is to slate buildings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slat"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
terrestrial isopod crustacean of the genus <i>Porcellio</i> and allied
genera; a sow bug.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slat"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of covering with slate, slates, or a substance resembling slate;
the work of a slater.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Slates, collectively; also, material for
slating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slatt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Slat</u> a strip
of board.] <def>A slab of stone used as a veneer for coarse
masonry.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slat"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [E. <i>slat</i> to
throw or dash about.] <def>To be careless, negligent, or aswkward,
esp. with regard to dress and neatness; to be wasteful.</def>
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slat"tern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who is
negligent of her dress or house; one who is not neat and
nice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slat"tern</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a
slattern; sluttish; slatterny.</def> "The <i>slattern</i> air."
<i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slat"tern</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To consume
carelessly or wastefully; to waste; -- with <i>away</i>.</def> [R.]
<i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slat"tern*li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being slatternly; slovenliness;
untidiness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slat"tern*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a
slattern; sluttish; negligent; dirty.</def> -- <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In a slatternly manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slat"ter*pouch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dance or
game played by boys, requiring active exercise.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slat"ting</hw> (?), <def>Slats, collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slat"ting</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The violent shaking
or flapping of anything hanging loose in the wind, as of a sail, when
being hauled down.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slat"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Slate</u>.]
<def>Resembling slate; having the nature, appearance, or properties,
of slate; composed of thin parallel plates, capable of being separated
by splitting; as, a <i>slaty</i> color or texture.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Slaty cleavage</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>cleavage, as of
rocks, into thin leaves or plates, like those of slate; -- applied
especially to those cases in which the planes of cleavage are not
parallel to the planes of stratification. It is now believed to be
caused by the compression which the strata have undergone.</cd> --
<col><b>Slaty gneiss</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a variety of gneiss
in which the scales of mica or crystals of hornblende, which are
usually minute, form thin lamin&aelig;, rendering the rock easily
cleavable.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slaugh"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>slautir</i>,
<i>slaughter</i>, <i>slaghter</i>, Icel. <i>sl&amacr;tr</i> slain
flesh, modified by OE. <i>slaught</i>, <i>slaht</i>, slaughter, fr.
AS. <i>sleaht</i> a stroke, blow; both from the root of E. slay. See
<u>Slay</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Onslaught</u>.]
<def>The act of killing.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The extensive, violent, bloody, or wanton destruction of life;
carnage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On war and mutual <i>slaughter</i> bent.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The act of killing cattle or other beasts
for market.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Carnage; massacre; butchery; murder; havoc.</p>

<p><hw>Slaugh"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slaughtered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slaughtering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To visit with great
destruction of life; to kill; to slay in battle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your castle is surprised; your wife and babes<BR>
Savagely <i>slaughtered</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To butcher; to kill for the market, as
beasts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slaugh"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
slaughters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slaugh"ter*house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house
where beasts are butchered for the market.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slaugh"ter*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Slaughtermen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One employed in
slaughtering.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slaugh"ter*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destructive;
murderous.</def> <i>Shak.</i> <i>M. Arnold.</i> --
<wf>Slaugh"ter*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Slav</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;<i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Slavs</b></plw> (#). [A word originally meaning, intelligible,
and used to contrast the people so called with foreigners who spoke
languages unintelligible to the Slavs; akin to OSlav. <i>slovo</i> a
word, <i>slava</i> fame, Skr. <i>&ccedil;ru</i> to hear.  Cf.
<u>Loud</u>.] <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>One of a race of people occupying
a large part of Eastern and Northern Europe, including the Russians,
Bulgarians, Roumanians, Servo-Croats, Slovenes, Poles, Czechs, Wends
or Sorbs, Slovaks, etc.</def> [Written also <i>Slave</i>, and
<i>Sclav</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Slave</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Slav</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slave</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>esclave</i>, D.
<i>slaaf</i>, Dan. <i>slave</i>, <i>sclave</i>, Sw. <i>slaf</i>, all
fr. G. <i>sklave</i>, MHG. also <i>slave</i>, from the national name
of the Slavonians, or Sclavonians (in LL. <i>Slavi</i> or
<i>Sclavi</i>), who were frequently made slaves by the Germans. See
<u>Slav</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A person who is held in bondage
to another; one who is wholly subject to the will of another; one who
is held as a chattel; one who has no freedom of action, but whose
person and services are wholly under the control of another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> thou our <i>slave</i>,<BR>
Our captive, at the public mill our drudge?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who has lost the power of resistance;
one who surrenders himself to any power whatever; as, a <i>slave</i>
to passion, to lust, to strong drink, to ambition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A drudge; one who labors like a
slave.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An abject person; a wretch.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Slave ant</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any species of
ants which is captured and enslaved by another species, especially
<i>Formica fusca</i> of Europe and America, which is commonly enslaved
by <i>Formica sanguinea</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Slave catcher</b></col>,
<cd>one who attempted to catch and bring back a fugitive slave to his
master.</cd> -- <col><b>Slave coast</b></col>, <cd>part of the western
coast of Africa to which slaves were brought to be sold to
foreigners.</cd> -- <col><b>Slave driver</b></col>, <cd>one who
superintends slaves at their work; hence, figuratively, a cruel
taskmaster.</cd> -- <col><b>Slave hunt</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A search after persons in order to reduce them to slavery</cd>.
<i>Barth.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A search after fugitive slaves,
often conducted with bloodhounds.</cd> -- <col><b>Slave
ship</b></col>, <cd>a vessel employed in the slave trade or used for
transporting slaves; a slaver.</cd> -- <col><b>Slave trade</b></col>,
<cd>the business of dealing in slaves, especially of buying them for
transportation from their homes to be sold elsewhere.</cd> --
<col><b>Slave trader</b></col>, <cd>one who traffics in
slaves.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Bond servant; bondman; bondslave; captive; henchman;
vassal; dependent; drudge. See <u>Serf</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Slave</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slaved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slaving</u>.] <def>To drudge; to toil; to labor as a
slave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slave</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To enslave.</def>
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slave"born`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Born in
slavery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slave"hold`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who holds
slaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slave"hold`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Holding persons
in slavery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slave*oc"ra*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Slavocracy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slav"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A vessel engaged in the slave trade; a slave ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person engaged in the purchase and sale
of slaves; a slave merchant, or slave trader.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>slaver's</i> hand was on the latch,<BR>
He seemed in haste to go.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slav"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slavered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slavering</u>.] [Cf. Icel. <i>slafra</i>. See <u>Slabber</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To suffer spittle, etc., to run from the
mouth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be besmeared with saliva.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slav"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To smear with saliva
issuing from the mouth; to defile with drivel; to slabber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slav"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Saliva driveling from
the mouth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of all mad creatures, if the learned are right,<BR>
It is the <i>slaver</i> kills, and not the bite.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slav"er*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A driveler; an
idiot.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1353 !></p>

<p><hw>Slav"er*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Drooling;
defiling with saliva.</def> -- <wf>Slav"er*ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Slav"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Slaveries</b></plw> (#). [See  2d <u>Slave</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The condition of a slave; the state of entire
subjection of one person to the will of another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Disguise thyself as thou wilt, still, <i>slavery</i>,
said I, still thou art a bitter draught!</blockquote>
<i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I wish, from my soul, that the legislature of this
state [Virginia] could see the policy of a gradual abolition of
<i>slavery</i>. It might prevent much future mischief.</blockquote>
<i>Washington.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A condition of subjection or submission
characterized by lack of freedom of action or of will.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The vulgar <i>slaveries</i> rich men submit
to.</blockquote> <i>C. Lever.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a <i>slavery</i> that no legislation can
abolish, -- the <i>slavery</i> of caste.</blockquote> <i>G. W.
Cable.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The holding of slaves.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Bondage; servitude; inthrallment; enslavement;
captivity; bond service; vassalage.</p>

<p><hw>Slav"ey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
maidservant.</def> [Colloq. & Jocose Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Slav"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slavonic.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The group of allied languages spoken by the
Slavs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slav"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to slaves; such as becomes or befits a slave; servile; excessively
laborious; as, a <i>slavish</i> life; a <i>slavish</i> dependance on
the great.</def> -- <wf>Slav"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Slav"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Slav"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The common feeling
and interest of the Slavonic race.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slav*oc"ra*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Slave</i> +
<i>-cracy</i>, as in <i>democracy</i>.] <def>The persons or interest
formerly representing slavery politically, or wielding political power
for the preservation or advancement of slavery.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sla*vo"ni*an</hw> (?), <hw>Sla*von"ic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
Slavonia, or its inhabitants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the Slavs, or their
language.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sla*vo"ni*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or
inhabitant of Slavonia; ethnologically, a Slav.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Slav"o*phil</hw> (?), <hw>Slav"o*phile</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Slavic</i> + Gr. &?;&?;&?; loving.] <def>One,
not being a Slav, who is interested in the development and prosperity
of that race.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slaw</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>sla</i>, contr. fr.
<i>salade</i>, OD. <i>salaet</i>, <i>salad</i>. See <u>Salad</u>.]
<def>Sliced cabbage served as a salad, cooked or uncooked.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Slaw</hw>, <hw>Slaw"en</hw>  } (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> of <u>Slee</u>, to slay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With a sword drawn out he would have <i>slaw</i>
himself.</blockquote> <i>Wyclif (Acts xvi. 27.)</i></p>

<p><hw>Slay</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Slew</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Slain</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Slaying</u>.] [OE. <i>slan</i>,
<i>sl&?;n</i>, <i>sleen</i>, <i>slee</i>, AS. <i>sle&aacute;n</i> to
strike, beat, slay; akin to OFries. <i>sl&amacr;</i>, D. <i>slaan</i>,
OS. & OHG. <i>slahan</i>, G. <i>schlagen</i>, Icel. <i>sl&amacr;</i>,
Dan. <i>slaae</i>, Sw. <i>sl&?;</i>, Goth. <i>slahan</i>; perhaps akin
to L. <i>lacerare</i> to tear to pieces, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;, E.
<i>lacerate</i>.  Cf. <u>Slaughter</u>, <u>Sledge</u> a hammer,
<u>Sley</u>.] <def>To put to death with a weapon, or by violence;
hence, to kill; to put an end to; to destroy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With this sword then will I <i>slay</i> you
both.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>slay</i> the last of them with the
sword.</blockquote> <i>Amos ix. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll <i>slay</i> more gazers than the
basilisk.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To kill; murder; slaughter; butcher.</p>

<p><hw>Slay"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who slays; a
killer; a murderer; a destroyer of life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sla"zy</hw> (sl&amacr;"z&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Sleazy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sle</hw> (sl&emacr;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
slay.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sleave</hw> (sl&emacr;v), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan.
<i>sl&ouml;if</i>, a knot loop, Sw. <i>slejf</i>, G. <i>schleife</i> a
knot, sliding knot, and E. <i>slip</i>, v.i.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The knotted or entangled part of silk or thread.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Silk not yet twisted; floss; -- called also
<i>sleave silk</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sleep that knits up the ravell'd <i>sleave</i> of
care.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sleave</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sleaved</u> (sl&emacr;vd); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sleaving</u>.] <def>To separate, as threads; to
divide, as a collection of threads; to sley; -- a weaver's
term.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleaved</hw> (sl&emacr;vd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Raw; not
spun or wrought; as, <i>sleaved</i> thread or silk.</def>
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slea"zi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being sleazy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slea"zy</hw> (sl&emacr;"z&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
G. <i>schleissig</i> worn out, threadbare, from <i>schleissen</i> to
slit, split, decay, or E. <i>leasy</i>.] <def>Wanting firmness of
texture or substance; thin; flimsy; as, <i>sleazy</i> silk or
muslin.</def> [Spelt also <i>slazy</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sled</hw> (sl&ebreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to D.
<i>slede</i>, G. <i>schlitten</i>, OHG. <i>slito</i>, Icel.
<i>sle&eth;i</i>, Sw. <i>sl&auml;de</i>, Dan. <i>sl&aelig;de</i>, and
E. <i>slide</i>, v. See <u>Slide</u>, and cf. <u>Sledge</u> a vehicle,
<u>Sleigh</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A vehicle on runners, used for
conveying loads over the snow or ice; -- in England called
<i>sledge</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small, light vehicle with runners, used,
mostly by young persons, for sliding on snow or ice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sled</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sledded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sledding</u>.] <def>To convey or transport on a sled; as, to
<i>sled</i> wood or timber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sled"ding</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of transporting or riding on a sled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of the snow which admits of the
running of sleds; as, the <i>sledding</i> is good.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sledge</hw> (sl&ebreve;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps from
<i>sleds</i>, pl. of <i>sled</i>, confused with <i>sledge</i> a
hammer. See <u>Sled</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A strong vehicle with low runners or low wheels; or one without
wheels or runners, made of plank slightly turned up at one end, used
for transporting loads upon the snow, ice, or bare ground; a
sled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hurdle on which, formerly, traitors were
drawn to the place of execution.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sleigh.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A game at cards; -- called also <i>old
sledge</i>, and <i>all fours</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Sledge</hw> (sl&ebreve;j), <pos><i>v. i. & t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sledged</u> (sl&ebreve;jd);
<pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Sledging</u>.] <def>To travel or
convey in a sledge or sledges.</def>  <i>Howitt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sledge</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>slecge</i>,from
<i>sle&aacute;n</i> to strike, beat. See <u>Slay</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>A large, heavy hammer, usually wielded with both
hands; -- called also <i>sledge hammer</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With his heavy <i>sledge</i> he can it
beat.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slee</hw> (sl&emacr;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Slay</u>.] <def>To slay.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sleek</hw> (sl&emacr;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sleeker</u> (-&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sleekest</u>.] [OE. <i>slik</i>; akin to
Icel. <i>sl&imacr;kr</i>, and OE. <i>sliken</i> to glide, slide, G.
<i>schleichen</i>, OHG. <i>sl&imacr;hhan</i>, D. <i>slik</i>,
<i>slijk</i>, mud, slime, and E. <i>slink</i>.  Cf. <u>Slick</u>,
<u>Slink</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having an even, smooth surface;
smooth; hence, glossy; as, <i>sleek</i> hair.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So <i>sleek</i> her skin, so faultless was her
make.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not rough or harsh.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those rugged names to our like mouths grow
<i>sleek</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sleek</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With ease and
dexterity.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><hw>Sleek</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which makes smooth;
varnish.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sleek</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sleeked</u> (?);<pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sleeking</u>.] <def>To make even and smooth; to render smooth,
soft, and glossy; to smooth over.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sleeking</i> her soft alluring locks.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Gentle, my lord, <i>sleek</i> o'er your rugged
looks.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sleek"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sleek manner;
smoothly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleek"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being sleek; smoothness and glossiness of surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleek"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of a sleek, or smooth, and glossy appearance.</def>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fawning and deceitful; sly.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Sleep</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of Sleep.
Slept.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sleep</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slept</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sleeping</u>.] [OE. <i>slepen</i>, AS. <i>sl&?;pan</i>; akin to
OFries. <i>sl&?;pa</i>, OS. <i>sl&amacr;pan</i>, D. <i>slapen</i>,
OHG. <i>sl&amacr;fan</i>, G. <i>schlafen</i>, Goth. <i>sl&?;pan</i>,
and G. <i>schlaff</i> slack, loose, and L. <i>labi</i> to glide,
slide, <i>labare</i> to totter.  Cf. <u>Lapse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To take rest by a suspension of the voluntary exercise of the
powers of the body and mind, and an apathy of the organs of sense; to
slumber.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Watching at the head of these that
<i>sleep</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Figuratively: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To be
careless, inattentive, or uncouncerned; not to be vigilant; to live
thoughtlessly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>sleep</i> over our happiness.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To be dead; to lie in the grave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Them also which <i>sleep</i> in Jesus will God bring
with him.</blockquote> <i>1 Thess. iv. 14.  </i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To be, or appear to be, in repose; to be
quiet; to be unemployed, unused, or unagitated; to rest; to lie
dormant; as, a question <i>sleeps</i> for the present; the law
<i>sleeps</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How sweet the moonlight <i>sleep</i> upon this
bank!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sleep</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be slumbering in; -- followed by a cognate object; as, to <i>sleep</i>
a dreamless sleep.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give sleep to; to furnish with
accomodations for sleeping; to lodge.</def> [R.]  <i>Blackw.
Mag.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To sleep away</b></col>, <cd>to spend in sleep; as, <i>to
sleep away</i> precious time.</cd> -- <col><b>To sleep off</b></col>,
<cd>to become free from by sleep; as, <i>to sleep off</i> drunkeness
or fatigue.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sleep</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sl&aemacr;p</i>; akin
to OFries. <i>sl&emacr;p</i>, OS. <i>sl&amacr;p</i>, D. <i>slaap</i>,
OHG. <i>sl&amacr;f</i>, G. <i>schlaf</i>, Goth. <i>sl&emacr;ps</i>.
See <u>Sleep</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>A natural and healthy,
but temporary and periodical, suspension of the functions of the
organs of sense, as well as of those of the voluntary and rational
soul; that state of the animal in which there is a lessened acuteness
of sensory perception, a confusion of ideas, and a loss of mental
control, followed by a more or less unconscious state.</def> "A man
that waketh of his <i>sleep</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O <i>sleep</i>, thou ape of death.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Sleep is attended by a relaxation of the muscles, and the
absence of voluntary activity for any rational objects or purpose. The
pulse is slower, the respiratory movements fewer in number but more
profound, and there is less blood in the cerebral vessels. It is
susceptible of greater or less intensity or completeness in its
control of the powers.
</p>

<p><col><b>Sleep of plants</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a state of
plants, usually at night, when their leaflets approach each other, and
the flowers close and droop, or are covered by the folded
leaves.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Slumber; repose; rest; nap; doze; drowse.</p>

<p><hw>Sleep"-at-noon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A plant (<i>Tragopogon pratensis</i>) which closes its flowers at
midday; a kind of goat's beard.</def>  <i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sleep"-charged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Heavy with
sleep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleep"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who sleeps; a slumberer; hence, a drone, or lazy
person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which lies dormant, as a law.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sleeping car.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An animal that
hibernates, as the bear.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
large fresh-water gobioid fish (<i>Eleotris dormatrix</i>).</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A nurse shark. See under
<u>Nurse</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleep"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Norw. <i>sleip</i> a
sleeper (a timber), as adj., slippery, smooth. See <u>Slape</u>.]
<def>Something lying in a reclining posture or position.</def>
Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the pieces of timber, stone, or
iron, on or near the level of the ground, for the support of some
superstructure, to steady framework, to keep in place the rails of a
railway, etc.; a stringpiece.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the joists, or roughly shaped
timbers, laid directly upon the ground, to receive the flooring of the
ground story.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>One of the knees which
connect the transoms to the after timbers on the ship's
quarter.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The lowest, or bottom, tier
of casks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleep"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Strongly inclined
to sleep; very sleepy.</def> -- <wf>Sleep"ful*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sleep"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sleepy
manner; drowsily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleep"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sleepy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleep"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Sleep</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sleeping car</b></col>, <cd>a railway car or carrriage,
arranged with apartments and berths for sleeping.</cd> --
<col><b>Sleeping partner</b></col> <i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>a dormant
partner. See under <u>Dormant</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sleeping
table</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>a stationary inclined platform on
which pulverized ore is washed; a kind of buddle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sleep"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disposed to
sleep; sleepy; drowsy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your <i>sleepish</i>, and more than <i>sleepish</i>,
security.</blockquote> <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sleep"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having no sleep; wakeful.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having no rest; perpetually agitated.</def>
"Biscay's <i>sleepless</i> bay."  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sleep"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sleep"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sleep"mark`en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See 1st <u>Hag</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleep"wak`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>On in a state
of magnetic or mesmeric sleep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleep"wak`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of one
mesmerized, or in a partial and morbid sleep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleep"walk`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who walks
in his sleep; a somnambulist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleep"walk`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Walking in one's
sleep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleep"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sleepier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sleepiest</u>.] [AS. <i>sl&?;pig</i>. See
<u>Sleep</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Drowsy;
inclined to, or overcome by, sleep.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She waked her <i>sleepy</i> crew.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tending to induce sleep; soporiferous;
somniferous; as, a <i>sleepy</i> drink or potion.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Dull; lazy; heavy; sluggish.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>'Tis not <i>sleepy</i> business;<BR>
But must be looked to speedily and strongly.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by an absence of
watchfulness; as, <i>sleepy</i> security.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sleepy duck</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the ruddy
duck.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sleep"y*head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A sleepy person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To bed, to bed, says <i>Sleepyhead</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Mother Goose.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The ruddy
duck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sle"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A slayer.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sleet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>The
part of a mortar extending from the chamber to the
trunnions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleet</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sleet</i>; akin to
MHG. <i>sl&?;z</i>, <i>sl&?;ze</i> hailstone, G. <i>schlosse</i>; of
uncertain origin.] <def>Hail or snow, mingled with rain, usually
falling, or driven by the wind, in fine particles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleet</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sleeted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sleeting</u>.] <def>To snow or hail with a mixture of
rain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleetch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Slush</u>,
<u>Slutch</u>.] <def>Mud or slime, such as that at the bottom of
rivers.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Sleet"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being sleety.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleet"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
sleet; characterized by sleet; as, a <i>sleety</i> storm;
<i>sleety</i> weather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleeve</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Sleave</u>,
untwisted thread.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleeve</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sleeve</i>,
<i>sleve</i>, AS. <i>sl&?;fe</i>, <i>sl&?;fe</i>; akin to
<i>sl&?;fan</i> to put on, to clothe; cf. OD. <i>sloove</i> the
turning up of anything, <i>sloven</i> to turn up one's sleeves,
<i>sleve</i> a sleeve, G. <i>schlaube</i> a husk, pod.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The part of a garment which covers the arm;
as, the <i>sleeve</i> of a coat or a gown.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A narrow channel of water.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Celtic Sea, called oftentimes the
<i>Sleeve</i>.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
tubular part made to cover, sustain, or steady another part, or to
form a connection between two parts.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
long bushing or thimble, as in the nave of a wheel.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A short piece of pipe used for covering a
joint, or forming a joint between the ends of two other
pipes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sleeve button</b></col>, <cd>a detachable button to fasten
the wristband or cuff.</cd> -- <col><b>Sleeve links</b></col>, <cd>two
bars or buttons linked together, and used to fasten a cuff or
wristband.</cd> -- <col><b>To laugh in the sleeve</b></col>, <cd>to
laugh privately or unperceived, especially while apparently preserving
a grave or serious demeanor toward the person or persons laughed at;
that is, perhaps, originally, by hiding the face in the wide sleeves
of former times.</cd> -- <col><b>To pin</b></col>, or
<col><b>hang</b></col>, <col><b>on the sleeve of</b></col>, <cd>to be,
or make, dependent upon.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sleeve</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sleeved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sleeving</u>.] <def>To furnish with sleeves; to put sleeves into;
as, to <i>sleeve</i> a coat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleeved</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having sleeves;
furnished with sleeves; -- often in composition; as, long-
<i>sleeved</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleeve"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A squid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleeve"hand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The part of a
sleeve nearest the hand; a cuff or wristband.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sleeve"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sl&?;fle&aacute;s</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having no
sleeves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wanting a cover, pretext, or palliation;
unreasonable; profitless; bootless; useless.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The vexation of a <i>sleeveless</i>
errand.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sleid</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sleided</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sleiding</u>.] [See <u>Sley</u>.] <def>To sley, or prepare for use
in the weaver's sley, or slaie.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sleigh</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sly.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sleigh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. & LG.
<i>slede</i>, <i>slee</i>, Icel. <i>sle&?;i</i>. See <u>Sled</u>.]
<def>A vehicle moved on runners, and used for transporting persons or
goods on snow or ice; -- in England commonly called a
<i>sledge</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sleigh bell</b></col>, <cd>a small bell attached either to
a horse when drawing a slegh, or to the sleigh itself; especially a
globular bell with a loose ball which plays inside instead of a
clapper.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sleigh"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of riding in a sleigh.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of the snow or ice which admits
of running sleighs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleight</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sleighte</i>,
<i>sleihte</i>, <i>sleithe</i>, Icel. <i>sl&?;g&?;</i> (for
<i>sl&?;g&?;</i>) slyness, cunning, fr. <i>sl&?;gr</i> (for
<i>sl&?;gr</i>) sly, cunning. See <u>Sly</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Cunning; craft; artful practice.</def> [Obs.] "His <i>sleight</i>
and his covin."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An artful trick; sly artifice; a feat so
dexterous that the manner of performance escapes
observation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The world hath many subtle
<i>sleights</i>.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Dexterous practice; dexterity; skill.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i> "The juggler's <i>sleight</i>."  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sleight of hand</b></col>, <cd>legerdemain;
prestidigitation.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1354 !></p>

<p><hw>Sleight"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cunning;
dexterous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sleight"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Cinningly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Huloet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sleight"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cinning;
sly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Huloet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slen"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Slenderer</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Slenderest</u>.] [OE. <i>slendre</i>,
<i>sclendre</i>, fr. OD. <i>slinder</i> thin, slender, perhaps through
a French form; cf. OD. <i>slinderen</i>, <i>slidderen</i>, to creep;
perh. akin to E. <i>slide</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Small or
narrow in proportion to the length or the height; not thick; slim; as,
a <i>slender</i> stem or stalk of a plant.</def> "A <i>slender</i>,
choleric man."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She, as a veil down to the <i>slender</i> waist,<BR>
Her unadorned golden tresses wore.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Weak; feeble; not strong; slight; as,
<i>slender</i> hope; a <i>slender</i> constitution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mighty hearts are held in <i>slender</i>
chains.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They have inferred much from <i>slender</i>
premises.</blockquote> <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>slender</i> utterance of the
consonants.</blockquote> <i>J. Byrne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Moderate; trivial; inconsiderable; slight;
as, a man of <i>slender</i> intelligence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>slender</i> degree of patience will enable him to
enjoy both the humor and the pathos.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Small; inadequate; meager; pitiful; as,
<i>slender</i> means of support; a <i>slender</i> pittance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Frequent begging makes <i>slender</i>
alms.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Spare; abstemious; frugal; as, a
<i>slender</i> diet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The good Ostorius often deigned<BR>
To grace my <i>slender</i> table with his presence.</blockquote>
<i>Philips.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>Uttered with a thin tone; --
the opposite of <i>broad</i>; as, the <i>slender</i> vowels long
<i>e</i> and <i>i</i>.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Slen"der*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Slen"der*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Slent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. & v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Slant</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Slep</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Sleep</u>. Slept.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sle*pez"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ.
<i>sliepets'</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A burrowing rodent
(<i>Spalax typhlus</i>), native of Russia and Asia Minor. It has the
general appearance of a mole, and is destitute of eyes. Called also
<i>mole rat</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slept</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Sleep</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleuth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>sl&omacr;&eth;</i>. See <u>Slot</u> a track.] <def>The track of man
or beast as followed by the scent.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sleuth"hound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sleuth</u>, and cf. <u>Slothound</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
hound that tracks animals by the scent; specifically, a
bloodhound.</def> [Spelt variously <i>slouthhound</i>,
<i>sluthhound</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><hw>Slew</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Slay</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slew</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Slue</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slewed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
drunk.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Slewth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sloth;
idleness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sley</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sl&?;</i>, fr.
<i>sle&aacute;n</i> to strike. See <u>Slay</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A weaver's reed.</def> [Spelt
also <i>slaie</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A guideway in a knitting machine.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sley</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To separate or part the
threads of, and arrange them in a reed; -- a term used by weavers. See
<u>Sleave</u>, and <u>Sleid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slib"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slippery.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>slice</i>,
<i>sclice</i>, OF. <i>esclice</i>, from <i>esclicier</i>,
<i>esclichier</i>, to break to pieces, of German origin; cf. OHG.
<i>sl&imacr;zan</i> to split, slit, tear, G. <i>schleissen</i> to
slit. See <u>Slit</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A thin, broad piece cut off; as, a <i>slice</i> of bacon; a
<i>slice</i> of cheese; a <i>slice</i> of bread.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is thin and broad, like a
slice.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A broad, thin
piece of plaster.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A salver, platter, or
tray.</def> [Obs.] <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A knife with a thin, broad
blade for taking up or serving fish; also, a spatula for spreading
anything, as paint or ink.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A plate of
iron with a handle, forming a kind of chisel, or a spadelike
implement, variously proportioned, and used for various purposes, as
for stripping the planking from a vessel's side, for cutting blubber
from a whale, or for stirring a fire of coals; a slice bar; a peel; a
fire shovel.</def> [Cant] <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>
<def>One of the wedges by which the cradle and the ship are lifted
clear of the building blocks to prepare for launching.</def>
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <i>(Printing)</i> <def>A removable sliding bottom
to galley.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Slice bar</b></col>, <cd>a kind of fire iron resembling a
poker, with a broad, flat end, for stirring a fire of coals, and
clearing it and the grate bars from clinkers, ashes, etc.; a
slice.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slice</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sliced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slicing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut into thin pieces,
or to cut off a thin, broad piece from.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cut into parts; to divide.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To clear by means of a slice bar, as a fire
or the grate bars of a furnace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sli"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, slices; specifically, the circular saw of the
lapidary.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Slich</hw> (?), <hw>Slick</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Metal.)</i> <def>See <u>Schlich</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slick</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Sleek</u>.]
<def>Sleek; smooth.</def> "Both <i>slick</i> and dainty."
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slick</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make sleek or
smoth.</def> "<i>Slicked</i> all with sweet oil."  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slick</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Joinery)</i> <def>A wide
paring chisel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slick"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sleek;
smooth.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Slick"ens</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Slick</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The pulverized matter from
a quartz mill, or the lighter soil of hydraulic mines.</def> [Local,
U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Slick"en*sides`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The smooth, striated, or partially polished
surfaces of a fissure or seam, supposed to have been produced by the
sliding of one surface on another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A variety of galena found in Derbyshire,
England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slick"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which makes
smooth or sleek.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A kind
of burnisher for leather.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Founding)</i>
<def>A curved tool for smoothing the surfaces of a mold after the
withdrawal of the pattern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slick"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A waterproof
coat.</def> [Western U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Slick"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of smoothing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Narrow veins of
ore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slick"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or quality
of being slick; smoothness; sleekness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slid</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Slide</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slid"den</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Slide</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slid"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sliderian</i>. See <u>Slide</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To
slide with interruption.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Slid"der</hw>, <hw>Slid"der*ly</hw>, <hw>Slid"der*y</hw> (?)
}, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>slidor</i>. See <u>Slide</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Slippery.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To a drunk man the way is <i>slidder</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slide</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Slid</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Slidden</u> (?),
<u>Slid</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Slidding</u> (?).]
[OE. <i>sliden</i>, AS. <i>sl&imacr;dan</i>; akin to MHG.
<i>sl&imacr;ten</i>, also to AS. <i>slidor</i> slippery, E.
<i>sled</i>, Lith. <i>slidus</i> slippery.  Cf. <u>Sled</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move along the surface of any body by
slipping, or without walking or rolling; to slip; to glide; as, snow
<i>slides</i> down the mountain's side.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, to move over snow or ice with a
smooth, uninterrupted motion, as on a sled moving by the force of
gravity, or on the feet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They bathe in summer, and in winter
<i>slide</i>.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pass inadvertently.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beware thou <i>slide</i> not by it.</blockquote>
<i>Ecclus. xxviii. 26.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To pass along smoothly or unobservedly; to
move gently onward without friction or hindrance; as, a ship or boat
<i>slides</i> through the water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ages shall <i>slide</i> away without
perceiving.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Parts answering parts shall <i>slide</i> into a
whole.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To slip when walking or standing; to
fall.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their foot shall <i>slide</i> in due time.</blockquote>
<i>Deut. xxxii. 35.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To pass from one note to
another with no perceptible cassation of sound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To pass out of one's thought as not being
of any consequence.</def> [Obs. or Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With good hope let he sorrow <i>slide</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With a calm carelessness letting everything
<i>slide</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slide</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to slide; to thrust along; as, to <i>slide</i> one piece of
timber along another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pass or put imperceptibly; to slip; as,
to <i>slide</i> in a word to vary the sense of a question.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slide</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sl&imacr;de</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of sliding; as, a <i>slide</i> on the
ice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Smooth, even passage or progress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A better <i>slide</i> into their business.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That on which anything moves by
sliding.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An inclined
plane on which heavy bodies slide by the force of gravity, esp. one
constructed on a mountain side for conveying logs by sliding them
down.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A surface of ice or snow on which
children slide for amusement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which operates by sliding.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A cover which opens or closes
an aperture by sliding over it.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A moving piece which is guided by a part or parts
along which it slides.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A clasp or
brooch for a belt, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A plate or slip of glass on which is a
picture or delineation to be exhibited by means of a magic lantern,
stereopticon, or the like; a plate on which is an object to be
examined with a microscope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The descent of a mass of earth, rock, or
snow down a hill or mountain side; as, a land <i>slide</i>, or a snow
<i>slide</i>; also, the track of bare rock left by a land
slide.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A small dislocation in beds
of rock along a line of fissure.</def>  <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A grace
consisting of two or more small notes moving by conjoint degrees, and
leading to a principal note either above or below.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An apparatus in the trumpet and trombone by
which the sounding tube is lengthened and shortened so as to produce
the tones between the fundamental and its harmonics.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Phonetics)</i> <def>A sound which, by a
gradual change in the position of the vocal organs, passes
imperceptibly into another sound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Engine)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Same as <i>Guide bar</i>, under <u>Guide</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A slide valve.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Slide box</b></col> <i>(Steam Engine)</i>, <cd>a steam
chest. See under <u>Steam</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Slide lathe</b></col>,
<cd>an engine lathe. See under <u>Lathe</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Slide
rail</b></col>, <cd>a transfer table. See under <u>Transfer</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Slide rest</b></col> <i>(Turning lathes)</i>, <cd>a
contrivance for holding, moving, and guiding, the cutting tool, made
to slide on ways or guides by screws or otherwise, and having compound
motion.</cd> -- <col><b>Slide rule</b></col>, <cd>a mathematical
instrument consisting of two parts, one of which slides upon the
other, for the mechanical performance of addition and subtraction,
and, by means of logarithmic scales, of multiplication and
division.</cd> -- <col><b>Slide valve</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Any valve which opens and closes a passageway by sliding over a
port</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A particular kind of sliding valve,
often used in steam engines for admitting steam to the piston and
releasing it, alternately, having a cuplike cavity in its face,
through which the exhaust steam passes. It is situated in the steam
chest, and moved by the valve gear. It is sometimes called a <i>D
valve</i>, -- a name which is also applied to a semicylindrical pipe
used as a sliding valve.</cd></p>

<p>In the illustration, <i>a</i> is the cylinder of a steam engine, in
which plays the piston <i>p</i>; <i>b</i> the steam chest, receiving
its supply from the pipe <i>i</i>, and containing the slide valve
<i>s</i>, which is shown as admitting steam to one end of the cylinder
through the port <i>e</i>, and opening communication between the
exhaust passage <i>f</i> and the port <i>c</i>, for the release of
steam from the opposite end of the cylinder.</p>

<p><hw>Slide"groat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The game of
shovelboard.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Slid"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Slidder</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slid"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who, or that which, slides; especially, a sliding part of an
instrument or machine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The red-bellied
terrapin (<i>Pseudemys rugosa</i>).</def> [Local, U. S. ]</p>

<p><col><b>Slider pump</b></col>, <cd>a form of rotary pump.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slid"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That slides or slips; gliding; moving smoothly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Slippery; elusory.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>sliding</i> science hath me made so
bare.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sliding friction</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>the
resistance one body meets with in sliding along the surface of
another, as distinguished from <i>rolling friction</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sliding gunter</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a topmast
arranged with metallic fittings so as to be hoisted and lowered by
means of halyards.</cd> -- <col><b>Sliding keel</b></col>
<i>(Naut)</i>, <cd>a movable keel, similar to a centeboard.</cd> --
<col><b>Sliding pair</b></col>. <i>(Mech.)</i> <cd>See the Note under
<u>Pair</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 7.</cd> -- <col><b>Sliding
rule</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Slide rule</i>, under <u>Slide</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Sliding scale</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A scale for raising or lowering imposts in
proportion to the fall or rise of prices</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>A variable scale of wages or of prices</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<cd>A slide rule.</cd> -- <col><b>Sliding ways</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the timber guides used in launching a
vessel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sli*dom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Slide</i> +
<i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for indicating and recording shocks
to railway cars occasioned by sudden stopping.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slight</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sleight.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slight</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>slechten</i> to
level, to demolish.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To overthrow; to
demolish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make even or level.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hexham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To throw heedlessly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The rogue <i>slighted</i> me into the
river.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slight</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Slighter</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Slightest</u>.] [OE. <i>sli&?;t</i>,
<i>sleght</i>, probably from OD. <i>slicht</i>, <i>slecht</i>, simple,
plain, D. <i>slecht</i>; akin to OFries. <i>sliucht</i>, G.
<i>schlecht</i>, <i>schlicht</i>, OHG. <i>sleht</i> smooth, simple,
Icel. <i>sl&?;ttr</i> smooth, Sw. <i>sl&auml;t</i>, Goth.
<i>sla&iacute;hts</i>; or uncertain origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not decidedly marked; not forcible; inconsiderable; unimportant;
insignificant; not severe; weak; gentle; -- applied in a great variety
of circumstances; as, a <i>slight</i> (<i>i. e.</i>, feeble) effort; a
<i>slight</i> (<i>i. e.</i>, perishable) structure; a <i>slight</i>
(<i>i. e.</i>, not deep) impression; a <i>slight</i> (<i>i. e.</i>,
not convincing) argument; a <i>slight</i> (<i>i. e.</i>, not thorough)
examination; <i>slight</i> (<i>i. e.</i>, not severe) pain, and the
like.</def> "At one <i>slight</i> bound."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Slight</i> is the subject, but not so the
praise.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some firmly embrace doctrines upon <i>slight</i>
grounds.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not stout or heavy; slender.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His own figure, which was formerly so
<i>slight</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Foolish; silly; weak in intellect.</def>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slight</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slighted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slighting</u>.] <def>To disregard, as of little value and unworthy
of notice; to make light of; as, to <i>slight</i> the divine
commands.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The wretch who <i>slights</i> the bounty of the
skies.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To slight off</b></col>, to treat slightingly; to drive
off; to remove. [R.] -- <col><b>To slight over</b></col>, <cd>to run
over in haste; to perform superficially; to treat carelessly; as,
<i>to slight over</i> a theme.</cd>  "They will but <i>slight</i> it
over."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To neglect; disregard; disdain; scorn.  --
<u>Slight</u>, <u>Neglect</u>. To <i>slight</i> is stronger than to
<i>neglect</i>. We may neglect a duty or person from
inconsiderateness, or from being over-occupied in other concerns. To
<i>slight</i> is always a positive and intentional act, resulting from
feelings of dislike or contempt. We ought to put a kind construction
on what appears <i>neglect</i> on the part of a friend; but when he
<i>slights</i> us, it is obvious that he is our friend no longer.</p>

<p><blockquote>Beware . . . lest the like befall . . . <BR>
If they transgress and <i>slight</i> that sole command.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This my long-sufferance, and my day of grace,<BR>
Those who <i>neglect</i> and scorn shall never taste.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slight</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of slighting;
the manifestation of a moderate degree of contempt, as by neglect or
oversight; neglect; indignity.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Neglect; disregard; inattention; contempt; disdain;
scorn; disgrace; indignity; disparagement.</p>

<p><hw>Slight</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Slightly.</def> [Obs.
or Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Think not so <i>slight</i> of glory.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slight"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
slight.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slight"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
slights.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slight"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sleightful</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Slight"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characterized by
neglect or disregard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slight"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a slighting
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slight"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a slight manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Slightingly; negligently.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slight"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being slight; slenderness; feebleness; superficiality; also,
formerly, negligence; indifference; disregard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slight"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slight.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Echard.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slik</hw> (sl&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Such</u>.] <def>Such.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]</p>

<p>&fist; Used by Chaucer as of the Northern dialect.</p>

<p><hw>Slik"en*sides`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Slickensides</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sli"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Slyly</u>.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slim</hw> (sl&ibreve;m), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Slimmer</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Slimmest</u>.] [Formerly, bad, worthless,
weak, slight, awry, fr. D. <i>slim</i>; akin to G. <i>schlimm</i>,
MHG. <i>slimp</i> oblique, awry; of uncertain origin. The meaning of
the English word seems to have been influenced by <i>slender</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Worthless; bad.</def> [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Weak; slight; unsubstantial; poor; as, a
<i>slim</i> argument.</def> "That was a <i>slim</i> excuse."
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of small diameter or thickness in
proportion to the height or length; slender; as, a <i>slim</i> person;
a <i>slim</i> tree.</def>  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slime</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>slim</i>, AS.
<i>sl&imacr;m</i>; akin to D. <i>slijm</i>, G. <i>schleim</i>, MHG.
<i>sl&imacr;men</i> to make smooth, Icel. <i>sl&imacr;m</i> slime,
Dan. <i>sliim</i>; cf. L. <i>limare</i> to file, polish, <i>levis</i>
smooth, Gr. &?;&?;&?;; or cf. L. <i>limus</i> mud.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Soft, moist earth or clay, having an adhesive quality; viscous
mud.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As it [Nilus] ebbs, the seedsman<BR>
Upon the <i>slime</i> and ooze scatters his grain.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any mucilaginous substance; any substance
of a dirty nature, that is moist, soft, and adhesive.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Script.)</i> <def>Bitumen.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Slime</i> had they for mortar.</blockquote> <i>Gen.
xi. 3.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1355 !></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Mud containing
metallic ore, obtained in the preparatory dressing.</def>
<i>Pryce.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A mucuslike substance
which exudes from the bodies of certain animals.</def>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Slime eel</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See 1st
<u>Hag</u>, 4.</cd> -- <col><b>Slime pit</b></col>, <cd>a pit for the
collection of slime or bitumen.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slime</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slimed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sliming</u>.] <def>To smear with slime.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slim"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a slimy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slim"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being slimy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slim"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a state of
slimness; in a slim manner; slenderly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slim"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being slim.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slim"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Flimsy;
frail.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Slim"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Slimier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Slimiest</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
slime; resembling slime; of the nature of slime; viscous; glutinous;
also, covered or daubed with slime; yielding, or abounding in,
slime.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Slimy</i> things did crawl with legs<BR>
Upon the <i>slimy</i> sea.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sli"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Slyness</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>slinge</i>; akin
to OD. <i>slinge</i>, D. <i>slinger</i>, OHG. <i>slinga</i>; cf. OF.
<i>eslingue</i>, of German origin. See <u>Sling</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for throwing
stones or other missiles, consisting of a short strap with two strings
fastened to its ends, or with a string fastened to one end and a light
stick to the other. The missile being lodged in a hole in the strap,
the ends of the string are taken in the hand, and the whole whirled
rapidly round until, by loosing one end, the missile is let fly with
centrifugal force.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or motion of hurling as with a
sling; a throw; figuratively, a stroke.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>slings</i> and arrows of outrageous
fortune.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At one <i>sling</i><BR>
Of thy victorius arm, well-pleasing Son.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A contrivance for sustaining anything by
suspension</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A kind of hanging
bandage put around the neck, in which a wounded arm or hand is
supported.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A loop of rope, or a rope or
chain with hooks, for suspending a barrel, bale, or other heavy
object, in hoisting or lowering.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A
strap attached to a firearm, for suspending it from the
shoulder.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A band of rope
or iron for securing a yard to a mast; -- chiefly in the
plural.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sling cart</b></col>, <cd>a kind of cart used to transport
cannon and their carriages, large stones, machines, etc., the objects
transported being slung, or suspended by a chain attached to the
axletree.</cd> -- <col><b>Sling dog</b></col>, <cd>one of a pair of
iron hooks used as part of a sling. See def. 3 <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
above.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sling</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Slung</u> (?), Archaic <u>Slang</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Slung</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Slinging</u>.] [AS.
<i>slingan</i>; akin to D. <i>slingeren</i>, G. <i>schlingen</i>, to
wind, to twist, to creep, OHG. <i>slingan</i> to wind, to twist, to
move to and fro, Icel. <i>slyngva</i>, <i>sl&ouml;ngva</i>, to sling,
Sw. <i>slunga</i>, Dan. <i>slynge</i>, Lith. <i>slinkti</i> to creep.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To throw with a sling.</def> "Every one could
<i>sling</i> stones at an hairbreadth, and not miss."  <i>Judg. xx.
16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To throw; to hurl; to cast.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To hang so as to swing; as, to <i>sling</i>
a pack.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut)</i> <def>To pass a rope round, as a
cask, gun, etc., preparatory to attaching a hoisting or lowering
tackle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>schlingen</i> to
swallow.] <def>A drink composed of spirit (usually gin) and water
sweetened.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Sling"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who slings, or
uses a sling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slink</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Slunk</u> (?), Archaic <u>Slank</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Slunk</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Slinking</u>.] [AS.
<i>slincan</i>; probably akin to G. <i>schleichen</i>, E.
<i>sleek</i>. See <u>Sleek</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To creep away meanly; to steal away; to
sneak.</def> "To <i>slink</i> away and hide."  <i>Tale of
Beryn.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Back to the thicket <i>slunk</i><BR>
The guilty serpent.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There were some few who <i>slank</i> obliquely from
them as they passed.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To miscarry; -- said of female
beasts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slink</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cast prematurely; -
- said of female beasts; as, a cow that <i>slinks</i> her
calf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slink</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Produced prematurely; as, a <i>slink</i> calf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Thin; lean.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Slink</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
young of a beast brought forth prematurely, esp. a calf brought forth
before its time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thievish fellow; a sneak.</def> [Prov.
Eng. & Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Slink"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Thin; lank.</def>
[Prov. Eng. & U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Slip</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slipped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slipping</u>.] [OE. <i>slippen</i>; akin to LG. & D.
<i>slippen</i>, MHG. <i>slipfen</i> (cf. Dan. <i>slippe</i>, Sw.
<i>slippa</i>, Icel. <i>sleppa</i>), and fr. OE. <i>slipen</i>, AS.
<i>sl&imacr;pan</i> (in comp.), akin to G. <i>schleifen</i> to slide,
glide, drag, whet, OHG. <i>sl&imacr;fan</i> to slide, glide, make
smooth, Icel. <i>sl&imacr;pa</i> to whet; cf. also AS.
<i>sl&?;pan</i>, Goth. <i>sliupan</i>, OS. <i>slopian</i>, OHG.
<i>sliofan</i>, G. <i>schliefen</i>, <i>schl&?;pfen</i>, which seem to
come from a somewhat different root form.  Cf. <u>Slope</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move along the
surface of a thing without bounding, rolling, or stepping; to slide;
to glide.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To slide; to lose one's footing or one's
hold; not to tread firmly; as, it is necessary to walk carefully lest
the foot should <i>slip</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To move or fly (out of place); to shoot; --
often with <i>out</i>, <i>off</i>, etc.; as, a bone may <i>slip</i>
out of its place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To depart, withdraw, enter, appear,
intrude, or escape as if by sliding; to go or come in a quiet, furtive
manner; as, some errors <i>slipped</i> into the work.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus one tradesman <i>slips</i> away,<BR>
To give his partner fairer play.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thrice the flitting shadow <i>slipped</i>
away.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To err; to fall into error or
fault.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is one that <i>slippeth</i> in his speech, but
not from his heart.</blockquote> <i>Ecclus. xix. 16.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To let slip</b></col>, <cd>to loose from the slip or noose,
as a hound; to allow to escape.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Cry, "Havoc," and <i>let slip</i> the dogs of
war.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slip</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cause to move smoothly and quickly; to slide; to convey gently
or secretly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He tried to <i>slip</i> a powder into her
drink.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To omit; to loose by negligence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>slip</i> no advantage<BR>
That my secure you.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cut slips from; to cut; to take off; to
make a slip or slips of; as, to <i>slip</i> a piece of cloth or
paper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The branches also may be <i>slipped</i> and
planted.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To let loose in pursuit of game, as a
greyhound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lucento <i>slipped</i> me like his
greyhound.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To cause to slip or slide off, or out of
place; as, a horse <i>slips</i> his bridle; a dog <i>slips</i> his
collar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To bring forth (young) prematurely; to
slink.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To slip a cable</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Cable</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To slip off</b></col>, <cd>to take off
quickly; as, <i>to slip off</i> a coat.</cd> -- <col><b>To slip
on</b></col>, <cd>to put on in haste or loosely; as, <i>to slip on</i>
a gown or coat.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slip</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>slipe</i>,
<i>slip</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of slipping; as, a
<i>slip</i> on the ice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An unintentional error or fault; a false
step.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This good man's <i>slip</i> mended his pace to
martyrdom.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A twig separated from the main stock; a
cutting; a scion; hence, a descendant; as, a <i>slip</i> from a
vine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A native <i>slip</i> to us from foreign
seeds.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The girlish <i>slip</i> of a Sicilian
bride.</blockquote> <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A slender piece; a strip; as, a <i>slip</i>
of paper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Moonlit <i>slips</i> of silver cloud.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A thin <i>slip</i> of a girl, like a new moon<BR>
Sure to be rounded into beauty soon.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A leash or string by which a dog is held; -
- so called from its being made in such a manner as to slip, or become
loose, by relaxation of the hand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We stalked over the extensive plains with Killbuck and
Lena in the <i>slips</i>, in search of deer.</blockquote> <i>Sir S.
Baker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An escape; a secret or unexpected
desertion; as, to give one the <i>slip</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A portion of the columns of
a newspaper or other work struck off by itself; a proof from a column
of type when set up and in the galley.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Any covering easily slipped on.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A loose garment worn by a
woman.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A child's pinafore.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An outside covering or case; as, a pillow
<i>slip</i>.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The <i>slip</i> or sheath
of a sword, and the like.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A counterfeit piece of money, being brass
covered with silver.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Matter found in troughs of grindstones
after the grinding of edge tools.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Sir W.
Petty.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Potter's clay in a very liquid state, used
for the decoration of ceramic ware, and also as a cement for handles
and other applied parts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>A particular quantity of yarn.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>An inclined plane on which a vessel is
built, or upon which it is hauled for repair.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>An opening or space for vessels to lie in,
between wharves or in a dock; as, Peck <i>slip</i>.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <def>A narrow passage between buildings.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <def>A long seat or narrow pew in churches,
often without a door.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>17.</b></sn> <i>(Mining.)</i> <def>A dislocation of a lead,
destroying continuity.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>18.</b></sn> <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>The motion of the center
of resistance of the float of a paddle wheel, or the blade of an oar,
through the water horozontally, or the difference between a vessel's
actual speed and the speed which she would have if the propelling
instrument acted upon a solid; also, the velocity, relatively to still
water, of the backward current of water produced by the
propeller.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>19.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fish, the
sole.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>20.</b></sn> <i>(Cricket)</i> <def>A fielder stationed on
the off side and to the rear of the batsman. There are usually two of
them, called respectively <i>short slip</i>, and <i>long
slip</i>.</def></p>

<p>
</p>

<p><col><b>To give one the slip</b></col>, <cd>to slip away from one;
to elude one.</cd> -- <col><b>Slip dock</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Dock</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Slip link</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a
connecting link so arranged as to allow some play of the parts, to
avoid concussion.</cd> -- <col><b>Slip rope</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>a rope by which a cable is secured preparatory to slipping.</cd>
<i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>Slip stopper</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>an arrangement for letting go the anchor suddenly.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slip"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A board sliding
in grooves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slip"coat` cheese"</hw> (?). <def>A rich variety of new cheese,
resembling butter, but white.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slipes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Slip</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>Sledge runners on which a skip is dragged
in a mine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slip"knot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>knot which slips
along the rope or line around which it is made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slip"-on`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
overcoat worn upon the shoulders in the manner of a cloak.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Slip"page</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
slipping; also, the amount of slipping.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slip"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, slips.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of light shoe, which may be slipped
on with ease, and worn in undress; a slipshoe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kind of apron or pinafore for
children.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A kind of brake or shoe for a wagon
wheel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A piece, usually a plate,
applied to a sliding piece, to receive wear and afford a means of
adjustment; -- also called <i>shoe</i>, and <i>gib</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Slipper animalcule</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
ciliated infusorian of the genus <i>Paramecium</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Slipper flower</b></col>.<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>Slipperwort.</cd> -
- <col><b>Slipper limpet</b></col>, or <col><b>Slipper shell</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a boat shell.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slip"per</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>slipur</i>.]
<def>Slippery.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>O! trustless state of earthly things, and
<i>slipper</i> hope<BR>
Of mortal men.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slip"pered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wearing
slippers.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slip"per*i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
slippery manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slip"per*i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being slippery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slip"per*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Slipperiness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Slip"per*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Calceolaria</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slip"per*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Slipper</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the quality
opposite to adhesiveness; allowing or causing anything to slip or move
smoothly, rapidly, and easily upon the surface; smooth; glib; as, oily
substances render things <i>slippery</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not affording firm ground for confidence;
as, a <i>slippery</i> promise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>slippery</i> tops of human state.</blockquote>
<i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not easily held; liable or apt to slip
away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>slippery</i> god will try to loose his
hold.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Liable to slip; not standing firm.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Unstable; changeable; mutable; uncertain;
inconstant; fickle.</def> "The <i>slippery</i> state of kings."
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Uncertain in effect.</def>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Wanton; unchaste; loose in morals.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Slippery elm</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>An American tree (<i>Ulmus fulva</i>) with a mucilagenous and
slightly aromatic inner bark which is sometimes used medicinally;
also, the inner bark itself</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A malvaceous
shrub (<i>Fremontia Californica</i>); -- so called on the Pacific
coast.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slip"pi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Slipperiness.</def> [R.] "The <i>slippiness</i> of the way."
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slip"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>slipeg</i>.]
<def>Slippery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slip"shod`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Wearing shoes or slippers down at the heel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The shivering urchin bending as he goes,<BR>
With <i>slipshod</i> heels.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively: Careless in dress, manners,
style, etc.; slovenly; shuffling; as, <i>slipshod</i> manners; a
<i>slipshod</i> or loose style of writing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy wit shall ne'er go <i>slipshod</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slip"shoe`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A slipper.</def>
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slip"skin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Evasive.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slip"slop`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A reduplication of
<i>slop</i>.] <def>Weak, poor, or flat liquor; weak, profitless
discourse or writing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slip"string`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who has
shaken off restraint; a prodigal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slip"thrift`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
spendthrift.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Slish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of
<i>slash</i>.] <def>A cut; as, <i>slish</i> and slash.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slit</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>3d. pers. sing.
pres.</i></pos> of <u>Slide</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slit</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slit</u> or <u>Slitted</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Slitting</u>.] [OE. <i>slitten</i>, fr. <i>sliten</i>,
AS. <i>st&imacr;tan</i> to tear; akin to D. <i>slijten</i> to wear
out, G. <i>schleissen</i> to slit, split, OHG. <i>sl&imacr;zan</i> to
split, tear, wear out, Icel. <i>st&imacr;ta</i> to break, tear, wear
out, Sw. <i>slita</i>, Dan. <i>slide</i>.  Cf. <u>Eclat</u>,
<u>Slate</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Slice</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cut lengthwise; to cut into long pieces or strips; as, to
<i>slit</i> iron bars into nail rods; to <i>slit</i> leather into
straps.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cut or make a long fissure in or upon;
as, to <i>slit</i> the ear or the nose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cut; to sever; to divide.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>slits</i> the thin-spun life.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slit</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>slite</i>.] <def>A long
cut; a narrow opening; as, a <i>slit</i> in the ear.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gill slit</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>See <i>Gill
opening</i>, under <u>Gill</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slith"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>schlittern</i>, LG. <i>schliddern</i>. See <u>Slide</u>.] <def>To
slide; to glide.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Slit"-shell"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of <i>Pleurotomaria</i>, a genus of beautiful,
pearly, spiral gastropod shells having a deep slit in the outer lip.
Many fossil species are known, and a few living ones are found in deep
water in tropical seas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slit"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, slits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slit"ting</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Slit</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Slitting file</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Illust.</i>
<sd><i>(i)</i></sd> of <u>File</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Slitting
mill</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A mill where iron bars or
plates are slit into narrow strips, as nail rods, and the like</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A machine used by lapidaries for slicing
stones, usually by means of a revolving disk, called a <i>slicer</i>,
supplied with diamond powder.</cd> -- <col><b>Slitting
roller</b></col>, <cd>one of a pair of rollers furnished with ribs
entering between similar ribs in the other roller, and cutting like
shears, -- used in slitting metals.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slive</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Slip</u>.]
<def>To sneak.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Slive</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sliven</i> to
split, cleave, AS. <i>sl&imacr;fan</i>.] <def>To cut; to split; to
separate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sliv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slivered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slivering</u>.] [See <u>Slive</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To
cut or divide into long, thin pieces, or into very small pieces; to
cut or rend lengthwise; to slit; as, to <i>sliver</i> wood.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They 'll <i>sliver</i> thee like a turnip.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sliv"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
long piece cut ot rent off; a sharp, slender fragment; a
splinter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A strand, or slender roll, of cotton or
other fiber in a loose, untwisted state, produced by a carding machine
and ready for the roving or slubbing which preceeds
spinning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Bait made of pieces of small
fish.  Cf. <u>Kibblings</u>.</def> [Local, U.S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sloak"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
species of seaweed. [Spelled also <i>slowcawn</i>.] See 3d
<u>Laver</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sloam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A
layer of earth between coal seams.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sloat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Slot</u> a bar.]
<def>A narrow piece of timber which holds together large pieces; a
slat; as, the <i>sloats</i> of a cart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slob"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Slabber</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slob"ber</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>See
<u>Slabber</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A jellyfish.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Vet.)</i>
<def>Salivation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slob"ber*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who slobbers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A slovenly farmer; a jobbing tailor.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Slob"ber*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wet; sloppy, as
land.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Slock</hw> (?), <hw>Slock"en</hw> (?), } <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To quench; to allay; to slake. See
<u>Slake</u>.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Slock"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Slock</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Slocking stone</b></col>, <cd>a rich piece of ore displayed
in order to tempt persons to embark in a mining enterprise.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sloe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>slo</i>, AS.
<i>sl&amacr;</i>; akin to D. <i>slee</i>, G. <i>schlehe</i>, OHG.
<i>sl</i>$<i>ha</i>, Dan. <i>slaaen</i>, Sw. <i>sl&?;n</i>, perhaps
originally, that which blunts the teeth, or sets them on edge (cf.
<u>Slow</u>); cf. Lith. <i>sliwa</i> a plum, Russ. <i>sliva</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small, bitter, wild European plum, the fruit of
the blackthorn (<i>Prunus spinosa</i>); also, the tree
itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slo"gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael. <i>sluagh-
ghairm</i>, i.e., an army cry; <i>sluagh</i> army + <i>gairm</i> a
call, calling.] <def>The war cry, or gathering word, of a Highland
clan in Scotland; hence, any rallying cry.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1356 !></p>

<p><hw>Slog"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sluggish.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Somnolence that is <i>sloggy</i>
slumbering</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sloke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Sloakan</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sloo</hw> (?), or <hw>Slue</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A slough; a run or wet place. See 2d <u>Slough</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sloom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Slumber.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sloom"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sluggish;
slow.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sloop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[D. <i>sloep</i>, of
uncertain origin.  Cf. <u>Shallop</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A vessel
having one mast and fore-and-aft rig, consisting of a boom-and-gaff
mainsail, jibs, staysail, and gaff topsail. The typical sloop has a
fixed bowsprit, topmast, and standing rigging, while those of a cutter
are capable of being readily shifted. The sloop usually carries a
centerboard, and depends for stability upon breadth of beam rather
than depth of keel. The two types have rapidly approximated since
1880. One radical distinction is that a slop may carry a centerboard.
See <u>Cutter</u>, and <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sloop of war</b></col>, <cd>formerly, a vessel of war
rigged either as a ship, brig, or schooner, and mounting from ten to
thirty-two guns; now, any war vessel larger than a gunboat, and
carrying guns on one deck only.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sloppe</i> a pool;
akin to As. <i>sloppe</i>, <i>slyppe</i>, the sloppy droppings of a
cow; cf. AS. <i>sl&?;pan</i> to slip, and E. <i>slip</i>, v.i.  Cf.
<u>Cowslip</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Water or other liquid
carelessly spilled or thrown aboyt, as upon a table or a floor; a
puddle; a soiled spot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mean and weak drink or liquid food; --
usually in the plural.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Dirty water; water in which
anything has been washed or rinsed; water from wash-bowls,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Slop basin</b></col>, or <col><b>Slop bowl</b></col>, <cd>a
basin or bowl for holding slops, especially for receiving the rinsings
of tea or coffee cups at the table.</cd> -- <col><b>Slop
molding</b></col> <i>(Brickmaking)</i>, <cd>a process of manufacture
in which the brick is carried to the drying ground in a wet mold
instead of on a pallet.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slop</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slopped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slopping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to overflow, as a
liquid, by the motion of the vessel containing it; to spill.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To spill liquid upon; to soil with a liquid
spilled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slop</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To overflow or be
spilled as a liquid, by the motion of the vessel containing it; --
often with <i>over</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>slop</i> a frock or
over-garment, fr. <i>sl&?;pan</i> to slip, to slide; akin to Icel
<i>sloppr</i> a thin garment; cf. OHG. <i>slouf</i> a garment.  Cf.
<u>Slip</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any kind
of outer garment made of linen or cotton, as a night dress, or a smock
frock.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A loose lower garment; loose breeches;
chiefly used in the plural.</def> "A pair of <i>slops</i>."  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There's a French salutation to your French
<i>slop</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Ready-made clothes; also, among
seamen, clothing, bedding, and other furnishings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formed (like <i>abode</i>
fr. <i>abide</i>) from OE. <i>slipen</i>. See <u>Slip</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An oblique direction; a line or
direction including from a horizontal line or direction; also,
sometimes, an inclination, as of one line or surface to
another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any ground whose surface forms an angle
with the plane of the horizon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> buildings the summit and <i>slope</i> of a
hill.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Under the <i>slopes</i> of Pisgah.</blockquote>
<i>Deut. iv. 49. (Rev. Ver.).</i></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>slope</i>, considered as <i>descending</i>, is a
<i>declivity</i>; considered as <i>ascending</i>, an
<i>acclivity</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Slope of a plane</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the
direction of the plane; as, parallel planes have the same
<i>slope</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slope</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sloping.</def> "Down the
<i>slope</i> hills."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A bank not steep, but gently <i>slope</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slope</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sloping
manner.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slope</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sloped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sloping</u>.] <def>To form with a slope; to give an oblique or
slanting direction to; to direct obliquely; to incline; to slant; as,
to <i>slope</i> the ground in a garden; to <i>slope</i> a piece of
cloth in cutting a garment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slope</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
take an oblique direction; to be at an angle with the plane of the
horizon; to incline; as, the ground <i>slopes</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To depart; to disappear suddenly.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Slope"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being
slope.</def>  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slope"wise`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Obliquely.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slop"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclining or inclined
from the plane of the horizon, or from a horizontal or other right
line; oblique; declivous; slanting.</def> -- <wf>Slop"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sloping</i> land recedes into the
clouds.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slop"pi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sloppy; muddiness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slop"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sloppier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sloppiest</u>.] [From <u>Slop</u>.]
<def>Wet, so as to spatter easily; wet, as with something slopped
over; muddy; plashy; as, a <i>sloppy</i> place, walk, road.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slop"sell`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who sells
slops, or ready-made clothes. See 4th <u>Slop</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slop"shop`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shop where
slops. or ready-made clothes, are sold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slop"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The manufacture
of slops, or cheap ready-made clothing; also, such clothing; hence,
hasty, slovenly work of any kind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No <i>slopwork</i> ever dropped from his [Carlyle's]
pen.</blockquote> <i>Froude.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slop"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sloping;
inclined.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Slosh</hw> (?), <hw>Slosh"y</hw> (?) }. <def>See
<u>Slush</u>, <u>Slushy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LG. & D. <i>slot</i> a
lock, from a verb meaning to close., to shut, D. <i>sluiten</i>; akin
to G. <i>schliessen</i>, OHG. <i>sliozan</i>, OFries. <i>sl&?;ta</i>,
and probably to L. <i>claudere</i>.  Cf. <u>Close</u>, <u>Sluice</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A broad, flat, wooden bar; a slat or
sloat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bolt or bar for fastening a door.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A narrow depression, perforation, or
aperture; esp., one for the reception of a piece fitting or sliding in
it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slot</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Slot</u> a bar.]
<def>To shut with violence; to slam; as, to <i>slot</i> a door.</def>
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Slot</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>sl&?;&?;</i>, and
E. <i>sleuth</i>.] <def>The track of a deer; hence, a track of any
kind.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As a bloodhound follows the <i>slot</i> of a hurt
deer.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sloth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>slouthe</i>,
<i>sleuthe</i>, AS. <i>sl&?;w&?;</i>, fr. <i>sl&amacr;w</i> slow. See
<u>Slow</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Slowness; tardiness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These cardinals trifle with me; I abhor<BR>
This dilatory <i>sloth</i> and tricks of Rome.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disinclination to action or labor;
sluggishness; laziness; idleness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] change their course to pleasure, ease, and
<i>sloth</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sloth</i>, like rust, consumes faster than labor
wears.</blockquote> <i>Franklin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
species of arboreal edentates constituting the family
<i>Bradypodid&aelig;</i>, and the suborder Tardigrada. They have long
exserted limbs and long prehensile claws.  Both jaws are furnished
with teeth (see <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Edentata</u>), and the ears and
tail are rudimentary. They inhabit South and Central America and
Mexico.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The three-toed sloths belong to the genera <i>Bradypus</i>
and <i>Arctopithecus</i>, of which several species have been
described. They have three toes on each foot. The best-known species
are collared sloth (<i>Bradypus tridactylus</i>), and the ai
(<i>Arctopitheus ai</i>). The two-toed sloths, consisting the genus
<i>Cholopus</i>, have two toes on each fore foot and three on each
hind foot. The best-known is the unau (<i>Cholopus didactylus</i>) of
South America. See <u>Unau</u>. Another species (<i>C. Hoffmanni</i>)
inhabits Central America.
   Various large extinct terrestrial edentates, such as Megatherium
and Mylodon, are often called <i>sloths</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Australian, or Native</b></col> <col><b>sloth</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the koala.</cd> -- <col><b>Sloth
animalcule</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a tardigrade.</cd> --
<col><b>Sloth bear</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a black or brown
long-haired bear (<i>Melursus ursinus, or labiatus</i>), native of
India and Ceylon; -- called also <i>aswail</i>, <i>labiated bear</i>,
and <i>jungle bear</i>.  It is easily tamed and can be taught many
tricks.</cd> -- <col><b>Sloth monkey</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a loris.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sloth</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be idle.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sloth"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Addicted to
sloth; inactive; sluggish; lazy; indolent; idle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He also that is <i>slothful</i> in his work is brother
to him that is a great waster.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xviii. 9.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sloth"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sloth"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sloth"hound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Slot</u> a
track, and cf. <u>Sleuthhound</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Sleuthhound</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slot"ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
slot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slot"ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
process of making slots, or mortises.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slouch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>sl&?;kr</i>a slouching felloew, and E. <i>slack</i>, <i>slug</i>, a
lazy fellow.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hanging down of the head; a
drooping attitude; a limp appearance; an ungainly, clownish gait; a
sidewise depression or hanging down, as of a hat brim.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An awkward, heavy, clownish fellow.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Slouth hat</b></col>, <cd>a soft, limp hat of unstiffened
cloth or felt.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slouch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slouched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slouching</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To droop, as the
head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To walk in a clumsy, lazy manner.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Slouch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to hang
down; to depress at the side; as, to <i>slouth</i> the hat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slouch"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hanging down at the
side; limp; drooping; without firmness or shapeliness; moving in an
ungainly manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slouch"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slouching.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Slough</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slow.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slough</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>slogh</i>,
<i>slough</i>, AS. <i>sl&omacr;h</i> a hollow place; cf. MHG.
<i>sl&umacr;ch</i> an abyss, gullet, G. <i>schlucken</i> to swallow;
also Gael. & Ir. <i>sloc</i> a pit, pool. ditch, Ir. <i>slug</i> to
swallow. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?; to hiccough, to sob.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A place of deep mud or mire; a hole full of mire.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He's here stuck in a <i>slough</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [<i>Pronounced</i> sl&oomac;.] <def>A wet place;
a swale; a side channel or inlet from a river.</def> [In this sense
local or provincial; also spelt <i>sloo</i>, and <i>slue</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Slough grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name in the
Mississippi valley for grasses of the genus <i>Muhlenbergia</i>; --
called also <i>drop seed</i>, and <i>nimble Will</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slough</hw>, obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Slee</u>,
to slay. Slew.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slough</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>slugh</i>,
<i>slouh</i>; cf. MHG. <i>sl&?;ch</i> the skin of a serpent, G.
<i>schlauch</i> a skin, a leather bag or bottle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The skin, commonly the cast-off skin, of a serpent or of some
similar animal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The dead mass separating from
a foul sore; the dead part which separates from the living tissue in
mortification.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slough</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sloughed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sloughing</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To form a slough; to separate in
the form of dead matter from the living tissues; -- often used with
<i>off</i>, or <i>away</i>; as, a <i>sloughing</i> ulcer; the dead
tissues <i>slough</i> off slowly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slough</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cast off; to
discard as refuse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>New tint the plumage of the birds,<BR>
And <i>slough</i> decay from grazing herds.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slough"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The act of casting off the skin or shell, as do insects and
crustaceans; ecdysis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slough"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of sloughs,
miry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slough"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling, or of
the nature of, a slough, or the dead matter which separates from
living flesh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slov"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>slaf</i>
careless, negligent, a sloven; akin to LG. <i>sluf</i> slovenly.]
<def>A man or boy habitually negligent of neathess and order; -- the
correlative term to <i>slattern</i>, or <i>slut</i>.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He became a confirmed <i>sloven</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slov"en*li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being slovenly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slov"en*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the habits of a sloven; negligent of neatness and order,
especially in dress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>slovenly</i>, lazy fellow, lolling at his
ease.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characteristic of a sloven; lacking
neatness and order; evincing negligence; as, <i>slovenly</i>
dress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slov"en*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>a slovenly
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slov"en*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Slovenliness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slov"en*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Slovenliness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slow</hw> (sl&omacr;), obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Slee</u>, to slay. <def>Slew.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slow</hw> (sl&omacr;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Slower</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Slowest</u>.] [OE. <i>slow</i>,
<i>slaw</i>, AS. <i>sl&amacr;w</i>; akin to OS. <i>sl&emacr;u</i>
blunt, dull, D. <i>sleeuw</i>, <i>slee</i>, sour, OHG.
<i>sl&emacr;o</i> blunt, dull, Icel. <i>sl&omacr;r</i>,
<i>sl&aelig;r</i>, Dan. <i>sl&ouml;v</i>, Sw. <i>sl&ouml;</i>.  Cf.
<u>Sloe</u>, and <u>Sloth</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Moving a short
space in a relatively long time; not swift; not quick in motion; not
rapid; moderate; deliberate; as, a <i>slow</i> stream; a <i>slow</i>
motion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not happening in a short time; gradual;
late.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These changes in the heavens, though <i>slow</i>,
produced<BR>
Like change on sea and land, sidereal blast.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not ready; not prompt or quick; dilatory;
sluggish; as, <i>slow</i> of speech, and <i>slow</i> of
tongue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fixed on defense, the Trojans are not <i>slow</i><BR>
To guard their shore from an expected foe.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not hasty; not precipitate; acting with
deliberation; tardy; inactive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that is <i>slow</i> to wrath is of great
understanding.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xiv. 29.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Behind in time; indicating a time earlier
than the true time; as, the clock or watch is <i>slow</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Not advancing or improving rapidly; as, the
<i>slow</i> growth of arts and sciences.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Heavy in wit; not alert, prompt, or
spirited; wearisome; dull.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Dickens.
Thackeray.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Slow</i> is often used in the formation of compounds for
the most part self-explaining; as, <i>slow</i>-gaited, <i>slow</i>-
paced, <i>slow</i>-sighted, <i>slow</i>-winged, and the like.</p>

<p><col><b>Slow coach</b></col>, <cd>a slow person. See def.7,
above.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>Slow lemur</b></col>, <i>or</i>
<col><b>Slow loris</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd> an East Indian
nocturnal lemurine animal (<i>Nycticebus tardigradus</i>) about the
size of a small cat; -- so called from its slow and deliberate
movements. It has very large round eyes and is without a tail. Called
also <i>bashful Billy</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Slow match</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Match</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dilatory; late; lingering; tardy; sluggish; dull;
inactive.  -- <u>Slow</u>, <u>Tardy</u>, <u>Dilatory</u>. <i>Slow</i>
is the wider term, denoting either a want of rapid motion or inertness
of intellect. <i>Dilatory</i> signifies a proneness to <i>defer</i>, a
habit of delaying the performance of what we know must be done.
<i>Tardy</i> denotes the habit of being behind hand; as, <i>tardy</i>
in making up one's acounts.</p>

<p><hw>Slow</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Slowly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let him have time to mark how <i>slow</i> time goes<BR>
In time of sorrow.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slow</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slowing</u>.] <def>To render slow; to slacken the speed of; to
retard; to delay; as, to <i>slow</i> a steamer.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slow</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To go slower; -- often
with <i>up</i>; as, the train <i>slowed</i> up before crossing the
bridge.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Slow</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A moth.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slow"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lubber; an
idle fellow; a loiterer.</def> [Old Slang]  <i>Dr. Favour.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slowh</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Slee</u>,to slay.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slow"hound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sleuthhound.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Slow"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a slow manner;
moderately; not rapidly; not early; not rashly; not readly;
tardly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slow"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being slow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slows</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Milk
sickness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slow"-wit`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dull of
apprehension; not possessing quick intelligence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slow"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sl&amacr;wyrm</i>; the first part is probably akin to
<i>sle&aacute;n</i> to strike, the reptile being supposed to be very
poisonous. See <u>Slay</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and <u>Worm</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A lecertilian reptile; the
blindworm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slub</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.] <def>A
roll of wool slightly twisted; a rove; -- called also
<i>slubbing</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slub</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slubbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slubbing</u>.] <def>To draw out and twist slightly; -- said of
slivers of wool.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slub"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slubbered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slubbering</u>.] [Cf. Dan. <i>slubbre</i>to swallow, to sup up, D.
<i>slobberen</i> to lap, to slabber.  Cf. <u>Slabber</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To do lazily, imperfectly, or
coarsely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Slubber</i> not business for my sake.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To daub; to stain; to cover
carelessly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no art that hath more . . . <i>slubbered</i>
with aphorisming pedantry than the art of policy.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slub"ber</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A slubbing
machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slub"ber*de*gul`lion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Slubber</i> + Prov. E. <i>gullion</i> a wretch.] <def>A mean,
dirty wretch.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><hw>Slub"ber*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
slovenly, or hurried and imperfect, manner.</def> [Low]
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slub"bing</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Slub</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Slubbing billy</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Slubbing
machine</b></col>, <cd>the machine by which slubs are formed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sludge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. <u>Slush</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Mud; mire; soft mud; slush.</def>
<i>Mortimer. Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Small floating pieces of ice, or masses of
saturated snow.</def>  <i>Kane.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>See <u>Slime</u>,
4.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sludge hole</b></col>, <cd>the hand-hole, or manhole, in a
steam boiler, by means of which sediment can be removed.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1357 !></p>

<p><hw>Slud"ger</hw> (sl&ubreve;j"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A bucket for removing mud from a bored hole; a sand
pump.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slud"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Miry;
slushy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slue</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slued</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sluing</u> (&?;).] [Prov. E. <i>slew</i> to turn round, Scot. to
lean or incline to a side; cf. Icel. <i>sn&?;a</i> to turn, bend.]
[Written also <i>slew</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To
turn about a fixed point, usually the center or axis, as a spar or
piece of timber; to turn; -- used also of any heavy body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In general, to turn about; to twist; --
often used reflexively and followed by <i>round</i>.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They laughed, and <i>slued</i> themselves
round.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slue</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To turn about; to turn
from the course; to slip or slide and turn from an expected or desired
course; -- often followed by <i>round</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slue</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Sloough</u>,
2.</def> [Local]</p>

<p><hw>Slug</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>slugge</i>
slothful, <i>sluggen</i> to be slothful; cf. LG. <i>slukk</i> low-
spirited, sad, E. <i>slack</i>, <i>slouch</i>, D. <i>slak</i>,
<i>slek</i>, a snail.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A drone; a slow, lazy
fellow; a sluggard.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hindrance; an obstruction.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of terrestrial pulmonate mollusks belonging to Limax and
several related genera, in which the shell is either small and
concealed in the mantle, or altogether wanting. They are closely
allied to the land snails.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any smooth, soft larva
of a sawfly or moth which creeps like a mollusk; as, the pear
<i>slug</i>; rose <i>slug</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A ship that sails slowly.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His rendezvous for his fleet, and for all <i>slugs</i>
to come to, should be between Calais and Dover.</blockquote>
<i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> [Perhaps a different word.] <def>An irregularly
shaped piece of metal, used as a missile for a gun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A thick strip of metal less
than type high, and as long as the width of a column or a page, --
used in spacing out pages and to separate display lines,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sea slug</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Any nudibranch mollusk</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
holothurian.</cd> -- <col><b>Slug caterpillar</b></col>. <cd>Same as
<u>Slugworm</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slug</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To move slowly; to lie
idle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>slug</i> in sloth and sensual
delight.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slug</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make sluggish.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slug</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slugged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slugging</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To load with a slug or
slugs; as, to <i>slug</i> a gun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike heavily.</def> [Cant or
Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Slug</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become reduced in
diameter, or changed in shape, by passing from a larger to a smaller
part of the bore of the barrel; -- said of a bullet when fired from a
gun, pistol, or other firearm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slug"a*bed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
indulges in lying abed; a sluggard.</def> [R.] "Fie, you
<i>slugabed</i>!"  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slug"gard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Slug</i> + <i>-
ard</i>.] <def>A person habitually lazy, idle, and inactive; a
drone.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Go to the ant, thou <i>sluggard</i>; consider her ways,
and be wise.</blockquote> <i>Prov. vi. 6.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slug"gard</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sluggish; lazy.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slug"gard*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
lazy.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slug"gard*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>sloggardye</i>.] <def>The state of being a sluggard; sluggishness;
sloth.</def>  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Idleness is rotten <i>sluggardy</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slug"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who strikes
heavy blows; hence, a boxer; a prize fighter.</def> [Cant or
Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Slug"gish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive; as, a
<i>sluggish</i> man.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Slow; having little motion; as, a
<i>sluggish</i> stream.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having no power to move one's self or
itself; inert.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Matter, being impotent, <i>sluggish</i>, and inactive,
hath no power to stir or move itself.</blockquote>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And the <i>sluggish</i> land slumbers in utter
neglect.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Characteristic of a sluggard; dull; stupid;
tame; simple.</def> [R.] "So <i>sluggish</i> a conceit."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inert; idle; lazy; slothful; indolent; dronish;
slow; dull; drowsy; inactive. See <u>Inert</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Slug"gish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Slug"gish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Slug"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sluggish.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slug"-horn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>An erroneous
form of the Scotch word <i>slughorne</i>, or <i>sloggorne</i>, meaning
<i>slogan</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slugs</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i>
<def>Half-roasted ore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slug"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any caterpillar which has the general appearance of a slug, as do
those of certain moths belonging to <i>Limacodes</i> and allied
genera, and those of certain sawflies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sluice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>escluse</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;cluse</i>, LL. <i>exclusa</i>, <i>sclusa</i>, from L.
<i>excludere</i>, <i>exclusum</i>, to shut out: cf. D. <i>sluis</i>
sluice, from the Old French. See <u>Exclude</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An artifical passage for water, fitted with a valve or gate, as
in a mill stream, for stopping or regulating the flow; also, a water
gate or flood gate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, an opening or channel through which
anything flows; a source of supply.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each <i>sluice</i> of affluent fortune opened
soon.</blockquote> <i>Harte.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This home familiarity . . . opens the <i>sluices</i> of
sensibility.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The stream flowing through a flood
gate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A long box or trough
through which water flows, -- used for washing auriferous
earth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sluice gate</b></col>, <cd>the sliding gate of a
sluice.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sluice</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sluiced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sluicing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To emit by, or as by,
flood gates.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wet copiously, as by opening a sluice;
as, to <i>sluice</i> meadows.</def>  <i>Howitt.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He dried his neck and face, which he had been
<i>sluicing</i> with cold water.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To wash with, or in, a stream of water
running through a sluice; as, to <i>sluice</i> eart or gold dust in
mining.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sluice"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An artificial
channel into which water is let by a sluice; specifically, a trough
constructed over the bed of a stream, so that logs, lumber, or rubbish
can be floated down to some convenient place of delivery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slui`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Falling copiously
or in streams, as from a sluice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And oft whole sheets descend of <i>sluicy</i>
rain.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. <u>Slump</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A foul back street of a
city, especially one filled with a poor, dirty, degraded, and often
vicious population; any low neighborhood or dark retreat; -- usually
in the plural; as, Westminster <i>slums</i> are haunts for
theives.</def>  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Slimes</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slum"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slumbered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slumbering</u>.] [OE. <i>slombren</i>, <i>slumberen</i>,
<i>slumeren</i>, AS. <i>slumerian</i>, fr. <i>sluma</i> slumber; akin
to D. <i>sluimeren</i> to slumber, MHG. <i>slummern</i>,
<i>slumen</i>, G. <i>schlummern</i>, Dan. <i>slumre</i>, Sw.
<i>slumra</i>, Goth. <i>slawan</i> to be silent.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To sleep; especially, to sleep lightly; to doze.</def>  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He that keepeth Israel shall neither <i>slumber</i> nor
sleep.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxxi. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be in a state of negligence, sloth,
supineness, or inactivity.</def> "Why <i>slumbers</i> Pope?"
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slum"ber</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To lay to sleep.</def> [R.]  <i>Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stun; to stupefy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slum"ber</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sleep; especially,
light sleep; sleep that is not deep or sound; repose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He at last fell into a <i>slumber</i>, and thence into
a fast sleep, which detained him in that place until it was almost
night.</blockquote> <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fast asleep? It is no matter;<BR>
Enjoy the honey-heavy dew of <i>slumber</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Rest to my soul, and <i>slumber</i> to my
eyes.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slum"ber*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
slumbers; a sleeper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slum"ber*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
slumbering manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slum"ber*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without slumber;
sleepless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slum"ber*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Inviting slumber; soporiferous.</def> "Pensive in the
<i>slumberous</i> shade."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Being in the repose of slumber; sleepy;
drowsy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His quiet and almost <i>slumberous</i>
countenance.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slum"ber*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sleepy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slum"brous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Slumberous.</def>  <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slum"ming</hw>, <pos><i>vb. n.</i></pos> <def>Visiting
slums.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slump</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>slomp</i> a
mass, heap, Dan. <i>slump</i> a quantity, and E. <i>slump</i>, v.t.]
<def>The gross amount; the mass; the lump.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Slump</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Lump</u>; also Sw.
<i>slumpa</i> to bargain for the lump.] <def>To lump; to throw into a
mess.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These different groups . . . are exclusively
<i>slumped</i> together under that sense.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slump</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slumped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slumping</u>.] [Scot. <i>slump</i> a dull noise produced by
something falling into a hole, a marsh, a swamp.] <def>To fall or sink
suddenly through or in, when walking on a surface, as on thawing snow
or ice, partly frozen ground, a bog, etc., not strong enough to bear
the person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The latter walk on a bottomless quag, into which
unawares they may <i>slump</i>.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slump</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
boggy place.</def> [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The noise made by anything falling into a
hole, or into a soft, miry place.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Slump"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Easily broken
through; boggy; marshy; swampy.</def> [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U.S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slung</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Sling</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Slung shot</b></col>, <cd>a metal ball of small size, with
a string attached, used by ruffians for striking.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slunk</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Slink</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slur</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slurred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slurring</u> (?).] [Cf. OE. <i>sloor</i> mud, clay, Icel.
<i>sl&?;ra</i>, <i>slo&?;ra</i>, to trail or drag one's self along, D.
<i>sleuren</i>, <i>sloren</i>, to train, to drag, to do negligently
and slovenly, D. <i>sloor</i>, <i>sloerie</i>, a sluttish girl.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To soil; to sully; to contaminate; to
disgrace.</def>  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To disparage; to traduce.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cover over; to disguise; to conceal; to
pass over lightly or with little notice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With periods, points, and tropes, he <i>slurs</i> his
crimes.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cheat, as by sliding a die; to
trick.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>slur</i> men of what they fought
for.</blockquote> <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To pronounce indistinctly; as, to
<i>slur</i> syllables.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To sing or perform in a
smooth, gliding style; to connect smoothly in performing, as several
notes or tones.</def>  <i>Busby.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>To blur or double, as an
impression from type; to mackle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slur</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mark
or stain; hence, a slight reproach or disgrace; a stigma; a
reproachful intimation; an innuendo.</def> "Gaining to his name a
lasting <i>slur</i>."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A trick played upon a person; an
imposition.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A mark, thus [&upslur; or
&downslur;], connecting notes that are to be sung to the same
syllable, or made in one continued breath of a wind instrument, or
with one stroke of a bow; a tie; a sign of legato.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In knitting machines, a contrivance for
depressing the sinkers successively by passing over them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slurred</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>Marked with a slur; performed in a smooth, gliding style, like
notes marked with a slur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slush</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sw. <i>slaska</i> to
paddle in water, <i>slask</i> wet, filth.] [Written also
<i>slosh</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Soft mud.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mixture of snow and water; half-melted
snow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A soft mixture of grease and other
materials, used for lubrication.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The refuse grease and fat collected in
cooking, especially on shipboard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A mixture of white lead and
lime, with which the bright parts of machines, such as the connecting
rods of steamboats, are painted to be preserved from
oxidation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slush</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slushed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slushing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To smear with slush or
grease; as, to <i>slush</i> a mast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To paint with a mixture of white lead and
lime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slush"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding in slush;
characterized by soft mud or half-melted snow; as, the streets are
<i>slushy</i>; the snow is <i>slushy</i>.</def> "A dark, drizzling,
<i>slushy</i> day."  <i>Blackw. Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slut</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>slutte</i>; cf. OD.
<i>slodde</i> a slut, Icel. <i>sl&ouml;ttr</i> a heavy, loglike
fellow, <i>slota</i> to droop.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An untidy
woman; a slattern.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sluts</i> are good enough to make a sloven's
porridge.</blockquote> <i>Old Proverb.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A servant girl; a drudge.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Our little girl Susan is a most admirable <i>slut</i>,
and pleases us mightly, doing more service than both the
others.</blockquote> <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A female dog; a bitch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slutch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. <u>Sludge</u>.]
<def>Slush.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Slutch"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slushy.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Pennant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sluth"hound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sleuthhound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slut"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The qualities
and practices of a slut; sluttishness; slatternlines.</def>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slut"tish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a slut;
untidy; indecently negligent of cleanliness; disorderly; as, a
<i>sluttish</i> woman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why is thy lord so <i>slutish</i>, I thee
pray.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An air of liberal, though <i>sluttish</i>, plenty,
indicated the wealthy farmer.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Slut"tish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Slut"tish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Slier</u> (?) or <u>Slyer</u>; <pos><i>superl.</i></pos>
<u>Sliest</u> or <u>Slyest</u>.] [OE. <i>sli</i>, <i>slegh</i>,
<i>sleih</i>, Icel <i>sl&?;gr</i>, for <i>sl&?;gr</i>; akin to Sw.
<i>slug</i>, Dan. <i>slu</i>, LG. <i>slou</i>, G. <i>schlau</i>;
probably to E. <i>slay</i>, v.t.; cf. G. ver<i>schlagen</i> sly. See
<u>Slay</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Sleight</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Dexterous in performing an action, so as to
escape notice; nimble; skillful; cautious; shrewd; knowing; -- in a
good sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be ye <i>sly</i> as serpents, and simple as
doves.</blockquote> <i>Wyclif (Matt. x. 16).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whom graver age<BR>
And long experience hath made wise and <i>sly</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Artfully cunning; secretly mischievous;
wily.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For my <i>sly</i> wiles and subtle craftiness,<BR>
The litle of the kingdom I possess.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Done with, and marked by, artful and
dexterous secrecy; subtle; as, a <i>sly</i> trick.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Envy works in a <i>sly</i> and imperceptible
manner.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Light or delicate; slight; thin.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>By the sly</b></col>, or <col><b>On the sly</b></col>,
<cd>in a sly or secret manner.</cd> [Colloq.] "Gazed on Hetty's charms
<i>by the sly</i>." <i>G. Eliot.</i> -- <col><b>Sly goose</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the common sheldrake; -- so named from its
craftiness.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Cunning; crafty; subtile; wily. See
<u>Cunning</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Slyly.</def> [Obs. or
Poetic]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sly"boots`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A humerous
appellation for a sly, cunning, or waggish person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Slyboots</i> was cursedly cunning to hide
'em.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sly"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sly manner;
shrewdly; craftily.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Honestly and <i>slyly</i> he it spent.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sly"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being sly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slype</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>sluipen</i> to
sneak.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A narrow passage between two buildings, as
between the transept and chapter house of a monastery.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Smack</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>smak</i>; akin to
LG. <i>smack</i>, <i>smak</i>, Dan. <i>smakke</i>, G. <i>schmacke</i>,
F. <i>semaque</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A small sailing vessel,
commonly rigged as a sloop, used chiefly in the coasting and fishing
trade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smack</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>smak</i>, AS.
<i>ssm&?;c</i> taste, savor; akin to D. <i>smaak</i>, G.
ge<i>schmack</i>, OHG. <i>smac</i>; cf. Lith. <i>smagus</i> pleasant.
Cf. <u>Smack</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Taste or flavor, esp. a slight taste or flavor; savor; tincture;
as, a <i>smack</i> of bitter in the medicine. Also used
figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So quickly they have taken a <i>smack</i> in
covetousness.</blockquote> <i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They felt the <i>smack</i> of this world.</blockquote>
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small quantity; a taste.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A loud kiss; a buss.</def> "A clamorous
<i>smack</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A quick, sharp noise, as of the lips when
suddenly separated, or of a whip.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A quick, smart blow; a slap.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smack</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>As if with a smack or
slap.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Smack</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Smacked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Smacking</u>.] [OE. <i>smaken</i> to taste, have a taste, -- from
the noun; cf. AS. <i>smecan</i> taste; akin to D. <i>smaken</i>, G.
<i>schmecken</i>, OHG. <i>smechen</i> to taste, smach&?;n to have a
taste (and, derived from the same source, G. <i>schmatzen</i> to smack
the lips, to kiss with a sharp noise, MHG. <i>smatzen</i>,
<i>smackzeen</i>), Icel <i>smakka</i> to taste, Sw. <i>smaka</i>, Dan.
<i>smage</i>. See 2d <u>Smack</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To have a smack; to be tinctured with any
particular taste.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have or exhibit indications of the
presence of any character or quality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> All sects, all ages, <i>smack</i> of this
vice.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To kiss with a close compression of the
lips, so as to make a sound when they separate; to kiss with a sharp
noise; to buss.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make a noise by the separation of the
lips after tasting anything.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smack</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
kiss with a sharp noise; to buss.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To open, as the lips, with an inarticulate
sound made by a quick compression and separation of the parts of the
mouth; to make a noise with, as the lips, by separating them in the
act of kissing or after tasting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Drinking off the cup, and <i>smacking</i> his lips with
an air of ineffable relish.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make a sharp noise by striking; to
crack; as, to <i>smack</i> a whip.</def> "She <i>smacks</i> the silken
thong."  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smack"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sharp, quick noise;
a smack.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like the faint <i>smacking</i> of an after
kiss.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1358 !></p>

<p><hw>Smack"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making a sharp,
brisk sound; hence, brisk; as, a <i>smacking</i> breeze.</def></p>

<p><hw>Small</hw> (sm&add;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Smaller</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Smallest</u>.] [OE. <i>small</i>, AS.
<i>sm&aelig;l</i>; akin to D. <i>smal</i> narrow, OS. & OHG.
<i>smal</i> small, G. <i>schmal</i> narrow, Dan. & Sw. <i>smal</i>,
Goth. <i>smals</i> small, Icel. <i>smali</i> smal cattle, sheep, or
goats; cf. Gr. <grk>mh^lon</grk> a sheep or goat.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having little size, compared with other things of the same kind;
little in quantity or degree; diminutive; not large or extended in
dimension; not great; not much; inconsiderable; as, a <i>small</i>
man; a <i>small</i> river.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To compare<BR>
Great things with <i>small</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Being of slight consequence; feeble in
influence or importance; unimportant; trivial; insignificant; as, a
<i>small</i> fault; a <i>small</i> business.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Envincing little worth or ability; not
large-minded; -- sometimes, in reproach, paltry; mean.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A true delineation of the <i>smallest</i> man is
capable of interesting the greatest man.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i>
</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not prolonged in duration; not extended in
time; short; as, after a <i>small</i> space.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Weak; slender; fine; gentle; soft; not
loud.</def> "A still, <i>small</i> voice."  <i>1 Kings xix.
12.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Great and small</b></col>,<cd>of all ranks or degrees; --
used especially of persons.</cd>  "His quests, <i>great and
small</i>." <i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>Small arms</b></col>,
<cd>muskets, rifles, pistols, etc., in distinction from cannon.</cd> -
- <col><b>Small beer</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Beer</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Small coal</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Little coals of
wood formerly used to light fires</cd>. <i>Gay.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Coal about the size of a hazelnut, separated
from the coarser parts by screening.</cd> -- <col><b>Small
craft</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a vessel, or vessels in general,
of a small size.</cd> -- <col><b>Small fruits</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Fruit</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Small hand</b></col>, <cd>a certain size
of paper. See under <u>Paper</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Small
hours</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Hour</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Small
letter</b></col>. <i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>a lower-case letter. See
<u>Lower-case</u>, and <i>Capital letter</i>, under <u>Capital</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Small piece</b></col>, <cd>a
Scotch coin worth about 2&frac14;d. sterling, or about
4&frac12;cents.</cd> -- <col><b>Small register</b></col>. <cd>See the
Note under 1st <u>Register</u>, 7.</cd> -- <col><b>Small
stuff</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>spun yarn, marline, and the
smallest kinds of rope.</cd> <i>R. H. Dana, Jr.</i> -- <col><b>Small
talk</b></col>, <cd>light or trifling conversation; chitchat.</cd> --
<col><b>Small wares</b></col> <i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>various small textile
articles, as tapes, braid, tringe, and the like.</cd>
<i>M&lsquo;Culloch.</i></p>

<p><hw>Small</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In
or to small extent, quantity, or degree; little; slightly.</def>
[Obs.] "I wept but <i>small</i>." <i>Chaucer.</i> "It <i>small</i>
avails my mood." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not loudly; faintly; timidly.</def> [Obs.
or Humorous]</p>

<p><blockquote>You may speak as <i>small</i> as you will.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Small</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
small or slender part of a thing; as, the <i>small</i> of the leg or
of the back.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Smallclothes.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Hood. Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Same as <i>Little go</i>. See
under <u>Little</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Small</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make little or
less.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Small"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Small</i> + F.
<i>ache</i> smallage. See <u>Ach</u> parsley.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
biennial umbelliferous plant (<i>Apium graveolens</i>) native of the
seacoats of Europe and Asia. When deprived of its acrid and even
poisonous properties by cultivation, it becomes
<i>celery</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Small"clothes`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>A man's
garment for the hips and thighs; breeches. See
<u>Breeches</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Small"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat small.</def>
<i>G. W. Cable.</i></p>

<p><hw>Small"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being small.</def></p>

<p><hw>Small"pox`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Small</i> +
<i>pox</i>, <i>pocks</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A contagious,
constitutional, febrile disease characterized by a peculiar eruption;
variola. The cutaneous eruption is at first a collection of papules
which become vesicles (first flat, subsequently umbilicated) and then
pustules, and finally thick crusts which slough after a certain time,
often leaving a pit, or scar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smalls</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Small</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Small"sword`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A light sword
used for thrusting only; especially, the sword worn by civilians of
rank in the eighteenth century.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smal"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a small
quantity or degree; with minuteness.</def> [R.]  <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smalt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>smalto</i>, LL.
<i>smaltum</i>; of Teutonic origin; cf. OHG. <i>smalz</i> grease,
butter, G. <i>schmalz</i> grease, OHG. <i>smelzan</i> to melt, G.
<i>schmelzen</i>. See <u>Smelt</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Amel</u>, <u>Enamel</u>.] <def>A deep blue pigment or coloring
material used in various arts. It is a vitreous substance made of
cobalt, potash, and calcined quartz fused, and reduced to a
powder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smalt"-blue`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deep blue,
like smalt.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Smalt"ine</hw> (?), <hw>Smalt"ite</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Smalt</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A tin-
white or gray mineral of metallic luster. It is an arsenide of cobalt,
nickel, and iron. Called also <i>speiskobalt</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smar"agd</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>smaragdus</i>.
See <u>Emerald</u>.] <def>The emerald.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sma*rag"dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>smaragdinus</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;.] <def>Of or pertaining to
emerald; resembling emerald; of an emerald green.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sma*rag"dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>smaragdite</i>; -- so called from its emerald-green color. See
<u>Smaragd</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A green foliated kind of
amphibole, observed in eclogite and some varietis of gabbro.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smart</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Smarted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Smarting</u>.] [OE. <i>smarten</i>, AS. <i>smeortan</i>; akin to D.
<i>smarten</i>, <i>smerten</i>, G.  <i>schmerzen</i>, OHG.
<i>smerzan</i>, Dan. <i>smerte</i>, SW. <i>sm&auml;rta</i>, D.
<i>smart</i>, <i>smert</i>, a pain, G. <i>schmerz</i>, Ohg.
<i>smerzo</i>, and probably to L. <i>mordere</i> to bite; cf. Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;, terrible, fearful, Skr. <i>m&?;d</i> to
rub, crush.  Cf. <u>Morsel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To feel a
lively, pungent local pain; -- said of some part of the body as the
seat of irritation; as, my finger <i>smarts</i>; these wounds
<i>smart</i>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To feel a pungent pain of mind; to feel
sharp pain or grief; to suffer; to feel the sting of evil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No creature <i>smarts</i> so little as a
fool.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He that is surety for a stranger shall <i>smart</i> for
it.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xi. 15.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smart</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause a smart
in.</def> "A goad that . . . <i>smarts</i> the flesh."  <i>T.
Adams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smart</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>smerte</i>. See
<u>Smart</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Quick,
pungent, lively pain; a pricking local pain, as the pain from puncture
by nettles.</def> "In pain's <i>smart</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Severe, pungent pain of mind; pungent
grief; as, the <i>smart</i> of affliction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To stand 'twixt us and our deserved
<i>smart</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Counsel mitigates the greatest
<i>smart</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A fellow who affects smartness, briskness,
and vivacity; a dandy.</def> [Slang]  <i>Fielding.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Smart money (see below).</def> [Canf]</p>

<p><hw>Smart</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Smarter</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Smartest</u>.] [OE.
<i>smerte</i>. See <u>Smart</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Causing a smart; pungent; pricking; as, a
<i>smart</i> stroke or taste.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How <i>smart</i> lash that speech doth give my
conscience.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Keen; severe; poignant; as, <i>smart</i>
pain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Vigorous; sharp; severe.</def>
"<i>Smart</i> skirmishes, in which many fell."  <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Accomplishing, or able to accomplish,
results quickly; active; sharp; clever.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Efficient; vigorous; brilliant.</def> "The
stars shine <i>smarter</i>."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Marked by acuteness or shrewdness; quick in
suggestion or reply; vivacious; witty; as, a <i>smart</i> reply; a
<i>smart</i> saying.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who, for the poor renown of being <i>smart</i><BR>
Would leave a sting within a brother's heart?</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A sentence or two, . . . which I thought very
<i>smart</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Pretentious; showy; spruce; as, a
<i>smart</i> gown.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Brisk; fresh; as, a <i>smart</i>
breeze.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Smart money</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Money paid
by a person to buy himself off from some unpleasant engagement or some
painful situation</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>Money
allowed to soldiers or sailors, in the English service, for wounds and
injures received; also, a sum paid by a recruit, previous to being
sworn in, to procure his release from service</cd>.
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Law)</i> <cd>Vindictive or exemplary damages;
damages beyond a full compensation for the actual injury done</cd>.
<i>Burrill.</i> <i>Greenleaf.</i> -- <col><b>Smart ticket</b></col>,
<cd>a certificate given to wounded seamen, entitling them to smart
money.</cd> [Eng.] <i>Brande & C.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Pungent; poignant; sharp; tart; acute; quick;
lively; brisk; witty; clever; keen; dashy; showy.  -- <u>Smart</u>,
<u>Clever</u>. <i>Smart</i> has been much used in New England to
describe a person who is intelligent, vigorous, and active; as, a
<i>smart</i> young fellow; a <i>smart</i> workman, etc., conciding
very nearly with the English sense of <i>clever</i>. The nearest
approach to this in England is in such expressions as, he was
<i>smart</i> (pungent or witty) in his reply, etc.; but <i>smart</i>
and smartness, when applied to persons, more commonly refer to dress;
as, a <i>smart</i> appearance; a <i>smart</i> gown, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Smart"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make smart
or spruce; -- usually with <i>up</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She had to go and <i>smarten</i> herself up
somewhat.</blockquote> <i>W. Black.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smar"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To waste
away.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Smart"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a smart
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smart"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being smart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smart"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An acrid plant of the genus <i>Polygonum</i> (<i>P.
Hydropiper</i>), which produces smarting if applied where the skin is
tender.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smash</hw> (sm&abreve;sh), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> <u>Smashed</u> (sm&abreve;sht);
<pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Smashing</u>.] [Cf. Sw.
<i>smisk</i> a blow, stroke, <i>smiska</i> to strike, dial. Sw.
<i>smaske</i> to kiss with a noise, and E. <i>smack</i> a loud kiss, a
slap.] <def>To break in pieces by violence; to dash to pieces; to
crush.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here everything is broken and <i>smashed</i> to
pieces.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smash</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To break up, or to
pieces suddenly, as the result of collision or pressure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smash</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
breaking or dashing to pieces; utter destruction; wreck.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, bankruptcy.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Smash"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, smashes or breaks
things to pieces.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything very large or extraordinary.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who passes counterfeit coin.</def>
[Cant, Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Smatch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>smach</i>,
<i>smak</i>. See <u>Smack</u> taste.] <def>Taste; tincture;
smack.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thy life hath had some <i>smatch</i> of honor in
it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smatch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To smack.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Banister (1578).</i></p>

<p><hw>Smat"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>smateren</i>
to make a noise; cf. Sw. <i>smattra</i> to clatter, to crackle, G.
<i>schmettern</i> to dash, crash, to warble, quaver.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To talk superficially or ignorantly; to
babble; to chatter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of state affairs you can not
<i>smatter</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have a slight taste, or a slight,
superficial knowledge, of anything; to smack.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smat"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To talk superficially about.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To gain a slight taste of; to acquire a
slight, superficial knowledge of; to smack.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smat"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Superficial knowledge;
a smattering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smat"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who has
only a slight, superficial knowledge; a sciolist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smat"ter*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A slight,
superficial knowledge of something; sciolism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I had a great desire, not able to attain to a
superficial skill in any, to have some <i>smattering</i> in
all.</blockquote> <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smear</hw> (sm&emacr;r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Smeared</u> (sm&emacr;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Smearing</u>.] [OE. <i>smeren</i>, <i>smerien</i>, AS.
<i>smierwan</i>, <i>smyrwan</i>, fr. <i>smeoru</i> fat, grease; akin
to D. <i>smeren</i>, OHG. <i>smirwen</i>, G. <i>schmieren</i>, Icel.
<i>smyrja</i> to anoint. See <u>Smear</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To overspread with anything unctuous, viscous,
or adhesive; to daub; as, to <i>smear</i> anything with oil.</def>
"<i>Smear</i> the sleepy grooms with blood."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To soil in any way; to contaminate; to
pollute; to stain morally; as, to be <i>smeared</i> with infamy.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smear</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>smere</i>,.
<i>smeoru</i> fat, grease; akin to D. <i>smeer</i>, G. <i>schmeer</i>,
OHG. <i>smero</i>, Icel. <i>smj&ouml;r</i>, Sw. & Dan.
<i>sm&ouml;r</i> butter, Goth. <i>sma&iacute;r&thorn;r</i> fatness,
<i>smarna</i> dung; cf. Lith. <i>smarsas</i> fat.  Cf. <u>Smirch</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fat, oily substance; oinment.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a spot made by, or as by, an
unctuous or adhesive substance; a blot or blotch; a daub; a
stain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Slow broke the morn,<BR>
All damp and rolling vapor, with no sun,<BR>
But in its place a moving <i>smear</i> of light.</blockquote>
<i>Alexander Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smear" dab"</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The sand fluke
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Smeared</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having the color mark ings ill defined, as if rubbed; as, the
<i>smeared</i> dagger moth (<i>Apatela oblinita</i>).</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Smear"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to smear or
soil; adhesive; viscous.</def>  <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smeath</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The smew.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Smec"tite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>smectit</i>,
fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?; a kind of fuller's earth, fr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;
to wipe off.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hydrous silicate of alumina, of a
greenish color, which, in certain states of humidity, appears
transparent and almost gelatinous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Smew</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The pintail duck.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The widgeon.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>The poachard.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The smew.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Smeeth</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>To smoke; to blacken with smoke; to rub with soot.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Smeeth</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sme&?;en</i>,
AS. <i>sm&?;&?;ian</i>. See <u>Smooth</u>.] <def>To smooth.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smeg"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; soap, fr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?; to wash off.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>The matter secreted by any of the sebaceous glands.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The soapy substance covering
the skin of newborn infants.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
cheesy, sebaceous matter which collects between the glans penis and
the foreskin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smeg*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being of the
nature of soap; soapy; cleansing; detersive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smeir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A salt glaze on
pottery, made by adding common salt to an earthenware glaze.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smell</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Smelled</u> (?), <u>Smelt</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Smelling</u>.] [OE. <i>smellen</i>,
<i>smillen</i>, <i>smullen</i>; cf. LG. <i>smellen</i>, <i>smelen</i>,
<i>sm&ouml;len</i>, <i>schmelen</i>, to smoke, to reek, D.
<i>smeulen</i> to smolder, and E. <i>smolder</i>.  Cf. <u>Smell</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To perceive by the
olfactory nerves, or organs of smell; to have a sensation of, excited
through the nasal organs when affected by the appropriate materials or
qualities; to obtain the scent of; as, to <i>smell</i> a rose; to
<i>smell</i> perfumes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To detect or perceive, as if by the sense
of smell; to scent out; -- often with <i>out</i>.</def> "I
<i>smell</i> a device."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Can you <i>smell</i> him out by that?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give heed to.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>From that time forward I began to <i>smell</i>the Word
of God, and forsook the school doctors.</blockquote>
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To smell a rat</b></col>, <cd>to have a sense of something
wrong, not clearly evident; to have reason for suspicion.</cd>
[Colloq.] -- <col><b>To smell out</b></col>, <cd>to find out by
sagacity.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Smell</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
affect the olfactory nerves; to have an odor or scent; -- often
followed by <i>of</i>; as, to <i>smell</i> of smoke, or of
musk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have a particular tincture or smack of
any quality; to savor; as, a report <i>smells</i> of
calumny.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Praises in an enemy are superfluous, or <i>smell</i> of
craft.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To exercise the sense of smell.</def>
<i>Ex. xxx. 38.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To exercise sagacity.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smell</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>smel</i>, <i>smil</i>,
<i>smul</i>, <i>smeol</i>. See <u>Smell</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The sense or faculty by
which certain qualities of bodies are perceived through the
instrumentally of the olfactory nerves. See <u>Sense</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality of any thing or substance, or
emanation therefrom, which affects the olfactory organs; odor; scent;
fragrance; perfume; as, the <i>smell</i> of mint.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Breathing the <i>smell</i> of field and
grove.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That which, above all others, yields the sweetest
<i>smell</i> in the air, is the violent.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Scent; odor; perfume; fragrance.</p>

<p><hw>Smell"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who smells, or perceives by the sense of smell; one who gives
out smell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The nose.</def> [Pugilists' Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Smell"-feast`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who is apt to find and frequent good tables; a parasite; a
sponger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The epicure and the <i>smell-feast</i>.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A feast at which the guests are supposed to
feed upon the odors only of the viands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smell"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who smells.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sense by which odors are perceived; the
sense of smell.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Smelling bottle</b></col>, <cd>a small bottle filled with
something suited to stimulate the sense of smell, or to remove
faintness, as spirits of ammonia.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Smell"-less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of smell;
having no odor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Daisies <i>smell-less</i>, yet most
quaint.</blockquote> <i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smelt</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Smell</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smelt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>smelt</i>,
<i>smylt</i>; akin to Dan. <i>smelt</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of small silvery
salmonoid fishes of the genus <i>Osmerus</i> and allied genera, which
ascend rivers to spawn, and sometimes become landlocked in lakes. They
are esteemed as food, and have a peculiar odor and taste.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The most important species are the European smelt
(<i>Osmerus eperlans</i>) (called also <i>eperlan</i>,
<i>sparling</i>, and <i>spirling</i>), the Eastern American smelt
(<i>O. mordax</i>), the California smelt (<i>O. thalichthys</i>), and
the surf smelt (<i>Hypomesus olidus</i>). The name is loosely applied
to various other small fishes, as the lant, the California tomcod, the
spawn eater, the silverside.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Fig.: <def>A gull; a simpleton.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sand smelt</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
silverside.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Smelt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Smelted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Smelting</u>.] [Of foreign origin; cf. Sw. <i>sm&auml;lta</i>, D.
<i>smelten</i>, Dan. <i>smelte</i>, Icel. <i>smelta</i>, G.
<i>schmelzen</i> OHG. <i>smelzan</i>, <i>smelzen</i>; probably akin to
Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;.  Cf. <u>Enamel</u>, <u>Melt</u>, <u>Mute</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, <u>Smalt</u>.] <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>To melt
or fuse, as, ore, for the purpose of separating and refining the
metal; hence, to reduce; to refine; to flux or scorify; as, to
<i>smelt</i> tin.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1359 !></p>

<p><hw>Smelt"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, smelts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smelt"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house or place
for smelting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smelt"ie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fish, the
bib.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Smelt"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Smelt</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Smelting furnace</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>a furnace
in which ores are smelted or reduced.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Smerk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. & v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Smirk</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Smerk</hw> (?), <hw>Smerk"y</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Smart; jaunty; spruce. See <u>Smirk</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So <i>smerk</i>, so smooth, his pricked
ears.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smer"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small loach.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smew</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps for <i>ice-
mew</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>small European
merganser (<i>Mergus albellus</i>) which has a white crest; -- called
also <i>smee</i>, <i>smee duck</i>, <i>white merganser</i>, and
<i>white nun</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The hooded
merganser.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Smick"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Akin to Sw.
<i>smickra</i> to flatter, Dan. <i>smigre</i>, and perhaps to G.
<i>schmeicheln</i>, and E. <i>smile</i>.  Cf. <u>Smicker</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To look amorously or wantonly; to
smirk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smick"er</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>smicere</i>
tasteful, trim. See <u>Smicker</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<def>Amorous; wanton; gay; spruce.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Smick"er*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Amorous glance or
inclination.</def> [Obs.] "A <i>smickering</i> to our young lady."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smick"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of <i>smock</i>.]
<def>A woman's under-garment; a smock.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smick"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Smugly;
finically.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smid"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Smithy</u>.]
<def>A smithy.</def> [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Smift</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A match for firing a
charge of powder, as in blasting; a fuse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smight</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To smite.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smil"a*cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>similacine</i>. See <u>Smilax</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Parrilin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smi"lax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., bindweed, Gr.
&?;&?;&?;.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A genus of
perennial climbing plants, usually with a prickly woody stem; green
brier, or cat brier. The rootstocks of certain species are the source
of the medicine called sarsaparilla.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
delicate trailing plant (<i>Myrsiphyllum asparagoides</i>) much used
for decoration. It is a native of the Cape of Good Hope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smile</hw> (sm&imacr;l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Smiled</u> (sm&imacr;ld); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Smiling</u>.] [OE. <i>smilen</i>; akin to Dan.
<i>smile</i>, Sw. <i>smila</i>, MHG. <i>smielen</i>, <i>smieren</i>,
L. <i>mirari</i> to wonder at, Skr. <i>smi</i> to smile; and probably
to E. <i>smicker</i>. &radic;173.  Cf. <u>Admire</u>, <u>Marvel</u>,
<u>Smirk</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To express amusement, pleasure,
moderate joy, or love and kindness, by the features of the face; to
laugh silently.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He doth nothing but frown. . . . He hears merry tales
and <i>smiles</i> not.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>smiled</i> to see the doughty hero
slain.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When last I saw thy young blue eyes, they
<i>smiled</i>.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To express slight contempt by a look
implying sarcasm or pity; to sneer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T was what I said to Craggs and Child,<BR>
Who praised my modesty, and <i>smiled</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To look gay and joyous; to have an
appearance suited to excite joy; as, <i>smiling</i> spring;
<i>smiling</i> plenty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The desert <i>smiled</i>,<BR>
And paradise was opened in the wild.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be propitious or favorable; to favor; to
countenance; -- often with <i>on</i>; as, to <i>smile</i> on one's
labors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smile</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
express by a smile; as, to <i>smile</i> consent; to <i>smile</i> a
welcome to visitors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To affect in a certain way with a
smile.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And sharply <i>smile</i> prevailing folly
dead.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smile</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. Dan. <i>smiil</i>, Sw.
<i>smil</i>. See <u>Smile</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of smiling; a peculiar change or
brightening of the face, which expresses pleasure, moderate joy,
mirth, approbation, or kindness; -- opposed to <i>frown</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sweet intercourse<BR>
Of looks and <i>smiles</i>: for <i>smiles</i> from reason
flow.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A somewhat similar expression of
countenance, indicative of satisfaction combined with malevolent
feelings, as contempt, scorn, etc; as, a scornful
<i>smile</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Favor; countenance; propitiousness; as, the
<i>smiles</i> of Providence.</def> "The <i>smile</i> of heaven."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Gay or joyous appearance; as, the
<i>smiles</i> of spring.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The brightness of their [the flowers'] <i>smile</i> was
gone.</blockquote> <i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smile"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not having a
smile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smil"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
smiles.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smil"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
smile.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Those happy <i>smilets</i><BR>
That played on her ripe lip.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smil"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a smiling
manner.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smil"ing*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state
of being smiling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And made despair a <i>smilingness</i>
assume.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smi"lo*don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; a
carving knife + &?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;, tooth.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An
extinct genus of saber-toothed tigers. See
<u>Mach&?;rodus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smilt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To melt.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smin*thu"rid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; a
mouse + &?;&?;&?; tail.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
small species of springtails, of the family <i>Sminthurid&aelig;</i>,
-- usually found on flowers. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Collembola</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smirch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From the root of
<i>smear</i>.] <def>To smear with something which stains, or makes
dirty; to smutch; to begrime; to soil; to sully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll . . . with a kind of umber <i>smirch</i> my
face.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smirch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A smutch; a dirty
stain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smirk</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Smirked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Smirking</u>.] [OE. <i>smirken</i>, ASS. <i>smercian</i>,
<i>smearcian</i>; cf. MHG. <i>smieren</i>, <i>smielen</i>, to smile.
See <u>Smile</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>To smile in an
affected or conceited manner; to smile with affected complaisance; to
simper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smirk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A forced or affected
smile; a simper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bride, all <i>smirk</i> and blush, had just
entered.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smirk</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nice,; smart; spruce;
affected; simpering.</def> "So <i>smirk</i>, so smooth."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smirk"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With smirking;
with a smirk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smirk"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Smirk;
smirking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smit</hw> (?), rare <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Smite</u>.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Smit</i> with the beauty of so fair a
scene.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smit</hw>, obs. <def><pos><i>3d. pers. sing. pres.</i></pos> of
<u>Smite</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smite</hw> (sm&imacr;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Smote</u> (sm&omacr;t), rarely <u>Smit</u>
(sm&ibreve;t); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Smitten</u>
(sm&ibreve;t"t'n), rarely <u>Smit</u>, or <u>Smote</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Smiting</u> (sm&imacr;t"&ibreve;ng).] [AS.
<i>sm&imacr;tan</i> to smite, to soil, pollute; akin to OFries.
<i>sm&imacr;ta</i> to smite, LG. <i>smiten</i>, D. <i>smijten</i>, G.
<i>schmeissen</i>, OHG. <i>sm&imacr;zan</i> to smear, stroke, OSw. &
dial. Sw. <i>smita</i> to smite, Dan. <i>smide</i> to throw, Goth.
bi<i>smeitan</i>, to anoint, besmear; cf. Skr. <i>m&emacr;d</i> to be
fat. The original sense seems to have been, to daub on, to smear.  Cf.
<u>Smut</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike; to inflict a blow
upon with the hand, or with any instrument held in the hand, or with a
missile thrown by the hand; as, to <i>smite</i> with the fist, with a
rod, sword, spear, or stone.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whosoever shall <i>smite</i> thee on thy right cheek,
turn to him the other also.</blockquote> <i>Matt. v. 39.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And David . . . took thence a stone, and slang it, and
<i>smote</i> the Philistine in his forehead.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam.
xvii. 49.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to strike; to use as an instrument
in striking or hurling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Prophesy, and <i>smite</i> thine hands
together.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. xxi. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Saul . . . <i>smote</i> the javelin into the
wall.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. xix. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To destroy the life of by beating, or by
weapons of any kind; to slay by a blow; to kill; as, to <i>smite</i>
one with the sword, or with an arrow or other instrument.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To put to rout in battle; to overthrow by
war.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To blast; to destroy the life or vigor of,
as by a stroke or by some visitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The flax and the barly was <i>smitten</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Ex. ix. 31.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To afflict; to chasten; to
punish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us not mistake God's goodness, nor imagine, because
he <i>smites</i> us, that we are forsaken by him.</blockquote>
<i>Wake.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To strike or affect with passion, as love
or fear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The charms that <i>smite</i> the simple
heart.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Smit</i> with the love of sister arts we
came.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To smite off</b></col>, <cd>to cut off.</cd> -- <col><b>To
smite out</b></col>, <cd>to knock out, as a tooth.</cd> <i>Exod. xxi.
27.</i> -- <col><b>To smite with the tongue</b></col>, <cd>to reproach
or upbraid; to revile.</cd> [Obs.]  <i>Jer. xviii. 18.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Smite</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To strike; to collide;
to beat.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The heart melteth, and the knees smite
together.</blockquote> <i>Nah. ii. 10.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smite</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of smiting; a
blow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smit"er</hw> (sm&imacr;t"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who smites.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I give my back to the <i>smiters</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Isa. l. 6.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smith</hw> (sm&ibreve;th), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>smi&eth;</i>; akin to D. <i>smid</i>, G. <i>schmied</i>, OHG.
<i>smid</i>, Icel. <i>smi&eth;r</i>, Dan. & Sw. <i>smed</i>, Goth.
<i>smi&thorn;a</i> (in comp.); cf. Gr. <grk>smi`lh</grk> a sort of
knife, <grk>sminy`h</grk> a hoe, mattock.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who forges with the hammer; one who works in metals; as, a
black<i>smith</i>, gold<i>smith</i>, silver<i>smith</i>, and the
like.</def>  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor yet the <i>smith</i> hath learned to form a
sword.</blockquote> <i>Tate.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who makes or effects anything.</def>
[R.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smith</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>smi&eth;ian</i>.
See <u>Smith</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To beat into shape; to
forge.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What smith that any [weapon]
<i>smitheth</i>.</blockquote> <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smith"craft`</hw> (-kr&adot;ft`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
art or occupation of a smith; smithing.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smith"er</hw> (sm&ibreve;&thlig;"&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Light, fine rain.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Fragments; atoms; finders.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Smash the bottle to <i>smithers</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smith`er*eens"</hw> (sm&ibreve;&thlig;`&etilde;r*&emacr;nz"),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Fragments; atoms; smithers.</def>
[Colloq.]  <i>W. Black.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smith"er*y</hw> (sm&ibreve;th"&etilde;r*&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-ies</b></plw> (-&ibreve;z).
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The workshop of a smith; a smithy or
stithy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Work done by a smith; smithing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The din of all his <i>smithery</i> may some time or
other possibly wake this noble duke.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smith"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or art of
working or forging metals, as iron, into any desired shape.</def>
<i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smith*so"ni*an</hw> (-s&omacr;"n&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the Englishman J. L. M.
<i>Smithson</i>, or to the national institution of learning which he
endowed at Washington, D. C.; as, the <i>Smithsonian</i> Institution;
<i>Smithsonian</i> Reports.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
Smithsonian Institution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smith"son*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Smithsonian</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Native zinc carbonate. It
generally occurs in stalactitic, reniform, or botryoidal shapes, of a
white to gray, green, or brown color. See Note under
<u>Calamine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smith"y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>smi&eth;&eth;e</i>, fr. <i>smi&eth;</i>; akin to D. <i>smidse</i>,
<i>smids</i>, OHG. <i>smitta</i>, G. <i>schmiede</i>, Icel.
<i>smi&eth;ja</i>. See <u>Smith</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>The
workshop of a smith, esp. a blacksmith; a smithery; a stithy.</def>
[Written also <i>smiddy</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Under a spreading chestnut tree<BR>
The village <i>smithy</i> stands.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smitt</hw> (sm&ibreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. G.
<i>schmitz</i> a stain, <i>schmitzen</i> besmear. See <u>Smite</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Fine clay or ocher made up into balls,
used for marking sheep.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smit"ten</hw> (sm&ibreve;t"t'n), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
of <u>Smite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smit"tle</hw> (-t'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Freq. fr. OE.
<i>smitten</i> to befoul. See <u>Smite</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>To infect.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Smit"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Infection.</def> [Pov.
Eng.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Smit"tle</hw> (sm&ibreve;t"t'l), <hw>Smit"tlish</hw> (-
tl&ibreve;sh), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Infectious; catching.</def>
[Scot. & Prov. Eng.]  <i>H. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smock</hw> (sm&obreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>smocc</i>; akin to OHG. <i>smocho</i>, Icel. <i>smokkr</i>, and
from the root of AS. <i>sm&umacr;gan</i> to creep, akin to G.
<i>schmiegen</i> to cling to, press close, MHG. <i>smiegen</i>, Icel.
<i>smj&umacr;ga</i> to creep through, to put on a garment which has a
hole to put the head through; cf. Lith. <i>smukti</i> to glide.  Cf.
<u>Smug</u>, <u>Smuggle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A woman's under-
garment; a shift; a chemise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In her <i>smock</i>, with head and foot all
bare.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A blouse; a smoock frock.</def>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smock</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
smock; resembling a smock; hence, of or pertaining to a
woman.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Smock mill</b></col>, <cd>a windmill of which only the cap
turns round to meet the wind, in distinction from a <i>post mill</i>,
whose whole building turns on a post.</cd> -- <col><b>Smock
race</b></col>, <cd>a race run by women for the prize of a smock.</cd>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Smock</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To provide with, or
clothe in, a smock or a smock frock.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smock"-faced`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
feminine countenance or complexion; smooth-faced; girlish.</def>
<i>Fenton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smock" frock`</hw> (?). <def>A coarse frock, or shirt, worn
over the other dress, as by farm laborers.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smock"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wanting a
smock.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smok"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
smoked; suitable or ready to be smoked; as, <i>smokable</i>
tobacco.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smoke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>smoca</i>, fr.
<i>sme&oacute;can</i> to smoke; akin to LG. & D. <i>smook</i> smoke,
Dan. <i>sm&ouml;g</i>, G. <i>schmauch</i>, and perh. to Gr. &?;&?;&?;
to burn in a smoldering fire; cf. Lith. <i>smaugti</i> to choke.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The visible exhalation, vapor, or substance
that escapes, or expelled, from a burning body, especially from
burning vegetable matter, as wood, coal, peat, or the like.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The gases of hydrocarbons, raised to a red heat or
thereabouts, without a mixture of air enough to produce combustion,
disengage their carbon in a fine powder, forming <i>smoke</i>. The
disengaged carbon when deposited on solid bodies is <i>soot</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles smoke; a vapor; a
mist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything unsubstantial, as idle talk.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act of smoking, esp. of smoking
tobacco; as, to have a <i>smoke</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Smoke</i> is sometimes joined with other word. forming
self-explaining compounds; as, <i>smoke</i>-consuming, <i>smoke</i>-
dried, <i>smoke</i>-stained, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Smoke arch</b></col>, <cd>the smoke box of a
locomotive.</cd> -- <col><b>Smoke ball</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a
ball or case containing a composition which, when it burns, sends
forth thick smoke.</cd> -- <col><b>Smoke black</b></col>,
<cd>lampblack.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>Smoke board</b></col>, <cd>a
board suspended before a fireplace to prevent the smoke from coming
out into the room.</cd> -- <col><b>Smoke box</b></col>, <cd>a chamber
in a boiler, where the smoke, etc., from the furnace is collected
before going out at the chimney.</cd> -- <col><b>Smoke sail</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a small sail in the lee of the galley stovepipe,
to prevent the smoke from annoying people on deck.</cd> --
<col><b>Smoke tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a shrub (<i>Rhus
Cotinus</i>) in which the flowers are mostly abortive and the panicles
transformed into tangles of plumose pedicels looking like wreaths of
smoke.</cd> -- <col><b>To end in smoke</b></col>, <cd>to burned;
hence, to be destroyed or ruined; figuratively, to come to
nothing.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fume; reek; vapor.</p>

<p><hw>Smoke</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Smoked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb n.</i></pos>
<u>Smoking</u>.] [AS. <i>smocian</i>; akin to D. <i>smoken</i>, G.
<i>schmauchen</i>, Dan. <i>sm&ouml;ge</i>. See <u>Smoke</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To emit smoke; to throw
off volatile matter in the form of vapor or exhalation; to
reek.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hard by a cottage chimney <i>smokes</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to burn; to be kindled; to
rage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The anger of the Lord and his jealousy shall
<i>smoke</i> agains. that man.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxix. 20.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To raise a dust or smoke by rapid
motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Proud of his steeds, he <i>smokes</i> along the
field.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To draw into the mouth the smoke of tobacco
burning in a pipe or in the form of a cigar, cigarette, etc.; to
habitually use tobacco in this manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To suffer severely; to be
punished.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some of you shall <i>smoke</i> for it in
Rome.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smoke</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
apply smoke to; to hang in smoke; to disinfect, to cure, etc., by
smoke; as, to <i>smoke</i> or fumigate infected clothing; to
<i>smoke</i> beef or hams for preservation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fill or scent with smoke; hence, to fill
with incense; to perfume.</def> "<i>Smoking</i> the temple."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To smell out; to hunt out; to find out; to
detect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I alone<BR>
<i>Smoked</i> his true person, talked with him.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He was first <i>smoked</i> by the old Lord
Lafeu.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon that . . . I began to <i>smoke</i> that they were
a parcel of mummers.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To ridicule to the face; to quiz.</def>
[Old Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To inhale and puff out the smoke of, as
tobacco; to burn or use in smoking; as, to <i>smoke</i> a pipe or a
cigar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To subject to the operation of smoke, for
the purpose of annoying or driving out; -- often with <i>out</i>; as,
to <i>smoke</i> a woodchuck out of his burrow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smoke"-dry`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To dry by or
in smoke.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smoke"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A building
where meat or fish is cured by subjecting it to a dense
smoke.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smoke"jack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A contrivance
for turning a spit by means of a fly or wheel moved by the current of
ascending air in a chimney.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smoke"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making or having no
smoke.</def> "<i>Smokeless</i> towers."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smok"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who dries or preserves by smoke.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who smokes tobacco or the
like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A smoking car or compartment.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Smoke"stack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A chimney;
esp., a pipe serving as a chimney, as the pipe which carries off the
smoke of a locomotive, the funnel of a steam vessel, etc.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1360 !></p>

<p><hw>Smok"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a smoky
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smok"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being smoky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smok"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Smoke</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Smoking bean</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the long pod of
the catalpa, or Indian-bean tree, often smoked by boys as a substitute
for cigars.</cd> -- <col><b>Smoking car</b></col>, <cd>a railway car
carriage reserved for the use of passengers who smoke
tobacco.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Smok"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Smokier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Smokiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Emitting smoke, esp. in large quantities or in an offensive
manner; fumid; as, <i>smoky</i> fires.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the appearance or nature of smoke;
as, a <i>smoky</i> fog.</def> "Unlustrous as the <i>smoky</i> light."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Filled with smoke, or with a vapor
resembling smoke; thick; as, a <i>smoky</i> atmosphere.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Subject to be filled with smoke from
chimneys or fireplace; as, a <i>smoky</i> house.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Tarnished with smoke; noisome with smoke;
as, <i>smoky</i> rafters; <i>smoky</i> cells.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Suspicious; open to suspicion.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Foote.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Smoky quartz</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a variety of
quartz crystal of a pale to dark smoky-brown color. See
<u>Quartz</u>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Smol"der</hw>, <hw>Smoul"der</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> <u>Smoldered</u> (?) or
<u>Smouldered</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Smoldering</u>
or <u>Smouldering</u>.] [OE. <i>smolderen</i>; cf. Prov. G.
<i>sm&ouml;len</i>, <i>smelen</i>, D. <i>smeulen</i>.  Cf.
<u>Smell</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To burn and smoke without
flame; to waste away by a slow and supressed combustion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>smoldering</i> dust did round about him
smoke.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exist in a state of suppressed or
smothered activity; to burn inwardly; as, a <i>smoldering</i>
feud.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Smol"der</hw>, <hw>Smoul"der</hw>, } <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To smother; to suffocate; to choke.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holinshed.
Palsgrave.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Smol"der</hw>, <hw>Smoul"der</hw>, } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Smoke; smother.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>smolder</i> stops our nose with
stench.</blockquote> <i>Gascoigne.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Smol"der*ing</hw>, <hw>Smoul"der*ing</hw>, }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being in a state of suppressed activity;
quiet but not dead.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some evil chance<BR>
Will make the <i>smoldering</i> scandal break and blaze.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Smol"der*ing*ness</hw>, <hw>Smoul"der*ing*ness</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of smoldering.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Smol"dry</hw>, <hw>Smoul"dry</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Smoldering; suffocating; smothery.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A flaming fire ymixt with <i>smoldry</i>
smoke.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smolt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
young salmon two or three years old, when it has acquired its silvery
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smooch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Smutch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smoor</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>smorian</i>;
akin to D. & LG. <i>smoren</i>, G. <i>schmoren</i> to stew.  Cf.
<u>Smother</u>.] <def>To suffocate or smother.</def> [Written also
<i>smore</i>.] [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.]  <i>Sir T. More.
Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smooth</hw> (sm&oomac;&thlig;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Smoother</u> (-&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Smoothest</u>.] [OE. <i>smothe</i>,
<i>smethe</i>, AS. <i>sm&emacr;&eth;e</i>, <i>sm&oelig;&eth;e</i>,
where &emacr;, &oelig;, come from an older &omacr;; cf. LG.
<i>sm&ouml;de</i>, <i>sm&ouml;e</i>, <i>sm&ouml;dig</i>; of uncertain
origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having an even surface, or a surface
so even that no roughness or points can be perceived by the touch; not
rough; as, <i>smooth</i> glass; <i>smooth</i> porcelain.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The outlines must be <i>smooth</i>, imperceptible to
the touch, and even, without eminence or cavities.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Evenly spread or arranged; sleek; as,
<i>smooth</i> hair.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Gently flowing; moving equably; not ruffled
or obstructed; as, a <i>smooth</i> stream.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Flowing or uttered without check,
obstruction, or hesitation; not harsh; voluble; even;
fluent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The only <i>smooth</i> poet of those
times.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Waller was <i>smooth</i>; but Dryden taught to join<BR>
The varying verse, the full-resounding line.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When sage Minerva rose,<BR>
From her sweet lips <i>smooth</i> elocution flows.</blockquote>
<i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Bland; mild; smoothing;
fattering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>smooth</i> discourse and mild behavior oft<BR>
Conceal a traitor.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mech. & Physics)</i> <def>Causing no
resistance to a body sliding along its surface;
frictionless.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Smooth</i> is often used in the formation of
selfexplaining compounds; as, <i>smooth</i>-bodied, <i>smooth</i>-
browed, <i>smooth</i>-combed, <i>smooth</i>-faced, <i>smooth</i>-
finished, <i>smooth</i>-gliding, <i>smooth</i>-grained, <i>smooth</i>-
leaved, <i>smooth</i>-sliding, <i>smooth</i>-speaking, <i>smooth</i>-
woven, and the like.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Even; plain; level; flat; polished; glossy; sleek;
soft; bland; mild; soothing; voluble; flattering; adulatory;
deceptive.</p>

<p><hw>Smooth</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Smoothly.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Smooth</i> runs the water where the brook is
deep.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smooth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of making smooth; a stroke which smooths.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is smooth; the smooth part of
anything.</def> "The <i>smooth</i> of his neck."  <i>Gen. xxvii.
16.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smooth</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Smoothed</u> (sm&oomac;thd); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Smoothing</u>.] [OE. <i>smothen</i>, <i>smethen</i>,
AS. <i>sm&emacr;&eth;ian</i>; cf. LG. <i>sm&ouml;den</i>. See
<u>Smooth</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To make smooth; to make even
on the surface by any means; as, to <i>smooth</i> a board with a
plane; to <i>smooth</i> cloth with an iron.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To free from obstruction; to make
easy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou, Abelard! the last sad office pay,<BR>
And <i>smooth</i> my passage to the realms of day.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To free from harshness; to make
flowing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In their motions harmony divine<BR>
So <i>smooths</i> her charming tones that God's own ear<BR>
Listens delighted.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To palliate; to gloze; as, to
<i>smooth</i> over a fault.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To give a smooth or calm appearance
to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each perturbation <i>smoothed</i> with outward
calm.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>To ease; to regulate.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smooth</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To flatter; to use
blandishment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Because I can not flatter and speak fair,<BR>
Smile in men's faces, <i>smooth</i>, deceive and cog.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smooth"bore`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Gun.)</i>
<def>Having a bore of perfectly smooth surface; -- distinguished from
<i>rifled</i>.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A smoothbore
firearm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smooth"-chinned`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
smooth chin; beardless.</def>  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smooth"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
smooth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Smooth"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, smooths.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smooth"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> <def>fr.
<u>Smooth</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Smoothing iron</b></col>, <cd>an iron instrument with a
polished face, for smoothing clothes; a sadiron; a flatiron.</cd> --
<col><b>Smoothing plane</b></col>, <cd>a short, finely set plane, for
smoothing and finishing work.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Smooth"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a smooth
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smooth"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state of
being smooth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smooth"-spo`ken</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Speaking
smoothly; plausible; flattering; smooth-tongued.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smooth"-tongued`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
smooth tongue; plausible; flattering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smore</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To smother. See
<u>Smoor</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Some dying vomit blood, and some were
<i>smored</i>.</blockquote> <i>Du Bartas.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Smor*zan"do</hw> (?), <hw>||Smor*sa"to</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Growing gradually
fainter and softer; dying away; morendo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smote</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. (&and; rare p. p.)</i></pos>
of <u>Smite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smo"ter*lich</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [CF. <u>Smut</u>.]
<def>Dirty; foul.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smoth"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Smothered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Smothering</u>.] [OE. <i>smotheren</i>; akin to E. <i>smoor</i>.
See <u>Smoor</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To destroy the life of by
suffocation; to deprive of the air necessary for life; to cover up
closely so as to prevent breathing; to suffocate; as, to
<i>smother</i> a child.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To affect as by suffocation; to stife; to
deprive of air by a thick covering, as of ashes, of smoke, or the
like; as, to <i>smother</i> a fire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to repress the action of; to cover
from public view; to suppress; to conceal; as, to <i>smother</i> one's
displeasure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smoth"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be suffocated or stifled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To burn slowly, without sufficient air; to
smolder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smoth"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>smorther</i>. See
<u>Smother</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Stifling smoke; thick dust.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A state of suppression.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Not to keep their suspicions in
<i>smother</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Smother fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an
aphid.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Smoth"er*i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being smothery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smoth"er*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
smothering manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smoth"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
smother; stifling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smouch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Akin to
<i>smack</i>.] <def>To kiss closely.</def> [Obs.]  <i>P.
Stubbes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smouch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Smutch</u>.]
<def>To smutch; to soil; as, to <i>smouch</i> the face.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smouch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dark soil or stain; a
smutch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smoul"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Smolder</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smoul"dry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Smoldry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smudge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan. <i>smuds</i>
smut, E. <i>smutch</i>, or <i>smoke</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
suffocating smoke.</def>  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A heap of damp combustibles partially
ignited and burning slowly, placed on the windward side of a house,
tent, or the like, in order, by the thick smoke, to keep off
mosquitoes or other insects.</def> [U. S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is smeared upon anything; a
stain; a blot; a smutch; a smear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smudge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Smudged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Smudging</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stifle or smother with
smoke; to smoke by means of a smudge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To smear; to smutch; to soil; to blacken
with smoke.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smudg"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being smudged, soiled, or blurred.</def>  <i>C. A.
Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smug</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Of. Scand. or Low German
origin; cf. LG. <i>smuck</i>, G. <i>schmuck</i>, Dan. <i>smuk</i>,
OSw. <i>smuck</i>, <i>sm&ouml;ck</i>, and E. <i>smock</i>,
<i>smuggle</i>; cf. G. <i>schmuck</i> ornament. See <u>Smock</u>.]
<def>Studiously neat or nice, especially in dress; spruce; affectedly
precise; smooth and prim.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They be so <i>smug</i> and smooth.</blockquote>
<i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>smug</i> and scanty draperies of his
style.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A young, <i>smug</i>, handsome holiness has no
fellow.</blockquote> <i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smug</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Smugged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Smugging</u>.] <def>To make smug, or spruce.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thus said, he <i>smugged</i> his beard, and stroked up
fair.</blockquote> <i>Dryton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smug"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Smuggled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Smuggling</u> (?).] [Of Low German or Scand. origin; cf. LG.
<i>smuggeln</i>, D. <i>smokkelen</i>, G. <i>schmuggeln</i>, Dan.
<i>smugle</i>, Sw. <i>smyga</i> to introduce or convey secretly, Dan.
<i>i smug</i> secretly, D. <i>smuigen</i> to eat in secret, AS.
<i>sm&?;gan</i> to creep. See <u>Smock</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To import or export secretly, contrary to the law; to import or
export without paying the duties imposed by law; as, to <i>smuggle</i>
lace.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To convey or introduce
clandestinely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smug"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To import or export
in violation of the customs laws.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smug"gler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who smuggles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vessel employed in smuggling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smug"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a smug
manner.</def> [R.]  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smug"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being smug.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smut</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to Sw. <i>smuts</i>,
Dan. <i>smuds</i>, MHG. <i>smuz</i>, G. <i>schmutz</i>, D. <i>smet</i>
a spot or stain, <i>smoddig</i>, <i>smodsig</i>, <i>smodderig</i>,
dirty, <i>smodderen</i> to smut; and probably to E. <i>smite</i>. See
<u>Smite</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Smitt</u>,
<u>Smutch</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Foul matter, like soot or coal
dust; also, a spot or soil made by such matter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Bad, soft coal, containing
much earthy matter, found in the immediate locality of
faults.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An affection of cereal grains
producing a swelling which is at length resolved into a powdery sooty
mass. It is caused by parasitic fungi of the genus <i>Ustilago</i>.
<i>Ustilago segetum</i>, or <i>U. Carbo</i>, is the commonest kind;
that of Indian corn is <i>Ustilago maydis</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Obscene language; ribaldry;
obscenity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He does not stand upon decency . . . but will talk
<i>smut</i>, <i>though a priest and his mother be in the
room</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Smut mill</b></col>, <cd>a machine for cleansing grain from
smut.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Smut</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Smutted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Smutting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stain or mark with smut;
to blacken with coal, soot, or other dirty substance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To taint with mildew, as grain.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To blacken; to sully or taint; to
tarnish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To clear of smut; as, to <i>smut</i> grain
for the mill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smut</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
gather smut; to be converted into smut; to become smutted.</def>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give off smut; to crock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smutch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. for <i>smuts</i>.
See <u>Smut</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A stain; a dirty
spot.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smutch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Smutched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Smutching</u>.] <def>To blacken with smoke, soot, or coal.</def>
[Written also <i>smooch</i>.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smutch"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Snuff.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smut"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Smuttier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Smuttiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Soiled with smut; smutted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tainted with mildew; as, <i>smutty</i>
corn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Obscene; not modest or pure; as, a
<i>smutty</i> saying.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>smutty</i> joke, ridiculously lewd.</blockquote>
<i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Smut"ti*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Smut"ti*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Smyr"ni*ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Smyrna.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant
of Smyrna.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snack</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Snatch</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A share; a part or
portion; -- obsolete, except in the colloquial phrase, <i>to go
snacks</i>, i. e., to share.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At last he whispers, "Do, and we <i>go
snacks</i>."</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A slight, hasty repast.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Snack"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Snecket</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Snac"ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Said to be corrupted
fr. NL. <i>syngnathus</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>sy`n</grk> together +
<grk>gna`qos</grk> jaw, because the jaws can be only slightly
separated.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A pipefish of the genus
<i>Syngnathus</i>. See <u>Pipefish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snaf"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>snavel</i> a
beak, bill, snout; akin to G. <i>schnabel</i>, OHG. <i>snabul</i>,.
<i>sneb</i>, <i>snebbe</i>, OFries. <i>snavel</i> mouth, Dan. & Sw.
<i>snabel</i> beak, bill, Lith. <i>snapas</i>, and to E. <i>snap</i>,
v. See <u>Snap</u>, and cf. <u>Neb</u>.] <def>A kind of bridle bit,
having a joint in the part to be placed in the mouth, and rings and
cheek pieces at the ends, but having no curb; -- called also
<i>snaffle bit</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snaf"fle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snaffled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snaffling</u> (?).] <def>To put a snaffle in the mouth of; to
subject to the snaffle; to bridle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snag</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E., n., a lump on a
tree where a branch has been cut off; v., to cut off the twigs and
small branches from a tree, of Celtic origin; cf. Gael. <i>snaigh</i>,
<i>snaidh</i>, to cut down, to prune, to sharpen, p. p.
<i>snaighte</i>, <i>snaidhte</i>, cut off, lopped, Ir. <i>snaigh</i> a
hewing, cutting.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stump or base of a branch
that has been lopped off; a short branch, or a sharp or rough branch;
a knot; a protuberance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The coat of arms<BR>
Now on a naked <i>snag</i> in triumph borne.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tooth projecting beyond the rest;
contemptuously, a broken or decayed tooth.</def>  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A tree, or a branch of a tree, fixed in the
bottom of a river or other navigable water, and rising nearly or quite
to the surface, by which boats are sometimes pierced and
sunk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the secondary
branches of an antler.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Snag boat</b></col>, <cd>a steamboat fitted with apparatus
for removing snags and other obstructions in navigable streams.</cd>
[U.S.] -- <col><b>Snag tooth</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Snag</u>,
2.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>How thy <i>snag teeth</i> stand orderly,<BR>
Like stakes which strut by the water side.</blockquote> <i>J.
Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snag</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snagged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snagging</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut the snags or
branches from, as the stem of a tree; to hew roughly.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To injure or destroy, as a steamboat or
other vessel, by a snag, or projecting part of a sunken tree.</def>
[U. S.]</p>

<p> </p>

<p><hw>Snag"ged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of snags;
snaggy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snag"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of snags; full of short, rough branches or sharp points;
abounding with knots.</def> "Upon a <i>snaggy</i> oak."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Snappish; cross; ill-tempered.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Snail</hw> (sn&amacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>snaile</i>, AS. <i>sn&aelig;gel</i>, <i>snegel</i>,
<i>sn&aelig;gl</i>; akin to G. <i>schnecke</i>, OHG. <i>snecko</i>,
Dan. <i>snegl</i>, Icel. <i>snigill</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any one of numerous
species of terrestrial air-breathing gastropods belonging to the genus
Helix and many allied genera of the family <i>Helicid&aelig;</i>. They
are abundant in nearly all parts of the world except the arctic
regions, and feed almost entirely on vegetation; a land snail.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any gastropod having a general resemblance to
the true snails, including fresh-water and marine species. See <i>Pond
snail</i>, under <u>Pond</u>, and <u>Sea snail</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a drone; a slow-moving person or
thing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A spiral cam, or a flat
piece of metal of spirally curved outline, used for giving motion to,
or changing the position of, another part, as the hammer tail of a
striking clock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A tortoise; in ancient warfare, a movable
roof or shed to protect besiegers; a testudo.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They had also all manner of gynes [engines] . . . that
needful is [in] taking or sieging of castle or of city, as
<i>snails</i>, that was naught else but hollow pavises and targets,
under the which men, when they fought, were heled [protected], . . .
as the <i>snail</i> is in his house; therefore they cleped them
<i>snails</i>.</blockquote> <i>Vegetius (Trans.).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The pod of the sanil
clover.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ear snail</b></col>, <col><b>Edible snail</b></col>,
<col><b>Pond snail</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under <u>Ear</u>,
<u>Edible</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Snail borer</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a boring univalve mollusk; a drill.</cd> --
<col><b>Snail clover</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a cloverlike plant
(<i>Medicago scuttellata</i>, also, <i>M. Helix</i>); -- so named from
its pods, which resemble the shells of snails; -- called also <i>snail
trefoil</i>, <i>snail medic</i>, and <i>beehive</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Snail flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a leguminous plant
(<i>Phaseolus Caracalla</i>) having the keel of the carolla spirally
coiled like a snail shell.</cd> -- <col><b>Snail shell</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the shell of snail.</cd> -- <col><b>Snail
trefoil</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <i>Snail clover</i>,
above.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Snail"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Sea snail</u> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1361 !></p>

<p><hw>Snail"-like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like or
suiting a snail; as, <i>snail-like</i> progress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snail"-like`</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner of
a snail; slowly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snail"-paced`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slow-moving,
like a snail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bid the <i>snail-paced</i> Ajax arm for
shame.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>'Snails</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>God's nails,
or His nails, that is, the nails with which the Savior was fastened to
the cross; -- an ancient form of oath, corresponding to '<i>Od's
bodikins</i> (dim. of <i>body</i>, i.e., God's dear body).</def>
<i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snake</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>snaca</i>; akin to
LG. <i>snake</i>, <i>schnake</i>, Icel. <i>sn&amacr;kr</i>,
<i>sn&?;kr</i>, Dan. <i>snog</i>, Sw. <i>snok</i>; of uncertain
origin.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of the order Ophidia; an
ophidian; a serpent, whether harmless or venomous. See <u>Ophidia</u>,
and <u>Serpent</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Snakes are abundant in all warm countries, and much the
larger number are harmless to man.</p>

<p><col><b>Blind snake</b></col>, <col><b>Garter snake</b></col>,
<col><b>Green snake</b></col>, <col><b>King snake</b></col>,
<col><b>Milk snake</b></col>, <col><b>Rock snake</b></col>,
<col><b>Water snake</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under <u>Blind</u>,
<u>Garter</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Fetich snake</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large African snake (<i>Python
Seb&aelig;</i>) used by the natives as a fetich.</cd> --
<col><b>Ringed snake</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a common
European columbrine snake (<i>Tropidonotus natrix</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Snake eater</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The markhoor</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The secretary
bird.</cd> -- <col><b>Snake fence</b></col>, <cd>a worm fence (which
see).</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>Snake fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any one of several species of neuropterous insects of the genus
<i>Rhaphidia</i>; -- so called because of their large head and
elongated neck and prothorax.</cd> -- <col><b>Snake gourd</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a cucurbitaceous plant (<i>Trichosanthes
anguina</i>) having the fruit shorter and less snakelike than that of
the serpent cucumber.</cd> -- <col><b>Snake killer</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The secretary bird</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The chaparral cock.</cd> -- <col><b>Snake
moss</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the common club moss (<i>Lycopodium
clavatum</i>). See <u>Lycopodium</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Snake
nut</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the fruit of a sapindaceous tree
(<i>Ophiocaryon paradoxum</i>) of Guiana, the embryo of which
resembles a snake coiled up.</cd> -- <col><b>Tree snake</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species of colubrine
snakes which habitually live in trees, especially those of the genus
<i>Dendrophis</i> and allied genera.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Snake</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snaked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snaking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To drag or draw, as a snake
from a hole; -- often with <i>out</i>.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To wind round spirally, as a
large rope with a smaller, or with cord, the small rope lying in the
spaces between the strands of the large one; to worm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snake</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To crawl like a
snake.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snake"bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named from its
snakelike neck.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any one
of four species of aquatic birds of the genus <i>Anhinga</i> or
<i>Plotus</i>. They are allied to the gannets and cormorants, but have
very long, slender, flexible necks, and sharp bills.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The American species (<i>Anhinga, or Plotus, anhinga</i>)
inhabits the Southern United States and tropical America; -- called
also <i>darter</i>, and <i>water turkey</i>. The Asiatic species
(<i>A. melanogaster</i>) is native of Southern Asia and the East
Indies. Two other species inhabit Africa and Australia
respectively.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The wryneck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snake"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The band fish.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The lizard fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snake"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A loose, bent-up end of one of the strap rails, or flat rails,
formerly used on American railroads. It was sometimes so bent by the
passage of a train as to slip over a wheel and pierce the bottom of a
car.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
turtlehead.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The Guinea-hen flower. See
<u>Snake's-head</u>, and under <u>Guinea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snake"neck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The snakebird, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snake"root`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any one of several plants of different genera and species, most
of which are (or were formerly) reputed to be efficacious as remedies
for the bites of serpents; also, the roots of any of these.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Virginia snakeroot is <i>Aristolochia Serpentaria</i>;
black snakeroot is <i>Sanicula</i>, esp. <i>S. Marilandica</i>, also
<i>Cimicifuga racemosa</i>; Seneca snakeroot is <i>Polygala
Senega</i>; button snakeroot is <i>Liatris</i>, also <i>Eryngium</i>;
white snakeroot is <i>Eupatorium ageratoides</i>. The name is also
applied to some others besides these.</p>

<p><hw>Snake's"-head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The Guinea-hen flower; -- so called in England because its
spotted petals resemble the scales of a snake's head.</def>  <i>Dr.
Prior.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Snake's-head iris</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an
iridaceous plant (<i>Hermodactylus tuberosus</i>) of the Mediterranean
region. The flowers slightly resemble a serpent's open mouth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Snake"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A kind of hone slate or whetstone obtained in Scotland.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An ammonite; -- so called
from its form, which resembles that of a coiled snake.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snake's-tongue`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Adder's-tongue</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snake"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A kind of knotweed (<i>Polygonum
Bistorta</i>).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The Virginia snakeroot.
See <u>Snakeroot</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snake"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An East Indian climbing plant (<i>Strychnos
colubrina</i>) having a bitter taste, and supposed to be a remedy for
the bite of the hooded serpent.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An East
Indian climbing shrub (<i>Ophioxylon serpentinum</i>) which has the
roots and stems twisted so as to resemble serpents.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Same as <u>Trumpetwood</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A tropical American shrub (<i>Plumieria
rubra</i>) which has very fragrant red blossoms.</def>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>Same as <u>Letterwood</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snak"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
qualities or characteristics of a snake; snaky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snak"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to a snake or snakes; resembling a snake;
serpentine; winding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The red light playing upon its gilt and carving gave it
an appearance of <i>snaky</i> life.</blockquote> <i>L.
Wallace.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sly; cunning; insinuating;
deceitful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So to the coast of Jordan he directs<BR>
His easy steps, girded with <i>snaky</i> wiles.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Covered with serpents; having serpents; as,
a <i>snaky</i> rod or wand.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>snaky</i>-headed, Gorgon shield.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snap</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snapped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snapping</u>.] [LG. or D. <i>snappen</i> to snap up, to snatch;
akin to G. <i>schnappen</i>, MHG. <i>snaben</i>, Dan. <i>snappe</i>,
and to D. <i>snavel</i> beak, bill.  Cf. <u>Neb</u>, <u>Snaffle</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To break at once; to
break short, as substances that are brittle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Breaks the doors open, <i>snaps</i> the
locks.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike, to hit, or to shut, with a sharp
sound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bite or seize suddenly, especially with
the teeth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He, by playing too often at the mouth of death, has
been <i>snapped</i> by it at last.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To break upon suddenly with sharp, angry
words; to treat snappishly; -- usually with <i>up</i>.</def>
<i>Granville.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To crack; to cause to make a sharp,
cracking noise; as, to <i>snap</i> a whip.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>MacMorian <i>snapped</i> his fingers
repeatedly.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To project with a snap.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To snap back</b></col> <i>(Football)</i>, <cd>to roll the
ball back with the foot; -- done only by the center rush, who thus
delivers the ball to the quarter back on his own side when both sides
are ranged in line.</cd> -- <col><b>To snap off</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To break suddenly</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To bite off suddenly.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Snap</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
break short, or at once; to part asunder suddenly; as, a mast
<i>snaps</i>; a needle <i>snaps</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But this weapon will <i>snap</i> short, unfaithful to
the hand that employs it.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give forth, or produce, a sharp,
cracking noise; to crack; as, blazing firewood <i>snaps</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make an effort to bite; to aim to seize
with the teeth; to catch eagerly (at anything); -- often with
<i>at</i>; as, a dog <i>snaps</i>at a passenger; a fish <i>snaps</i>
at the bait.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To utter sharp, harsh, angry words; --
often with <i>at</i>; as, to <i>snap</i> at a child.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To miss fire; as, the gun
<i>snapped</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snap</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>snap</i> a
snatching. See <u>Snap</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sudden breaking or rupture of any
substance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sudden, eager bite; a sudden seizing, or
effort to seize, as with the teeth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sudden, sharp motion or blow, as with the
finger sprung from the thumb, or the thumb from the finger.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A sharp, abrupt sound, as that made by the
crack of a whip; as, the <i>snap</i> of the trigger of a
gun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A greedy fellow.</def>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>That which is, or may be, snapped up;
something bitten off, seized, or obtained by a single quick movement;
hence, a bite, morsel, or fragment; a scrap.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He's a nimble fellow,<BR>
And alike skilled in every liberal science,<BR>
As having certain <i>snaps</i> of all.</blockquote> <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A sudden severe interval or spell; --
applied to the weather; as, a cold <i>snap</i>.</def>
  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A small catch or fastening held or closed
by means of a spring, or one which closes with a snapping sound, as
the catch of a bracelet, necklace, clasp of a book, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A snap
beetle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A thin, crisp cake, usually small, and
flavored with ginger; -- used chiefly in the plural.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Briskness; vigor; energy; decision.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>Any circumstance out of which money may be
made or an advantage gained.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>Snap back</b></col> <i>(Football)</i>, <cd>the act of
snapping back the ball.</cd> -- <col><b>Snap beetle</b></col>, or
<col><b>Snap bug</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any beetle of the
family <i>Elaterid&aelig;</i>, which, when laid on its back, is able
to leap to a considerable height by means of a thoracic spring; --
called also <i>snapping beetle</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Snap
flask</b></col> <i>(Molding)</i>, <cd>a flask for small work, having
its sides separable and held together by latches, so that the flask
may be removed from around the sand mold.</cd> -- <col><b>Snap
judgment</b></col>, <cd>a judgment formed on the instant without
deliberation.</cd> -- <col><b>Snap lock</b></col>, <cd>a lock shutting
with a catch or snap.</cd> -- <col><b>Snap riveting</b></col>,
<cd>riveting in which the rivets have snapheads formed by a die or
swaging tool.</cd> -- <col><b>Snap shot</b></col>, <cd>a quick offhand
shot, without deliberately taking aim.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Snap"drag`on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any plant of the
scrrophulariaceous genus <i>Antirrhinum</i>, especially the cultivated
<i>A. majus</i>, whose showy flowers are fancifully likened to the
face of a dragon.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A West Indian herb
(<i>Ruellia tuberosa</i>) with curiously shaped blue
flowers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A play in which raisins are snatched from a
vessel containing burning brandy, and eaten; also, that which is so
eaten. See <u>Flapdragon</u>.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snape</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>
<def>To bevel the end of a timber to fit against an inclined
surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snap"hance`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>snaphaan</i>
a gun, originally, the snapping cock of a gun. See <u>Snap</u>, and
<u>Hen</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A spring lock for discharging a
firearm; also, the firearm to which it is attached.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A trifling or second-rate thing or
person.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Snap"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hemispherical
or rounded head to a rivet or bolt; also, a swaging tool with a cavity
in its face for forming such a rounded head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snap"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, snaps; as, a <i>snapper</i> up of
trifles; the <i>snapper</i> of a whip.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
species of large sparoid food fishes of the genus <i>Lutjanus</i>,
abundant on the southern coasts of the United States and on both
coasts of tropical America.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The red snapper (<i>Lutjanus aya, or Blackfordi</i>) and the
gray, or mangrove, snapper (<i>L. griseus</i>) are large and abundant
species. The name is loosely applied to various other fishes, as the
bluefish, the rosefish, the red grouper, etc. See <u>Rosefish</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A snapping turtle; as,
the alligator <i>snapper</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The green woodpecker,
or yaffle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A snap
beetle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snap"ping</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Snap</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Snapping beetle</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Snap beetle</i>, under <u>Snap</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Snapping
turtle</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A large
and voracious aquatic turtle (<i>Chelydra serpentina</i>) common in
the fresh waters of the United States; -- so called from its habit of
seizing its prey by a snap of its jaws. Called also <i>mud
turtle</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>See <i>Alligator snapper</i>,
under <u>Alligator</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Snap"pish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Apt to snap at persons or things; eager to bite; as, a
<i>snapping</i> cur.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sharp in reply; apt to speak angrily or
testily; easily provoked; tart; peevish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The taunting address of a <i>snappish</i>
misanthrope.</blockquote> <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Snap"pish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Snap"pish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Snap"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Snappish.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Snap"sack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sw.
<i>snapps&auml;ck</i>, G. <i>schnappsack</i>.] <def>A knapsack.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snap"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Impatiens</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snar</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Akin to LG. & OD.
<i>snarren</i>, G. <i>schnarren</i>, E. <i>snore</i>. See
<u>Snore</u>, and cf. <u>Snarl</u> to growl.] <def>To snarl.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snare</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>snear</i>a cord, a
string; akin to D. <i>snoer</i>, G. <i>schnur</i>, OHG. <i>snour</i> a
cord, <i>snarahha</i> a noose, Dan. <i>snare</i>, Sw. & Icel.
<i>snara</i>, Goth. <i>sn&?;rj&?;</i> a basket; and probably also to
E. <i>needle</i>. See <u>Needle</u>, and cf. <u>Snarl</u> to
entangle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A contrivance, often consisting of
a noose of cord, or the like, by which a bird or other animal may be
entangled and caught; a trap; a gin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, anything by which one is entangled
and brought into trouble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If thou retire, the Dauphin, well appointed,<BR>
Stands with the <i>snares</i> of war to tangle thee.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The gut or string stretched across the
lower head of a drum.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An instrument, consisting
usually of a wireloop or noose, for removing tumors, etc., by
avulsion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Snare drum</b></col>, <cd>the smaller common military drum,
as distinguished from the <i>bass drum</i>; -- so called because (in
order to render it more resonant) it has stretched across its lower
head a catgut string or strings.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Snare</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snaring</u>.] <def>To catch with a snare; to insnare; to entangle;
hence, to bring into unexpected evil, perplexity, or danger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest that too heavenly form . . . <i>snare</i>
them.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The mournful crocodile<BR>
With sorrow <i>snares</i> relenting passengers.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snar"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who lays
snares, or entraps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snarl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snarled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vvb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snarling</u>.] [Etymol. uncertain.] <def>To form raised work upon
the outer surface of (thin metal ware) by the repercussion of a
snarling iron upon the inner surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snarl</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From <u>Snare</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To entangle; to
complicate; to involve in knots; as, to <i>snarl</i> a skein of
thread.</def> "Her <i>snarled</i> hair."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To embarrass; to insnare.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[The] question that they would have <i>snarled</i> him
with.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snarl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A knot or complication of
hair, thread, or the like, difficult to disentangle; entanglement;
hence, intricate complication; embarrassing difficulty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snarl</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [From <u>Snar</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To growl, as an angry or surly dog; to gnarl;
to utter grumbling sounds.</def> "An angry cur <i>snarls</i> while he
feeds."  <i>Dryden & Lee.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To speak crossly; to talk in rude, surly
terms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is malicious and unmanly to <i>snarl</i> at the
little lapses of a pen, from which Virgil himself stands not
exempted.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snarl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of snarling; a
growl; a surly or peevish expression; an angry contention.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snarl"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who snarls; a
surly, growling animal; a grumbling, quarrelsome fellow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snarl"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes use of a
snarling iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snarl"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Snarl</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Snarling iron</b></col>, <cd>a tool with a long beak, used
in the process of snarling. When one end is held in a vise, and the
shank is struck with a hammer, the repercussion of the other end, or
beak, within the article worked upon gives the requisite blow for
producing raised work. See 1st <u>Snarl</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Snar"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Snare</u>.]
<def>Resembling, or consisting of, snares; entangling;
insidious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Spiders in the vault their <i>snary</i> webs have
spread.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Snite</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>The snuff, or burnt wick, of a
candle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snatch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snatched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snatching</u>.] [OE. <i>snachen</i>, <i>snechen</i>; akin to D.
<i>snakken</i> to gasp, to long (for), to desire.  Cf. <u>Snack</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Sneck</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take
or seize hastily, abruptly, or without permission or ceremony; as, to
<i>snatch</i> a loaf or a kiss.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When half our knowledge we must <i>snatch</i>, not
take.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To seize and transport away; to rap.</def>
"<i>Snatch</i> me to heaven."  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To twitch; pluck; grab; catch; grasp; gripe.</p>

<p><hw>Snatch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To attempt to seize
something suddenly; to catch; -- often with <i>at</i>; as, to
<i>snatch</i> at a rope.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1362 !></p>

<p><hw>Snatch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
hasty catching or seizing; a grab; a catching at, or attempt to seize,
suddenly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A short period of vigorous action; as, a
<i>snatch</i> at weeding after a shower.</def>  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They move by fits and <i>snatches</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small piece, fragment, or quantity; a
broken part; a scrap.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have often little <i>snatches</i> of
sunshine.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Leave me your <i>snatches</i>, and yield me a direct
answer.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snatch block</hw> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <def>a kind of block with an
opening in one side to receive the bight of a rope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snatch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who snatches,
or takes abruptly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snatch"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By snatching;
abruptly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snath</hw> (sn&abreve;th), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>sn&imacr;&eth;an</i> to cut, to mow, <i>sn&aemacr;d</i> a bite,
bit, snip.] <def>The handle of a scythe; a snead.</def> [Variously
written in England <i>snead</i>, <i>sneed</i>, <i>sneath</i>,
<i>sneeth</i>, <i>snathe</i>, etc.; in Scotland written
<i>sned</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Snathe</hw> (sn&amacr;&thlig;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
Icel. <i>snei&eth;a</i> to cut into alices, <i>sn&imacr;&eth;a</i> to
cut; akin to AS. be<i>sn&aemacr;dan</i>, <i>sn&imacr;&eth;an</i>, G.
<i>schneiden</i>, OHG. <i>sn&imacr;dan</i>, Goth. <i>snei&thorn;an</i>
to cut, to reap, and E. <i>snath</i>, <i>snithe</i>.] <def>To lop; to
prune.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Snat"tock</hw> (sn&abreve;t"t&ubreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See <u>Snathe</u>.] <def>A chip; a slice.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Gayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snaw</hw> (sn&add;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Snow.</def>
[Obs. or Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snead</hw> (sn&emacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Snath</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A snath.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A line or cord; a string.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sneak</hw> (sn&emacr;k), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sneaked</u> (sn&emacr;kt); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sneaking</u>.] [OE. <i>sniken</i>, AS.
<i>sn&imacr;can</i> to creep; akin to Dan. <i>snige sig</i>; cf. Icel.
<i>sn&imacr;kja</i> to hanker after.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To creep
or steal (away or about) privately; to come or go meanly, as a person
afraid or ashamed to be seen; as, to <i>sneak</i> away from
company.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>You skulked behind the fence, and <i>sneaked</i>
away.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To act in a stealthy and cowardly manner;
to behave with meanness and servility; to crouch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sneak</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To hide, esp. in a
mean or cowardly manner.</def> [Obs.] "[Slander]  <i>sneaks</i> its
head."  <i>Wake.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sneak</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
mean, sneaking fellow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A set of simpletons and superstitious
<i>sneaks</i>.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Cricket)</i> <def>A ball bowled so as to
roll along the ground; -- called also <i>grub</i>.</def> [Cant]  <i>R.
A. Proctor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sneak"-cup`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who sneaks
from his cups; one who balks his glass.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sneak"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who sneaks.</def>  <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vessel of drink.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>sneaker</i> of five gallons.</blockquote>
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sneak"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being sneaky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sneak"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Marked by cowardly
concealment; deficient in openness and courage; underhand; mean;
crouching.</def> -- <wf>Sneak"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sneak"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sneaks"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A paltry fellow;
a sneak.</def> [Obs.] "Such a bashful <i>sneaksby</i>."
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sneak"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Like a sneak;
sneaking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sneap</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>sneypa</i> to dishonor, disgrace, chide, but also E. <i>snip</i>,
and <i>snub</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To check; to reprimand; to
rebuke; to chide.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To nip; to blast; to blight.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Biron is like an envious, <i>sneaping</i>
frost.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sneap</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A reprimand; a
rebuke.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My lord, I will not undergo this <i>sneap</i> without
reply.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sneath</hw> (?), <hw>Sneathe</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Snath</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sneb</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Snib</u>.]
<def>To reprimand; to sneap.</def> [Obs.] "Scold and <i>sneb</i> the
good oak."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sneck</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Snatch</u>.]
<def>To fasten by a hatch; to latch, as a door.</def> [Scot. & Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Sneck up</b></col>, <cd>be silent; shut up; hold your
peace.</cd>
  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sneck</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A door latch.</def>
[Scot. & Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Sneck band</b></col>, <cd>a latchstring.</cd> <i>Burns.</i>
-- <col><b>Sneck drawer</b></col>, <cd>a latch lifter; a bolt drawer;
hence, a sly person; a cozener; a cheat; -- called also
<i>sneckdraw</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sneck drawing</b></col>, <cd>lifting
the latch.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sneck"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A door latch, or
sneck.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sned</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lop; to
snathe.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sned</hw> (?), <hw>Sneed</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Snath</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sneer</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sneered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sneering</u>.] [OE. <i>sneren</i>, Dan. <i>sn&?;rre</i> to snarl or
grin (like a dog); cf. Prov. E. <i>sneer</i> to grin, <i>sner</i> to
snort, <i>snert</i> to sneer at. See <u>Snore</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To show contempt by turning up
the nose, or by a particular facial expression.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inssinuate contempt by a covert
expression; to speak derisively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I could be content to be a little <i>sneared</i>
at.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To show mirth awkwardly.</def> [R.]
<i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To scoff; gibe; jeer.  -- <u>Sneer</u>,
<u>Scoff</u>, <u>Jeer</u>. The verb to <i>sneer</i> implies to cast
contempt indirectly or by covert expressions. To <i>jeer</i> is
stronger, and denotes the use of several sarcastic reflections. To
<i>scoff</i> is stronger still, implying the use of insolent mockery
and derision.</p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>sneers</i> as learnedly as they,<BR>
Like females o'er their morning tea.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Midas, exposed to all their <i>jeers</i>,<BR>
Had lost his art, and kept his ears.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The fop, with learning at defiance,<BR>
<i>Scoffs</i> at the pedant and science.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sneer</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
utter with a grimace or contemptuous expression; to utter with a
sneer; to say sneeringly; as, to <i>sneer</i> fulsome lies at a
person.</def>  <i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>"A ship of fools," he <i>sneered</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To treat with sneers; to affect or move by
sneers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor <i>sneered</i> nor bribed from virtue into
shame.</blockquote> <i>Savage.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sneer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of sneering.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A smile, grin, or contortion of the face,
indicative of contempt; an indirect expression or insinuation of
contempt.</def> "Who can refute a <i>sneer</i>?"  <i>Raley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sneer"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
sneers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sneer"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Given to
sneering.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sneer"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sneering
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sneeze</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sneezed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sneezing</u>.] [OE. <i>snesen</i>; of uncertain origin; cf. D.
<i>snuse</i> to sniff, E. <i>neese</i>, and AS.
<i>fne&oacute;san</i>.] <def>To emit air, chiefly through the nose,
audibly and violently, by a kind of involuntary convulsive force,
occasioned by irritation of the inner membrane of the nose.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Not to be sneezed at</b></col>, <cd>not to be despised or
contemned; not to be treated lightly.</cd> [Colloq.] "He had to do
with old women who were <i>not to be sneezed at</i>."  <i>Prof.
Wilson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sneeze</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sudden and violent
ejection of air with an audible sound, chiefly through the
nose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sneeze"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A yellow-flowered composite plant (<i>Helenium autumnale</i>) the
odor of which is said to cause sneezing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sneeze"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The wood of a South African tree. See <u>Neishout</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sneeze"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A European herbaceous plant (<i>Achillea Ptarmica</i>) allied to
the yarrow, having a strong, pungent smell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sneez"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The
act of violently forcing air out through the nasal passages while the
cavity of the mouth is shut off from the pharynx by the approximation
of the soft palate and the base of the tongue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snell</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>snell</i>; akin to
D. <i>snel</i>, G. <i>schnell</i>, OHG. <i>snel</i>, Icel.
<i>snjallr</i> valiant.] <def>Active; brisk; nimble; quick;
sharp.</def> [Archaic or Prov. Eng. & Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That horny-handed, <i>snell</i>, peremptory little
man.</blockquote> <i>Dr. J. Brown.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snell</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A short line of
horsehair, gut, etc., by which a fishhook is attached to a longer
line.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>schnitt</i> that
which is cut, fr. <i>schneiden</i> to cut, E. <i>snath</i>.] <def>The
fat of a deer.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Snet</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Snot</u>.] <def>The
clear of mucus; to blow.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Snetting</i> his nose."
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snew</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To snow; to
abound.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>snewed</i> in his house of meat and
drink.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snib</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>snibben</i>; cf.
Dan. <i>snibbe</i>, and E. <i>snub</i>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>To check; to sneap; to sneb.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Him would he <i>snib</i> sharply for the
nones.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snib</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A reprimand; a snub.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snick</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>snick</i> a
notch; cf. Icel. <i>snikka</i> nick, cut.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
small cut or mark.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Cricket)</i> <def>A slight hit or tip of the
ball, often unintentional.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Fiber)</i> <def>A knot or irregularity in
yarn.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Furriery)</i> <def>A snip or cut, as in the
hair of a beast.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Snick and snee</b></col> [cf. D. <i>snee</i>, <i>snede</i>,
a cut], <cd>a combat with knives.</cd> [Obs.]  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snick</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snicked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snicking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut slightly; to strike,
or strike off, as by cutting.</def>  <i>H. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Cricket)</i> <def>To hit (a ball)
lightly.</def>  <i>R. A. Proctor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snick</hw>, <pos><i>n. & v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sneck</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]</p>

<p><col><b>Snick up</b></col>, <cd>shut up; silenced. See <i>Sneck
up</i>, under <u>Sneck</u>.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Give him money, George, and let him go <i>snick
up</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beau. & Fl.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Snick"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snickered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snickering</u>.] [Cf. D. <i>snikken</i> to sob, to sigh.] [Written
also <i>snigger</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To laugh slyly; to laugh
in one's sleeve.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To laugh with audible catches of voice, as
when persons attempt to suppress loud laughter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snick"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A half suppressed,
broken laugh.</def> [Written also <i>snigger</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Snide</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tricky; deceptive;
contemptible; as, a <i>snide</i> lawyer; <i>snide</i> goods.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Sniff</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sniffed</u> (?) or <u>Snift</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sniffing</u>.] [OE. <i>sneven</i>; akin to
<i>snivel</i>, <i>snuff</i>; cf. Dan. <i>snive</i> to sniff. See
<u>Snuff</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To draw air audibly up the
nose; to snuff; -- sometimes done as a gesture of suspicion, offense,
or contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So ye grow squeamish, gods, and <i>sniff</i> at
heaven.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sniff</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
draw in with the breath through the nose; as, to <i>sniff</i> the air
of the country.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To perceive as by sniffing; to snuff, to
scent; to smell; as, to <i>sniff</i> danger.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sniff</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of sniffing;
perception by sniffing; that which is taken by sniffing; as, a
<i>sniff</i> of air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sniff"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A
rapid inspiratory act, in which the mouth is kept shut and the air
drawn in through the nose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snif"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Freq. of
<i>sniff</i>. See <u>Snivel</u>.] <def>To snuffle, as one does with a
catarrh.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Snift</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snifted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snifting</u>.] [From <u>Sniff</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
snort.</def> [Obs.] "Resentment expressed by <i>snifting</i>."
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sniff; to snuff; to smell.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It now appears that they were still <i>snifing</i> and
hankering after their old quarters.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snift</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
moment.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Slight snow; sleet.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snift"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Snift</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Snifting valve</b></col>, <cd>a small valve opening into
the atmosphere from the cylinder or condenser of a steam engine, to
allow the escape of air when the piston makes a stroke; -- so called
from the noise made by its action.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Snig</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Snick</u> a
small cut.] <def>To chop off; to cut.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Snig</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Sneak</u>.] <def>To
sneak.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Snig</hw>, <hw>Snigg</hw>, } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Sneak</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small eel.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Snig"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Snicker</u>.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snig"ger</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Snicker</u>.</def>  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snig"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sniggled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sniggling</u>(?).] [See <u>Snig</u> a kind of eel.] <def>To fish
for eels by thrusting the baited hook into their holes or hiding
places.</def>  <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snig"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To catch, as an
eel, by sniggling; hence, to hook; to insnare.</def>  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snip</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snipped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snipping</u>.] [D. <i>snippen</i>; akin to G. <i>schnippen</i>.]
<def>To cut off the nip or neb of, or to cut off at once with shears
or scissors; to clip off suddenly; to nip; hence, to break off; to
snatch away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Curbed and <i>snipped</i> in my younger years by fear
of my parents from those vicious excrescences to which that age was
subject.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The captain seldom ordered anything out of the ship's
stores . . . but I <i>snipped</i> some of it for my own
share.</blockquote> <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snip</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
single cut, as with shears or scissors; a clip.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small shred; a bit cut off.</def>
<i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A share; a snack.</def> [Obs.]
<i>L'Estrange</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A tailor.</def> [Slang]  <i>Nares. C.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Small hand shears for cutting sheet
metal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snipe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>snipe</i>; akin to
D. <i>snep</i>, <i>snip</i>, LG. <i>sneppe</i>, <i>snippe</i>, G.
<i>schnepfe</i>, Icel. <i>sn&imacr;pa</i> (in comp.), Dan.
<i>sneppe</i>, Sw. <i>sn&auml;ppa</i> a sanpiper, and possibly to E.
<i>snap</i>. See <u>Snap</u>, <u>Snaffle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of limicoline
game birds of the family <i>Scolopacid&aelig;</i>, having a long,
slender, nearly straight beak.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common, or whole, snipe (<i>Gallinago
c&oelig;lestis</i>) and the great, or double, snipe (<i>G. major</i>),
are the most important European species. The Wilson's snipe (<i>G.
delicata</i>) (sometimes erroneously called <i>English snipe</i>) and
the gray snipe, or dowitcher (<i>Macrohamphus griseus</i>), are well-
known American species.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fool; a blockhead.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Half snipe</b></col>, <cd>the dunlin; the jacksnipe.</cd> -
- <col><b>Jack snipe</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Jacksnipe</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Quail snipe</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Quail</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Robin snipe</b></col>, <cd>the knot.</cd> -- <col><b>Sea
snipe</b></col>. <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Shore
snipe</b></col>, <cd>any sandpiper.</cd> -- <col><b>Snipe
hawk</b></col>, <cd>the marsh harrier.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] --
<col><b>Stone snipe</b></col>, <cd>the tattler.</cd> -- <col><b>Summer
snipe</b></col>, <cd>the dunlin; the green and the common European
sandpipers.</cd> -- <col><b>Winter snipe</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Rock
snipe</i>, under <u>Rock</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Woodcock
snipe</b></col>, <cd>the great snipe.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Snipe"bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A plane for cutting deep grooves in moldings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bolt by which the body of a cart is
fastened to the axle.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Snipe"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The bellows fish.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A long, slender deep-sea fish (<i>Nemichthys scolopaceus</i>)
with a slender beak.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snip"pack</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Snipe</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common snipe.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Snip"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
snips.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snip"per-snap`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small,
insignificant fellow.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Snip"pet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small part or
piece.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To be cut into <i>snippets</i> and shreds.</blockquote>
<i>F. Harrison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snip"pet*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ridiculously
small; petty.</def> "<i>Snippety</i> facts."  <i>London
Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snip"-snap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Reduplication of
<i>snap</i>.] <def>A tart dialogue with quick replies.</def> [R.]
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snip"-snap`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Quick; short;
sharp; smart.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snip"y</hw> (sn&imacr;p"&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Like a snipe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snite</hw> (sn&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
snipe.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]  <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snite</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>sn&imacr;fa</i>.
See <u>Snout</u>.] <def>To blow, as the nose; to snuff, as a
candle.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Snithe</hw> (?), <hw>Snith"y</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[AS. <i>sn&imacr;&eth;an</i> to cut. See <u>Snathe</u>.] <def>Sharp;
piercing; cutting; -- applied to the wind.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sniv"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sniveled</u> (?) or <u>Snivelled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Sniveling</u> or <u>Snivelling</u>.] [OE.
<i>snivelen</i>, <i>snevelen</i>, <i>snuvelen</i>, freg. of
<i>sneven</i>. See <u>Sniff</u>, and cf. <u>Snuffle</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To run at the nose; to make a snuffling
noise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cry or whine with snuffling, as
children; to cry weakly or whiningly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Put stop to thy <i>sniveling</i> ditty.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sniv"el</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>snofel</i>.  Cf.
<u>Snivel</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>Mucus from the nose;
snot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sniv"el*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>sniveller</i>.] <def>One who snivels, esp. one who snivels
habitually.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sniv"el*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Running at the
nose; sniveling pitiful; whining.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snob</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>sn&amacr;pr</i> a
dolt, impostor, charlatan.  Cf. <u>Snub</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A vulgar person who affects to be better, richer, or more
fashionable, than he really is; a vulgar upstart; one who apes his
superiors.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Essentially vulgar, a <i>snob</i>. -- a gilded
<i>snob</i>, but none the less a <i>snob</i>.</blockquote> <i>R. G.
White.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Univ.)</i> <def>A townsman.</def>
[Canf]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A journeyman shoemaker.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A workman who accepts lower than the usual
wages, or who refuses to strike when his fellows do; a rat; a
knobstick.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those who work for lower wages during a strike are
called <i>snobs</i>, the men who stand out being "nobs"</blockquote>
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snob"ber*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being snobbish; snobbishness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snob"bish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to a snob; characteristic of, or befitting, a snob; vulgarly
pretentious.</def> -- <wf>Snob"bish*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Snob"bish*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Vulgar
affectation or ostentation; mean admiration of mean things; conduct or
manners of a snob.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snob"bism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Snobbery.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1363 !></p>

<p><hw>Snob"by</hw> (sn&obreve;b"b&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Snobbish.</def> [R.]  <i>E. B. Ramsay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snob"ling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little snob.</def>
[Jocose]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snob*oc"ra*cy</hw> (sn&obreve;b*&obreve;k"r&adot;*s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Snob</i> + <i>-cracy</i>, as in
<i>aristocracy</i>, <i>mobocracy</i>.] <def>Snobs, collectively.</def>
[Hybrid & Recent]  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snod</hw> (sn&obreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Snood</u>.] <def>A fillet; a headband; a snood.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Snod</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Scot. <i>snod</i> to prune,
put in order.] <def>Trimmed; smooth; neat; trim; sly; cunning;
demure.</def> [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Snoff</hw> (sn&obreve;f; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Snuff</u>.] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A short candle end used for
igniting a fuse.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sn&omacr;d</i>.
Cf. <i>Snare</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The fillet which binds the
hair of a young unmarried woman, and is emblematic of her maiden
character.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And seldom was a <i>snood</i> amid<BR>
Such wild, luxuriant ringlets hid.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A short line (often of horsehair)
connecting a fishing line with the hook; a snell; a leader.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snood</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bind or braid up,
as the hair, with a snood.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Snood"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wearing or having a
snood.</def> "The <i>snooded</i> daughter."  <i>Whittier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snook</hw> (sn&oomac;k), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Prov. E.
<i>snook</i> to search out, to follow by the scent; cf. Sw.
<i>snoka</i> to lurk, LG. <i>sn&ouml;ggen</i>, <i>snuckern</i>,
<i>sn&ouml;kern</i>, to snuffle, to smell about, to search for.]
<def>To lurk; to lie in ambush.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Snook</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>snoek</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A large perchlike marine
food fish (<i>Centropomus undecimalis</i>) found both on the Atlantic
and Pacific coasts of tropical America; -- called also
<i>ravallia</i>, and <i>robalo</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
cobia.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The garfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snooze</hw> (sn&oomac;z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot.
<i>snooze</i> to sleep; cf. Dan. & Sw. <i>snus</i> snuff.] <def>A
short sleep; a nap.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Snooze</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snoozed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snoozing</u>.] <def>To doze; to drowse; to take a short nap; to
slumber.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Snore</hw> (sn&omacr;r), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Snored</u> (sn&omacr;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Snoring</u>.] [OE. <i>snoren</i>, AS. <i>snora</i> a
snoring; akin to LG. <i>snoren</i>, <i>snorken</i>, <i>snurken</i>, to
snore, D. <i>snorken</i>, G. <i>schnarchen</i> to snore,
<i>schnarren</i> to rattle, MHG. <i>snarren</i>, Sw. <i>snarka</i> to
snore, Icel. <i>snarka</i> to sputter, fizzle.  Cf. <u>Snarl</u> to
growl, <u>Sneer</u>, <u>Snort</u>. See <u>Snoring</u>.] <def>To
breathe with a rough, hoarse, nasal voice in sleep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snore</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A harsh nasal noise made
in sleep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snor"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
snores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snor"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The
act of respiring through the open mouth so that the currents of
inspired and expired air cause a vibration of the uvula and soft
palate, thus giving rise to a sound more or less harsh. It is usually
unvoluntary, but may be produced voluntarily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snort</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snorted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snorting</u>.] [OE. <i>snorten</i>; akin to <i>snoren</i>.
<i>See</i> <u>Snore</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To force the air
with violence through the nose, so as to make a noise, as do high-
spirited horsed in prancing and play.</def>  <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To snore.</def> [R.] "The <i>snorting</i>
citizens."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To laugh out loudly.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snort</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of snorting; the
sound produced in snorting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snort</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To expel throught the
nostrils with a snort; to utter with a snort.</def>  <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snort"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who snorts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The wheather; -- so
called from its cry.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Snot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>snot</i>; akin to
D. <i>snot</i>, LG. <i>snotte</i>, Dan. <i>snot</i>, and to E.
<i>snout</i>. <i>See</i> <u>Snout</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Mucus
secreted in, or discharged from, the nose.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mean, insignificant fellow.</def>
[Low]</p>

<p><hw>Snot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To blow, wipe, or
clear, as the nose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snot"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [From <u>Snot</u>.]
<def>To snivel; to cry or whine.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snot"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A rope going over a yardarm, used to bend a
tripping line to, in sending down topgallant and royal yards in
vessels of war; also, the short line supporting the heel of the sprit
in a small boat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snot"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Filth;
abomination.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To purge the <i>snottery</i> of our slimy
time.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snot"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Foul with snot;
hence, mean; dirty.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Snot"ti*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Snot"ti*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Snout</hw> (snout), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>snoute</i>,
probably of Scand, or Low German origin; cf. LG. <i>snute</i>, D.
<i>snuit</i>, G. <i>schnauze</i>, Sw. <i>snut</i>, <i>snyte</i>, Dan.
<i>snude</i>, Icel. <i>sn&?;ta</i> to blow the nose; probably akin to
E. <i>snuff</i>, v.t.  Cf. <u>Snite</u>, <u>Snot</u>, <u>Snuff</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The long, projecting nose of a beast, as of
swine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The nose of a man; -- in contempt.</def>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The nozzle of a pipe, hose, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
anterior prolongation of the head of a gastropod; -- called also
<i>rostrum</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The anterior
prolongation of the head of weevils and allied beetles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Snout beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
many species of beetles having an elongated snout and belonging to the
tribe Rhynchophora; a weevil.</cd> -- <col><b>Snout moth</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any pyralid moth. See
<u>Pyralid</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Snout</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To furnish with a
nozzle or point.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snout"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a
beast's snout.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The nose was ugly, long, and big,<BR>
Broad and <i>snouty</i> like a pig.</blockquote> <i>Otway.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LG. <i>snaue</i>, or D.
<i>snaauw</i>, from LG. <i>snau</i> a snout, a beak.] <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A square-rigged vessel, differing from a brig only in that she
has a trysail mast close abaft the mainmast, on which a large trysail
is hoisted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snow</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>snow</i>, <i>snaw</i>,
AS. <i>sn&amacr;w</i>; akin to D. <i>sneeuw</i>, OS. & OHG.
<i>sn&emacr;o</i>, G. <i>schnee</i>, Icel. <i>sn&aelig;r</i>,
<i>snj&omacr;r</i>, <i>snaj&amacr;r</i>, Sw. <i>sn&ouml;</i>, Dan.
<i>snee</i>, Goth. <i>snaiws</i>, Lith. <i>sn&euml;gas</i>, Russ.
<i>snieg'</i>, Ir. & Gael. <i>sneachd</i>, W. <i>nyf</i>, L.
<i>nix</i>, <i>nivis</i>, Gr. acc. <grk>ni`fa</grk>, also AS.
<i>sn&imacr;wan</i> to snow, G. <i>schneien</i>, OHG.
<i>sn&imacr;wan</i>, Lith. <i>snigti</i>, L. <i>ningit</i> it snows,
Gr. <grk>ni`fei</grk>, Zend <i>snizh</i> to snow; cf. Skr. <i>snih</i>
to be wet or sticky. &radic;172.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Watery
particles congealed into white or transparent crystals or flakes in
the air, and falling to the earth, exhibiting a great variety of very
beautiful and perfect forms.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Snow</i> is often used to form compounds, most of which
are of obvious meaning; as, <i>snow</i>-capped, <i>snow</i>-clad,
<i>snow</i>-cold, <i>snow</i>-crowned, <i>snow</i>-crust, <i>snow</i>-
fed, <i>snow</i>-haired, <i>snow</i>like, <i>snow</i>-mantled,
<i>snow</i>-nodding, <i>snow</i>-wrought, and the like.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Something white like snow, as the
white color (argent) in heraldry; something which falls in, or as in,
flakes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The field of <i>snow</i> with eagle of black
therein.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Red snow</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Red</u>.</cd></p>

<p><col><b>Snow bunting</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Snowbird</u>, 1.</cd> -- <col><b>Snow cock</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the snow pheasant.</cd> -- <col><b>Snow
flea</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small black leaping poduran
(<i>Achorutes nivicola</i>) often found in winter on the snow in vast
numbers.</cd> -- <col><b>Snow flood</b></col>, <cd>a flood from melted
snow.</cd> -- <col><b>Snow flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the
fringe tree.</cd> -- <col><b>Snow fly</b></col>, or <col><b>Snow
insect</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species
of neuropterous insects of the genus <i>Boreus</i>. The male has
rudimentary wings; the female is wingless. These insects sometimes
appear creeping and leaping on the snow in great numbers.</cd> --
<col><b>Snow gnat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any wingless
dipterous insect of the genus <i>Chionea</i> found running on snow in
winter.</cd> -- <col><b>Snow goose</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any one of several species of arctic geese of the genus
<i>Chen</i>. The common snow goose (<i>Chen hyperborea</i>), common in
the Western United States in winter, is white, with the tips of the
wings black and legs and bill red. Called also <i>white brant</i>,
<i>wavey</i>, and <i>Texas goose</i>. The blue, or blue-winged, snow
goose (<i>C. c&oelig;rulescens</i>) is varied with grayish brown and
bluish gray, with the wing quills black and the head and upper part of
the neck white. Called also <i>white head</i>, <i>white-headed
goose</i>, and <i>bald brant</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Snow
leopard</b></col> <i>(Zool.)</i>, <cd>the ounce.</cd> -- <col><b>Snow
line</b></col>, <cd>lowest limit of perpetual snow. In the Alps this
is at an altitude of 9,000 feet, in the Andes, at the equator, 16,000
feet.</cd> -- <col><b>Snow mouse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
European vole (<i>Arvicola nivalis</i>) which inhabits the Alps and
other high mountains.</cd> -- <col><b>Snow pheasant</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of large, handsome
gallinaceous birds of the genus <i>Tetraogallus</i>, native of the
lofty mountains of Asia. The Himalayn snow pheasant (<i>T.
Himalayensis</i>) in the best-known species. Called also <i>snow
cock</i>, and <i>snow chukor</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Snow
partridge</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Partridge</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Snow pigeon</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a pigeon (<i>Columba leuconota</i>) native of
the Himalaya mountains. Its back, neck, and rump are white, the top of
the head and the ear coverts are black.</cd> -- <col><b>Snow
plant</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a fleshy parasitic herb
(<i>Sarcodes sanguinea</i>) growing in the coniferous forests of
California. It is all of a bright red color, and is fabled to grow
from the snow, through which it sometimes shoots up.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Snow</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snowed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snowing</u>.] <def>To fall in or as snow; -- chiefly used
impersonally; as, it <i>snows</i>; it <i>snowed</i>
yesterday.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snow</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To scatter like snow;
to cover with, or as with, snow.</def>  <i>Donne. Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snow"ball`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A round mass of snow pressed or roller together, or anything
resembling such a mass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The Guelder-rose.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Snowball tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the Guelder-
rose.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Snow"ball`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snowballed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snowballing</u>.] <def>To pelt with snowballs; to throw snowballs
at.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snow"ball`</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To throw
snowballs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snow"ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
name of several shrubs with white berries; as, the <i>Symphoricarpus
racemosus</i> of the Northern United States, and the <i>Chiococca
racemosa</i> of Florida and tropical America.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Creeping snowberry</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Creeping</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Snow"bird</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An arctic finch (<i>Plectrophenax, or
Plectrophanes, nivalis</i>) common, in winter, both in Europe and the
United States, and often appearing in large flocks during snowstorms.
It is partially white, but variously marked with chestnut and brown.
Called also <i>snow bunting</i>, <i>snowflake</i>, <i>snowfleck</i>,
and <i>snowflight</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any finch of the
genus <i>Junco</i> which appears in flocks in winter time, especially
<i>J. hyemalis</i> in the Eastern United States; -- called also
<i>blue snowbird</i>. See <u>Junco</u>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>The fieldfare.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Snow"-blind`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected with
blindness by the brilliancy of snow.</def> -- <wf>Snow"-
blind`ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Snow"-bound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Enveloped in,
or confined by, snow.</def>  <i>Whittier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snow"-broth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Snow and water
mixed, or snow just melted; very cold liquor.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snow"cap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A very small humming bird (<i>Microch&aelig;ra albocoronata</i>)
native of New Grenada.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The feathers of the top of the head are white and snining,
the body blue black with a purple and bronzy luster. The name is
applied also to <i>Microch&aelig;ra parvirostris</i> of Central
America, which is similar in color.</p>

<p><hw>Snow"-capped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
top capped or covered with snow; as, <i>snow-capped</i>
mountains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snow"drift`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bank of
drifted snow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snow"drop`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
bulbous plant (<i>Galanthus nivalis</i>) bearing white flowers, which
often appear while the snow is on the ground. It is cultivated in
gardens for its beauty.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Snowdrop tree</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Silver-bell tree</i>,
under <u>Silver</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Snow"flake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A flake, or small filmy mass, of snow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Snowbird</u>,
1.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name given to several
bulbous plants of the genus <i>Leucoium</i> (<i>L. vernum</i>,
<i>&aelig;stivum</i>, etc.) resembling the snowdrop, but having all
the perianth leaves of equal size.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snow"fleck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Snowbird</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snowl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The hooded merganser.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Snow"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
snow.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Snow"plow`</hw>, <hw>Snow"plough`</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An implement operating like a plow, but on a
larger scale, for clearing away the snow from roads, railways,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snow"shed</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shelter to
protect from snow, esp. a long roof over an exposed part of a
railroad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snow"shoe`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A slight frame
of wood three or four feet long and about one third as wide, with
thongs or cords stretched across it, and having a support and holder
for the foot; -- used by persons for walking on soft snow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snow"shoe`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Traveling on
snowshoes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snow"sho`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who travels
on snowshoes; an expert in using snowshoes.</def>  <i>W. G.
Beers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snow"slip`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A large mass or
avalanche of snow which slips down the side of a mountain,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snow"storm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A storm with
falling snow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snow"-white`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>White as snow;
very white.</def> "<i>Snow-white</i> and rose-red"
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snow"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>White like snow.</def> "So shows a <i>snowy</i> dove trooping
with crows."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Abounding with snow; covered with
snow.</def> "The <i>snowy</i> top of cold Olympus."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Pure; unblemished; unstained;
spotless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There did he lose his <i>snowy</i>
innocence.</blockquote> <i>J. Hall (1646).</i></p>

<p><col><b>Snowy heron</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a white
heron, or egret (<i>Ardea candidissima</i>), found in the Southern
United States, and southward to Chili; -- called also <i>plume
bird</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Snowy lemming</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the collared lemming (<i>Cuniculus torquatus</i>), which turns
white in winter.</cd> -- <col><b>Snowy owl</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large arctic owl (<i>Nyctea Scandiaca</i>,
or <i>N. nivea</i>) common all over the northern parts of the United
States and Europe in winter time. Its plumage is sometimes nearly pure
white, but it is usually more or less marked with blackish spots.
Called also <i>white owl</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Snowy plover</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small plover (<i>&AElig;gialitis
nivosa</i>) of the western parts of the United States and Mexico. It
is light gray above, with the under parts and portions of the head
white.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Snub</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>snuiven</i>
to snort, to pant, G. <i>schnauben</i>, MHG. <i>sn&umacr;ben</i>,
Prov. G. <i>schnupfen</i>, to sob, and E. <i>snuff</i>, v.t.] <def>To
sob with convulsions.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snub</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snubbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snubbing</u>.] [Cf. Icel. <i>ssnubba</i> to snub, chide, Sw.
<i>snubba</i>, Icel. <i>snubb&omacr;ttr</i> snubbed, nipped, and E.
<i>snib</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To clip or break off the end of;
to check or stunt the growth of; to nop.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To check, stop, or rebuke, with a tart,
sarcastic reply or remark; to reprimand; to check.</def>  <i>J.
Foster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To treat with contempt or neglect, as a
forward or pretentious person; to slight designedly.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To snub a cable</b></col> or <col><b>rope</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to check it suddenly in running out.</cd>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snub</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A knot;
a protuberance; a song.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[A club] with ragged <i>snubs</i> and knotty
grain.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A check or rebuke; an intended
slight.</def>
 <i>J. Foster.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Snub nose</b></col>, <cd>a short or flat nose.</cd> --
<col><b>Snub post</b></col>, or <col><b>Snubbing post</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a post on a dock or shore, around which a rope is
thrown to check the motion of a vessel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Snub"-nosed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
short, flat nose, slightly turned up; as, the <i>snub-nosed</i>
eel.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Snub-nosed cachalot</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
pygmy sperm whale.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Snudge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Snug</u>.]
<def>To lie snug or quiet.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snudge</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A miser; a sneaking
fellow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Snuff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>schnuppe</i>
candle snuff, <i>schnuppen</i> to snuff a candle (see <u>Snuff</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, to snuff a candle), or cf. <u>Snub</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>The part of a candle wick charred by the
flame, whether burning or not.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the burning <i>snuff</i> happens to get out of the
snuffers, you have a chance that it may fall into a dish of
soup.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snuff</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snuffed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snuffing</u>.] [OE. <i>snuffen</i>. See <u>Snuff</u> of a candle
<u>Snuff</u> to sniff.] <def>To crop the snuff of, as a candle; to
take off the end of the snuff of.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To snuff out</b></col>, <cd>to extinguish by
snuffing.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1364 !></p>

<p><hw>Snuff</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>[Akin to D.
<i>snuffen</i>, G. <i>schnupfen</i>, <i>schnuppen</i>, to snuff,
<i>schnupfen</i> a cold in the head, <i>schnuppen</i> to snuff (air),
also, to snuff (a candle).  Cf. <u>Sniff</u>, <u>Snout</u>,
<u>Snub</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw
in, or to inhale, forcibly through the nose; to sniff.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>snuffs</i> the wind, his heels the sand
excite.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To perceive by the nose; to scent; to
smell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snuff</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
inhale air through the nose with violence or with noise, as do dogs
and horses.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To turn up the nose and inhale air, as an
expression of contempt; hence, to take offense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Do the enemies of the church rage and
<i>snuff</i>?</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snuff</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of snuffing; perception by snuffing; a sniff.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pulverized tobacco, etc., prepared to be
taken into the nose; also, the amount taken at once.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Resentment, displeasure, or contempt,
expressed by a snuffing of the nose.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Snuff dipping</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Dipping</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</cd> -- <col><b>Snuff taker</b></col>,
<cd>one who uses snuff by inhaling it through the nose.</cd> --
<col><b>To take it in snuff</b></col>, <cd>to be angry or
offended.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Up to snuff</b></col>, <cd>not
likely to be imposed upon; knowing; acute.</cd> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Snuff"box`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small box for
carrying snuff about the person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snuff"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who snuffs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common
porpoise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snuff"ers</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>An instrument
for cropping and holding the snuff of a candle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snuff"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a snuffing
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snuf"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snuffled</u>(?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snuffling</u> (?).] [Freq. of <i>snuff</i>, v.i.; akin to LG.
<i>snuffeln</i>, G. <i>schn&uuml;ffeln</i>, D. <i>snuffeln</i>, Dan.
<i>sn&ouml;vle</i>.  Cf. <u>Sniffle</u>.] <def>To speak through the
nose; to breathe through the nose when it is obstructed, so as to make
a broken sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One clad in purple<BR>
Eats, and recites some lamentable rhyme . . . <BR>
<i>Snuffling</i> at nose, and croaking in his throat.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snuf"fle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of snuffing; a sound made by the air passing through the nose when
obstructed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This dread sovereign, Breath, in its passage, gave a
snort or <i>snuffle</i>.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An affected nasal twang; hence, cant;
hypocrisy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Obstruction of the nose by
mucus; nasal catarrh of infants or children.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Snuf"fler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who snuffles;
one who uses cant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snuff"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Soiled with snuff.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sulky; angry; vexed.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snug</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Snugger</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Snuggest</u> (?).]
[Prov. E. <i>snug</i> tight, handsome; cf. Icel. <i>sn&ouml;ggr</i>
smooth, ODan. <i>sn&ouml;g</i> neat, Sw. <i>snugg</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Close and warm; as, an infant lies
<i>snug</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Close; concealed; not exposed to
notice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lie <i>snug</i>, and hear what critics
say.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Compact, convenient, and comfortable; as, a
<i>snug</i> farm, house, or property.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snug</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Lug</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snug</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snugged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snugging</u>(?).] <def>To lie close; to snuggle; to snudge; --
often with <i>up</i>, or <i>together</i>; as, a child <i>snugs</i> up
to its mother.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snug</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
place snugly.</def> [R.]  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rub, as twine or rope, so as to make it
smooth and improve the finish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snug"ger*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Snuggeries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A snug, cozy place.</def>
[Colloq.]  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snug"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snuggled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snuggling</u> (?).] [Freq. of <i>snug</i>.] <def>To move one way
and the other so as to get a close place; to lie close for comfort; to
cuddle; to nestle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snug"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a snug manner;
closely; safely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snug"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being snug.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>sn&umacr;a</i>
to turn.] <def>An upward bend in a piece of timber; the sheer of a
vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sny"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A curved
plank, placed edgewise, to work in the bows of a vessel.</def>  <i>R.
H. Dana, Jr.</i></p>

<p><hw>So</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>so</i>, <i>sa</i>,
<i>swa</i>, AS. <i>sw&amacr;</i>; akin to OFries, <i>s&amacr;</i>,
<i>s&?;</i>, D. <i>zoo</i>, OS. & OHG. <i>s&?;</i>, G. <i>so</i>,
Icel. <i>sv&amacr;</i>, <i>sv&?;</i>, <i>svo</i>, <i>so</i>, Sw.
<i>s&?;</i>, Dan. <i>saa</i>, Goth. <i>swa</i> so, <i>sw&?;</i> as;
cf. L. <i>suus</i> one's own, Skr. <i>sva</i> one's own, one's self.
&radic;192.  Cf. As, <u>Custom</u>, <u>Ethic</u>, <u>Idiom</u>,
<u>Such</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In that manner or degree; as,
indicated (in any way), or as implied, or as supposed to be
known.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why is his chariot <i>so</i> long in
coming?</blockquote> <i>Judges v. 28.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In like manner or degree; in the same way;
thus; for like reason; whith equal reason; -- used correlatively,
following <i>as</i>, to denote comparison or resemblance; sometimes,
also, following <i>inasmuch as</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As a war should be undertaken upon a just motive,
<i>so</i> a prince ought to consider the condition he is
in.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In such manner; to such degree; -- used
correlatively with <i>as</i> or <i>that</i> following; as, he was
<i>so</i> fortunate as to escape.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I viewed in may mind, <i>so</i> far as I was able, the
beginning and progress of a rising world.</blockquote> <i>T.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He is very much in Sir Roger's esteem, <i>so</i> that
he lives in the family rather as a relation than
dependent.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Very; in a high degree; that is, in such a
degree as can not well be expressed; as, he is <i>so</i> good; he
planned <i>so</i> wisely.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>In the same manner; as has been stated or
suggested; in this or that condition or state; under these
circumstances; in this way; -- with reflex reference to something just
asserted or implied; used also with the verb <i>to be</i>, as a
predicate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Use him [your tutor] with great respect yourself, and
cause all your family to do <i>so</i> too.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It concerns every man, with the greatest seriousness,
to inquire into those matters, whether they be <i>so</i> or
not.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He is Sir Robert's son, and <i>so</i> art
thou.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The case being such; therefore; on this
account; for this reason; on these terms; -- used both as an adverb
and a conjuction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God makes him in his own image an intellectual
creature, and <i>so</i> capable of dominion.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Here, then, exchange we mutually forgiveness;<BR>
So may the guilt of all my broken vows,<BR>
My perjuries to thee, be all forgotten.</blockquote> <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>It is well; let it be as it is, or let it
come to pass; -- used to express assent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And when 't is writ, for my sake read it over,<BR>
And if it please you, <i>so</i>; if not, why, <i>so</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is Percy; if your father will do me any honor,
<i>so</i>; if not, let him kill the next Percy himself.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Well; the fact being as stated; -- used as
an expletive; as, <i>so</i> the work is done, is it?</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Is it thus? do you mean what you say? --
with an upward tone; as, do you say he refuses? <i>So</i>?</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>About the number, time, or quantity
specified; thereabouts; more or less; as, I will spend a week or
<i>so</i> in the country; I have read only a page or <i>so</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>A week or <i>so</i> will probably reconcile
us.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p>&fist; See the Note under <u>Ill</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>So</b></col> . . . <col><b>as</b></col>. <cd><i>So</i> is
now commonly used as a demonstrative correlative of <i>as</i> when it
is the puprpose to emphasize the equality or comparison suggested,
esp. in negative assertions, and questions implying a negative answer.
By Shakespeare and others <i>so</i> . . . <i>as</i> was much used
where <i>as</i> . . . <i>as</i> is now common. See the Note under
<u>As</u>, 1.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote><i>So</i> do, <i>as</i> thou hast said.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. xviii. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>As</i> a flower of the field, <i>so</i> he
flourisheth.</blockquote> <i>Ps. ciii. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Had woman been <i>so</i> strong <i>as</i>
men.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No country suffered <i>so</i> much <i>as</i>
England.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>So far</b></col>, <cd>to that point or extent; in that
particular.</cd> "The song was moral, and <i>so far</i> was right."
<i>Cowper.</i> -- <col><b>So far forth</b></col>, <cd>as far; to such
a degree.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> <i>Bacon.</i> -- <col><b>So
forth</b></col>, <cd>further in the same or similar manner; more of
the same or a similar kind. See <i>And so forth</i>, under
<u>And</u>.</cd>  -- <col><b>So, so</b></col>, <cd>well, well.</cd>
"<i>So, so</i>, it works; now, mistress, sit you fast." <i>Dryden.</i>
<cd>Also, moderately or tolerably well; passably; as, he succeeded but
<i>so so</i>.</cd>  "His leg is but <i>so so</i>." <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>So that</b></col>, <cd>to the end that; in order that; with
the effect or result that.</cd> -- <col><b>So then</b></col>, <cd>thus
then it is; therefore; the consequence is.</cd></p>

<p><hw>So</hw> (?), <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>Provided that; on
condition that; in case that; if.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though all the winds of doctrine were let loose play
upon the earth, <i>so</i> truth be in the field, we do injuriously, by
licensing and prohibiting, to misdoubt her strength.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>So</hw>, <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>Be as you are; stand
still; stop; that will do; right as you are; -- a word used esp. to
cows; also used by sailors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soak</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Soaked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Soaking</u>.] [OE. <i>soken</i>, AS. <i>socian</i> to sioak, steep,
fr. <i>s&?;can</i>, <i>s&?;gan</i>, to suck. See <u>Suck</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause or suffer to lie in a fluid till the
substance has imbibed what it can contain; to macerate in water or
other liquid; to steep, as for the purpose of softening or freshening;
as, to <i>soak</i> cloth; to <i>soak</i> bread; to <i>soak</i> salt
meat, salt fish, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To drench; to wet thoroughly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their land shall be <i>soaked</i> with
blood.</blockquote> <i>Isa. xxiv. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To draw in by the pores, or through small
passages; as, a sponge <i>soaks</i> up water; the skin <i>soaks</i> in
moisture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make (its way) by entering pores or
interstices; -- often with <i>through</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rivulet beneath <i>soaked</i> its way obscurely
through wreaths of snow.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To absorb; to drain.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soak</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
lie steeping in water or other liquid; to become sturated; as, let the
cloth lie and <i>soak</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To enter (into something) by pores or
interstices; as, water <i>soaks</i> into the earth or other porous
matter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To drink intemperately or
gluttonously.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Soak"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
soaking, or the state of being soaked; also, the quantity that enters
or issues by soaking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soak"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, soaks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hard drinker.</def> [Slang]
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soak"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wetting thoroughly;
drenching; as, a <i>soaking</i> rain.</def> -- <wf>Soak"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Soak"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of moisture;
wet; soppy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
sole of a shoe.</def> [Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Sole</u>, the
fish.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Soal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sol</i> mire.  Cf.
<u>Sully</u>.] <def>A dirty pond.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A chain by which a
leading horse draws a plow.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soap</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sope</i>, AS.
<i>s&amacr;pe</i>; akin to D. <i>zeep</i>, G. <i>seife</i>, OHG.
<i>seifa</i>, Icel. <i>s&amacr;pa</i>, Sw. <i>s&?;pa</i>, Dan.
<i>s&?;be</i>, and perhaps to AS. <i>s&imacr;pan</i> to drip, MHG.
<i>s&imacr;fen</i>, and L. <i>sebum</i> tallow.  Cf.
<u>Saponaceous</u>.] <def>A substance which dissolves in water, thus
forming a lather, and is used as a cleansing agent. Soap is produced
by combining fats or oils with alkalies or alkaline earths, usually by
boiling, and consists of salts of sodium, potassium, etc., with the
fatty acids (oleic, stearic, palmitic, etc.). See the Note below, and
cf. <u>Saponification</u>. By extension, any compound of similar
composition or properties, whether used as a cleaning agent or
not.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In general, soaps are of two classes, <i>hard</i> and
<i>soft</i>. Calcium, magnesium, lead, etc., form soaps, but they are
insoluble and useless.</p>

<p><blockquote>The purifying action of <i>soap</i> depends upon the
fact that it is decomposed by a large quantity of water into free
alkali and an insoluble acid salt. The first of these takes away the
fatty dirt on washing, and the latter forms the <i>soap</i> lather
which envelops the greasy matter and thus tends to remove
it.</blockquote> <i>Roscoe & Schorlemmer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Castile soap</b></col>, <cd>a fine-grained hard soap, white
or mottled, made of olive oil and soda; -- called also <i>Marseilles,
or Venetian, soap</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hard soap</b></col>, <cd>any
one of a great variety of soaps, of different ingredients and color,
which are hard and compact. All solid soaps are of this class.</cd> --
<col><b>Lead soap</b></col>, <cd>an insoluble, white, pliable soap
made by saponifying an oil (olive oil) with lead oxide; -- used
externally in medicine. Called also <i>lead plaster</i>,
<i>diachylon</i>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Marine soap</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Marine</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pills of soap</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>pills containing soap and opium.</cd> --
<col><b>Potash soap</b></col>, <cd>any soap made with potash, esp. the
soft soaps, and a hard soap made from potash and castor oil.</cd> --
<col><b>Pumice soap</b></col>, <cd>any hard soap charged with a gritty
powder, as silica, alumina, powdered pumice, etc., which assists
mechanically in the removal of dirt.</cd> -- <col><b>Resin
soap</b></col>, <cd>a yellow soap containing resin, -- used in
bleaching.</cd> -- <col><b>Silicated soap</b></col>, <cd>a cheap soap
containing water glass (sodium silicate).</cd> -- <col><b>Soap
bark</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Quillaia bark</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Soap bubble</b></col>, <cd>a hollow iridescent globe, formed
by blowing a film of soap suds from a pipe; figuratively, something
attractive, but extremely unsubstantial.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>soap bubble</i> of the
metaphysicians.</blockquote> <i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Soap cerate</b></col>, <cd>a cerate formed of soap,
olive oil, white wax, and the subacetate of lead, sometimes used as an
application to allay inflammation.</cd> -- <col><b>Soap fat</b></col>,
<cd>the refuse fat of kitchens, slaughter houses, etc., used in making
soap.</cd> -- <col><b>Soap liniment</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a
liniment containing soap, camphor, and alcohol.</cd> -- <col><b>Soap
nut</b></col>, <cd>the hard kernel or seed of the fruit of the
soapberry tree, -- used for making beads, buttons, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Soap plant</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>one of several plants
used in the place of soap, as the <i>Chlorogalum pomeridianum</i>, a
California plant, the bulb of which, when stripped of its husk and
rubbed on wet clothes, makes a thick lather, and smells not unlike new
brown soap. It is called also <i>soap apple</i>, <i>soap bulb</i>, and
<i>soap weed</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Soap tree</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>Same as <u>Soapberry tree</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Soda
soap</b></col>, <cd>a soap containing a sodium salt. The soda soaps
are all hard soaps.</cd> -- <col><b>Soft soap</b></col>, <cd>a soap of
a gray or brownish yellow color, and of a slimy, jellylike
consistence, made from potash or the lye from wood ashes. It is
strongly alkaline and often contains glycerin, and is used in scouring
wood, in cleansing linen, in dyehouses, etc. Figuratively, flattery;
wheedling; blarney.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>Toilet soap</b></col>,
<cd>hard soap for the toilet, usually colored and perfumed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Soap</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Soaped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Soaping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rub or wash over with
soap.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To flatter; to wheedle.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Soap"ber`ry tree`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any tree of the
genus <i>Sapindus</i>, esp. <i>Sapindus saponaria</i>, the fleshy part
of whose fruit is used instead of soap in washing linen; -- also
called <i>soap tree</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soap"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any serranoid fish of the genus <i>Rhypticus</i>; -- so called
from the soapy feeling of its skin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soap"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or
state of being soapy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soap"root`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
perennial herb (<i>Gypsophila Struthium</i>) the root of which is used
in Spain as a substitute for soap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soap"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Steatite</u>, and <u>Talc</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soap"suds`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Suds made
with soap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soap"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
common plant (<i>Saponaria officinalis</i>) of the Pink family; -- so
called because its bruised leaves, when agitated in water, produce a
lather like that from soap. Called also <i>Bouncing Bet</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soap"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Soapier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Soapiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Resembling soap; having the qualities of, or feeling like, soap;
soft and smooth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Smeared with soap; covered with
soap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soar</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Soared</u> (#); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Soaring</u>.] [F. <i>s'essorer</i> to soar, <i>essorer</i> to dry
(by exposing to the air), fr. L. <i>ex</i> out + <i>aura</i> the air,
a breeze; akin to Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fly
aloft, as a bird; to mount upward on wings, or as on wings.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When <i>soars</i> Gaul's vulture with his wings
unfurled.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To rise in thought, spirits, or
imagination; to be exalted in mood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where the deep transported mind may
<i>soar</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Valor <i>soars</i> above<BR>
What the world calls misfortune.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of soaring; upward
flight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This apparent <i>soar</i> of the hooded
falcon.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soar</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See 3d <u>Sore</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Soar</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Sore</u>, reddish
brown.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Soar falcon</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <i>Sore
falcon</i>, under <u>Sore</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Soar"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Soar</u>.</def> -- <wf>Soar"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||So*a"ve</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>Sweet.</def></p>

<p><hw>||So*a`ve*men"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Sweetly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sob</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Sop</u>.] <def>To
soak.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sob</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sobbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sobbing</u>.] [OE. <i>sobben</i>; akin to AS.
<i>se&oacute;fian</i>, <i>si&oacute;fian</i>, to complain, bewail,
<i>se&oacute;fung</i>, <i>si&oacute;fung</i>, sobbing, lamentation;
cf. OHG. <i>s&?;ft&ouml;n</i>, <i>s&?;ft&?;n</i>, to sigh, MHG.
<i>siuften</i>, <i>siufzen</i>, G. <i>seufzen</i>, MHG. <i>s&?;ft</i>
a sigh, properly, a drawing in of breath, from <i>s&?;fen</i> to
drink, OHG. <i>s&?;fan</i>.  Cf. <u>Sup</u>.] <def>To sigh with a
sudden heaving of the breast, or with a kind of convulsive motion; to
sigh with tears, and with a convulsive drawing in of the
breath.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sobbing</i> is the same thing [as sighing],
stronger.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She sighed, she <i>sobbed</i>, and, furious with
despair.<BR>
She rent her garments, and she tore her hair.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sob</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of sobbing; a convulsive sigh, or inspiration of the breath, as in
sorrow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Break, heart, or choke with <i>sobs</i> my hated
breath.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any sorrowful cry or sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The tremulous <i>sob</i> of the complaining
owl.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sob"bing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A series of short,
convulsive inspirations, the glottis being suddenly closed so that
little or no air enters into the lungs.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Sober</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Soberer</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Soberest</u>.] [OE.
<i>sobre</i>, F. <i>sobre</i>, from L. <i>sobrius</i>, probably from a
prefix <i>so-</i> expressing separation + <i>ebrius</i> drunken.  Cf.
<u>Ebriety</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Temperate in the use of
spirituous liquors; habitually temperate; as, a <i>sober</i>
man.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That we may hereafter live a godly, righteous, and
<i>sober</i> life, to the glory of Thy holy name.</blockquote> <i>Bk.
of Com. Prayer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not intoxicated or excited by spirituous
liquors; as, the sot may at times be <i>sober</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not mad or insane; not wild, visionary, or
heated with passion; exercising cool, dispassionate reason; self-
controlled; self-possessed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There was not a <i>sober</i> person to be had; all was
tempestuous and blustering.</blockquote>  <i>Druden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No <i>sober</i> man would put himself into danger for
the applause of escaping without breaking his neck.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1365 !></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not proceeding from, or attended with,
passion; calm; as, <i>sober</i> judgment; a man in his <i>sober</i>
senses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Serious or subdued in demeanor, habit,
appearance, or color; solemn; grave; sedate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What parts gay France from <i>sober</i>
Spain?</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>See her <i>sober</i> over a sampler, or gay over a
jointed baby.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Twilight gray<BR>
Had in her <i>sober</i> livery all things clad.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Grave; temperate; abstinent; abstemious; moderate;
regular; steady; calm; quiet; cool; collected; dispassionate;
unimpassioned; sedate; staid; serious; solemn; somber. See
<u>Grave</u>.</p>

<p><hw>So"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sobered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sobering</u>.] <def>To make sober.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There shallow draughts intoxicate the brain,<BR>
And drinking largely <i>sobers</i> us again.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"ber</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become sober; --
often with <i>down</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Vance gradually <i>sobered</i> down.</blockquote>
<i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"ber*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos> <def>To
sober.</def> [R.]  <i>Crabbe.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"ber*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sober manner;
temperately; cooly; calmly; gravely; seriously.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"ber*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Grave; serious;
solemn; sad.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[He] looked hollow and thereto
<i>soberly</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"ber-mind`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
disposition or temper habitually sober.</def> -- <wf>So"ber-
mind`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>So"ber*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sober.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sob"o*les</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a short.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A shoot running along under
ground, forming new plants at short distances.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A sucker, as of tree or shrub.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sob`o*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>soboles
+ -ferous</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Producing soboles. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Houseleek</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*bri"e*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sobrietas</i>: cf. F. <i>sobri&eacute;t&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Sober</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Habitual soberness or
temperance as to the use of spirituous liquors; as, a man of
<i>sobriety</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Public <i>sobriety</i> is a relative duty.</blockquote>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Habitual freedom from enthusiasm,
inordinate passion, or overheated imagination; calmness; coolness;
gravity; seriousness; as, the <i>sobriety</i> of riper
years.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mirth makes them not mad,<BR>
Nor <i>sobriety</i> sad.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Soberness; temperance; abstinence; abstemiousness;
moderation; regularity; steadness; calmness; coolness; sober-
mindeness; sedateness; staidness; gravity; seriousness; solemnity.</p>

<p><hw>||So`bri`quet"</hw> (s&osl;`br&esl;`k&asl;"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>[F. <i>sobriquet</i>, OF. <i>soubzbriquet</i>,
<i>soubriquet</i>, a chuck under the chin, hence, an affront, a
nickname; of uncertain origin; cf. It. <i>sottobecco</i> a chuck under
the chin.] <def>An assumed name; a fanciful epithet or appellation; a
nickname.</def> [Sometimes less correctly written
<i>soubriquet</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Soc</hw> (s&obreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>s&omacr;c</i> the power of holding court, sway, domain, properly,
the right of investigating or seeking; akin to E. <i>sake</i>,
<i>seek</i>. <u>Sake</u>, <u>Seek</u>, and cf. <u>Sac</u>, and
<u>Soke</u>.] [Written also <i>sock</i>, and <i>soke</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
lord's power or privilege of holding a court in a district, as in
manor or lordship; jurisdiction of causes, and the limits of that
jurisdiction.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Liberty or privilege of
tenants excused from customary burdens.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An exclusive privilege formerly claimed by
millers of grinding all the corn used within the manor or township
which the mill stands.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Soc and sac</b></col> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>the full
right of administering justice in a manor or lordship.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Soc"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[From <u>Soc</u>; cf. LL.
<i>socagium</i>.] <i>(O.Eng. Law)</i> <def>A tenure of lands and
tenements by a certain or determinate service; a tenure distinct from
chivalry or knight's service, in which the obligations were uncertain.
The service must be certain, in order to be denominated <i>socage</i>,
as to hold by fealty and twenty shillings rent.</def> [Written also
<i>soccage</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Socage</i> is of two kinds; <i>free socage</i>, where the
services are not only certain, but honorable; and <i>villein
socage</i>, where the services, though certain, are of a baser nature.
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soc"a*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>
<def>A tennant by socage; a socman.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"-called`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>So named;
called by such a name (but perhaps called thus with doubtful
propriety).</def></p>

<p><hw>So`cia*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[Cf. F.
<i>sociabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being sociable;
sociableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"cia*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[F., fr. L.
<i>sociabilis</i>, fr. <i>sociare</i> to associate, fr. <i>socius</i>
a companion. See <u>Social</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of
being, or fit to be, united in one body or company; associable.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They are <i>sociable</i> parts united into one
body.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inclined to, or adapted for, society; ready
to unite with others; fond of companions; social.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Society is no comfort to one not
<i>sociable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What can be more uneasy to this <i>sociable</i>
creature than the dry, pensive retirements of solitude?</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Ready to converse; inclined to talk with
others; not taciturn or reserved.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Affording opportunites for conversation;
characterized by much conversation; as, a <i>sociable</i>
party.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>No longer hostile; friendly.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sociable bird</b></col>, <i>or</i>  <col><b>Sociable
weaver</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a weaver bird which builds
composite nests. See <u>Republican</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Social; companionable; conversible; friendly;
familiar; communicative; accessible.</p>

<p><hw>So"cia*ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
gathering of people for social purposes; an informal party or
reception; as, a church <i>sociable</i>.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A carriage having two double seats facing
each other, and a box for the driver.</def>  <i>Miss
Edgeworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"cia*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being sociable.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"cia*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sociable
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>socialis</i>,
from <i>socius</i> a companion; akin to <i>sequi</i> to follow: cf. F.
<i>social</i>. See <u>Sue</u> to follow.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to society; relating to men living in society, or to the
public as an aggregate body; as, <i>social</i> interest or concerns;
<i>social</i> pleasure; <i>social</i> benefits; <i>social</i>
happiness; <i>social</i> duties.</def> "<i>Social</i> phenomena."
<i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ready or disposed to mix in friendly
converse; companionable; sociable; as, a <i>social</i>
person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Consisting in union or mutual
intercourse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Best with thyself accompanied, seek'st not<BR>
<i>Social</i> communication.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Naturally growing in groups
or masses; -- said of many individual plants of the same
species.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Living in communities consisting of males, females, and neuters,
as do ants and most bees.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Forming
compound groups or colonies by budding from basal processes or
stolons; as, the <i>social</i> ascidians.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Social science</b></col>, <cd>the science of all that
relates to the social condition, the relations and institutions which
are involved in man's existence and his well-being as a member of an
organized community; sociology. It concerns itself with questions of
the public health, education, labor, punishment of crime, reformation
of criminals, and the like.</cd> -- <col><b>Social whale</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the blackfish.</cd> -- <col><b>The social
evil</b></col>, <cd>prostitution.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sociable; companionable; conversible; friendly;
familiar; communicative; convival; festive.</p>

<p><hw>So"cial*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>socialisme</i>.] <def>A theory or system of social reform which
contemplates a complete reconstruction of society, with a more just
and equitable distribution of property and labor. In popular usage,
the term is often employed to indicate any lawless, revolutionary
social scheme. See <u>Communism</u>, <u>Fourierism</u>, <u>Saint-
Simonianism</u>, forms of socialism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[<i>Socialism</i>] was first applied in England to
Owen's theory of social reconstruction, and in France to those also of
St. Simon and Fourier . . . The word, however, is used with a great
variety of meaning, . . . even by economists and learned critics. The
general tendency is to regard as socialistic any interference
undertaken by society on behalf of the poor, . . . radical social
reform which disturbs the present system of private property . . . The
tendency of the present <i>socialism</i> is more and more to ally
itself with the most advanced democracy.</blockquote> <i>Encyc.
Brit.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We certainly want a true history of <i>socialism</i>,
meaning by that a history of every systematic attempt to provide a new
social existence for the mass of the workers.</blockquote> <i>F.
Harrison.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"cial*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>socialiste</i>.] <def>One who advocates or practices the doctrines
of socialism.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>So"cial*ist</hw>, <hw>So`cial*is"tic</hw>, }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or of the nature of,
socialism.</def></p>

<p><hw>So`ci*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>socialist&eacute;</i>, L. <i>socialitas</i>.] <def>The quality of
being social; socialness.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"cial*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To render social.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To subject to, or regulate by,
socialism.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"cial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a social
manner; sociably.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"cial*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being social.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"ci*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sociatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>sociare</i> to associate, fr. <i>socius</i> companion.]
<def>Associated.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>So"ci*ate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An associate.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As for you, Dr. Reynolds, and your
<i>sociates</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"ci*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
associate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shelford.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*ci`e*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to society; social.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The all-sweeping besom of <i>societarian</i>
reformation.</blockquote> <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*ci"e*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Societarian.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>So*ci"e*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Societies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>societas</i>, fr.
<i>socius</i> a companion: cf. F. <i>soci&eacute;t&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Social</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The relationship of men to one
another when associated in any way; companionship; fellowship;
company.</def> "Her loved <i>society</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is <i>society</i> where none intrudes<BR>
By the deep sea, and music in its roar.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Connection; participation;
partnership.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The meanest of the people and such as have the least
<i>society</i> with the acts and crimes of kings.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A number of persons associated for any
temporary or permanent object; an association for mutual or joint
usefulness, pleasure, or profit; a social union; a partnership; as, a
missionary <i>society</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The persons, collectively considered, who
live in any region or at any period; any community of individuals who
are united together by a common bond of nearness or intercourse; those
who recognize each other as associates, friends, and
acquaintances.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, the more cultivated portion
of any community in its social relations and influences; those who
mutually give receive formal entertainments.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Society of Jesus</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Jesuit</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Society verses</b></col> [a translation of F. <i>vers de
soci&eacute;t&eacute;</i>], <cd>the lightest kind of lyrical poetry;
verses for the amusement of polite society.</cd></p>

<p><hw>So*cin"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to <i>Socinus</i>, or the Socinians.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*cin"i*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
followers of Socinus; a believer in Socinianism.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*cin"i*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>The tenets or doctrines of Faustus Socinus, an Italian
theologian of the sixteenth century, who denied the Trinity, the deity
of Christ, the personality of the Devil, the native and total
depravity of man, the vicarious atonement, and the eternity of future
punishment. His theory was, that Christ was a man divinely
commissioned, who had no existence before he was conceived by the
Virgin Mary; that human sin was the imitation of Adam's sin, and that
human salvation was the imitation and adoption of Christ's virtue;
that the Bible was to be interpreted by human reason; and that its
language was metaphorical, and not to be taken literally.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*cin"i*an*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Socinianized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Socinianizing</u> (?).] <def>To cause to conform to
Socinianism; to regulate by, or imbue with, the principles of
Socinianism.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>So`ci*o*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>So`ci*o*log"ic*al</hw> (?) }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to sociology, or social
science.</def> -- <wf>So`ci*o*log"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>So`ci*ol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
treats of, or devotes himself to, the study of sociology.</def>  <i>J.
S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>So`ci*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>socius</i>
a companion + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>That branch of philosophy which
treats of the constitution, phenomena, and development of human
society; social science.</def>  <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>soc</i>, LL.
<i>soccus</i>, perhaps of Celtic origin.] <def>A plowshare.</def>
<i>Edin. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sock</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sock</i>, AS.
<i>socc</i>, fr. L. <i>soccus</i> a kind of low-heeled, light shoe.
Cf. <u>Sucket</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The shoe worn by actors of
comedy in ancient Greece and Rome, -- used as a symbol of comedy, or
of the comic drama, as distinguished from tragedy, which is symbolized
by the <i>buskin</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Great Fletcher never treads in buskin here,<BR>
Nor greater Jonson dares in <i>socks</i> appear.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A knit or woven covering for the foot and
lower leg; a stocking with a short leg.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A warm inner sole for a shoe.</def>
<i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sock*dol"a*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of
<i>doxology</i>.] [Written also <i>sockdologer</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which finishes or ends a matter; a
settler; a poser, as a heavy blow, a conclusive answer, and the
like.</def> [Slang, U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Angling)</i> <def>A combination of two hooks
which close upon each other, by means of a spring, as soon as the fish
bites.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sock"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>soket</i>, a
dim. through OF. fr. L. <i>soccus</i>. See <u>Sock</u> a covering for
the foot.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An opening into which anything is
fitted; any hollow thing or place which receives and holds something
else; as, the <i>sockets</i> of the teeth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His eyeballs in their hollow <i>sockets</i>
sink.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, the hollow tube or place in
which a candle is fixed in the candlestick.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And in the <i>sockets</i> oily bubbles
dance.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Socket bolt</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a bolt that
passes through a thimble that is placed between the parts connected by
the bolt.</cd> -- <col><b>Socket chisel</b></col>. <cd>Same as
<i>Framing chisel</i>. See under <u>Framing</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Socket pipe</b></col>, <cd>a pipe with an expansion at one end
to receive the end of a connecting pipe.</cd> -- <col><b>Socket
pole</b></col>, <cd>a pole armed with iron fixed on by means of a
socket, and used to propel boats, etc.</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>Socket
wrench</b></col>, <cd>a wrench consisting of a socket at the end of a
shank or rod, for turning a nut, bolthead, etc., in a narrow or deep
recess.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sock"et*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
socket.</def>  <i>Dawkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sock"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of socks or
shoes.</def>  <i>B. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sock"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wet; soaky.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>So"cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>socculus</i>, dim. of <i>soccus</i>. See <u>Sock</u> a covering for
the foot.  Cf. <u>Zocco</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A plain block or plinth forming a low pedestal; any base;
especially, the base of a statue, column, or the like. See
<u>Plinth</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A plain face or plinth
at the lower part of a wall.</def>  <i>Oxf. Gloss.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soc"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Socmen</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Socage</u>.] <i>(O. Eng.
Law)</i> <def>One who holds lands or tenements by socage; a
socager.</def>  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soc"man*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(O.E. Law)</i>
<def>Tenure by socage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soc"ome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>s&omacr;cen</i>,
<i>s&omacr;cn</i>, searching, or the right of searching, the lord's
court. See <u>Soc</u>.] <i>(O.Eng. Law)</i> <def>A custom of tenants
to grind corn at the lord's mill.</def>  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soc"o*trine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Socotra, an island in the Indian Ocean, on the east
coast of Africa.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or
inhabitant of Socotra.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>So*crat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>So*crat"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Socraticus</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;.] <def>Of
or pertaining to Socrates, the Grecian sage and teacher. (<u>b. c.</u>
469-399), or to his manner of teaching and philosophizing.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>Socratic</i> method of reasoning and instruction was
by a series of questions leading the one to whom they were addressed
to perceive and admit what was true or false in doctrine, or right or
wrong in conduct.</p>

<p><hw>So*crat"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
Socratic method.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soc"ra*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The philosophy
or the method of Socrates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soc"ra*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;.]
<def>A disciple or follower of Socrates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
rock dove.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sod</hw>, obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Seethe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sod</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to LG. <i>sode</i>, D.
<i>zode</i>, OD. <i>sode</i>, <i>soode</i>, OFries. satha, and E.
<i>seethe</i>. So named from its <i>sodden</i> state in wet weather.
See <u>Seethe</u>.] <def>That stratum of the surface of the soil which
is filled with the roots of grass, or any portion of that surface;
turf; sward.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She there shall dress a sweeter <i>sod</i><BR>
Than Fancy's feet have ever trod.</blockquote> <i>Collins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sod</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sodden</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sodding</u>.] <def>To cover with sod; to turf.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., soda, in OIt., ashes
used in making glass, fr. L. <i>solida</i>, fem. of <i>solidus</i>
solid; <i>solida</i> having probably been a name of glasswort. See
<u>Solid</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Sodium oxide or
hydroxide.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Popularly, sodium carbonate
or bicarbonate.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Caustic soda</b></col>, <cd>sodium hydroxide.</cd> --
<col><b>Cooking soda</b></col>, <cd>sodium bicarbonate.</cd> [Colloq.]
-- <col><b>Sal soda</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Sodium carbonate</i>, under
<u>Sodium</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Soda alum</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>,
<cd>a mineral consisting of the hydrous sulphate of alumina and
soda.</cd> -- <col><b>Soda ash</b></col>, <cd>crude sodium carbonate;
-- so called because formerly obtained from the ashes of sea plants
and certain other plants, as saltwort (<i>Salsola</i>). See under
<u>Sodium</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Soda fountain</b></col>, <cd>an
apparatus for drawing soda water, fitted with delivery tube, faucets,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Soda lye</b></col>, <cd>a lye consisting
essentially of a solution of sodium hydroxide, used in soap
making.</cd> -- <col><b>Soda niter</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Nitratine</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Soda salts</b></col>, <cd>salts
having sodium for the base; specifically, sodium sulphate or Glauber's
salts.</cd> -- <col><b>Soda waste</b></col>, <cd>the waste material,
consisting chiefly of calcium hydroxide and sulphide, which
accumulates as a useless residue or side product in the ordinary
Leblanc process of soda manufacture; -- called also <i>alkali
waste</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Soda water</b></col>, <cd>originally, a
beverage consisting of a weak solution of sodium bicarbonate, with
some acid to cause effervescence; now, in common usage, a beverage
consisting of water highly charged with carbon dioxide (carbonic
acid). Fruit sirups, cream, etc., are usually added to give flavor.
See <i>Carbonic acid</i>, under <u>Carbonic</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Washing soda</b></col>, <cd>sodium carbonate.</cd>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><! p. 1366 !></p>

<p><hw>So*da"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
containing, soda.</def> "<i>Sodaic</i> powder."  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"da*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Soda</i> + <i>-
lite</i>: cf. F. <i>sodalithe</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of a
white to blue or gray color, occuring commonly in dodecahedrons, also
massive.  It is a silicate of alumina and soda with some
chlorine.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*dal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sodalities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>sodalitas</i>, fr.
<i>sodalis</i> a comrade.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fellowship or
fraternity; a brotherhood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R.C.Ch.)</i> <def>Specifically, a lay
association for devotion or for charitable purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sod*am"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
greenish or reddish crystalline substance, NaNH<sub>2</sub>, obtained
by passing ammonia over heated sodium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sod"den</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> of <u>Seethe</u>.] <def>Boiled; seethed; also, soaked;
heavy with moisture; saturated; as, <i>sodden</i> beef; <i>sodden</i>
bread; <i>sodden</i> fields.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sod"den</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be seethed; to
become sodden.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sod"den</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To soak; to make
heavy with water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sod"den-wit`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Heavy;
dull.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sod"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Sod</u>.]
<def>Consisting of sod; covered with sod; turfy.</def>
<i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sod"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. & v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Solder</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"dic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to sodium; containing sodium.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"di*o-</hw> (?). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A combining form (also
used adjectively) denoting <i>the presence of sodium</i> or <i>one of
its compounds</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.E.
<i>soda</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A common metallic element of the
alkali group, in nature always occuring combined, as in common salt,
in albite, etc. It is isolated as a soft, waxy, white, unstable metal,
so readily oxidized that it combines violently with water, and to be
preserved must be kept under petroleum or some similar liquid. Sodium
is used combined in many salts, in the free state as a reducer, and as
a means of obtaining other metals (as magnesium and aluminium) is an
important commercial product. Symbol Na  (<i>Natrium</i>). Atomic
weight 23. Specific gravity 0.97.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sodium amalgam</b></col>, <cd>an alloy of sodium and
mercury, usually produced as a gray metallic crystalline substance,
which is used as a reducing agent, and otherwise.</cd> --
<col><b>Sodium bicarbonate</b></col>, <cd>a white crystalline
substance, HNaCO<sub>3</sub>, with a slight alkaline taste resembling
that of sodium carbonate. It is found in many mineral springs and also
produced artificially,. It is used in cookery, in baking powders, and
as a source of carbonic acid gas (carbon dioxide) for soda water.
Called also <i>cooking soda</i>, <i>saleratus</i>, and technically,
<i>acid sodium carbonate</i>, <i>primary sodium carbonate</i>,
<i>sodium dicarbonate</i>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Sodium
carbonate</b></col>, <cd>a white crystalline substance,
Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>.<sub>10</sub>H<sub>2</sub>O, having a
cooling alkaline taste, found in the ashes of many plants, and
produced artifically in large quantities from common salt. It is used
in making soap, glass, paper, etc., and as alkaline agent in many
chemical industries. Called also <i>sal soda</i>, <i>washing soda</i>,
or <i>soda</i>.  Cf. <i>Sodium bicarbonate</i>, above and
<u>Trona</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sodium chloride</b></col>, <cd>common,
or table, salt, NaCl.</cd> -- <col><b>Sodium hydroxide</b></col>,
<cd>a white opaque brittle solid, NaOH, having a fibrous structure,
produced by the action of quicklime, or of calcium hydrate (milk of
lime), on sodium carbonate. It is a strong alkali, and is used in the
manufacture of soap, in making wood pulp for paper, etc. Called also
<i>sodium hydrate</i>, and <i>caustic soda</i>. By extension, a
solution of sodium hydroxide.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sod"om*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An inhabitant of Sodom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One guilty of sodomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sod`om*it"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or of the nature of, sodomy.</def> -- <wf>Sod`om*it"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sod"om*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Sodom</i>. a
country mentioned in the Bible: cf. F. <i>sodomite</i>.] <def>Carnal
copulation in a manner against nature; buggery.</def>  <i>Gen. xix.
5.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Soe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot. <i>sae</i>,
<i>say</i>, <i>saye</i>; cf. Icel. <i>s&amacr;r</i> a large cask, Sw.
<i>s&?;</i> a tub.] <def>A large wooden vessel for holding water; a
cowl.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*ev"er</hw> (?). <def>A word compounded of <i>so</i> and
<i>ever</i>, used in composition with <i>who</i>, <i>what</i>,
<i>where</i>, <i>when</i>, <i>how</i>, etc., and indicating any out of
all possible or supposable persons, things, places, times, ways, etc.
It is sometimes used separate from the pronoun or adverb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For unto whom<i>soever</i> much is given, of him shall
be much required.</blockquote> <i>Luke xii. 48.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What great thing <i>soever</i> a man proposed to do in
his life, he should think of achieving it by fifty.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"fa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sofas</b></plw> (#). [Ar. <i>soffah</i>, from <i>saffa</i> to
dispose in order: cf. F. <i>sofa</i>, It. <i>sof&agrave;</i>.] <def>A
long seat, usually with a cushioned bottom, back, and ends; -- much
used as a comfortable piece of furniture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let fall the curtains, wheel the <i>sofa</i>
round.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sofa bed</b></col>, <cd>a sofa so contrived that it may be
extended to form a bed; -- called also <i>sofa bedstead</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sof"fit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>soffitta</i>,
<i>soffitto</i>, fr. <i>soffiggere</i> to hide, properly, to fix or
fasten under, L. <i>suffigere</i> to fasten beneath or below;
<i>sub</i> under, beneath + <i>figere</i> to fix, faste: cf. F.
<i>soffite</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The under side of the subordinate
parts and members of buildings, such as staircases, entablatures,
archways, cornices, or the like. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Lintel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"fi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sofis</b></plw> (&?;). <def>Same as <u>Sufi</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"fism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Sufism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soft</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Softer</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Softest</u>.] [OE.
<i>softe</i>, AS. <i>s&?;fte</i>, properly adv. of <i>s&?;fte</i>,
adj.; akin to OS. <i>s&amacr;fto</i>, adv., D. <i>zacht</i>, OHG.
<i>samfto</i>, adv., <i>semfti</i>, adj., G. <i>sanft</i>, LG.
<i>sacht</i>; of uncertain origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Easily
yielding to pressure; easily impressed, molded, or cut; not firm in
resisting; impressible; yielding; also, malleable; -- opposed to
<i>hard</i>; as, a <i>soft</i> bed; a <i>soft</i> peach; <i>soft</i>
earth; <i>soft</i> wood or metal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not rough, rugged, or harsh to the touch;
smooth; delicate; fine; as, <i>soft</i> silk; a <i>soft</i>
skin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They that wear <i>soft</i> clothing are in king's
houses.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xi. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, agreeable to feel, taste, or inhale;
not irritating to the tissues; as, a <i>soft</i> liniment; <i>soft</i>
wines.</def> "The <i>soft</i>, delicious air."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not harsh or offensive to the sight; not
glaring; pleasing to the eye; not exciting by intensity of color or
violent contrast; as, <i>soft</i> hues or tints.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sun, shining upon the upper part of the clouds . .
. made the <i>softest</i> lights imaginable.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Not harsh or rough in sound; gentle and
pleasing to the ear; flowing; as, <i>soft</i> whispers of
music.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her voice was ever <i>soft</i>,<BR>
Gentle, and low, -- an excellent thing in woman.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Soft</i> were my numbers; who could take
offense?</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Easily yielding; susceptible to influence;
flexible; gentle; kind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would to God my heart were flint, like Edward's;<BR>
Or Edward's <i>soft</i> and pitiful, like mine.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The meek or <i>soft</i> shall inherit the
earth.</blockquote> <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Expressing gentleness, tenderness, or the
like; mild; conciliatory; courteous; kind; as, <i>soft</i>
eyes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>soft</i> answer turneth away wrath.</blockquote>
<i>Prov. xv. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A face with gladness overspread,<BR>
<i>Soft</i> smiles, by human kindness bred.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Effeminate; not courageous or manly,
weak.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A longing after sensual pleasures is a dissolution of
the spirit of a man, and makes it loose, <i>soft</i>, and
wandering.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Gentle in action or motion; easy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On her <i>soft</i> axle, white she paces even,<BR>
And bears thee soft with the smooth air along.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Weak in character; impressible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The deceiver soon found this <i>soft</i> place of
Adam's.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Somewhat weak in intellect.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He made <i>soft</i> fellows stark noddies, and such as
were foolish quite mad.</blockquote> <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>Quiet; undisturbed; paceful; as,
<i>soft</i> slumbers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>Having, or consisting of, a gentle curve
or curves; not angular or abrupt; as, <i>soft</i> outlines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>Not tinged with mineral salts; adapted to
decompose soap; as, <i>soft</i> water is the best for
washing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <i>(Phonetics)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Applied to a palatal, a sibilant, or a dental consonant (as
<i>g</i> in <i>gem</i>, <i>c</i> in <i>cent</i>, etc.) as
distinguished from a guttural mute (as <i>g</i> in <i>go</i>, <i>c</i>
in <i>cone</i>, etc.); -- opposed to <i>hard</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Belonging to the class of sonant elements as
distinguished from the surd, and considered as involving less force in
utterance; as, <i>b</i>, <i>d</i>, <i>g</i>, <i>z</i>, <i>v</i>, etc.,
in contrast with <i>p</i>, <i>t</i>, <i>k</i>, <i>s</i>, <i>f</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Soft clam</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the common or
long clam (<i>Mya arenaria</i>). See <u>Mya</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Soft
coal</b></col>, <cd>bituminous coal, as distinguished from
<i>anthracite</i>, or <i>hard, coal</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Soft
crab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any crab which has recently
shed its shell.</cd> -- <col><b>Soft dorsal</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the posterior part of the dorsal fin of
fishes when supported by soft rays.</cd> -- <col><b>Soft
grass</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Velvet grass</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Soft money</b></col>, <cd>paper money, as distinguished from
<i>coin</i>, or <i>hard money</i>.</cd> [Colloq. U.S.] -- <col><b>Soft
mute</b></col>. <i>(Phonetics)</i> <cd>See <u>Media</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Soft palate</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Palate</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Soft ray</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a fin ray which is articulated and usually branched.</cd> --
<col><b>Soft soap</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Soap</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Soft-tack</b></col>, <cd>leavened bread, as distinguished from
<i>hard-tack</i>, or <i>ship bread</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Soft
tortoise</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any river tortoise of the
genus Trionyx. See <u>Trionyx</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Soft</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A soft or foolish
person; an idiot.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soft</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Softly; without
roughness or harshness; gently; quietly.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A knight <i>soft</i> riding toward them.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soft</hw>, <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>Be quiet; hold; stop;
not so fast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Soft</i>, you; a word or two before you
go.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sof"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corruption of Per.
<i>s&?;khtah</i> one who burns, is ardent or zealous.] <def>Any one
attached to a Mohammedan mosque, esp. a student of the higher branches
of theology in a mosque school.</def> [Written also
<i>sophta</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sof"ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Softened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Softening</u>.] <def>To make soft or more soft.</def> Specifically:
--</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To render less hard; -- said of
matter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their arrow's point they <i>soften</i> in the
flame.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To mollify; to make less fierce or
intractable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Diffidence conciliates the proud, and <i>softens</i>
the severe.</blockquote> <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To palliate; to represent as less
enormous; as, to <i>soften</i> a fault.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To compose; to mitigate; to
assuage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Music can <i>soften</i> pain to ease.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> To make calm and placid.</p>

<p><blockquote>All that cheers or <i>softens</i> life.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>To make less harsh, less rude, less
offensive, or less violent, or to render of an opposite
quality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He bore his great commision in his look,<BR>
But tempered awe, and <i>softened</i> all he spoke.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <def>To make less glaring; to tone down; as, to
<i>soften</i> the coloring of a picture.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <def>To make tender; to make effeminate; to
enervate; as, troops <i>softened</i> by luxury.</def>
</p>

<p><sd><i>(i)</i></sd> <def>To make less harsh or grating, or of a
quality the opposite; as, to <i>soften</i> the voice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sof"ten</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become soft or
softened, or less rude, harsh, severe, or obdurate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sof"ten*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, softens.</def> [Written also, less properly, softner.]</p>

<p><hw>Sof"ten*ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Soften</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Softening of the brain</b></col>, or <col><b>Cerebral
softening</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a localized softening of the
brain substance, due to hemorrhage or inflammation. Three varieties,
distinguished by their color and representing different stages of the
morbid process, are known respectively as <i>red</i>, <i>yellow</i>,
and <i>white</i>, <i>softening</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Soft"-finned`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the fin rays cartilaginous or
flexible; without spines; -- said of certain fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soft"-head`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Weak in
intellect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soft"-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
softness or tenderness of heart; susceptible of pity or other kindly
affection; gentle; meek.</def> -- <wf>Soft"-heart`ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Soft"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
soft.</def>  <i>De Witt Clinton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soft"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A soft,
effeminate person; a voluptuary.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Woolton. .</i></p>

<p><hw>Soft"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a soft
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soft"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Softener</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soft"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>s&?;ftness</i>, <i>s&?;ftnyss</i>.] <def>The quality or state of
being soft; -- opposed to <i>hardness</i>, and used in the various
specific senses of the adjective.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soft"-shell`</hw> (?), <hw>Soft"-shelled`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a soft or fragile shell.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Soft-shell clam</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the long
clam. See <u>Mya</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Soft-shelled crab</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See the Note under <u>Crab</u>, 1.</cd> --
<col><b>Soft-shelled turtle</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as
<i>Soft tortoise</i>, under <u>Soft</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Soft"-spo`ken</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Speaking
softly; having a mild or gentle voice; hence, mild; affable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sog"gi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being soggy; soddenness; wetness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sog"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Soggier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Soggiest</u>.] [Cf. Icel.
<i>s&ouml;ggr</i> damp, wet, or E. <i>soak</i>.] <def>Filled with
water; soft with moisture; sodden; soaked; wet; as, <i>soggy</i> land
or timber.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*ho"</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>Ho; -- a word
used in calling from a distant place; a sportsman's halloo.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Soi`-di`sant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Calling himself; self-styled; pretended; would-be.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soil</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Soiled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Soiling</u>.] [OF. <i>saoler</i>, <i>saouler</i>, to satiate, F.
<i>so&ucirc;ler</i>, L. <i>satullare</i>, fr. <i>satullus</i>, dim. of
<i>satur</i> sated. See <u>Satire</u>.] <def>To feed, as cattle or
horses, in the barn or an inclosure, with fresh grass or green food
cut for them, instead of sending them out to pasture; hence (such food
having the effect of purging them), to purge by feeding on green food;
as, to <i>soil</i> a horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soil</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>soile</i>, F.
<i>sol</i>, fr. L. <i>solum</i> bottom, soil; but the word has
probably been influenced in form by <i>soil</i> a miry place.  Cf.
<u>Saloon</u>, <u>Soil</u> a miry place, <u>Sole</u> of the foot.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The upper stratum of the earth; the mold, or
that compound substance which furnishes nutriment to plants, or which
is particularly adapted to support and nourish them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Land; country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Must I thus leave thee, Paradise? thus leave<BR>
Thee, native <i>soil</i>?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Dung; f&aelig;ces; compost; manure; as,
night <i>soil</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Improve land by dung and other sort of
<i>soils</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Soil pipe</b></col>, <cd>a pipe or drain for carrying off
night soil.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Soil</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To enrich with soil or
muck; to manure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men . . . <i>soil</i> their ground, not that they love
the dirt, but that they expect a crop.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soil</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>soil</i>, <i>souil</i>,
F. <i>souille</i>, from OF. <i>soillier</i>, F. <i>souiller</i>. See
<u>Soil</u> to make dirty.] <def>A marshy or miry place to which a
hunted boar resorts for refuge; hence, a wet place, stream, or tract
of water, sought for by other game, as deer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As deer, being stuck, fly through many
<i>soils</i>,<BR>
Yet still the shaft sticks fast.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To take soil</b></col>, <cd>to run into the mire or water;
hence, to take refuge or shelter.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>O, sir, have you <i>taken soil</i> here? It is well a
man may reach you after three hours' running.</blockquote> <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soil</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>[OE. <i>soilen</i>, OF.
<i>soillier</i>, F. <i>souiller</i>, (assumed) LL. <i>suculare</i>,
fr. L. <i>sucula</i> a little pig, dim. of <i>sus</i> a swine. See
<u>Sow</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make
dirty or unclean on the surface; to foul; to dirty; to defile; as, to
<i>soil</i> a garment with dust.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our wonted ornaments now <i>soiled</i> and
stained.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stain or mar, as with infamy or
disgrace; to tarnish; to sully.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To foul; dirt; dirty; begrime; bemire; bespatter;
besmear; daub; bedaub; stain; tarnish; sully; defile; pollute.</p>

<p><hw>Soil</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become soiled; as,
light colors <i>soil</i> sooner than dark ones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soil</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Soil</u> to make dirty,
<u>Soil</u> a miry place.] <def>That which soils or pollutes; a soiled
place; spot; stain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A lady's honor . . . will not bear a
<i>soil</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soil"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Stain;
foulness.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soil"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of soil or
mold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soil"ure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>soillure</i>,
F. <i>souillure</i>. See <u>Soil</u> to make dirty.] <def>Stain;
pollution.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then fearing rust or <i>soilure</i>, fashioned for
it<BR>
A case of silk.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soil"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dirty; soiled.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Soi`ree"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>soir</i>
evening, fr. L. <i>serus</i> late, <i>serum</i> late time.  Cf.
<u>Serenade</u>.] <def>An evening party; -- distinguished from
<i>levee</i>, and <i>matin&eacute;e</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"ja</hw> (s&omacr;"j&adot; or s&omacr;"y&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An Asiatic leguminous herb
(<i>Glycine Soja</i>) the seeds of which are used in preparing the
sauce called <i>soy</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"journ</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sojourned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sojourning</u>.] [OE. <i>sojornen</i>, <i>sojournen</i>, OF.
<i>sojorner</i>, <i>sejorner</i>, F. <i>s&eacute;journer</i>, fr. L.
<i>sub</i> under, about + <i>diurnus</i> belonging to the day. See
<u>Journal</u>, <u>Diurnal</u>.] <def>To dwell for a time; to dwell or
live in a place as a temporary resident or as a stranger, not
considering the place as a permanent habitation; to delay; to
tarry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Abram went down into Egypt to <i>sojourn</i>
there.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xii. 30.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Home he goeth, he might not longer
<i>sojourn</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The soldiers first assembled at Newcastle, and there
<i>sojourned</i> three days.</blockquote> <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"journ</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>sujurn</i>,
<i>sujur</i>, <i>sejor</i>, F. <i>s&eacute;jour</i>. See
<u>Sojourn</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>A temporary residence,
as that of a traveler in a foreign land.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though long detained<BR>
In that obscure <i>sojourn</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"journ*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
sojourns.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are strangers before thee, and
<i>sojourners</i>.</blockquote> <i>1. Chron. xxix. 15.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"journ*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or state
of one who sojourns.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"journ*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Temporary
residence, as that of a stranger or a traveler.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Soke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eng.
Law)</i> <def>See <u>Soc</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1367 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the small territorial divisions into
which Lincolnshire, England, is divided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soke"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Socman</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soke"man*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Socmanry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sok"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Socome</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A toll. See <u>Soc</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
2.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Great <i>sooken</i> had this miller, out of
doubt.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A district held by socage.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"ko</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An African anthropoid ape, supposed to be a variety of the
chimpanzee.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The sun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Alchem.)</i> <def>Gold; -- so called from
its brilliancy, color, and value.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A syllable applied in solmization to the note
G, or to the fifth tone of any diatonic scale.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The tone itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sou</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sou.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A silver and gold coin of Peru. The silver
<i>sol</i> is the unit of value, and is worth about 68
cents.</def></p>

<p><hw>||So"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L., fem. of
<i>solus</i>.] <def>See <u>Solus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"la</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A leguminous plant (<i>&AElig;schynomene aspera</i>) growing in
moist places in Southern India and the East Indies. Its pithlike stem
is used for making hats, swimming-jackets, etc.</def> [Written also
<i>solah</i>, <i>shola</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sol"ace</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>solas</i>,
<i>ssoulaz</i>, L. <i>solacium</i>, <i>solatium</i>, fr. <i>solari</i>
to comfort, console.  Cf. <u>Console</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Comfort in grief; alleviation of grief or
anxiety; also, that which relieves in distress; that which cheers or
consoles; relief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In business of mirth and of <i>solace</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The proper <i>solaces</i> of age are not music and
compliments, but wisdom and devotion.</blockquote> <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rest; relaxation; ease.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To make his steed some <i>solace</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Comfort; consolation; alleviation; relief.</p>

<p><hw>Sol"ace</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Solaced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Solacing</u> (?).] [OF. <i>solacier</i>, <i>soulacier</i>, F.
<i>solacier</i>, LL. <i>solatiare</i>. See <u>Solace</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cheer in grief or
under calamity; to comfort; to relieve in affliction, solitude, or
discomfort; to console; -- applied to persons; as, to <i>solace</i>
one with the hope of future reward.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To allay; to assuage; to soothe; as, to
<i>solace</i> grief.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To comfort; assuage; allay. See <u>Comfort</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sol"ace</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take comfort; to
be cheered.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"ace*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
solacing, or the state of being solaced; also, that which
solaces.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>So*la"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>solacieux</i>.] <def>Affording solace; as, a <i>solacious</i>
voice.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol`a*na"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to plants of the natural order
<i>Solanace&aelig;</i>, of which the nightshade (<i>Solanum</i>) is
the type. The order includes also the tobacco, ground cherry, tomato,
eggplant, red pepper, and many more.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"land</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A solan goose.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*lan"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sallenders</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"lan goose`</hw> (?). [Icel. <i>s&?;la</i>; akin to Norw.
<i>sula</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common gannet.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*la"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Solanine.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*lan"i*cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Solanine</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An alkaloid produced by the
action of hydrochloric acid on solanidine, as a tasteless yellow
crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*lan"i*dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Solanine</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An alkaloid produced by the
decomposition of solanine, as a white crystalline substance having a
harsh bitter taste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"a*nine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>solanum</i>
nightshade.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A poisonous alkaloid glucoside
extracted from the berries of common nightshade (<i>Solanum
nigrum</i>), and of bittersweet, and from potato sprouts, as a white
crystalline substance having an acrid, burning taste; -- called also
<i>solonia</i>, and <i>solanina</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>||So*la"no</hw> (?), [Sp., fr. L. <i>solanus</i> (sc.
<i>ventus</i>), from <i>sol</i> the sun.] <def>A hot, oppressive wind
which sometimes blows in the Mediterranean, particularly on the
eastern coast of Spain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"a*noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Solanum</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Resembling a potato; -- said of a
kind of cancer.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*la"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., nightshade.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants comprehending the potato (<i>S.
tuberosum</i>), the eggplant (<i>S. melongena</i>, and several hundred
other species; nightshade.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>soler</i>, AS.
<i>solere</i>, L. <i>solarium</i>, from <i>sol</i> the sun. See
<u>Solar</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A loft or upper chamber; a
garret room.</def> [Obs.] [Written also <i>soler</i>, <i>solere</i>,
<i>sollar</i>.]  <i>Oxf. Gloss.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"lar</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>solaris</i>, fr.
<i>sol</i> the sun; akin to As. <i>s&omacr;l</i>, Icel.
<i>s&omacr;l</i>, Goth. <i>sauil</i>, Lith. <i>saule</i>, W.
<i>haul</i>,. <i>sul</i>, Skr. <i>svar</i>, perhaps to E.
<i>sun</i>:F. <i>solaire</i>.  Cf. <u>Parasol</u>. <u>Sun</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the sun; proceeding from
the sun; as, the <i>solar</i> system; <i>solar</i> light; <i>solar</i>
rays; <i>solar</i> influence. See <i>Solar system</i>,
below.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>Born under the predominant
influence of the sun.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And proud beside, as <i>solar</i> people
are.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Measured by the progress or revolution of
the sun in the ecliptic; as, the <i>solar</i> year.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Produced by the action of the sun, or
peculiarly affected by its influence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They denominate some herbs <i>solar</i>, and some
lunar.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Solar cycle</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Cycle</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Solar day</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Day</u>, 2.</cd> --
<col><b>Solar engine</b></col>, <cd>an engine in which the energy of
solar heat is used to produce motion, as in evaporating water for a
steam engine, or expanding air for an air engine.</cd> --
<col><b>Solar flowers</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>flowers which open
and shut daily at certain hours.</cd> -- <col><b>Solar lamp</b></col>,
<cd>an argand lamp.</cd> -- <col><b>Solar microscope</b></col>, <cd>a
microscope consisting essentially, first, of a mirror for reflecting a
beam of sunlight through the tube, which sometimes is fixed in a
window shutter; secondly, of a condenser, or large lens, for
converging the beam upon the object; and, thirdly, of a small lens, or
magnifier, for throwing an enlarged image of the object at its focus
upon a screen in a dark room or in a darkened box.</cd></p>

<p> -- <col><b>Solar month</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Month</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Solar oil</b></col>, <cd>a paraffin oil used an illuminant
and lubricant.</cd> -- <col><b>Solar phosphori</b></col>
<i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>certain substances, as the diamond, siulphide of
barium (Bolognese or Bologna phosphorus), calcium sulphide, etc.,
which become phosphorescent, and shine in the dark, after exposure to
sunlight or other intense light.</cd> -- <col><b>Solar
plexus</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a nervous plexus situated in the
dorsal and anterior part of the abdomen, consisting of several
sympathetic ganglia with connecting and radiating nerve fibers; -- so
called in allusion to the radiating nerve fibers.</cd> --
<col><b>Solar spots</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Sun spots</i>, under
<u>Sun</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Solar system</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>,
<cd>the sun, with the group of celestial bodies which, held by its
attraction, revolve round it. The system comprises the major planets,
with their satellites; the minor planets, or asteroids, and the
comets; also, the meteorids, the matter that furnishes the zodiacal
light, and the rings of Saturn. The satellites that revolve about the
major planets are twenty-two in number, of which the Earth has one
(see <u>Moon</u>.), Mars two, Jupiter five, Saturn nine, Uranus four,
and Neptune one. The asteroids, between Mars and Jupiter, thus far
discovered (1900), number about five hundred, the first four of which
were found near the beginning of the century, and are called Ceres,
Pallas, Juno, and Vesta.</cd></p>

<p>  The principal elements of the major planets, and of the comets
seen at more than one perihelion passage, are exhibited in the
following tables: --</p>

<p>
<table>
<title> I. -- Major Planets.</title>
Symbol.Name.Mean distance -- that of the Earth being unity.Period in
days.Eccentricity.Inclination of orbit.Diameter in miles
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;
</table></p>

<p><table>
<title> II. -- Periodic Comets.</title>
Name.Greatest distance from sun.Least distance from sun.Inclination of
orbit.Perihelion passage.
<row><item></item><item></item><item></item><item></item><item>&deg;
&min; 54</item><item></item></row>
<row><item>Encke's</item><item>3.31</item><item>4.10</item><item>0.342
</item><item>12 54</item><item>1885.2</item></row>
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;
</table>
</p>

<p>-- <col><b>Solar telegraph</b></col>, <cd>telegraph for signaling
by flashes of reflected sunlight.</cd> -- <col><b>Solar
time</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Apparent time</i>, under
<u>Time</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||So*la"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Solaria</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Solar</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An apartment freely
exposed to the sun; anciently, an apartment or inclosure on the roof
of a house; in modern times, an apartment in a hospital, used as a
resort for convalescents.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
species of handsome marine spiral shells of the genus <i>Solarium</i>
and allied genera. The shell is conical, and usually has a large, deep
umbilicus exposing the upper whorls. Called also <i>perspective
shell</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So`lar*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Photog.)</i> <def>Injury of a photographic picture caused by
exposing it for too long a time to the sun's light in the camera;
burning; excessive insolation.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"lar*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Solarized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Solarizing</u> (?).] <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>To injure by too long
exposure to the light of the sun in the camera; to burn.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"lar*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Photog.)</i>
<def>To become injured by undue or too long exposure to the sun's rays
in the camera.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Solar.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"as</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Solace.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||So*la"ti*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Solace</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Anything which alleviates or
compensates for suffering or loss; a compensation; esp., an additional
allowance, as for injured feelings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sold</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Sell</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sold</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>solde</i>. See
<u>Soldier</u>, and cf. <u>Sou</u>.] <def>Solary; military pay.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"dan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[OE. <i>soudan</i>, F.
<i>soudan</i>, from the Arabic. See <u>Sultan</u>.] <def>A
sultan.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"da*nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant of the genus <i>Soldanella</i>, low Alpine herbs of the Primrose
family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"dan*rie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The country
ruled by a soldan, or sultan.</def> [Poet.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formerly <i>soder</i>;
F. <i>soudure</i>, OF. <i>soudeure</i>, fr. OF. & F. <i>souder</i> to
solder, L. <i>solidare</i> to fasten, to make solid. See <u>Solid</u>,
and cf. <u>Sawder</u>.] <def>A metal or metallic alloy used when
melted for uniting adjacent metallic edges or surfaces; a metallic
cement.</def> Hence, <def>anything which unites or cements.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hard solder</b></col>, <cd>a solder which fuses only at a
red heat, as one composed of zinc and copper, or silver and copper,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Soft solder</b></col>, <cd>a solder fusible at
comparatively low temperatures; as, plumbers' solder, consisting of
two parts lead and one part tin, is a <i>soft solder</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sol"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Soldered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Soldering</u>.] [Formerly<i>soder</i>. See <u>Solder</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To unite (metallic
surfaces or edges) by the intervention of a more fusible metal or
metallic alloy applied when melted; to join by means of metallic
cement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mend; to patch up.</def> "To
<i>solder</i> up a broken cause."  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"der*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
solders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"der*ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Solder</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Soldering iron</b></col>, <col><b>Soldering tool</b></col>,
<cd>an instrument for soldering, consisting of a bit or bolt of copper
having a pointed or wedge-shaped end, and furnished with a
handle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sol"dier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>souldier</i>,
<i>soudiour</i>, <i>souder</i>, OF. <i>soldier</i>, <i>soldoier</i>,
<i>soldeier</i>, <i>sodoier</i>, <i>soudoier</i>, <i>soudier</i>, fr.
L. <i>solidus</i> a piece of money (hence applied to the pay of a
soldier), fr. <i>solidus</i> solid. See <u>Solid</u>, and cf.
<u>Sold</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who is
engaged in military service as an officer or a private; one who serves
in an army; one of an organized body of combatants.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am a <i>soldier</i> and unapt to weep.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, a private in military service,
as distinguished from an officer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It were meet that any one, before he came to be a
captain, should have been a <i>soldier</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A brave warrior; a man of military
experience and skill, or a man of distinguished valor; -- used by way
of emphasis or distinction.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The red or cuckoo
gurnard (<i>Trigla pini</i>.)</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the asexual
polymorphic forms of white ants, or termites, in which the head and
jaws are very large and strong. The soldiers serve to defend the nest.
See <u>Termite</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Soldier beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an
American carabid beetle (<i>Chauliognathus Americanus</i>) whose larva
feeds upon other insects, such as the plum curculio.</cd> --
<col><b>Soldier bug</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any hemipterous
insect of the genus <i>Podisus</i> and allied genera, as the spined
<i>soldier bug</i> (<i>Podius spinosus</i>). These bugs suck the blood
of other insects.</cd> -- <col><b>Soldier crab</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The hermit crab.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The fiddler crab.</cd> -- <col><b>Soldier
fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a bright-colored etheostomoid
fish (<i>Etheostoma c&oelig;ruleum</i>) found in the Mississippi
River; -- called also <i>blue darter</i>, and <i>rainbow
darter</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Soldier fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any one of numerous species of small dipterous flies of the genus
<i>Stratyomys</i> and allied genera. They are often bright green, with
a metallic luster, and are ornamented on the sides of the back with
markings of yellow, like epaulets or shoulder straps.</cd> --
<col><b>Soldier moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large
geometrid moth (<i>Euschema militaris</i>), having the wings bright
yellow with bluish black lines and spots.</cd> -- <col><b>Soldier
orchis</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of orchis (<i>Orchis
militaris</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sol"dier</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To serve as a soldier.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a pretense of doing something, or
of performing any task.</def> [Colloq.U.S.]</p>

<p>&fist; In this sense the vulgar pronounciation
(s&omacr;"j&etilde;r) is jocosely preserved.</p>

<p><blockquote>It needs an opera glass to discover whether the leaders
are pulling, or only <i>soldiering</i>.</blockquote> <i>C. D.
Warner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"dier*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
soldier.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sol"dier*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of serving as a soldier; the state of being a soldier;
the occupation of a soldier.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of feigning to work. See the Note
under <u>Soldier</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, 2.</def> [Colloq.
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sol"dier*like"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
soldier; soldierly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"dier*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like or becoming a
real soldier; brave; martial; heroic; honorable; soldierlike.</def>
"<i>Soldierly</i> discipline."  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"dier*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Military
qualities or state; martial skill; behavior becoming a soldier.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"dier*wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A showy leguminous plant (<i>Calliandra purpurea</i>) of the West
Indies. The flowers have long tassels of purple stamens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"dier*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A body of soldiers; soldiers, collectivelly; the
military.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A camp of faithful <i>soldiery</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Military service.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sol"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Soldi</b></plw> (#). [It. See <u>Sou</u>.] <def>A small
Italian coin worth a sou or a cent; the twentieth part of a
lira.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sole</i>, L.
<i>solea</i>; -- so named from its flat shape. See <u>Sole</u> of the
foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any one of several
species of flatfishes of the genus <i>Solea</i> and allied genera of
the family <i>Soleid&aelig;</i>, especially the common European
species (<i>Solea vulgaris</i>), which is a valuable food fish.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any one of several American flounders
somewhat resembling the true sole in form or quality, as the
California sole (<i>Lepidopsetta bilineata</i>), the long-finned sole
(<i>Glyptocephalus zachirus</i>), and other species.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lemon</b></col>, or <col><b>French</b></col>,
<col><b>sole</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a European species of
sole (<i>Solea pegusa</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Smooth sole</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the megrim.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1368 !></p>

<p><hw>Sole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sole</i>, fr. L.
<i>soolea</i> (or rather an assumed L. <i>sola</i>), akin to
<i>solum</i>round, soil, sole of the foot.  Cf. <u>Exile</u>,
<u>Saloon</u>, <u>Soil</u> earth, <u>Sole</u> the fish.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The bottom of the foot; hence, also, rarely,
the foot itself.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dove found no rest for the <i>sole</i> of her
foot.</blockquote> <i>Gen. viii. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hast wandered through the world now long a day,<BR>
Yet ceasest not thy weary <i>soles</i> to lead.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The bottom of a shoe or boot, or the piece
of leather which constitutes the bottom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The "caliga" was a military shoe, with a very thick
<i>sole</i>, tied above the instep.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The bottom or lower part of anything, or
that on which anything rests in standing.</def> Specifially:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>The bottom of the body of a
plow; -- called also <i>slade</i>; also, the bottom of a furrow.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>The horny substance under a
horse's foot, which protects the more tender parts.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>The bottom of an
embrasure.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A piece of
timber attached to the lower part of the rudder, to make it even with
the false keel.</def> <i>Totten.</i> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd>
<i>(Mining)</i> <def>The seat or bottom of a mine; -- applied to
horizontal veins or lodes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sole leather</b></col>, <cd>thick, strong, used for making
the soles of boots and shoes, and for other purposes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sole</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Soled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Soling</u>.] <def>To furnish with a sole; as, to <i>sole</i> a
shoe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sole</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>solus</i>, or OF.
<i>sol</i>, F. <i>seul</i> (fr. L. <i>solus</i>; cf. L. <i>sollus</i>
whole, entire.  Cf. <u>Desolate</u>, <u>Solemn</u>, <u>Solo</u>,
<u>Sullen</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being or acting without
another; single; individual; only.</def> "The <i>sole</i> son of my
queen."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He, be sure . . . first and last will reign<BR>
<i>Sole</i> king.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Single; unmarried; as, a feme
<i>sole</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Corporation sole</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Corporation</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Single; individual; only; alone; solitary.</p>

<p><hw>Sol"e*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[F.
<i>sol&eacute;cisme</i>, L. <i>soloecismus</i>, Gr.
<grk>soloikismo`s</grk>, fr. <grk>soloiki`zein</grk> to speak or write
incorrectly, fr. <grk>so`loikos</grk> speaking incorrectly, from the
corruption of the Attic dialect among the Athenian colonists of
<grk>So`loi</grk> in Cilicia.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An impropriety
or incongruity of language in the combination of words or parts of a
sentence; esp., deviation from the idiom of a language or from the
rules of syntax.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A barbarism may be in one word; a <i>solecism</i> must
be of more.</blockquote> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any inconsistency, unfitness, absurdity, or
impropriety, as in deeds or manners.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>C&aelig;sar, by dismissing his guards and retaining his
power, committed a dangerous <i>solecism</i> in politics.</blockquote>
<i>C. Middleton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The idea of having committed the slightest
<i>solecism</i> in politeness was agony to him.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Barbarism; impropriety; absurdity.</p>

<p><hw>Sol"e*cist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;.]
<def>One who commits a solecism.</def>  <i>Blackwall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol`e*cis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Solecistical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol`e*cis"tic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or involving, a solecism; incorrect.</def> "He thought it made the
language <i>solecistical</i> and absurd."  <i>Blackwall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol`e*cis"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
solecistic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"e*cize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;.] <def>To commit a solecism.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sole"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Singly; alone;
only; without another; as, to rest a cause <i>solely</i> one argument;
to rely <i>solely</i>n one's own strength.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"emn</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>solempne</i>,
OF. <i>solempne</i>, L. <i>solemnis</i>, <i>solennis</i>,
<i>sollemnis</i>, <i>sollennis</i>; <i>sollus</i> all, entire +
<i>annus</i> a year; properly, that takes place every year; -- used
especially of religious solemnities.  Cf. <u>Silly</u>,
<u>Annual</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Marked with religious rites
and pomps; enjoined by, or connected with, religion; sacred.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His holy rites and <i>solemn</i> feasts
profaned.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The worship of this image was advanced, and a
<i>solemn</i> supplication observed everry year.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to a festival; festive;
festal.</def> [Obs.] "On this <i>solemn</i> day."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Stately; ceremonious; grand.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>His feast so <i>solemn</i> and so rich.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To-night we hold a <i>splemn</i> supper.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fitted to awaken or express serious
reflections; marked by seriousness; serious; grave; devout; as, a
<i>solemn</i> promise; <i>solemn</i> earnestness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor wanting power to mitigate and swage<BR>
With <i>solemn</i> touches troubled thoughts.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There reigned a <i>solemn</i> silence over
all.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Real; earnest; downright.</def> [Obs. &
R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Frederick, the emperor, . . . has spared no expense in
strengthening this city; since which time we find no <i>solemn</i>
taking it by the Turks.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Affectedly grave or serious; as, to put on
a <i>solemn</i> face.</def> "A <i>solemn</i> coxcomb."
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Made in form; ceremonious; as,
<i>solemn</i> war; conforming with all legal requirements; as, probate
in <i>solemn</i> form.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i>  <i>Jarman.</i>
<i>Greenleaf.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Solemn League and Covenant</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Covenant</u>, 2.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Grave; formal; ritual; ceremonial; sober; serious;
reverential; devotional; devout. See <u>Grave</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sol"em*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def><u>Solemnness</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some think he wanted <i>solemnes</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*lem"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Solemnities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>solemnitas</i>,
<i>solennitas</i>: cf. F. <i>solennit&eacute;</i>,
<i>solemnit&eacute;</i>, OF. also <i>sollempnit&eacute;</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A rite or ceremony performed with religious
reverence; religious or ritual ceremony; as, the <i>solemnity</i> of a
funeral, a sacrament.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Great was the cause; our old <i>solemnities</i><BR>
From no blind zeal or fond tradition rise,<BR>
But saved from death, our Argives yearly pay<BR>
These grateful honors to the god of day.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>ceremony adapted to impress with
awe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The forms and <i>solemnities</i> of the last
judgment.</blockquote> <i>Atterburry.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Ceremoniousness; impressiveness;
seriousness; grave earnestness; formal dignity; gravity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With much glory and great
<i>solemnity</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The statelines and gravity of the Spaniards shows
itself in the <i>solemnity</i> of their language.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These promises were often made with great
<i>solemnity</i> and confirmed with an oath.</blockquote> <i>J.
Edwards.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hence, affected gravity or
seriousness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Solemnity</i> 's a cover for a sot.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Solemn state or feeling; awe or reverence;
also, that which produces such a feeling; as, the <i>solemnity</i> of
an audience; the <i>solemnity</i> of Westminster Abbey.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A solemn or formal observance;
proceeding according to due form; the formality which is necessary to
render a thing done valid.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*lem"ni*zate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
solemnize; as, to <i>solemnizate</i> matrimony.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol`em*ni*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>solemnisation</i>, <i>solennisation</i>.] <def>The act of
solemnizing; celebration; as, the <i>solemnization</i> of a
marriage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"em*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Solemnized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Solemnizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>solemniser</i>,
<i>sollemniser</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To perform with solemn or
ritual ceremonies, or according to legal forms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Baptism to be administered in one place, and marriage
<i>solemnized</i> in another.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dignify or honor by ceremonies; to
celebrate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their choice nobility and flowers . . . <BR>
Met from all parts to <i>solemnize</i> this feast.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make grave, serious, and
reverential.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wordsworth was <i>solemnizzed</i> and elevated by this
his first look on Yarrow.</blockquote> <i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every Israelite . . . arose, <i>solemnized</i> his
face, looked towards Jerusalem . . . and prayed.</blockquote> <i>L.
Wallace.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"em*nize</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Solemnization.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Though spoused, yet wanting wedlock's
<i>solemnize</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"em*ni`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
solemnizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"emn*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a solemn
manner; with gravity; seriously; formally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There in deaf murmurs <i>solemnly</i> are
wise.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I do <i>solemnly</i> assure the reader.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"emn*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being solemn; solemnity; impressiveness; gravity; as, the
<i>solemnness</i> of public worship.</def> [Written also
<i>solemness</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>So*lemp"ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Solemn</u>.]
<def>Solemn; grand; stately; splendid; magnificent.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||So"len</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;
channel, a shellfish.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A cradle,
as for a broken limb. See <u>Cradle</u>, 6.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any marine bivalve
mollusk belonging to <i>Solen</i> or allied genera of the family
<i>Solenid&aelig;</i>; a razor shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol`e*na"cean</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i>. <def>Any species of marine bivalve shells
belonging to the family <i>Solenid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol`e*na"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the solens or family
<i>Solenid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sole"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being sole, or alone; singleness.</def> [R.]  <i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sole*nette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small European sole (<i>Solea minuta</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||So*le`no*con"cha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Solen</u>, and <u>Conch</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Scaphopoda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*le"no*don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; a
channel + &?;&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;, a tooth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Either one of two species of singular West Indian insectivores,
allied to the tenrec. One species (<i>Solendon paradoxus</i>), native
of St. Domingo, is called also <i>agouta</i>; the other (<i>S.
Cubanus</i>), found in Cuba, is called <i>almique</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*le`no*gas"tra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; channel + &?;&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;&?;, stomach.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of lowly organized Mollusca
belonging to the Isopleura. A narrow groove takes the place of the
foot of other gastropods.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*le"no*glyph</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the Selenoglypha. See
<u>Ophidia</u>.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Selenoglypha.</def></p>

<p><hw>||So`le*nog"ly*pha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; a channel + &?;&?;&?;&?; to engrave.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A suborder of serpents including those which
have tubular erectile fangs, as the viper and rattlesnake. See
<u>Fang</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"len*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[Gr. &?;&?;&?; channel
+ <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>An electrodynamic spiral having
the conjuctive wire turned back along its axis, so as to neutralize
that component of the effect of the current which is due to the length
of the spiral, and reduce the whole effect to that of a series of
equal and parallel circular currents. When traversed by a current the
solenoid exhibits polarity and attraction or repulsion, like a
magnet.</def></p>

<p><hw>||So`le*nos"to*mi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?; a channel + &?;&?;&?;&?; a mouth.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tribe of lophobranch fishes having a
tubular snout. The female carries the eggs in a ventral
pouch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sole"plate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A bedplate; as, the <i>soleplate</i> of a
steam engine.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The plate forming the
back of a waterwheel bucket.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>So"ler</hw> (?), <hw>So"lere</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. See <u>Solar</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A loft or garret.
See <u>Solar</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"lert</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>solers</i>,
<i>sollers</i>, <i>-ertis</i>,clever, skillful.] <def>Skillful;
clever; crafty.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*ler"tious*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being solert.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hacket.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sole"ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being sole, or alone; soleness.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir E. Dering.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol`-fa"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sol-faed</u> (?);<pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sol-faing</u>.] [It. <i>solfa</i> the gamut, from the syllables
<i>fa</i>, <i>sol</i>.] <def>To sing the notes of the gamut, ascending
or descending; as, <i>do</i> or <i>ut</i>, <i>re</i>, <i>mi</i>,
<i>fa</i>, <i>sol</i>, <i>la</i>, <i>si</i>, <i>do</i>, or the same in
reverse order.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet can I neither <i>solfe</i> ne sing.</blockquote>
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"-fa"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The gamut, or musical
scale. See <i>Tonic sol-fa</i>, under <u>Tonic</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Sol`fa*na"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., from
<i>solfo</i> sulphur.] <def>A sulphur mine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sol`fa*ta"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[It., from
<i>solfo</i> brimstone, sulphur, L. <i>sulfur</i>, E. <i>sulphur</i>.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A volcanic area or vent which yields only sulphur
vapors, steam, and the like. It represents the stages of the volcanic
activity.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sol`feg*gia"re</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>[It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To sol-fa. See <u>Sol-fa</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>||Sol*feg"gio</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[It., fr.
<i>solfa</i> the gamut.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The system of arranging
the scale by the names <i>do</i>, <i>re</i>, <i>mi</i>, <i>fa</i>,
<i>sol</i>, <i>la</i>, <i>si</i>, by which singing is taught; a
singing exercise upon these syllables.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol`fe*ri"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A brilliant
deep pink color with a purplish tinge, one of the dyes derived from
aniline; -- so called from Solferino in Italy, where a battle was
fought about the time of its discovery.</def></p>

<p><hw>||So"li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Solo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*lic"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Solicited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Soliciting</u>.] [F. <i>sollicier</i>, L. <i>sollicitare</i>,
<i>solicitare</i>, <i>-atum</i>, fr. <i>sollicitus</i> wholly (<i>i.
e.</i>, violently) moved; <i>sollus</i> whole + <i>citus</i>, p. p. of
<i>ciere</i> to move, excite. See <u>Solemn</u>, <u>Cite</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To ask from with earnestness; to make petition
to; to apply to for obtaining something; as, to <i>solicit</i> person
for alms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Did I <i>solicit</i> thee<BR>
From darkness to promote me?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To endeavor to obtain; to seek; to plead
for; as, to <i>solicit</i> an office; to <i>solicit</i> a
favor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I view my crime, but kindle at the view,<BR>
Repent old pleasures, and <i>solicit</i> new.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To awake or excite to action; to rouse
desire in; to summon; to appeal to; to invite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That fruit . . . <i>solicited</i> her longing
eye.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sounds and some tangible qualities <i>solicit</i> their
proper senses, and force an entrance to the mind.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To urge the claims of; to plead; to act as
solicitor for or with reference to.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Should<BR>
My brother henceforth study to forget<BR>
The vow that he hath made thee, I would ever<BR>
<i>Solicit</i> thy deserts.</blockquote> <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To disturb; to disquiet; -- a Latinism
rarely used.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hath any ill <i>solicited</i> thine ears?</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But anxious fears <i>solicit</i> my weak
breast.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> To beseech; ask; request; crave; supplicate; entreat;
beg; implore; importune. See <u>Beseech</u>.</p>

<p><hw>So*lic"it*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[L.
<i>sollicitans</i>, p. pr. ] <def>One who solicits.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*lic"it*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Solicitous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Eden.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*lic`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sollicitation</i>, or L. <i>sollicitatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of soliciting; earnest request; persistent asking;
importunity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Excitement; invitation; as, the
<i>solicitation</i> of the senses.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*lic"it*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>solliciteur</i>, L. <i>sollicitator</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who solicits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
attorney or advocate; one who represents another in court; --
formerly, in English practice, the professional designation of a
person admitted to practice in a court of chancery or equity. See the
Note under <u>Attorney</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The law
officer of a city, town, department, or government; as, the city
<i>solicitor</i>; the <i>solicitor</i> of the treasury.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*lic"it*or-gen"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
second law officer in the government of Great Britain; also, a similar
officer under the United States government, who is associated with the
attorney-general; also, the chief law officer of some of the
States.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*lic"it*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L.
<i>sollicitus</i>, <i>solicitus</i>. See <u>Solicit</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>Disposed to solicit; eager to obtain something
desirable, or to avoid anything evil; concerned; anxious;
careful.</def> "<i>Solicitous</i> of my reputation." <i>Dryden.</i>
"He was <i>solicitous</i> for his advice." <i>Calerendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Enjoy the present, whatsoever it be, and be not
<i>solicitous</i> about the future.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The colonel had been intent upon other things, and not
enough <i>solicitous</i> to finish the fortifications.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>So*lic"it*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>So*lic"it*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>So*lic"it*ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
solicits.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*lic"i*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sollicitude</i>,r L. <i>sollicitudo</i>.] <def>The state of being
solicitous; uneasiness of mind occasioned by fear of evil or desire
good; anxiety.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>The many cares and great labors of worldly men, their
<i>solicitude</i> and outward shows.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The mother looked at her with fond
<i>solicitude</i>.</blockquote> <i>G. W. Cable.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Carefulness; concern; anxiety. See <u>Care</u>.</p>

<p><! p. 1369 !></p>

<p><hw>Sol"id</hw> (s&obreve;l"&ibreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>solidus</i>, probably akin to <i>sollus</i> whole, entire, Gr.
&?;&?;&?;: cf. F. <i>solide</i>.  Cf. <u>Consolidate</u>,<u>Soda</u>,
<u>Solder</u>, <u>Soldier</u>, <u>Solemn</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the constituent parts so compact, or so firmly adhering,
as to resist the impression or penetration of other bodies; having a
fixed form; hard; firm; compact; -- opposed to <i>fluid</i> and
<i>liquid</i> or to <i>plastic</i>, like clay, or to <i>incompact</i>,
like sand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not hollow; full of matter; as, a
<i>solid</i> globe or cone, as distinguished from a <i>hollow</i> one;
not spongy; dense; hence, sometimes, heavy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arith.)</i> <def>Having all the geometrical
dimensions; cubic; as, a <i>solid</i> foot contains 1,728 <i>solid</i>
inches.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense, <i>cubic</i>s now generally used.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Firm; compact; strong; stable; unyielding;
as, a <i>solid</i> pier; a <i>solid</i> pile; a <i>solid</i>
wall.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Applied to a compound word whose parts are
closely united and form an unbroken word; -- opposed to
<i>hyphened</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Worthy of credit, trust, or esteem;
substantial, as opposed to <i>frivolous</i> or <i>fallacious</i>;
weighty; firm; strong; valid; just; genuine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>solid</i> purpose of a sincere and virtuous
answer.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These, wanting wit, affect gravity, and go by the name
of <i>solid</i> men.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The genius of the Italians wrought by <i>solid</i> toil
what the myth-making imagination of the Germans had projected in a
poem.</blockquote> <i>J. A. Symonds.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Sound; not weakly; as, a <i>solid</i>
constitution of body.</def>  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of a fleshy, uniform,
undivided substance, as a bulb or root; not spongy or hollow within,
as a stem.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>Impenetrable; resisting or
excluding any other material particle or atom from any given portion
of space; -- applied to the supposed ultimate particles of
matter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>Not having the lines
separated by leads; not open.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>United; without division; unanimous; as,
the delegation is <i>solid</i> for a candidate.</def> [Polit. Cant.
U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Solid angle</b></col>. <i>(Geom.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Angle</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Solid color</b></col>, <cd>an even
color; one not shaded or variegated.</cd> -- <col><b>Solid
green</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Emerald green</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>,
under <u>Green</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Solid measure</b></col>
<i>(Arith.)</i>, <cd>a measure for volumes, in which the units are
each a cube of fixed linear magnitude, as a cubic foot, yard, or the
like; thus, a foot, in <i>solid measure</i>, or a <i>solid foot</i>,
contains 1,728 solid inches.</cd> -- <col><b>Solid newel</b></col>
<i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a newel into which the ends of winding stairs are
built, in distinction from a <i>hollow newel</i>. See under
<u>Hollow</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Solid
problem</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a problem which can be construed
geometrically, only by the intersection of a circle and a conic
section or of two conic sections.</cd> <i>Hutton.</i> -- <col><b>Solid
square</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a square body or troops in which
the ranks and files are equal.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Hard; firm; compact; strong; substantial; stable;
sound; real; valid; true; just; weighty; profound; grave; important.
-- <u>Solid</u>, <u>Hard</u>. These words both relate to the internal
constitution of bodies; but <i>hard</i>notes a more impenetrable
nature or a firmer adherence of the component parts than <i>solid</i>.
<i>Hard</i> is opposed to <i>soft</i>, and <i>solid</i> to
<i>fluid</i>, <i>liquid</i>, <i>open</i>, or <i>hollow</i>. Wood is
usually <i>solid</i>; but some kinds of wood are <i>hard</i>, and
others are <i>soft</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Repose you there; while I [return] to this <i>hard</i>
house,<BR>
More <i>harder</i> than the stones whereof 't is raised.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I hear his thundering voice resound,<BR>
And trampling feet than shake the <i>solid</i> ground.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"id</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
substance that is held in a fixed form by cohesion among its
particles; a substance not fluid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A magnitude which has
length, breadth, and thickness; a part of space bounded on all
sides.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Solid of revolution</b></col>. <i>(Geom.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Revolution</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Sol`i*da"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>solidare</i> to strengthen, unite; -- so called in allusion to its
reputed healing qualities.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of yellow-
flowered composite perennial herbs; golden-rod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"i*dare</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>solidus</i>.
Cf. <u>Sou</u>.] <def>A small piece of money.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol`i*dar"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>solidarit&eacute;</i>, fr. <i>solide</i>. See <u>Solid</u>.]
<def>An entire union or consolidation of interests and
responsibilities; fellowship; community.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Solidarity</i> [a word which we owe to the French
Communists], signifies a fellowship in gain and loss, in honor and
dishonor, in victory and defeat, a being, so to speak, all in the same
boat.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>solidarity</i> . . . of Breton and Welsh
poetry.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"i*da*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
community of interests and responsibilities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> Men are <i>solidary</i>, or copartners; and not
isolated.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"i*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>solidatus</i>, p. p. of <i>solidare</i>. See <u>Solder</u>.]
<def>To make solid or firm.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*lid"i*fi`a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being solidified.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*lid`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>solidification</i>.] <def>Act of solidifying, or state of being
solidified.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*lid"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Solidified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Solidifying</u> (?).] [<i>Solid</i> + <i>-fy</i>: cf.
F. <i>solidifier</i>.] <def>To make solid or compact.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every machine is a <i>solidified</i> mechanical
theorem.</blockquote> <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*lid"i*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become solid;
to harden.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"id*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The doctrine that refers all diseases to morbid changes of the
solid parts of the body. It rests on the view that the solids alone
are endowed with vital properties, and can receive the impression of
agents tending to produce disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"id*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An
advocate of, or believer in, solidism.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*lid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>soliditas</i>: cf. F. <i>solidit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state or quality of being solid; density; consistency, --
opposed to <i>fluidity</i>; compactness; fullness of matter, --
opposed to <i>openness</i> or <i>hollowness</i>; strength; soundness,
-- opposed to <i>weakness</i> or <i>instability</i>; the primary
quality or affection of matter by which its particles exclude or
resist all others; hardness; massiveness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That which hinders the approach of two bodies when they
are moving one toward another, I call <i>solidity</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Moral firmness; soundness; strength;
validity; truth; certainty; -- as opposed to <i>weakness</i> or
<i>fallaciousness</i>; as, the <i>solidity</i> of arguments or
reasoning; the <i>solidity</i> of principles, triuths, or
opinions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The solid contents of a
body; volume; amount of inclosed space.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Firmness; solidness; hardness; density; compactness;
strength; soundness; validity; certainty.</p>

<p><hw>Sol"id*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a solid
manner; densely; compactly; firmly; truly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"id*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>State or quality of being solid; firmness; compactness; solidity,
as of material bodies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Soundness; strength; truth; validity, as of
arguments, reasons, principles, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sol`id*un"gu*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
L. <i>solidus</i> solid + <i>ungula</i> a hoof.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A tribe of ungulates which includes the horse, ass, and related
species, constituting the family <i>Equid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol`id*un"gu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Solipedous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol`id*un"gu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Solid</i>
+ <i>ungulate</i>.] <i>(Zool.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Soliped</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol`id*un"gu*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Solipedous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol`i*fid"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>solus</i>
alone + <i>fides</i> faith.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>One who maintains
that faith alone, without works, is sufficient for justification; --
opposed to <i>nullifidian</i>.</def>  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol`i*fid"i*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Holding the
tenets of Solifidians; of or pertaining to the solifidians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol`i*fid"i*an*ism</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
Solifidians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sol</i> sun +
<i>-form</i>.] <def>Like the sun in form, appearance, or nature;
resembling the sun.</def> [R.] "<i>Soliform</i> things."
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>||So*lif"u*g&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from L. <i>solifuga</i> (better <i>solipuga</i>), a kind of venomous
ant, or spider.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of arachnids
having large, powerful fangs and a segmented abdomen; -- called also
<i>Solpugidea</i>, and <i>Solpugides</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*lil"o*quize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Soliloquized</u> (#); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Soliloquizing</u> (#).] <def>To utter a soliloquy; to
talk to one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*lil"o*quy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Soliloquies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>soliloquium</i>;
<i>solus</i> alone + <i>loqui</i> to speak. See <u>Sole</u> ly, and
<u>Loquacious</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of talking to
one's self; a discourse made by one in solitude to one's self;
monologue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lovers are always allowed the comfort of
<i>soliloquy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A written composition, reciting what it is
supposed a person says to himself.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole poem is a <i>soliloquy</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"i*ped</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>solip&egrave;de</i>, It. <i>solipede</i>, Sp. <i>solipedo</i>;
apparently fr. L. <i>solus</i> alone + <i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, a
foot; but probably fr. L. <i>solidipes</i> solid-footed, whole-hoofed.
See <u>Solid</u>, and <u>Pedal</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A mammal
having a single hoof on each foot, as the horses and asses; a
solidungulate.</def> [Written also <i>solipede</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>solipeds</i>, or firm-hoofed animals, as horses,
asses, and mules, etc., -- they are, also, in mighty
number.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*lip"e*dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having single
hoofs.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*lip"sism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>solus</i>
alone + <i>ipse</i> self.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Ethics)</i>
<def>Egotism.</def>  <i>Krauth-Fleming.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>Egoism.</def>  <i>Krauth-
Fleming.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol`i*se"qui*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sol</i>
sun + <i>sequi</i> to follow.] <def>Following the course of the sun;
as, <i>solisequious</i> plants.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol`i*taire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Solitary</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A person who lives in
solitude; a recluse; a hermit.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A single diamond in a setting; also,
sometimes, a precious stone of any kind set alone.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Diamond <i>solitaires</i> blazing on his breast and
wrists.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. R. H. Davis.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A game which one person can play alone; --
applied to many games of cards, etc.; also, to a game played on a
board with pegs or balls, in which the object is, beginning with all
the places filled except one, to remove all but one of the pieces by
"jumping," as in draughts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
large extinct bird (<i>Pezophaps solitaria</i>) which formerly
inhabited the islands of Mauritius and Rodrigeuz. It was larger and
taller than the wild turkey. Its wings were too small for flight.
Called also <i>solitary</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any
species of American thrushlike birds of the genus <i>Myadestes</i>.
They are noted their sweet songs and retiring habits. Called also
<i>fly-catching thrush</i>. A West Indian species (<i>Myadestes
sibilans</i>) is called the <i>invisible bird</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol`i*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Solitary</u>.] <def>A hermit; a solitary.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir R.
Twisden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol`i*ta*ri"e*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being solitary; solitariness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"i*ta*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
solitary manner; in solitude; alone.</def>  <i>Mic. vii. 14.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"i*ta*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Condition of
being solitary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"i*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>solitarius</i>, fr. <i>solus</i> alone: cf. F. <i>solitaire</i>.
See <u>Sole</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Solitaire</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Living or being by one's self; having no
companion present; being without associates; single; alone;
lonely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those rare and <i>solitary</i>, these in
flocks.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hie home unto my chamber,<BR>
Where thou shalt find me, sad and <i>solitary</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Performed, passed, or endured alone; as, a
<i>solitary</i> journey; a <i>solitary</i> life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Satan . . . explores his <i>solitary</i>
flight.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not much visited or frequented; remote from
society; retired; lonely; as, a <i>solitary</i> residence or
place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not inhabited or occupied; without signs of
inhabitants or occupation; desolate; deserted; silent; still; hence,
gloomy; dismal; as, the <i>solitary</i> desert.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How doth the city sit <i>solitary</i>, that was full of
people.</blockquote> <i>Lam. i. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let that night be <i>solitary</i>; let no joyful voice
come therein.</blockquote> <i>Job iii. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Single; individual; sole; as, a
<i>solitary</i> instance of vengeance; a <i>solitary</i>
example.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Not associated with others of
the same kind.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Solitary ant</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
solitary hymenopterous insect of the family <i>Mutillid&aelig;</i>.
The female of these insects is destitute of wings and has a powerful
sting. The male is winged and resembles a wasp. Called also <i>spider
ant</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Solitary bee</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any species of bee which does not form communities.</cd> --
<col><b>Solitary sandpiper</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an
American tattler (<i>Totanus solitarius</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Solitary
snipe</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the great snipe.</cd> [Prov.
Eng.] -- <col><b>Solitary thrush</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>the
starling.</cd> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sol"i*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who lives
alone, or in solitude; an anchoret; a hermit; a recluse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"i*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from L.
<i>solitudo</i>, <i>solus</i> alone. See <u>Sole</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>state of being alone, or
withdrawn from society; a lonely life; loneliness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whosoever is delighted with <i>solitude</i> is either a
wild beast or a god.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O <i>Solitude</i>! where are the charms<BR>
That sages have seen in thy face?</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Remoteness from society; destitution of
company; seclusion; -- said of places; as, the <i>solitude</i> of a
wood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>solitude</i> of his little parish is become
matter of great comfort to him.</blockquote> <i>Law.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>solitary or lonely place; a desert or
wilderness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In these deep <i>solitudes</i> and awful cells<BR>
Where heavenly pensive contemplation dwells.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> Loneliness; soitariness; loneness; retiredness;
recluseness. -- <u>Solitude</u>, <u>Retirement</u>, <u>Seclusion</u>,
<u>Loneliness</u>. <i>Retirement</i> is a withdrawal from general
society, implying that a person has been engaged in its scenes.
<i>Solitude</i> describes the fact that a person is alone;
<i>seclusion</i>, that he is shut out from others, usually by his own
choice; <i>loneliness</i>, that he feels the pain and oppression of
being alone. Hence, <i>retirement</i> is opposed to a gay, active, or
public life; <i>solitude</i>, to society; <i>seclusion</i>, to freedom
of access on the part of others; and <i>loneliness</i>, enjoyment of
that society which the heart demands.</p>

<p><blockquote>O blest <i>retirement</i>, friend to life's
decline.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such only can enjoy the country who are capable of
thinking when they are there; then they are prepared for
<i>solitude</i>; and in that [the country] <i>solitude</i> is prepared
for them.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a place of <i>seclusion</i> from the external
world.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Horsley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These evils . . . seem likely to reduce it [a city] ere
long to the <i>loneliness</i> and the insignificance of a
village.</blockquote> <i>Eustace.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*liv"a*gant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>solus</i>
alone + <i>vagans</i> wandering.] <def>Wandering alone.</def> [R.]
<i>T. Grander.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*liv"a*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>solivagus</i>.] <def>Solivagant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>See <u>Solar</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A platform in a shaft,
especially one of those between the series of ladders in a
shaft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"lar</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover, or provide
with, a sollar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"lein</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sullen; sad.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol*ler*et"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>soleret</i>im. fr. OF. <i>soler</i> shoe.] <def>A flexible steel
shoe (or one of the plates forming such a shoe), worn with
medi&aelig;val armor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol`mi*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>solmisation</i>, fr. <i>solmiser</i> to sol-fa; -- called from the
musical notes <i>sol</i>, <i>mi</i>. See <u>Sol-fa</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>The act of sol-faing.</def> [Written also
<i>solmisation</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; This art was practiced by the Greeks; but six of the seven
syllables now in use are generally attributed to Guido d' Arezzo, an
Italian monk of the eleventh century, who is said to have taken them
from the first syllables of the first six lines of the following
stanza of a monkish hymn to St. John the Baptist. --</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ut</i> queant laxis<BR>
<i>Re</i>sonare fibris<BR>
<i>Mi</i>ra gestorum<BR>
<i>Fa</i>muli tuorum<BR>
<i>Sol</i>ve polluti<BR>
<i>La</i>bii reatum,<BR>
Sancte Joannes.</blockquote></p>

<p>Professor Skeat says the name of the seventh note, <i>si</i>, was
also formed by him [Guido] from the initials of the two words of the
last line; but this is disputed, Littr&eacute; attributing the first
use of it to Anselm of Flanders long afterwards. The syllable
<i>do</i> is often substituted for <i>ut</i>.
</p>

<p><hw>So"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Solos</b></plw> (#), It. <plw><b>Soli</b></plw> (#). [It.,
from L. <i>solus</i> alone. See <u>Sole</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A tune, air, strain, or a whole piece, played by a
single person on an instrument, or sung by a single voice.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"lo*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>One who
sings or plays a solo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"o*mon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the kings
of Israel, noted for his superior wisdom and magnificent reign; hence,
a very wise man.</def> -- <wf>Sol`o*mon"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Solomon's seal</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a perennial
liliaceous plant of the genus <i>Polygonatum</i>, having simple erect
or curving stems rising from thick and knotted rootstocks, and with
white or greenish nodding flowers. The commonest European species is
<i>Polygonatum multiflorum</i>.  <i>P. biflorum</i> and <i>P.
giganteum</i> are common in the Eastern United States. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Rootstock</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>False Solomon's
seal</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any plant of the liliaceous genus
<i>Smilacina</i> having small whitish flowers in terminal racemes or
panicles.</cd></p>

<p><hw>So"lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A celebrated
Athenian lawmaker, born about 638 <u>b. c.</u>; hence, a legislator; a
publicist; -- often used ironically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol*pu"gid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Solifug&aelig;.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Solifug&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sol`pu*gid"e*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Solifug&aelig;</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Solifug&aelig;</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"stice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[L. <i>solstitium</i>;
<i>sol</i> the sun + <i>sistere</i> to cause to stand, akin to
<i>stare</i> to stand: cf. F. <i>solstice</i>. See <u>Solar</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Stand</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stopping or standing still of the sun.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
point in the ecliptic at which the sun is farthest from the equator,
north or south, namely, the first point of the sign Cancer and the
first point of the sign Capricorn, the former being the <i>summer
solstice</i>, latter the <i>winter solstice</i>, in northern
latitudes; -- so called because the sun then apparently stands still
in its northward or southward motion.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The time of the sun's passing the solstices, or solstitial
points, namely, about June 21 and December 21. See <i>Illust.</i> in
Appendix.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1370 pr=RH !></p>

<p><hw>Sol*sti"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>solstitialis</i>: cf. F. <i>solsticial</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to a solstice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Happening at a solstice; esp. (with
reference to the northern hemisphere), happening at the summer
solstice, or midsummer.</def> "<i>Solstitial</i> summer's heat."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol`u*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>solubilit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality,
condition, or degree of being soluble or solvable; as, the
<i>solubility</i> of a salt; the <i>solubility</i> of a problem or
intricate difficulty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The tendency to separate
readily into parts by spurious articulations, as the pods of tick
trefoil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"u*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>solubilis</i>,
fr. <i>solvere</i>, <i>solutum</i>, to loosen, to dissolve: cf. F.
<i>soluble</i>. See <u>Solve</u>, and cf. <u>Solvable</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Susceptible of being dissolved in a fluid;
capable of solution; as, some substances are <i>soluble</i> in alcohol
which are not <i>soluble</i> in water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sugar is . . . <i>soluble</i> in water and fusible in
fire.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Susceptible of being solved; as, a
<i>soluble</i> algebraic problem; susceptible of being disentangled,
unraveled, or explained; as, the mystery is perhaps
<i>soluble</i>.</def> "More <i>soluble</i> is this knot."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Relaxed; open or readily opened.</def> [R.]
"The bowels must be kept <i>soluble</i>."  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Soluble glass</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Glass</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sol"u*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state
of being soluble.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||So"lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>masc. a.</i></pos>, <hw>So"la</hw>
(?), <pos><i>fem. a.</i></pos> } [L.] <def>Alone; -- chiefly used in
stage directions, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*lute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>solutus</i>, p.
p. of <i>solvere</i> to loosen. See <u>Solve</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Loose; free; liberal; as, a <i>solute</i> interpretation.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relaxed; hence; merry; cheerful.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A brow <i>solute</i>, and ever-laughing
eye.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Soluble; as, a <i>solute</i> salt.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Not adhering; loose; --
opposed to <i>adnate</i>; as, a <i>solute</i> stipule.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*lute"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To dissolve; to resolve.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To absolve; as, to <i>solute</i> sin.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*lu"tion</hw> (s&osl;*l&umacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>solucion</i>, OF. <i>solucion</i>, F.
<i>solution</i>, fr. L. <i>solutio</i>, fr. <i>solvere</i>,
<i>solutum</i>, to loosen, dissolve. See <u>Solve</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of separating the parts of any body,
or the condition of undergoing a separation of parts; disruption;
breach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In all bodies there is an appetite of union and
evitation of <i>solution</i> of continuity.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of solving, or the state of being
solved; the disentanglement of any intricate problem or difficult
question; explanation; clearing up; -- used especially in mathematics,
either of the process of solving an equation or problem, or the result
of the process.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of being dissolved or
disintegrated; resolution; disintegration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is unquestionably an enterprise of more promise to
assail the nations in their hour of faintness and <i>solution</i>,
than at a time when magnificent and seductive systems of worship were
at their height of energy and splendor.</blockquote> <i>I.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.Phys.)</i> <def>The act or process by
which a body (whether solid, liquid, or gaseous) is absorbed into a
liquid, and, remaining or becoming fluid, is diffused throughout the
solvent; also, the product resulting from such absorption.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When a solvent will not take in any more of a substance the
solution is said to be <i>saturated</i>. Solution is of two kinds;
viz.: (<i>a</i>) <i>Mechanical solution</i>, in which no marked
chemical change takes place, and in which, in the case of solids, the
dissolved body can be regained by evaporation, as in the solution of
salt or sugar in water. (<i>b</i>) <i>Chemical solution</i>, in which
there is involved a decided chemical change, as when limestone or zinc
undergoes solution in hydrochloric acid. <i>Mechanical solution</i> is
regarded as a form of molecular or atomic attraction, and is probably
occasioned by the formation of certain very weak and unstable
compounds which are easily dissociated and pass into new and similar
compounds.</p>

<p>&fist; This word is not used in chemistry or mineralogy for
<i>fusion</i>, or the melting of bodies by the heat of fire.</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Release; deliverance; discharge.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
termination of a disease; resolution.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
crisis.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A liquid medicine or
preparation (usually aqueous) in which the solid ingredients are
wholly soluble.</def>  <i>U. S. Disp.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fehling's solution</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
standardized solution of cupric hydrate in sodium potassium tartrate,
used as a means of determining the reducing power of certain sugars
and sirups by the amount of red cuprous oxide thrown down.</cd> --
<col><b>Heavy solution</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a liquid of high
density, as a solution of mercuric iodide in potassium iodide (called
the <i>Sonstadt</i> or <i>Thoulet solution</i>) having a maximum
specific gravity of 3.2, or of borotungstate of cadmium (<i>Klein
solution</i>, specific gravity 3.6), and the like. Such solutions are
much used in determining the specific gravities of minerals, and in
separating them when mechanically mixed as in a pulverized rock.</cd>
-- <col><b>Nessler's solution</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Nesslerize</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Solution of continuity</b></col>,
<cd>the separation of connection, or of connected substances or parts;
-- applied, in surgery, to a fracture, laceration, or the like.</cd>
"As in the natural body a wound, or <i>solution of continuity</i>, is
worse than a corrupt humor, so in the spiritual." <i>Bacon.</i> --
<col><b>Standardized solution</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a solution
which is used as a reagent, and is of a known and standard strength;
specifically, a normal solution, containing in each cubic centimeter
as many milligrams of the element in question as the number
representing its atomic weight; thus, a normal solution of silver
nitrate would contain 107.7 mgr. of silver in each cubic
centimeter.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sol"u*tive</hw> (s&obreve;l"&usl;*t&ibreve;v),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>solutif</i>.] <def>Tending to
dissolve; loosening; laxative.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Solv`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>solvabilit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or
state of being solvable; as, the <i>solvability</i> of a difficulty;
the <i>solvability</i> of a problem.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The condition of being solvent; ability to
pay all just debts; solvency; as, the <i>solvability</i> of a
merchant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Solv"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>solvable</i>.
See <u>Solve</u>, and cf. <u>Soluble</u>, <u>Solvible</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Susceptible of being solved, resolved, or
explained; admitting of solution.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being paid and discharged; as,
<i>solvable</i> obligations.</def>  <i>Tooke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Able to pay one's debts; solvent.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Solv"a*ble*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being solvable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Solve</hw> (s&obreve;lv), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Solved</u> (s&obreve;lvd); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Solving</u>.] [L. <i>solvere</i>, <i>solutum</i>; from
a prefix <i>so-</i> expressing separation (cf. <u>Sober</u>) +
<i>luere</i> to loosen; cf. OF. <i>soldre</i>, <i>soudre</i>. See
<u>Loose</u>, and cf. <u>Absolve</u>.] <def>To explain; to resolve; to
unfold; to clear up (what is obscure or difficult to be understood);
to work out to a result or conclusion; as, to <i>solve</i> a doubt; to
<i>solve</i> difficulties; to <i>solve</i> a problem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>True piety would effectually <i>solve</i> such
scruples.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God shall <i>solve</i> the dark decrees of
fate.</blockquote> <i>Tickell.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To explain; resolve; unfold; clear up.</p>

<p><hw>Solve</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A solution; an
explanation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"ven*cy</hw> (s&obreve;l"v<i>e</i>n*s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Solvent</u>.] <def>The quality or state
of being solvent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"vend</hw> (s&obreve;l"v&ebreve;nd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>solvendus</i> to be loosened or dissolved, fr. <i>solvere</i>.
See <u>Solution</u>.] <def>A substance to be dissolved.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sol"vent</hw> (s&obreve;l"v<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>solvens</i>, p. pr. of <i>solvere</i>. See <u>Solvable</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the power of dissolving; dissolving;
as, a <i>solvent</i> fluid.</def> "The <i>solvent</i> body."
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Able or sufficient to pay all just debts;
as, a <i>solvent</i> merchant; the estate is <i>solvent</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"vent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
substance (usually liquid) suitable for, or employed in, solution, or
in dissolving something; as, water is the appropriate <i>solvent</i>
of most salts, alcohol of resins, ether of fats, and mercury or acids
of metals, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which resolves; as, a <i>solvent</i>
of mystery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"ver</hw> (s&obreve;lv"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who, or that which, solves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Solv"i*ble</hw> (-&ibreve;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Solvable</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"y</hw> (s&omacr;l"&ybreve;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Solely.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>||So"ma</hw> (s&omacr;"m&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>sw^ma</grk>, <grk>sw`matos</grk>, the body.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The whole axial portion of an animal, including the head, neck,
trunk, and tail.</def>  <i>B. G. Wilder.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>So"maj"</hw> (s&osl;*m&auml;j"), <hw>Sa*maj"</hw>
(s&adot;*m&auml;j") }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A society; a
congregation, a worshiping assembly, or church, esp. of the Brahmo-
somaj.</def> [India]</p>

<p>{ <hw>So*ma"li</hw> (s&osl;*m&auml;"l&esl;), <hw>So*mal"</hw>
(s&osl;*m&auml;l") }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A
Hamitic people of East Central Africa.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*mat"ic</hw> (s&osl;*m&abreve;t"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>swmatiko`s</grk>, fr. <grk>sw^ma</grk>
the body.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the body as a
whole; corporeal; as, <i>somatic</i> death; <i>somatic</i>
changes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the wall of the body;
somatopleuric; parietal; as, the <i>somatic</i> stalk of the yolk sac
of an embryo.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Somatic death</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Death</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</cd></p>

<p><hw>So*mat"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Somatic.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*mat"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The science
which treats of the general properties of matter;
somatology.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"ma*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who admits
the existence of material beings only; a materialist.</def>
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"ma*to*cyst</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sw^ma</grk>, <grk>sw`matos</grk>, body + <grk>ky`stis</grk> a
bladder.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A cavity in the primary nectocalyx
of certain Siphonophora. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Nectocalyx</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So`ma*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sw^ma</grk>, <grk>sw`matos</grk>, body + <i>-logy</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The doctrine or the science of the general
properties of material substances; somatics.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A treatise on the human body;
anatomy.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"ma*tome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sw^ma</grk>, body + <grk>te`mnein</grk> to cut.] <i>(Anat. &
Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Somite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"ma*to*pleure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sw^ma</grk>, <grk>sw`matos</grk>, body + <grk>pleyra`</grk>
side.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The outer, or parietal, one of the two
lamell&aelig; into which the vertebrate blastoderm divides on either
side of the notochord, and from which the walls of the body and the
amnion are developed. See <u>Splanchnopleure</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So`ma*to*pleu"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the somatopleure.</def></p>

<p><hw>So`ma*tot"ro*pism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sw^ma</grk>, <grk>sw`matos</grk>, the body + <grk>tre`pein</grk>
to turn.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A directive influence exercised by a
mass of matter upon growing organs.</def>  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Som"ber</hw>, <hw>Som"bre</hw> } (?; 277),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>sombre</i>; cf. Sp. <i>sombra</i>, shade,
prob. from LL. <i>subumbrare</i> to put in the shade; L. <i>sub</i>
under + <i>umbra</i> shade. See <u>Umbrage</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Dull; dusky; somewhat dark; gloomy; as, a <i>somber</i> forest; a
<i>somber</i> house.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Melancholy; sad; grave; depressing; as, a
<i>somber</i> person; <i>somber</i> reflections.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dinner was silent and <i>somber</i>; happily it was
also short.</blockquote> <i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Som"ber</hw>, <hw>Som"bre</hw>  }, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To make somber, or dark; to make shady.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Som"ber</hw>, <hw>Som"bre</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Gloom; obscurity; duskiness; somberness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Som"ber*ly</hw>, <hw>Som"bre*ly</hw>  },
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a somber manner; sombrously; gloomily;
despondingly.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Som"ber*ness</hw>, <hw>Som"bre*ness</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of being somber;
gloominess.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Som*bre"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., from
<i>sombra</i> shade. See <u>Sombre</u>.] <def>A kind of broad-brimmed
hat, worn in Spain and in Spanish America.</def>  <i>Marryat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Som"brous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Sp.
<i>sombroso</i>.] <def>Gloomy; somber.</def> "Tall and <i>sombrous</i>
pines."  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Som"brous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Som"brous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>-some</hw> (-s&omacr;m). <def>A combining form or suffix from
Gr. <grk>sw^ma</grk> (gen. <grk>sw`matos</grk>) the <i>body</i>; as in
mero<i>some</i>, a body segment; cephalo<i>some</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>-some</hw> (-s&ubreve;m). [AS. <i>-sum</i>; akin to G. & OHG.
<i>-sam</i>, Icel. <i>samr</i>, Goth. lustu<i>sams</i> longed for. See
<u>Same</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Some</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>An adjective suffix having primarily the
sense of <i>like</i> or <i>same</i>, and indicating a considerable
degree of the thing or quality denoted in the first part of the
compound; as in mettle<i>some</i>, full of mettle or spirit;
glad<i>some</i>, full of gladness; win<i>some</i>, blithe<i>some</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Some</hw> (s&ubreve;m), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>som</i>,
<i>sum</i>, AS. <i>sum</i>; akin to OS., OFries., & OHG. <i>sum</i>,
OD. <i>som</i>, D. <i>sommig</i>, Icel. <i>sumr</i>, Dan. <i>somme</i>
(pl.), Sw. <i>somlige</i> (pl.), Goth. <i>sums</i>, and E.
<i>same</i>. &radic;191. See <u>Same</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and
cf. <u>-some</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of a greater or
less portion or sum; composed of a quantity or number which is not
stated; -- used to express an indefinite quantity or number; as,
<i>some</i> wine; <i>some</i> water; <i>some</i> persons.  Used also
pronominally; as, I have <i>some</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Some</i> theoretical writers allege that there was a
time when there was no such thing as society.</blockquote>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A certain; one; -- indicating a person,
thing, event, etc., as not known individually, or designated more
specifically; as, <i>some</i> man, that is, some one man.</def>
"<i>Some</i> brighter clime."  <i>Mrs. Barbauld.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Some</i> man praiseth his neighbor by a wicked
intent.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Most gentlemen of property, at <i>some</i> period or
other of their lives, are ambitious of representing their county in
Parliament.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not much; a little; moderate; as, the
censure was to <i>some</i> extent just.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>About; near; more or less; -- used commonly
with numerals, but formerly also with a singular substantive of time
or distance; as, a village of <i>some</i> eighty houses; <i>some</i>
two or three persons; <i>some</i> hour hence.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The number slain on the rebel's part were <i>some</i>
two thousand.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Considerable in number or quantity.</def>
"Bore us <i>some</i> leagues to sea."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On its outer point, <i>some</i> miles away.<BR>
The lighthouse lifts its massive masonry.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Certain; those of one part or portion; --
in distinction from <i>other</i> or <i>others</i>; as, <i>some</i> men
believe one thing, and <i>others</i> another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Some</i> [seeds] fell among thorns; . . . but
<i>other</i> fell into good ground.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xiii. 7,
8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A part; a portion; -- used pronominally,
and followed sometimes by <i>of</i>; as, <i>some</i> of our
provisions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your edicts <i>some</i> reclaim from sins,<BR>
But most your life and blest example wins.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>All and some</b></col>, <cd>one and all. See under
<u>All</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p>&fist; The illiterate in the United States and Scotland often use
<i>some</i> as an adverb, instead of <i>somewhat</i>, or an equivalent
expression; as, I am <i>some</i> tired; he is <i>some</i> better; it
rains <i>some</i>, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Some . . . some</b></col>, <cd>one part . . . another part;
these . . . those; -- used distributively.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Some</i> to the shores do fly,<BR>
<i>Some</i> to the woods, or whither fear advised.</blockquote>
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Formerly used also of single persons or things: this one . .
. that one; one . . . another.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Some</i> in his bed, <i>some</i> in the deep
sea.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Some"bod*y</hw> (s&ubreve;m"b&obreve;d*&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A person unknown or
uncertain; a person indeterminate; some person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Jesus said, <i>Somebody</i> hath touched
me.</blockquote> <i>Luke viii. 46.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We must draw in <i>somebody</i> that may stand<BR>
'Twixt us and danger.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person of consideration or
importance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Before these days rose up Theudas, boasting himself to
be <i>somebody</i>.</blockquote> <i>Acts v. 36.</i></p>

<p><hw>Some"deal`</hw> (-d&emacr;l`), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
some degree; somewhat.</def> [Written also <i>sumdel</i>,
<i>sumdeale</i>, and <i>sumdele</i>.] [Obs.] "She was <i>somedeal</i>
deaf."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou lackest <i>somedeal</i> their
delight.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Some"how`</hw> (-hou`), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In one way
or another; in some way not yet known or designated; by some means;
as, the thing must be done <i>somehow</i>; he lives
<i>somehow</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By their action upon one another they may be swelled
<i>somehow</i>, so as to shorten the length.</blockquote>
<i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The indefiniteness of <i>somehow</i> is emphasized by the
addition of <i>or other</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Although youngest of the familly, he has <i>somehow or
other</i> got the entire management of all the others.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Som"er*sault</hw> (?), <hw>Som"er*set</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>soubresaut</i> a jump, leap, OF.
<i>soubresault</i>, It. <i>soprassalto</i> an overleap, fr. L.
<i>supra</i> over + <i>saltus</i> a leap, fr. <i>salire</i> to leap;
or the French may be from Sp. <i>sobresalto</i> a sudden asault, a
surprise. See <u>Supra</u>, and <i>Salient</i>.] <def>A leap in which
a person turns his heels over his head and lights upon his feet; a
turning end over end.</def> [Written also <i>summersault</i>,
<i>sommerset</i>, <i>summerset</i>, etc.] "The vaulter's
<i>sombersalts</i>."  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now I'll only<BR>
Make him break his neck in doing a <i>sommerset</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Some"thing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Anything unknown, undetermined, or not specifically designated; a
certain indefinite thing; an indeterminate or unknown event; an
unspecified task, work, or thing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is <i>something</i> in the wind.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole world has <i>something</i> to do,
<i>something</i> to talk of, <i>something</i> to wish for, and
<i>something</i> to be employed about.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Something</i> attemped, <i>something</i> done,<BR>
Has earned a night's repose.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A part; a portion, more or less; an
indefinite quantity or degree; a little.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Something</i> yet of doubt remains.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Something</i> of it arises from our infant
state.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A person or thing importance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If a man thinketh himself to be <i>something</i>, when
he is nothing, he deceiveth himself.</blockquote> <i>Gal. vi.
3.</i></p>

<p><hw>Some"thing</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In some degree;
somewhat; to some extent; at some distance.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>something</i> fear my father's wrath.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We have <i>something</i> fairer play than a reasoner
could have expected formerly.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My sense of touch is <i>something</i>
coarse.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It must be done to-night,<BR>
And <i>something</i> from the palace.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Some"time`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>At a past time indefinitely referred to; once;
formerly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Did they not <i>sometime</i> cry "All hail" to
me?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>At a time undefined; once in a while; now
and then; sometimes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sometime</i> we see a cloud that's dragonish,<BR>
A vapor <i>sometime</i> like a bear or lion.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>At one time or other hereafter; as, I will
do it <i>sometime</i>.</def> "<i>Sometime</i> he reckon shall."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1371 pr=RH !></p>

<p><hw>Some"time`</hw> (s&ubreve;m"t&imacr;m`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having been formerly; former; late; whilom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our <i>sometime</i> sister, now our queen.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ion, our <i>sometime</i> darling, whom we
prized.</blockquote> <i>Talfourd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Some"times`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>Sometime</i> +
adverbial ending <i>-s</i>, as in <i>-wards</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Formerly; sometime.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That fair and warlike form<BR>
In which the majesty of buried Denmark<BR>
Did <i>sometimes</i> march.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>At times; at intervals; not always; now and
then; occasionally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is good that we <i>sometimes</i> be
contradicted.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sometimes . . . sometimes</b></col>, <cd>at certain times .
. . at certain other times; as, <i>sometimes</i> he is earnest,
<i>sometimes</i> he is frivolous.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Some"times`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Former;
sometime.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thy <i>sometimes</i> brother's wife.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Some"what`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>More or less; a certain quantity or degree; a part, more or less;
something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These salts have <i>somewhat</i> of a nitrous
taste.</blockquote> <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Somewhat</i> of his good sense will suffer, in this
transfusion, and much of the beauty of his thoughts will be
lost.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person or thing of importance; a
somebody.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here come those that worship me.<BR>
They think that I am <i>somewhat</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Some"what`</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In some degree or
measure; a little.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His giantship is gone, <i>somewhat</i>
crestfallen.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Somewhat</i> back from the village
street.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Some"when`</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>At some indefinite
time.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Some"where`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In some place
unknown or not specified; in one place or another.</def>
"<i>Somewhere</i> nigh at hand."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Some"while`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Once; for a
time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though, under color of shepherds, <i>somewhile</i><BR>
There crept in wolves, full of fraud and guile.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Some"whith`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>To some
indeterminate place; to some place or other.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Driven by the winds of temptation
<i>somewhither</i>.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"mite</hw> (s&omacr;"m&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sw^ma</grk> body.] <i>(Anat. & Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
actual or ideal serial segments of which an animal, esp. an articulate
or vertebrate, is composed; somatome; metamere.</def> --
<wf>So*mit`ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Som`meil"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Slumber;
sleep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Som"mer*set</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Somersault</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Som*nam"bu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to somnambulism; somnambulistic.</def>  <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Som*nam"bu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. & t.</i></pos> <def>To
walk when asleep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Som*nam`bu*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>somnus</i> sleep + <i>ambulatio</i> a walking about, from
<i>ambulare</i> to walk. See <u>Somnolent</u>, <u>Amble</u>.] <def>The
act of walking in sleep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Som*nam"bu*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
somnambulist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Som*nam"bule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
somnambulist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Som*nam"bu*lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Somnambulistic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Som*nam"bu*lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>somnambulisme</i>. See <u>Somnambulation</u>.] <def>A condition of
the nervous system in which an individual during sleep performs
actions appropriate to the waking state; a state of sleep in which
some of the senses and voluntary powers are partially awake;
noctambulism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Som*nam"bu*list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person
who is subject to somnambulism; one who walks in his sleep; a
sleepwalker; a noctambulist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Som*nam`bu*lis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a somnambulist or somnambulism; affected by
somnambulism; appropriate to the state of a somnambulist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether this was an intentional and waking departure,
or a <i>somnambulistic</i> leave-taking and walking in her sleep, may
remain a subject of contention.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Som"ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To summon.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Som"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A summoner; esp.,
one who summons to an ecclesiastical court.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Som"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>somnialis</i>
dream bringing, fr. <i>somnium</i> dream, fr. <i>somnus</i> sleep.]
<def>Of or pertaining to sleep or dreams.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>somnial</i> magic superinduced on, without
suspending, the active powers of the mind.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Som"ni*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somnial;
somniatory.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Som"ni*a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to sleep or dreams; somnial.</def> [Obs. or R.]  <i>Urquhart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Som*nic"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>somniculosus</i>.] <def>Inclined to sleep; drowsy; sleepy.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Som*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>somnifer</i>; <i>somnus</i> sleep + <i>ferre</i> to bring.]
<def>Causing or inducing sleep; soporific; dormitive; as, a
<i>somniferous</i> potion.</def>  <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Som*nif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>somnificus</i>; <i>somnus</i> sleep + <i>facere</i> to make.]
<def>Causing sleep; somniferous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Som*nif"u*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>somnus</i>
sleep + <i>fugare</i> to put to flight.] <def>Driving away
sleep.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Som*nil"o*quence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
talking in one's sleep; somniloquism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Som*nil"o*quism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
habit of talking in one's sleep; somniloquy.</def>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Som*nil"o*quist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who talks
in his sleep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Som*nil"o*quous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>somnus</i> sleep + <i>loqui</i> to speak.] <def>Apt to talk in
sleep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Som*nil"o*quy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A talking in
sleep; the talking of one in a state of somnipathy.</def> [R.]
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Som*nip"a*thist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person in
a state of somniapathy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Som*nip"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>somnus</i>
sleep + Gr. &?; a suffering of the body, fr. &?;, &?;, to suffer.]
<def>Sleep from sympathy, or produced by mesmerism or the like.</def>
[Written also <i>somnopathy</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Som"no*lence</hw> (?), <hw>Som"no*len*cy</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>somnolentia</i>: cf. F.
<i>somnolence</i>.] <def>Sleepiness; drowsiness; inclination to
sleep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Som"no*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>somnolent</i>, L. <i>somnolentus</i>, from <i>somnus</i> sleep,
akin to Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>svapna</i> sleep, dream, <i>svap</i> to
sleep, Icel. <i>sofa</i>, AS. <i>swefn</i> sleep.  Cf.
<u>Hypnotic</u>, <u>Somnambulism</u>, <u>Soporific</u>.] <def>Sleepy;
drowsy; inclined to sleep.</def> -- <wf>Som"no*lent*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>He had no eye for such phenomena, because he had a
<i>somnolent</i> want of interest in them.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Som"no*lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The somnolent
state induced by animal magnetism.</def>  <i>Thomas (Med.
Dict.).</i></p>

<p><hw>Som*nop"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Somnipathy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Som"nour</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A summoner; an
apparitor; a sompnour.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Som"on*aunce</hw> (?), <hw>Som"once</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Summon</u>, <u>Summons</u>.] <def>A
summons; a citation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Som"on*our</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
summoner.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Somp"ne</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To summon;
to cite.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Somp"nour</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A summoner.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sone</i>,
<i>sune</i>, AS. <i>sunu</i>; akin to D. <i>zoon</i>, OS., OFries., &
OHG. <i>sunu</i>, G. <i>sohn</i>, Icel. <i>sonr</i>, Sw. <i>son</i>,
Dan. <i>s&ouml;n</i>, Goth. <i>sunus</i>, Lith. <i>sunus</i>, Russ.
<i>suin'</i>, Skr. <i>s&umacr;nu</i> (from <i>s&umacr;</i> to beget,
to bear), and Gr. &?; son. &radic;293.  Cf. <u>Sow</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A male child; the male
issue, or offspring, of a parent, father or mother.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sarah conceived, and bare Abraham a
<i>son</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxi. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A male descendant, however distant; hence,
in the plural, descendants in general.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am the <i>son</i> of the wise, the <i>son</i> of
ancient kings.</blockquote> <i>Isa. xix. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am the Lord, I change not; therefore ye <i>sons</i>
of Jacob are not consumed.</blockquote> <i>Mal. iii. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any young male person spoken of as a child;
an adopted male child; a pupil, ward, or any other young male
dependent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The child grew, and she brought him unto Pharaoh's
daughter, and he became her <i>son</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ex. ii.
10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Be plain, good <i>son</i>, and homely in thy
drift.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A native or inhabitant of some specified
place; as, <i>sons</i> of Albion; <i>sons</i> of New
England.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The produce of anything.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Earth's tall <i>sons</i>, the cedar, oak, and
pine.</blockquote> <i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> (Commonly with the def. article) <def>Jesus
Christ, the Savior; -- called the <i>Son</i> of God, and the
<i>Son</i> of man.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We . . . do testify that the Father sent the <i>Son</i>
to be the Savior of the world.</blockquote> <i>1 John iv. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who gave His <i>Son</i> sure all has
given.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The expressions <i>son of pride</i>, <i>sons of light</i>,
<i>son of Belial</i>, are Hebraisms, which denote persons possessing
the qualitites of pride, of light, or of Belial, as children inherit
the qualities of their ancestors.</p>

<p><col><b>Sons of the prophets</b></col>. <cd>See <i>School of the
prophets</i>, under <u>Prophet</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>So"nance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A sound; a tune; as, to sound the tucket <i>sonance</i>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being
sonant.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sonans</i>, <i>-
antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>sonare</i> to sound. See <u>Sound</u> a
noise.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to sound;
sounding.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phonetics)</i> <def>Uttered, as an element
of speech, with tone or proper vocal sound, as distinguished from mere
breath sound; intonated; voiced; vocal; tonic; the opposite of
<i>nonvocal</i>, or <i>surd</i>; -- said of the vowels, semivowels,
liquids, and nasals, and particularly of the consonants <i>b</i>,
<i>d</i>, <i>g</i> hard, <i>v</i>, etc., as compared with their
cognates <i>p</i>, <i>t</i>, <i>k</i>, <i>f</i>, etc., which are
called <i>nonvocal</i>, <i>surd</i>, or <i>aspirate</i>.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sonant letter.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*na"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., fr. It. & L.
<i>sonare</i> to sound. See <u>Sound</u> a noise.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>An extended composition for one or two instruments, consisting
usually of three or four movements; as, Beethoven's <i>sonatas</i> for
the piano, for the violin and piano, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The same general structure prevails in symphonies,
instrumental trios, quartets, etc., and even in classical concertos.
The sonata form, distinctively, characterizes the quick opening
movement, which may have a short, slow introduction; the second, or
slow, movement is either in the song or variation form; third comes
the playful minuet or the more modern scherzo; then the quick finale
in the rondo form. But both form and order are sometimes
exceptional.</p>

<p><hw>||So`na*ti"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A short and simple sonata.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Son"cy</hw>, <hw>Son"sy</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Scot. <i>sonce</i>, <i>sons</i>, prosperity, happiness, fr. Gael. &
Ir. <i>sonas</i>.] <def>Lucky; fortunate; thriving; plump.</def>
[Prov. Eng. & Scot.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sond</hw> (?), <hw>Sonde</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sand</i>. See <u>Send</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>That which
is sent; a message or messenger; hence, also, a visitation of
providence; an affliction or trial.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ye have enough, parde, of Goddes
<i>sond</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Son"de*li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The musk shrew. See under <u>Musk</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Song</hw> (s&obreve;ng; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>song</i>, <i>sang</i>, fr. <i>singan</i> to sing; akin to D.
<i>zang</i>, G. <i>sang</i>, Icel. <i>s&ouml;ngr</i>, Goth.
<i>saggws</i>. See <u>Sing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is
sung or uttered with musical modulations of the voice, whether of a
human being or of a bird, insect, etc.</def> "That most ethereal of
all sounds, the <i>song</i> of crickets."  <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lyrical poem adapted to vocal music; a
ballad.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>More generally, any poetical strain; a
poem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bard that first adorned our native tongue<BR>
Tuned to his British lyre this ancient <i>song</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Poetical composition; poetry;
verse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This subject for heroic <i>song</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An object of derision; a
laughingstock.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And now am I their <i>song</i>, yea, I am their
byword.</blockquote> <i>Job xxx. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A trifle.</def> "The soldier's pay is a
<i>song</i>."  <i>Silliman.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Old song</b></col>, <cd>a trifle; nothing of value.</cd>
"I do not intend to be thus put off with an <i>old song</i>." <i>Dr.
H. More.</i> -- <col><b>Song bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any singing bird; one of the Oscines.</cd> -- <col><b>Song
sparrow</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a very common North
American sparrow (<i>Melospiza fasciata</i>, or <i>M. melodia</i>)
noted for the sweetness of its song in early spring. Its breast is
covered with dusky brown streaks which form a blotch in the
center.</cd> -- <col><b>Song thrush</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a common European thrush (<i>Turdus musicus</i>), noted for its
melodius song; -- called also <i>mavis</i>, <i>throstle</i>, and
<i>thrasher</i>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sonnet; ballad; canticle; carol; canzonet; ditty;
hymn; descant; lay; strain; poesy; verse.</p>

<p><hw>Song"craft`</hw> (s&obreve;ng"kr&adot;ft`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art of making songs or verses; metrical
composition; versification.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A half-effaced inscription,<BR>
Written with little skill of <i>songcraft</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Song"ful</hw> (-f&usdot;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disposed
to sing; full of song.</def></p>

<p><hw>Song"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of
songs.</def> [R.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Song"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of the
power of song; without song; as, <i>songless</i> birds;
<i>songless</i> woods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Song"ster</hw> (-st&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sangestre</i> a female singer.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who
sings; one skilled in singing; -- not often applied to human
beings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A singing
bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Song"stress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Songster</u>, and <u>-ess</u>.] <def>A woman who sings; also, a
female singing bird.</def>  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Son"i*fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Soniferous</u>.] <def>A kind of ear trumpet for the deaf, or the
partially deaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sonus</i>
sound + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Sounding; producing sound; conveying
sound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Son`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sonus</i> sound + <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See <u>-
fy</u>.] <def>The act of producing sound, as the stridulation of
insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Son"-in-law`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sons-in-law</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The husband of one's
daughter; a man in his relationship to his wife's parents.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To take me as for thy <i>son in lawe</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Son"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being without a
son.</def>  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As no baron who was <i>sonless</i> could give a husband
to his daughter, save with his lord's consent.</blockquote> <i>J. R.
Green.</i></p>

<p><hw>Son"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. It.
<i>sonetto</i>, fr. <i>suono</i> a sound, a song, fr. L. <i>sonus</i>
a sound. See <u>Sound</u> noise.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A short
poem, -- usually amatory.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He had a wonderful desire to chant a <i>sonnet</i> or
hymn unto Apollo Pythius.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A poem of fourteen lines, -- two stanzas,
called the <i>octave</i>, being of four verses each, and two stanzas,
called the <i>sestet</i>, of three verses each, the rhymes being
adjusted by a particular rule.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the proper sonnet each line has five accents, and the
octave has but two rhymes, the second, third, sixth, and seventh lines
being of one rhyme, and the first, fourth, fifth, and eighth being of
another. In the sestet there are sometimes two and sometimes three
rhymes; but in some way its two stazas rhyme together. Often the three
lines of the first stanza rhyme severally with the three lines of the
second. In Shakespeare's sonnets, the first twelve lines are rhymed
alternately, and the last two rhyme together.</p>

<p><hw>Son"net</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To compose
sonnets.</def> "Strains that come almost to <i>sonneting</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Son`net*eer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A composer of
sonnets, or small poems; a small poet; -- usually in
contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What woful stuff this madrigal would be<BR>
In some starved hackney <i>sonneteer</i> or me!</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Son`net*eer"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To compose
sonnets.</def>  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Son"net*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A composer of
sonnets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Son"net*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sonneter, or
sonneteer.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Son"net*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To compose
sonnets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Son"nish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like the sun;
sunny; golden.</def> [Obs.] "Her <i>sonnish</i> hairs."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Son"nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sunnite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*nom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sonus</i> a
sound + <i>-meter</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An
instrument for exhibiting the transverse vibrations of cords, and
ascertaining the relations between musical notes. It consists of a
cord stretched by weight along a box, and divided into different
lengths at pleasure by a bridge, the place of which is determined by a
scale on the face of the box.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for testing the hearing
capacity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Son`o*rif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sonor</i>,
<i>-oris</i>, a sound + <i>facere</i> to make. See <u>Sonorous</u>.]
<def>Producing sound; as, the <i>sonorific</i> quality of a
body.</def> [R.]  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*nor"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sonoritas</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being sonorous;
sonorousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*no"rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sonorus</i>,
fr. <i>sonor</i>, <i>-oris</i>, a sound, akin to <i>sonus</i> a sound.
See <u>Sound</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Giving sound when struck;
resonant; as, <i>sonorous</i> metals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Loud-sounding; giving a clear or loud
sound; as, a <i>sonorous</i> voice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Yielding sound; characterized by sound;
vocal; sonant; as, the vowels are <i>sonorous</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Impressive in sound; high-
sounding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Italian opera, amidst all the meanness and
familiarty of the thoughts, has something beautiful and
<i>sonorous</i> in the expression.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is nothing of the artificial Johnsonian balance
in his style. It is as often marked by a pregnant brevity as by a
<i>sonorous</i> amplitude.</blockquote> <i>E. Everett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Sonant; vibrant; hence, of
sounds produced in a cavity, deep-toned; as, <i>sonorous</i>
rhonchi.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sonorous figures</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>figures
formed by the vibrations of a substance capable of emitting a musical
tone, as when the bow of a violin is drawn along the edge of a piece
of glass or metal on which sand is strewed, and the sand arranges
itself in figures according to the musical tone. Called also
<i>acoustic figures</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sonorous tumor</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a tumor which emits a clear, resonant sound on
percussion.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>So*no"rous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>So*no"rous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Son"ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
a son, or of bearing the relation of a son; filiation.</def>  <i>Dr.
H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Son"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Soncy</u>.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Son"tag</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from from
Mme. Henriette <i>Sontag</i>, a famous singer.] <def>A knitted worsted
jacket, worn over the waist of a woman's dress.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1372 !></p>

<p><hw>Son"ties</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Probably from
"<i>saintes</i>" saints, or from <i>sanctities</i>; -- used as an
oath.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soo*chong"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Souchong</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Soo"dra</hw> (?). <def>Same as <u>Sudra</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Soo"fee</hw> (?), <hw>Soo"fee*ism</hw> (?) }. <def>Same as
<u>Sufi</u>, <u>Sufism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soo"jee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Suji</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soon</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sone</i>, AS.
<i>s&?;na</i>; cf. OFries. <i>s&?;n</i>, OS. <i>s&amacr;na</i>,
<i>s&amacr;no</i>, OHG. <i>s&amacr;r</i>, Goth. <i>suns</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a short time; shortly after any time
specified or supposed; as, <i>soon</i> after sunrise.</def>
"<i>Sooner</i> said than done." <i>Old Proverb.</i> "As <i>soon</i> as
it might be." <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She finished, and the subtle fiend his lore<BR>
<i>Soon</i> learned.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without the usual delay; before any time
supposed; early.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How is it that ye are come so <i>soon</i> to-
day?</blockquote> <i>Ex. ii. 18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Promptly; quickly; easily.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Small lights are <i>soon</i> blown out, huge fires
abide.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Readily; willingly; -- in this sense used
with <i>would</i>, or some other word expressing
<i>will</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would as <i>soon</i> see a river winding through
woods or in meadows, as when it is tossed up in so many whimsical
figures at Versailles.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>As soon as</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>So soon
as</b></col>, <cd>immediately at or after another event.</cd> "<i>As
soon as</i> he came nigh unto the camp . . . he saw the calf, and the
dancing." <i>Ex. xxxii. 19.</i> See <i>So . . . as</i>, under
<u>So</u>. -- <col><b>Soon at</b></col>, <cd>as soon as; or, as soon
as the time referred to arrives.</cd> [Obs.] "I shall be sent for
<i>soon at</i> night." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Sooner or
later</b></col>, <cd>at some uncertain time in the future; as, he will
discover his mistake <i>sooner or later</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>With the
soonest</b></col>, <cd>as soon as any; among the earliest; too
soon.</cd> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soon</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Speedy; quick.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soo"nee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sunnite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soon"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Soon.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soord</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Skin of bacon.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soor"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. & Per.
<i>surma</i>.] <def>A preparation of antimony with which Mohammedan
men anoint their eyelids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soo*shong"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Souchong</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soo"soo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A kind of dolphin (<i>Platanista Gangeticus</i>) native of the
river Ganges; the Gangetic dolphin. It has a long, slender, somewhat
spatulate beak.</def> [Written also <i>susu</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Soot</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sot</i>,
AS. <i>s&?;t</i>; akin to Icel. <i>s&?;t</i>, Sw. <i>sot</i>, Dan.
<i>sod</i>, OD. <i>soet</i>, Lith. <i>s&?;dis</i>; cf. Gael.
<i>suith</i>, Ir. <i>suth</i>.] <def>A black substance formed by
combustion, or disengaged from fuel in the process of combustion,
which rises in fine particles, and adheres to the sides of the chimney
or pipe conveying the smoke; strictly, the fine powder, consisting
chiefly of carbon, which colors smoke, and which is the result of
imperfect combustion. See <u>Smoke</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sooted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sooting</u>.] <def>To cover or dress with soot; to smut with, or as
with, soot; as, to <i>soot</i> land.</def>  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Soot</hw> (?), <hw>Soot"e</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[See <u>Sweet</u>.] <def>Sweet.</def> [Obs.] "The <i>soote</i> savour
of the vine."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soot"er*kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. G.
<i>suttern</i> to boil gently.] <def>A kind of false birth, fabled to
be produced by Dutch women from sitting over their stoves; also, an
abortion, in a figurative sense; an abortive scheme.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fruits of dull heat, and <i>sooterkins</i> of
wit.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sooth</hw> (s&oomac;th), <pos><i>a.; also adv.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Soother</u> (s&oomac;th"&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Soothest</u>.] [OE. <i>soth</i>, AS.
<i>s&omacr;&eth;</i>, for <i>san&eth;</i>; akin to OS.
<i>s&omacr;&eth;</i>, OHG. <i>sand</i>, Icel. <i>sannr</i>, Sw.
<i>sann</i>, Dan. <i>sand</i>, Skr. <i>sat</i>, <i>sant</i>, real,
genuine, present, being; properly p. pr. from a root meaning, to be,
Skr. <i>as</i>, L. <i>esse</i>; also akin to Goth. <i>sunjis</i> true,
Gr. <grk>'eteo`s</grk>, Skr. <i>satya</i>. &radic;9.  Cf.
<u>Absent</u>, <u>Am</u>, <u>Essence</u>, <u>Is</u>, <u>Soothe</u>,
<u>Sutee</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>True; faithful;
trustworthy.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The sentence [meaning] of it <i>sooth</i> is, out of
doubt.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That shall I <i>sooth</i> (said he) to you
declare.</blockquote> <i>Spensser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pleasing; delightful; sweet.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>soothest</i> shepherd that ever piped on
plains.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With jellies <i>soother</i> than the creamy
curd.</blockquote> <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sooth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>s&omacr;&eth;</i>. See
<u>Sooth</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Truth;
reality.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sooth</i> it this, the cut fell to the
knight.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>sooth</i>, I know not why I am so
sad.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In good <i>sooth</i>,<BR>
Its mystery is love, its meaninng youth.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Augury; prognostication.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>soothe</i> of birds by beating of their
wings.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Blandishment; cajolery.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soothe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Soothed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Soothing</u>.] [Originally, to assent to as true; OE.
<i>so&?;ien</i> to verify, AS. <i>ges&?;&?;ian</i> to prove the truth
of, to bear witness. See <u>Sooth</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To assent to as true.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Testament of Love.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To assent to; to comply with; to gratify;
to humor by compliance; to please with blandishments or soft words; to
flatter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Good, my lord, <i>soothe</i> him, let him take the
fellow.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I've tried the force of every reason on him,<BR>
<i>Soothed</i> and caressed, been angry, <i>soothed</i>
again.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To assuage; to mollify; to calm; to
comfort; as, to <i>soothe</i> a crying child; to <i>soothe</i> one's
sorrows.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Music hath charms to <i>soothe</i> the savage
breast,<BR>
To soften rocks, or bend a knotted oak.</blockquote>
<i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Though the sound of Fame<BR>
May for a moment <i>soothe</i>, it can not slake<BR>
The fever of vain longing.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To soften; assuage; allay; compose; mollify;
tranquilize; pacify; mitigate.</p>

<p><hw>Sooth"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, soothes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sooth"fast`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sooth</i> +
<i>fast</i>, that is, fast or firm with respect to truth.] <def>Firmly
fixed in, or founded upon, the thruth; true; genuine; real; also,
truthful; faithful.</def> [Archaic] -- <wf>Sooth"fast`ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Archaic] "In very
<pos><i>soothfastness.</i></pos>"  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Why do not you . . . bear leal and <i>soothfast</i>
evidence in her behalf, as ye may with a clear
conscience!</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Sooth"fast`</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Soothly; really;
in fact.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>I care not if the pomps you show<BR>
Be what they <i>soothfast</i> appear.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sooth"ing</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Soothe</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Sooth"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a soothing
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sooth"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In truth; truly;
really; verily.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Soothly</i> for to say."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sooth"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Truth;
reality.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sooth"say`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<i>Sooth</i> +
<i>say</i>; properly to say truth, tell the truth.] <def>To foretell;
to predict.</def> "You can not <i>soothsay</i>." <i>Shak.</i> "Old
<i>soothsaying</i> Glaucus' spell." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sooth"say`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
true saying; a proverb; a prophecy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Omen; portent. Having</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God turn the same to good <i>soothsay</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sooth"say`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who foretells events by the art of soothsaying; a
prognosticator.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A mantis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sooth"say`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A true saying; truth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of one who soothsays; the
foretelling of events; the art or practice of making
predictions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A damsel, possessed with a spirit of divination . . .
which brought her masters much gain by
<i>soothsaying</i>.</blockquote> <i>Acts xvi. 16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A prediction; a prophecy; a
prognostication.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Divinations and <i>soothsayings</i> and dreams are
vain.</blockquote> <i>Eclus. xxxiv. 5.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soot"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sooty; fuliginousness.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soot"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sooty.</def>  <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soot"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar</i></pos>
<u>Sootier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sootiest</u>.] [AS.
<i>s&?;tig</i>. See <u>Soot</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to soot; producing soot; soiled by soot.</def> "Fire of
<i>sooty</i> coal."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a dark brown or black color like
soot; fuliginous; dusky; dark.</def> "The grisly legions that troop
under the <i>sooty</i> flag of Acheron."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sooty albatross</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an
albatross (<i>Ph&oelig;betria fuliginosa</i>) found chiefly in the
Pacific Ocean; -- called also <i>nellie</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sooty
tern</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a tern (<i>Sterna
fuliginosa</i>) found chiefly in tropical seas.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Soot"y</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To black or foul with
soot.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sootied</i> with noisome smoke.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sop</i>,
<i>soppe</i>; akin to AS. <i>s&?;pan</i> to sup, to sip, to drink, D.
<i>sop</i> sop, G. <i>suppe</i> soup, Icel. <i>soppa</i> sop. See
<u>Sup</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Soup</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anything steeped, or dipped and softened, in
any liquid; especially, something dipped in broth or liquid food, and
intended to be eaten.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He it is to whom I shall give a <i>sop</i>, when I have
dipped it.</blockquote> <i>John xiii. 26.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sops</i> in wine, quantity, inebriate more than wine
itself.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The bounded waters<BR>
Should lift their bosoms higher than the shores,<BR>
And make a <i>sop</i> of all this solid globe.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything given to pacify; -- so called from
the sop given to Cerberus, as related in mythology.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All nature is cured with a <i>sop</i>.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A thing of little or no value.</def> [Obs.]
<i>P. Plowman.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sops in wine</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an old name of
the clove pink, alluding to its having been used to flavor
wine.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Garlands of roses and <i>sops in wine</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Sops of wine</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an old
European variety of apple, of a yellow and red color, shading to deep
red; -- called also <i>sopsavine</i>, and <i>red
shropsavine</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sop</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sopped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sopping</u>.] <def>To steep or dip in any liquid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Soap</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Soph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eng. Univ.)</i> <def>A
contraction of <u>Soph ister</u>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Soph</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Amer. Colleges)</i> <def>A
contraction of <u>Sophomore</u>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>So"phi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sophis</b></plw> (&?;). <def>See <u>Sufi</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Soph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Soph"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; wise, &?; wisdom.]
<def>Teaching wisdom.</def> [Obs.]  <i>S. Harris.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*phime"</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>soffime</i>, <i>sophisme</i>.] <def>Sophism.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I trow ye study aboute some
<i>sophime</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soph"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sophisme</i>, L.
<i>sophisma</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to make wise, &?; to be become
wise, to play the sophist, fr. &?; wise.] <def>The doctrine or mode of
reasoning practiced by a sophist; hence, any fallacy designed to
deceive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When a false argument puts on the appearance of a true
one, then it is properly called a <i>sophism</i>, or
"fallacy".</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us first rid ourselves of <i>sophisms</i>, those of
depraved men, and those of heartless philosophers.</blockquote> <i>I.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soph"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sophiste</i>, L.
<i>sophistes</i>, fr. Gr. &?;. See <u>Sophism</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One of a class of men who taught eloquence, philosophy, and
politics in ancient Greece; especially, one of those who, by their
fallacious but plausible reasoning, puzzled inquirers after truth,
weakened the faith of the people, and drew upon themselves general
hatred and contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many of the <i>Sophists</i> doubdtless card not for
truth or morality, and merely professed to teach how to make the worse
appear the better reason; but there scems no reason to hold that they
were a special class, teaching special opinions; even Socrates and
Plato were sometimes styled <i>Sophists</i>.</blockquote> <i>Liddell &
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, an impostor in argument; a captious
or fallacious reasoner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soph"ist*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A sophist. See <u>Sophist</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Univ.)</i> <def>A student who is
advanced beyond the first year of his residence.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The entire course at the university consists of three years
and one term, during which the students have the titles of <i>first-
year men</i>, or <i>freshmen</i>; <i>second-year men</i> or <i>junior
sophs</i> or <i>sophisters</i>; <i>third-year men</i>, or <i>senior
sophs</i> or <i>sophisters</i>; and, in the last term,
<i>questionists</i>, with reference to the approaching examination. In
the older American colleges, the junior and senior classes were
originally called, and in some of them are still called, <i>junior
sophisters</i> and <i>senior sophisters</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Soph"ist*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To maintain
by sophistry, or by a fallacious argument.</def> [Obs.]
<i>obham.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>So*phis"tic</hw> (?), <hw>So*phis"tic*al</hw>  },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sophisticus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>sophistique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a sophist; embodying
sophistry; fallaciously subtile; not sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His argument . . . is altogether
<i>sophistical</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>So*phis"tic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>So*phis"tic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>So*phis"ti*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sophisticated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sophisticating</u>.] [LL. <i>sophisticatus</i>, p. p.
of <i>sophisticare</i> to sophisticate.] <def>To render worthless by
admixture; to adulterate; to damage; to pervert; as, to
<i>sophisticate</i> wine.</def>  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>sophisticate</i> the understanding.</blockquote>
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet Butler professes to stick to plain facts, not to
<i>sophisticate</i>, not to refine.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They purchase but <i>sophisticated</i>
ware.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To adulterate; debase; corrupt; vitiate.</p>

<p>{ <hw>So*phis"ti*cate</hw> (?), <hw>So*phis"ti*ca`ted</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adulterated; not pure; not
genuine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So truth, while only one supplied the state,<BR>
Grew scare and dear, and yet <i>sophisticate</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*phis`ti*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>sophisticatio</i>, F. <i>sophistication</i>.] <def>The act of
sophisticating; adulteration; as, the <i>sophistication</i> of
drugs.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*phis"ti*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
sophisticates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soph"ist*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>sophistrie</i>, OF. <i>sophisterie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The art or process of reasoning; logic.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The practice of a sophist; fallacious
reasoning; reasoning sound in appearance only.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The juggle of <i>sophistry</i> consists, for the most
part, in usig a word in one sense in the premise, and in another sense
in the conclusion.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Fallacy</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Soph"o*more</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably fr.
<i>soph</i> or <i>sophister</i> + Gr. &?; foolish. The word was
probably introduced into the United States at an early date, from the
University of Cambridge, England. Among the cant terms at that
university, as given in the Gradus ad Cantabrigiam, we find <i>Soph-
Mor</i> as "the next distinctive appellation to Freshman," but the
term has now almost ceased to be known at the English university from
whence it came.] <def>One belonging to the second of the four classes
in an American college, or one next above a freshman.</def> [Formerly
written also <i>sophimore</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Soph`o*mor"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Soph`o*mor"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a sophomore; resembling
a sophomore; hence, pretentious; inflated in style or manner; as,
<i>sophomoric</i> affectation.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>So*pho"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>&?;ufair</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A genus of leguminous
plants.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A tree (<i>Sophora
Japonica</i>) of Eastern Asia, resembling the common locust;
occasionally planted in the United States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soph"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Softa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"pite</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>sopitus</i>,
p. p. of <i>sopire</i> to put to sleep; akin to <i>sopor</i> a
sleeping draught, a heavy sleep.] <def>To lay asleep; to put to sleep;
to quiet.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The king's declaration for the <i>sopiting</i> of all
Arminian heresies.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*pi"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
putting to sleep, or the state of being put to sleep; sleep.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Dementation and <i>sopition</i> of reason.</blockquote>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||So"por</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Profound sleep from which a person can be roused only with
difficulty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sop"o*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>soporatus</i>, p. p. or <i>soporare</i> to put to sleep, fr.
<i>sopor</i> a heavy sleep.] <def>To lay or put to sleep; to
stupefy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sop`o*rif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>soparifer</i>; <i>sopor</i> a heavy sleep + <i>ferere</i> to
bring.] <def>Causing sleep; somniferous; soporific.</def>
"<i>Soporiferous</i> medicine."  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p>--- <wf>Sop`o*rif"er*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sop`o*rif"er*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sop`o*rif"ic</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sopor</i> a heavy sleep (akin to <i>somnus</i> sleep) +
<i>facere</i> to make. See <u>Somnolent</u>, <u>Fact</u>.]
<def>Causing sleep; tending to cause sleep; soporiferous; as, the
<i>soporific</i> virtues of opium.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Somniferous; narcotic; opiate; anodyne.</p>

<p><hw>Sop`o*rif"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A medicine, drug,
plant, or other agent that has the quality of inducing sleep; a
narcotic.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sop"o*rose`</hw> (?), <hw>Sop"o*rous</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Sopor</u>; cf. L. <i>soporus</i>, fr.
<i>sopor</i> a heavy sleep; F. <i>soporeux</i>.] <def>Causing sleep;
sleepy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sop"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who sops.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sop"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Soaked or saturated
with liquid or moisture; very wet or sloppy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It [Yarmouth] looked rather spongy and
<i>soppy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>||So"pra</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [It., from L.
<i>supra</i> above.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Above; before; over;
upon.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*pra"nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
treble singer.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*pra"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Sopranos</b></plw> (#), It. <plw><b>Soprani</b></plw> (#).
[It., fr. <i>soprano</i> superior, highest, fr. <i>sopra</i> above, L.
<i>supra</i>. See <u>Sovereign</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The treble; the highest vocal register; the highest kind of
female or boy's voice; the upper part in harmony for mixed
voices.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A singer, commonly a woman,
with a treble voice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sops"a*vine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <i>Sops of
wine</i>, under <u>Sop</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1373 !></p>

<p><hw>So"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
North American rail (<i>Porzana Carolina</i>) common in the Eastern
United States. Its back is golden brown, varied with black and white,
the front of the head and throat black, the breast and sides of the
head and neck slate-colored. Called also <i>American rail</i>,
<i>Carolina rail</i>, <i>Carolina crake</i>, <i>common rail</i>,
<i>sora rail</i>, <i>soree</i>, <i>meadow chicken</i>, and
<i>orto</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>King sora</b></col>, <cd>the Florida gallinule.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sor"ance</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Soreness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sorb</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[L. <i>sorbus the tree</i>,
<i>sorbum</i> the fruit; cf. F. <i>sorbe</i>. See <u>Service
tree</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The wild service
tree (<i>Pyrus torminalis</i>) of Europe; also, the rowan tree.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The fruit of these trees.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sorb apple</b></col>, <cd>the fruit of the sorb, or wild
service tree.</cd> -- <col><b>Sorb tree</b></col>, <cd>the wild
service tree.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sor"bate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>sorbate</i>.
See <u>Sorbic</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of sorbic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor`be*fa"cient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sorbere</i> to suck in, absorb + <i>faciens</i>, p. pr. of
<i>facere</i> to make.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Producing absorption.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A medicine or substance which produces
absorption.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sorb"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sorbens</i>, p.
pr. of <i>sorbere</i> to suck in, to absorb.] <def>An absorbent.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sor"bet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sorbet</i> or It.
<i>sorbetto</i> or Sp. <i>sorbete</i>, from the same source as E.
<i>sherbet</i>. See <u>Sherbet</u>.] <def>A kind of beverage;
sherbet.</def>  <i>Smolett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sor"bic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>sorbique</i>.
See <u>Sorb</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or obtained from,
the rowan tree, or sorb; specifically, designating an acid,
C&?;H&?;CO&?;H, of the acetylene series, found in the unripe berries
of this tree, and extracted as a white crystalline
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"bile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sorbilis</i>,
fr. <i>sorbere</i> to suck in, to drink down.] <def>Fit to be drunk or
sipped.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sor"bin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
unfermentable sugar, isomeric with glucose, found in the ripe berries
of the rowan tree, or sorb, and extracted as a sweet white crystalline
substance; -- called also <i>mountain-ash sugar</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"bite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sorbus</i>
service tree.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A sugarlike substance, isomeric
with mannite and dulcite, found with sorbin in the ripe berries of the
sorb, and extracted as a sirup or a white crystalline substance.</def>
-- <wf>Sor*bit"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sor*bi"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sorbitio</i>.] <def>The act of drinking or sipping.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sor*bon"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to
the Sorbonne or to a Sorbonist.</def>  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sor"bon*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sorboniste</i>.] <def>A doctor of the <i>Sorbonne</i>, or
theological college, in the University of Paris, founded by Robert de
<i>Sorbon</i>, <u>a. d.</u> 1252.  It was suppressed in the Revolution
of 1789.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"cer*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sorcier</i>. See <u>Sorcery</u>.] <def>A conjurer; an enchanter; a
magician.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p>
<blockquote>Pharaoh also called the wise men and the
<i>sorcerers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ex. vii. 11.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sor"cer*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
sorcerer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"cer*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act or practice of
using sorcery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"cer*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to sorcery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"cer*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sorceries</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>sorcerie</i>, OF.
<i>sorcerie</i>, fr. OF. & F. <i>sorcier</i> a sorcerer, LL.
<i>sortiarius</i>, fr. L. <i>sors</i>, <i>sortis</i>, a lot, decision
by lot, fate, destiny. See <u>Sort</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>Divination by the assistance, or supposed assistance, of evil
spirits, or the power of commanding evil spirits; magic; necromancy;
witchcraft; enchantment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Adder's wisdom I have learned,<BR>
To fence my ear against thy <i>sorceries</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sord</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sward</u>.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sor"des</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>sordere</i> to be dirty or foul.] <def>Foul matter; excretion;
dregs; filthy, useless, or rejected matter of any kind; specifically
<i>(Med.)</i>, the foul matter that collects on the teeth and tongue
in low fevers and other conditions attended with great vital
depression.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"det</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sordine</u>.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A sordine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"did</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sordidus</i>, fr.
<i>sordere</i> to be filthy or dirty; probably akin to E.
<i>swart</i>: cf. F. <i>sordide</i>. See <u>Swart</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Filthy; foul;
dirty.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>sordid</i> god; down from his hoary chin<BR>
A length of beard descends, uncombed, unclean.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Vile; base; gross; mean; as, vulgar,
<i>sordid</i> mortals.</def> "To scorn the <i>sordid</i> world."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Meanly avaricious; covetous;
niggardly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He may be old,<BR>
And yet <i>sordid</i>, who refuses gold.</blockquote> <i>Sir J.
Denham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sor*did"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sordidness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sor"did*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sordid
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"did*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sordid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"dine</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>sordina</i>, <i>sordino</i>, from <i>sordo</i> deaf, dull-sounding,
L. <i>surdus</i>. See <u>Surd</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>See
<u>Damper</u>, and 5th <u>Mute</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sore</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>saure</i>,
<i>sore</i>, <i>sor</i>; faucon <i>sor</i> a sore falcon. See
<u>Sorrel</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Reddish brown; sorrel.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><col><b>Sore falcon</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Sore</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sore</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
young hawk or falcon in the first year.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young buck in the
fourth year. See the Note under <u>Buck</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sore</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Sorer</u> (&?;); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sorest</u>.] [OE.
<i>sor</i>, <i>sar</i>, AS. <i>s&amacr;r</i>; akin to D. <i>zeer</i>,
OS. & OHG. <i>s&?;r</i>, G. <i>sehr</i> very, Icel. <i>s&amacr;rr</i>,
Sw. <i>s&aring;r</i>, Goth. <i>sair</i> pain.  Cf. <u>Sorry</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Tender to the touch; susceptible of pain from
pressure; inflamed; painful; -- said of the body or its parts; as, a
<i>sore</i> hand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Sensitive; tender; easily pained,
grieved, or vexed; very susceptible of irritation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Malice and hatred are very fretting and vexatious, and
apt to make our minds <i>sore</i> and uneasy.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Severe; afflictive; distressing; as, a
<i>sore</i> disease; <i>sore</i> evil or calamity.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Criminal; wrong; evil.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sore throat</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>inflammation of
the throat and tonsils; pharyngitis. See <u>Cynanche</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Malignant</b></col>, <col><b>Ulcerated</b></col> or
<col><b>Putrid</b></col>, <col><b>sore throat</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Angina</u>, and under <u>Putrid</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sor</i>,
<i>sar</i>, AS. <i>s&amacr;r</i>. See <u>Sore</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place in an animal
body where the skin and flesh are ruptured or bruised, so as to be
tender or painful; a painful or diseased place, such as an ulcer or a
boil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dogs came and licked his <i>sores</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Luke xvi. 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Grief; affliction; trouble;
difficulty.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I see plainly where his <i>sore</i> lies.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Gold sore</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Gold</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Sore</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>s&amacr;re</i>. See
<u>Sore</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a sore
manner; with pain; grievously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy hand presseth me <i>sore</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ps.
xxxviii. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Greatly; violently; deeply.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Hannah] prayed unto the Lord and wept
<i>sore</i>.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. i. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sore</i> sighed the knight, who this long sermon
heard.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>||So*re"di*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Soredium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*re"di*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Soredi&iuml;ferous.</def></p>

<p>{<hw>Sor`e*dif"er*ous</hw> (?), or <hw>So*re`di*if"er*ous</hw> (?)
}, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Soredium</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing soredia; sorediate.</def></p>

<p><hw>||So*re"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Soredia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a heap.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A patch of granular bodies on the surface of the
thallus of lichens.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"ree</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Sora</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sore"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
disgruntled by a failure in politics, or the like.</def> [Slang,
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sore"hon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted from
<i>sojourn</i>, Scot. <i>soirne</i>, <i>sorn</i>.] <def>Formerly, in
Ireland, a kind of servile tenure which subjected the tenant to
maintain his chieftain gratuitously whenever he wished to indulge in a
revel.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sor"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A diminutive. See
<u>Sore</u> reddish brown.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A young buck in the third year. See the Note under
<u>Buck</u>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A yellowish or reddish brown color;
sorrel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sore"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sore manner;
grievously; painfully; as, to be <i>sorely</i> afflicted.</def></p>

<p><hw>||So*re"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
heap.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A heap of carpels belonging to one
flower.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sore"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sore; tenderness; painfull; as, the <i>soreness</i> of
a wound; the <i>soreness</i> of an affliction.</def></p>

<p><hw>||So"rex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a shrew.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of small Insectivora, including the
common shrews.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"ghe</hw> (s&ocirc;r"g&esl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The three-bearded rockling, or
whistlefish.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sor"ghum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., probably of
Chinese origin.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A genus of
grasses, properly limited to two species, <i>Sorghum Halepense</i>,
the Arabian millet, or Johnson grass (see <u>Johnson grass</u>), and
<i>S. vulgare</i>, the Indian millet (see <i>Indian millet</i>, under
<u>Indian</u>).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A variety of <i>Sorghum
vulgare</i>, grown for its saccharine juice; the Chinese sugar
cane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. It. <i>sorgo</i>.
See <u>Sorghum</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Indian millet and its
varieties. See <u>Sorghum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||So"ri</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Sorus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"ri*cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sorricinus</i>, fr. <i>sorex</i> a shrew.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Shrew family (<i>Soricid&aelig;</i>);
like a shrew in form or habits; as, the <i>soricine</i> bat
(<i>Glossophaga soricina</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>So*ri"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from Gr.
<grk>swrei`ths</grk> (sc. <grk>syllogismo`s</grk>), properly, heaped
up (hence, a heap of syllogisms), fr. <grk>swro`s</grk> a heap.]
<i>(Logic)</i> <def>An abridged form of stating of syllogisms in a
series of propositions so arranged that the predicate of each one that
precedes forms the subject of each one that follows, and the
conclusion unites the subject of the first proposition with the
predicate of the last proposition</def>, as in following example; --
</p>

<p><blockquote>The soul is a thinking agent;<BR>
A thinking agent can not be severed into parts;<BR>
That which can not be severed can not be destroyed;<BR>
Therefore the soul can not be destroyed.</blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; When the series is arranged in the reverse order, it is
called the <i>Goclenian sorites</i>, from Goclenius, a philosopher of
the sixteenth century.</p>

<p><col><b>Destructive sorities</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Destructive</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>So"rit"ic*al</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to a sorites; resembling a sorites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sorn</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Sorehon</u>.]
<def>To obtrude one's self on another for bed and board.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sorn"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who obtrudes
himself on another for bed and board.</def> [Scot.]  <i>De
Quncey.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*ro"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>soror</i>
sister: cf. F. <i>sororal</i>.] <def>Relating to a sister;
sisterly.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>So*ror"i*cide</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sororocida</i>, and <i>sororicidium</i>; <i>soror</i> a sister +
<i>caedere</i> to kill.] <def>The murder of one's sister; also, one
who murders or kills one's own sister.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*ro"rize</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>soror</i>, <i>sororis</i>, a sister.] <def>To associate, or hold
fellowship, as sisters; to have sisterly feelings; -- analogous to
<i>fraternize</i>.</def> [Recent & R.]</p>

<p><hw>So*ro"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Sororize</u>.] <def>A woman's club; an association of women.</def>
[U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>||So*ro"sis</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
heap.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A fleshy fruit formed by the consolidation
of many flowers with their receptacles, ovaries, etc., as the
breadfruit, mulberry, and pineapple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"rage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Sorrel</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>The blades of green or barley.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sor"rance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Sorance</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sor"rel</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>saur</i>,
<i>saure</i>, OF. <i>sor</i>, <i>sore</i>, probably of Teutonic
origin; cf. D. <i>zoor</i> dry, LG. <i>soor</i>; the meaning probably
coming from the color of dry leaves. See <u>Sear</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Sorel</u>.] <def>Of a yellowish or
redish brown color; as, a <i>sorrel</i> horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"rel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A yellowish or
redish brown color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"rel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>surelle</i>, fr.
<i>sur</i> sour, fr. OHG. <i>s&?;r</i> sour. See <u>Sour</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of various plants having a sour juice;
especially, a plant of the genus <i>Rumex</i>, as <i>Rumex
Acetosa</i>, <i>Rumex Acetosella</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mountain sorrel</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Mountain</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Red sorrel</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A malvaceous plant (<i>Hibiscus
Sabdariffa</i>) whose acid calyxes and capsules are used in the West
Indies for making tarts and acid drinks</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>A troublesome weed (<i>Rumex Acetosella</i>), also called <i>sheep
sorrel</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt of sorrel</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>binoxalate of potassa; -- so called because obtained from the
juice of <i>Rumex Acetosella</i>, or <i>Rumex Axetosa</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sorrel tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a small ericaceous
tree (<i>Oxydendrum arboreum</i>) whose leaves resemble those of the
peach and have a sour taste. It is common along the Alleghanies.
Called also <i>sourwood</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood sorrel</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any plant of the genus Oxalis.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sor"ren"to work`</hw> (?). <def>Ornamental work, mostly carved
in olivewood, decorated with inlay, made at or near Sorrento, Italy.
Hence, more rarely, jig-saw work and the like done anywhere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sorry
manner; poorly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy pipe, O Pan, shall help, though I sing
<i>sorrily</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sor"ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sorry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"row</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sorwe</i>,
<i>sorewe</i>, <i>sor&?;e</i>, AS. <i>sorg</i>, <i>sorh</i>; akin to
D. <i>zorg</i> care, anxiety, OS. <i>sorga</i>, OHG. <i>sorga</i>,
<i>soraga</i>, <i>suorga</i>, G. <i>sorge</i>, Icel., Sw., & Dan.
<i>sorg</i>, Goth. <i>sa&uacute;rga</i>; of unknown origin.] <def>The
uneasiness or pain of mind which is produced by the loss of any good,
real or supposed, or by diseappointment in the expectation of good;
grief at having suffered or occasioned evil; regret; unhappiness;
sadness.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How great a <i>sorrow</i> suffereth now
Arcite!</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The safe and general antidote against <i>sorrow</i> is
employment.</blockquote> <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Grief; unhappiness; regret; sadness; heaviness;
mourning; affliction. See <u>Affliction</u>, and <u>Grief</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sor"row</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sorrowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sorrowing</u>.] [OE. <i>sorowen</i>, <i>sorwen</i>, <i>sorhen</i>,
AS. <i>sorgian</i>; akin to Goth. <i>sa&uacute;rgan</i>. See
<u>Sorrow</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To feel pain of mind in
consequence of evil experienced, feared, or done; to grieve; to be
sad; to be sorry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sorrowing</i> most of all . . . that they should see
his face no more.</blockquote> <i>Acts xx. 38.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I desire no man to <i>sorrow</i> for me.</blockquote>
<i>Sir J. Hayward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sor"rowed</hw> (?) (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Accompanied
with sorrow; sorrowful.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sor"row*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>sorweful</i>, AS. <i>sorgful</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full of
sorrow; exhibiting sorrow; sad; dejected; distressed.</def> "This
<i>sorrowful</i> prisoner."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My soul is exceeding <i>sorrowful</i>, even unto
death.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxvi. 38.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Producing sorrow; exciting grief; mournful;
lamentable; grievous; as, a <i>sorrowful</i> accident.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sad; mournful; dismal; disconsolate; drear; dreary;
grievous; lamentable; doleful; distressing.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Sor"row*ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sor"row*ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sor"row*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
sorrow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sorrier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sorriest</u>.] [OE. <i>sory</i>,
<i>sary</i>, AS. <i>s&amacr;rig</i>, fr. <i>s&amacr;r</i>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <i>sore</i>. <i>See</i> <u>Sore</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> & <pos><i>a.</i></pos> The original sense was,
painful; hence, miserable, sad.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Grieved for
the loss of some good; pained for some evil; feeling regret; -- now
generally used to express light grief or affliction, but formerly
often used to express deeper feeling.</def> "I am <i>sorry</i> for my
sins."  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye were made <i>sorry</i> after a godly
manner.</blockquote> <i>2 Cor. vii. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am <i>sorry</i> for thee, friend; 't is the duke's
pleasure.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She entered, were he lief or <i>sorry</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Melancholy; dismal; gloomy; mournful.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All full of chirking was this <i>sorry</i>
place.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Poor; mean; worthless; as, a <i>sorry</i>
excuse.</def> "With <i>sorry</i> grace."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Cheeks of <i>sorry</i> grain will serve.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote> Good fruit will sometimes grow on a <i>sorry</i>
tree.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Hurt; afflicted; mortified; vexed; chagrined;
melancholy; dismal; poor; mean; pitiful.</p>

<p><hw>||Sors</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sortes</b></plw> (#). [L.] <def>A lot; also, a kind of
divination by means of lots.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sortes Homeric&aelig;</b></col> or
<col><b>Virgilian&aelig;</b></col> [L., Homeric or Virgilian lots],
<cd>a form of divination anciently practiced, which consisted in
taking the first passage on which the eye fell, upon opening a volume
of Homer or Virgil, or a passage drawn from an urn which several were
deposited, as indicating future events, or the proper course to be
pursued. In later times the Bible was used for the same purpose by
Christians.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Sort</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sorl</i>, L.
<i>sors</i>, <i>sortis</i>. See <u>Sort</u> kind.] <def>Chance; lot;
destiny.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By aventure, or <i>sort</i>, or cas
[chance].</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let blockish Ajax draw<BR>
The <i>sort</i> to fight with Hector.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1374 !></p>

<p><hw>Sort</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sorie</i> (cf. It.
<i>sorta</i>, <i>sorte</i>), from L. <i>sors</i>, <i>sorti</i>, a lot,
part, probably akin to <i>serere</i> to connect. See <u>Series</u>,
and cf. <u>Assort</u>, <u>Consort</u>, <u>Resort</u>, <u>Sorcery</u>,
<u>Sort</u> lot.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind or species; any
number or collection of individual persons or things characterized by
the same or like qualities; a class or order; as, a <i>sort</i> of
men; a <i>sort</i> of horses; a <i>sort</i> of trees; a <i>sort</i> of
poems.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Manner; form of being or acting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which for my part I covet to perform,<BR>
In <i>sort</i> as through the world I did proclaim.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Flowers, in such <i>sort</i> worn, can neither be smelt
nor seen well by those that wear them.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll deceive you in another <i>sort</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To Adam in what <i>sort</i><BR>
Shall I appear?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall not be wholly without praise, if in some
<i>sort</i> I have copied his style.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Condition above the vulgar; rank.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A chance group; a company of persons who
happen to be together; a troop; also, an assemblage of animals.</def>
[Obs.] "A <i>sort</i> of shepherds." <i>Spenser.</i> "A <i>sort</i> of
steers." <i>Spenser.</i> "A <i>sort</i> of doves." <i>Dryden.</i> "A
<i>sort</i> of rogues." <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A boy, a child, and we a <i>sort</i> of us,<BR>
Vowed against his voyage.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A pair; a set; a suit.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>Letters,
figures, points, marks, spaces, or quadrats, belonging to a case,
separately considered.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Out of sorts</b></col> <i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>with some
letters or sorts of type deficient or exhausted in the case or font;
hence, colloquially, out of order; ill; vexed; disturbed.</cd> --
<col><b>To run upon sorts</b></col> <i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>to use or
require a greater number of some particular letters, figures, or marks
than the regular proportion, as, for example, in making an
index.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Kind; species; rank; condition.  -- <u>Sort</u>,
<u>Kind</u>. <i>Kind</i> originally denoted things of the same family,
or bound together by some natural affinity; and hence, a class.
<i>Sort</i> signifies that which constitutes a particular lot of
parcel, not implying necessarily the idea of affinity, but of mere
assemblage. the two words are now used to a great extent
interchangeably, though <i>sort</i> (perhaps from its original meaning
of <i>lot</i>) sometimes carries with it a slight tone of
disparagement or contempt, as when we say, that <i>sort</i> of people,
that <i>sort</i> of language.
</p>

<p><blockquote>As when the total <i>kind</i><BR>
Of birds, in orderly array on wing,<BR>
Came summoned over Eden to receive<BR>
Their names of there.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>None of noble <i>sort</i><BR>
Would so offend a virgin.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sort</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sorted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sorting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To separate, and place in
distinct classes or divisions, as things having different qualities;
as, to <i>sort</i> cloths according to their colors; to <i>sort</i>
wool or thread according to its fineness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rays which differ in refrangibility may be parted and
<i>sorted</i> from one another.</blockquote> <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reduce to order from a confused
state.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To conjoin; to put together in
distribution; to class.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shellfish have been, by some of the ancients, compared
and <i>sorted</i> with insects.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>sorts</i> things present with things
past.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To choose from a number; to select; to
cull.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That he may <i>sort</i> out a worthy
spouse.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll <i>sort</i> some other time to visit
you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To conform; to adapt; to accommodate.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I pray thee, <i>sort</i> thy heart to
patience.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sort</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
join or associate with others, esp. with others of the same kind or
species; to agree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor do metals only <i>sort</i> and herd with metals in
the earth, and minerals with minerals.</blockquote>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The illiberality of parents towards children makes them
base, and <i>sort</i> with any company.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To suit; to fit; to be in accord; to
harmonize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They are happy whose natures <i>sort</i> with their
vocations.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Things <i>sort</i> not to my will.</blockquote>
<i>herbert.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I can not tell you precisely how they
<i>sorted</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sort"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sortable</i> suitable.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being
sorted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Suitable; befitting; proper.</def> [Obs.]
<i>con.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sort"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Suitable.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>otgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sort"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to a
sort.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sort"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Sort</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>Suitableness; agreement.</def> [Obs.]
<i>hak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sort"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, sorts.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sor"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Sors</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"tie</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>sortir</i> to go out, to issue, probably fr. L. <i>sortus</i>, for
<i>surrectus</i>, p. p. of <i>surgere</i> to raise up, to rise up. See
<u>Source</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The sudden issuing of a body of
troops, usually small, from a besieged place to attack or harass the
besiegers; a sally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"ti*lege</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sortil&egrave;ge</i>, fr. L. <i>sors</i>, <i>sortis</i>, a lot +
<i>legere</i> to gather, to select.] <def>The act or practice of
drawing lots; divination by drawing lots.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A woman infamous for <i>sortileges</i> and
witcheries.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sor`ti*le"gious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to sortilege.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"til"e*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sortilege.</def> [R.]  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sor*ti"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sortitio</i>,
from <i>sortiri</i> to draw or cast lots, fr. <i>sors</i>,
<i>sortis</i>, a lot.] <def>Selection or appointment by lot.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sort"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Assortiment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||So"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sori</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a heap.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>One of the fruit dots, or small clusters of sporangia, on the
back of the fronds of ferns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"we</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. & v.</i></pos> <def>Sorrow.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sor"we*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sorrowful.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sory</i>, Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Old Min. Chem.)</i> <def>Green vitriol, or some earth imregnated
with it.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"-so`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>So</i> + <i>so</i>.]
<def>Neither very good nor very bad; middling; passable; tolerable;
indifferent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In some Irish houses, where things are <i>so-
so</i>,<BR>
One gammon of bacon hangs up for a show.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Burns] certainly wrote some <i>so-so</i> verses to
the Tree of Liberty.</blockquote> <i>Prof. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"-so`</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Tolerably;
passably.</def>  <i>H. James.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soss</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Souse</u>.]
<def>To fall at once into a chair or seat; to sit lazily.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soss</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To throw in a negligent
or careless manner; to toss.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soss</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A lazy
fellow.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A heavy fall.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Hallowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soss</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sesspol</u>.]
<def>Anything dirty or muddy; a dirty puddle.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sos`te*nu"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Sustained; -- applied to a movement or passage the
sounds of which are to sustained to the utmost of the nominal value of
the time; also, to a passage the tones of which are to be somewhat
prolonged or protacted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL. <i>sottus</i>;
of unknown origin, cf. Ir. <i>sotal</i> pride, <i>soithir</i> proud,
or Chald. & NHeb. <i>shoten</i> foolish.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
stupid person; a blockhead; a dull fellow; a dolt.</def> [Obs.]
<i>outh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In Egypt oft has seen the <i>sot</i> bow down,<BR>
And reverence some d&?;ified baboon.</blockquote> <i>Oldham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person stupefied by excessive drinking;
an habitual drunkard.</def> "A brutal <i>sot</i>."
<i>Granville.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every sign<BR>
That calls the staring <i>sots</i> to nasty wine.</blockquote>
<i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sot</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sottish; foolish;
stupid; dull.</def> [Obs.] "Rich, but <i>sot</i>."
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To stupefy; to
infatuate; to besot.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I hate to see a brave, bold fellow
<i>sotted</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sot</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To tipple to
stupidity.</def> [R.]  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>So`ta*de"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sotadic.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*tad"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
resembling, the lascivious compositions of the Greek poet
<i>Sotades</i>.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Sotadic verse or
poem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sote</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sweet.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer. Fairfax.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>So"tel</hw> (?), <hw>So"til</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Subtile.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>So*te`ri*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; safety
(from &?; saving, &?; a savoir, &?; to save) + <i>-logy</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A discourse on health, or the science of
promoting and preserving health.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>The doctrine of salvation
by Jesus Christ.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sothe</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sooth.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>So"thi*ac</hw> (?), <hw>Soth"ic</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to Sothis, the Egyptian
name for the Dog Star; taking its name from the Dog Star;
canicular.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sothiac</b></col>, or <col><b>Sothic</b></col>,
<col><b>year</b></col> <i>(Chronol.)</i>, <cd>the Egyptian year of 365
days and 6 hours, as distinguished from the Egyptian <i>vague
year</i>, which contained 365 days. The <i>Sothic period</i> consists
of 1,460 Sothic years, being equal to 1,461 vague years. One of these
periods ended in July, <u>a. d.</u> 139.</cd></p>

<p><hw>So"til*te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Subtlety.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sot"ted</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Sot</u>. Befooled; deluded; besotted.</def> [Obs.] "This
<i>sotted</i> priest."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sot"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Folly.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sot"tish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Sot</u>.]
<def>Like a sot; doltish; very foolish; drunken.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How ignorant are <i>sottish</i> pretenders to
astrology!</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dull; stupid; senseless; doltish; infatuate.</p>

<p> -- <wf>Sot"tish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sot"tish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Sot`to vo"ce</hw> (?). [It.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>With a restrained voice or moderate force; in an
undertone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Spoken low or in an undertone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sou</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sous</b></plw> (#) <i>or</i> (#). [F. <i>sou</i>, OF.
<i>sol</i>, from L. <i>solidus</i> a gold coin, in LL., a coin of less
value. See <u>Sold</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Solid</u>, and and
cf. <u>Sol</u>, <u>Soldo</u>.] <def>An old French copper coin,
equivalent in value to, and now displaced by, the five-centime piece
(&frac1x20; of a franc), which is popularly called a
<i>sou</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sou*a"ri nut`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The large edible
nutlike seed of a tall tropical American tree (<i>Caryocar
nuciferum</i>) of the same natural order with the tea plant; -- also
called <i>butternut</i>.</def> [Written also <i>sawarra nut</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sou"bah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Subah</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sou"bah*dar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Subahdar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sou`brette"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A female
servant or attendant; specifically, as a term of the theater, a lady's
maid, in comedies, who acts the part of an intrigante; a meddlesome,
mischievous female servant or young woman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sou`bri`quet"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sobriquet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Souce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 1st
<u>Souse</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Souce</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Souse</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>penser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sou*chong"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chin. <i>seou
chong</i> little plant or sort.] <def>A kind of black tea of a fine
quality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sou*dan"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[F.] <def>A
sultan.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Soud"ed</hw> (&?;), <hw>Soud"et</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Solder</u>.] <def>United; consolidated;
made firm; strengthened.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>O martyr <i>souded</i> for virginity!</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Souf"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A murmuring or blowing sound; as, the uterine <i>souffle</i>
heard over the pregnant uterus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Souf"fl&eacute;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>souffl&eacute;</i>, p. p. of <i>souffler</i> to puff.]
<i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A side dish served hot from the oven at dinner,
made of eggs, milk, and flour or other farinaceous substance, beaten
till very light, and flavored with fruits, liquors, or
essence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sough</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sow.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sough</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>A small drain; an adit.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>W. M.
Buchanan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sough</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>s&?;gr</i> (in comp.) a rushing sound, or OE. <i>swough</i>,
<i>swogh</i>, a sound, AS. <i>sw&?;gan</i> to rustle.  Cf.
<u>Surf</u>, <u>Swoon</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The sound produced by soughing; a hollow murmur or
roaring.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The whispering leaves or solemn <i>sough</i> of the
forest.</blockquote> <i>W. Howitt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a vague rumor or flying
report.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A cant or whining mode of speaking,
especially in preaching or praying.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sough</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To whistle or sigh, as
the wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sought</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Seek</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Souke</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos> <def>To
suck.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soul</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sole.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soul</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sole.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soul</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F. <i>so&ucirc;ler</i> to
satiate. See <u>Soil</u> to feed.] <def>To afford suitable
sustenance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Warner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soul</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>soule</i>,
<i>saule</i>, AS. <i>s&amacr;wel</i>, <i>s&amacr;wl</i>; akin to
OFries. <i>s&?;le</i>, OS. <i>s&?;ola</i>, D. <i>ziel</i>, G.
<i>seele</i>, OHG. <i>s&?;la</i>, <i>s&?;ula</i>, Icel.
<i>s&amacr;la</i>, Sw. <i>sj&auml;l</i>, Dan. <i>si&aelig;l</i>, Goth.
<i>saiwala</i>; of uncertain origin, perhaps akin to L.
<i>saeculum</i> a lifetime, age (cf. <u>Secular</u>.)]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The spiritual, rational, and immortal part in
man; that part of man which enables him to think, and which renders
him a subject of moral government; -- sometimes, in distinction from
the higher nature, or spirit, of man, the so-called animal soul, that
is, the seat of life, the sensitive affections and phantasy, exclusive
of the voluntary and rational powers; -- sometimes, in distinction
from the mind, the moral and emotional part of man's nature, the seat
of feeling, in distinction from intellect; -- sometimes, the intellect
only; the understanding; the seat of knowledge, as distinguished from
<i>feeling</i>. In a more general sense, "an animating, separable,
surviving entity, the vehicle of individual personal existence."</def>
<i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The eyes of our <i>souls</i> only then begin to see,
when our bodily eyes are closing.</blockquote> <i>Law.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The seat of real life or vitality; the
source of action; the animating or essential part.</def> "The hidden
<i>soul</i> of harmony."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou sun, of this great world both eye and
<i>soul</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The leader; the inspirer; the moving
spirit; the heart; as, the <i>soul</i> of an enterprise; an able
general is the <i>soul</i> of his army.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is the very <i>soul</i> of bounty!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Energy; courage; spirit; fervor; affection,
or any other noble manifestation of the heart or moral nature;
inherent power or goodness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That he wants algebra he must confess;<BR>
But not a <i>soul</i> to give our arms success.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A human being; a person; -- a familiar
appellation, usually with a qualifying epithet; as, poor
<i>soul</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As cold waters to a thirsty <i>soul</i>, so is good
news from a far country.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xxv. 25.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God forbid so many simple <i>souls</i><BR>
Should perish by the aword!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now mistress Gilpin (careful <i>soul</i>).</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A pure or disembodied spirit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That to his only Son . . . every <i>soul</i> in
heaven<BR>
Shall bend the knee.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Soul</i> is used in the formation of numerous compounds,
most of which are of obvious signification; as, <i>soul</i>-betraying,
<i>soul</i>-consuming, <i>soul</i>-destroying, <i>soul</i>-
distracting, <i>soul</i>-enfeebling, <i>soul</i>-exalting,
<i>soul</i>-felt, <i>soul</i>-harrowing, <i>soul</i>-piercing,
<i>soul</i>-quickening, <i>soul</i>-reviving, <i>soul</i>-stirring,
<i>soul</i>-subduing, <i>soul</i>-withering, etc.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Spirit; life; courage; fire; ardor.</p>

<p><col><b>Cure of souls</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Cure</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Soul bell</b></col>, <cd>the
passing bell.</cd> <i>Bp. Hall.</i> -- <col><b>Soul foot</b></col>.
<cd>See <i>Soul scot</i>, below.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>Soul
scot</b></col> or <col><b>Soul shot</b></col>. [<i>Soul</i> +
<i>scot</i>, or <i>shot</i>; cf. AS. <i>s&amacr;welsceat</i>.] <i>(O.
Eccl. Law)</i> <cd>A funeral duty paid in former times for a requiem
for the soul.</cd> <i>Ayliffe.</i> </p>

<p><hw>Soul</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To indue with a
soul; to furnish with a soul or mind.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Souled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with a
soul; possessing soul and feeling; -- used chiefly in composition; as,
great-<i>souled</i> Hector.</def> "Grecian chiefs . . . largely
<i>souled</i>."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sou"li*li`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A long-tailed, crested Javan monkey (<i>Semnopithecus
mitratus</i>). The head, the crest, and the upper surface of the tail,
are black.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soul"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being without a
soul, or without greatness or nobleness of mind; mean;
spiritless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Slave, <i>souless</i> villain, dog!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soul"less*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a soulless
manner.</def>  <i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soun</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. & v.</i></pos> <def>Sound.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>aucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sound</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sund</i> a
swimming, akin to E. <i>swim</i>. See <u>Swim</u>.] <def>The air
bladder of a fish; as, cod <i>sounds</i> are an esteemed article of
food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sound</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
cuttlefish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sound</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Sounder</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Soundest</u>.] [OE.
<i>sound</i>, AS. <i>sund</i>; akin to D. ge<i>zond</i>, G.
ge<i>sund</i>, OHG. gi<i>sunt</i>, Dan. & Sw. <i>sund</i>, and perhaps
to L. <i>sanus</i>.  Cf. <u>Sane</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Whole;
unbroken; unharmed; free from flaw, defect, or decay; perfect of the
kind; as, <i>sound</i> timber; <i>sound</i> fruit; a <i>sound</i>
tooth; a <i>sound</i> ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Healthy; not diseased; not being in a
morbid state; -- said of body or mind; as, a <i>sound</i> body; a
<i>sound</i> constitution; a <i>sound</i> understanding.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Firm; strong; safe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The brasswork here, how rich it is in beams,<BR>
And how, besides, it makes the whole house <i>sound</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Free from error; correct; right; honest;
true; faithful; orthodox; -- said of persons; as, a <i>sound</i>
lawyer; a <i>sound</i> thinker.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Do not I know you a favorer<BR>
Of this new seat? Ye are nor <i>sound</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Founded in truth or right; supported by
justice; not to be overthrown on refuted; not fallacious; as,
<i>sound</i> argument or reasoning; a <i>sound</i> objection;
<i>sound</i> doctrine; <i>sound</i> principles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hold fast the form of <i>sound</i> words, which thou
hast heard of me.</blockquote> <i>2 Tim. i. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>heavy; laid on with force; as, a
<i>sound</i> beating.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Undisturbed; deep; profound; as,
<i>sound</i> sleep.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Founded in law; legal; valid; not
defective; as, a <i>sound</i> title to land.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sound</i> is sometimes used in the formation of self-
explaining compounds; as, <i>sound</i>-headed, <i>sound</i>-hearted,
<i>sound</i>-timbered, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Sound currency</b></col> <i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>a currency
whose actual value is the same as its nominal value; a currency which
does not deteriorate or depreciate or fluctuate in comparision with
the standard of values.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sound</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Soundly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So <i>sound</i> he slept that naught might him
awake.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sound</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sund</i> a narrow sea
or strait; akin to Icel., Sw., Dan. & G. <i>sund</i>, probably so
named because it could be <i>swum</i> across. See <u>Swim</u>.]
<i>(Geog.)</i> <def>A narrow passage of water, or a strait between the
mainland and an island; also, a strait connecting two seas, or
connecting a sea or lake with the ocean; as, the <i>Sound</i> between
the Baltic and the german Ocean; Long Island <i>Sound</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>Sound</i> of Denmark, where ships pay
toll.</blockquote> <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sound dues</b></col>, <cd>tolls formerly imposed by Denmark
on vessels passing through the Baltic Sound.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sound</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sounded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sounding</u>.] [F. <i>sonder</i>; cf. AS. <i>sund</i>gyrd a
sounding rod, <i>sund</i>line a sounding line (see <u>Sound</u> a
narrow passage of water).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To measure the
depth of; to fathom; especially, to ascertain the depth of by means of
a line and plummet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To ascertain, or try to ascertain,
the thoughts, motives, and purposes of (a person); to examine; to try;
to test; to probe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was in jest,<BR>
And by that offer meant to <i>sound</i> your breast.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I've <i>sounded</i> my Numidians man by
man.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To explore, as the bladder or
urethra, with a sound; to examine with a sound; also, to examine by
auscultation or percussion; as, to <i>sound</i> a patient.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1375 !></p>

<p><hw>Sound</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To ascertain the
depth of water with a sounding line or other device.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>sound</i> as a shipman <i>soundeth</i> in the sea
with his plummet to know the depth of sea.</blockquote>
<i>Palsgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sound</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sonde</i>. See
<u>Sound</u> to fathom.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Any elongated instrument
or probe, usually metallic, by which cavities of the body are sounded
or explored, especially the bladder for stone, or the urethra for a
stricture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sound</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>soun</i>, OF.
<i>son</i>, <i>sun</i>, F. <i>son</i>, fr. L. <i>sonus</i> akin to
Skr. <i>svana</i> sound, <i>svan</i> to sound, and perh. to E.
<i>swan</i>.  Cf. <u>Assonant</u>, <u>Consonant</u>, <u>Person</u>,
<u>Sonata</u>, <u>Sonnet</u>, <u>Sonorous</u>, <u>Swan</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The peceived object occasioned by the impulse
or vibration of a material substance affecting the ear; a sensation or
perception of the mind received through the ear, and produced by the
impulse or vibration of the air or other medium with which the ear is
in contact; the effect of an impression made on the organs of hearing
by an impulse or vibration of the air caused by a collision of bodies,
or by other means; noise; report; as, the <i>sound</i> of a drum; the
<i>sound</i> of the human voice; a horrid <i>sound</i>; a charming
<i>sound</i>; a sharp, high, or shrill <i>sound</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The warlike <i>sound</i><BR>
Of trumpets loud and clarions.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The occasion of sound; the impulse or
vibration which would occasion sound to a percipient if present with
unimpaired; hence, the theory of vibrations in elastic media such
cause sound; as, a treatise on <i>sound</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense, sounds are spoken of as <i>audible</i> and
<i>inaudible</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Noise without signification; empty noise;
noise and nothing else.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sense and not <i>sound</i> . . . must be the
principle.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sound boarding</b></col>, <cd>boards for holding pugging,
placed in partitions of under floors in order to deaden sounds.</cd> -
- <col><b>Sound bow</b></col>, <cd>in a series of transverse sections
of a bell, that segment against which the clapper strikes, being the
part which is most efficacious in producing the sound. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Bell</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sound post</b></col>.
<i>(Mus.)</i> <cd>See <i>Sounding post</i>, under
<u>Sounding</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sound</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sounen</i>,
<i>sownen</i>, OF. <i>soner</i>, <i>suner</i>, F. <i>sonner</i>, from
L. <i>sonare</i>. See <u>Sound</u> a noise.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make a noise; to utter a voice; to make an impulse of the air
that shall strike the organs of hearing with a perceptible
effect.</def> "And first taught speaking trumpets how to
<i>sound</i>."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How silver-sweet <i>sound</i> lovers'
tongues!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be conveyed in sound; to be spread or
published; to convey intelligence by sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From you <i>sounded</i> out the word of the
Lord.</blockquote> <i>1 Thess. i. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make or convey a certain impression, or
to have a certain import, when heard; hence, to seem; to appear; as,
this reproof <i>sounds</i> harsh; the story <i>sounds</i> like an
invention.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Good sir, why do you start, and seem to fear<BR>
Things that do <i>sound</i> so fair?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To sound in</b></col> or <col><b>into</b></col>, <cd>to
tend to; to partake of the nature of; to be consonant with.</cd>
[Obs., except in the phrase To sound in damages, below.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Soun[d]ing in</i> moral virtue was his
speech.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To sound in damages</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>to have
the essential quality of damages. This is said of an action brought,
not for the recovery of a specific thing, as replevin, etc., but for
damages only, as trespass, and the like.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sound</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
causse to make a noise; to play on; as, to <i>sound</i> a trumpet or a
horn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A bagpipe well could he play and
<i>soun</i>[d].</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to exit as a sound; as, to
<i>sound</i> a note with the voice, or on an instrument.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To order, direct, indicate, or proclain by
a sound, or sounds; to give a signal for by a certain sound; as, to
<i>sound</i> a retreat; to <i>sound</i> a parley.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The clock <i>sounded</i> the hour of noon.</blockquote>
<i>G. H. Lewes.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To celebrate or honor by sounds; to cause
to be reported; to publish or proclaim; as, to <i>sound</i> the
praises of fame of a great man or a great exploit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To examine the condition of (anything) by
causing the same to emit sounds and noting their character; as, to
<i>sound</i> a piece of timber; to <i>sound</i> a vase; to
<i>sound</i> the lungs of a patient.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To signify; to import; to denote.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Soun[d]ing</i> alway the increase of his
winning.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sound"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being sounded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sound"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dues for
soundings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sound"-board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sounding-
board.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To many a row of pipes the <i>sound-board</i>
breathes.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sound"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which; sounds; specifically, an instrument used in telegraphy in place
of a register, the communications being read by sound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sound"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
herd of wild hogs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sound"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making or emitting
sound; hence, sonorous; as, <i>sounding</i> words.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sound"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who, or that which, sounds (in any of the senses
of the several verbs).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> [From <u>Sound</u> to fathom.]
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>measurement by sounding; also, the depth so
ascertained.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any place or part of the
ocean, or other water, where a sounding line will reach the bottom; --
usually in the plural.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The sand,
shells, or the like, that are brought up by the sounding lead when it
has touched bottom.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sounding lead</b></col>, <cd>the plummet at the end of a
sounding line.</cd> -- <col><b>Sounding line</b></col>, <cd>a line
having a plummet at the end, used in making soundings.</cd> --
<col><b>Sounding post</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a small post in a
violin, violoncello, or similar instrument, set under the bridge as a
support, for propagating the sounds to the body of the instrument; --
called also <i>sound post</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sounding rod</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a rod used to ascertain the depth of water in a
ship's hold.</cd> -- <col><b>In soundings</b></col>, <cd>within the
eighty-fathom line.</cd>  <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sound"ing-board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A thin board which propagates
the sound in a piano, in a violin, and in some other musical
instruments.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A board or structure placed behind or over
a pulpit or rostrum to give distinctness to a speaker's
voice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>See <i>Sound boarding</i>, under
<u>Sound</u>, a noise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sound"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not capable of
being sounded or fathomed; unfathomable.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sound"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no sound;
noiseless; silent.</def> -- <wf>Sound"less*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Sound"less*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sound"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sound
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sound"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being sound; as, the <i>soundness</i> of timber, of fruit, of the
teeth, etc.; the <i>soundness</i> of reasoning or argument;
<i>soundness</i> of faith.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Firmness; strength; solidity; healthiness; truth;
rectitude.</p>

<p><hw>Soune</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos> <def>To
sound.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sounst</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Soused. See
<u>Souse</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Soup</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>soupe</i>, OF.
<i>sope</i>, <i>supe</i>, <i>soupe</i>, perhaps originally, a piece of
bread; probably of Teutonic origin; cf. D. <i>sop</i> sop, G.
<i>suppe</i> soup. See <u>Sop</u> something dipped in a liquid, and
cf. <u>Supper</u>.] <def>A liquid food of many kinds, usually made by
boiling meat and vegetables, or either of them, in water, -- commonly
seasoned or flavored; strong broth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Soup kitchen</b></col>, <cd>an establishment for preparing
and supplying soup to the poor.</cd> -- <col><b>Soup ticket</b></col>,
<cd>a ticket conferring the privilege of receiving soup at a soup
kitchen.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Soup</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sup or
swallow.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soup</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To breathe out.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>amden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soup</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sweep. See
<u>Sweep</u>, and <u>Swoop</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Soupe`-mai"gre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Cookery)</i> <def>Soup made chiefly from vegetables or fish with a
little butter and a few condiments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sou"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That part of a
flail which strikes the grain.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soup"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling soup;
souplike.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sour</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Sourer</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sourest</u>.] [OE.
<i>sour</i>, <i>sur</i>, AS. <i>s&?;r</i>; akin to D. <i>zuur</i>, G.
<i>sauer</i>, OHG. <i>s&?;r</i>, Icel. <i>s&?;rr</i>, Sw. <i>sur</i>,
Dan. <i>suur</i>, Lith. <i>suras</i> salt, Russ. <i>surovui</i> harsh,
rough.  Cf. <u>Sorrel</u>, the plant.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having
an acid or sharp, biting taste, like vinegar, and the juices of most
unripe fruits; acid; tart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All <i>sour</i> things, as vinegar, provoke
appetite.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Changed, as by keeping, so as to be acid,
rancid, or musty, turned.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Disagreeable; unpleasant; hence; cross;
crabbed; peevish; morose; as, a man of a <i>sour</i> temper; a
<i>sour</i> reply.</def> "A <i>sour</i> countenance."
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He was a scholar . . . <BR>
Lofty and <i>sour</i> to them that loved him not,<BR>
But to those men that sought him sweet as summer.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Afflictive; painful.</def> "<i>Sour</i>
adversity."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Cold and unproductive; as, <i>sour</i>
land; a <i>sour</i> marsh.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sour dock</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>sorrel.</cd> --
<col><b>Sour gourd</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the gourdlike fruit
<i>Adansonia Gregorii</i>, and <i>A. digitata</i>; also, either of the
trees bearing this fruit. See <u>Adansonia</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sour
grapes</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Grape</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sour
gum</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Turelo</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sour plum</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the edible acid fruit
of an Australian tree (<i>Owenia venosa</i>); also, the tree itself,
which furnished a hard reddish wood used by wheelwrights.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Acid; sharp; tart; acetous; acetose; harsh;
acrimonious; crabbed; currish; peevish.</p>

<p><hw>Sour</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sour or acid substance;
whatever produces a painful effect.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sour</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>s&?;rian</i> to
sour, to become sour.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to become
sour; to cause to turn from sweet to sour; as, exposure to the air
<i>sours</i> many substances.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So the sun's heat, with different powers,<BR>
Ripens the grape, the liquor <i>sours</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make cold and unproductive, as
soil.</def>  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make unhappy, uneasy, or less
agreeable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>sour</i> your happiness I must report,<BR>
The queen is dead.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cause or permit to become harsh or
unkindly.</def> "<i>Souring</i> his cheeks."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Pride had not <i>sour'd</i> nor wrath debased my
heart.</blockquote> <i>Harte.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To macerate, and render fit for plaster or
mortar; as, to <i>sour</i> lime for business purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sour</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Soured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Souring</u>.] <def>To become sour; to turn from sweet to sour; as,
milk soon <i>sours</i> in hot weather; a kind temper sometimes
<i>sours</i> in adversity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They keep out melancholy from the virtuous, and hinder
the hatred of vice from <i>souring</i> into severity.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Source</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sours</i>, OF.
<i>sourse</i>, <i>surse</i>, <i>sorse</i>, F. <i>source</i>, fr. OF.
<i>sors</i>, p. p. of OF. <i>sordre</i>, <i>surdre</i>,
<i>sourdre</i>, to spring forth or up, F. <i>sourdre</i>, fr. L.
<i>surgere</i> to lift or raise up, to spring up. See <u>Surge</u>,
and cf. <u>Souse</u> to plunge or swoop as a bird upon its prey.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of rising; a rise; an ascent.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Therefore right as an hawk upon a <i>sours</i><BR>
Up springeth into the air, right so prayers . . . <BR>
Maken their <i>sours</i> to Goddes ears two.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The rising from the ground, or beginning,
of a stream of water or the like; a spring; a fountain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where as the Poo out of a welle small<BR>
Taketh his firste springing and his <i>sours</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Kings that rule<BR>
Behind the hidden <i>sources</i> of the Nile.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That from which anything comes forth,
regarded as its cause or origin; the person from whom anything
originates; first cause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>source</i> of ideas every man has wholly in
himself.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>source</i> of Newton's light, of Bacon's
sense.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Origin</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sour"crout`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sauerkraut</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sourde</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F. <i>sourdre</i>.
See <u>Source</u>.] <def>To have origin or source; to rise; to
spring.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Now might men ask whereof that pride
<i>sourdeth</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sour"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any
sour apple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sour"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat sour;
moderately acid; as, <i>sourish</i> fruit; a <i>sourish</i>
taste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sour"krout`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Sauerkraut</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sour"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sour manner;
with sourness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sour"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being sour.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sours</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Source. See
<u>Source</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sour"sop`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
large succulent and slightly acid fruit of a small tree (<i>Anona
muricata</i>) of the West Indies; also, the tree itself. It is closely
allied to the custard apple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sour"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The sorrel tree.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sous</hw>, <hw>Souse</hw>  } (F. s&oomac;; <i>colloq.
Eng</i>. sous), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A corrupt form of Sou.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Colman, the Elder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Souse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>sausse</i>. See
<u>Sauce</u>.] [Written also <i>souce</i>, <i>sowce</i>, and
<i>sowse</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pickle made with
salt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something kept or steeped in pickle; esp.,
the pickled ears, feet, etc., of swine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And he that can rear up a pig in his house,<BR>
Hath cheaper his bacon, and sweeter his <i>souse</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The ear; especially, a hog's ear.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act of sousing; a plunging into
water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Souse</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Soused</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sousing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>saucer</i> to wet with sauce. See
<u>Souse</u> pickle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To steep in pickle; to
pickle.</def> "A <i>soused</i> gurnet."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To plunge or immerse in water or any
liquid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>soused</i> me over head and ears in
water.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To drench, as by an immersion; to wet
throughly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Although I be well <i>soused</i> in this
shower.</blockquote> <i>Gascoigne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Souse</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Probably fr. OF.
<i>sors</i>, p. p. of <i>sordre</i> to rise, and first used of an
upward swood, then of a swoop in general, but also confused with
<u>Souse</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> See <u>Source</u>.] <def>To
swoop or plunge, as a bird upon its prey; to fall suddenly; to rush
with speed; to make a sudden attack.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For then I viewed his plunge and <i>souse</i><BR>
Into the foamy main.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Jove's bird will <i>souse</i> upon the timorous
hare.</blockquote> <i>J. Dryden. Jr.</i></p>

<p><hw>Souse</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pounce upon.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[The gallant monarch] like eagle o'er his serie
towers,<BR>
To <i>souse</i> annoyance that comes near his nest.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Souse</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of sousing, or
swooping.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As a falcon fair<BR>
That once hath failed or her <i>souse</i> full near.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Souse</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With a sudden swoop;
violently.</def>  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sous"lik</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Suslik</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sout</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Soot.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sou`tache"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A kind of
narrow braid, usually of silk; -- also known as <i>Russian
braid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sout"age</hw> (? or ?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol.
uncertain.] <def>That in which anything is packed; bagging, as for
hops.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sou`tane"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Sp.
<i>sotana</i>, or It. <i>sottana</i>, LL. <i>subtana</i>, fr. L.
<i>subtus</i> below, beneath, fr. <i>sub</i> under.] <i>(Eccl.
Costume)</i> <def>A close garnment with straight sleeves, and skirts
reaching to the ankles, and buttoned in front from top to bottom;
especially, the black garment of this shape worn by the clergy in
France and Italy as their daily dress; a cassock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sou"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>s&?;t&?;re</i>,
fr. It. <i>sutor</i>, fr. <i>suere</i> to sew.] <def>A shoemaker; a
cobbler.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no work better than another to please God: . .
. to wash dishes, to be a <i>souter</i>, or an apostle, -- all is
one.</blockquote> <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sou"ter*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
a cobbler or cobblers; like a cobbler; hence, vulgar; low.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sou"ter*rain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Subterranean</u>.] <def>A grotto or cavern under ground.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>South</hw> (?; <i>by sailors</i> sou), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>south</i>, <i>su&thorn;</i>, AS. <i>s&umacr;&eth;</i> for
<i>sun&eth;</i>; akin to D. <i>zuid</i>, OHG. <i>sund</i>, G.
<i>s&uuml;d</i>, <i>s&uuml;den</i>, Icel. <i>su&eth;r</i>,
<i>sunnr</i>, Dan. <i>syd</i>, <i>s&ouml;nden</i>, Sw. <i>syd</i>,
<i>s&ouml;der</i>, <i>sunnan</i>; all probably akin to E. <i>sun</i>,
meaning, the side towards the sun. &radic;297. See <u>Sun</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That one of the four cardinal points directly
opposite to the north; the region or direction to the right or
direction to the right of a person who faces the east.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A country, region, or place situated
farther to the south than another; the southern section of a
country.</def> "The queen of the <i>south</i>."  <i>Matt. xii.
42.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: That part of the United
States which is south of Mason and Dixon's line. See under
<u>Line</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The wind from the south.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>South</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lying toward the south;
situated at the south, or in a southern direction from the point of
observation or reckoning; proceeding toward the south, or coming from
the south; blowing from the south; southern; as, the <i>south</i>
pole.</def> "At the <i>south</i> entry."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>South-Sea tea</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Yaupon</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>South</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Toward the south; southward.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>From the south; as, the wind blows
<i>south</i>.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>South</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Southed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Southing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To turn or move toward the
south; to veer toward the south.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>To come to the meridian;
to cross the north and south line; -- said chiefly of the moon; as,
the moon <i>souths</i> at nine.</def></p>

<p><hw>South*cot"ti*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>A follower of Joanna <i>Southcott</i> (1750-1814), an
Englishwoman who, professing to have received a miraculous calling,
preached and prophesied, and committed many impious
absurdities.</def></p>

<p><hw>South"down`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the South Downs, a range of pasture hills south of the
Thames, in England.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Southdown sheep</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
celebrated breed of shortwooled, hornless sheep, highly valued on
account of the delicacy of their flesh. So called from the South Downs
where the breed originated.</cd></p>

<p><hw>South"down`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Southdown
sheep.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1376 !></p>

<p><hw>South`east"</hw> (?; <i>by sailors</i> sou"-),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The point of the compass equally distant
from the south and the east; the southeast part or region.</def></p>

<p><hw>South`east</hw> (?; <i>by sailors</i> sou"-),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the southeast;
proceeding toward, or coming from, the southeast; as, a
<i>southeast</i> course; a <i>southeast</i> wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>South`east"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A storm,
strong wind, or gale coming from the southeast.</def></p>

<p><hw>South`east"er</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the
southeast.</def></p>

<p><hw>South`east"ern</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the southeast; southeasterly.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>South`east"ward</hw> (?), <hw>South`east"ward*ly</hw>  },
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the southeast.</def></p>

<p><hw>South"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A strong wind,
gale, or storm from the south.</def></p>

<p><hw>South"er*li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being southerly; direction toward the
south.</def></p>

<p><hw>South"er*ly</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Southern.</def></p>

<p><hw>South"ern</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>s&?;&?;ern</i>. See <u>South</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the
south; situated in, or proceeding from, the south; situated or
proceeding toward the south.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Southern Cross</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>a
constellation of the southern hemisphere containing several bright
stars so related in position as to resemble a cross.</cd> --
<col><b>Southern Fish</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>a constelation
of the southern hemisphere (<i>Piscis Australis</i>) containing the
bright star Fomalhaut.</cd> -- <col><b>Southern States</b></col>
<i>(U.S. Hist. & Geog.)</i>, <cd>the States of the American Union
lying south of Pennsylvania and the Ohio River, with Arkansas,
Louisiana, and Texas. Before the Civil War, Missouri also, being a
slave State, was classed as one of the Southern States.</cd></p>

<p><hw>South"ern</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Southerner.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>South"ern*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inhabitant
or native of the south, esp. of the Southern States of North America;
opposed to <i>Northerner</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>South"ern*li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Southerliness.</def></p>

<p><hw>South"ern*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
southern.</def> -- <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a southerly manner
or course; southward.</def></p>

<p><hw>South"ern*most`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Farthest
south.</def></p>

<p><hw>South"ern*wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A shrubby species of wormwood (<i>Artemisia Abrotanum</i>) having
aromatic foliage. It is sometimes used in making beer.</def></p>

<p><hw>South"ing</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Tendency or progress southward; as, the
<i>southing</i> of the sun.</def>  <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The time at which the moon, or other
heavenly body, passes the meridian of a place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Distance of any heavenly
body south of the equator; south declination; south
latitude.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Surv. & Navigation)</i> <def>Distance
southward from any point departure or of reckoning, measured on a
meridian; -- opposed to <i>northing</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>South"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Southerly.</def>
[Obs. & R.]</p>

<p><hw>South"most`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Farthest toward
the south; southernmost.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>South"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tendency in the
end of a magnetic needle to point toward the south pole.</def>
<i>Faraday.</i></p>

<p><hw>South"ren</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Southern.</def>
[Obs.] "I am a <i>Southren</i> man."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>South"ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inhabitant of
the more southern part of a country; formerly, a name given in
Scotland to any Englishman.</def></p>

<p><hw>South"say`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Soothsay</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>South"say`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Soothsayer</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>South` south"er*ly</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>the old
squaw; -- so called in imitation of its cry. Called also
<i>southerly</i>, and <i>southerland</i>. See under
<u>Old</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>South"ward</hw> (?; <i>colloq.</i> &?;), <hw>South"wards</hw>
(?; <i>colloq.</i> &?;) }, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the
south, or toward a point nearer the south than the east or west point;
as, to go <i>southward</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>South"ward</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Toward the
south.</def></p>

<p><hw>South"ward</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The southern regions
or countries; the south.</def>  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>South"ward*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a southern
direction.</def></p>

<p><hw>South`west</hw> (?; <i>colloq.</i> sou"-.),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The point of the compass equally from the
south and the west; the southwest part or region.</def></p>

<p><hw>South`west"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
in the direction of, the southwest; proceeding toward the southwest;
coming from the southwest; as, a <i>southwest</i> wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>South`west"er</hw> (?; <i>colloq</i>. &?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A storm, gale, or strong
wind from the southwest.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hat made of painted canvas, oiled cloth,
or the like, with a flap at the back, -- worn in stormy
weather.</def></p>

<p><hw>South`west"er*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>To ward or
from the southwest; as, a <i>southwesterly</i> course; a
<i>southwesterly</i> wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>South`west"ern</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the southwest; southwesterly; as, to sail a
<i>southwestern</i> course.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>South`west"ward</hw> (?), <hw>South`west"ward*ly</hw>  },
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the southwest.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sou"ve*nance</hw> (?), <hw>So"ve*naunce</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>souvenance</i>.] <def>Remembrance.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Of his way he had no <i>sovenance</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sou`ve*nir</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>souvenir</i> to remember, fr. L. <i>subvenire</i> to come up, come
to mind; <i>sub</i> under + <i>venire</i> to come, akin to E.
<i>come</i>. <i>See</i> <u>Come</u>, and cf. <u>Subvention</u>.]
<def>That which serves as a reminder; a remembrancer; a memento; a
keepsake.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sov"er*eign</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>soverain</i>, <i>sovereyn</i>, OF. <i>soverain</i>, <i>suvrain</i>,
F. <i>souverain</i>, LL. <i>superanus</i>, fr. L. <i>superus</i> that
is above, upper, higher, fr. <i>super</i> above. See <u>Over</u>,
<u>Super</u>, and cf. <u>Soprano</u>. The modern spelling is due to a
supposed connection with <i>reign</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Supreme or highest in power; superior to all others; chief; as,
our <i>sovereign</i> prince.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Independent of, and unlimited by, any
other; possessing, or entitled to, original authority or jurisdiction;
as, a <i>sovereign</i> state; a <i>sovereign</i> discretion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Princely; royal.</def> "Most
<i>sovereign</i> name."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At Babylon was his <i>sovereign</i> see.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Predominant; greatest; utmost;
paramount.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We acknowledge him [God] our <i>sovereign</i>
good.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Efficacious in the highest degree;
effectual; controlling; as, a <i>sovereign</i> remedy.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such a <i>sovereign</i> influence has this passion upon
the regulation of the lives and actions of men.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sovereign state</b></col>, <cd>a state which administers
its own government, and is not dependent upon, or subject to, another
power.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sov"er*eign</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The person, body, or state in which
independent and supreme authority is vested; especially, in a
monarchy, a king, queen, or emperor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No question is to be made but that the bed of the
Mississippi belongs to the <i>sovereign</i>, that is, to the
nation.</blockquote> <i>Jefferson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A gold coin of Great Britain, on which an
effigy of the head of the reigning king or queen is stamped, valued at
one pound sterling, or about $4.86.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any butterfly of the
tribe <i>Nymphalidi</i>, or genus <i>Basilarchia</i>, as the ursula
and the viceroy.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- King; prince; monarch; potentate; emperor.</p>

<p><hw>Sov"er*eign*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
exercise supreme authority.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sov"er*eign*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sovereign
manner; in the highest degree; supremely.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sov"er*eign*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sovereignties</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>soverainetee</i>, OF.
<i>sovrainet&eacute;</i>, F. <i>souverainet&eacute;</i>.] <def>The
quality or state of being sovereign, or of being a sovereign; the
exercise of, or right to exercise, supreme power; dominion; sway;
supremacy; independence; also, that which is sovereign; a sovereign
state; as, Italy was formerly divided into many
<i>sovereignties</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Woman desiren to have <i>sovereignty</i><BR>
As well over their husband as over their love.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sov"ran</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>A variant of
<u>Sovereign</u>.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>On thy bald, awful head, O <i>sovran</i>
Blanc.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sow</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To sew. See
<u>Sew</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sowe</i>,
<i>suwe</i>, AS. <i>sugu</i>, akin to <i>s&umacr;</i>, D. <i>zog</i>,
<i>zeug</i>, OHG. <i>s&umacr;</i>, G. <i>sau</i>, Icel.
<i>s&ymacr;r</i>, Dan. <i>so</i>, Sw. <i>sugga</i>, <i>so</i>, L.
<i>sus</i>. Gr. <grk>"y^s</grk>, <grk>sy^s</grk>, Zend. hu boar;
probably from the root seen in Skr. <i>s&umacr;</i> to beget, to bear;
the animal being named in allusion to its fecundity. &radic;294.  Cf.
<u>Hyena</u>, <u>Soil</u> to stain, <u>Son</u>, <u>Swine</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The female of swine, or of
the hog kind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sow bug.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
channel or runner which receives the rows of molds in the pig
bed.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The bar of metal which remains in
such a runner.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A mass of solidified
metal in a furnace hearth; a salamander.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A kind of covered shed,
formerly used by besiegers in filling up and passing the ditch of a
besieged place, sapping and mining the wall, or the like.</def>
<i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sow bread</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Cyclamen</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sow bug</b></col>, or
<col><b>Sowbug</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous
species of terrestrial Isopoda belonging to <i>Oniscus</i>,
<i>Porcellio</i>, and allied genera of the family
<i>Oniscid&aelig;</i>. They feed chiefly on decaying vegetable
substances.</cd> -- <col><b>Sow thistle</b></col> [AS.
<i>sugepistel</i>] <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a composite plant (<i>Sonchus
oleraceus</i>) said to be eaten by swine and some other
animals.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sow</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Sowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sown</u> (?) or
<u>Sowed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Sowing</u>.] [OE.
<i>sowen</i>, <i>sawen</i>, AS. <i>s&amacr;wan</i>; akin to OFries.
<i>s&?;a</i>, D. <i>zaaijen</i>, OS. & HG. <i>s&amacr;jan</i>, G.
<i>s&auml;en</i>, Icel. <i>s&amacr;</i>, Sw. <i>s&aring;</i>, Dan.
<i>saae</i>, Goth. <i>saian</i>, Lith. <i>s&emacr;ti</i>, Russ.
<i>sieiate</i>, L. <i>serere</i>, <i>sevi</i>.  Cf. <u>Saturday</u>,
<u>Season</u>, <u>Seed</u>, <u>Seminary</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To scatter, as seed, upon the earth; to plant by strewing; as, to
<i>sow</i> wheat. Also used figuratively: To spread abroad; to
propagate.</def> "He would <i>sow some difficulty</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A sower went forth to <i>sow</i>; and when he
<i>sowed</i>, some seeds fell by the wayside.</blockquote> <i>Matt.
xiii. 3, 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>sow</i> dissension in the hearts of
brothers.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To scatter seed upon, in, or over; to
supply or stock, as land, with seeds. Also used figuratively: To
scatter over; to besprinkle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The intellectual faculty is a goodly field, . . . and
it is the worst husbandry in the world to <i>sow</i> it with
trifles.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] <i>sowed</i> with stars the heaven.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now morn . . . <i>sowed</i> the earth with orient
pearl.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sow</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To scatter seed for
growth and the production of a crop; -- literally or
figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They that <i>sow</i> in tears shall reap in
joi.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxxvi. 5.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sow"ans</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sowens</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sow"ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per. <i>saw&amacr;r</i>
a horseman.] <def>In India, a mounted soldier.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sow"bane`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
red goosefoot (<i>Chenopodium rubrum</i>), -- said to be fatal to
swine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sowce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. & v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Souse</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sow"dan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>soudan</i>. See
<u>Soldan</u>.] <def>Sultan.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sow"dan*esse`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sultaness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sow"ens</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Scottish; cf.
AS. <i>se&aacute;w</i> juice, glue, paste.] <def>A nutritious article
of food, much used in Scotland, made from the husk of the oat by a
process not unlike that by which common starch is made; -- called
<i>flummery</i> in England.</def> [Written also <i>sowans</i>, and
<i>sowins</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sow"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, sows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sow"ins</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sowens</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sowl</hw>, <hw>Sowle</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[Cf. prov. G. <i>zaulen</i>, <i>zauseln</i>, G. <i>zausen</i> to tug,
drag.] <def>To pull by the ears; to drag about.</def> [Obs.]
<i>hak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sowl</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Soul</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sown</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Sow</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sowne</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos> <def>To
sound.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sowse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. & v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Souse</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>ryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sow"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Souter</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chinese
<i>sh&omacr;y&umacr;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A Chinese and
Japanese liquid sauce for fish, etc., made by subjecting boiled beans
(esp. soja beans), or beans and meal, to long fermentation and then
long digestion in salt and water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The soja, a kind of bean. See
<u>Soja</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soyle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Aphetic form of
<i>assoil</i>.] <def>To solve, to clear up; as, to <i>soyl</i> all
other texts.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Tyndate.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soyle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Soil</u> to feed.]
<def>Prey.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soyn"ed</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>soigner</i>
to care.] <def>Filled with care; anxious.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Mir. for
Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soz"zle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Freq. from
<i>soss</i>, v.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To splash or wet carelessly;
as, to <i>sozzle</i> the feet in water.</def> [Local, U.S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To heap up in confusion.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Forby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soz"zle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who spills water or other liquids carelessly; specifically, a sluttish
woman.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mass, or heap, confusedly mingled.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spa</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A spring or
mineral water; -- so called from a place of this name in
Belgium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spaad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>spath</i> spar.
See <u>Spar</u> the mineral.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A kind of spar; earth
flax, or amianthus.</def> [Obs.]  <i>oodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Space</hw> (sp&amacr;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>space</i>, F. <i>espace</i>, from L. <i>spatium</i> space; cf. Gr.
<grk>spa^n</grk> to draw, to tear; perh. akin to E. <i>span</i>.  Cf.
<u>Expatiate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Extension, considered
independently of anything which it may contain; that which makes
extended objects conceivable and possible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pure <i>space</i> is capable neither of resistance nor
motion.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Place, having more or less extension;
room.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They gave him chase, and hunted him as hare;<BR>
Long had he no <i>space</i> to dwell [in].</blockquote> <i>R. of
Brunne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>While I have time and <i>space</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A quantity or portion of extension;
distance from one thing to another; an interval between any two or
more objects; as, the <i>space</i> between two stars or two hills; the
sound was heard for the <i>space</i> of a mile.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Put a <i>space</i> betwixt drove and
drove.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxxii. 16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Quantity of time; an interval between two
points of time; duration; time.</def> "Grace God gave him here, this
land to keep long <i>space</i>."  <i>R. of brunne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nine times the <i>space</i> that measures day and
night.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God may defer his judgments for a time, and give a
people a longer <i>space</i> of repentance.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A short time; a while.</def> [R.] "To stay
your deadly strife a <i>space</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Walk; track; path; course.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This ilke [same] monk let old things pace,<BR>
And held after the new world the <i>space</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(print.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small
piece of metal cast lower than a face type, so as not to receive the
ink in printing, -- used to separate words or letters.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The distance or interval between words or
letters in the lines, or between lines, as in books.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Spaces are of different thicknesses to enable the compositor
to arrange the words at equal distances from each other in the same
line.</p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>One of the intervals, or open
places, between the lines of the staff.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Absolute space</b></col>, <col><b>Euclidian
space</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under <u>Absolute</u>, <u>Euclidian</u>,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Space line</b></col> <i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>a thin
piece of metal used by printers to open the lines of type to a regular
distance from each other, and for other purposes; a lead.</cd>
<i>Hansard.</i> -- <col><b>Space rule</b></col> <i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>a
fine, thin, short metal rule of the same height as the type, used in
printing short lines in tabular matter.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Space</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>espacier</i>,
L. <i>spatiari</i>. See <u>Space</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To
walk; to rove; to roam.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And loved in forests wild to <i>space</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Space</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spaced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spacong</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>espacer</i>. See <u>Space</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Print.)</i> <def>To arrange or adjust the
spaces in or between; as, to <i>space</i> words, lines, or
letters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Space"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wide;
extensive.</def>  <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Space"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without space.</def>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spa"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Spatial</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spa"cial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Spatially</u>.</def>  <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spa"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>spatiousus</i>:
cf. F. <i>spacieux</i>. See <u>Space</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Extending far and wide; vast in extent.</def>
"A <i>spacious</i> plain outstretched in circuit wide."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inclosing an extended space; having large
or ample room; not contracted or narrow; capacious; roomy; as,
<i>spacious</i> bounds; a <i>spacious</i> church; a <i>spacious</i>
hall.</def> -- <wf>Spa"cious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Spa"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Spa`das`sin"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. It.
<i>spadaccino</i> a swordsman, from <i>spada</i> a sword.] <def>A
bravo; a bully; a duelist.</def>  <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spad"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
spade.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spade</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Spay</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
hart or stag three years old.</def> [Written also <i>spaid</i>,
<i>spayade</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. L. <i>spado</i>.] <def>A castrated man or
beast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spade</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sp&aelig;d</i>;
<i>spada</i>; akin to D. <i>spade</i>, G. <i>spaten</i>, Icel.
<i>spa&eth;i</i>, Dan. & Sw. <i>spade</i>, L. <i>spatha</i> a spatula,
a broad two-edged sword, a spathe, Gr. <grk>spa`qh</grk>.  Cf.
<u>Epaulet</u>, <u>Spade</u> at cards, <u>Spathe</u>, <u>Spatula</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An implement for digging or cutting the
ground, consisting usually of an oblong and nearly rectangular blade
of iron, with a handle like that of a shovel.</def> "With <i>spade</i>
and pickax armed."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Sp. <i>espada</i>, literally, a sword; -- so
caused because these cards among the Spanish bear the figure of a
sword. Sp. <i>espada</i> is fr. L. <i>spatha</i>, Gr.
<grk>spa`qh</grk>. See the Etymology above.] <def>One of that suit of
cards each of which bears one or more figures resembling a
spade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"Let <i>spades</i> be trumps!" she said.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A cutting instrument used in flensing a
whale.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spade bayonet</b></col>, <cd>a bayonet with a broad blade
which may be used digging; -- called also <i>trowel bayonet</i>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Spade handle</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>the forked end
of a connecting rod in which a pin is held at both ends. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <i>Knuckle joint</i>, under <u>Knuckle</u>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1377 !></p>

<p><hw>Spade</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spaded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spading</u>.] <def>To dig with a spade; to pare off the sward of,
as land, with a spade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spade"bone`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Shoulder
blade.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spade"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An American market fish (<i>Ch&aelig;todipterus faber</i>) common
on the southern coasts; -- called also <i>angel fish</i>,
<i>moonfish</i>, and <i>porgy</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spade"foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of burrowing toads of the genus <i>Scaphiopus</i>,
esp. <i>S. Holbrookii</i>, of the Eastern United States; -- called
also <i>spade toad</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spade"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spadefuls</b></plw> (#). [<i>Spade</i> + <i>full</i>.] <def>As
much as a spade will hold or lift.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spad"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, spades; specifically, a digging machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spa*di"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>spadix</i>,
<i>-icis</i>, a date-brown or nut-brown color. See <u>Spadix</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of a bright clear brown or chestnut
color.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing flowers on a spadix;
of the nature of a spadix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spa"di*cose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Spadiceous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spa*dille"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Sp.
<i>espadilla</i>, dim. of <i>espada</i>. See <u>Spade</u> a card.]
<i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>The ace of spades in omber and
quadrille.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spa"dix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Spadices</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Spadixes</b></plw> (#).
[L., a palm branch broken off, with its fruit, Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A fleshy spike of flowers,
usually inclosed in a leaf called a <i>spathe</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A special organ of the
nautilus, due to a modification of the posterior tentacles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spa"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spadones</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Same as <u>Spade</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An impotent person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spa*droon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. & Sp.
<i>espadon</i>, It. <i>spadone</i>. See <u>Espadon</u>, <u>Spade</u>.]
<def>A sword, especially a broadsword, formerly used both to cut and
thrust.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spae</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spaed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spaeing</u>.] [Scot. <i>spae</i>, <i>spay</i>, to foretell, to
divine, Icel. <i>sp&amacr;</i>.] <def>To foretell; to divine.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Spae"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A prophet; a
diviner.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Spae"wife`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female fortune
teller.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>||Spa*ghet"ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>A
variety or macaroni made in tubes of small diameter.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spa*gyr"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Spa*gyr"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>sparygicus</i>, fr. Gr. &?; to draw, to
separate + &?; to assemble; cf. F. <i>spagirique</i>.] <def>Chemical;
alchemical.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spa*gyr"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A spagyrist.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spag"y*rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>spagiriste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A chemist, esp. one
devoted to alchemistic pursuits.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of a sect which arose in the days of
alchemy, who sought to discover remedies for disease by chemical
means.  The spagyrists historically preceded the iatrochemists.</def>
<i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Spa"hi</hw> (?), <hw>||Spa"hee</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per., Turk., & Hind. <i>sip&amacr;h&imacr;</i>:
cf. F. <i>spahi</i>. See <u>Seroy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Formerly, one of the Turkish cavalry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An Algerian cavalryman in the French
army.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spaid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 1st
<u>Spade</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spake</hw> (?), archaic <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Speak</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spake"net`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>A net for catching crabs.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spak"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Specky.</def> [Obs.]
<i>hapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spald"ing knife`</hw> (?). <def>A spalting knife.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Spell</u> a
splinter.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A lath; a shaving or chip, as of
wood or stone.</def> [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>A strengthening cross
timber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spall</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>espaule</i>; cf.
It. <i>spalla</i>. See <u>Epaule</u>.] <def>The shoulder.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spall</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>spall</i>,
<i>spell</i>. See <u>Spale</u>, <u>Spell</u> a splinter.] <def>A chip
or fragment, especially a chip of stone as struck off the block by the
hammer, having at least one feather-edge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spall</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mining)</i> <def>To break into small pieces, as ore, for the
purpose of separating from rock.</def>  <i>Pryce.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>To reduce, as irregular
blocks of stone, to an approximately level surface by
hammering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spall</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To give off spalls, or
wedge-shaped chips; -- said of stone, as when badly set, with the
weight thrown too much on the outer surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spal"peen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir. <i>spailpin</i>,
fr. <i>spailp</i> a beau, pride, self-conceit.] <def>A scamp; an Irish
term for a good-for-nothing fellow; -- often used in good-humored
contempt or ridicule.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Spalt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>spalt</i>stein,
from <i>spalten</i> to split. See 1st <u>Spell</u>.] <i>(Metal.)</i>
<def>Spelter.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Spalt</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Spell</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Liable to break or split; brittle; as,
<i>spalt</i> timber.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Heedless; clumsy; pert; saucy.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spalt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos> [Cf. OE.
<i>spalden</i>. See <u>Spalt</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To split
off; to cleave off, as chips from a piece of timber, with an ax.</def>
[Prov. Eng. & Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Spalt"ing knife`</hw> (?). <def>A knife used in splitting
codfish.</def> [Written also <i>spalding knife</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Span</hw> (?), archaic <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Spin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Span</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>spann</i>; akin to D.
<i>span</i>, OHG. <i>spanna</i>, G. <i>spanne</i>, Icel.
<i>sp&ouml;nn</i>. &radic;170. See <u>Span</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The space from the thumb to the
end of the little finger when extended; nine inches; eighth of a
fathom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a small space or a brief portion of
time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet not to earth's contracted <i>span</i><BR>
Thy goodness let me bound.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Life's but a <i>span</i>; I'll every inch
enjoy.</blockquote> <i>Farquhar.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The spread or extent of an arch between its
abutments, or of a beam, girder, truss, roof, bridge, or the like,
between its supports.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A rope having its ends made
fast so that a purchase can be hooked to the bight; also, a rope made
fast in the center so that both ends can be used.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> [Cf. D. <i>span</i>, Sw. <i>spann</i>, Dan.
<i>sp&aelig;nd</i>, G. <i>gespann</i>. See <u>Span</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> ] <def>A pair of horses or other animals driven together;
usually, such a pair of horses when similar in color, form, and
action.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Span blocks</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>blocks at the
topmast and topgallant-mast heads, for the studding-sail
halyards.</cd> -- <col><b>Span counter</b></col>, <cd>an old English
child's game, in which one throws a counter on the ground, and another
tries to hit it with his counter, or to get his counter so near it
that he can span the space between them, and touch both the
counters.</cd> <i>Halliwell.</i> "Henry V., in whose time boys went to
<i>span counter</i> for French crowns." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Span
iron</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a special kind of harpoon, usually
secured just below the gunwale of a whaleboat.</cd> -- <col><b>Span
roof</b></col>, <cd>a common roof, having two slopes and one ridge,
with eaves on both sides.</cd> <i>Gwilt.</i> -- <col><b>Span
shackle</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a large bolt driven through the
forecastle deck, with a triangular shackle in the head to receive the
heel of the old-fashioned fish davit.</cd> <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Span</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spanned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spanning</u>.] [AS. <i>pannan</i>; akin to D. & G. <i>spannen</i>,
OHG. <i>spannan</i>, Sw. <i>sp&auml;nna</i>, Dan. <i>sp&aelig;nde</i>,
Icel. <i>spenna</i>, and perh. to Gr. &?; to draw, to drag, L.
<i>spatium</i> space. &radic;170.  Cf. <u>Spin</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, <u>Space</u>, <u>Spasm</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
measure by the span of the hand with the fingers extended, or with the
fingers encompassing the object; as, to <i>span</i> a space or
distance; to <i>span</i> a cylinder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My right hand hath <i>spanned</i> the
heavens.</blockquote> <i>Isa. xiviii. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reach from one side of to the order; to
stretch over as an arch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rivers were <i>spanned</i> by arches of solid
masonry.</blockquote> <i>prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fetter, as a horse; to hobble.</def></p>

<p><hw>Span</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be matched, as
horses.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>||Spa*n&aelig;"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; scarce + &?; blood.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A condition of
impoverishment of the blood; a morbid state in which the red
corpuscles, or other important elements of the blood, are
deficient.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Spa*n&aelig;"mic</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to span&aelig;mia; having
impoverished blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Span"cel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps <i>span</i> +
AS. <i>s&amacr;l</i> a rope.] <def>A rope used for tying or hobbling
the legs of a horse or cow.</def> [Prov. Eng. & Local, U.S.]
  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Span"cel</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spanceled</u> (?) or <u>Spancelled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Spanceling</u> or <u>Spancelling</u>.] <def>To
tie or hobble with a spancel.</def> [Prov. Eng. & Local, U.S.]
<i>Malone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Span"dogs`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>A pair of
grappling dogs for hoisting logs and timber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Span"drel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Span</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The irregular triangular space
between the curve of an arch and the inclosing right angle; or the
space between the outer moldings of two contiguous arches and a
horizontal line above them, or another arch above and inclosing
them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A narrow mat or passe partout for a
picture.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Spane</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Akin to G.
<i>sp&auml;nen</i>, LG. & D. <i>spennen</i>, AS. <i>spanu</i> a teat.]
<def>To wean.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spang</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To spangle.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spang</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To spring; to bound;
to leap.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But when they <i>spang</i> o'er reason's fence,<BR>
We smart for't at our own expense.</blockquote> <i>Ramsay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spang</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bound or spring.</def>
[Scot.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spang</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>spange</i> a clasp or
fastening; akin to D. <i>spang</i>, G. <i>spange</i>, OHG.
<i>spanga</i>, Icel. <i>sp&ouml;ng</i> a spangle.] <def>A spangle or
shining ornament.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With glittering <i>spangs</i> that did like stars
appear.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Span"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>spangel</i>,
dim. of AS. <i>spange</i>. See <u>Spang</u> a spangle.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small plate or boss of shining metal;
something brilliant used as an ornament, especially when stitched on
the dress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively, any little thing that
sparkless.</def> "The rich <i>spangles</i> that adorn the sky."
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Oak spangle</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Oak</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Span"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spangled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spangling</u> (?).] <def>To set or sprinkle with, or as with,
spangles; to adorn with small, distinct, brilliant bodies; as, a
<i>spangled</i> breastplate.</def>  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What stars do <i>spangle</i> heaven with such
beauty?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Spangled coquette</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
tropical humming bird (<i>Lophornis regin&aelig;</i>). See
<u>Coquette</u>, 2.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Span"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To show brilliant
spots or points; to glisten; to glitter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some men by feigning words as dark as mine<BR>
Make truth to <i>spangle</i>, and its rays to shine.</blockquote>
<i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Span"gler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, spangles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Span"gly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling, or
consisting of, spangles; glittering; as, <i>spangly</i>
light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Span"iard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or
inhabitant of Spain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Span"iel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>espagneul</i>,
F. <i>&eacute;pagneul</i>, <i>espagnol</i> Spanish, Sp.
<i>espa&ntilde;nol</i>, fr. <i>Espa&ntilde;a</i> Spain, from L.
<i>Hispania</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a
breed of small dogs having long and thick hair and large drooping
ears. The legs are usually strongly feathered, and the tail bushy. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Clumber</u>, and <u>Cocker</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are several varieties of spaniels, some of which,
known as <i>field spaniels</i>, are used in hunting; others are used
for toy or pet dogs, as the Blenheim spaniel, and the King Charles
spaniel (see under <u>Blenheim</u>). Of the field spaniels, the larger
kinds are called <i>springers</i>, and to these belong the Sussex,
Norfolk, and Clumber spaniels (see <u>Clumber</u>). The smaller field
spaniels, used in hunting woodcock, are called <i>cocker spaniels</i>
(see Cocker). Field spaniels are remarkable for their activity and
intelligence.</p>

<p><blockquote>As a <i>spaniel</i> she will on him leap.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cringing, fawning person.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Span"iel</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cringing;
fawning.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Span"iel</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fawn; to cringe;
to be obsequious.</def> [R.]  <i>Churchill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Span"iel</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To follow like a
spaniel.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Span"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Spain or the Spaniards.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spanish bayonet</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a liliaceous
plant (<i>Yucca alorifolia</i>) with rigid spine-tipped leaves. The
name is also applied to other similar plants of the Southwestern
United States and mexico. Called also <i>Spanish daggers</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Spanish bean</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See the Note under
<u>Bean</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish black</b></col>, <cd>a black
pigment obtained by charring cork.</cd> <i>Ure.</i> -- <col><b>Spanish
broom</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a leguminous shrub (<i>Spartium
junceum</i>) having many green flexible rushlike twigs.</cd> --
<col><b>Spanish brown</b></col>, <cd>a species of earth used in
painting, having a dark reddish brown color, due to the presence of
sesquioxide of iron.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish buckeye</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a small tree (<i>Ungnadia speciosa</i>) of Texas,
New Mexico, etc., related to the buckeye, but having pinnate leaves
and a three-seeded fruit.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish burton</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a purchase composed of two single blocks. A
<i>double Spanish burton</i> has one double and two single
blocks.</cd> <i>Luce (Textbook of Seamanship).</i> -- <col><b>Spanish
chalk</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a kind of steatite; -- so called
because obtained from Aragon in Spain.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish
cress</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a cruciferous plant (<i>lepidium
Cadamines</i>), a species of peppergrass.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish
curiew</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the long-billed curlew.</cd>
[U.S.] -- <col><b>Spanish daggers</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Spanish bayonet</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish elm</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a large West Indian tree (<i>Cordia
Gerascanthus</i>) furnishing hard and useful timber.</cd> --
<col><b>Spanish feretto</b></col>, <cd>a rich reddish brown pigment
obtained by calcining copper and sulphur together in closed
crucibles.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish flag</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the California rockfish (<i>Sebastichthys rubrivinctus</i>). It is
conspicuously colored with bands of red and white.</cd> --
<col><b>Spanish fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a brilliant
green beetle, common in the south of Europe, used for raising
blisters. See <i>Blister beetle</i> under <u>Blister</u>, and
<u>Cantharis</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish fox</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a yarn twisted against its lay.</cd> --
<col><b>Spanish grass</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Esparto</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish juice</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>licorice.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish leather</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Cordwain</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish mackerel</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A species of mackerel
(<i>Scomber colias</i>) found both in Europe and America. In America
called <i>chub mackerel</i>, <i>big-eyed mackerel</i>, and <i>bull
mackerel</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In the United States, a
handsome mackerel having bright yellow round spots (<i>Scomberomorus
maculatus</i>), highly esteemed as a food fish. The name is sometimes
erroneously applied to other species. See <i>Illust.</i> under
Mackerel.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish main</b></col>, <cd>the name
formerly given to the southern portion of the Caribbean Sea, together
with the contiguous coast, embracing the route traversed by Spanish
treasure ships from the New to the Old World.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish
moss</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Tillandsia</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Spanish needles</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a composite weed
(<i>Bidens bipinnata</i>) having achenia armed with needlelike
awns.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish nut</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
bulbous plant (<i>Iris Sisyrinchium</i>) of the south of Europe.</cd>
-- <col><b>Spanish potato</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the sweet
potato. See under <u>Potato</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish
red</b></col>, <cd>an ocherous red pigment resembling Venetian red,
but slightly yellower and warmer.</cd> <i>Fairholt.</i> --
<col><b>Spanish reef</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a knot tied in the
head of a jib-headed sail.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish sheep</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a merino.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish
white</b></col>, <cd>an impalpable powder prepared from chalk by
pulverizing and repeated washings, -- used as a white pigment.</cd> --
<col><b>Spanish windlass</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a wooden
roller, with a rope wound about it, into which a marline spike is
thrust to serve as a lever.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Span"ish</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The language of
Spain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spank</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spanked</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spanking</u>.] [Of unknown origin; cf. LG. <i>spakken</i>,
<i>spenkern</i>, to run and spring about quickly.] <def>To strike, as
the breech, with the open hand; to slap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spank</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A blow with the open
hand; a slap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spank</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To move with a quick,
lively step between a trot and gallop; to move quickly.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spank"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who spanks, or anything used as an instrument for
spanking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The after sail of a ship or
bark, being a fore-and-aft sail attached to a boom and gaff; --
sometimes called <i>driver</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Sail</u>.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who takes long, quick strides in
walking; also, a fast horse.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Something very large, or larger than
common; a whopper, as a stout or tall person.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Spanker boom</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a boom to which
a spanker sail is attached. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Ship</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spank"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small coin.</def>
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spank"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Moving with a quick, lively pace, or capable of so doing;
dashing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Four <i>spanking</i> grays ready
harnessed.</blockquote> <i>G. Colman, the Younger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Large; considerable.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Spanking breeze</hw> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <def>a strong
breeze.</def></p>

<p><hw>Span"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable of
being spanned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Span"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, spans.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The lock of a fusee or carbine; also, the
fusee or carbine itself.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An iron instrument having a jaw to fit a
nut or the head of a bolt, and used as a lever to turn it with; a
wrench; specifically, a wrench for unscrewing or tightening the
couplings of hose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A contrivance in some of the
ealier steam engines for moving the valves for the alternate admission
and shutting off of the steam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Span"-new`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>sp&amacr;nn&?;r</i>, properly, new as a ship just split;
<i>sp&amacr;nn</i> chip + <i>n&?;r</i> new. See <u>Spoon</u>, and
<u>New</u>.] <def>Quite new; brand-new; fire-new.</def> "A <i>span-
new</i> archbishop's chair."  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Span"nish*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From OF.
<i>espanir</i> to spread, F. <i>&eacute;panou&?;</i>. See
<u>Expand</u>.] <def>The full blooming of a flower.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Span"piece</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>The collar of a roof; sparpiece.</def></p>

<p><hw>Span"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The larva of any geometrid moth, as the cankeworm; a geometer; a
measuring worm.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1378 !></p>

<p><hw>Spar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sp&aelig;r</i> in
<i>sp&aelig;rst&amacr;n</i> chalkstone; akin to MHG. <i>spar</i>, G.
<i>spar</i>kalk plaster.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An old name for a
nonmetallic mineral, usually cleavable and somewhat lustrous; as, calc
<i>spar</i>, or calcite, fluor <i>spar</i>, etc.  It was especially
used in the case of the gangue minerals of a metalliferous
vein.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Blue spar</b></col>, <col><b>Cube spar</b></col>, <cd>etc.
See under <u>Blue</u>, <u>Cube</u>, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sparre</i>; akin to D.
<i>spar</i>, G. <i>sparren</i>, OHG. <i>sparro</i>, Dan.& Sw.
<i>sparre</i>, Icel. <i>sparri</i>; of uncertain origin. &?; 171.  Cf.
<u>Spar</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A general term any round piece of timber used as a
mast, yard, boom, or gaff.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Formerly, a piece of timber,
in a general sense; -- still applied locally to rafters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The bar of a gate or door.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Spar buoy</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a buoy anchored by
one end so that the other end rises above the surface of the
water.</cd> -- <col><b>Spar deck</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the
upper deck of a vessel; especially, in a frigate, the deck which is
continued in a straight line from the quarter-deck to the forecastle,
and on which spare spars are usually placed. See under
<u>Deck</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spar torpedo</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>a torpedo carried on the end of a spar usually projecting from the
bow of a vessel, and intended to explode upon contact with an enemy's
ships.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spar</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sparren</i>, AS.
<i>sparrian</i>; akin to G. <i>sperren</i>, Icel. <i>sperra</i>; from
the noun. &radic;171. See <u>Spara</u> beam, bar.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To bolt; to bar.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To To supply or equip with spars, as a
vessel.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A vessel equipped with spars that are too large or too small
is said to be <i>oversparred</i> or <i>undersparred</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Spar</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sparred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sparring</u>.] [Of uncertain origin; cf. OF. <i>esparer</i> to
kick, F. <i>&eacute;parer</i>, or Icel. <i>sperra</i> to stretch out
the legs, to struggle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike with the
feet or spurs, as cocks do.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To use the fists and arms scientifically in
attack or defense; to contend or combat with the fists, as for
exercise or amusement; to box.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Made believe to <i>spar</i> at Paul with great
science.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To contest in words; to wrangle.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Spar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
contest at sparring or boxing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A movement of offense or defense in
boxing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spar"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted from
<i>sparrow bill</i>.] <def>A kind of small nail used by
shoemakers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spar"a*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small California surf fish (<i>Micrometrus aggregatus</i>); --
called also <i>shiner</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spar"a*drap</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sparadrap</i>; cf. It. <i>sparadrappo</i>, NL. <i>sparadrapa</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cerecloth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Any adhesive
plaster.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spar"age</hw> (?; 48), <hw>Spar"a*gus</hw> (?),
<hw>Spar"a*grass`</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Obs. or
corrupt forms of <u>Asparagus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spar"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>esparpiller</i> to scatter, F. <i>&eacute;parpiller</i>.] <def>To
scatter; to disperse; to rout.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The king's host was <i>sparbled</i> and
chased.</blockquote> <i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spare</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sparing</u>.] [AS. <i>sparian</i>, fr. <i>sp&aelig;r</i> spare,
sparing, saving; akin to D. & G. <i>sparen</i>, OHG. <i>spar&?;n</i>,
Icel. & Sw. <i>spara</i>, Dan. <i>spare</i> See <u>Spare</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To use frugally or
stintingly, as that which is scarce or valuable; to retain or keep
unused; to save.</def> "No cost would he <i>spare</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Thou] thy Father's dreadful thunder didst not
<i>spare</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He that hath knowledge, <i>spareth</i> his
words.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xvii. 27.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To keep to one's self; to forbear to impart
or give.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be pleased your plitics to <i>spare</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Spare</i> my sight the pain<BR>
Of seeing what a world of tears it costs you.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To preserve from danger or punishment; to
forbear to punish, injure, or harm; to show mercy to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Spare</i> us, good Lord.</blockquote> <i>Book of
Common Prayer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Dim sadness did not <i>spare</i><BR>
That time celestial visages.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Man alone can whom he conquers
<i>spare</i>.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To save or gain, as by frugality; to
reserve, as from some occupation, use, or duty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the time he could <i>spare</i> from the necessary
cares of his weighty charge, he &?;estowed on . . . serving of
God.</blockquote> <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To deprive one's self of, as by being
frugal; to do without; to dispense with; to give up; to part
with.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where angry Jove did never <i>spare</i><BR>
One breath of kind and temperate air.</blockquote>
<i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I could have better <i>spared</i> a better
man.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To spare one's self</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
act with reserve.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Her thought that a lady should <i>her
spare</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To save one's self labor, punishment, or
blame.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spare</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be frugal; not to be profuse; to live frugally; to be
parsimonious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I, who at some times spend, at others <i>spare</i>,<BR>
Divided between carelessness and care.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To refrain from inflicting harm; to use
mercy or forbearance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He will not <i>spare</i> in the day of
vengeance.</blockquote> <i>Prov. vi. 34.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To desist; to stop; to refrain.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spare</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Sparer</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sparest</u>; -- not
used in all the senses of the word.] [AS. <i>sp&aelig;r</i> sparing.
Cf. <u>Spare</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Scanty; not abundant or plentiful; as, a <i>spare</i>
diet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sparing; frugal; parsimonious;
chary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was <i>spare</i>, but discreet of
speech.</blockquote> <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Being over and above what is necessary, or
what must be used or reserved; not wanted, or not used; superfluous;
as, I have no <i>spare</i> time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If that no <i>spare</i> clothes he had to
give.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Held in reserve, to be used in an
emergency; as, a <i>spare</i> anchor; a <i>spare</i> bed or
room.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Lean; wanting flesh; meager; thin;
gaunt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, give me the <i>spare</i> men, and spare me the great
ones.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Slow.</def> [Obs. or prov. Eng.]
<i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spare</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of sparing; moderation; restraint.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Killing for sacrifice, without any
<i>spare</i>.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Parsimony; frugal use.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Poured out their plenty without spite or
<i>spare</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An opening in a petticoat or gown; a
placket.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which has not been used or
expended.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Tenpins)</i> <def>The right of bowling again
at a full set of pins, after having knocked all the pins down in less
than three bowls. If all the pins are knocked down in one bowl it is a
<i>double spare</i>; in two bowls, a <i>single spare</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Spare"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sparing;
chary.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Spare"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spare"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unsparing.</def>
<i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spare"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a spare manner;
sparingly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spare"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>sp&aelig;rnis</i> frugality.] <def>The quality or state of being
lean or thin; leanness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spar"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
spares.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spare"rib`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spare</i>, a. +
<i>rib</i>.] <def>A piece of pork, consisting or ribs with little
flesh on them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sparge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>spargere</i>;
cf. F. <i>asperger</i>.] <def>To sprinkle; to moisten by sprinkling;
as, to <i>sparge</i> paper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spar`ge*fac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spargere</i> to strew + <i>facere</i>, <i>factum</i>, to make.]
<def>The act of sprinkling.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spar"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>asperger</i>
to sprinkle, L. <i>aspergere</i>, <i>spargere</i>.] <def>A vessel with
a perforated cover, for sprinkling with a liquid; a
sprinkler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spar"hawk`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>sperhauke</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The sparrow hawk.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spar"-hung`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hung with spar,
as a cave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spar"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Spare; saving;
frugal; merciful.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Spar"ing*ly</wf>, adv. -- <wf>Spar"ing*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spark</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sparke</i>, AS.
<i>spearca</i>; akin to D. <i>spark</i>, <i>sperk</i>; cf. Icel.
<i>spraka</i> to crackle, Lith. <i>sprag&euml;ti</i>, Gr. &?; a
bursting with a noise, Skr. <i>sph&?;rj</i> to crackle, to thunder.
Cf. <u>Speak</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small particle of fire or
ignited substance which is emitted by a body in combustion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Man is born unto trouble, as the <i>sparks</i> fly
upward.</blockquote> <i>Job v. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small, shining body, or transient light;
a sparkle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which, like a spark, may be kindled
into a flame, or into action; a feeble germ; an elementary
principle.</def> "If any <i>spark</i> of life be yet remaining."
<i>Shak.</i> "Small intellectual <i>spark</i>." <i>Macaulay.</i>
"Vital <i>spark</i> of heavenly flame." <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We have here and there a little clear light, some
<i>sparks of bright knowledge</i>.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bright gem instinct with music, vocal
<i>spark</i>.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Spark arrester</b></col>, <cd>a contrivance to prevent the
escape of sparks while it allows the passage of gas, -- chiefly used
in the smokestack of a wood-burning locomotive. Called also <i>spark
consumer</i>.</cd> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Spark</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>sparkr</i> lively,
sprightly.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A brisk, showy, gay man.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The finest <i>sparks</i> and cleanest
beaux.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lover; a gallant; a beau.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spark</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To sparkle.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spark</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To play the spark,
beau, or lover.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A sure sign that his master was courting, or, as it is
termed, <i>sparking</i>, within.</blockquote> <i>W. Irwing.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spark"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A spark
arrester.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spark"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lively; brisk;
gay.</def> [Obs.] "Our <i>sparkful</i> youth."  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spark"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Like a spark; airy; gay.</def>  <i>W. Walsh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Showy; well-dresed; fine.</def>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spar"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of <i>spark</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A little spark; a scintillation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As fire is wont to quicken and go<BR>
From a <i>sparkle</i> sprungen amiss,<BR>
Till a city brent up is.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The shock was sufficiently strong to strike out some
<i>sparkles</i> of his fiery temper.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Brilliancy; luster; as, the <i>sparkle</i>
of a diamond.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spar"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sparkled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sparkling</u> (?).] [See <u>Sparkle</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
Spark of fire.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To emit sparks; to throw off
ignited or incandescent particles; to shine as if throwing off sparks;
to emit flashes of light; to scintillate; to twinkle; as, the blazing
wood <i>sparkles</i>; the stars <i>sparkle</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A mantelet upon his shoulder hanging<BR>
Bretful of rubies red, as fire <i>sparkling</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To manifest itself by, or as if by,
emitting sparks; to glisten; to flash.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I see bright honor <i>sparkle</i> through your
eyes.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To emit little bubbles, as certain kinds of
liquors; to effervesce; as, <i>sparkling</i> wine.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To shine; glisten; scintillate; radiate; coruscate;
glitter; twinkle.</p>

<p><hw>Spar"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To emit in the form
or likeness of sparks.</def> "Did <i>sparkle</i> forth great light."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spar"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Sparble</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To disperse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Landgrave hath <i>sparkled</i> his army without any
further enterprise.</blockquote> <i>State Papers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To scatter on or over.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Purchas.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spar"kler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who scatters;
esp., one who scatters money; an improvident person.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spar"kler</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, sparkles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spar"kler</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
tiger beetle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spark"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small
spark.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spark"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Vivacity.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Aubrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spar"kling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Emitting sparks;
glittering; flashing; brilliant; lively; as, <i>sparkling</i> wine;
<i>sparkling</i> eyes.</def> -- <wf>Spar"kling*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Spar"kling*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Brilliant; shining. See <u>Shining</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Spar"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to G.
<i>spierling</i>, <i>spiering</i>, D. <i>spiering</i>: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;perlan</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The European smelt (<i>Osmerus eperlanus</i>).</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A young salmon.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>A tern.</def> [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spar"lyre`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>spear-
lira</i>.] <def>The calf of the leg.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif (Deut.
xxviii. 35).</i></p>

<p><hw>Spa"roid</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sparus</i>
the gilthead + <i>-oid</i>: cf. F. <i>sparo&iuml;de</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the <i>Sparid&aelig;</i>,
a family of spinous-finned fishes which includes the scup, sheepshead,
and sea bream.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
<i>Sparid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spar"piece`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>The collar beam of a roof; the spanpiece.</def>
<i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spar"poil</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sparble</u>.] <def>To scatter; to spread; to disperse.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spar"row</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sparwe</i>, AS.
<i>spearwa</i>; akin to OHG. <i>sparo</i>, G. <i>sper</i>ling, Icel.
<i>sp&ouml;rr</i>, Dan. <i>spurv</i>, <i>spurre</i>, Sw. <i>sparf</i>,
Goth. <i>sparwa</i>; -- originally, probably, the quiverer or
flutterer, and akin to E. <i>spurn</i>. See <u>Spurn</u>, and cf.
<u>Spavin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of
many species of small singing birds of the family
<i>Fringillig&aelig;</i>, having conical bills, and feeding chiefly on
seeds. Many sparrows are called also <i>finches</i>, and
<i>buntings</i>. The common sparrow, or house sparrow, of Europe
(<i>Passer domesticus</i>) is noted for its familiarity, its voracity,
its attachment to its young, and its fecundity. See <i>House
sparrow</i>, under <u>House</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The following American species are well known; the
<i>chipping sparrow</i>, or <i>chippy</i>, the <i>sage sparrow</i>,
the <i>savanna sparrow</i>, the <i>song sparrow</i>, the <i>tree
sparrow</i>, and the <i>white-throated sparrow</i> (see <u>Peabody
bird</u>). See these terms under <u>Sage</u>, <u>Savanna</u>, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
small singing birds somewhat resembling the true sparrows in form or
habits, as the European hedge sparrow. See under
<u>Hedge</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that doth the ravens feed,<BR>
Yea, providently caters for the <i>sparrow</i>,<BR>
Be comfort to my age!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Field sparrow</b></col>, <col><b>Fox sparrow</b></col>,
etc. <cd>See under <u>Field</u>, <u>Fox</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Sparrow bill</b></col>, <cd>a small nail; a castiron shoe
nail; a sparable.</cd> -- <col><b>Sparrow hawk</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A small European hawk
(<i>Accipiter nisus</i>) or any of the allied species.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A small American falcon (<i>Falco
sparverius</i>).</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>The Australian collared
sparrow hawk (<i>Accipiter torquatus</i>).</cd> The name is applied to
other small hawks, as the European kestrel and the New Zealand quail
hawk. -- <col><b>Sparrow owl</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
small owl (<i>Glaucidium passerinum</i>) found both in the Old World
and the New. The name is also applied to other species of small
owls.</cd> -- <col><b>Sparrow spear</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the female of the reed bunting.</cd> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spar"row*grass`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted from
<i>asparagus</i>.] <def>Asparagus.</def> [Colloq.] See the Note under
<u>Asparagus</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Spar"row*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An evergreen shrub of the genus <i>Erica</i> (<i>E.
passerina</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Spar"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Spar</u>.]
<def>Resembling spar, or consisting of spar; abounding with spar;
having a confused crystalline structure; spathose.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sparry iron</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>siderite. See
<u>Siderite</u> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sparry
limestone</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a coarsely crystalline
marble.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sparse</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sparser</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sparsest</u>.] [L. <i>sparsus</i>, p. p.
of <i>spargere</i> to strew, scatter.  Cf. <u>Asperse</u>,
<u>Disperse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Thinly scattered; set or
planted here and there; not being dense or close together; as, a
<i>sparse</i> population.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Placed irregularly and
distantly; scattered; -- applied to branches, leaves, peduncles, and
the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sparse</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>sparsus</i>, p. p.
of <i>spargere</i> to scatter.] <def>To scatter; to disperse.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spars"ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Sparsely.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sparse"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a scattered or
sparse manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sparse"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sparse; as, <i>sparseness</i> of population.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spar"sim</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>spargere</i> to scatter.] <def>Sparsely; scatteredly; here and
there.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spar"tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Spartanus</i>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to Sparta, especially to ancient Sparta; hence,
hardy; undaunted; as, <i>Spartan</i> souls; <i>Spartan</i>
bravey.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant of
Sparta; figuratively, a person of great courage and
fortitude.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spar"te*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A narcotic alkaloid extracted from the tops of the common broom
(<i>Cytisus scoparius</i>, formerly <i>Spartium scoparium</i>), as a
colorless oily liquid of aniline-like odor and very bitter
taste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spar"ter*ie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from Sp.
<i>esparto</i> esparto, L. <i>spartum</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>Articles
made of the blades or fiber of the <i>Lygeum Spartum</i> and <i>Stipa
(or Macrochloa) tenacissima</i>, kinds of grass used in Spain and
other countries for making ropes, mats, baskets, nets, and
mattresses.</def>  <i>Loudon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sparth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>spar&?;a</i>.] <def>An Anglo-Saxon battle-ax, or halberd.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He hath a <i>sparth</i> of twenty pound of
weight.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1379 !></p>

<p><hw>Sparve</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The hedge sparrow.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spar"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sparing;
parsimonious.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spasm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>spasme</i>, L.
<i>spasmus</i>, Gr. &?;, from &?;, &?;, to draw, to cause convulsion.
Cf. <u>Span</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>An involuntary and unnatural contraction of one or
more muscles or muscular fibers.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Spasm are usually either <i>clonic</i> or <i>tonic</i>. In
<i>clonic spasm</i>, the muscles or muscular fibers contract and relax
alternately in very quick succession. In <i>tonic spasm</i>, the
contraction is steady and uniform, and continues for a comparatively
long time, as in tetanus.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sudden, violent, and temporary effort or
emotion; as, a <i>spasm</i> of repentance.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cynic spasm</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Cynic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spasm of the chest</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Angina pectoris</i>, under <u>Angina</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spas*mat"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Spasmodic.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spas"mod"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; a
convulsion + &?; likeness: cf. F. <i>spasmotique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to spasm;
consisting in spasm; occuring in, or characterized by, spasms; as, a
<i>spasmodic</i> asthma.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Soon relaxed or exhausted; convulsive;
intermittent; as, <i>spasmodic</i> zeal or industry.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spasmodic croup</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>an affection
of childhood characterized by a stoppage of brathing developed
suddenly and without fever, and produced by spasmodic contraction of
the vocal cords. It is sometimes fatal. Called also <i>laryngismus
stridulus</i>, and <i>childcrowing</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spasmodic
stricture</b></col>, <cd>a stricture caused by muscular spasm without
structural change. See <i>Organic stricture</i>, under
<u>Organic</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spas*mod"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
medicine for spasm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spas*mod"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Spasmodic</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> </def>--
<wf>Spas*mod"ic*al*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>spasticus</i>,
Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to draw: cf. F. <i>spastique</i>. See <u>Spasm</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to spasm; spasmodic; especially,
pertaining to tonic spasm; tetanic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spas"tic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Spasmodically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spas*tic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A state of spasm.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The tendency to, or capability of
suffering, spasm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spat</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Spit</u>.</def> [Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><hw>Spat</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the root of <i>spit</i>;
hence, literally, that which is ejected.] <def>A young oyster or other
bivalve mollusk, both before and after it first becomes adherent, or
such young, collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spat</hw>, <pos><i>v. i. & t.</i></pos> <def>To emit spawn; to
emit, as spawn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spat</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Pat</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A light blow with something flat.</def> [U.S.
& Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a petty combat, esp. a verbal one; a
little quarrel, dispute, or dissension.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Spat</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To dispute.</def> [R.]
<i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spat</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spatted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spatting</u>.] <def>To slap, as with the open hand; to clap
together; as the hands.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Little Isabel leaped up and down, <i>spatting</i> her
hands.</blockquote> <i>Judd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spa*tan"goid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Spatangoidea.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Spatangoidea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spat`an*goi"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Spatangus</u>, and <u>-oid</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order
of irregular sea urchins, usually having a more or less heart-shaped
shell with four or five petal-like ambulacra above. The mouth is
edentulous and situated anteriorly, on the under side.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spa*tan"gus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>spatangius</i> a kind of sea urchin, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A genus of heart-shaped sea urchins belonging to the
Spatangoidea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spatch"cock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Spitchcock</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of Celtic origin; cf. Ir.
<i>speid</i>.] <def>A river flood; an overflow or inundation.</def>
<i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Gareth in a showerful spring<BR>
Stared at the <i>spate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Spa"tha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spath&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
spathe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spa*tha"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having a spathe; resembling a spathe; spathal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spa"thal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Furnished with a spathe; as, <i>spathal</i> flowers.</def>
<i>Howitt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spathe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spatha</i>, Gr.
&?;: cf. F. <i>spathe</i>. See <u>Spade</u> for digging.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A special involucre formed of one leaf and
inclosing a spadix, as in aroid plants and palms. See the Note under
<u>Bract</u>, and <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Spadix</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is also given to the several-leaved involucre of
the iris and other similar plants.</p>

<p><hw>Spathed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having a spathe or calyx like a sheath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spath"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>spathique</i>, fr. F. & G. <i>spath</i> spar.] <def>Like spar;
foliated or lamellar; spathose.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spathic iron</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>siderite. See
<u>Siderite</u> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spath"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>spathiforme</i>.] <def>Resembling spar in form.</def> "The
ocherous, <i>spathiform</i>, and mineralized forms of uranite."
<i>Lavoisier (Trans.).</i></p>

<p><hw>Spath"ose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>See <u>Spathic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spath"ose`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Spathe</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a spathe; resembling a spathe; spatheceous;
spathal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spath"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Spathose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spath"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Spatulate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spa"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to space.</def> "<i>Spatial</i> quantity and relations."  <i>L. H.
Atwater.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spa"tial*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>As regards
space.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spa"ti*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spatiatus</i>, p. p. of <i>spatiari</i>, fr. <i>spatiatum</i>. See
<u>Space</u>.] <def>To rove; to ramble.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spat"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spattered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spattering</u>.] [From the root of <i>spit</i> salvia.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sprinkle with a liquid or with any wet
substance, as water, mud, or the like; to make wet of foul spots upon
by sprinkling; as, to <i>spatter</i> a coat; to <i>spatter</i> the
floor; to <i>spatter</i> boots with mud.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon any occasion he is to be <i>spattered</i> over
with the blood of his people.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To distribute by sprinkling; to sprinkle
around; as, to <i>spatter</i> blood.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To injure by aspersion; to defame; to
soil; also, to throw out in a defamatory manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spat"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To throw something
out of the mouth in a scattering manner; to sputter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That mind must needs be irrecoverably depraved, which,
. . . tasting but once of one just deed, <i>spatters</i> at it, and
abhors the relish ever after.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spat"ter*dashed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wearing
spatterdashes.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spat"ter*dash`es</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[<i>Spatter</i> + <i>dash</i>.] <def>Coverings for the legs, to
protect them from water and mud; long gaiters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spat`ter-dock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The common yellow water lily (<i>Nuphar advena</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Spat"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Spawl;
spittle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spat"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
spatula.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Pottery)</i> <def>A tool or implement for
mottling a molded article with coloring matter</def>
<i>Knoght.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spat"tling-pop"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E.
<i>spattle</i> to spit + E. <i>poppy</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind
of catchfly (<i>Silene inflata</i>) which is sometimes frothy from the
action of captured insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spat"u*la</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spatula</i>, <i>spathula</i>, dim. of <i>spatha</i> a spatula: F.
<i>spatule</i>. See <u>Spade</u> for digging.] <def>An implement
shaped like a knife, flat, thin, and somewhat flexible, used for
spreading paints, fine plasters, drugs in compounding prescriptions,
etc.  Cf. <i>Palette knife</i>, under <u>Palette</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spat"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>spatulatus</i>.] <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>Shaped like spatula, or
like a battledoor, being roundish, with a long, narrow, linear
base.</def> [Also written <i>spathulate</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Spauld</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Spall</u> the
shoulder.] <def>The shoulder.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Spav"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>spaveyne</i>,
OF. <i>esparvain</i>, F. <i>&eacute;parvin</i>; akin to OF.
<i>espervier</i> a sparrow hawk, F. <i>&eacute;pervier</i>, fr. OHG.
<i>sparw&amacr;ri</i> (G. <i>sperber</i>), fr. OHG. <i>sparo</i>
sparrow, because this disease makes the horse raise the infirm leg in
the manner of a sparrow hawk or sparrow. See <u>Sparrow</u>.]
<i>(Far.)</i> <def>A disease of horses characterized by a bony
swelling developed on the hock as the result of inflammation of the
bones; also, the swelling itself. The resulting lameness is due to the
inflammation, and not the bony tumor as popularly supposed.</def>
<i>Harbaugh.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bog spavin</b></col>, <cd>a soft swelling produced by
distention of the capsular ligament of the hock; -- called also
<i>blood spavin</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Bone spavin</b></col>, <cd>spavin
attended with exostosis; ordinary spavin.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spav"ined</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected with
spavin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spaw</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Spa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spawl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A splinter or
fragment, as of wood or stone. See <u>Spall</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spawl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>sp&amacr;tl</i>,
fr. <i>sp&aemacr;tan</i> to spit; probably akin to
<i>sp&imacr;wan</i>, E. <i>spew</i>.  Cf. <u>Spew</u>.] <def>Scattered
or ejected spittle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spawl</hw>, <pos><i>v. i. & t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spawled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spawling</u>.] [Cf. AS. <i>sp&amacr;tlian</i>.] <def>To scatter
spittle from the mouth; to spit, as saliva.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why must he sputter, <i>spawl</i>, and slaver it<BR>
In vain, against the people's favorite.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spawl"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is
spawled, or spit out.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spawn</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spawned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spawning</u>.] [OE. <i>spanen</i>, OF. <i>espandre</i>, properly,
to shed, spread, L. <i>expandere</i> to spread out. See
<u>Expand</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To produce or deposit (eggs),
as fishes or frogs do.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring forth; to generate; -- used in
contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One edition [of books] <i>spawneth</i>
another.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spawn</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
deposit eggs, as fish or frogs do.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To issue, as offspring; -- used
contemptuously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spawn</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [&radic;170. See <u>Spawn</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The ova, or eggs, of
fishes, oysters, and other aquatic animals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any product or offspring; -- used
contemptuously.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Hort.)</i> <def>The buds or branches
produced from underground stems.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The white fibrous matter
forming the matrix from which fungi.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spawn eater</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small
American cyprinoid fish (<i>Notropis Hudsonius</i>) allied to the
dace.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spawn"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A mature female fish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The barbel, for the preservation or their seed, both
the <i>spawner</i> and the milter, cover their spawn with
sand.</blockquote> <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Whatever produces spawn of any
kind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spay</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spayed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spaying</u>.] [Cf. Armor. <i>spac'hein</i>, <i>spaza</i> to geld,
W. <i>dyspaddu</i> to geld, L. <i>spado</i> a eunuch, Gr. &?;.]
<def>To remove or extirpate the ovaries of, as a sow or a bitch; to
castrate (a female animal).</def></p>

<p><hw>Spay</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Spade</u> a spay,
<u>Spay</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
male of the red deer in his third year; a spade.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spay"ad</hw> (?), <hw>Spay"ade</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A spay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Speak</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Spoke</u> (?) (<u>Spake</u> (&?;) Archaic); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Spoken</u> (?) (<u>Spoke</u>, Obs. or Colloq.); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Speaking</u>.] [OE. <i>speken</i>, AS.
<i>specan</i>, <i>sprecan</i>; akin to OF.ries. <i>spreka</i>, D.
<i>spreken</i>, OS. <i>spreken</i>, G. <i>sprechen</i>, OHG.
<i>sprehhan</i>, and perhaps to Skr. <i>sph&umacr;rj</i> to crackle,
to thunder.  Cf. <u>Spark</u> of fire, <u>Speech</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To utter words or articulate sounds, as human
beings; to express thoughts by words; as, the organs may be so
obstructed that a man may not be able to <i>speak</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Till at the last <i>spake</i> in this
manner.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Speak</i>, Lord; for thy servant
heareth.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. iii. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To express opinions; to say; to talk; to
converse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That fluid substance in a few minutes begins to set, as
the tradesmen <i>speak</i>.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An honest man, is able to <i>speak</i> for himself,
when a knave is not.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>During the century and a half which followed the
Conquest, there is, to <i>speak</i> strictly, no English
history.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To utter a speech, discourse, or harangue;
to adress a public assembly formally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many of the nobility made themselves popular by
<i>speaking</i> in Parliament against those things which were most
grateful to his majesty.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To discourse; to make mention; to
tell.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lycan <i>speaks</i> of a part of C&aelig;sar's army
that came to him from the Leman Lake.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To give sound; to sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Make all our trumpets <i>speak</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To convey sentiments, ideas, or
intelligence as if by utterance; as, features that <i>speak</i> of
self-will.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thine eye begins to <i>speak</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To speak of</b></col>, <cd>to take account of, to make
mention of.</cd> <i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i> -- <col><b>To speak
out</b></col>, <cd>to speak loudly and distinctly; also, to speak
unreservedly.</cd> -- <col><b>To speak well for</b></col>, <cd>to
commend; to be favorable to.</cd> -- <col><b>To speak with</b></col>,
<cd>to converse with.</cd> "Would you <i>speak with</i> me?"
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To say; tell; talk; converse; discourse; articulate;
pronounce; utter.</p>

<p><hw>Speak</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To utter with the mouth; to pronounce; to utter articulately, as
human beings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They sat down with him upn ground seven days and seven
nights, and none <i>spake</i> a word unto him.</blockquote> <i>Job.
ii. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter in a word or words; to say; to
tell; to declare orally; as, to <i>speak</i> the truth; to
<i>speak</i> sense.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To declare; to proclaim; to publish; to
make known; to exhibit; to express in any way.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is my father;s muste<BR>
To <i>speak</i> your deeds.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Speaking</i> a still good morrow with her
eyes.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And for the heaven's wide circuit, let it
<i>speak</i><BR>
The maker's high magnificence.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Report <i>speaks</i> you a bonny monk.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To talk or converse in; to utter or
pronounce, as in conversation; as, to <i>speak</i> Latin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And French she <i>spake</i> full fair and
fetisely.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To address; to accost; to speak
to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[He will] thee in hope; he will <i>speak</i> thee
fair.</blockquote> <i>Ecclus. xiii. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>each village senior paused to scan<BR>
And <i>speak</i> the lovely caravan.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To speak a ship</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to hail and
speak to her captain or commander.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Speak"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capable of being spoken; fit to be spoken.</def>
<i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Able to speak.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Speak"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who speaks.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One
who utters or pronounces a discourse; usually, one who utters a speech
in public; as, the man is a good <i>speaker</i>, or a bad
<i>speaker</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One who is the
mouthpiece of others; especially, one who presides over, or speaks
for, a delibrative assembly, preserving order and regulating the
debates; as, the <i>Speaker</i> of the House of Commons, originally,
the mouthpiece of the House to address the king; the <i>Speaker</i> of
a House of Representatives.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A book of selections for declamation.</def>
[U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Speak"er*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of
speaker; as, the <i>speakership</i> of the House of
Representatives.</def></p>

<p><hw>Speak"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Uttering speech; used for conveying speech; as, man is a
<i>speaking</i> animal; a <i>speaking</i> tube.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Seeming to be capable of speech; hence,
lifelike; as, a <i>speaking</i> likeness.</def></p>

<p><col><b>A speaking acquaintance</b></col>, <cd>a slight
acquaintance with a person, or one which merely permits the exchange
of salutations and remarks on indifferent subjects.</cd> --
<col><b>Speaking trumpet</b></col>, <cd>an instrument somewhat
resembling a trumpet, by which the sound of the human voice may be so
intensified as to be conveyed to a great distance.</cd> --
<col><b>Speaking tube</b></col>, <cd>a tube for conveying speech,
especially from one room to another at a distance.</cd> -- <col><b>To
be on speaking terms</b></col>, <cd>to be slightly
acquainted.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Speak"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of uttering words.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Public declamation; oratory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spear</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>spere</i>, AS.
<i>spere</i>; akin to D. & G. <i>speer</i>, OS. & OHS. <i>sper</i>,
Icel. spj&ouml;r, pl., Dan. <i>sp&aelig;r</i>, L. <i>sparus</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A long, pointed weapon, used in war and
hunting, by thrusting or throwing; a weapon with a long shaft and a
sharp head or blade; a lance.</def> [See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Spearhead</u>.] "A sharp ground <i>spear</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They shall beat their swords into plowshares, and their
<i>spears</i> into pruning hooks.</blockquote> <i>Micah iv. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A spearman.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sharp-pointed instrument with barbs, used
for stabbing fish and other animals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A shoot, as of grass; a spire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The feather of a horse. See <u>Feather</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The rod to which the bucket, or plunger, of
a pump is attached; a pump rod.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spear foot</b></col>, <cd>the off hind foot of a
horse.</cd> -- <col><b>Spear grass</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The common reed. See <u>Reed</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>meadow grass.
See under <u>Meadow</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spear hand</b></col>, <cd>the
hand in which a horseman holds a spear; the right hand.</cd>
<i>Crabb.</i> -- <col><b>Spear side</b></col>, <cd>the male line of a
family.</cd> <i>Lowell.</i> -- <col><b>Spear thistle</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the common thistle (<i>Cnicus
lanceolatus</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spear</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Speared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spearing</u>.] <def>To pierce with a spear; to kill with a spear;
as, to <i>spear</i> a fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spear</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To shoot into a long
stem, as some plants. See <u>Spire</u>.</def>  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spear"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who uses a
spear; as, a <i>spearer</i> of fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spear"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A large and powerful fish (<i>Tetrapturus
albidus</i>) related to the swordfish, but having scales and ventral
fins. It is found on the American coast and the Mediterranean.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The carp sucker.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1380 !></p>

<p><hw>Spear"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The pointed
head, or end, of a spear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spear"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spearmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who is armed with a
spear.</def>  <i>Acts xxiii. 23.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spear"mint`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named from its
<i>spiry</i>, not capitate, inflorescence. <i>Dr. Prior.</i>]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of mint (<i>Mentha viridis</i>) growing
in moist soil. It vields an aromatic oil. See <u>Mint</u>, and
<u>Mentha</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spear"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An Australian tree (<i>Acacia Doratoxylon</i>), and its tough
wood, used by the natives for spears.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spear"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sperewyrt</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name given to several species
of crowfoot (<i>Ranunculus</i>) which have spear-shaped
leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spear"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the form of
a spear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spece</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Species; kind.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Specht</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Speight</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A woodpecker.</def> [Obs. or prov. Eng.]
<i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spe"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>specialis</i>,
fr. <i>species</i> a particular sort, kind, or quality: cf. F.
<i>sp&eacute;cial</i>. See <u>Species</u>, and cf. <u>Especial</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a species; constituting a
species or sort.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>special</i> is called by the schools a
"species".</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Particular; peculiar; different from
others; extraordinary; uncommon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our Savior is represented everywhere in Scripture as
the <i>special</i> patron of the poor and the afficted.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To this <i>special</i> evil an improvement of style
would apply a <i>special</i> redress.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Appropriate; designed for a particular
purpose, occasion, or person; as, a <i>special</i> act of Parliament
or of Congress; a <i>special</i> sermon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Limited in range; confined to a definite
field of action, investigation, or discussion; as, a <i>special</i>
dictionary of commercial terms; a <i>special</i> branch of
study.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Chief in excellence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The king hath drawn<BR>
The <i>special</i> head of all the land together.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Special administration</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an
administration limited to certain specified effects or acts, or one
granted during a particular time or the existence of a special cause,
as during a controversy respecting the probate of a will, or the right
of administration, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Special agency</b></col>,
<cd>an agency confined to some particular matter.</cd> --
<col><b>Special bail</b></col>, <col><b>Bail above</b></col>, or
<col><b>Bail to the action</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>sureties who
undertake that, if the defendant is convicted, he shall satisfy the
plaintiff, or surrender himself into custody.</cd> <i>Tomlins. Wharton
(Law Dict.).</i> -- <col><b>Special constable</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Constable</u>.</cd> <i>Bouvier.</i> -- <col><b>Special
damage</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a damage resulting from the act
complained of, as a natural, but not the necessary, consequence of
it.</cd> -- <col><b>Special demurrer</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a
demurrer for some defect of form in the opposite party pleading, in
which the cause of demurrer is particularly stated.</cd> --
<col><b>Special deposit</b></col>, <cd>a deposit made of a specific
thing to be kept distinct from others.</cd> -- <col><b>Special
homology</b></col>. <i>(Biol.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Homology</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Special injuction</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an injuction
granted on special grounds, arising of the circumstances of the
case.</cd> <i>Daniell.</i> -- <col><b>Special issue</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an issue produced upon a special plea.</cd>
<i>Stephen.</i> -- <col><b>Special jury</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a
jury consisting of persons of some particular calling, station, or
qualification, which is called upon motion of either party when the
cause is supposed to require it; a struck jury.</cd> --
<col><b>Special orders</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>orders which do
not concern, and are not published to, the whole command, such as
those relating to the movement of a particular corps, a detail, a
temporary camp, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Special partner</b></col>, <cd>a
limited partner; a partner with a limited or restricted
responsibility; -- unknown at common law.</cd> -- <col><b>Special
partnership</b></col>, <cd>a limited or particular partnership; -- a
term sometimes applied to a partnership in a particular business,
operation, or adventure.</cd> -- <col><b>Special plea in bar</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a plea setting forth particular and new matter,
distinguished from the general issue.</cd> <i>Bouvier.</i> --
<col><b>Special pleader</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>originally, a
counsel who devoted himself to drawing special counts and pleas; in a
wider sense, a lawyer who draws pleadings.</cd> -- <col><b>Special
pleading</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the allegation of special or new
matter, as distingiushed from a direct denial of matter previously
alleged on the side.</cd> <i>Bouvier.</i> <cd>The popular denomination
of the whole science of pleading.</cd> <i>Stephen.</i> <cd>The phrase
is sometimes popularly applied to the specious, but unsound,
argumentation of one whose aim is victory, and not truth.</cd>
<i>Burrill.</i> -- <col><b>Special property</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>a qualified or limited ownership possession, as in wild animals,
things found or bailed.</cd> -- <col><b>Special session</b></col>,
<cd>an extraordinary session; a session at an unusual time or for an
unusual purpose; as, a <i>special session</i> of Congress or of a
legislature.</cd> -- <col><b>Special statute</b></col>, or
<col><b>Special law</b></col>, <cd>an act of the legislature which has
reference to a particular person, place, or interest; -- in
distinction from a <i>general law</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Special
verdict</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a special finding of the facts of
the case, leaving to the court the application of the law to
them.</cd> <i>Wharton (Law Dict.).</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Peculiar; appropriate; specific; dictinctive;
particular; exceptional; singular. See <u>Peculiar</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Spe"cial</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
particular.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One appointed for a special service or
occasion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In special</b></col>, <cd>specially; in particular.</cd>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spe"cial*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Devotion to a
particular and restricted part or branch of knowledge, art, or
science; as, medical <i>specialism</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spe"cial*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
devotes himself to some specialty; as, a medical <i>specialist</i>,
one who devotes himself to diseases of particular parts of the body,
as the eye, the ear, the nerves, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spe`ci*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Specialities</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Special</u>, and
<u>Specialty</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A particular or peculiar
case; a particularity.</def>  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>See <u>Specialty</u>,
3.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The special or peculiar mark or
characteristic of a person or thing; that for which a person is
specially distinguished; an object of special attention; a special
occupation or object of attention; a specialty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On these two general heads all other
<i>specialities</i> are depedent.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Strive, while improving your one talent, to enrich your
whole capital as a man. It is in this way that you escape from the
wretched narrow-mindedness which is the characteristic of every one
who cultivates his <i>speciality</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ld.
Lytton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We 'll say, instead, the inconsequent creature man, -
<BR>
For that'a his <i>speciality</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Think of this, sir, . . . remote from the impulses of
passion, and apart from the <i>specialities</i> -- if I may use that
strong remark -- of prejudice.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An attribute or quality peculiar to a
species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spe`cial*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of specializing, or the state of being
spezialized.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The setting apart of a
particular organ for the performance of a particular function.</def>
<i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spe"cial*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To mention specially; to
particularize.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To apply to some specialty or limited
object; to assign to a specific use; as, <i>specialized</i>
knowledge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>To supply with an organ or
organs having a special function or functions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spe"cial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a special manner; particularly; especially.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>For a particular purpose; as, a meeting of
the legislature is <i>specially</i> summoned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spe"cial*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Specialties</b></plw> (#). [F.
<i>sp&eacute;cialit</i>&eacute;.  Cf. <u>Speciality</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Particularity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Specialty</i> of rule hath been
neglected.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A particular or peculiar case.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A contract or obligation under
seal; a contract by deed; a writing, under seal, given as security for
a debt particularly specified.</def>  <i>Chitty.</i>  <i>Bouvier.</i>
<i>Wharton (Law Dict.).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let <i>specialties</i> be therefore drawn between
us.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That for which a person is distinguished,
in which he is specially versed, or which he makes an object of
special attention; a speciality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men of boundless knowledge, like Humbold, must have had
once their <i>specialty</i>, their pet subject.</blockquote> <i>C.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Spe"ci*e</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>abl.</i></pos> of L.
<i>species</i> sort, kind. Used in the phrase <i>in specie</i>, that
is, in sort, in kind, in (its own) form.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"[The king] expects a return in <i>specie</i> from
them" [<i>i. e.</i>, kindness for kindness].</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In specie</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>in precise or
definite form; specifically; according to the exact terms; of the very
thing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spe"cie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formed as a singular
from <i>species</i>, in sense 5.] <def>Coin; hard money.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spe"cies</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. sing. & pl.</i></pos> [L., a
sight, outward appearance, shape, form, a particular sort, kind, or
quality, a species. See <u>Spice</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Specie</u>, <u>Special</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Visible or
sensible presentation; appearance; a sensible percept received by the
imagination; an image.</def> [R.] "The <i>species</i> of the letters
illuminated with indigo and violet."  <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wit, . . . the faculty of imagination in the writer,
which searches over all the memory for the <i>species</i> or ideas of
those things which it designs to represent.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In the scholastic philosophy, the species was
<i>sensible</i> and <i>intelligible</i>. The <i>sensible</i> species
was that in any material, object which was in fact discerned by the
mind through the organ of perception, or that in any object which
rendered it possible that it should be perceived. The sensible
species, as apprehended by the understanding in any of the relations
of thought, was called an <i>intelligible</i> species. "An apparent
diversity between the <i>species</i> visible and audible is, that the
visible doth not mingle in the medium, but the audible doth."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>A group of individuals
agreeing in common attributes, and designated by a common name; a
conception subordinated to another conception, called a genus, or
generic conception, from which it differs in containing or
comprehending more attributes, and extending to fewer individuals.
Thus, <u>man</u> is a <i>species</i>, under <u>animal</u> as a
<i>genus</i>; and <i>man</i>, in its turn, may be regarded as a
<i>genus</i> with respect to <u>European</u>, <u>American</u>, or the
like, as <i>species</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In science, a more or less permanent group
of existing things or beings, associated according to attributes, or
properties determined by scientific observation.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In mineralogy and chemistry, objects which possess the same
definite chemical structure, and are fundamentally the same in
crystallization and physical characters, are classed as belonging to a
<i>species</i>. In zo&ouml;logy and botany, a <i>species</i> is an
ideal group of individuals which are believed to have descended from
common ancestors, which agree in essential characteristics, and are
capable of indefinitely continued fertile reproduction through the
sexes. A <i>species</i>, as thus defined, differs from a
<i>variety</i> or <i>subspecies</i> only in the greater stability of
its characters and in the absence of individuals intermediate between
the related groups.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A sort; a kind; a variety; as, a
<i>species</i> of low cunning; a <i>species</i> of generosity; a
<i>species</i> of cloth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Coin, or coined silver, gold, ot other
metal, used as a circulating medium; specie.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There was, in the splendor of the Roman empire, a less
quantity of current <i>species</i> in Europe than there is
now.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A public spectacle or exhibition.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Pharmacy)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
component part of compound medicine; a simple.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An officinal mixture or
compound powder of any kind; esp., one used for making an aromatic tea
or tisane; a tea mixture.</def>  <i>Quincy.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Civil Law)</i> <def>The form or shape given
to materials; fashion or shape; form; figure.</def>
<i>Burill.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Incipient species</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
subspecies, or variety, which is in process of becoming permanent, and
thus changing to a true species, usually by isolation in localities
from which other varieties are excluded.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spec"i*fi`a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Admitting
specification; capable of being specified.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spe*cif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sp&eacute;cifique</i>, or NL. <i>cpesificus</i>; L. <i>species</i>
a particular sort or kind + <i>facere</i> to make.  Cf.
<u>Specify</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a
species; characterizing or constituting a species; possessing the
peculiar property or properties of a thing which constitute its
species, and distinguish it from other things; as, the <i>specific</i>
form of an animal or a plant; the <i>specific</i> qualities of a drug;
the <i>specific</i> distinction between virtue and vice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Specific</i> difference is that primary attribute
which distinguishes each species from one another.</blockquote> <i>I.
Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifying; definite, or making definite;
limited; precise; discriminating; as, a <i>specific</i>
statement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Exerting a peculiar influence
over any part of the body; preventing or curing disease by a peculiar
adaption, and not on general principles; as, quinine is a
<i>specific</i> medicine in cases of malaria.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In fact, all medicines will be found <i>specific</i> in
the perfection of the science.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Specific character</b></col> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i>, <cd>a
characteristic or characteristics distinguishing one species from
every other species of the same genus.</cd> -- <col><b>Specific
disease</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A disease
which produces a determinate definite effect upon the blood and
tissues or upon some special tissue</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
disease which is itself uniformly produced by a definite and peculiar
poison or organism.</cd> -- <col><b>Specific duty</b></col>.
<i>(Com.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Duty</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Specific
gravity</b></col>. <i>(Physics)</i> <cd>See under <u>Gravity</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Specific heat</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>the quantity
of heat required to raise temperature of a body one degree, taking as
the unit of measure the quantity required to raise the same weight of
water from zero to one degree; thus, the <i>specific heat</i> of
mercury is 0.033, that of water being 1.000.</cd> -- <col><b>Specific
inductive capacity</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>the effect of a
dielectric body in producing static electric induction as compared
with that of some other body or bodies referred to as a standard.</cd>
-- <col><b>Specific legacy</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a bequest of a
particular thing, as of a particular animal or piece of furniture,
specified and distinguished from all others.</cd> <i>Wharton.</i>
<i>Burrill.</i> -- <col><b>Specific name</b></col> <i>(Nat.,
Hist.)</i>, <cd>the name which, appended to the name of the genus,
constitutes the distinctive name of the species; -- originally applied
by Linn&aelig;us to the essential character of the species, or the
<i>essential difference</i>.  The present <i>specific name</i> he at
first called the <i>trivial name</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Specific
performance</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the peformance of a contract
or agreement as decreed by a court of equity.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spe*cif"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A specific remedy. See <u>Specific</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His parents were weak enough to believe that the royal
touch was a <i>specific</i> for this malady.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything having peculiar adaption to the
purpose to which it is applied.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spe*cif"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Specific.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spe*cif"ic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
specific manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spe*cif"ic*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being specific.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spe*cif"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Specify</u>.] <def>To show, mark, or designate the species, or the
distinguishing particulars of; to specify.</def> [Obs.]  <i>ir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spec`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sp&eacute;cification</i>, LL. <i>specificatio</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of specifying or determining by a mark
or limit; notation of limits.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>specification</i> or limitation of the question
hinders the disputers from wandering away from the precise point of
inquiry.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The designation of particulars; particular
mention; as, the <i>specification</i> of a charge against an
officer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A written statement containing a minute
description or enumeration of particulars, as of charges against a
public officer, the terms of a contract, the description of an
invention, as in a patent; also, a single article, item, or
particular, an allegation of a specific act, as in a charge of
official misconduct.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spe*cif"ic*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being specific.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Specified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Specifying</u> (?).] [F. <i>sp&eacute;cifier</i>, or OF.
<i>especifier</i>, fr. LL. <i>specificare</i>. See <u>Species</u>,
<u>-fy</u>.] <def>To mention or name, as a particular thing; to
designate in words so as to distinguish from other things; as, to
<i>specify</i> the uses of a plant; to <i>specify</i> articles
purchased.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He has there given us an exact geography of Greece,
where the countries and the uses of their soils are
<i>specified</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Spe*cil"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>See <u>Stylet</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec"i*men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>specere</i> to look, to behold. See <u>Spy</u>.] <def>A part, or
small portion, of anything, or one of a number of things, intended to
exhibit the kind and quality of the whole, or of what is not
exhibited; a sample; as, a <i>specimen</i> of a man's handwriting; a
<i>specimen</i> of painting; a<i>specimen</i> of one's art.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sample; model; pattern.  -- <u>Specimen</u>,
<u>Sample</u>. A <i>specimen</i> is a representative of the class of
things to which it belongs; as, a <i>specimen</i> of photography. A
<i>sample</i> is a part of the thing itself, designed to show the
quality of the whole; as, a <i>sample</i> of sugar or of broadcloth. A
cabinet of minerals consists of <i>specimens</i>; if a part be broken
off from any one of these, it is a <i>sample</i> of the mineral to
which it belongs. "Several persons have exhibited <i>specimens</i> of
this art before multitudes of beholders." <i>Addison.</i> "I design
this but for a <i>sample</i> of what I hope more fully to discuss."
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spe`ci*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Speciocities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. LL. <u>speciositas</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being specious;
speciousness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Professions built so largely on <i>speciosity</i>,
instead of performance.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is specious.</def>  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1381 !></p>

<p><hw>Spe"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>speciosus</i>good-looking, beautiful, specious, fr. <i>species</i>
look, show, appearance; cf. F. <i>sp&eacute;coeux</i>. See
<u>Species</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Presenting a pleasing
appearance; pleasing in form or look; showy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some [serpents] <i>specious</i> and beautiful to the
eye.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Richardson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The rest, far greater part,<BR>
Will deem in outward rites and <i>specious</i> forms<BR>
Religion satisfied.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Apparently right; superficially fair, just,
or correct, but not so in reality; appearing well at first view;
plausible; as, <i>specious</i> reasoning; a <i>specious</i>
argument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Misled for a moment by the <i>specious</i> names of
religion, liberty, and property.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In consequence of their greater command of
<i>specious</i> expression.</blockquote> <i>J. Morley.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Plausible; showy; ostensible; colorable; feasible.
See <u>Plausible</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Spe"xious*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Spe"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Speck</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>spik</i>
blubber, AS. <i>spic</i>, D. <i>spek</i>, G. <i>speck</i>.] <def>The
blubber of whales or other marine mammals; also, the fat of the
hippopotamus.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Speck falls</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>falls or ropes
rove through blocks for hoisting the blubber and bone of whales on
board a whaling vessel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Speck</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>spekke</i>, AS.
<i>specca</i>; cf. LG. <i>spaak</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small
discolored place in or on anything, or a small place of a color
different from that of the main substance; a spot; a stain; a blemish;
as, a <i>speck</i> on paper or loth; <i>specks</i> of decay in
fruit.</def> "Gray sand, with black <i>specks</i>."  <i>Anson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A very small thing; a particle; a mite; as,
<i>specks</i> of dust; he has not a <i>speck</i> of money.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many bright <i>specks</i> bubble up along the blue
Egean.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small etheostomoid
fish (<i>Ulocentra stigm&aelig;a</i>) common in the Eastern United
States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Speck</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Specked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Specking</u>.] <def>To cause the presence of specks upon or in,
especially specks regarded as defects or blemishes; to spot; to
speckle; as, paper <i>specked</i> by impurities in the water used in
its manufacture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Carnation, purple, azure, or <i>specked</i> with
gold.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spec"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of <i>speck</i>;
cf. D. <i>spikkel</i>.] <def>A little or spot in or anything, of a
different substance or color from that of the thing itself.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An huge great serpent, all with <i>speckles</i>
pied.</blockquote> <i>Spebser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spec"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Speckled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Speckling</u> (?).] <def>To mark with small spots of a different
color from that of the rest of the surface; to variegate with spots of
a different color from the ground or surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec"kled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Marked or
variegated with small spots of a different color from that of the rest
of the surface.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Speckled Indians</b></col> <i>(Ethnol.)</i>, <cd>the
Pintos.</cd> -- <col><b>Speckled trout</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The common American brook trout. See
<u>Trout</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The rainbow trout.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spec"kled-bel`ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The gadwall.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Spec"kled-bill"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The American white-fronted goose (<i>Anser
albifrons</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec"kled*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being speckled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Speck`sion*eer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The chief
harpooner, who also directs in cutting up the speck, or blubber; -- so
called among whalers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Speckt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woodpecker. See
<u>Speight</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec"ta*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>spectaculum</i>, fr. <i>spectare</i> to look at, to behold, v.
intens. fr. <i>specere</i>. See <u>Spy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something exhibited to view; usually, something presented to view
as extraordinary, or as unusual and worthy of special notice; a
remarkable or noteworthy sight; a show; a pageant; a
gazingstock.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, piteous <i>spectacle</i>? O, bloody
times!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A spy-glass; a looking-glass.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Poverty a <i>spectacle</i> is, as thinketh me,<BR>
Through which he may his very friends see.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>An optical instrument consisting
of two lenses set in a light frame, and worn to assist sight, to
obviate some defect in the organs of vision, or to shield the eyes
from bright light.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Fig.: An aid to the intellectual
sight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shakespeare . . . needed not the <i>spectacles</i> of
books to read nature.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Show; sight; exhibition; representation;
pageant.</p>

<p><hw>Spec"ta*cled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Furnished with spectacles; wearing spectacles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As <i>spectacled</i> she sits in chimney
nook.</blockquote> <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the eyes
surrounded by color markings, or patches of naked skin, resembling
spectacles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spectacled bear</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a South
American bear (<i>Tremarclos ornatus</i>) which inhabits the high
mountains of Chili and Peru. It has a light-colored ring around each
eye.</cd> -- <col><b>Spectacled coot</b></col>, or <col><b>Spectacled
duck</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the surf scoter, or surf
duck.</cd> [Local, U.S.] -- <col><b>Spectacled eider</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Eider</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spectacled
goose</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the gannet.</cd> --
<col><b>Spectacled snake</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the cobra
de capello.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spec*tac"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a shows; of the nature of
a show.</def> "<i>Spectacular</i> sports."  <i>G. Hickes.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Adapted to excite wonder and admiration by
a display of pomp or of scenic effects; as, a <i>spectacular</i>
celebration of some event; a <i>spectacular</i> play.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to spectacles, or glasses for
the eyes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec"tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>spectans</i>,
p. pr. of <i>spectare</i> to look at.] <def>Looking forward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spectatio</i>.] <def>Regard; aspect; appearance.</def>
<i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spec*ta"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spectator</i>: cf. F. <i>spectateur</i>. See <u>Spectacle</u>.]
<def>One who on; one who sees or beholds; a beholder; one who is
personally present at, and sees, any exhibition; as, the
<i>spectators</i> at a show.</def> "Devised and played to take
<i>spectators</i>."
  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Looker-on; beholder; observer; witness.</p>

<p><hw>Spec`ta*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a spectator.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spec*ta"tor*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The office or quality of a spectator.</def>
[R.]  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of beholding.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spec*ta"tress</hw> (?), <hw>Spec*ta"trix</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spectatrix</i>.] <def>A female beholder or
looker-on.</def> "A <i>spectatress</i> of the whole scene."
<i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spec"ter</hw>, <hw>Spec"tre</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>spectre</i>, fr. L. <i>spectrum</i> an appearance, image,
specter, fr. <i>specere</i> to look. See <u>Spy</u>, and cf.
<u>Spectrum</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something preternaturally
visible; an apparition; a ghost; a phantom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ghosts of traitors from the bridge descend,<BR>
With bold fanatic <i>specters</i> to rejoice.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
tarsius.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A stick insect.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Specter bat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
phyllostome bat.</cd> -- <col><b>Specter candle</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a belemnite.</cd> -- <col><b>Specter
shrimp</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a skeleton shrimp. See under
<u>Skeleton</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spec`tion*eer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Specsioneer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to a specter; ghosty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that feels timid at the <i>spectral</i> form of evil
is not the man to spread light.</blockquote> <i>F. W.
Robertson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
spectrum; made by the spectrum; as, <i>spectral</i> colors;
<i>spectral</i> analysis.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spectral lemur</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Tarsius</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spec"tral*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the form or
manner of a specter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec"tre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Specter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec`tro*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to spectrology; as, <i>spectrological</i> studies or
experiments.</def> -- <wf>Spec`tro*log"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spec*trol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spectrum</i>
+ <i>-logy</i>.] <i>(Chem.Phys.)</i> <def>The science of spectrum
analysis in any or all of its relations and applications.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec*trom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spectrum</i>
+ <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A spectroscope fitted for
measurements of the luminious spectra observed with it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec`tro*pho*tom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Spectrum</i> + <i>photometer</i>.] <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>An
instrument for measuring or comparing the intensites of the colors of
the spectrum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec"tro*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spectrum</i>
+ <i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An optical instrument for
forming and examining spectra (as that of solar light, or those
produced by flames in which different substances are volatilized), so
as to determine, from the position of the spectral lines, the
composition of the substance.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spec`tro*scop"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Spec`tro*scop"ic*al</hw> (?)
}, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a spectroscope, or
spectroscopy.</def> -- <wf>Spec`tro*scop"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spec*tros"co*pist</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who investigates by means of a spectroscope; one skilled in the use of
the spectroscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec*tros"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The use of
the spectroscope; investigations made with the spectroscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec"trum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spectra</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Specter</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An apparition; a specter.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Opt.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
several colored and other rays of which light is composed, separated
by the refraction of a prism or other means, and observed or studied
either as spread out on a screen, by direct vision, by photography, or
otherwise. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Light</u>, and
<u>Spectroscope</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A luminous
appearance, or an image seen after the eye has been exposed to an
intense light or a strongly illuminated object. When the object is
colored, the image appears of the complementary color, as a green
image seen after viewing a red wafer lying on white paper. Called also
<i>ocular spectrum</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Absorption spectrum</b></col>, <cd>the spectrum of light
which has passed through a medium capable of absorbing a portion of
the rays. It is characterized by dark spaces, bands, or lines.</cd> --
<col><b>Chemical spectrum</b></col>, <cd>a spectrum of rays considered
solely with reference to their chemical effects, as in photography.
These, in the usual photogrophic methods, have their maximum influence
at and beyond the violet rays, but are not limited to this
region.</cd> -- <col><b>Chromatic spectrum</b></col>, <cd>the visible
colored rays of the solar spectrum, exhibiting the seven principal
colors in their order, and covering the central and larger portion of
the space of the whole spectrum.</cd> -- <col><b>Continous
spectrum</b></col>, <cd>a spectrum not broken by bands or lines, but
having the colors shaded into each other continously, as that from an
incandescent solid or liquid, or a gas under high pressure.</cd> --
<col><b>Diffraction spectrum</b></col>, <cd>a spectrum produced by
diffraction, as by a grating.</cd> -- <col><b>Gaseous
spectrum</b></col>, <cd>the spectrum of an incandesoent gas or vapor,
under moderate, or especially under very low, pressure. It is
characterized by bright bands or lines.</cd> -- <col><b>Normal
spectrum</b></col>, <cd>a representation of a spectrum arranged upon
conventional plan adopted as standard, especially a spectrum in which
the colors are spaced proportionally to their wave lengths, as when
formed by a diffraction grating.</cd> -- <col><b>Ocular
spectrum</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Spectrum</u>, 2 <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>,
above.</cd> -- <col><b>Prismatic spectrum</b></col>, <cd>a spectrum
produced by means of a prism.</cd> -- <col><b>Solar
spectrum</b></col>, <cd>the spectrum of solar light, especially as
thrown upon a screen in a darkened room. It is characterized by
numerous dark lines called <i>Fraunhofer lines</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Spectrum analysis</b></col>, <cd>chemical analysis effected by
comparison of the different relative positions and qualities of the
fixed lines of spectra produced by flames in which different
substances are burned or evaporated, each substance having its own
characteristic system of lines.</cd> -- <col><b>Thermal
spectrum</b></col>, <cd>a spectrum of rays considered solely with
reference to their heating effect, especially of those rays which
produce no luminous phenomena.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spec"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>specularis</i>
(cf., from the same root, <i>specula</i> a lookout, watchtower): cf.
F. <i>sp&eacute;culaire</i>. See <u>Speculum</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the qualities of a speculum, or mirror; having a smooth,
reflecting surface; as, a <i>specular</i> metal; a <i>specular</i>
surface.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a
speculum; conducted with the aid of a speculum; as, a <i>specular</i>
examination.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Assisting sight, as a lens or the
like.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thy <i>specular</i> orb<BR>
Apply to well-dissected kernels; lo!<BR>
In each observe the slender threads<BR>
Of first-beginning trees.</blockquote> <i>J. Philips.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Affording view.</def> [R.] "Look once more,
ere we leave this <i>specular</i> mount."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Specular iron</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Hematite</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spec"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Speculated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Speculating</u>.] [L. <i>speculatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>speculari</i> to spy out, observe, fr. <i>specula</i> a lookout,
fr. <i>specere</i> to look. See <u>Spy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To consider by turning a subject in the mind, and viewing it in
its different aspects and relations; to meditate; to contemplate; to
theorize; as, to <i>speculate</i> on questions in religion; to
<i>speculate</i> on political events.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is remarkable that persons who <i>speculate</i> the
most boldly often conform with the most pefect quietude to the
external regulations of society.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Philos.)</i> <def>To view subjects from
certain premises given or assumed, and infer conclusions respecting
them <i>a priori</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>To purchase with the
expectation of a contingent advance in value, and a consequent sale at
a profit; -- often, in a somewhat depreciative sense, of unsound or
hazardous transactions; as, to <i>speculate</i> in coffee, in sugar,
or in bank stock.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Spec"u*late</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To consider
attentively; as, to <i>speculate</i> the nature of a thing.</def> [R.]
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spec`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>speculatio</i> a spying out, observation: cf. F.
<i>sp&eacute;culation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
speculating.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Examination by the eye; view.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Mental view of anything in its various
aspects and relations; contemplation; intellectual
examination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thenceforth to <i>speculations</i> high or deep<BR>
I turned my thoughts.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Philos.)</i> <def>The act or process of
reasoning <i>a priori</i> from premises given or assumed.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>The act or practice of
buying land, goods, shares, etc., in expectation of selling at a
higher price, or of selling with the expectation of repurchasing at a
lower price; a trading on anticipated fluctuations in price, as
distinguished from trading in which the profit expected is the
difference between the retail and wholesale prices, or the difference
of price in different markets.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>Sudden fortunes, indeed, are sometimes made in such
places, by what is called the trade of
<i>speculation</i>.</blockquote> <i>A. Smith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Speculation</i>, while confined within moderate
limits, is the agent for equalizing supply and demand, and rendering
the fluctuations of price less sudden and abrupt than they would
otherwise be.</blockquote> <i>F. A. Walker.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>Any business venture in involving unusual
risks, with a chance for large profits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A conclusion to which the mind comes by
speculating; mere theory; view; notion; conjecture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From him Socrates derived the principles of morality,
and most part of his natural <i>speculations</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir
W. temple.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To his <i>speculations</i> on these subjects he gave
the lofty name of the "Oracles of Reason."</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Power of sight.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou hast no <i>speculation</i> in those
eyes.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A game at cards in which the players buy
from one another trumps or whole hands, upon a chance of getting the
highest trump dealt, which entitles the holder to the pool of
stakes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec"u*la*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
speculates, or forms theories; a speculator; a theorist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The very ingenious <i>speculatist</i>, Mr.
Hume.</blockquote> <i>V. Knox.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spec"u*la*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sp&eacute;culatif</i>, L. <i>speculativus</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Given to speculation; contemplative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mind of man being by nature
<i>speculative</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Involving, or formed by, speculation;
ideal; theoretical; not established by demonstration.</def>
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to vision; also, prying;
inquisitive; curious.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to speculation in land,
goods, shares, etc.; as, a <i>speculative</i> dealer or
enterprise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>speculative</i> merchant exercises no one
regular, established, or well-known branch of business.</blockquote>
<i>A. Smith.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Spec"u*la*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Spec"u*la*tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spec"u*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a spy,
explorer, investigator: cf. F. <i>sp&eacute;culateur</i>.] <def>One
who speculates. Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> An observer; a
contemplator; hence, a spy; a watcher.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One who forms theories; a
theorist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>speculator</i> who had dared to affirm that the
human soul is by nature mortal.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>One who engages in
speculation; one who buys and sells goods, land, etc., with the
expectation of deriving profit from fluctuations in price.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1382 !></p>

<p><hw>Spec`u*la*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Speculatory; speculative.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spec"u*la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>speculatorius</i> belonging to spies or scouts.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Intended or adapted for viewing or espying; having
oversight.</def>  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exercising speculation; speculative.</def>
<i>T. Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spec"u*list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
observes or considers; an observer.</def> [R.]  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spec"u*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Specula</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Speculum</b></plw> (#). [L.,
fr. <i>specere</i> to look, behold. See <u>Spy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mirror, or looking-glass; especially, a
metal mirror, as in Greek and Roman arch&aelig;ology.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A reflector of polished metal, especially
one used in reflecting telescopes. See <i>Speculum metal</i>,
below.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An instrument for dilating
certain passages of the body, and throwing light within them, thus
facilitating examination or surgical operations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bright and lustrous
patch of color found on the wings of ducks and some other birds. It is
usually situated on the distal portions of the secondary quills, and
is much more brilliant in the adult male than in the female.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Speculum metal</b></col>, <cd>a hard, brittle alloy used
for making the reflectors of telescopes and other instruments, usually
consisting of copper and tin in various proportions, one of the best
being that in which there are 126.4 parts of copper to 58.9 parts of
tin, with sometimes a small proportion of arsenic, antimony, or zinc
added to improve the whiteness.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sped</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Speed</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Speece</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Species; sort.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Speech</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>speche</i>, AS.
<i>sp&?;c</i>, <i>spr&?;</i>, fr. <i>specan</i>, <i>sprecan</i>, to
speak; akin to D. <i>spraak</i> speech, OHG. <i>spr&amacr;hha</i>, G.
<i>sprache</i>, Sw. <i>spr&?;k</i>, Dan. <i>sprog</i>. See
<u>Speak</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The faculty of uttering
articulate sounds or words; the faculty of expressing thoughts by
words or articulate sounds; the power of speaking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is none comparable to the variety of instructive
expressions by <i>speech</i>, wherewith man alone is endowed for the
communication of his thoughts.</blockquote> <i>Holder.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>he act of speaking; that which is spoken;
words, as expressing ideas; language; conversation.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Speech is voice modulated by the throat, tongue, lips, etc.,
the modulation being accomplished by changing the form of the cavity
of the mouth and nose through the action of muscles which move their
walls.</p>

<p><blockquote>O goode God! how gentle and how kind<BR>
Ye seemed by your <i>speech</i> and your visage<BR>
The day that maked was our marriage.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The acts of God . . . to human ears<BR>
Can nort without process of <i>speech</i> be told.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A particular language, as distinct from
others; a tongue; a dialect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>People of a strange <i>speech</i> and of an hard
language.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. iii. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Talk; mention; common saying.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The duke . . . did of me demand<BR>
What was the <i>speech</i> among the Londoners<BR>
Concerning the French journey.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>formal discourse in public; oration;
harangue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The constant design of these orators, in all their
<i>speeches</i>, was to drive some one particular point.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>ny declaration of thoughts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I. with leave of <i>speech</i> implored, . . .
replied.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> Harangue; language; address; oration. See
<u>Harangue</u>, and <u>Language</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Speech</hw>, <pos><i>v. i. & t.</i></pos> <def>To make a
speech; to harangue.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Speech"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of speech
or words; voluble; loquacious.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Speech`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[See
<u>Spechify</u>.] <def>The act of speechifying.</def> [Used humorously
or in contempt.]</p>

<p><hw>Speech"i*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
makes a speech or speeches; an orator; a declaimer.</def> [Used
humorously or in contempt.]  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Speech"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Speechified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Speechifying</u> (?).] [<i>Speech</i> + <i>-fy</i>.]
<def>To make a speech; to harangue.</def> [Used derisively or
humorously.]</p>

<p><hw>Speech"i*fy`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
making a speech or speeches.</def> [Used derisively or
humorously.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The dinner and <i>speechifying</i> . . . at the opening
of the annual season for the buckhounds.</blockquote> <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Speech"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of making a
speech.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Speech"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Destitute or deprived of the faculty of speech.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not speaking for a time; dumb; mute;
silent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Speechless</i> with wonder, and half dead with
fear.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Speech"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Speech"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Speech"mak`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes
speeches; one accustomed to speak in a public assembly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Speed</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sp&?;d</i>
success, swiftness, from <i>sp&?;wan</i> to succeed; akin to D.
<i>spoed</i>d, OHG. <i>spuot</i> success, <i>spuot</i> to succees,
Skr. <i>sph&amacr;</i> to increase, grow fat. &radic;170<i>b.</i>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Prosperity in an undertaking; favorable issue;
success.</def> "For common <i>speed</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O Lord God of my master Abraham, I pray thee, send me
good <i>speed</i> this day.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxiv. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or state of moving swiftly;
swiftness; velocity; rapidly; rate of motion; dispatch; as, the
<i>speed</i> a horse or a vessel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Speed</i>, to describe whose swiftness number
fails.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In kinematics, <i>speed</i>is sometimes used to denote the
amount of velocity without regard to direction of motion, while
<i>velocity</i> is not regarded as known unless both the direction and
the amount are known.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, causes or promotes
speed or success.</def> [Obs.] "Hercules be thy <i>speed</i>!"
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>God speed</b></col>, <cd>Good speed; prosperity. See
<u>Godspeed</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Speed gauge</b></col>, <col><b>Speed
indicator</b></col>, &and; <col><b>Speed recorder</b></col>
<i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>devices for indicating or recording the rate of a
body's motion, as the number of revolutions of a shaft in a given
time.</cd> -- <col><b>Speed lathe</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a
power lathe with a rapidly revolving spindle, for turning small
objects, for polishing, etc.; a hand lathe.</cd> -- <col><b>Speed
pulley</b></col>, <cd>a cone pulley with steps.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Haste; swiftness; celerity; quickness; dispatch;
expedition; hurry; acceleration. See <u>Haste</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Speed</hw> (sp&emacr;d), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sped</u> (sp&ebreve;d), <u>Speeded</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Speeding</u>.] [AS.
<i>sp&emacr;dan</i>, fr. <i>sp&emacr;d</i>, n.; akin to D.
<i>spoeden</i>, G. sich <i>sputen</i>.  See <u>Speed</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To go; to fare.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To warn him now he is too farre
<i>sped</i>.</blockquote> <i>Remedy of Love.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To experience in going; to have any
condition, good or ill; to fare.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ships heretofore in seas like fishes <i>sped</i>;<BR>
 The mightiest still upon the smallest fed.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fare well; to have success; to
prosper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Save London, and send true lawyers their meed!<BR>
For whoso wants money with them shall not <i>speed</i>!</blockquote>
<i>Lydgate.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I told ye then he should prevail, and <i>speed</i><BR>
On his bad errand.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make haste; to move with
celerity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have <i>speeded</i> hither with the very extremest
inch of possibility.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To be expedient.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif (2
Cor. xii. 1.)</i></p>

<p><hw>Speed</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to be successful, or to prosper; hence, to aid; to favor.</def>
"Fortune <i>speed</i> us!"  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With rising gales that <i>speed</i> their happy
flight.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to make haste; to dispatch with
celerity; to drive at full speed; hence, to hasten; to
hurry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>sped</i> him thence home to his
habitation.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To hasten to a conclusion; to
expedite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Judicial acts . . . are <i>sped</i> in open court at
the instance of one or both of the parties.</blockquote>
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To hurry to destruction; to put an end to;
to ruin; to undo.</def> "<i>Sped</i> with spavins."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A dire dilemma! either way I 'm <i>sped</i>.<BR>
If foes, they write, if friends, they read, me dead.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To wish success or god fortune to, in any
undertaking, especially in setting out upon a journey.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Welcome the coming, <i>speed</i> the parting
guest.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>God speed you</b></col>, <col><b>them</b></col>, <cd>etc.,
may God speed you; or, may you have good speed.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To dispatch; hasten; expedite; accelerate;
hurry.</p>

<p><hw>Speed"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, speeds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Spinning)</i> <def>A machine for drawing and
twisting slivers to form rovings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Speed"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of speed (in
any sense).</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Speed"ful*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a speedful
manner.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Speed"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a speedy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Speed"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being speedy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Speed"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being without
speed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Speed"well</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any plant of the genus <i>Veronica</i>, mostly low herbs with
pale blue corollas, which quickly fall off.</def></p>

<p><hw>Speed"y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Speedier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Speediest</u>.] [AS.
<i>sp&emacr;dyg</i>.] <def>Not dilatory or slow; quick; swift; nimble;
hasty; rapid in motion or performance; as, a <i>speedy</i> flight; on
<i>speedy</i> foot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will wish her <i>speedy</i> strength.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Darts, which not the good could shun,<BR>
The <i>speedy</i> ould outfly.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Speer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sphere.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Speer</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To ask.</def> [Scot.]
See <u>Spere</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Speet</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>speten</i>.
See <u>Spit</u> an iron prong.] <def>To stab.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gammer
Gurton's Needle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Speight</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>specht</i>,
probably akin to L. <i>picus</i>: cf. D. <i>specht</i>. &radic;169.
See <u>Pie</u> a magpie.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A woodpecker; --
called also <i>specht</i>, <i>spekt</i>, <i>spight</i>.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Speir</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To ask. See
<u>Spere</u>.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Speis`ko"balt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.]
<def>Smaltite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Speiss</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>speise</i>
food, mixed metal for bells, etc.] <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A regulus
consisting essentially of nickel, obtained as a residue in fusing
cobalt and nickel ores with silica and sodium carbonate to make
smalt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spek"boom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D., lit. fat tree.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The purslane tree of South Africa, -- said to be
the favorite food of elephants.</def>  <i>Balfour (Cyc. of
India).</i></p>

<p><hw>Speke</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. & t.</i></pos> <def>To
speak.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Speke"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The parlor or
reception room of a convent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spel"ding</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot. <i>speld</i> to
spread out, <i>spelder</i> to split. spread open; cf. G.
<i>spalten</i> split.] <def>A haddock or other small fish split open
and dried in the sun; -- called also <i>speldron</i>.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Spel"i*cans</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Spilikin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spelk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>spelc</i>,
<i>spilc</i>, a little rod by which a thing is kept straight, a splint
for binding up broken bones, akin to Icel. <i>spelkur</i>, pl., a
splint.  Cf. <u>Spell</u> a splinter.] <def>A small stick or rod used
as a spike in thatching; a splinter.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spell</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>speld</i>, AS.
<i>speld</i> a spill to light a candle with; akin to D. <i>speld</i> a
pin, OD. <i>spelle</i>, G. <i>spalten</i> to split, OHG.
<i>spaltan</i>, MHG. <i>spelte</i> a splinter, Icel. <i>spjald</i> a
square tablet, Goth. <i>spilda</i> a writing tablet.  Cf.
<u>Spill</u>splinter, roll of paper, <u>Spell</u> to tell the letters
of.] <def>A spelk, or splinter.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spell</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spelled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spelling</u>.] [AS. <i>spelian</i> to supply another's place.]
<def>To supply the place of for a time; to take the turn of, at work;
to relieve; as, to <i>spell</i> the helmsman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spell</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
relief of one person by another in any piece of work or watching;
also, a turn at work which is carried on by one person or gang
relieving another; as, a <i>spell</i> at the pumps; a <i>spell</i> at
the masthead.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>spell</i> at the wheel is called a
trick.</blockquote> <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The time during which one person or gang
works until relieved; hence, any relatively short period of time,
whether a few hours, days, or weeks.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing new has happened in this quarter, except the
setting in of a severe <i>spell</i> of cold weather.</blockquote>
<i>Washington.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One of two or more persons or gangs who
work by spells.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Their toil is so extreme that they can not endure it
above four hours in a day, but are succeeded by
<i>spells</i>.</blockquote> <i>Garew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A gratuitous helping forward of another's
work; as, a logging <i>spell</i>.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Spell</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[AS. <i>spell</i> a saying,
tale, speech; akin to OS. & OHG. <i>spel</i>, Icel.
<i>spjall</i>,Goth. <i>spill</i>.  Cf. <u>Gospel</u>, <u>Spell</u> to
tell the letters of.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A story; a tale.</def>
[Obs.] "Hearken to my <i>spell</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stanza, verse, or phrase supposed to be
endowed with magical power; an incantation; hence, any
charm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> Start not; her actions shall be holy as<BR>
You hear my <i>spell</i> is lawful.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spell</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spelled</u> (&?;) or <u>Spelt</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p.
pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Spelling</u>.] [OE. <i>spellen</i>,
<i>spellien</i>, tell, relate, AS. <i>spellian</i>, fr. <i>spell</i> a
saying, tale; akin to MHG. <i>spellen</i> to relate, Goth.
<i>spill&?;n</i>.e <u>Spell</u> a tale. In sense 4 and those
following, OE. <i>spellen</i>, perhaps originally a different word,
and from or influenced by <i>spell</i> a splinter, from the use of a
piece of wood to point to the letters in schools: cf. D.
<i>spellen</i> to spell.  Cf. <u>Spell</u> splinter.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To tell; to relate; to teach.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Might I that legend find,<BR>
By fairies <i>spelt</i> in mystic rhymes.</blockquote> <i>T.
Warton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put under the influence of a spell; to
affect by a spell; to bewitch; to fascinate; to charm.</def>
"<i>Spelled</i> with words of power."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He was much <i>spelled</i> with Eleanor
Talbot.</blockquote> <i>Sir G. Buck.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To constitute; to measure.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Saxon heptarchy, when seven kings put together did
<i>spell</i> but one in effect.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To tell or name in their proper order
letters of, as a word; to write or print in order the letters of, esp.
the proper letters; to form, as words, by correct
orthography.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The word "satire" ought to be <i>spelled</i> with
<i>i</i>, and not with <i>y</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To discover by characters or marks; to read
with difficulty; -- usually with <i>out</i>; as, to <i>spell</i> out
the sense of an author; to <i>spell</i> out a verse in the
Bible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>spell</i> out a God in the works of
creation.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To sit <i>spelling</i> and observing divine justice
upon every accident.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spell</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
form words with letters, esp. with the proper letters, either orally
or in writing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When what small knowledge was, in them did dwell,<BR>
And he a god, who could but read or <i>spell</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To study by noting characters; to gain
knowledge or learn the meaning of anything, by study.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Where I may sit and rightly <i>spell</i><BR>
Of every star that heaven doth shew,<BR>
And every herb that sips the dew.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spell"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being spelt.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spell"bound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bound by, or
as by, a spell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spell"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who spells.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A spelling book.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Spell"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding in
spells, or charms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here, while his eyes the learned leaves peruse,<BR>
Each <i>spellful</i> mystery explained he views.</blockquote>
<i>Hoole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spell"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of one who
spells; formation of words by letters; orthography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spell"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
spelling.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spelling bee</b></col>, <cd>a spelling match.</cd> [U.S.] -
- <col><b>Spelling book</b></col>, <cd>a book with exercises for
teaching children to spell; a speller.</cd> -- <col><b>Spelling
match</b></col>, <cd>a contest of skill in spelling words, between two
or more persons.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spell"ken</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A theater.</def>
[Slang]  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spell"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Power or effect
of magic; that which is wrought by magic; enchantment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like those Peri isles of light<BR>
That hang by <i>spellwork</i> in the air.</blockquote>
<i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spelt</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Spell</u>. Spelled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spelt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>spelt</i>, fr. L.
<i>spelta</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of grain (<i>Triticum
Spelta</i>) much cultivated for food in Germany and Switzerland; --
called also <i>German wheat</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spelt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Spalt</u>.]
<i>(Metal.)</i> <def>Spelter.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Spelt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos> [See <u>Spell</u> a
splinter.] <def>To split; to break; to spalt.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spel"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LG.
<i>spialter</i>, G. & D. <i>spiauter</i>.  Cf. <u>Pewter</u>.]
<i>(Metal.)</i> <def>Zinc; -- especially so called in commerce and
arts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spe*lunc"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spelunca</i>
cave.] <def>A cavern; a cave.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>despense</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;pense</i>, buffet, buttery, fr. OF. <i>despendre</i> to
spend, distribute, L. <i>dispendere</i>, <i>dispensum</i>. See
<u>Dispense</u>, <u>Spend</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place where
provisions are kept; a buttery; a larder; a pantry.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>In . . . his <i>spence</i>, or "pantry" were hung the
carcasses of a sheep or ewe, and two cows lately
slaughtered.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bluff Harry broke into the <i>spence</i>,<BR>
And turned the cowls adrift.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The inner apartment of a country house;
also, the place where the family sit and eat.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spen"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>despensier</i>.
See <u>Spence</u>, and cf. <u>Dispenser</u>.] <def>One who has the
care of the spence, or buttery.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Promptorium
Parvulorum.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spen"cer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the third Earl
<i>Spencer</i>, who first wore it, or brought it into fashion.] <def>A
short jacket worn by men and by women.</def>  <i>Ld. Lutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spen"cer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A fore-
and-aft sail, abaft the foremast or the mainmast, hoisted upon a small
supplementary mast and set with a gaff and no boom; a trysail carried
at the foremast or mainmast; -- named after its inventor, Knight
<i>Spencer</i>, of England [1802].</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spencer mast</b></col>, <cd>a small mast just abaft the
foremast or mainmast, for hoisting the spencer.</cd> <i>R. H. Dana,
Jr.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spend</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spent</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spending</u>.] [AS. <i>spendan</i> (in comp.), fr. L.
<i>expendere</i> or <i>dispendere</i> to weigh out, to expend,
dispense. See <u>Pendant</u>, and cf. <u>Dispend</u>, <u>Expend</u>,
<u>Spence</u>, <u>Spencer</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To weigh or
lay out; to dispose of; to part with; as, to <i>spend</i> money for
clothing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Spend</i> thou that in the town.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wherefore do ye <i>spend</i> money for that which is
not bread?</blockquote> <i>Isa. lv. 2.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1383 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bestow; to employ; -- often with
<i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I . . . am never loath<BR>
To <i>spend</i> my judgment.</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To consume; to waste; to squander; to
exhaust; as, to <i>spend</i> an estate in gaming or other
vices.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To pass, as time; to suffer to pass away;
as, to <i>spend</i> a day idly; to <i>spend</i> winter
abroad.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>spend</i> our years as a tale that is
told.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xc. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To exhaust of force or strength; to waste;
to wear away; as, the violence of the waves was
<i>spent</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their bodies <i>spent</i> with long labor and
thirst.</blockquote> <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spend</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To expend money or any other possession; to consume, use, waste,
or part with, anything; as, he who gets easily <i>spends</i>
freely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>spends</i> as a person who knows that he must
come to a reckoning.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To waste or wear away; to be consumed; to
lose force or strength; to vanish; as, energy <i>spends</i> in the
using of it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sound <i>spendeth</i> and is dissipated in the open
air.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be diffused; to spread.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The vines that they use for wine are so often cut, that
their sap <i>spendeth</i> into the grapes.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>To break ground; to
continue working.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spen"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who spends;
esp., one who spends lavishly; a prodigal; a spendthrift.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spend"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of expending;
expenditure.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spending money</b></col>, <cd>money set apart for extra
(not necessary) personal expenses; pocket money.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Spend"thrift`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
spends money profusely or improvidently; a prodigal; one who lavishes
or wastes his estate. Also used figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A woman who was a generous <i>spendthrift</i> of
life.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. R. H. Davis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spend"thrift</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Prodigal;
extravagant; wasteful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spend"thrift`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Spendthrift;
prodigal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Spen*se"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the English poet <i>Spenser</i>; -- specifically applied
to the stanza used in his poem "The Fa&euml;rie Queene."</def></p>

<p><hw>Spent</hw> (sp&ebreve;nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Exhausted; worn out; having lost energy or
motive force.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now thou seest me<BR>
<i>Spent</i>, overpowered, despairing of success.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Heaps of <i>spent</i> arrows fall and strew the
ground.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Exhausted of spawn or
sperm; -- said especially of fishes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spent ball</b></col>, <cd>a ball shot from a firearm, which
reaches an object without having sufficient force to penetrate
it.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sper</hw> (?), <hw>Sperre</hw>  }, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[See <u>Spar</u> bar.] <def>To shut in; to support; to inclose; to
fasten.</def> [Obs.] "To <i>sperre</i> the gate."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spe"ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spearabilis</i>, fr. <i>sperare</i> to hope.] <def>Within the range
of hpe; proper to be hoped for.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sper"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sperable</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Asperagus.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spe"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>speratus</i>, p.
p. of <i>sperare</i> to hope.] <def>Hoped for, or to be hoped
for.</def> [R.]  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spere</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [AS. <i>spyrian</i> to
inquire, properly, to follow the track; akin to D. <i>speuren</i>, G.
<i>sp&uuml;ren</i>, Icel. <i>spyrja</i>. &radic;171. See Spoor.]
<def>To search; to pry; to ask; to inquire.</def> [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
[Written also <i>speer</i>, <i>speir</i>.]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spere</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sphere</u>.] <def>A
sphere.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sperge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Distilling)</i>
<def>A charge of wash for the still.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sper"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sparling</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A smelt; a
sparling.</def> [Prov. Eng.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A young
herring.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sperm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[F. <i>sperme</i>, L.
<i>sperma</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;, from &?;&?;&?;&?; to sow.
Cf. <u>Spore</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The male fecundating fluid;
semen. See <u>Semen</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sperm cell</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>one of the
cells from which the spermatozoids are developed.</cd> --
<col><b>Sperm morula</b></col>. <i>(Biol.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Spermosphere</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sperm</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[Contr. fr. <i>spermaceti</i>.]
<def>Spermaceti.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sperm oil</b></col>, <cd>a fatty oil found as a liquid,
with spermaceti, in the head cavities of the sperm whale.</cd> --
<col><b>Sperm whale</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See in the
Vocabulary.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sper`ma*ce"ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sperma</i>
sperm + <i>cetus</i>,gen. <i>ceti</i>, any large sea animal, a whale,
Gr. &?;&?;&?;. See <u>Sperm</u>, <u>Cetaceous</u>.] <def>A white waxy
substance obtained from cavities in the head of the sperm whale, and
used making candles, oilments, cosmetics, etc. It consists essentially
of ethereal salts of palmitic acid with ethal and other hydrocarbon
bases.  The substance of spermaceti after the removal of certain
impurities is sometimes called <i>cetin</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spermaceti whale</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
sperm whale.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sper"mal*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>See <u>Spermist</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper"ma*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;
sperm + &?;&?;&?;&?; to bear.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>That part of the
ovary from which the ovules arise; the placenta.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper"ma*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>An organ in which spermatozoa are developed; a sperm gland; a
testicle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sper`ma*the"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spermathec&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., from Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;
seed + &?;&?;&?;&?; case, or receptacle.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
small sac connected with the female reproductive organs of insects and
many other invertebrates, serving to receive and retain the
spermatozoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spermaticus</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;: cf. F. <i>spermatique</i>. See
<u>Sperm</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to semen; as,
the <i>spermatic</i> fluid, the <i>spermatic</i> vessels,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spermatic cord</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the cord which
suspends the testicle within the scrotum. It is made up of a
connective tissue sheath inclosing the spermatic duct and accompanying
vessels and nerves.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sper"mat"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Spermatic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper"ma*tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>A substance allied to alkali albumin and to mucin,
present in semen, to which it is said to impart the mucilaginous
character.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper"ma*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>The emission of sperm, or semen.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sper*ma"ti*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spermatia</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the
motionless spermatozoids in the conceptacles of certain fungi.</def>
<i>J. H. Balfour.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sper"ma*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;.
See <u>Sperm</u>.] <def>To yield seed; to emit seed, or sperm.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sper"ma*to-</hw> (?), <hw>Sper"mo-</hw> (?) }. <def>Combining
forms from Gr. <grk>spe`rma</grk>, <grk>-atos</grk>, <i>seed</i>,
<i>sperm</i>, <i>semen</i> (of plants or animals); as,
<i>spermato</i>blast, <i>spermo</i>blast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper"ma*to*blast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Spermoblast</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper"ma*to*cyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spermato-
</i> + Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; a hollow vessel.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Spermoblast</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper`ma*to*gem"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Spermato-</u>, and <u>Gemma</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Spermosphere</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper`ma*to*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Spermato-</i> + <i>genesis</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The
development of the spermatozoids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper`ma*to*ge*net"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Relating to, or connected with,
spermatogenesis; as, <i>spermatogenetic</i> function.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper`ma*tog"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Spermato-
</i> + <i>-genous</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Sperm-
producing.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sper`ma*to*go"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;, sperm + &?;&?;&?; offspring.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A primitive seminal cell, occuring in masses in
the seminal tubules. It divides into a mass (spermosphere) of small
cells (spermoblast), which in turn give rise to
spermatozoids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper"ma*toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Spermato-</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Spermlike; resembling sperm, or
semen.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sper`ma*to"&ouml;n</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spermatoa</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>spe`rma</grk>,
<grk>-atos</grk>, seed + &?;&?;&?; an egg.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A
spermoblast.</def> -- <wf>Sper`ma*to"al</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sper"ma*to*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spermato-
</i> + Gr. &?;&?;&?; to bear.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Spermospore</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A capsule or pocket
inclosing a number of spermatozoa. They are present in many annelids,
brachiopods, mollusks, and crustaceans. In cephalopods the structure
of the capsule is very complex.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper`ma*toph"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Producing seed, or sperm; seminiferous; as, the
so-called <i>spermatophorous</i> cells.</def></p>

<p>{<hw>Sper`ma*tor*rhe"a</hw>, <hw>Sper`ma*tor*rh&oelig;"a</hw>,
(&?;) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>spe`rma</grk>, <grk>-
atos</grk>, seed + &?;&?;&?; to flow.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Abnormally
frequent involuntary emission of the semen without
copulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper"ma*to*spore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Spermospore</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper`ma*to*zo"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Spermatozo&ouml;n</i> + Gr. &?;&?;&?; form.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>The male germ cell in animals and plants, the essential element
in fertilization; a microscopic animalcule-like particle, usually
provided with one or more cilia by which it is capable of active
motion. In animals, the familiar type is that of a small, more or less
ovoid head, with a delicate threadlike cilium, or tail. Called also
<i>spermatozo&ouml;n</i>. In plants the more usual term is
<i>antherozoid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper`ma*to*zo"oid</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>A spermatozoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sper`ma*to*zo"&ouml;n</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Spermatozoa</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;,
sperm + &?;&?;&?; an animal.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Spermatozoid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to sperm, or semen.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sper*mid"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spermidia</b></plw> (#). [Nl., fr. Gr. <grk>spe`rma</grk>
seed.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An achenium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sperm"ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A
believer in the doctrine, formerly current, of encasement in the male
(see <u>Encasement</u>), in which the seminal thread, or spermatozoid,
was considered as the real animal germ, the head being the true animal
head and the tail the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper"mo*blast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spermo-</i> +
<i>-blast</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>One of the cells formed by the
division of the spermospore, each of which is destined to become a
spermatozoid; a spermatocyte; a spermatoblast.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sper`mo*coc"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Spermo-</u>, and <u>Coccus</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The nucleus
of the sperm cell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper"mo*derm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spermo-</i> +
<i>derm</i>: cf. F. <i>spermoderme</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
covering of a seed; -- sometimes limited to the outer coat or
testa.</def>  <i>Lindley.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sper`mo*go"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.;
<i>spermo-</i> + Gr. &?;&?;&?; offspring.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
conceptacle of certain lichens, which contains spermatia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper*mol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; picking up seeds; <grk>spe`rma</grk> sperm, seed +
&?;&?;&?;&?; to gather.] <def>One who treats of, or collects,
seeds.</def>  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sper"mo*phile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>spe`rma</grk> a seed + <grk>fi`los</grk> loving, fond.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any ground squirrel of the genus
<i>Spermophilus</i>; a gopher. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Gopher</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper"mo*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A spermatophore.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sper*moph"y*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Nl., from
Gr. <grk>spe`rma</grk> a seed + <grk>fyto`n</grk> a plant.]
<def>Plants which produce seed; ph&aelig;nogamia. These plants
constitute the highest grand division of the vegetable
kingdom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper"mo*phyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any plant which produces true seeds; -- a term recently proposed
to replace <i>ph&aelig;nogam</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper`mo*phyt"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Capable of producing seeds; ph&aelig;nogamic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sper`mo*plas"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Spermo-</u>, and <u>Plasma</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The
protoplasm of the sperm cell.</def>  <i>Haeckel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sper"mo*sphere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spermo-</i> +
<i>sphere</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A mass or ball of cells formed
by the repeated division of a male germinal cell (spermospore), each
constituent cell (spermoblast) of which is converted into a
spermatozoid; a spermatogemma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper"mo*spore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spermo-</i> +
<i>spore</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The male germinal or seminal
cell, from the breaking up of which the spermoblasts are formed and
ultimately the spermatozoids; a spermatospore.</def>
<i>Balfour.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sper"mule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. fr.
<i>sperm</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A sperm cell.</def>
<i>Haeckel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sperm" whale`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A very large
toothed whale (<i>Physeter macrocephalus</i>), having a head of
enormous size. The upper jaw is destitute of teeth. In the upper part
of the head, above the skull, there is a large cavity, or case, filled
with oil and spermaceti. This whale sometimes grows to the length of
more than eighty feet. It is found in the warmer parts of all the
oceans. Called also <i>cachalot</i>, and <i>spermaceti
whale</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pygmy sperm whale</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
small whale (<i>Kogia breviceps</i>), seldom twenty feet long, native
of tropical seas, but occasionally found on the American coast. Called
also <i>snub-nosed cachalot</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sperm-whale
porpoise</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a toothed cetacean
(<i>Hypero&ouml;don bidens</i>), found on both sides of the Atlantic
and valued for its oil. The adult becomes about twenty-five feet long,
and its head is very large and thick. Called also <i>bottle-nosed
whale</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sper"ry*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[Named after F. L.
<i>Sperry</i>, who discovered it.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An arsenide of
platinum occuring in grains and minute isometric crystals of tin-white
color. It is found near Sudbury, Ontario Canada, and is the only known
compound of platinum occuring in nature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sperse</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
disperse.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spes"sart*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[From
<i>Spessart</i>, in Germany.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A manganesian variety
of garnet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spet</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sp&?;tan</i>.
See <u>Spit</u>.] <def>To spit; to throw out.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spet</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Spittle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spetch"es</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Parings and
refuse of hides, skins, etc., from which glue is made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spew</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spewed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr.& vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spewing</u>.] [OE. <i>spewen</i>, <i>speowen</i>, AS.
<i>sp&imacr;wan</i>;n to D. <i>spuwen</i> to spit. OS & OHG.
<i>sp&imacr;wan</i>, G. <i>speien</i>, Icel. <i>sp&?;ja</i> to spew,
Sw. <i>spy</i>, Dan. <i>spye</i>, Goth. <i>spiewan</i>, th.
<i>spjauti</i>, L. <i>spuere</i> to split, Gr. &?;&?;&?;, Skr.
<i>shtiv</i>, <i>shth&imacr;v</i>.  Cf. <u>Pyke</u>, <u>Spit</u>.]
[Written also <i>spue</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To eject from the
stomach; to vomit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cast forth with abhorrence or disgust;
to eject.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Because thou art lukewarm, and neither hot nor cold, I
will <i>spew</i> thee out of my mouth.</blockquote> <i>Rev. ii.
16.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spew</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
vomit.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To eject seed, as wet land swollen with
frost.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spew</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is vomited;
vomit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spew"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
spews.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spew"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being spewy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spew"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wet; soggy; inclined
to spew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphac"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;: cf. F.
<i>sphac&egrave;le</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Gangrene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphac"e*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sphacelated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sphacelating</u>.] [NL. <i>sphacelare</i>,
<i>sphacelatum</i>, mortify: cf. F. <i>sphac&eacute;ler</i>. See
<u>Sphacelus</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To die, decay, or become
gangrenous, as flesh or bone; to mortify.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphac"e*late</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>To affect with gangrene.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sphac"e*late</hw> (?), <hw>Sphac"e*la`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Affected with gangrene;
mortified.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1384 !></p>

<p><hw>Sphac`e*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The process of becoming or making gangrenous;
mortification.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sphac"e*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Gangrenous part; gangrene;
slough.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sph&aelig;*ren"chy*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?; sphere + <i>-enchyma</i> as in <i>parenchima</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Vegetable tissue composed of thin-walled rounded
cells, -- a modification of parenchyma.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sph&aelig;*rid"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Sph&aelig;ridia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?; a sphere.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A peculiar sense organ
found upon the exterior of most kinds of sea urchins, and consisting
of an oval or sherical head surmounting a short pedicel. It is
generally supposed to be an olfactory organ.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sph&aelig;"ro*spore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; sphere + E. <i>spore</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the
nonsexual spores found in red alg&aelig;; a tetraspore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sph&aelig;r"u*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Spherulite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphag*nic"o*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Sphagnum</i> + L. <i>colere</i> to inhabit.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Growing in moss of the genus <i>Sphagnum</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphag"nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to moss of the genus <i>Sphagnum</i>, or bog moss;
abounding in peat or bog moss.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sphag"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr/ Gr.
&?;&?;&?; a kind of moss.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of mosses having
white leaves slightly tinged with red or green and found growing in
marshy places; bog moss; peat moss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphal"er*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
slippery, uncertain. See <u>Blende</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Zinc
sulphide; -- called also <i>blende</i>, <i>black-jack</i>, <i>false
galena</i>, etc. See <u>Blende</u> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sph&egrave;ne</i>,
fr. Gr. <grk>sfh`n</grk> a wedge.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral found
usually in thin, wedge-shaped crystals of a yellow or green to black
color. It is a silicate of titanium and calcium; titanite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe*neth"moid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sphen</i>oid
+ <i>ethmoid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to both the
sphenoidal and the ethmoidal regions of the skull, or the sphenethmoid
bone; sphenethmoidal.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sphenethmoid bone</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a bone of
the skull which surrounds the anterior end of the brain in many
amphibia; the girdle bone.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sphe*neth"moid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The sphenethmoid bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe`neth*moid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Relating to the sphenoethmoid bone; sphenoethmoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe*nis"can</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of penguin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe"no-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form used in anatomy to
indicate <i>connection with</i>, or <i>relation to</i>, <i>the
sphenoid bone</i>; as in <i>spheno</i>maxillary,
<i>spheno</i>palatine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe"no*don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sfh`n</grk> a wedge + &?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;, a tooth.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Hatteria</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe"no*eth*moid`al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Sphenethmoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe"no*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sfh`n</grk> a wedge + <i>-gram</i>.] <def>A cuneiform, or arrow-
headed, character.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe*nog"ra*pher</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One skilled in
sphenography; a sphenographist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe`no*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to sphenography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe*nog"ra*phist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sphenographer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe*nog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sfh`n</grk> a wedge + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>The art of writing in
cuneiform characters, or of deciphering inscriptions made in such
characters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe"noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;;
<grk>sfh`n</grk> a wedge + <grk>e'i^dos</grk> form: cf. F.
<i>sph&eacute;no&iuml;de</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wedge-shaped;
as, a <i>sphenoid</i> crystal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
sphenoid bone.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sphenoid bone</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>an irregularly
shaped bone in front of the occipital in the base of the skull of the
higher vertebrates. It is composed of several fetal bones which become
united the adult. See <u>Alisphenoid</u>, <u>Basisphenoid</u>,
<u>Orbitosphenoid</u>, <u>Presphenoid</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sphe"noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A wedge-shaped crystal bounded by four equal
isosceles triangles. It is the hemihedral form of a square
pyramid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The sphenoid bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe*noid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sphenoid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Crystalloq.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
resembling, a sphenoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe*not"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Spheno-</i> +
&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;, the ear.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to,
or designating, the sphenotic bone.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sphenotic bone</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a bone on the
anterior side of the auditory capsule of many fishes, and connected
with, or adjoining, the sphenoid bone.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sphe*not"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
sphenotic bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spher"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to a sphere or the spheres.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rounded like a sphere; sphere-shaped;
hence, symmetrical; complete; perfect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>spere</i>, OF.
<i>espere</i>, F. <i>sph&egrave;re</i>, L. <i>sphaera</i>,. Gr.
&?;&?;&?; a sphere, a ball.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A
body or space contained under a single surface, which in every part is
equally distant from a point within called its
<i>center</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, any globe or globular body,
especially a celestial one, as the sun, a planet, or the
earth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of celestial bodies, first the sun,<BR>
A mighty <i>sphere</i>, he framed.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
apparent surface of the heavens, which is assumed to be spherical and
everywhere equally distant, in which the heavenly bodies appear to
have their places, and on which the various astronomical circles, as
of right ascension and declination, the equator, ecliptic, etc., are
conceived to be drawn; an ideal geometrical sphere, with the
astronomical and geographical circles in their proper positions on
it.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In ancient astronomy, one of the
concentric and eccentric revolving spherical transparent shells in
which the stars, sun, planets, and moon were supposed to be set, and
by which they were carried, in such a manner as to produce their
apparent motions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>The extension of a general
conception, or the totality of the individuals or species to which it
may be applied.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Circuit or range of action, knowledge, or
influence; compass; province; employment; place of
existence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To be called into a huge <i>sphere</i>, and not to be
seen to move in 't.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Taking her out of the ordinary relations with humanity,
and inclosing her in a <i>sphere</i> by herself.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Each in his hidden <i>sphere</i> of joy or woe<BR>
Our hermit spirits dwell.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Rank; order of society; social
positions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>An orbit, as of a star; a socket.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Armillary sphere</b></col>, <col><b>Crystalline
sphere</b></col>, <col><b>Oblique sphere</b></col>,. <cd>See under
<u>Armillary</u>, <u>Crystalline</u>,.</cd> -- <col><b>Doctrine of the
sphere</b></col>, <cd>applications of the principles of spherical
trigonometry to the properties and relations of the circles of the
sphere, and the problems connected with them, in astronomy and
geography, as to the latitudes and longitudes, distance and bearing,
of places on the earth, and the right ascension and declination,
altitude and azimuth, rising and setting, etc., of the heavenly
bodies; spherical geometry.</cd> -- <col><b>Music of the
spheres</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Music</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Globe; orb; circle. See <u>Globe</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sphere</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sphered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sphering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To place in a sphere, or
among the spheres; to insphere.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The glorious planet Sol<BR>
In noble eminence enthroned and <i>sphered</i><BR>
Amidst the other.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form into roundness; to make spherical,
or spheral; to perfect.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spher"ic*al</hw> (?), <hw>Spher"ic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sphaericus</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;: cf. F.
<i>sph&eacute;rique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the form of a
sphere; like a sphere; globular; orbicular; as, a <i>spherical</i>
body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a sphere.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the heavenly orbs, or
to the sphere or spheres in which, according to ancient astronomy and
astrology, they were set.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Knaves, thieves, and treachers by <i>spherical</i>
predominance.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Though the stars were suns, and overburned<BR>
Their <i>spheric</i> limitations.</blockquote> <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Spherical angle</b></col>, <col><b>Spherical
co&ouml;rdinate</b></col>, <col><b>Spherical excess</b></col>,
<cd>etc. See under <u>Angle</u>, <u>Coordinate</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Spherical geometry</b></col>, <cd>that branch of geometry
which treats of spherical magnitudes; the doctrine of the sphere,
especially of the circles described on its surface.</cd> --
<col><b>Spherical harmonic analysis</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Harmonic</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Spherical
lune</b></col>,<cd>portion of the surface of a sphere included between
two great semicircles having a common diameter.</cd> --
<col><b>Spherical opening</b></col>, <cd>the magnitude of a solid
angle. It is measured by the portion within the solid angle of the
surface of any sphere whose center is the angular point.</cd> --
<col><b>Spherical polygon</b></col>,<cd>portion of the surface of a
sphere bounded by the arcs of three or more great circles.</cd> --
<col><b>Spherical projection</b></col>, <cd>the projection of the
circles of the sphere upon a plane. See <u>Projection</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Spherical sector</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Sector</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Spherical segment</b></col>, <cd>the segment of a sphere.
See under <u>Segment</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spherical
triangle</b></col>,<cd>re on the surface of a sphere, bounded by the
arcs of three great circles which intersect each other.</cd> --
<col><b>Spherical trigonometry</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Trigonometry</u>.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Spher"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Spher"ic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sphe*ric"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sph&eacute;ricit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
spherial; roundness; as, the <i>sphericity</i> of the planets, or of a
drop of water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spher"i*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small
sphere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spher"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>The doctrine of the sphere; the science of the properties and
relations of the circles, figures, and other magnitudes of a sphere,
produced by planes intersecting it; spherical geometry and
trigonometry.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sphe`ro*bac*te"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Spherobacterium</b></singw> (&?;). [NL. See <u>Sphere</u>,
<u>and Bacterium</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>See the Note under
<u>Microbacteria</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe`ro*con"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>A nonplane curve formed by the intersection of the surface of an
oblique cone with the surface of a sphere whose center is at the
vertex of the cone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spher"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sphere</i> +
<i>-graph</i>.] <def>An instrument for facilitating the practical use
of spherics in navigation and astronomy, being constructed of two
cardboards containing various circles, and turning upon each other in
such a manner that any possible spherical triangle may be readily
found, and the measures of the parts read off by inspection.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe"roid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spheroides</i>
ball-like, spherical, Gr. &?;&?;&?;; &?;&?;&?;&?; sphere + &?;&?;&?;
form: cf. F. <i>sph&eacute;ro&iuml;de</i>.] <def>A body or figure
approaching to a sphere, but not perfectly spherical; esp., a solid
generated by the revolution of an ellipse about one of its
axes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Oblate spheroid</b></col>, <col><b>Prolate
spheroid</b></col>.  <cd>See <u>Oblate</u>, <u>Prolate</u>, and
<u>Ellipsoid</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sphe*roid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sph&eacute;ro&iuml;dal</i>.] <def>Having the form of a
spheroid.</def> -- <wf>Sphe*roid"al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Spheroidal state</b></col> <i>(Physics.)</i>, <cd>the state
of a liquid, as water, when, on being thrown on a surface of highly
heated metal, it rolls about in spheroidal drops or masses, at a
temperature several degrees below ebullition, and without actual
contact with the heated surface, -- a phenomenon due to the repulsive
force of heat, the intervention of a cushion of nonconducting vapor,
and the cooling effect of evaporation.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sphe*roid"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sphe*roid"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Spheroidal</u>.</def>
<i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sphe`roi*dic"i*ty</hw> (?), <hw>Sphe*roid"i*ty</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of being
spheroidal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe"ro*mere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sphere</i> +
<i>-mere</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of the several
symmetrical segments arranged around the central axis and composing
the body of a radiate anmal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe*rom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sphere</i> +
<i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>sph&eacute;rom&egrave;tre</i>.]
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for measuring the curvature of
spherical surface, as of lenses for telescope, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spher`o*sid"er*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Sphere</i> + <i>siderite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Siderite
occuring in spheroidal masses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe"ro*some</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sphere</i> +
<i>-some</i> body.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The body wall of any
radiate animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spher"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered or set
with spherules; having one or more rows of spherules, or minute
tubercles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spher"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spherula</i>:
cf. F. <i>sph&eacute;rule</i>.] <def>A little sphere or spherical
body; as, quicksilver, when poured upon a plane, divides itself into a
great number of minute <i>spherules</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spher"u*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.  F.
<i>sph&eacute;rulite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A minute spherical
crystalline body having a radiated structure, observed in some
vitreous volcanic rocks, as obsidian and pearlstone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spher`u*lit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a spherulite; characterized by the presence of
spherulites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spher"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Round; spherical; starlike.</def> [R.] "Hermia's <i>sphery</i>
eyne."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the spheres.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She can teach ye how to climb<BR>
Higher than the <i>sphery</i> chime.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sphex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[NL., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;,
&?;&?;&?;, a wasp.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of sand wasps of the genus <i>Sphex</i> and allied genera.
These wasps have the abdomen attached to the thorax by a slender
pedicel. See <i>Illust.</i> of <i>Sand wasp</i>, under
<u>Sand</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sphex fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
numerous species of small dipterous flies of the genus <i>Conops</i>
and allied genera. The form of the body is similar to that of a
sphex.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sphig*mom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sphygmometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphinc"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. &?;&?;&?;
to bind tight.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A muscle which surrounds, and by
its contraction tends to close, a natural opening; as, the
<i>sphincter</i> of the bladder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphinc"ter</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or designating, a sphincter; as, a <i>sphincter</i>
muscle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphin"gid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A sphinx.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphin"gid</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
sphinx, or the family <i>Sphingid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphinx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from Gr.
<grk>sfi`gx</grk>, usually derived from <grk>sfi`ggein</grk> to bind
tight or together, as if the Throttler.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>In Egyptian art, an image of granite or
porphyry, having a human head, or the head of a ram or of a hawk, upon
the wingless body of a lion.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>The awful ruins of the days of old . . .<BR>
Or jasper tomb, or mutilated <i>sphinx</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>On Greek art and mythology, a she-monster,
usually represented as having the winged body of a lion, and the face
and breast of a young woman.</def> The most famous Grecian sphinx,
that of Thebes in B&oelig;otia, is said to have proposed a riddle to
the Thebans, and killed those who were unable to guess it. The enigma
was solved by &OElig;dipus, whereupon the sphinx slew herself. "Subtle
as <i>sphinx</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: A person of enigmatical character
and purposes, especially in politics and diplomacy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of large moths of the family <i>Sphingid&aelig;</i>; -- called
also <i>hawk moth</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The larva is a stout naked caterpillar which, when at rest,
often assumes a position suggesting the Egyptian sphinx, whence the
name.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Guinea, or sphinx,
baboon (<i>Cynocephalus sphinx</i>).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sphinx baboon</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large
West African baboon (<i>Cynocephalus sphinx</i>), often kept in
menageries.</cd> -- <col><b>Sphinx moth</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>Same as <u>Sphinx</u>, 3.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sphrag"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[L. <i>sphragis</i>,
<i>-idis</i>, Lemnian earth, fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;, a seal; --
so called because sold in sealed packets.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Lemnian
earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphra*gis"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;
of or for sealing, fr. &?;&?;&?; a seal.] <def>The science of seals,
their history, age, distinctions, etc., esp. as verifying the age and
genuiness of documents.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sphri*go"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?; to be full of strength.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A condition of
vegetation in which there is too abundant growth of the stem and
leaves, accompanied by deficiency of flowers and fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphyg"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; the
pulse.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
pulse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphyg"mo*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;
pulse + <i>-gram</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A tracing, called a
pulse tracing, consisting of a series of curves corresponding with the
beats of the heart, obtained by the application of the
sphygmograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphyg"mo*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
the pulse + <i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An instrument
which, when applied over an artery, indicates graphically the
movements or character of the pulse. See <u>Sphygmogram</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphyg`mo*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Phusiol.)</i> <def>Relating to, or produced by, a sphygmograph;
as, a <i>sphygmographic</i> tracing.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1385 !></p>

<p><hw>Sphyg*mom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; pulse + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An
instrument for measuring the strength of the pulse beat; a
sphygmograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphyg"mo*phone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
the pulse + &?;&?;&?; sound.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An electrical
instrument for determining by the ear the rhythm of the pulse of a
person at a distance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphyg"mo*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
the pulse + <i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Sphygmograph</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphy*r&aelig;"noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L.
<i>sphyraena</i> a kind of sea fish (Gr. <grk>sfy`raina</grk>) + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
<i>Sphyr&aelig;nid&aelig;</i>, a family of marine fishes including the
barracudas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A spy; a
scout.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Spi"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spic&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., an ear, as of corn.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A kind of bandage passing, by
successive turns and crosses, from an extremity to the trunk; -- so
called from its resemblance to a spike of a barley.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A star of the first
magnitude situated in the constellation Virgo.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spi"cate</hw> (?), <hw>Spi"ca*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>spicatus</i>, p. p. of <i>spicare</i>
furnish with spikes, or ears, fr. <i>spica</i> a spike, or ear.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the form of a spike, or ear; arranged in a
spike or spikes.</def>  <i>Lee.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Spic*ca"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It., p. p. of
<i>spicare</i> to detach, to separate.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Detached;
separated; -- a term indicating that every note is to be performed in
a distinct and pointed manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>spice</i>,
<i>spece</i>, spice, species, OF. <i>espice</i>, <i>espece</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;pice</i> spice, <i>esp&egrave;ce</i> species, fr. L.
<i>species</i> particular sort or kind, a species, a sight,
appearance, show, LL., spices, drugs, etc., of the same sort, fr. L.
<i>specere</i> to look. See <u>Spy</u>, and cf. <u>Species</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Species; kind.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>spices</i> of penance ben three.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Abstain you from all evil <i>spice</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Wyclif (1. Thess,v. 22).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Justice, although it be but one entire virtue, yet is
described in two kinds of <i>spices</i>. The one is named justice
distributive, the other is called commutative.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
Elyot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vegetable production of many kinds,
fragrant or aromatic and pungent to the taste, as pepper, cinnamon,
nutmeg, mace, allspice, ginger, cloves, etc., which are used in
cookery and to flavor sauces, pickles, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hast thou aught in thy purse [bag] any hot
<i>spices</i>?</blockquote> <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively, that which enriches or alters
the quality of a thing in a small degree, as spice alters the taste of
food; that which gives zest or pungency; a slight flavoring; a relish;
hence, a small quantity or admixture; a sprinkling; as, a <i>spice</i>
of mischief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So much of the will, with a <i>spice</i> of the
willful.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spice</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spiced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spicing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To season with spice, or
as with spice; to mix aromatic or pungent substances with; to flavor;
to season; as, to <i>spice</i> wine; to <i>spice</i> one's words with
wit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She 'll receive thee, but will <i>spice</i> thy
bread<BR>
With flowery poisons.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fill or impregnate with the odor of
spices.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the <i>spiced</i> Indian air, by night.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To render nice or dainty; hence, to render
scrupulous.</def> [Obs.] "A <i>spiced</i> conscience."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spice"bush`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Spicewood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spice"nut`</hw> (?). <def>A small crisp cake, highly
spiced.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>espicier</i>, F. <i>&eacute;picier</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who seasons with spice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who deals in spice.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spi"cer*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>espicerie</i>,
F. <i>&eacute;picerie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Spices, in
general.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A repository of spices.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spice"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An American shrub (<i>Lindera Benzoin</i>), the bark of which has
a spicy taste and odor; -- called also <i>Benjamin</i>, <i>wild
allspice</i>, and <i>fever bush</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi*cif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spicifer</i> bearing spikes, or ears; <i>spica</i> ear +
<i>ferre</i> to bear.] <def>Bearing ears, or spikes; spicate.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spi"ci*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>spica</i> a
spike, ear + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Spike-shaped.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spi"ci*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a spicy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi"ci*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being spicy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spick</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sw. <i>spik</i>. See
<u>Spike</u> a nail.] <def>A spike or nail.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Spick and span</b></col>, <cd>quite new; that is, as new as
a spike or nail just made and a chip just split; brand-new; as, a
<i>spick and span</i> novelty. See <u>Span-new</u>.</cd>
  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spick"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. from <i>spike
nail</i> a large, long nail; -- so called in allusion to the shape of
its capillary leaves.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An umbelliferous herb
(<i>Meum Athamanticum</i>) having finely divided leaves, common in
Europe; -- called also <i>baldmoney</i>, <i>mew</i>, and
<i>bearwort</i>.</def> [Written also <i>spignel</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Spi*cose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>spica</i> a
spike, or ear.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having spikes, or ears, like corn
spikes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi*cos"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
having, or being full of, ears like corn.</def> [R.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spi"cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Spicose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spic"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spicul&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., dim. of L. <i>spica</i> a
spike, ear.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A little spike; a
spikelet.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A pointed fleshy
appendage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>spiculum</i> a
dart: cf. F. <i>spiculaire</i>.] <def>Resembling a dart; having sharp
points.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spic"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spiculatus</i>, p. p. of <i>spiculare</i> to sharpen, to point, fr.
<i>spiculum</i> a dart.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Covered with, or
having, spicules.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Covered with minute
spicul&aelig;, or pointed fleshy appendages; divided into small
spikelets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spic"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sharpen
to a point.</def> [R.] "With <i>spiculated</i> paling."
<i>Mason.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spic"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spiculum</i> a
little point, a dart.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A minute, slender
granule, or point.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Spicula</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any small calcareous or
siliceous body found in the tissues of various invertebrate animals,
especially in sponges and in most Alcyonaria.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Spicules vary exceedingly in size and shape, and some of
those found in siliceous sponges are very complex in structure and
elegant in form. They are of great use in classification.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Description of the
Illustration</i>:</blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>a</i> Acerate; <i>b</i> Tricurvate, <i>or</i>
Bowshaped; <i>c d</i> Hamate; <i>e</i> Broomshaped; <i>f</i>
Scepterellate; <i>g</i> Spinispirulate; <i>h</i> Inequi-anchorate;
<i>i</i> Sexradiate; <i>j</i> A Trichite Sheaf; <i>k</i> Six-rayed
Capitate; <i>l</i> Rosette of <i>Esperia</i>; <i>m</i> Equi-
anchorate.</blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Spi*cu"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the shape of a spicule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spic`u*lig"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spiculum + -genous</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Producing or
containing spicules.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spic`u*li*spon"gi*&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of sponges including those
which have independent siliceous spicules.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spic"u*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spicula</b></plw> (#). [L., a little point.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Spicule</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi"cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Spicier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Spiciest</u>.] [From <u>Spice</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Flavored with, or containing, spice or spices;
fragrant; aromatic; as, <i>spicy</i> breezes.</def> "The <i>spicy</i>
nut-brown ale."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Led by new stars, and borne by <i>spicy</i>
gales.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Producing, or abounding with,
spices.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In hot Ceylon <i>spicy</i> forests grew.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Piquant; racy; as, a <i>spicy</i>
debate.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Aromatic; fragrant; smart; pungent; pointed; keen.
See <u>Racy</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Spi"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[OE. <i>spi&thorn;re</i>,
fr. AS. <i>spinnan</i> to spin; -- so named from spinning its web; cf.
D. <i>spin</i> a spider, G. <i>spinne</i>, Sw. <i>spindel</i>. Seee
<u>Spin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
numerous species of arachnids comprising the order Araneina. Spiders
have the mandibles converted into poison fangs, or falcers. The
abdomen is large and not segmented, with two or three pairs of
spinnerets near the end, by means of which they spin threads of silk
to form cocoons, or nests, to protect their eggs and young. Many
species spin also complex webs to entrap the insects upon which they
prey. The eyes are usually eight in number (rarely six), and are
situated on the back of the cephalothorax. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Araneina</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Spiders are divided into two principal groups: the
Dipneumona, having two lungs: and the Tetrapneumona, having four
lungs. See <u>Mygale</u>. The former group includes several tribes;
as, the jumping spiders (see <u>Saltigrad&aelig;</u>), the wolf
spiders, or <i>Citigrad&aelig;</i> (see under <u>Wolf</u>), the crab
spiders, or <i>Laterigrad&aelig;</i> (see under <u>Crab</u>), the
garden, or geometric, spiders, or <i>Orbitell&aelig;</i> (see under
<u>Geometrical</u>, and <u>Garden</u>), and others. See <i>Bird
spider</i>, under <u>Bird</u>, <i>Grass spider</i>, under
<u>Grass</u>, <i>House spider</i>, under <u>House</u>, <i>Silk
spider</i>, under <u>Silk</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of various
other arachnids resembling the true spiders, especially certain mites,
as the red spider (see under <u>Red</u>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An iron pan with a long handle, used as a
kitchen utensil in frying food. Originally, it had long legs, and was
used over coals on the hearth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A trevet to support pans or pots over a
fire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A skeleton, or frame, having
radiating arms or members, often connected by crosspieces; as, a
casting forming the hub and spokes to which the rim of a fly wheel or
large gear is bolted; the body of a piston head; a frame for
strengthening a core or mold for a casting, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spider ant</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as
<i>Solitary ant</i>, under <u>Solitary</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spider
crab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species of
maioid crabs having a more or less triangular body and ten long legs.
Some of the species grow to great size, as the great Japanese spider
crab (<i>Macrocheira Kempferi</i>), measuring sometimes more than
fifteen feet across the legs when they are extended.</cd> --
<col><b>Spider fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
numerous species of parasitic dipterous insects of the family
<i>Hippoboscid&aelig;</i>. They are mostly destitute of wings, and
live among the feathers of birds and the hair of bats. Called also
<i>bird tick</i>, and <i>bat tick</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spider
hunter</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species
of East Indian sunbirds of the genus <i>Arachnothera</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Spider lines</b></col>, <cd>filaments of a spider's web
crossing the field of vision in optical instruments; -- used for
determining the exact position of objects and making delicate
measurements. Fine wires, silk fibers, or lines on glass similarly
placed, are called <i>spider lines</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spider
mite</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any one of
several species of parasitic mites of the genus <i>Argas</i> and
allied genera. See <u>Argas</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Any one
of numerous small mites injurious to plants.</cd> -- <col><b>Spider
monkey</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species
of South American monkeys of the genus <i>Ateles</i>, having very long
legs and a long prehensile tail.</cd> -- <col><b>Spider
orchis</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a European orchidaceous plant
(<i>Ophrys aranifera</i>), having flowers which resemble spiders.</cd>
-- <col><b>Spider shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any shell
of the genus <i>Pteroceras</i>. See <u>Pteroceras</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spi"dered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Infested by
spiders; cobwebbed.</def>  <i>Wolcott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spi"der*like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
spider.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spi"der web"</hw> (?), or <hw>Spi"der's web"</hw>  }.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The silken web which is formed by most kinds
of spiders, particularly the web spun to entrap their prey. See
<i>Geometric spider</i>, <i>Triangle spider</i>, under
<u>Geometric</u>, and <u>Triangle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi"der*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An American endogenous plant (<i>Tradescantia Virginica</i>),
with long linear leaves and ephemeral blue flowers. The name is
sometimes extended to other species of the same genus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spied</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Spy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spie"gel*ei`sen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>spiegel</i> mirror + <i>eisen</i> iron.] <def>See <u>Spiegel
iron</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spie"gel i`ron</hw> (?). [G. <i>spiegel</i> mirror + E.
<i>iron</i>.] <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A fusible white cast iron
containing a large amount of carbon (from three and a half to six per
cent) and some manganese. When the manganese reaches twenty-five per
cent and upwards it has a granular structure, and constitutes the
alloy <i>ferro manganese</i>, largely used in the manufacture of
Bessemer steel. Called also <i>specular pig iron</i>, <i>spiegel</i>,
and <i>spiegeleisen</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spight</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. & v.</i></pos> <def>Spite.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spight</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woodpecker. See
<u>Speight</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spig"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Spickenel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spig"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr.
<i>spikenard</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An aromatic plant of America.
See <u>Spikenard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spig"ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>spick</i>,or
<i>spike</i>; cf. Ir. & Gael. <i>spiocaid</i> a spigot, Ir.
<i>spice</i> a spike. See <u>Spike</u>.] <def>A pin or peg used to
stop the vent in a cask; also, the plug of a faucet or cock.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spigot and faucet joint</b></col>, <cd>a joint for uniting
pipes, formed by the insertion of the end of one pipe, or pipe
fitting, into a socket at the end of another.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spi*gur"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>
<def>Formerly the title of the sealer of writs in chancery.</def>
<i>Mozley & W.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spike</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to LG.
<i>spiker</i>, <i>spieker</i>, a large nail, D. <i>spijker</i>, Sw.
<i>spik</i>, Dan. <i>spiger</i>, Icel. <i>sp&imacr;k</i>; all perhaps
from L. <i>spica</i> a point, an ear of grain; but in the sense of
nail more likely akin to E. <i>spoke</i> of a wheel.  Cf.
<u>Spine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sort of very large nail;
also, a piece of pointed iron set with points upward or
outward.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything resembling such a nail in
shape.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He wears on his head the <i>corona radiata</i> . . . ;
the <i>spikes</i> that shoot out represent the rays of the
sun.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An ear of corn or grain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of flower cluster in
which sessile flowers are arranged on an unbranched elongated
axis.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spike grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>either of two tall
perennial American grasses (<i>Uniola paniculata</i>, and <i>U.
latifolia</i>) having broad leaves and large flattened spikelets.</cd>
-- <col><b>Spike rush</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Rush</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spike shell</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any pteropod of the genus <i>Styliola</i>
having a slender conical shell.</cd> -- <col><b>Spike team</b></col>,
<cd>three horses, or a horse and a yoke of oxen, harnessed together, a
horse leading the oxen or the span.</cd> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Spike</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spiked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spiking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fasten with spikes, or
long, large nails; as, to <i>spike</i> down planks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To set or furnish with spikes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fix on a spike.</def> [R.]
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To stop the vent of (a gun or cannon) by
driving a spike nail, or the like into it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spike</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>spieke</i>, L.
<i>spica</i> an ear of grain. See <u>Spikenard</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Spike lavender. See <u>Lavender</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Oil of spike</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a colorless or
yellowish aromatic oil extracted from the European broad-leaved
lavender, or aspic (<i>Lavendula Spica</i>), used in artist's varnish
and in veterinary medicine. It is often adulterated with oil of
turpentine, which it much resembles.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spike"bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The hooded merganser.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The marbled godwit (<i>Limosa
fedoa</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Spiked</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished or set
with spikes, as corn; fastened with spikes; stopped with
spikes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A youth, leaping over the <i>spiked</i> pales, . . .
was caught by those spikes.</blockquote> <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spike"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Sailfish</u> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd></def></p>

<p><hw>Spike"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
small or secondary spike; especially, one of the ultimate parts of the
in florescence of grasses. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Quaking
grass</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spike"nard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[For <i>spiked
nard</i>; cf. G. <i>spieknarde</i>, NL. <i>spica nardi</i>. See
<u>Spike</u> an ear, and <u>Nard</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An aromatic plant. In the United States it is the
<i>Aralia racemosa</i>, often called <i>spignet</i>, and used as a
medicine. The spikenard of the ancients is the <i>Nardostachys
Jatamansi</i>, a native of the Himalayan region.  From its blackish
roots a perfume for the hair is still prepared in India.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fragrant essential oil, as that from the
<i>Nardostachys Jatamansi</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spike"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The pintail duck.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Spik"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Like a spike; spikelike.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These <i>spiky</i>, vivid outbursts of metallic
vapors.</blockquote> <i>C. A. Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a sharp point, or sharp points;
furnished or armed with spikes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or by the <i>spiky</i> harrow cleared
away.</blockquote> <i>Dyer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>spiky</i> wheels through heaps of carnage
tore.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LG. <i>spile</i>,
dial. G. <i>speil</i>, <i>speiler</i>, D. <i>spijl</i>. &radic;170.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small plug or wooden pin, used to stop a
vent, as in a cask.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1386 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small tube or spout inserted in a tree
for conducting sap, as from a sugar maple.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A large stake driven into the ground as a
support for some superstructure; a pile.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spile hole</b></col>, <cd>a small air hole in a cask; a
vent.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spile</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To supply with a
spile or a spigot; to make a small vent in, as a cask.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spil"i*kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OD. <i>spelleken</i>
a small pin. See <u>Spill</u> a splinter.] <def>One of a number of
small pieces or pegs of wood, ivory, bone, or other material, for
playing a game, or for counting the score in a game, as in cribbage.
In the plural (<plw><b><i>spilikins</i></b></plw>), a game played with
such pieces; pushpin.</def> [Written also <i>spillikin</i>,
<i>spilliken</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Spill</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [&radic;170.  Cf.
<u>Spell</u> a splinter.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bit of wood split
off; a splinter.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A slender piece of anything.</def>
Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A peg or pin for plugging a hole, as in a
cask; a spile.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A metallic rod or pin.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A small roll of paper, or slip of wood,
used as a lamplighter, etc.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>One of the thick laths or
poles driven horizontally ahead of the main timbering in advancing a
level in loose ground.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A little sum of money.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spill</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spilt</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spilling</u>.] <def>To cover or decorate with slender pieces of
wood, metal, ivory, etc.; to inlay.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spill</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spilled</u> (?), or <u>Spilt</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Spilling</u>.] [OE. <i>spillen</i>,sually, to
destroy, AS. <i>spillan</i>, <i>spildan</i>, to destroy; akin to Icel.
<i>spilla</i> to destroy, Sw. <i>spilla</i> to spill, Dan.
<i>spilde</i>,G. & D. <i>spillen</i> to squander, OHG.
<i>spildan</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To destroy; to kill; to put
an end to.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And gave him to the queen, all at her will<BR>
To choose whether she would him save or <i>spill</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Greater glory think [it] to save than
<i>spill</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mar; to injure; to deface; hence, to
destroy by misuse; to waste.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They [the colors] disfigure the stuff and <i>spill</i>
the whole workmanship.</blockquote> <i>Puttenham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Spill</i> not the morning, the quintessence of day,
in recreations.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To suffer to fall or run out of a vessel;
to lose, or suffer to be scattered; -- applied to fluids and to
substances whose particles are small and loose; as, to <i>spill</i>
water from a pail; to <i>spill</i> quicksilver from a vessel; to
<i>spill</i> powder from a paper; to <i>spill</i> sand or
flour.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Spill</i> differs from <i>pour</i> in expressing
accidental loss, -- a loss or waste contrary to purpose.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cause to flow out and be lost or wasted;
to shed, or suffer to be shed, as in battle or in manslaughter; as, a
man <i>spills</i> another's blood, or his own blood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And to revenge his blood so justly
<i>spilt</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To relieve a sail from the
pressure of the wind, so that it can be more easily reefed or furled,
or to lessen the strain.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spilling line</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a rope used for
spilling, or dislodging, the wind from the belly of a sail.</cd>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spill</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be destroyed, ruined, or wasted; to come to ruin; to perish; to
waste.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That thou wilt suffer innocents to
<i>spill</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be shed; to run over; to fall out, and
be lost or wasted.</def> "He was so topful of himself, that he let it
<i>spill</i> on all the company."  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spill"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, spills.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of fishing line with many hooks; a
boulter.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spil"let fish`ing</hw> (?), <hw>Spil"liard fish`ing</hw> (?),
} <def>A system or method of fishing by means of a number of hooks set
on snoods all on one line; -- in North America, called <i>trawl
fishing</i>, <i>bultow</i>, or <i>bultow fishing</i>, and <i>long-line
fishing</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spil"li*kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Spilikin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spill"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sluiceway or
passage for superfluous water in a reservoir, to prevent too great
pressure on the dam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spilt</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Spill</u>. Spilled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spil"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Spill</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Any one of the small branches on a stag's
head.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spilth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Spill</u>.]
<def>Anything spilt, or freely poured out; slop; effusion.</def>
[Archaic] "With drunken <i>spilth</i> of wine."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Choicest cates, and the flagon's best
<i>spilth</i>.</blockquote> <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spin</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spun</u> (?) (Archaic <pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Span</u> (&?;)); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spinning</u>.] [AS. <i>spinnan</i>; akin to D. & G. <i>spinnen</i>,
Icel. & Sw. <i>spinna</i>, Dan. <i>spinde</i>, Goth. <i>spinnan</i>,
and probably to E. <i>span</i>. &radic;170.  Cf. <u>Span</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Spider</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
draw out, and twist into threads, either by the hand or machinery; as,
to <i>spin</i> wool, cotton, or flax; to <i>spin</i> goat's hair; to
produce by drawing out and twisting a fibrous material.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the yarn she [Penelope] <i>spun</i> in Ulysses'
absence did but fill Ithaca full of moths.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw out tediously; to form by a slow
process, or by degrees; to extend to a great length; -- with
<i>out</i>; as, to <i>spin</i> out large volumes on a
subject.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Do you mean that story is tediously <i>spun</i>
out?</blockquote> <i>Sheridan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To protract; to spend by delays; as, to
<i>spin</i> out the day in idleness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By one delay after another they <i>spin</i> out their
whole lives.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cause to turn round rapidly; to whirl;
to twirl; as, to <i>spin</i> a top.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To form (a web, a cocoon, silk, or the
like) from threads produced by the extrusion of a viscid, transparent
liquid, which hardens on coming into contact with the air; -- said of
the spider, the silkworm, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>To shape, as malleable sheet
metal, into a hollow form, by bending or buckling it by pressing
against it with a smooth hand tool or roller while the metal revolves,
as in a lathe.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To spin a yarn</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to tell a
story, esp. a long or fabulous tale.</cd> -- <col><b>To spin
hay</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>to twist it into ropes for convenient
carriage on an expedition.</cd> -- <col><b>To spin street
yarn</b></col>, <cd>to gad about gossiping.</cd> [Collog.]</p>

<p><hw>Spin</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To practice spinning; to work at drawing and twisting threads; to
make yarn or thread from fiber; as, the woman knows how to
<i>spin</i>; a machine or jenny <i>spins</i> with great
exactness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They neither know to <i>spin</i>, nor care to
toll.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move round rapidly; to whirl; to
revolve, as a top or a spindle, about its axis.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Round about him <i>spun</i> the landscape,<BR>
Sky and forest reeled together.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With a whirligig of jubilant mosquitoes <i>spinning</i>
about each head.</blockquote> <i>G. W. Cable.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To stream or issue in a thread or a small
current or jet; as, blood <i>spins</i>from a vein.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To move swifty; as, to <i>spin</i> along
the road in a carriage, on a bicycle, etc.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Spin</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of spinning; as, the <i>spin</i> of a top; a <i>spin</i> a
bicycle.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Kinematics)</i> <def>Velocity of rotation
about some specified axis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spi"na bif"i*da</hw> (?). <i>(Med.)</i> [L., cleft spine.]
<def>A congenital malformation in which the spinal column is cleft at
its lower portion, and the membranes of the spinal cord project as an
elastic swelling from the gap thus formed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi*na"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or resembling, the plant spinach, or the
family of plants to which it belongs.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spin"ach</hw>, <hw>Spin"age</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OF. <i>espinache</i>, <i>espinoche</i>, F. <i>&eacute;pinard</i>; cf.
F. <i>spinace</i>, Sp. <i>espinaca</i>; all fr. Ar.
<i>isf&amacr;n&amacr;j</i>, <i>isfin&amacr;j</i>,
<i>aspan&amacr;kh</i>, probably of Persian origin.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A common pot herb (<i>Spinacia oleracea</i>) belonging to the
Goosefoot family.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mountain spinach</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Garden orache</i>,
under <u>Orache</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>New Zealand spinach</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a coarse herb (<i>Tetragonia expansa</i>), a poor
substitute for spinach.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; Various other pot herbs are locally called
<i>spinach</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Spi"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>spinalis</i>, fr.
<i>spina</i> the spine: cf. F. <i>spinal</i>. See <u>Spine</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or in the
region of, the backbone, or vertebral column; rachidian;
vertebral.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a spine or
spines.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spinal accessory nerves</b></col>, <cd>the eleventh pair of
cranial nerves in the higher vertebrates. They originate from the
spinal cord and pass forward into the skull, from which they emerge in
company with the pneumogastrics.</cd> -- <col><b>Spinal
column</b></col>, <cd>the backbone, or connected series or
vertebr&aelig; which forms the axis of the vertebrate skeleton; the
spine; rachis; vertebral column.</cd> -- <col><b>Spinal
cord</b></col>, <cd>the great nervous cord extending backward from the
brain along the dorsal side of the spinal column of a vertebrate
animal, and usually terminating in a threadlike appendage called the
<i>filum terminale</i>; the spinal, or vertebral, marrow; the myelon.
The nervous tissue consists of nerve fibers and nerve cells, the
latter being confined to the so-called <i>gray matter</i> of the
central portions of the cord, while the peripheral <i>white matter</i>
is composed of nerve fibers only. The center of the cord is traversed
by a slender canal connecting with the ventricles of the
brain.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spi"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bearing a spine;
spiniform.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spin"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>spinal</i>, fr.
<i>spinnan</i> to spin; akin to D. <i>spil</i>, G. <i>spille</i>,
<i>spindel</i>, OHG. <i>spinnala</i>. &radic;170. See <u>Spin</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The long, round, slender rod or pin in
spinning wheels by which the thread is twisted, and on which, when
twisted, it is wound; also, the pin on which the bobbin is held in a
spinning machine, or in the shuttle of a loom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A slender rod or pin on which anything
turns; an axis; as, the <i>spindle</i> of a vane.</def> Specifically:
--</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The shaft, mandrel, or
arbor, in a machine tool, as a lathe or drilling machine, etc., which
causes the work to revolve, or carries a tool or center,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The vertical rod on which
the runner of a grinding mill turns.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>A shaft or pipe on which
a core of sand is formed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The fusee of a watch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A long and slender stalk resembling a
spindle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A yarn measure containing, in cotton yarn,
15,120 yards; in linen yarn, 14,400 yards.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A solid generated by the
revolution of a curved line about its base or double ordinate or
chord.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any
marine univalve shell of the genus <i>Rostellaria</i>; -- called also
<i>spindle stromb</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any marine
gastropod of the genus <i>Fusus</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dead spindle</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a spindle in a
machine tool that does not revolve; the spindle of the tailstock of a
lathe.</cd> -- <col><b>Live spindle</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>the
revolving spindle of a machine tool; the spindle of the headstock of a
turning lathe.</cd> -- <col><b>Spindle shell</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Spindle</u>, 7. above.</cd> --
<col><b>Spindle side</b></col>, <cd>the female side in descent; in the
female line; opposed to <i>spear side</i>.</cd> <i>Ld. Lytton.</i>
[R.] "King Lycaon, grandson, by the <i>spindle side</i>, of Oceanus."
<i>Lowell.</i> -- <col><b>Spindle tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>any shrub or tree of the genus <i>Eunymus</i>. The wood of <i>E.
Europ&aelig;us</i> was used for spindles and skewers. See
<u>Prickwood</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spin"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spindled</u>(?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spindling</u> (?).] <def>To shoot or grow into a long, slender
stalk or body; to become disproportionately tall and
slender.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It has begun to <i>spindle</i> into
overintellectuality.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spin"dle-legged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
long, slender legs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spin"dle*legs`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
spindleshanks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spin"dle-shanked`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
long, slender legs.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spin"dle*shanks`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person
with slender shanks, or legs; -- used humorously or in
contempt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spin"dle-shaped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the shape of a spindle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Thickest in the middle, and
tapering to both ends; fusiform; -- applied chiefly to
roots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spin"dle*tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The pintail duck.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Spin"dle*worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The larva of a noctuid mmoth (<i>Achatodes
ze&aelig;</i>) which feeds inside the stalks of corn (maize),
sometimes causing much damage. It is smooth, with a black head and
tail and a row of black dots across each segment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spin"dling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Long and
slender, or disproportionately tall and slender; as, a
<i>spindling</i> tree; a <i>spindling</i> boy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spina</i> thorn,
the spine; akin to <i>spica</i> a point: cf. OF. <i>espine</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;pine</i>.  Cf. <u>Spike</u>, <u>Spinet</u> a musical
instrument, <u>Spinny</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
sharp appendage to any of a plant; a thorn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
rigid and sharp projection upon any part of an animal.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the rigid and undivided fin rays of a
fish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The backbone, or spinal
column, of an animal; -- so called from the projecting processes upon
the vertebr&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Anything resembling the spine or backbone;
a ridge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spine"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A fish having spines in, or in front of, the dorsal
fins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spine"bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of Australian birds of the genus
<i>Acanthorhynchus</i>. They are related to the honey
eaters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spined</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with
spines; spiny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spine"-finned`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having fine supported by spinous fin rays; --
said of certain fishes.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spi*nel"</hw> (?), <hw>Spi*nelle"</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>spinelle</i>, or LL. <i>spinellus</i>,
perhaps from L. <i>spina</i> a thorn, a prickle, in allusion to its
pointed crystals.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral occuring in
octahedrons of great hardness and various colors, as red, green, blue,
brown, and black, the red variety being the gem spinel ruby. It
consist essentially of alumina and magnesia, but commonly contains
iron and sometimes also chromium.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>spinel group</i> includes spinel proper, also
magnetite, chromite, franklinite, gahnite, etc., all of which may be
regarded as composed of a sesquioxide and a protoxide in equal
proportions.</p>

<p><hw>Spin"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Bleached yarn in
making the linen tape called <i>inkle</i>; unwrought inkle.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spine"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
spine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi*nes"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L.
<i>spinescens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>spinescere</i> to know
to grow thorny, fr. <i>spina</i> a thorn: cf. F. <i>spinescent</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Becoming hard and thorny; tapering gradually to a
rigid, leafless point; armed with spines.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spin"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>espinete</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;pinette</i> (cf. It. <i>spinetta</i>), fr. L. <i>spina</i>
a thorn; -- so called because its quills resemble thorns. See
<u>Spine</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A keyed instrument of music
resembling a harpsichord, but smaller, with one string of brass or
steel wire to each note, sounded by means of leather or quill
plectrums or jacks. It was formerly much used.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dumb spinet</b></col>. <i>(Mus.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Manichordon</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spi"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spinetum</i>. See
<u>Spinny</u>.] <def>A spinny.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spine"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any one or several species of swifts of the
genus <i>Acanthylis</i>, or <i>Ch&aelig;tura</i>, and allied genera,
in which the shafts of the tail feathers terminate in rigid
spines.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any one of several species of
South American and Central American clamatorial birds belonging to
<i>Synallaxis</i> and allied genera of the family
<i>Dendrocolaptid&aelig;</i>. They are allied to the ovenbirds.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The ruddy duck.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Spine"-tailed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the tail quills ending in sharp, naked
tips.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spine-tailed swift</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Spinetail</u> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spin"et*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slit;
cleft.</def> [Obs. & R.]</p>

<p><hw>Spi*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spinifer</i>; <i>spina</i> thorn + <i>ferre</i> to produce.]
<def>Producing spines; bearing thorns or spines; thorny;
spiny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spin"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shaped like a
spine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi*nig"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spiniger</i>; <i>spina</i> spine + <i>gerere</i> to bear.]
<def>Bearing a spine or spines; thorn-bearing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spin"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being spiny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spin`i-spir"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having spines arranged spirally. See
<u>Spicule</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spink</hw> (sp&ibreve;&nsm;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. dial.
Sw. <i>spink</i> a kind of small bird, Gr. <grk>spi`ggos</grk>, and E.
<i>finch</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The chaffinch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spin"na*ker</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A large triangular sail set upon a boom, -- used when running
before the wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spin"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, spins one skilled in spinning; a spinning
machine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A spider.</def> "Long-legged
<i>spinners</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A goatsucker; -- so
called from the peculiar noise it makes when darting through the
air.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A spinneret.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ring spinner</b></col>, <cd>a machine for spinning, in
which the twist, given to the yarn by a revolving bobbin, is regulated
by the drag of a small metal loop which slides around a ring
encircling the bobbin, instead of by a throstle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spin"ner*et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the special jointed organs situated on the under side, and
near the end, of the abdomen of spiders, by means of which they spin
their webs. Most spiders have three pairs of spinnerets, but some have
only two pairs. The ordinary silk line of the spider is composed of
numerous smaller lines jointed after issuing from the
spinnerets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spin"ner*ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the numerous small spinning tubes on the spinnerets of
spiders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spin"ney</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spinneys</b></plw> (&?;). <def>Same as <u>Spinny</u>.</def>
<i>T. Hughes.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1387 !></p>

<p><hw>Spin"ning</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Spin</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spinning gland</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of
the glands which form the material for spinning the silk of silkworms
and other larv&aelig;.</cd> -- <col><b>Spinning house</b></col>,
<cd>formerly a common name for a house of correction in England, the
women confined therein being employed in spinning.</cd> --
<col><b>Spinning jenny</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>an engine or
machine for spinning wool or cotton, by means of a large number of
spindles revolving simultaneously.</cd> -- <col><b>Spinning
mite</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the red spider.</cd> --
<col><b>Spinning wheel</b></col>, <cd>a machine for spinning yarn or
thread, in which a wheel drives a single spindle, and is itself driven
by the hand, or by the foot acting on a treadle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spin"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spinnies</b></plw> (#). [OF. <i>espinaye</i>,<i>espinoye</i>,
<i>espinei</i>, <i>espanoi</i>, F. <i>&eacute;pinaie</i>, from L.
<i>spinetum</i> a thicket of thorns, fr. <i>spina</i> a thorn. See
<u>Spine</u>.] <def>A small thicket or grove with undergrowth; a clump
of trees.</def> [Written also <i>spinney</i>, and <i>spinny</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The downs rise steep, crowned with black fir
<i>spinnies</i>.</blockquote> <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spin"ny</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Spiny</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Thin and long; slim; slender.</def> [Obs.
or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spi*nose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L. <i>spinosus</i>,
from <i>spina</i> a thorn.] <def>Full of spines; armed with thorns;
thorny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi*nos"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being spiny or thorny; spininess.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi"nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Spinose; thorny.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the form of a spine or thorn;
spinelike.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spinous process of a vertebra</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>,
<cd>the dorsal process of the neural arch of a vertebra; a
neurapophysis.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spi*no"zism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The form of
Pantheism taught by Benedict <i>Spinoza</i>, that there is but one
substance, or infinite essence, in the universe, of which the so-
called material and spiritual beings and phenomena are only modes, and
that one this one substance is God.</def> [Written also
<i>Spinosism</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Spi*no"zist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A believer in
Spinozism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spin"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spin</i> + <i>-
ster</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A woman who spins, or whose
occupation is to spin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She spake to <i>spinster</i> to spin it
out.</blockquote> <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>spinsters</i> and the knitters in the
sun.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A man who spins.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An unmarried or single woman;
-- used in legal proceedings as a title, or addition to the
surname.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If a gentlewoman be termed a <i>spinster</i>, she may
abate the writ.</blockquote> <i>Coke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A woman of evil life and character; -- so
called from being forced to spin in a house of correction.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spin"stress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
spins.</def>  <i>T. Brown.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spin"stry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The business of
one who spins; spinning.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spin"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spinula</i>,
dim. of <i>spina</i> a spine: cf. F. <i>spinule</i>.] <def>A minute
spine.</def>  <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spin`u*les"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having small spines; somewhat thorny.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spin"u*lose`</hw> (?), <hw>Spin"u*lous</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>spinuleux</i>.] <def>Covered with
small spines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spin"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Spine</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full of spines; thorny; as, a <i>spiny</i>
tree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Like a spine in shape; slender.</def>
"<i>Spiny</i> grasshoppers sit chirping."  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Abounding with difficulties or
annoyances.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>spiny</i> deserts of scholastic
philosophy.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Spiny lobster</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as
<i>Rock lobster</i>, under <u>Rock</u>. See also
<u>Lobster</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spin"y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Spinny</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spi*o"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
<i>Spio</i> the typical genus.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive
division of marine Annelida, including those that are without oral
tentacles or cirri, and have the gills, when present, mostly arranged
along the sides of the body. They generally live in burrows or
tubes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi"ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spirabilis</i>.] <def>Capable of being breathed; respirable.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Nash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spir"a*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[L. <i>spiraculum</i>,
fr. <i>spirare</i> to breathe: cf. F. <i>spiracule</i>. See
<u>Spirit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The nostril, or
one of the nostrils, of whales, porpoises, and allied
animals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One
of the external openings communicating with the air tubes or
trache&aelig; of insects, myriapods, and arachnids. They are variable
in number, and are usually situated on the sides of the thorax and
abdomen, a pair to a segment. These openings are usually elliptical,
and capable of being closed. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Coleoptera</u>.</def> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A tubular orifice
communicating with the gill cavity of certain ganoid and all
elasmobranch fishes. It is the modified first gill cleft.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any small aperture or vent for air or other
fluid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi*rac"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a spiracle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi*r&aelig;"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?;, fr. &?;&?;&?; a coil.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of shrubs
or perennial herbs including the meadowsweet and the
hardhack.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi*r&aelig;"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or derived from, the meadowsweet
(<i>Spir&aelig;a</i>); formerly, designating an acid which is now
called <i>salicylic acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>spiral</i>.
See <u>Spire</u> a winding line.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Winding or
circling round a center or pole and gradually receding from it; as,
the <i>spiral</i> curve of a watch spring.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Winding round a cylinder or imaginary axis,
and at the same time rising or advancing forward; winding like the
thread of a screw; helical.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a
spiral; like a spiral.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spiral gear</b></col>, or <col><b>Spiral wheel</b></col>
<i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a gear resembling in general a spur gear, but
having its teeth cut at an angle with its axis, or so that they form
small portions of screws or spirals.</cd> -- <col><b>Spiral
gearing</b></col>, <cd>a kind of gearing sometimes used in light
machinery, in which spiral gears, instead of bevel gears, are used to
transmit motion between shafts that are not parallel.</cd> --
<col><b>Spiral operculum</b></col>, <cd>an operculum whih has spiral
lines of growth.</cd> -- <col><b>Spiral shell</b></col>, <cd>any shell
in which the whorls form a spiral or helix.</cd> -- <col><b>Spiral
spring</b></col>. <cd>See the <i>Note</i> under <u>Spring</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spi"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>spirale</i>.
See <u>Spiral</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A plane curve, not re&euml;ntrant, described by a
point, called the <i>generatrix</i>, moving along a straight line
according to a mathematical law, while the line is revolving about a
fixed point called the <i>pole</i>.  Cf. <u>Helix</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything which has a spiral form, as a
spiral shell.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Equiangular spiral</b></col>,<cd>a plane curve which cuts
all its generatrices at the same angle. Same as <i>Logarithmic
spiral</i>, under <u>Logarithmic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spiral of
Archimedes</b></col>, <cd>a spiral the law of which is that the
generatrix moves uniformly along the revolving line, which also moves
uniformly.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spi*ral"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
states of being spiral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi"ral*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a spiral
form, manner, or direction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi*ra`lo*zo"oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spiral</i>
+ <i>zooid</i>. So called because they often have a spiral form when
contracted.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the special defensive
zooids of certain hydroids. They have the form of long, slender
tentacles, and bear lasso cells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi"rant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spirans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>spirare</i> to breathe. See
<u>Spirit</u>.] <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>A term used differently by
different authorities; -- by some as equivalent to <i>fricative</i>, -
- that is, as including all the continuous consonants, except the
nasals <i>m</i>, <i>n</i>, <i>ng</i>; with the further exception, by
others, of the liquids <i>r</i>, <i>l</i>, and the semivowels
<i>w</i>, <i>y</i>; by others limited to <i>f</i>, <i>v</i>, <i>th</i>
surd and sonant, and the sound of German <i>ch</i>, -- thus excluding
the sibilants, as well as the nasals, liquids, and semivowels. See
<i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect; 197-208.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi*ran"thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; a
coil + &?;&?;&?; flower.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The occasional twisted
growth of the parts of a flower.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spiratio</i>,
fr. <i>spirare</i> to breathe.] <def>The act of breathing.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spire</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L. <i>spirare</i> to
breathe. See <u>Spirit</u>.] <def>To breathe.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spire</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>spire</i>,
<i>spir</i>, a blade of grass, a young shoot, AS. <i>sp&imacr;r</i>;
akin to G. <i>spier</i> a blade of grass, Dan. <i>spire</i> a sprout,
sprig, Sw. <i>spira</i> a spar, Icel. <i>sp&imacr;ra</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A slender stalk or blade in vegetation; as, a
<i>spire</i> grass or of wheat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An oak cometh up a little <i>spire</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tapering body that shoots up or out to a
point in a conical or pyramidal form. Specifically <i>(Arch.)</i>, the
roof of a tower when of a pyramidal form and high in proportion to its
width; also, the pyramidal or aspiring termination of a tower which
can not be said to have a roof, such as that of Strasburg cathedral;
the tapering part of a steeple, or the steeple itself.</def> "With
glistering <i>spires</i> and pinnacles adorned."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>spire</i> of land that stand apart,<BR>
Cleft from the main.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Tall <i>spire</i> from which the sound of cheerful
bells<BR>
Just undulates upon the listening ear.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A tube or fuse for
communicating fire to the chargen in blasting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The top, or uppermost point, of anything;
the summit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>spire</i> and top of praises.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spire</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spired</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spiring</u>.] <def>To shoot forth, or up in, or as if in, a
spire.</def>  <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is not so apt to <i>spire</i> up as the other sorts,
being more inclined to branch into arms.</blockquote>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spire</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spira</i> coil, twist;
akin to Gr. &?;&?;&?;: cf. F. <i>spire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
spiral; a curl; a whorl; a twist.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The part of a spiral
generated in one revolution of the straight line about the pole. See
<u>Spiral</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Spire bearer</b></col>. <i>(Paleon.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Spirifer</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spired</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a spire;
being in the form of a spire; as, a <i>spired</i> steeple.</def>
<i>Mason.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spi"ri*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim., fr. L.
<i>spira</i> a coil.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of certain minute coiled
threads in the coating of some seeds. When moistened these threads
protrude in great numbers.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spi"ri*fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>spira</i> a coil + <i>ferre</i>to bear.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Any
one of numerous species of fossil brachipods of the genus
<i>Spirifer</i>, or <i>Delthyris</i>, and allied genera, in which the
long calcareous supports of the arms form a large spiral, or helix, on
each side.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spi*ril"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., dim. of L.
<i>spira</i> a coil.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A genus of common motile
micro&ouml;rganisms (<i>Spirobacteria</i>) having the form of spiral-
shaped filaments. One species is said to be the cause of relapsing
fever.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spir"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shooting up in a
spire or spires.</def> "The <i>spiring</i> grass."  <i>Dryton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>espirit</i>,
<i>esperit</i>, F. <i>esprit</i>, L. <i>spiritus</i>, from
<i>spirare</i> to breathe, to blow.  Cf. <u>Conspire</u>,
<u>Expire</u>, <u>Esprit</u>, <u>Sprite</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Air set in motion by breathing; breath; hence, sometimes, life
itself.</def> [Obs.] "All of <i>spirit</i> would deprive."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The mild air, with season moderate,<BR>
Gently attempered, and disposed eo well,<BR>
That still it breathed foorth sweet <i>spirit</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rough breathing; an aspirate, as the
letter <i>h</i>; also, a mark to denote aspiration; a breathing.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Be it a letter or <i>spirit</i>, we have great use for
it.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Life, or living substance, considered
independently of corporeal existence; an intelligence conceived of
apart from any physical organization or embodiment; vital essence,
force, or energy, as distinct from matter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The intelligent, immaterial and immortal
part of man; the soul, in distinction from the body in which it
resides; the agent or subject of vital and spiritual functions,
whether spiritual or material.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a <i>spirit</i> in man; and the inspiration of
the Almighty giveth them understanding.</blockquote> <i>Job xxxii.
8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As the body without the <i>spirit</i> is dead, so faith
without works is dead also.</blockquote> <i>James ii. 26.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Spirit</i> is a substance wherein thinking, knowing,
doubting, and a power of moving, do subsist.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, a disembodied soul; the human
soul after it has left the body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then shall the dust return to the earth as it was, and
the <i>spirit</i> shall return unto God who gave it.</blockquote>
<i>Eccl. xii. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye gentle <i>spirits</i> far away,<BR>
With whom we shared the cup of grace.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Any supernatural being, good or bad; an
apparition; a specter; a ghost; also, sometimes, a sprite,; a fairy;
an elf.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whilst young, preserve his tender mind from all
impressions of <i>spirits</i> and goblins in the dark.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Energy, vivacity, ardor, enthusiasm,
courage, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"Write it then, quickly," replied Bede; and summoning
all his <i>spirits</i> together, like the last blaze of a candle going
out, he indited it, and expired.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>One who is vivacious or lively; one who
evinces great activity or peculiar characteristics of mind or temper;
as, a ruling <i>spirit</i>; a schismatic <i>spirit</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such <i>spirits</i> as he desired to please, such would
I choose for my judges.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Temper or disposition of mind; mental
condition or disposition; intellectual or moral state; -- often in the
plural; as, to be cheerful, or in good <i>spirits</i>; to be
downhearted, or in bad <i>spirits</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God has . . . made a <i>spirit</i> of building succeed
a <i>spirit</i> of pulling down.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A perfect judge will read each work of wit<BR>
With the same <i>spirit</i> that its author writ.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Intent; real meaning; -- opposed to the
<i>letter</i>, or to <i>formal statement</i>; also, characteristic
quality, especially such as is derived from the individual genius or
the personal character; as, the <i>spirit</i> of an enterprise, of a
document, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Tenuous, volatile, airy, or vapory
substance, possessed of active qualities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All bodies have <i>spirits</i> . . . within
them.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>Any liquid produced by distillation;
especially, alcohol, the <i>spirits</i>, or <i>spirit</i>, of wine (it
having been first distilled from wine): -- often in the
plural.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Rum, whisky, brandy, gin, and
other distilled liquors having much alcohol, in distinction from wine
and malt liquors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A solution in alcohol of a
volatile principle.  Cf. <u>Tincture</u>.</def>  <i>U. S.
Disp.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <i>(Alchemy)</i> <def>Any one of the four
substances, sulphur, sal ammoniac, quicksilver, or arsenic (or,
according to some, orpiment).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The four <i>spirits</i> and the bodies
seven.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <i>(Dyeing)</i> <def>Stannic chloride. See
under <u>Stannic</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Spirit</i> is sometimes joined with other words, forming
compounds, generally of obvious signification; as, <i>spirit</i>-
moving, <i>spirit</i>-searching, <i>spirit</i>-stirring, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Astral spirits</b></col>, <col><b>Familiar
spirits</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under <u>Astral</u>, <u>Familiar</u>,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Animal spirits</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <cd>The fluid which at one time was supposed to
circulate through the nerves and was regarded as the agent of
sensation and motion; -- called also the <i>nervous fluid</i>, or
<i>nervous principle</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Physical health
and energy; frolicsomeness; sportiveness.</cd> -- <col><b>Ardent
spirits</b></col>, <cd>strong alcoholic liquors, as brandy, rum,
whisky, etc., obtained by distillation.</cd> -- <col><b>Holy
Spirit</b></col>, or <col><b>The Spirit</b></col> <i>(Theol.)</i>,
<cd>the Spirit of God, or the third person of the Trinity; the Holy
Ghost. <i>The spirit</i> also signifies the human spirit as influenced
or animated by the Divine Spirit.</cd> -- <col><b>Proof
spirit</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Proof</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Rectified spirit</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>spirit rendered
purer or more concentrated by redistillation, so as to increase the
percentage of absolute alcohol.</cd> -- <col><b>Spirit
butterfly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous
species of delicate butterflies of tropical America belonging to the
genus <i>Ithomia</i>. The wings are gauzy and nearly destitute of
scales.</cd> -- <col><b>Spirit duck</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The buffle-headed duck</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The golden-eye.</cd> -- <col><b>Spirit
lamp</b></col> <i>(Art)</i>, <cd>a lamp in which alcohol or methylated
spirit is burned.</cd> -- <col><b>Spirit level</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Level</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spirit of hartshorn</b></col>.
<i>(Old Chem.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Hartshorn</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Spirit of Mindererus</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>an aqueous
solution of acetate of ammonium; -- named after R. <i>Minderer</i>,
physician of Augsburg.</cd> -- <col><b>Spirit of nitrous
ether</b></col> <i>(Med. Chem.)</i>, <cd>a pale yellow liquid, of a
sweetish taste and a pleasant ethereal odor. It is obtained by the
distillation of alcohol with nitric and sulphuric acids, and consists
essentially of ethyl nitrite with a little acetic aldehyde. It is used
as a diaphoretic, diuretic, antispasmodic, etc.  Called also <i>sweet
spirit of niter</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spirit of salt</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>hydrochloric acid; -- so called because obtained
from salt and sulphuric acid.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>Spirit of
sense</b></col>, <cd>the utmost refinement of sensation.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Spirits</b></col>, or
<col><b>Spirit</b></col>, <col><b>of turpentine</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>rectified oil of turpentine, a transparent,
colorless, volatile, and very inflammable liquid, distilled from the
turpentine of the various species of pine; camphine. See
<u>Camphine</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spirit of vitriol</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>sulphuric acid; -- so called because formerly
obtained by the distillation of green vitriol.</cd> [Obs.] --
<col><b>Spirit of vitriolic ether</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>ether;
-- often but incorrectly called <i>sulphuric ether</i>.  See
<u>Ether</u>.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>Spirits</b></col>, or
<col><b>Spirit</b></col>, <col><b>of wine</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>alcohol; -- so called because formerly obtained by the
distillation of wine.</cd> -- <col><b>Spirit rapper</b></col>, <cd>one
who practices spirit rapping; a "medium" so called.</cd> --
<col><b>Spirit rapping</b></col>, <cd>an alleged form of communication
with the spirits of the dead by raps. See <u>Spiritualism</u>, 3.</cd>
-- <col><b>Sweet spirit of niter</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Spirit of
nitrous ether</i>, above.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1388 !></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Life; ardor; energy; fire; courage; animatioon;
cheerfulness; vivacity; enterprise.</p>

<p><hw>Spir"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spirited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spiriting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To animate with vigor; to
excite; to encourage; to inspirit; as, civil dissensions often
<i>spirit</i> the ambition of private men; -- sometimes followed by
<i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many officers and private men <i>spirit</i> up and
assist those obstinate people to continue in their
rebellion.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To convey rapidly and secretly, or
mysteriously, as if by the agency of a spirit; to kidnap; -- often
with <i>away</i>, or <i>off</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ministry had him <i>spirited</i> away, and carried
abroad as a dangerous person.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot &
Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I felt as if I had been <i>spirited</i> into some
castle of antiquity.</blockquote> <i>Willis.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Spiriting away</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>causing to
leave; the offense of inducing a witness to leave a jurisdiction so as
to evade process requiring attendance at trial.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>[L.
<i>spiritalis</i> belonging to breathing.] <def>By means of the
breath.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Animated or possessed by a spirit.</def> [Obs.] "So talked the
<i>spirited</i>, sly snake."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Animated; full of life or vigor; lively;
full of spirit or fire; as, a <i>spirited</i> oration; a
<i>spirited</i> answer.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Spirited</i> is much used in composition; as in high-
<i>spirited</i>, low-<i>spirited</i>, mean-<i>spirited</i>, etc.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Lively; vivacious; animated; ardent; active; bold;
courageous.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Spir"it*ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Spir"it*ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of spirit;
spirited.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>spiritful</i> and orderly life of our own grown
men.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Spir"it*ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Spir"it*ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Spiritualsm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
spiritualist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Destitute of spirit; wanting animation; wanting cheerfulness;
dejected; depressed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of vigor; wanting life, courage,
or fire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A men so faint, so <i>spiritless</i>,<BR>
So dull, so dead in lock, so woebegone.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having no breath; extinct; dead.</def> "The
<i>spiritless</i> body."  <i>Greenhill.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Spir"it*less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Spir"it*less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Spi`ri*to"so</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. & adv.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Spirited; spiritedly; -- a direction to perform a
passage in an animated, lively manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Spirituous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Like spirit; refined;
defecated; pure.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>More refined, more <i>spirituous</i> and
pure.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ardent; active.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being spiritous.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*u*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spiritualis</i>: cf. F. <i>spirituel</i>. See <u>Spirit</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of spirit; not material;
incorporeal; as, a <i>spiritual</i> substance or being.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is sown a natural body, it is raised a
<i>spiritual</i> body.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. xv. 44.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the intellectual and
higher endowments of the mind; mental; intellectual.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the moral feelings or
states of the soul, as distinguished from the external actions;
reaching and affecting the spirits.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God's law is <i>spiritual</i>; it is a transcript of
the divine nature, and extends its authority to the acts of the soul
of man.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the soul or its
affections as influenced by the Spirit; controlled and inspired by the
divine Spirit; proceeding from the Holy Spirit; pure; holy; divine;
heavenly-minded; -- opposed to <i>carnal</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That I may impart unto you some <i>spiritual</i>
gift.</blockquote> <i>Rom. i. ll.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ,
who hath blessed us with all <i>spiritual</i> blessings.</blockquote>
<i>Eph. i. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If a man be overtaken in a fault, ye which are
<i>spiritual</i>, restore such an one.</blockquote> <i>Gal. vi.
1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Not lay or temporal; relating to sacred
things; ecclesiastical; as, the <i>spiritual</i> functions of the
clergy; lords <i>spiritual</i> and temporal; a <i>spiritual</i>
corporation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spiritual coadjuctor</b></col>. <i>(Eccl.)</i> <cd>See the
Note under <u>Jesuit</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spiritual court</b></col>
<i>(Eccl. Law)</i>, <cd>an ecclesiastical court, or a court having
jurisdiction in ecclesiastical affairs; a court held by a bishop or
other ecclesiastic.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*u*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A spiritual
function, office, or affair. See <u>Spirituality</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He assigns supremacy to the pope in <i>spirituals</i>,
and to the emperor in temporals.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*u*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being
spiritual.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The doctrine, in
opposition to the materialists, that all which exists is spirit, or
soul -- that what is called the external world is either a succession
of notions impressed on the mind by the Deity, as maintained by
Berkeley, or else the mere educt of the mind itself, as taught by
Fichte.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A belief that departed spirits hold
intercourse with mortals by means of physical phenomena, as by rappng,
or during abnormal mental states, as in trances, or the like, commonly
manifested through a person of special susceptibility, called a
<i>medium</i>; spiritism; the doctrines and practices of
spiritualists.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What is called <i>spiritualism</i> should, I think, be
called a mental species of materialism.</blockquote> <i>R. H.
Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*u*al*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who professes a regard for spiritual
things only; one whose employment is of a spiritual character; an
ecclesiastic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who maintains the doctrine of
spiritualism.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who believes in direct intercourse with
departed spirits, through the agency of persons commonly called
<i>mediums</i>, by means of physical phenomena; one who attempts to
maintain such intercourse; a spiritist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*u*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Spiritualistic.</def>  <i>Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spir`it*u*al*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Relating to, or connected with, spiritualism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spir`it*u*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spiritualities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>spiritualitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>spiritualit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or
state of being spiritual; incorporeality; heavenly-
mindedness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A pleasure made for the soul, suitable to its
<i>spirituality</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If this light be not spiritual, yet it approacheth
nearest to <i>spirituality</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Much of our <i>spirituality</i> and comfort in public
worship depends on the state of mind in which we come.</blockquote>
<i>Bickersteth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>That which belongs to the
church, or to a person as an ecclesiastic, or to religion, as distinct
from temporalities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>During the vacancy of a see, the archbishop is guardian
of the <i>spiritualities</i> thereof.</blockquote>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An ecclesiastical body; the whole body of
the clergy, as distinct from, or opposed to, the temporality.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Five entire subsidies were granted to the king by the
<i>spirituality</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spir`it*u*al*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of spiritualizing, or the state of being spiritualized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*u*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> <u>Spiritualized</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Spiritualizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F.
<i>spiritualiser</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To refine
intellectiually or morally; to purify from the corrupting influence of
the world; to give a spiritual character or tendency to; as, to
<i>spiritualize</i> soul.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This seen in the clear air, and the whole
<i>spiritualized</i> by endless recollections, fills the eye and the
heart more forcibly than I can find words to say.</blockquote>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give a spiritual meaning to; to take in
a spiritual sense; -- opposed to <i>literalize</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>To extract spirit from;
also, to convert into, or impregnate with, spirit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*u*al*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
spiritualizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*u*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
spiritual manner; with purity of spirit; like a spirit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*u*al-mind`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
the mind set on spiritual things, or filled with holy desires and
affections.</def> -- <wf>Spir"it*u*al-mind`ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*u*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being spiritual or spiritual-minded;
spirituality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*u*al*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Spirituality</u>.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>An ecclesiastical body; a
spirituality.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Spi`ri`tu`elle"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Of
the nature, or having the appearance, of a spirit; pure; refined;
ethereal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spir`it*u*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being spirituous; spirituousness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. (for sense 2)
F. <i>spiritueux</i>.  Cf. <u>Spiritous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the quality of spirit; tenuous in substance, and having
active powers or properties; ethereal; immaterial; spiritual;
pure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Containing, or of the nature of, alcoholic
(esp. distilled) spirit; consisting of refined spirit; alcoholic;
ardent; as, <i>spirituous</i> liquors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Lively; gay; vivid; airy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The mind of man is of that <i>spirituous</i>, stirring
nature, that it is perpetually at work.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*u*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being spirituous.</def> [R.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spirk"et*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>The planking from the waterways up to the port sills.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spirl"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sparling.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Spi`ro*bac*te"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Spirobacterium</b></singw> (&?;). [NL. See 4th <u>Spire</u>,
and <u>Bacterium</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>See the Note under
<u>Microbacteria</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Spi`ro*ch&aelig;"ta</hw> (?),
<hw>||Spi`ro*ch&aelig;"te</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spira</i> a coil + Gr. &?;&?;&?; hair.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A genus
of Spirobacteria similar to Spirillum, but distinguished by its
motility. One species, the <i>Spiroch&aelig;te Obermeyeri</i>, is
supposed to be the cause of relapsing fever.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi"ro*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spirare</i>
to breathe + <i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An instrument for
recording the respiratory movements, as the sphygmograph does those of
the pulse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi*rom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spirare</i>
to breathe + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for measuring the
vital capacity of the lungs, or the volume of air which can be
expelled from the chest after the deepest possible inspiration.  Cf.
<u>Pneumatometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi*rom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
process of measuring the chest capacity by means of a
spirometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi"ro*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spirare</i>
to breathe + <i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A wet meter used
to determine the breathing capacity of the lungs.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spi*royl"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Spi*royl"ous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. <i>Spir&?;</i> meadowsweet (a source of
salicylal) + <i>-yl</i> + <i>-ic</i>, <i>-ous</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, a substance now called
<i>salicylal</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spirt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. & n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Spurt</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spir"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To spirt in a
scattering manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spir"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., dim. of L.
<i>spira</i> a coil.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of cephalopods
having a multilocular, internal, siphunculated shell in the form of a
flat spiral, the coils of which are not in contact.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spir"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having the color spots, or structural parts, arranged
spirally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spir"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Spire</u> a
winding line.] <def>Of a spiral form; wreathed; curled;
serpentine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hid in the <i>spiry</i> volumes of the
snake.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spir"y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [FR. <u>Spire</u> a steeple.]
<def>Of or pertaining to a spire; like a spire, tall, slender, and
tapering; abounding in spires; as, <i>spiry</i> turrets.</def>
"<i>Spiry</i> towns."  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spiss</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>spissus</i>.]
<def>Thick; crowded; compact; dense.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>spiss</i> and . . . copious, yet concise,
treatise.</blockquote> <i>Brerewood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spis"sa*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rendered dense
or compact, as by evaporation; inspissated; thickened.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>spissated</i> juice of the poppy.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spis"si*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spissitudo</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being spissated; as,
the <i>spissitude</i> of coagulated blood, or of any coagulum.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>spite</i>, AS.
<i>spitu</i>; akin to D. <i>spit</i>, G. <i>spiess</i>, OHG.
<i>spiz</i>, Dan. <i>spid</i>. Sw. <i>spett</i>, and to G.
<i>spitz</i> pointed. &radic;170.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A long,
slender, pointed rod, usually of iron, for holding meat while
roasting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small point of land running into the sea,
or a long, narrow shoal extending from the shore into the sea; as, a
<i>spit</i> of sand.</def>  <i>Cook.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The depth to which a spade goes in digging;
a spade; a spadeful.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spit</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spitted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spitting</u>.] [From <u>Spit</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; cf.
<u>Speet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To thrust a spit through; to
fix upon a spit; hence, to thrust through or impale; as, to
<i>spit</i> a loin of veal.</def> "Infants <i>spitted</i> upon pikes."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To spade; to dig.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spit</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To attend to a spit; to
use a spit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She's <i>spitting</i> in the kitchen.</blockquote>
<i>Old Play.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spit</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spit</u> (<u>Spat</u>, archaic); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Spitting</u>.] [AS. <i>spittan</i>; akin to G.
<i>sp&uuml;tzen</i>, Dan. <i>spytte</i>, Sw. <i>spotta</i>,Icel.
<i>sp&?;ta</i>, and prob. E. <i>spew</i>. The past tense <i>spat</i>
is due to AS. <i>sp&?;tte</i>, from <i>sp&?;tan</i> to spit.  Cf.
<u>Spat</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Spew</u>, <u>Spawl</u>,
<u>Spot</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To eject
from the mouth; to throw out, as saliva or other matter, from the
mouth.</def> "Thus <i>spit</i> I out my venom."
  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To eject; to throw out; to belch.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Spitted</i> was sometimes used as the preterit and the
past participle. "He . . . shall be mocked, and spitefully entreated,
and <i>spitted</i> on."  <i>Luke xviii. 32.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spit</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The secretion formed by
the glands of the mouth; spitle; saliva; sputum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spit</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
throw out saliva from the mouth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rain or snow slightly, or with
sprinkles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It had been <i>spitting</i> with rain.</blockquote>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To spit on</b></col> or <col><b>upon</b></col>, <cd>to
insult grossly; to treat with contempt.</cd> "<i>Spitting upon</i> all
antiquity."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spit"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbreviated from
<i>hospital</i>.] [Written also <i>spittle</i>.] <def>A
hospital.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spit"al*house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
hospital.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spit"ball`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Paper chewed,
and rolled into a ball, to be thrown as a missile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spit"box`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vessel to
receive spittle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spitch"cock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st <i>spit</i>
+ <i>cock</i>.] <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>To split (as an eel) lengthwise,
and broil it, or fry it in hot fat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spitch"cock`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Cookery)</i>
<def>An eel split and broiled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spitch"cocked`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Cookery)</i>
<def>Broiled or fried after being split lengthwise; -- said of
eels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spit" curl`</hw> (?). <def>A little lock of hair, plastered in
a spiral form on the temple or forehead with spittle, or other
adhesive substance.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Spite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbreviated fr.
<i>despite</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Ill-will or hatred toward
another, accompanied with the disposition to irritate, annoy, or
thwart; petty malice; grudge; rancor; despite.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This is the deadly <i>spite</i> that
angers.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Vexation; chargrin; mortification.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In spite of</b></col>, or <col><b>Spite of</b></col>,
<cd>in opposition to all efforts of; in defiance or contempt of;
notwithstanding.</cd>  "Continuing, <i>spite of</i> pain, to use a
knee after it had been slightly ibnjured." <i>H. Spenser.</i> "And
saved me <i>in spite of</i> the world, the devil, and myself."
<i>South.</i> "<i>In spite of</i> all applications, the patient grew
worse every day." <i>Arbuthnot.</i>  See Syn. under
<u>Notwithstanding</u>. -- <col><b>To owe one a spite</b></col>,
<cd>to entertain a mean hatred for him.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Pique, rancor; malevolence; grudge.  --
<u>Spite</u>, <u>Malice</u>. <i>Malice</i> has more reference to the
disposition, and <i>spite</i> to the manifestation of it in words and
actions. It is, therefore, meaner than <i>malice</i>, thought not
always more criminal. " <i>Malice</i> . . . is more frequently
employed to express the dispositions of inferior minds to execute
every purpose of mischief within the more limited circle of their
abilities." <i>Cogan.</i> "Consider eke, that <i>spite</i> availeth
naught." <i>Wyatt.</i> See <u>Pique</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Spite</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spiting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be angry at; to
hate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Danes, then . . . pagans, <i>spited</i> places of
religion.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To treat maliciously; to try to injure or
thwart.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fill with spite; to offend; to
vex.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Darius, <i>spited</i> at the Magi, endeavored to
abolish not only their learning, but their language.</blockquote>
<i>Sir. W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1389 !></p>

<p><hw>Spite"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Filled with, or
showing, spite; having a desire to vex, annoy, or injure; malignant;
malicious; as, a <i>spiteful</i> person or act.</def> <i>Shak.</i> --
<wf>Spite"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <wf>Spite"ful*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spit"fire`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A violent,
irascible, or passionate person.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spit"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spitfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A spadeful.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spit"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having spite;
spiteful.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spit"ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Spitefully.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spits"cocked`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Spitchcocked.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spit"ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Spit</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Put upon a spit; pierced as if by a
spit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Shot out long; -- said of antlers.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spit"ted</hw>, <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Spit</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, to eject, to spit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spit"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Spit</u> to
eject from the mouth.] <def>One who ejects saliva from the
mouth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spit"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Spit</u> an iron
prong.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who puts meat on a spit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young deer whose
antlers begin to shoot or become sharp; a brocket, or
pricket.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spit"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Spital</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spit"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Spit</u> to
spade.] <def>To dig or stir with a small spade.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spit"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small sort of
spade.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spit"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Spit</u> to eject
from the mouth: cf. <u>Spattle</u>, and AS. <i>sp&amacr;tl</i>.]
<def>The thick, moist matter which is secreted by the salivary glands;
saliva; spit.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spittle insect</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Cuckoo spit</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>, under <u>Cuckoo</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spit"tly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like spittle;
slimy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spit*toon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A spitbox; a
cuspidor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spit"-ven"om</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Poison
spittle; poison ejected from the mouth.</def> [R.]  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spitz" dog"</hw> (?). [G. <i>spitz</i>, <i>spitzhund</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A breed of dogs having erect ears and long
silky hair, usually white; -- called also <i>Pomeranian dog</i>, and
<i>louploup</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spitz"en*burgh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
red and yellow apple, of medium size and spicy flavor. It originated
at Newtown, on Long Island.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Splanch`napoph"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Splanchnapophyses</b></plw> (#). [NL. See
<u>Splanchnic</u>, and <u>Apophysis</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Any
element of the skeleton in relation with the alimentary canal, as the
jaws and hyoidean apparatus.</def> -- <wf>Splanch`nap`o*phys"i*al</wf>
(#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  <i> Mivart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Splanch"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; an
entrail.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the viscera;
visceral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splanch*nog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; an entrail + <i>-graphy</i>.]
<def>Splanchnology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splanch*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; an entrail + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>That part of anatomy
which treats of the viscera; also, a treatise on the
viscera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splanch"no*pleure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; an entrail + &?;&?;&?;&?; side.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
inner, or visceral, one of the two lamell&aelig; into which the
vertebrate blastoderm divides on either side of the notochord, and
from which the walls of the enteric canal and the umbilical vesicle
are developed. See <u>Somatopleure</u>.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Splanch`no*pleu"ric</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Splanch`no-skel"e*ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; an entrail + E. <i>skeleton</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>That part of the skeleton connected with the sense organs and the
viscera.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Splanch*not"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; an entrail + &?;&?;&?;&?; to cut.] <def>The
dissection, or anatomy, of the viscera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splan"drel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Spandrel</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Splash</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Splashed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Splashing</u>.] [Akin to <i>plash</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
strike and dash about, as water, mud, etc.; to plash.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To spatter water, mud, etc., upon; to
wet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splash</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To strike and dash
about water, mud, etc.; to dash in such a way as to spatter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splash</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Water, or water and dirt, thrown upon anything, or thrown from a
puddle or the like; also, a spot or daub, as of matter which wets or
disfigures.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A noise made by striking upon or in a
liquid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splash"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A guard in
the front part of vehicle, to prevent splashing by a mud or water from
the horse's heels; -- in the United States commonly called
<i>dashboard</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splash"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, splashes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the guarde over the wheels, as of a
carriage, locomotive, etc.</def>  <i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A guard to keep off splashes from
anything.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splash"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of dirty
water; wet and muddy, so as be easily splashed about;
slushy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splat"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. & t.</i></pos> <def>To
spatter; to splash.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splat"ter*dash`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n .</i></pos>
<def>Uproar.</def>  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Splay</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Abbrev. of
<i>display</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To display; to spread.</def>
[Obs.] "Our ensigns <i>splayed</i>."  <i>Gascoigne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dislocate, as a shoulder bone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To spay; to castrate.</def> [Obs. or Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To turn on one side; to render oblique; to
slope or slant, as the side of a door, window, etc.</def>  <i>Oxf.
Gloss.</i></p>

<p><hw>Splay</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Displayed; spread out;
turned outward; hence, flat; ungainly; as, <i>splay</i>
shoulders.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sonwthing <i>splay</i>, something blunt-edged, unhandy,
and infelicitous.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Splay</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A slope or
bevel, especially of the sides of a door or window, by which the
opening is made larged at one face of the wall than at the other, or
larger at each of the faces than it is between them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splay"foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Splayfeet</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A foot that is abnormally
flattened and spread out; flat foot.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Splay"foot`</hw>, <hw>Splay"foot`ed</hw>  }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a splayfoot or splayfeet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splay"mouth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Splaymouths</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A wide mouth; a mouth
stretched in derision.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Splay`mouthed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
splaymouth.</def>  <i>T. Brown.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spleen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>splen</i>, Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; the milt or spleen, affection of the spleen; cf. L.
<i>lien</i>, <i>plihan</i>, <i>pl&imacr;han</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A peculiar glandlike but ductless organ found near
the stomach or intestine of most vertebrates and connected with the
vascular system; the milt. Its exact function in not known.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anger; latent spite; ill humor; malice; as,
to vent one's <i>spleen</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In noble minds some dregs remain,<BR>
Not yet purged off, of <i>spleen</i> and sour disdain.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A fit of anger; choler.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A sudden motion or action; a fit; a freak;
a whim.</def> [Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A thousand <i>spleens</i> bear her a thousand
ways.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Melancholy; hypochondriacal
affections.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bodies changed to various forms by
<i>spleen</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a luxury in self-dispraise:<BR>
And inward self-disparagement affords<BR>
To meditative <i>spleen</i> a grateful feast.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A fit of immoderate laughter or
merriment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thy silly thought enforces my
<i>spleen</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spleen</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To dislke.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hacket.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spleened</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Deprived of the spleen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Angered; annoyed.</def> [Obs.]  <i>R.
North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spleen"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Displaying, or
affected with, spleen; angry; fretful; melancholy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Myself have calmed their <i>spleenful</i>
mutiny.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then rode Geraint, a little <i>spleenful</i> yet,<BR>
Across the bridge that spann'd the dry ravine.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spleen"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Spleeny; affected
with spleen; fretful.</def> -- <wf>Spleen"ish*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Spleen"ish*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spleen"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no spleen;
hence, kind; gentle; mild.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spleen"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spleen</i> +
<i>wort</i>; cf. L. <i>splenium</i>, <i>asplenium</i>, Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;. ] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any fern
of the genus <i>Asplenium</i>, some species of which were anciently
used as remedies for disorders of the spleen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spleen"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Irritable; peevish; fretful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Spleeny</i> Lutheran, and not wholesome to<BR>
Our cause.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affected with nervous complaints;
melancholy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spleg"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Pledget</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A cloth dipped in a liquid for washing a
sore.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sple*nal"gi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?; spleen + &?;&?;&?; pain.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pain over the
region of the spleen.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Splen"cu*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Splenculi</b></plw> (#). [NL., dim. of L. <i>splen</i>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A lienculus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splen"dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>splendens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>splendere</i> to shine.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Shining; glossy; beaming with light; lustrous;
as, <i>splendent</i> planets; <i>splendent</i> metals. See the Note
under 3d <u>Luster</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Very conspicuous; illustrious.</def> "Great
and <i>splendent</i> fortunes."  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Splen"did</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>splendidus</i>,
fr. <i>splendere</i> shine; cf. Lith. <i>splend&euml;ti</i>: cf. F.
<i>splendide</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Possessing or displaying
splendor; shining; very bright; as, a <i>splendid</i> sun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Showy; magnificent; sumptuous; pompous; as,
a <i>splendid</i> palace; a <i>splendid</i> procession or
pageant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Illustrious; heroic; brilliant; celebrated;
famous; as, a <i>splendid</i> victory or reputation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splen*did"i*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Splendid.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Splen"did*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
splendid manner; magnificently.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splen"did*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being splendid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splen"did*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Splendid.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Splen*dif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Splendor-
bearing; splendid.</def> <i>Bale (1538).</i> "A <i>splendiferous</i>
woman." <i>Haliburton.</i> [Now used humorously.]</p>

<p><hw>Splen"dor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[L. fr.
<i>splendere</i> to shine: cf. F. <i>splendeur</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Great brightness; brilliant luster;
brilliancy; as, the <i>splendor</i> ot the sun.</def>  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Magnifience; pomp; parade; as, the
<i>splendor</i> of equipage, ceremonies, processions, and the
like.</def> "Rejoice in <i>splendor</i> of mine own."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Brilliancy; glory; as, the <i>splendor</i>
of a victory.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Luster; brilliancy; magnifience; gorgeousness;
display; showiness; pomp; parade; grandeur.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Splen"drous</hw> (?), <hw>Splen"dor*ous</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Splendid.</def>  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Splen"e*tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spleneticus</i>: cf. F. <i>spl&eacute;n&eacute;tique</i>. See
<u>Spleen</u>.] <def>Affected with spleen; malicious; spiteful;
peevish; fretful.</def> "<i>Splenetic</i> guffaw."  <i>G.
Eliot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You humor me when I am sick;<BR>
Why not when I am <i>splenetic</i>?</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Morese; gloomy; sullen; peevish; fretful.</p>

<p><hw>Splen"e*tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person affected
with spleen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sple*net"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Splenetic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sple*net"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
splenetical manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sple"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>splenium</i> a
plaster, a patch, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; a bandage.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Designating the splenial bone.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to the splenial bone or
splenius muscle.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Splenial bone</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a thin
splintlike bone on the inner side of the proximal portion of the
mandible of many vertebrates.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sple"ni*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
splenial bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>splenicus</i>,
Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;; cf. F. <i>spl&eacute;nique</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the spleen; lienal; as, the <i>splenic</i>
vein.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Splenic apoplexy</b></col> or <col><b>fever</b></col>.
<i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See <u>Anthrax</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
3.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Splen"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Splenic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splen"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Spleenish.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sple*ni"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; of the spleen.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the
spleen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splen"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Splenetic.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Even and smooth as seemed the temperament of the
nonchalant, languid Virginian -- not <i>splenitive</i> or
rash.</blockquote> <i>T. N. Page.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sple"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[L., a plaster, a
patch, from Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; a bandage, compress.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The thickened posterior border of the corpus callosum; -- so
called in allusion to its shape.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sple"ni*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A flat muscle of the back of the neck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splen`i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A morbid state of the lung produced by inflammation, in which its
tissue resembles that of the spleen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splen"o*cele</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;
spleen + &?;&?;&?; a tumor.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Hernia formed by the
spleen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sple*nog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
spleen + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>A description of the spleen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sple"noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[Gr. &?;&?;&?; spleeen
+ <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Resembling the spleen;
spleenlike.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sple*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
spleen + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The branch of science which treats of the
spleen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sple*not"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
spleen + &?;&?;&?; to cut.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Dissection or anatomy of the spleen.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>An incision into the spleen; removal of the spleen
by incision.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>See <u>Splent</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>See <i>Splent coal</i>, below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Splent coal</b></col>, <cd>an inferior kind of cannel coal
from Scotch collieries; -- called also <i>splent</i>, <i>splint</i>,
and <i>splint coal</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spleu"chan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael.
<i>spliuchan</i>.] <def>A pouch, as for tobacco.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Sir
W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Splice</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spliced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Splicing</u> (?).] [D. <i>splitsen</i>, <i>splitten</i>; akin to G.
<i>splissen</i>, Sw. <i>splissa</i>, Dan. <i>splisse</i>, and E.
<i>split</i>; -- from the dividing or splitting the ends into separate
strands. See <u>Split</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To unite, as two ropes, or parts of a rope, by a particular
manner of interweaving the strands, -- the union being between two
ends, or between an end and the body of a rope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To unite, as spars, timbers, rails, etc.,
by lapping the two ends together, or by applying a piece which laps
upon the two ends, and then binding, or in any way making
fast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To unite in marrige.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>Splice grafting</b></col>.<cd>ee under
<u>Grafting</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To splice the main brace</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to give out, or drink, an extra allowance of
spirits on occasion of special exposure to wet or cold, or to severe
fatigue; hence, to take a dram.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Splice</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A junction or joining
made by splicing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spline</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
rectangular piece fitting grooves like key seats in a hub and a shaft,
so that while the one may slide endwise on the other, both must
revolve together; a feather; also, sometimes, a groove to receive such
a rectangular piece.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A long, flexble piece of wood sometimes
used as a ruler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splin"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
spline.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Splining machine</b></col>, <cd>a machine tool for cutting
grooves, key seats, or slots; a slotting machine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Splint</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to D.
<i>splinter</i>,G. <i>splinter</i>, <i>splitter</i>, Dan.
<i>splint</i>, Sw. <i>splint</i> a kind of spike, a forelock (in
nautical use), Sw. <i>splinta</i>to splint, splinter, Dan.
<i>splinte</i>, and E. <i>split</i>. See <u>Split</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Splent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piece
split off; a splinter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A thin piece of wood, or
other substance, used to keep in place, or protect, an injured part,
especially a broken bone when set.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A splint bone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A disease affecting the
splint bones, as a callosity or hard excrescence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Anc. Armor.)</i> <def>One of the small
plates of metal used in making splint armor. See <i>Splint armor</i>,
below.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The knees and feet were defended by <i>splints</i>, or
thin plates of steel.</blockquote> <i>Sir. W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Splint, or splent, coal. See <i>Splent
coal</i>, under <u>Splent</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Splint armor</b></col>,<cd>a kind of ancient armor formed
of thin plates of metal, usually overlapping each other and allowing
the limbs to move freely.</cd> -- <col><b>Splint bone</b></col>
<i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>one of the rudimentary, splintlike metacarpal or
metatarsal bones on either side of the cannon bone in the limbs of the
horse and allied animals.</cd> -- <col><b>Splint coal</b></col>.
<cd>See <i>Splent coal</i>, under <u>Splent</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Splint</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Splinted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Splinting</u>.] <def>To split into splints, or thin, slender
pieces; to splinter; to shiver.</def> [Obs. or R.]  <i>Florio.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fasten or confine with splints, as a
broken limb. See <u>Splint</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Splin"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Splintered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Splintering</u>.] [Cf. LG. <i>splittern</i>, <i>splinteren</i>. See
<u>Splint</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Split</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To split or rend into long, thin pieces; to shiver; as, the
lightning <i>splinters</i> a tree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After <i>splintering</i> their lances, they wheeled
about, and . . . abandoned the field to the enemy.</blockquote>
<i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fasten or confine with splinters, or
splints, as a broken limb.</def>  <i>Bp. Wren.</i></p>

<p><hw>Splin"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become split
into long pieces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splin"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Splinter</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>, or <u>Splint</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A
thin piece split or rent off lengthwise, as from wood, bone, or other
solid substance; a thin piece; a sliver; as, <i>splinters</i> of a
ship's mast rent off by a shot.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1390 !></p>

<p><col><b>Splinter bar</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A crossbar
in a coach, which supports the springs</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>The bar to which the traces are attached; a roller bolt; a
whiffletree.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Splin"ter*proof`</hw> (spl&ibreve;n"t&etilde;r*pr&oomac;f`),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>Proof against the splinters,
or fragments, of bursting shells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splin"ter*y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Consisting of splinters; resembling splinters; as, the
<i>splintery</i> fracture of a mineral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Split</hw> (spl&ibreve;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> <u>Split</u> (<u>Splitted</u>, R.);
<pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Splitting</u>.] [Probably of
Scand. or Low german origin; cf. Dan. <i>splitte</i>, LG.
<i>splitten</i>, OD. <i>splitten</i>, <i>spletten</i>, D.
<i>splijten</i>, G. <i>spleissen</i>, MHG. <i>spl&imacr;zen</i>.  Cf.
<u>Splice</u>, <u>Splint</u>, <u>Splinter</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To divide lengthwise; to separate from end to end, esp. by force;
to divide in the direction of the grain layers; to rive; to cleave;
as, to <i>split</i> a piece of timber or a board; to <i>split</i> a
gem; to <i>split</i> a sheepskin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cold winter <i>split</i> the rocks in
twain.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To burst; to rupture; to rend; to tear
asunder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A huge vessel of exceeding hard marble <i>split</i>
asunder by congealed water.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To divide or break up into parts or
divisions, as by discord; to separate into parts or parties, as a
political party; to disunite.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To divide or separate into
components; -- often used with <i>up</i>; as, to <i>split</i> up sugar
into alcohol and carbonic acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To split hairs</b></col>, <cd>to make distinctions of
useless nicety.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Split</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
part asunder; to be rent; to burst; as, vessels <i>split</i> by the
freezing of water in them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be broken; to be dashed to
pieces.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ship <i>splits</i> on the rock.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To separate into parties or factions.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To burst with laughter.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Each had a gravity would make you
<i>split</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To divulge a secret; to betray confidence;
to peach.</def> [Slang]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Blackjack)</i> <def>to divide one hand of
blackjack into two hands, allowed when the first two cards dealt to a
player have the same value.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To split on a rock</b></col>, <cd>to err fatally; to have
the hopes and designs frustrated.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Split</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A crack, or longitudinal
fissure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A breach or separation, as in a political
party; a division.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A piece that is split off, or made thin, by
splitting; a splinter; a fragment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Specif <i>(Leather Manuf.)</i>, one of the
sections of a skin made by dividing it into two or more
thicknesses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Faro)</i> <def>A division of a stake
happening when two cards of the kind on which the stake is laid are
dealt in the same turn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Finance)</i> <def>the substitution of more
than one share of a corporation's stock for one share.  The market
price of the stock usually drops in proportion to the increase in
outstanding shares of stock. The <i>split</i> may be in any ratio, as
a two-for-one <i>split</i>; a three-for-two <i>split</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Blackjack)</i> <def>the division by a player
of one hand of blackjack into two hands, allowed when the first two
cards dealt to a player have the same value; the player is usually
obliged to increase the amount wagered by placing a sum equal to the
original bet on the new hand thus created.</def></p>

<p><hw>Split</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Divided; cleft.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Divided deeply;
cleft.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Split pease</b></col>, <cd>hulled pease split for making
soup, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Split pin</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a
pin with one end split so that it may be spread open to secure it in
its place.</cd> -- <col><b>Split pulley</b></col>, <cd>a parting
pulley. See under <u>Pulley</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Split ring</b></col>,
<cd>a ring with overlapped or interlocked ends which may be sprung
apart so that objects, as keys, may be strung upon the ring or removed
from it.</cd> -- <col><b>Split ticket</b></col>, <cd>a ballot
containing the names of only a portion of the candidates regularly
nominated by one party, other names being substituted for those
omitted.</cd> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Split"feet`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Fissipedia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Split"-tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A california market fish (<i>Pogonichthys
macrolepidotus</i>) belonging to the Carp family.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The pintail duck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Split"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, splits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Split"-tongued`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a forked tongue, as that of snakes and
some lizards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splotch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Splash</u>.]
<def>A spot; a stain; a daub.</def>  <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Splotch"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered or marked
with splotches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splurge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A blustering
demonstration, or great effort; a great display.</def> [Slang, U.S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Splurge</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a great
display in any way, especially in oratory.</def> [Slang, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Splut"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spluttered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spluttering</u>.] [Prov. E. <i>splutter</i>, eqivalent to
<i>sputter</i>.  Cf. <u>Sputter</u>.] <def>To speak hastily and
confusedly; to sputter.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Carleton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Splut"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A confused noise, as
of hasty speaking.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Splut"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
splutters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spod"o*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>spodo`s</grk> ashes + <i>-mancy</i>.] <def>Divination by means of
ashes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spod`o*man"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
spodomancy, or divination by means of ashes.</def>  <i>C.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spod"u*mene</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, p.
pr. pass. from &?; to burn to ashes, from <grk>spodo`s</grk> ashes;
cf. F. <i>spodum&egrave;ne</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of a
white to yellowish, purplish, or emerald-green color, occuring in
prismatic crystals, often of great size. It is a silicate of aluminia
and lithia. See <u>Hiddenite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spof"fish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [probably from Prov.
E. <i>spoffle</i> to be spoffish.] <def>Earnest and active in matters
of no moment; bustling.</def> [Colloq. Eng.]  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spoil</hw> (?) (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Spoiled</u> (#) or <u>Spoilt</u> (#); <pos><i>p.
pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Spoiling</u>.] [F. <i>spolier</i>, OF.
<i>espoilelier</i>, fr. L. <i>spoliare</i>, fr. <i>spolium</i> spoil.
Cf. <u>Despoil</u>, <u>Spoliation</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
plunder; to strip by violence; to pillage; to rob; -- with <i>of</i>
before the name of the thing taken; as, to <i>spoil</i> one of his
goods or possession.</def> "Ye shall <i>spoil</i> the Egyptians."
<i>Ex. iii. 22.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My sons their old, unhappy sire despise,<BR>
<i>Spoiled</i> of his kingdom, and deprived of eues.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To seize by violence;; to take by force; to
plunder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No man can enter into a strong man's house, and
<i>spoil</i> his goods, except he will first bind the strong
man.</blockquote> <i>Mark iii. 27.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to decay and perish; to corrput;
to vitiate; to mar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Spiritual pride <i>spoils</i> many graces.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To render useless by injury; to injure
fatally; to ruin; to destroy; as, to <i>spoil</i> paper; to have the
crops <i>spoiled</i> by insects; to <i>spoil</i> the eyes by
reading.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoil</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To practice plunder or robbery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Outlaws, which, lurking in woods, used to break forth
to rob and <i>spoil</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lose the valuable qualities; to be
corrupted; to decay; as, fruit will soon <i>spoil</i> in warm
weather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoil</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>espoille</i>, L.
<i>spolium</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is taken from
another by violence; especially, the plunder taken from an enemy;
pillage; booty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gentle gales,<BR>
Fanning their odoriferous wings, dispense<BR>
Native perfumes, and whisper whence they stole<BR>
Those balmy <i>spoils</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Public offices and their emoluments
regarded as the peculiar property of a successful party or faction, to
be bestowed for its own advantage; -- commonly in the plural; as to
the victor belong the <i>spoils</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From a principle of gratitude I adhered to the
coalition; my vote was counted in the day of battle, but I was
overlooked in the division of the <i>spoil</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Gibbon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is gained by strength or
effort.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>each science and each art his
<i>spoil</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act or practice of plundering; robbery;
aste.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The man that hath no music in himself,<BR>
Nor is not moved with concord of sweet sounds,<BR>
Is fit for treason, stratagems, and <i>spoil</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Corruption; cause of corruption.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Villainous company hath been the <i>spoil</i> of
me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The slough, or cast skin, of a serpent or
other animal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Spoil bank</b></col>, <cd>a bank formed by the earth taken
from an excavation, as of a canal.</cd> -- <col><b>The spoils
system</b></col>, <cd>the theory or practice of regarding public and
their emoluments as so much plunder to be distributed among their
active partisans by those who are chosen to responsible offices of
administration.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spoil"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being spoiled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoil"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who spoils; a plunderer; a pillager; a robber; a
despoiler.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who corrupts, mars, or renders
useless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoil"five`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A certain game
at cards in which, if no player wins three of the five tricks possible
on any deal, the game is said to be <i>spoiled</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoil"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wasteful;
rapacious.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><hw>Spoils"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spoilsmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who serves a cause or a
party for a share of the spoils; in United States politics, one who
makes or recognizes a demand for public office on the ground of
partisan service; also, one who sanctions such a policy in
appointments to the public service.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoils"mon`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
promises or distributes public offices and their emoluments as the
price of services to a party or its leaders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoke</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Speak</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoke</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>spoke</i>,
<i>spake</i>, AS, <i>sp&amacr;ca</i>; akin to D. <i>speek</i>, LG.
<i>speke</i>, OHG. <i>speihha</i>, G. <i>speiche</i>. &radic;170.  Cf.
<u>Spike</u> a nail.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The radius or ray of a
wheel; one of the small bars which are inserted in the hub, or nave,
and which serve to support the rim or felly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A projecting handle of a
steering wheel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A rung, or round, of a ladder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A contrivance for fastening the wheel of a
vehicle, to prevent it from turning in going down a hill.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To put a spoke in one's wheel</b></col>, <cd>to thwart or
obstruct one in the execution of some design.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spoke</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spoked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spoking</u>.] <def>To furnish with spokes, as a wheel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo"ken</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [p. p. of <u>Speak</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Uttered in speech; delivered by word of mouth;
oral; as, a <i>spoken</i> narrative; the <i>spoken</i> word.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by a certain manner or style
in speaking; -- often in composition; as, a pleasant-<i>spoken</i>
man.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Methinks you 're better <i>spoken</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spoke"shave`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
drawing knife or planing tool for dressing the spokes of wheels, the
shells of blocks, and other curved work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spokes"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spokesmen</b></plw> (#). [<i>Speak</i>, <i>spoke</i> +
<i>man</i>.] <def>One who speaks for another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He shall be thy <i>spokesman</i> unto the
people.</blockquote> <i>Ex. iv. 16.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spo"li*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Spoliated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Spoliating</u> (?).] [L. <i>spoliatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>spoliare</i> spoil. See <u>Spoil</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>To plunder; to pillage; to despoil; to rob.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo`li*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spoliatio</i>; cf. F. <i>spoliation</i>. See <u>Spoil</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
plundering; robbery; deprivation; despoliation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Legal <i>spoliation</i>, which will impoverish one part
of the community in order to corrupt the remainder.</blockquote>
<i>Sir G. C. Lewis.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Robbery or plunder in war; especially, the
authorized act or practice of plundering neutrals at sea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
act of an incumbent in taking the fruits of his benefice without
right, but under a pretended title.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A process for possession of a church in a
spiritual court.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Injury done to a
document.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo"li*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>spoliatif</i>.] <def>Serving to take away, diminish, or rob; esp.
<i>(Med.)</i>, serving to diminish sensibily the amount of blood in
the body; as, <i>spoliative</i> bloodletting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo"li*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
spoliates; a spoiler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo"li*a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
spoil; destructive; spoliative.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spon*da"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Spon*da"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>spondaicus</i>, <i>spondiacus</i>, Gr.
&?;: cf. F. <i>sponda&iuml;que</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Or of
pertaining to a spondee; consisting of spondees.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Containing spondees in excess; marked by
spondees; as, a <i>spondaic</i> hexameter, <i>i. e.</i>, one which has
a spondee instead of a dactyl in the fifth foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon"dee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spondeus</i>,
Gr. &?; (sc. &?;), fr. &?; a drink offering, libation, fr. &?; to pour
out, make a libation: cf. F. <i>spond&eacute;e</i>. So called because
at libations slow, solemn melodies were used, chiefly in this meter.]
<i>(pros.)</i> <def>A poetic foot of two long syllables, as in the
Latin word <i>l&emacr;g&emacr;s</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon*du"lics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Money.</def>
[Slang, U.S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spon"dyl</hw>, <hw>Spon"dyle</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spondylus</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;: cf. F.
<i>spondyle</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A joint of the backbone; a
vertebra.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spong</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>An irregular, narrow, projecting part of a field.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sponge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>esponge</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;ponge</i>, L. <i>spongia</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;.  Cf.
<u>Fungus</u>, <u>Spunk</u>.] [Formerly written also <i>spunge</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of Spongi&aelig;, or Porifera. See <i>Illust.</i> and Note
under <u>Spongi&aelig;</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The elastic fibrous skeleton of many
species of horny Spongi&aelig; (keratosa), used for many purposes,
especially the varieties of the genus <i>Spongia</i>. The most
valuable sponges are found in the Mediterranean and the Red Sea, and
on the coasts of Florida and the West Indies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> Fig.: <def>One who lives upon others; a
pertinaceous and indolent dependent; a parasite; a sponger.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any spongelike substance.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Dough before it is kneaded and
formed into loaves, and after it is converted into a light, spongy
mass by the agency of the yeast or leaven.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Iron from the puddling furnace, in a pasty condition.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Iron ore, in masses, reduced but not melted
or worked.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>A mop for cleaning the bore
of a cannon after a discharge. It consists of a cylinder of wood,
covered with sheepskin with the wool on, or cloth with a heavy looped
nap, and having a handle, or staff.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>The extremity, or point, of a
horseshoe, answering to the heel.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bath sponge</b></col>, <cd>any one of several varieties of
coarse commercial sponges, especially <i>Spongia equina</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Cup sponge</b></col>, <cd>a toilet sponge growing in a cup-
shaped form.</cd> -- <col><b>Glass sponge</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Glass-
sponge</u>, in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Glove sponge</b></col>,
<cd>a variety of commercial sponge (<i>Spongia officinalis</i>,
variety <i>tubulufera</i>), having very fine fibers, native of
Florida, and the West Indies.</cd> -- <col><b>Grass sponge</b></col>,
<cd>any one of several varieties of coarse commercial sponges having
the surface irregularly tufted, as <i>Spongia graminea</i>, and <i>S.
equina</i>, variety <i>cerebriformis</i>, of Florida and the West
Indies.</cd> -- <col><b>Horse sponge</b></col>, <cd>a coarse
commercial sponge, especially <i>Spongia equina</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Platinum sponge</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Platinum</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pyrotechnical sponge</b></col>, <cd>a
substance made of mushrooms or fungi, which are boiled in water,
dried, and beaten, then put in a strong lye prepared with saltpeter,
and again dried in an oven. This makes the black match, or tinder,
brought from Germany.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheep's-wool sponge</b></col>,
<cd>a fine and durable commercial sponge (<i>Spongia equina</i>,
variety <i>gossypina</i>) found in Florida and the West Indies. The
surface is covered with larger and smaller tufts, having the oscula
between them.</cd> -- <col><b>Sponge cake</b></col>, <cd>a kind of
sweet cake which is light and spongy.</cd> -- <col><b>Sponge
lead</b></col>, or <col><b>Spongy lead</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>metallic lead brought to a spongy form by reduction of lead salts,
or by compressing finely divided lead; -- used in secondary batteries
and otherwise.</cd> -- <col><b>Sponge tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a tropical leguminous tree (<i>Acacia Farnesiana</i>), with
deliciously fragrant flowers, which are used in perfumery.</cd> --
<col><b>Toilet sponge</b></col>, <cd>a very fine and superior variety
of Mediterranean sponge (<i>Spongia officinalis</i>, variety
<i>Mediterranea</i>); -- called also <i>turkish sponge</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>To set a sponge</b></col> <i>(Cookery)</i>, <cd>to leaven a
small mass of flour, to be used in leavening a larger quantity.</cd> -
- <col><b>To throw up the sponge</b></col>, <cd>to give up a contest;
to acknowledge defeat; -- from a custom of the prize ring, the person
employed to sponge a pugilist between rounds throwing his sponge in
the air in token of defeat.</cd> [Cant or Slang] "He was too brave a
man <i>to throw up the sponge</i> to fate." <i>Lowell.</i> --
<col><b>Vegetable sponge</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Loof</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Velvet sponge</b></col>, <cd>a fine, soft
commercial sponge (<i>Spongia equina</i>, variety
<i>meandriniformis</i>) found in Florida and the West Indies.</cd> --
<col><b>Vitreous sponge</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Glass-sponge</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Yellow sponge</b></col>, <cd>a common and valuable
commercial sponge (<i>Spongia agaricina</i>, variety <i>corlosia</i>)
found in Florida and the West Indies.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sponge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sponged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sponging</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cleanse or wipe with
a sponge; as, to <i>sponge</i> a slate or a cannon; to wet with a
sponge; as, to <i>sponge</i> cloth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wipe out with a sponge, as letters or
writing; to efface; to destroy all trace of.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To deprive of something by
imposition.</def> "How came such multitudes of our nation . . . to be
<i>sponged</i> of their plate and their money?"  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To get by imposition or mean arts
without cost; as, to <i>sponge</i> a breakfast.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sponge</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
suck in, or imbile, as a sponge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To gain by mean arts, by intrusion,
or hanging on; as, an idler <i>sponges</i> on his neighbor.</def>
<i>E. Eggleston.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The fly is an intruder, and a common smell-feast, that
<i>sponges</i> upon other people's trenchers.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be converted, as dough, into a light,
spongy mass by the agency of yeast, or leaven.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sponge"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Spongiole</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon"geous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Spongious</u>.] <def>Resembling sponge; having the nature or
qualities of sponge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who sponges, or uses a sponge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One employed in gathering
sponges.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A parasitical dependent; a hanger-
on.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1391 !></p>

<p><hw>||Spon"gi*&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sponge</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The grand division of the
animal kingdom which includes the sponges; -- called also
<i>Spongida</i>, <i>Spongiaria</i>, <i>Spongiozoa</i>, and
<i>Porifera</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the Spongi&aelig;, the soft sarcode of the body is
usually supported by a skeleton consisting of horny fibers, or of
silleceous or calcareous spicules. The common sponges contain larger
and smaller cavities and canals, and numerous small ampull&aelig;
which which are lined with ciliated cells capable of taking in solid
food. The outer surface usually has minute pores through which water
enters, and large openings for its exit. Sponges produce eggs and
spermatozoa, and the egg when fertilized undergoes segmentation to
form a ciliated embryo.</p>

<p><hw>||Spon"gi*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<def>Spongi&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon"gi*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a
sponge; soft and porous; porous.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spon*gil"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., dim. of
<i>spongia</i> a sponge.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
siliceous spongea found in fresh water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon"gin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>
<def>The chemical basis of sponge tissue, a nitrogenous, hornlike
substance which on decomposition with sulphuric acid yields leucin and
glycocoll.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon"gi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being spongy.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spon"ging</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Sponge</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Sponging house</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>a bailiff's
or other house in which debtors are put before being taken to jail, or
until they compromise with their creditors. At these houses
extortionate charges are commonly made for food, lodging,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spon"gi*ole</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spongiola</i> a rose gall, small roots, dim. of <i>spongia</i>: cf.
F. <i>spongiole</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A supposed spongelike
expansion of the tip of a rootlet for absorbing water; -- called also
<i>spongelet</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon"gi*o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; sponge +
<i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>One of the microsporic siliceous
spicules which occur abundantly in the texture of sponges, and are
sometimes found fossil, as in flints.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon`gi*o*pi"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, dim.
of &?; a sponge + &?; felt.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A kind of cloth
interwoven with small pieces of sponge and rendered waterproof on one
side by a covering of rubber. When moistend with hot water it is used
as a poultice.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spon"gi*ose`</hw> (?), <hw>Spon"gi*ous</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>spongious</i>, <i>spongeosus</i>: cf. F.
<i>spongieux</i>. See <u>Sponge</u>.] <def>Somewhat spongy;
spongelike; full of small cavities like sponge; as, <i>spongious</i>
bones.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spon`gi*o*zo"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., Gr.
&?; sponge + &?; an animal.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Spongl&aelig;</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon"go*blast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; sponge +
<i>-blast</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the cells which, in
sponges, secrete the spongin, or the material of the horny
fibers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon"goid</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; sponge +
<i>-oid</i>.] <def>Resembling sponge; like sponge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Soft, and full of cavities; of an open, loose, pliable texture;
as, a <i>spongy</i> excrescence; <i>spongy</i> earth; <i>spongy</i>
cake; <i>spongy</i> bones.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wet; drenched; soaked and soft, like
sponge; rainy.</def> "<i>Spongy</i> April."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having the quality of imbibing fluids, like
a sponge.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spongy lead</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>sponge lead. See
under <u>Sponge</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spongy platinum</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Platinum</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sponk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Spunk</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sponsalis</i>,
fr. <i>sponsus</i> a betrothal, fr. <i>spondere</i>, <i>sponsum</i>,
to betroth. See <u>Spouse</u>, and cf. <u>Esousal</u>,
<u>Spousal</u>.] <def>Relating to marriage, or to a spouse;
spousal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Abbrev. from
<i>responsible</i>.] <def>responsible; worthy of credit.</def> [Prov.
Eng. & Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Spon"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sonsio</i>, fr.
<i>spondere</i>, <i>sponsum</i>, to promise solemnly.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of becoming surety for
another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Internat. Law)</i> <def>An act or engagement
on behalf of a state, by an agent not specially authorized for the
purpose, or by one who exceeds the limits of authority.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon"sion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a pledge or agreement; responsible.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He is righteous even in that representative and
<i>sponsional</i> person he put on.</blockquote> <i>Abp.
Leighton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spon"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the triangular platforms in front of,
and abaft, the paddle boxes of a steamboat.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>One of the slanting supports under the guards of a
steamboat.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>One of the armored
projections fitted with gun ports, used on modern war
vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon"sor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from
<i>spondere</i>, <i>sponsum</i>, to engage one's self. See
<u>Spose</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who binds himself to answer
for another, and is responsible for his default; a surety.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who at the baptism of an infant
professes the Christian faith in its name, and guarantees its
religious education; a godfather or godmother.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon*so"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
a sponsor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon"sor*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
being a sponsor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon`ta*ne"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spontaneities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F.
<i>spontan&eacute;it&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality
or state of being spontaneous, or acting from native feeling,
proneness, or temperament, without constraint or external
force.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Romney Leigh, who lives by diagrams,<BR>
And crosses not the <i>spontaneities</i><BR>
Of all his individual, personal life<BR>
With formal universals.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
tendency to undergo change, characteristic of both animal and
vegetable organisms, and not restrained or cheked by the
environment.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The tendency to activity
of muscular tissue, including the voluntary muscles, when in a state
of healthful vigor and refreshment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon*ta"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spontaneus</i>, fr. <i>sponte</i> of free will, voluntarily.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Proceding from natural feeling, temperament,
or disposition, or from a native internal proneness, readiness, or
tendency, without constraint; as, a <i>spontaneous</i> gift or
proportion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding from, or acting by, internal
impulse, energy, or natural law, without external force; as,
<i>spontaneous</i> motion; <i>spontaneous</i> growth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Produced without being planted, or without
human labor; as, a <i>spontaneous</i> growth of wood.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spontaneous combustion</b></col>, <cd>combustion produced
in a substance by the evolution of heat through the chemical action of
its own elements; as, the <i>spontaneous combustion</i> of waste
matter saturated with oil.</cd> -- <col><b>Spontaneous
generation</b></col>. <i>(Biol.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Generation</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Voluntary; uncompelled; willing.  --
<u>Spontaneous</u>, <u>Voluntary</u>. What is <i>voluntary</i> is the
result of a <i>volition</i>, or act of choice; it therefore implies
some degree of consideration, and may be the result of mere reason
without excited feeling. What is <i>spontaneous</i> springs wholly
from feeling, or a sudden impulse which admits of no reflection; as, a
<i>spontaneous</i> burst of applause. Hence, the term is also applied
to things inanimate when they are produced without the determinate
purpose or care of man. "Abstinence which is but <i>voluntary</i>
fasting, and . . . exercise which is but <i>voluntary</i> labor."
<i>J. Seed.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Spontaneous</i> joys, where nature has its play,<BR>
The soul adopts, and owns their firstborn away.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i>
</p>

<p>-- <wf>Spon*ta"ne*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Spon*ta"ne*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spon*toon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sponton</i>,
<i>esponton</i>, it. <i>spontone</i>, <i>spuntone</i>.] <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>A kind of half-pike, or halberd, formerly borne by inferior
officers of the British infantry, and used in giving signals to the
soldiers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spook</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>spook</i>; akin to
G. <i>spuk</i>, Sw. <i>sp&ouml;ke</i>, Dan. <i>sp&ouml;gelse</i> a
specter, <i>sp&ouml;ge</i> to play, sport, joke, <i>sp&ouml;g</i> a
play, joke.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A spirit; a ghost; an apparition;
a hobgoblin.</def> [Written also <i>spuke</i>.]  <i>Ld.
Lytton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
chim&aelig;ra.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spool</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>spole</i>, OD.
<i>spoele</i>, D. <i>spoel</i>; akin to G. <i>spule</i>, <i>OHG</i>.
<i>spuola</i>, Dan. & Sw. <i>spole</i>.] <def>A piece of cane or red
with a knot at each end, or a hollow cylinder of wood with a ridge at
each end, used to wind thread or yarn upon.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spool stand</b></col>, <cd>an article holding spools of
thread, turning on pins, -- used by women at their work.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spool</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spooled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spooling</u>.] <def>To wind on a spool or spools.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spool"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, spools.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoom</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Probably fr.
<i>spum</i> foam. See <u>Spume</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To be driven
steadily and swiftly, as before a strong wind; to be driven before the
wind without any sail, or with only a part of the sails spread; to
scud under bare poles.</def> [Written also <i>spoon</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When virtue <i>spooms</i> before a prosperous gale,<BR>
My heaving wishes help to fill the sail.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spoon</hw> (sp&oomac;n), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>See <u>Spoom</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We might have <i>spooned</i> before the wind as well as
they.</blockquote> <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spoon</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>spon</i>, AS.
<i>sp&omacr;n</i>, a chip; akin to D. <i>spaan</i>, G. <i>span</i>,
Dan. <i>spaan</i>, Sw. <i>sp&aring;n</i>, Icel. <i>sp&aacute;nn</i>,
<i>sp&oacute;nn</i>, a chip, a spoon. &radic;170.  Cf. <u>Span-
new</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An implement consisting of a small
bowl (usually a shallow oval) with a handle, used especially in
preparing or eating food.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"Therefore behoveth him a full long <i>spoon</i><BR>
That shall eat with a fiend," thus heard I say.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He must have a long <i>spoon</i> that must eat with the
devil.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything which resembles a spoon in shape;
esp. <i>(Fishing)</i>, a spoon bait.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A simpleton; a spooney.</def> [Slang]
<i>Hood.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Spoon bait</b></col> <i>(Fishing)</i>, <cd>a lure used in
trolling, consisting of a glistening metallic plate shaped like the
bowl of a spoon with a fishhook attached.</cd> -- <col><b>Spoon
bit</b></col>, <cd>a bit for boring, hollowed or furrowed along one
side.</cd> -- <col><b>Spoon net</b></col>, <cd>a net for landing
fish.</cd> -- <col><b>Spoon oar</b></col>. <cd>see under
<u>Oar</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spoon</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To take up in, or as
in, a spoon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoon</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act with
demonstrative or foolish fondness, as one in love.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Spoon"bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any one of several species of wading birds of
the genera <i>Ajaja</i> and <i>Platalea</i>, and allied genera, in
which the long bill is broadly expanded and flattened at the
tip.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The roseate spoonbill of America (<i>Ajaja ajaja</i>), and
the European spoonbill (<i>Platalea leucorodia</i>) are the best
known. The royal spoonbill (<i>P. regia</i>) of Australia is white,
with the skin in front of the eyes naked and black. The male in the
breeding season has a fine crest.</p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The shoveler. See <u>Shoveler</u>,
2.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The ruddy duck. See under
<u>Ruddy</u>.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The paddlefish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoon"-billed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the bill expanded and spatulate at the
end.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoon"drift</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spoom</i> +
<i>drift</i>.] <def>Spray blown from the tops waves during a gale at
sea; also, snow driven in the wind at sea; -- written also
<i>spindrift</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoon"ey</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Weak-minded;
demonstratively fond; as, <i>spooney</i> lovers.</def> [Spelt also
<i>spoony.</i>] [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Spoon"ey</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spooneye</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A weak-minded or silly person;
one who is foolishly fond.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There is no doubt, whatever, that I was a lackadaisical
young <i>spooney</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spoon"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spoonfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quantity which a spoon contains, or is able to contain; as, a
tea<i>spoonful</i>; a table<i>spoonful</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a small quantity.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spoon"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a spoony
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoon"-meat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Food that is,
or must be, taken with a spoon; liquid food.</def> "Diet most upon
<i>spoon-meats</i>."  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spoon"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The mountain laurel (<i>Kalmia latifolia</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoon"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A gephyrean worm of the genus <i>Thalassema</i>, having a
spoonlike probiscis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoon"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Scurvy grass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoon"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Spooney</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>spoor</i>; akin to
AS. <i>spor</i>, G. <i>spur</i>, and from the root of E. <i>spur</i>.
&radic;171. See <u>Spur</u>.] <def>The track or trail of any wild
animal; as, the <i>spoor</i> of an elephant; -- used originally by
travelers in South Africa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoor</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To follow a spoor or
trail.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Spor"a*des</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>spora`des</grk>.  Cf. <u>Sporadic</u>.] <i>(Astron.)</i>
<def>Stars not included in any constellation; -- called also
<i>informed</i>, or <i>unformed</i>, stars.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo*ra"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sporadic.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Spo*rad"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; scattered,
fr. &?;, &?;, scattered, fr. &?; to sow seed, to scatter like seed:
cf. F. <i>sporadique</i>. See <u>Spore</u>.] <def>Occuring singly, or
apart from other things of the same kind, or in scattered instances;
separate; single; as, a <i>sporadic</i> fireball; a <i>sporadic</i>
case of disease; a <i>sporadic</i> example of a flower.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sporadic disease</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a disease
which occurs in single and scattered cases. See the Note under
<u>Endemic</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Spo*rad"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sporadic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo*rad"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
sporadic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo*ran"gi*o*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Sporangium</i> + Gr. &?; to bear.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The axis or
receptacle in certain ferns (as <i>Trichomanes</i>), which bears the
sporangia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spo*ran"gi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sporangia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a sowing, seed +
&?; a receptacle.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A spore case in the cryptogamous
plants, as in ferns, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a sowing, seed,
from &?; to sow.  Cf. <u>Sperm</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the minute grains in flowerless
plants, which are analogous to seeds, as serving to reproduce the
species.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Spores are produced differently in the different classes of
cryptogamous plants, and as regards their nature are often so unlike
that they have only their minuteness in common. The peculiar spores of
diatoms (called <i>auxospores</i>) increase in size, and at length
acquire a siliceous coating, thus becoming new diatoms of full size.
Compare <u>Macrospore</u>, <u>Microspore</u>, <u>O&ouml;spore</u>,
<u>Restingspore</u>, <u>Sph&aelig;rospore</u>, <u>Swarmspore</u>,
<u>Tetraspore</u>, <u>Zo&ouml;spore</u>, and <u>Zygospore</u>.</p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An embryo sac or embryonal vesicle in the
ovules of flowering plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A minute
grain or germ; a small, round or ovoid body, formed in certain
organisms, and by germination giving rise to a new organism; as, the
reproductive <i>spores</i> of bacteria, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>One of the parts formed by fission in certain Protozoa. See
<i>Spore formation</i>, belw.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spore formation</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Biol)</i> <cd>A mode of reproduction resembling multitude fission,
common among Protozoa, in which the organism breaks up into a number
of pieces, or spores, each of which eventually develops into an
organism like the parent form.</cd> <i>Balfour.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The formation of reproductive cells or spores,
as in the growth of bacilli.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spo"rid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
sporidium.</def>  <i>Lindley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spo`ri*dif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Sporidium</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing
sporidia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spo*rid"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sporidia</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Spore</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A secondary spore, or a filament produced
from a spore, in certain kinds of minute fungi.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A spore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo*rif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Spore</i> +
<i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Bearing or producing
spores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo`ri*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spore</i>
+ L. <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See <u>-fy</u>.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Spore formation. See <i>Spore formation</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>, under <u>Spore</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo"ro*carp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spore</i> + Gr.
&?; fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A closed body or
conceptacle containing one or more masses of spores or
sporangia.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A sporangium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo"ro*cyst</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; seed + &?;
bladder.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An asexual
zooid, usually forming one of a series of larval forms in the agamic
reproduction of various trematodes and other parasitic worms. The
sporocyst generally develops from an egg, but in its turn produces
other larv&aelig; by internal budding, or by the subdivision of a part
or all of its contents into a number of minute germs. See
<u>Redia</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any protozoan when it
becomes encysted produces germs by sporulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo`ro*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spore</i> +
<i>genesis</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>reproduction by spores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo*rog"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spore</i> +
root of Gr. &?; to be born.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The growth or
development of an animal or a zooid from a nonsexual germ.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo"ro*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spore</i> + Gr.
&?; to bear.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A placenta.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>That alternately produced form of certain
cryptogamous plants, as ferns, mosses, and the like, which is
nonsexual, but produces spores in countless numbers. In ferns it is
the leafy plant, in mosses the capsule.  Cf.
<u>O&ouml;phore</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo`ro*phor"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having the nature of a sporophore.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1392 !></p>

<p><hw>Spo"ro*sac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spore</i> + sac.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A hydrozoan reproductive
zooid or gonophore which does not become medusoid in form or
structure. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Athecata</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An early or simple larval stage of trematode
worms and some other invertebrates, which is capable or reproducing
other germs by asexual generation; a nurse; a redia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spo`ro*zo"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>spo`ros</grk> a spore + <grk>zo^,on</grk> an animal.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive division of parasitic Protozoa,
which increase by sporulation. It includes the Gregarinida.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo`ro*zo"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spore</i> +
<i>Gr</i>. <i>&?; an animal</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Zo&ouml;spore</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spor"ran</hw> (sp&obreve;r"r<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gael. <i>sporan</i>.] <def>A large purse or pouch made of skin with
the hair or fur on, worn in front of the kilt by Highlanders when in
full dress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sport</hw> (sp&omacr;rt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbreviated frm
<i>disport</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which diverts, and makes
mirth; pastime; amusement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is as <i>sport</i> a fool do mischief.</blockquote>
<i>prov. x. 23.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her <i>sports</i> were such as carried riches of
knowledge upon the stream of delight.</blockquote> <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Think it but a minute spent in
<i>sport</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mock; mockery; contemptuous mirth;
derision.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then make <i>sport</i> at me; then let me be your
jest.Shak.</blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That with which one plays, or which is
driven about in play; a toy; a plaything; an object of
mockery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Flitting leaves, the <i>sport</i> of every
wind.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Never does man appear to greater disadvantage than when
he is the <i>sport</i> of his own ungoverned pasions.</blockquote>
<i>John Clarke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Play; idle jingle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An author who should introduce such a <i>sport</i> of
words upon our stage would meet with small applause.</blockquote>
<i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Diversion of the field, as fowling,
hunting, fishing, racing, games, and the like, esp. when money is
staked.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Bot. & Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A plant or an
animal, or part of a plant or animal, which has some peculiarity not
usually seen in the species; an abnormal variety or growth. See
<i>Sporting plant</i>, under <u>Sporting</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A sportsman; a gambler.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>In sport</b></col>, <cd>in jest; for play or
diversion.</cd> "So is the man that deceiveth his neighbor, and saith,
Am not I <i>in sport</i>?"  <i>Prov. xxvi. 19.</i>
</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Play; game; diversion; frolic; mirth; mock; mockery;
jeer.</p>

<p><hw>Sport</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sported</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sporting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To play; to frolic; to
wanton.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Fish], <i>sporting</i> with quick glance,<BR>
Show to the sun their waved coats dropt with gold.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To practice the diversions of the field or
the turf; to be given to betting, as upon races.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To trifle.</def> "He <i>sports</i> with his
own life."  <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot. & Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>To assume
suddenly a new and different character from the rest of the plant or
from the type of the species; -- said of a bud, shoot, plant, or
animal. See <u>Sport</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 6.</def>
<i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To play; frolic; game; wanton.</p>

<p><hw>Sport</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
divert; to amuse; to make merry; -- used with the reciprocal
pronoun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Against whom do ye <i>sport</i>
yourselves?</blockquote> <i>Isa. lvii. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To represent by any knd of play.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now <i>sporting</i> on thy lyre the loves of
youth.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To exhibit, or bring out, in public; to use
or wear; as, to <i>sport</i> a new equipage.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To give utterance to in a sportive manner;
to throw out in an easy and copious manner; -- with <i>off</i>; as, to
<i>sport</i> off epigrams.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To sport one's oak</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Oak</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Sport`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sportiveness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sport"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to sports; used in sports.</def> [R.] "<i>Sportal</i> arms."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sport"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who sports; a
sportsman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As this gentleman and I have been old fellow
<i>sporters</i>, I have a frienship for him.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sport"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of sport; merry; frolicsome; full of jesting; indulging in
mirth or play; playful; wanton; as, a <i>sportful</i>
companion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Down he alights among the <i>sportful</i>
herd.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Done in jest, or for mere play;
sportive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They are no <i>sportful</i> productions of the
soil.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sport"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sport"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sport"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of pertaining to, or
engaging in, sport or sporrts; exhibiting the character or conduct of
one who, or that which, sports.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sporting book</b></col>, <cd>a book containing a record of
bets, gambling operations, and the like.</cd> <i>C. Kingsley.</i> --
<col><b>Sporting house</b></col>, <cd>a house frequented by sportsmen,
gamblers, and the like.</cd> -- <col><b>Sporting man</b></col>,
<cd>one who practices field sports; also, a horse racer, a pugilist, a
gambler, or the like.</cd> -- <col><b>Sporting plant</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant in which a single bud or offset suddenly
assumes a new, and sometimes very different, character from that of
the rest of the plant.</cd> <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sport"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In sport;
sportively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The question you there put, you do it, I suppose, but
<i>sportingly</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sport"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to,
engaged in, or provocate of, sport; gay; froliscome; playful;
merry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Is it I<BR>
That drive thee from the <i>sportive</i> court?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sport"ive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sport"ive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sport"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without sport or
mirth; joyless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sport"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little person
or creature engaged in sports or in play.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When again the lambkins play --<BR>
Pretty <i>sportlings</i>, full of May.</blockquote>
<i>Philips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sports"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;<i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sportsmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who pursues the sports of
the field; one who hunts, fishes, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sports"man*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The practice of
sportsmen; skill in field sports.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spor"tu*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sportul&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;). [L.] <def>A gift; a present; a
prize; hence, an alms; a largess.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To feed luxuriously, to frequent sports and theaters,
to run for the <i>sportula</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spor"tu*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Subsisting on
alms or charitable contributions.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spor"tule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sportula</i> a
little basket, a gift, dim. of <i>sporta</i> a basket: cf. F.
<i>sortule</i>.] <def>A charitable gift or contribution; a gift; an
alms; a dole; a largess; a sportula.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spor`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>The act or process of forming spores; spore formation. See
<i>Illust.</i> of Bacillus, <i>b</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spor"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of <i>spore</i>.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A small spore; a spore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spor`u*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Sporule</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Producing
sporules.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Scot. & D.
<i>spat</i>, Dan. <i>spette</i>, Sw. <i>spott</i> spittle, slaver;
from the root of E. <i>spit</i>. See <u>Spit</u> to eject from the
mouth, and cf. <u>Spatter</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mark on a
substance or body made by foreign matter; a blot; a place
discolored.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Out, damned <i>spot</i>! Out, I say!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stain on character or reputation;
something that soils purity; disgrace; reproach; fault;
blemish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet Chloe, sure, was formed without a
<i>spot</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small part of a different color from the
main part, or from the ground upon which it is; as, the <i>spots</i>
of a leopard; the <i>spots</i> on a playing card.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A small extent of space; a place; any
particular place.</def> "Fixed to one <i>spot</i>."  <i>Otway.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>spot</i> to which I point is
Paradise.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>"A jolly place," said he, "in times of old!<BR>
But something ails it now: the <i>spot</i> is cursed."</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A variety of the common
domestic pigeon, so called from a spot on its head just above its
beak.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
sci&aelig;noid food fish (<i>Liostomus xanthurus</i>) of the Atlantic
coast of the United States. It has a black spot behind the shoulders
and fifteen oblique dark bars on the sides. Called also <i>goody</i>,
<i>Lafayette</i>, <i>masooka</i>, and <i>old wife</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The southern redfish, or red horse, which has
a spot on each side at the base of the tail. See
<u>Redfish</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Commodities, as merchandise and
cotton, sold for immediate delivery.</def> [Broker's Cant]</p>

<p><col><b>Crescent spot</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
butterfly of the family <i>Melit&aelig;id&aelig;</i> having crescent-
shaped white spots along the margins of the red or brown wings.</cd> -
- <col><b>Spot lens</b></col> <i>(Microscopy)</i>, <cd>a condensing
lens in which the light is confined to an annular pencil by means of a
small, round diaphragm (the <i>spot</i>), and used in dark-field
ilumination; -- called also <i>spotted lens</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spot
rump</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the Hudsonian godwit
(<i>Limosa h&aelig;mastica</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Spots on the
sun</b></col>. <i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>See <i>Sun spot</i>, ander
<u>Sun</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>On</b></col>, or <col><b>Upon</b></col>,
<col><b>the spot</b></col>, <cd>immediately; before moving; without
changing place.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>It was determined <i>upon the spot</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i>

<b>Syn.</b> -- Stain; flaw; speck; blot; disgrace; reproach; fault;
blemish; place; site; locality.</p>

<p><hw>Spot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spotted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spotting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make visible marks upon
with some foreign matter; to discolor in or with spots; to stain; to
cover with spots or figures; as, to <i>spot</i> a garnment; to
<i>spot</i> paper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mark or note so as to insure
recognition; to recognize; to detect; as, to <i>spot</i> a
criminal.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To stain; to blemish; to taint; to
disgrace; to tarnish, as reputation; to asperse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My virgin life no <i>spotted</i> thoughts shall
stain.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If ever I shall close these eyes but once,<BR>
May I live <i>spotted</i> for my perjury.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To spot timber</b></col>, <cd>to cut or chip it, in
preparation for hewing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spot</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become stained with
spots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spot"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a spot;
especially, free from reproach or impurity; pure; untainted; innocent;
as, a <i>spotless</i> mind; <i>spotless</i> behavior.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>spotless</i> virgin, and a faultless
wife.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Blameless; unspotted; unblemished; pure; immaculate;
irreproachable. See <u>Blameless</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Spot"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Spot"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spot"ted</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Marked with spots; as,
a <i>spotted</i> garment or character.</def> "The <i>spotted</i>
panther."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Spotted fever</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a name applied
to various eruptive fevers, esp. to typhus fever and cerebro-spinal
meningitis.</cd> -- <col><b>Spotted tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>an Australian tree (<i>Flindersia maculosa</i>); -- so called
because its bark falls off in spots.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spot"ted*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State or quality
of being spotted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spot"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
spots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spot"ti*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being spotty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spot"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of spots;
marked with spots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spous"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>espousaige</i>, from <i>espouser</i>. See <u>Spouse</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>Espousal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spous"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Espousal</u>,
<u>Sponsal</u>, and <u>Spouse</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a spouse
or marriage; nuptial; matrimonial; conjugal; bridal; as,
<i>spousal</i> rites; <i>spousal</i> ornaments.</def>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spous"al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Espousal</u>,
<u>Spouse</u>.] <def>Marriage; nuptials; espousal; -- generally used
in the plural; as, the <i>spousals</i> of Hippolita.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Boweth your head under that blissful yoke . . .<BR>
Which that men clepeth <i>spousal</i> or wedlock.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>the <i>spousals</i> of the newborn year.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spouse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>espous</i>,
<i>espos</i>, fem. <i>espouse</i>, F. <i>&eacute;poux</i>,
<i>&eacute;pouse</i>, fr. L. <i>sponsus</i>, <i>sponsa</i>, prop. p.
p. of <i>spondere</i>, <i>sponsum</i>, to promise solemnly, to engage
one's self.  Cf. <u>Despond</u>, <u>Espouse</u>, <u>respond</u>,
<u>Sponsor</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A man or woman engaged or
joined in wedlock; a married person, husband or wife.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At last such grace I found, and means I wrought,<BR>
That that lady to my <i>spouse</i> had won.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A married man, in distinct from a
<i>spousess</i> or <i>married woman</i>; a bridegroom or
husband.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>At which marriage was [were] no person present but the
<i>spouse</i>, the spousess, the Duchess of Bedford her mother, the
priest, two gentlewomen, and a young man.</blockquote>
<i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spouse</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Espouse</u>,
and Spouse, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To wed; to espouse.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This markis hath her <i>spoused</i> with a
ring.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Though <i>spoused</i>, yet wanting wedlock's
solemnize.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She was found again, and <i>spoused</i> to
Marinell.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spouse"-breach`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Adultery.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spouse"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of a
spouse; unmarried.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spous"ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wife or
bride.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spout</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spouted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spouting</u>.] [Cf. Sw. <i>sputa</i>, <i>spruta</i>, to spout, D.
<i>spuit</i> a spout, <i>spuiten</i> to spout, and E. <i>spurt</i>,
<i>sprit</i>, v., <i>sprout</i>, <i>sputter</i>; or perhaps akin to E.
<i>spit</i> to eject from the mouth.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To throw
out forcibly and abudantly, as liquids through an office or a pipe; to
eject in a jet; as, an elephant <i>spouts</i> water from his
trunk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who kept Jonas in the fish's maw<BR>
Till he was <i>spouted</i> up at Ninivee?</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Next on his belly floats the mighty whale . . . <BR>
He <i>spouts</i> the tide.</blockquote> <i>Creech.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter magniloquently; to recite in an
oratorical or pompous manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pray, <i>spout</i> some French, son.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pawn; to pledge; as, <i>spout</i> a
watch.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Spout</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
issue with with violence, or in a jet, as a liquid through a narrow
orifice, or from a spout; as, water <i>spouts</i> from a hole; blood
<i>spouts</i> from an artery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the glittering hill<BR>
Is bright with <i>spouting</i> rills.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To eject water or liquid in a
jet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To utter a speech, especially in a pompous
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spout</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sw. <i>spruta</i> a
squirt, a syringe. See <u>Spout</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That through which anything spouts; a
discharging lip, pipe, or orifice; a tube, pipe, or conductor of any
kind through which a liquid is poured, or by which it is conveyed in a
stream from one place to another; as, the <i>spout</i> of a teapot; a
<i>spout</i> for conducting water from the roof of a building.</def>
<i>Addison.</i> "A conduit with three issuing <i>spouts</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In whales . . . an ejection thereof [water] is
contrived by a fistula, or <i>spout</i>, at the head.</blockquote>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From silver <i>spouts</i> the grateful liquors
glide.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A trough for conducting grain, flour, etc.,
into a receptacle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A discharge or jet of water or other
liquid, esp. when rising in a column; also, a waterspout.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To put</b></col>, <col><b>shove</b></col>, or
<col><b>pop</b></col>, <col><b>up the spout</b></col>, <cd>to pawn or
pledge at a pawnbroker's; -- in allusion to the <i>spout</i> up which
the pawnbroker sent the ticketed articles.</cd> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Spout"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, spouts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spout"fish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A marine animal that spouts water; -- applied especially to
certain bivalve mollusks, like the long clams (<i>Mya</i>), which
spout, or squirt out, water when retiring into their holes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spout"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
spout.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spout"shell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any marine gastropod shell of the genus <i>Apporhais</i> having
an elongated siphon. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Rostrifera</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprack</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>spr&aelig;kr</i> sprightly, dial. Sw. <i>spr&auml;k</i>,
<i>spr&auml;g</i>, spirited, mettlesome; or Gael. <i>spraic</i>
vigor.] <def>Quick; lively; alert.</def> [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Sprad</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Spread</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sprad"de</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Spread</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sprag</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>spraka</i> a
small flounder.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young salmon.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sprag</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Spray</u> a branch.]
<def>A billet of wood; a piece of timber used as a prop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprag</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spragged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spragging</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To check the motion of,
as a carriage on a steep grade, by putting a sprag between the spokes
of the wheel.</def>  <i>R. S. Poole.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To prop or sustain with a sprag.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprag</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Sprack</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sprain</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sprained</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spraining</u>.] [OF. <i>espreindre</i>to press, to force out, F.
<i>&eacute;preindre</i>, fr. L. <i>exprimere</i>. See <u>Express</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Spraints</u>.] <def>To weaken, as
a joint, ligament, or muscle, by sudden and excessive exertion, as by
wrenching; to overstrain, or stretch injuriously, but without
luxation; as, to <i>sprain</i> one's ankle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprain</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or result of
spraining; lameness caused by spraining; as, a bad <i>sprain</i> of
the wrist.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sprain fracture</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>the separation
of a tendon from its point of insertion, with the detachment of a
shell of bone to which the tendon is attached.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spraints</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>espraintes</i>, <i>espreintes</i>, F. <i>&eacute;preintes</i> from
<i>espreinte</i> a desire to go to stool, from <i>espreindre</i>. See
<u>Sprain</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>The dung of an
otter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprang</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Spring</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sprot</i>,
<i>sprotte</i>, D. <i>sprot</i>; akin to G. <i>sprotte</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small European herring
(<i>Clupea sprattus</i>) closely allied to the common herring and the
pilchard; -- called also <i>garvie</i>. The name is also applied to
small herring of different kinds.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
California surf-fish (<i>Rhacochilus toxotes</i>); -- called also
<i>alfione</i>, and <i>perch</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sprat borer</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the red-
throated diver; -- so called from its fondness for sprats. See
<u>Diver</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sprat loon</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The young of the great
northern diver</cd>. [Prov. Eng.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The red-
throated diver. See <u>Diver</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sprat mew</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the kittiwake gull.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1393 !></p>

<p><hw>Sprawl</hw> (spr&add;l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sprawled</u> (spr&add;ld); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sprawling</u>.] [OE. <i>spraulen</i>; cf. Sw.
<i>sprattla</i> to sprawl, dial. Sw. <i>spralla</i>, Dan.
<i>sp&aelig;lle</i>, <i>spr&aelig;lde</i>, D. <i>spartelen</i>,
<i>spertelen</i>, to flounder, to struggle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To spread and stretch the body or limbs carelessly in a
horizontal position; to lie with the limbs stretched out
ungracefully.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To spread irregularly, as vines, plants, or
tress; to spread ungracefully, as chirography.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To move, when lying down, with awkward
extension and motions of the limbs; to scramble in creeping.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The birds were not fledged; but upon <i>sprawling</i>
and struggling to get clear of the flame, down they
tumbled.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sprawls</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Small branches
of a tree; twigs; sprays.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spray</hw> (spr&amacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan.
<i>sprag</i>. See <u>Sprig</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small shoot
or branch; a twig.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The painted birds, companions of the spring,<BR>
Hopping from <i>spray</i>, were heard to sing.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A collective body of small branches; as,
the tree has a beautiful <i>spray</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And from the trees did lop the needless
<i>spray</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
side channel or branch of the runner of a flask, made to distribute
the metal in all parts of the mold.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
group of castings made in the same mold and connected by sprues formed
in the runner and its branches.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Spray drain</b></col> <i>(Agric.)</i>, <cd>a drain made by
laying under earth the sprays or small branches of trees, which keep
passages open.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spray</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [probably from a Dutch or Low
German form akin to E. <i>spread</i>. See <u>Spread</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Water flying in small drops or
particles, as by the force of wind, or the dashing of waves, or from a
waterfall, and the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A jet of
fine medicated vapor, used either as an application to a diseased part
or to charge the air of a room with a disinfectant or a
deodorizer.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An instrument for applying
such a spray; an atomizer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spray condenser</b></col> <i>(Steam Engine)</i> <cd>an
injection condenser in which the steam is condensed by a spray of
water which mingles with it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spray</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
let fall in the form of spray.</def> [Poetic]  <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To throw spray upon; to treat with a liquid
in the form of spray; as, to <i>spray</i> a wound, or a surgical
instrument, with carbolic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spray`board</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>See <u>Dashboard</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spread</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spread</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spreading</u>.] [OE. <i>spreden</i>, AS. <i>spr&aelig;dan</i>; akin
to D. <i>spreiden</i>, <i>spreijen</i>, LG. <i>spreden</i>,
<i>spreen</i>, <i>spreien</i>, G. <i>spreiten</i>, Dan. <i>sprede</i>,
Sw. <i>sprida</i>.  Cf. <u>Spray</u> water flying in drops.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To extend in length and breadth, or in breadth
only; to stretch or expand to a broad or broader surface or extent; to
open; to unfurl; as, to <i>spread</i> a carpet; to <i>spread</i> a
tent or a sail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He bought a parcel of a field where he had
<i>spread</i> his tent.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxxiii. 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Here the Rhone<BR>
Hath <i>spread</i> himself a couch.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To extend so as to cover something; to
extend to a great or grater extent in every direction; to cause to
fill or cover a wide or wider space.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rose, as in a dance, the stately trees, and
<i>spread</i><BR>
Their branches hung with copious fruit.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To divulge; to publish, as news or fame; to
cause to be more extensively known; to disseminate; to make known
fully; as, to <i>spread</i> a report; -- often acompanied by
<i>abroad</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They, when they were departed, <i>spread</i> abroad his
fame in all that country.</blockquote> <i>Matt. ix. 31.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To propagate; to cause to affect great
numbers; as, to <i>spread</i> a disease.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To diffuse, as emanations or effluvia; to
emit; as, odoriferous plants <i>spread</i> their fragrance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To strew; to scatter over a surface; as, to
<i>spread</i> manure; to <i>spread</i> lime on the ground.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To prepare; to set and furnish with
provisions; as, to <i>spread</i> a table.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Boiled the flesh, and <i>spread</i> the
board.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To spread cloth</b></col>, <cd>to unfurl sail.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To diffuse; propogate; disperse; publish;
distribute; scatter; circulate; disseminate; dispense.</p>

<p><hw>Spread</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
extend in length and breadth in all directions, or in breadth only; to
be extended or stretched; to expand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Plants, if they <i>spread</i> much, are seldom
tall.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Governor Winthrop, and his associates at Charlestown,
had for a church a large, <i>spreading</i> tree.</blockquote> <i>B.
Trumbull.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be extended by drawing or beating; as,
some metals <i>spread</i> with difficulty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be made known more extensively, as
news.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be propagated from one to another; as,
the disease <i>spread</i> into all parts of the city.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spread</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Extent; compass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have got a fine <i>spread</i> of improvable
land.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expansion of parts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No flower hath <i>spread</i> like that of the
woodbine.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A cloth used as a cover for a table or a
bed.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A table, as spread or furnished with a
meal; hence, an entertainment of food; a feast.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A privilege which one person buys of
another, of demanding certain shares of stock at a certain price, or
of delivering the same shares of stock at another price, within a time
agreed upon.</def> [Broker's Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>An unlimited expanse of
discontinuous points.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spread</hw>, <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Spread</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Spread eagle</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An eagle
with outspread wings, the national emblem of the United States.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The figure of an eagle, with its wings
elevated and its legs extended; often met as a device upon military
ornaments, and the like</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Her.)</i> <cd>An
eagle displayed; an eagle with the wings and legs extended on each
side of the body, as in the double-headed eagle of Austria and Russia.
See <u>Displayed</u>, 2.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spread"-ea`gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Characterized by a pretentious, boastful, exaggerated style;
defiantly or extravagantly bombastic; as, a <i>spread-eagle</i>
orator; a <i>spread-eagle</i> speech.</def> [Colloq.& Humorous]
</p>

<p><hw>Spread"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, spreads, expands, or
propogates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A machine for combining and drawing fibers
of flax to form a sliver preparatory to spinning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spread"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Increasingly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The best times were <i>spreadingly</i>
infected.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sprech"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Gael.
<i>spreidh</i> cattle.] <def>Movables of an inferior description;
especially, such as have been collected by depredation.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Spree</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Ir. <i>spre</i> a
spark, animation, spirit, Gael. <i>spraic</i>.  Cf. <u>Sprack</u>.]
<def>A merry frolic; especially, a drinking frolic; a carousal.</def>
[Colloq.]
</p>

<p><hw>Sprenge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sprengen</i>,
p. p. <i>sprent</i>, <i>spreint</i>, from AS. <i>sprengen</i> to
sprinkle. See <u>Sprinkle</u>.] <def>To sprinkle; to scatter.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Wyclif (1 Pet. i. 2).</i></p>

<p><hw>Spreng"el pump`</hw> (?). <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A form of air
pump in which exhaustion is produced by a stream of mercury running
down a narrow tube, in the manner of an aspirator; -- named from the
inventor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprent</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Sprenge</u>. Sprinkled.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the ground with purple blood was
<i>sprent</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sprew</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>sprouw</i>,
<i>spruw</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Thrush.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Spreynd</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Sprenge</u>. Sprinkled.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When <i>spreynd</i> was holy water.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sprig</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sprec</i>; akin to
Icel. <i>sprek</i> a stick.  Cf. <u>Spray</u> a branch.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small shoot or twig of a tree or other
plant; a spray; as, a <i>sprig</i> of laurel or of parsley.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A youth; a lad; -- used humorously or in
slight disparagement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>sprig</i> whom I remember, with a whey-face and a
satchel, not so many years ago.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A brad, or nail without a head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A small eyebolt ragged or
barbed at the point.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprig</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sprigged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sprigging</u> (?).] <def>To mark or adorn with the representation
of small branches; to work with sprigs; as, to <i>sprig</i>
muslin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprigged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
sprigs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprig"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of sprigs or
small branches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spright</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sprite</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Spirit; mind; soul; state of mind; mood.</def>
[Obs.] "The high heroic <i>spright</i>."
  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wondrous great grief groweth in my
<i>spright</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A supernatural being; a spirit; a shade; an
apparition; a ghost.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Forth he called, out of deep darkness dread,<BR>
Legions of <i>sprights</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To thee, O Father, Son, and Sacred
<i>Spright</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kind of short arrow.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spright</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To haunt, as a
spright.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spright"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Spright</i>
sprite + <i>full</i>.] <def>Full of spirit or of life; earnest;
vivacious; lively; brisk; nimble; gay.</def> [Obs.] --
<wf>Spright"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]
  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Spright"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Spoke like a <i>sprightful</i> gentlemen.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Steeds <i>sprightful</i> as the light.</blockquote>
<i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spright"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of life;
dull; sluggish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spright"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being sprightly; liveliness; life; briskness; vigor;
activity; gayety; vivacity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In dreams, observe with what a <i>sprightliness</i> and
alacrity does she [the soul] exert herself!</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spright"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sprightlier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sprightliest</u>.] [See <u>Sprite</u>.]
<def>Sprightlike, or spiritlike; lively; brisk; animated; vigorous;
airy; gay; as, a <i>sprightly</i> youth; a <i>sprightly</i> air; a
<i>sprightly</i> dance.</def> "<i>Sprightly</i> wit and love
inspires."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sprightly</i> Sylvia trips along the
green.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sprig"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The pintail duck; -- called also
<i>sprig</i>, and <i>spreet-tail</i>.</def> [Local, U.S.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The sharp-tailed grouse.</def> [Local,
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Spring</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Sprang</u> (?) or <u>Sprung</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sprung</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Springing</u>.] [AS. <i>springan</i>; akin to D. & G.
<i>springen</i>, OS. & OHG. <i>springan</i>, Icel. & Sw.
<i>springa</i>, Dan. <i>springe</i>; cf. Gr. &?; to hasten.  Cf.
<u>Springe</u>, <u>Sprinkle</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To leap; to bound; to jump.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mountain stag that <i>springs</i><BR>
From height to height, and bounds along the plains.</blockquote>
<i>Philips.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To issue with speed and violence; to move
with activity; to dart; to shoot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And sudden light<BR>
<i>Sprung</i> through the vaulted roof.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To start or rise suddenly, as from a
covert.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Watchful as fowlers when their game will
<i>spring</i>.</blockquote> <i>Otway.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To fly back; as, a bow, when bent,
<i>springs</i> back by its elastic power.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To bend from a straight direction or plane
surface; to become warped; as, a piece of timber, or a plank,
sometimes <i>springs</i> in seasoning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To shoot up, out, or forth; to come to the
light; to begin to appear; to emerge; as a plant from its seed, as
streams from their source, and the like; -often followed by <i>up</i>,
<i>forth</i>, or <i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Till well nigh the day began to
<i>spring</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To satisfy the desolate and waste ground, and to cause
the bud of the tender herb to <i>spring</i> forth.</blockquote> <i>Job
xxxviii. 27.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Do not blast my <i>springing</i> hopes.</blockquote>
<i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O, <i>spring</i> to light; auspicious Babe, be
born.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To issue or proceed, as from a parent or
ancestor; to result, as from a cause, motive, reason, or
principle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[They found] new hope to <i>spring</i><BR>
Out of despair, joy, but with fear yet linked.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To grow; to prosper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What makes all this, but Jupiter the king,<BR>
At whose command we perish, and we <i>spring</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To spring at</b></col>, <cd>to leap toward; to attempt to
reach by a leap.</cd> -- <col><b>To spring forth</b></col>, <cd>to
leap out; to rush out.</cd> -- <col><b>To spring in</b></col>, <cd>to
rush in; to enter with a leap or in haste.</cd> -- <col><b>To spring
on</b></col> or <col><b>upon</b></col>, <cd>to leap on; to rush on
with haste or violence; to assault.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spring</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cause to spring up; to start or rouse, as game; to cause to
rise from the earth, or from a covert; as, to <i>spring</i> a
pheasant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To produce or disclose suddenly or
unexpectedly.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>She starts, and leaves her bed, amd <i>springs</i> a
light.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The friends to the cause <i>sprang</i> a new
project.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to explode; as, to <i>spring</i> a
mine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To crack or split; to bend or strain so as
to weaken; as, to <i>spring</i> a mast or a yard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To cause to close suddenly, as the parts of
a trap operated by a spring; as, to <i>spring</i> a trap.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To bend by force, as something stiff or
strong; to force or put by bending, as a beam into its sockets, and
allowing it to straighten when in place; -- often with <i>in</i>,
<i>out</i>, etc.; as, to <i>spring</i> in a slat or a bar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To pass over by leaping; as, to
<i>spring</i> a fence.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To spring a butt</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to loosen
the end of a plank in a ship's bottom.</cd> -- <col><b>To spring a
leak</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to begin to leak.</cd> --
<col><b>To spring an arch</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>to build an
arch; -- a common term among masons; as, <i>to spring an arch</i> over
a lintel.</cd> -- <col><b>To spring a rattle</b></col>, <cd>to cause a
rattle to sound. See <i>Watchman's rattle</i>, under
<u>Watchman</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To spring the luff</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to ease the helm, and sail nearer to the wind than
before; -- said of a vessel.</cd> <i>Mar. Dict.</i> -- <col><b>To
spring a</b></col> <col><b>mast or spar</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>to strain it so that it is unserviceable.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spring</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>spring</i> a
fountain, a leap. See <u>Spring</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A leap; a bound; a jump.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The prisoner, with a <i>spring</i>, from prison
broke.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A flying back; the resilience of a body
recovering its former state by elasticity; as, the <i>spring</i> of a
bow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Elastic power or force.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Heavens! what a <i>spring</i> was in his
arm!</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An elastic body of any kind, as steel,
India rubber, tough wood, or compressed air, used for various
mechanical purposes, as receiving and imparting power, diminishing
concussion, regulating motion, measuring weight or other
force.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The principal varieties of springs used in mechanisms are
the <i>spiral spring</i> (Fig. <i>a</i>), the <i>coil spring</i> (Fig.
<i>b</i>), the <i>elliptic spring</i> (Fig. <i>c</i>), the <i>half-
elliptic spring</i> (Fig. <i>d</i>), the <i>volute spring</i>, the
<i>India-rubber spring</i>, the <i>atmospheric spring</i>, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Any source of supply; especially, the
source from which a stream proceeds; as issue of water from the earth;
a natural fountain.</def> "All my <i>springs</i> are in thee." <i>Ps.
lxxxvii. 7.</i> "A secret <i>spring</i> of spiritual joy."
<i>Bentley.</i> "The sacred <i>spring</i> whence and honor streams."
<i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Any active power; that by which action, or
motion, is produced or propagated; cause; origin; motive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our author shuns by vulgar <i>springs</i> to move<BR>
The hero's glory, or the virgin's love.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>That which springs, or is originated, from
a source;</def> as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A race; lineage.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Chapman.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A youth; a
springal.</def> [Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A
shoot; a plant; a young tree; also, a grove of trees; woodland.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Spenser. Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>That which causes one to spring;
specifically, a lively tune.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>The season of the year when plants begin to
vegetate and grow; the vernal season, usually comprehending the months
of March, April, and May, in the middle latitudes north of the
equator.</def> "The green lap of the new-come <i>spring</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Spring</i> of the astronomical year begins with the
vernal equinox, about March 21st, and ends with the summer solstice,
about June 21st.</p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>The time of growth and progress; early
portion; first stage.</def> "The <i>spring</i> of the day."  <i>1 Sam.
ix. 26.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O how this <i>spring</i> of love resembleth<BR>
The uncertain glory of an April day.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A crack
or fissure in a mast or yard, running obliquely or transversely.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A line led from a vessel's quarter to her
cable so that by tightening or slacking it she can be made to lie in
any desired position; a line led diagonally from the bow or stern of a
vessel to some point upon the wharf to which she is moored.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Air spring</b></col>, <col><b>Boiling spring</b></col>,
<cd>etc. See under <u>Air</u>, <u>Boiling</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Spring back</b></col> <i>(Bookbinding)</i>, <cd>a back with a
curved piece of thin sheet iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the
inside, the effect of which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound
(as a ledger or other account or blank book) spring up and lie
flat.</cd> -- <col><b>Spring balance</b></col>, <cd>a contrivance for
measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a spiral spring of
steel.</cd> -- <col><b>Spring beam</b></col>, <cd>a beam that supports
the side of a paddle box. See <i>Paddle beam</i>, under <u>Paddle</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Spring beauty</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>Any plant of the genus
<i>Claytonia</i>, delicate herbs with somewhat fleshy leaves and
pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>A small, elegant American butterfly (<i>Erora
l&aelig;ta</i>) which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male
are brown, bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly
blue.</cd> -- <col><b>Spring bed</b></col>, <cd>a mattress, under bed,
or bed bottom, in which springs, as of metal, are employed to give the
required elasticity.</cd> -- <col><b>Spring beetle</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a snapping beetle; an elater.</cd> --
<col><b>Spring box</b></col>, <cd>the box or barrel in a watch, or
other piece of mechanism, in which the spring is contained.</cd> --
<col><b>Spring fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a caddice fly; -
- so called because it appears in the spring.</cd> -- <col><b>Spring
grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a vernal grass. See under
<u>Vernal</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spring gun</b></col>, <cd>a firearm
disharged by a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise
moved.</cd> -- <col><b>Spring hook</b></col> <i>(Locomotive
Engines)</i>, <cd>one of the hooks which fix the driving-wheel spring
to the frame.</cd> -- <col><b>Spring latch</b></col>, <cd>a latch that
fastens with a spring.</cd> <! p. 1394 !> -- <col><b>Spring
lock</b></col>, <cd>a lock that fastens with a spring.</cd> --
<col><b>Spring mattress</b></col>, <cd>a spring bed.</cd> --
<col><b>Spring of an arch</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Springing line of an arch</i>, under <u>Springing</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Spring of pork</b></col>, <cd>the lower part of a fore
quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has the leg and foot
without the shoulder.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sir, pray hand the <i>spring of pork</i> to
me.</blockquote> <i>Gayton.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Spring pin</b></col> <i>(Locomotive Engines)</i>, <cd>an
iron rod fitted between the springs and the axle boxes, to sustain and
regulate the pressure on the axles.</cd> -- <col><b>Spring
rye</b></col>, <cd>a kind of rye sown in the spring; -- in distinction
from <i>winter rye</i>, sown in autumn.</cd> -- <col><b>Spring
stay</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a preventer stay, to assist the
regular one.</cd> <i>R. H. Dana, Jr.</i> -- <col><b>Spring
tide</b></col>, <cd>the tide which happens at, or soon after, the new
and the full moon, and which rises higher than common tides.</cd> See
<u>Tide</u>. -- <col><b>Spring wagon</b></col>, <cd>a wagon in which
springs are interposed between the body and the axles to form elastic
supports.</cd> -- <col><b>Spring wheat</b></col>, <cd>any kind of
wheat sown in the spring; -- in distinction from <i>winter wheat</i>,
which is sown in autumn.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spring"al</hw> (?), <hw>Spring"ald</hw> (?),
<hw>Spring"all</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Scot.
<i>springald</i>, <i>springel</i>, fr. Scot. & E. <i>spring</i>.]
<def>An active, springly young man.</def> [Obs.] "There came two
<i>springals</i> of full tender years."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Joseph, when he was sold to Potiphar, that great man,
was a fair young <i>springall</i>.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spring"al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>espringale</i>; of
Teutonic origin, akin to E. <i>spring</i>.] <def>An ancient military
engine for casting stones and arrows by means of a spring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spring"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An elastic
board, secured at the ends, or at one end, often by elastic supports,
used in performing feats of agility or in exercising.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Spring"bok`</hw> (?), <hw>Spring"buck`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>springbok</i>; <i>springen</i> to spring,
leap + <i>bok</i> a he-goat, buck.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A South
African gazelle (<i>Gazella euchore</i>) noted for its graceful form
and swiftness, and for its peculiar habit of springing lighty and
suddenly into the air. It has a white dorsal stripe, expanding into a
broad patch of white on the rump and tail. Called also
<i>springer</i>.</def> [Written also <i>springboc</i>, and
<i>springbock</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Springe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Spring</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>: cf. G. <i>sprenkel</i>, Prov. E.
<i>springle</i>.] <def>A noose fastened to an elastic body, and drawn
close with a sudden spring, whereby it catches a bird or other animal;
a gin; a snare.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As a woodcock to mine own <i>springe</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Springe</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To catch in a
springe; to insnare.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Spring"e</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>sprengen</i>. See <u>Sprinkle</u>.] <def>To sprinkle; to
scatter.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He would sowen some difficulty,<BR>
Or <i>springen</i> cockle in our cleane corn.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spring"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, springs; specifically, one who rouses
game.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A young plant.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
impost, or point at which an arch rests upon its support, and from
which it seems to spring.</def> Hence: <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
bottom stone of an arch, which lies on the impost. The skew back is
one form of springer.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The rib of a
groined vault, as being the solid abutment for each section of
vaulting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The grampus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A variety of the field
spaniel. See <u>Spaniel</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species of antelope;
the sprinkbok.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spring"halt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i>
<def>A kind of lameness in horse. See <u>Stringhalt</u>.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spring"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fountain or
source.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spring"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being springly.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spring"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of one who, or that which, springs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Growth; increase; also, that which springs
up; a shoot; a plant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou blessest the <i>springing</i>
thereof.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxv. 10.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Springing line of an arch</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the
horizontal line drawn through the junction of the vertical face of the
impost with the curve of the intrados; -- called also <i>spring of an
arch</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sprin"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A springe.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spring"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
spring.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But yet from out the little hill<BR>
Oozes the slender <i>springlet</i> still.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spring"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of small apterous insects belonging
to the order <i>Thysanura</i>. They have two elastic caudal stylets
which can be bent under the abdomen and then suddenly extended like a
spring, thus enabling them to leap to a considerable distance. See
<u>Collembola</u>, and <u>Podura</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spring"tide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The time of
spring; springtime.</def>  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spring"time`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The season of
spring; springtide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spring"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Springier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Springiest</u>.] [From <u>Spring</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Resembling, having the qualities of, or
pertaining to, a spring; elastic; as, springy steel; a <i>springy</i>
step.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though her little frame was slight, it was firm and
<i>springy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Abounding with springs or fountains; wet;
spongy; as, <i>springy</i> land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprin"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sprinkled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sprinkling</u> (?).] [OE. <i>sprenkelen</i>, freq. of
<i>sprengen</i> to sprinkle, to scatter, AS. <i>sprengan</i>,
properly, to make to spring, causative of <i>springan</i> to spring;
akin to D. <i>sprenkelen</i> to sprinkle, G. <i>sprengen</i>. See
<u>Spring</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Sprent</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To scatter in small drops or particles, as
water, seed, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To scatter on; to disperse something over
in small drops or particles; to besprinkle; as, to <i>sprinkle</i> the
earth with water; to <i>sprinkle</i> a floor with sand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To baptize by the application of a few
drops, or a small quantity, of water; hence, to cleanse; to
purify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Having our hearts <i>sprinkled</i> from an evil
conscience.</blockquote> <i>Heb. x. 22.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sprin"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To scatter a liquid, or any fine substance, so that it may fall
in particles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the priest shall . . . <i>sprinkle</i> of the oil
with his finger seven times before the Lord.</blockquote> <i>Lev. xiv.
16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rain moderately, or with scattered drops
falling now and then; as, it <i>sprinkles</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fly or be scattered in small drops or
particles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprin"kle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
small quantity scattered, or sparsely distributed; a
sprinkling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A utensil for sprinkling; a
sprinkler.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sprin"kler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who sprinkles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument or vessel used in sprinkling;
specifically, a watering pot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprin"kling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who, or that which, sprinkles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Baptism may well enough be performed by
<i>sprinkling</i> or effusion of water.</blockquote>
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small quantity falling in distinct drops
or particles; as, a <i>sprinkling</i> of rain or snow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a moderate number or quantity
distributed like drops.</def>  <i>Craik.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sprint</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sprinted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sprinting</u>.] [Cf. <u>Sprunt</u>.] <def>To run very rapidly; to
run at full speed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A runner [in a quarter-mile race] should be able to
<i>sprint</i> the whole way.</blockquote> <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sprint</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of sprinting; a
run of a short distance at full speed.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sprint race</b></col>, <cd>a foot race at the highest
running speed; -- usually limited to distance under a quarter of a
mile.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sprint"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who sprints;
one who runs in sprint races; as, a champion
<i>sprinter</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprit</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Akin to G.
<i>spritzen</i>, <i>spr&uuml;tzen</i>. See <u>Sprit</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <def>To throw out with force from a narrow orifice; to
eject; to spurt out.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sprit</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [AS. <i>spryttan</i> to
sprout, but. See <u>Sprout</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Spurt</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, Sprit a spar.] <def>To sprout;
to bud; to germinate, as barley steeped for malt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprit</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shoot; a sprout.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sprit</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>spret</i>, AS.
<i>spre&oacute;t</i> a sprit; spear; akin to D. <i>spriet</i>, and E.
<i>sprout</i>, <i>sprit</i>, v.t. & i. See <u>Sprout</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A small boom, pole, or spar, which
crosses the sail of a boat diagonally from the mast to the upper
aftmost corner, which it is used to extend and elevate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sprit</i>, F.
<i>esprit</i>, fr. L. <i>spiritus</i>. See <u>Spirit</u>, and cf.
<u>Sprightly</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A spirit; a soul; a shade;
also, an apparition. See <u>Spright</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gaping graves received the wandering, guilty
<i>sprite</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An elf; a fairy; a goblin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The green woodpecker,
or yaffle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprite"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<hw>Sprite"ful*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>,
<hw>Sprite"li*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<hw>Sprite"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, etc. <def>See
<u>Sprightful</u>, <u>Sprightfully</u>, <u>Sprightliness</u>,
<u>Sprightly</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprit"sail</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A sail extended by a sprit.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A sail formerly hung under the bowsprit, from
the spritsail yard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprock"et wheel`</hw> (?). [Etymology of <i>sprocket</i> is
uncertain.] <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Chain wheel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Gael. & Ir.
<i>bradan</i> a salmon.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A salmon in its
second year.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sprong</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Spring</u>. Sprung.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprout</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sprouted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sprouting</u>.] [OE. <i>sprouten</i>, <i>spruten</i>; akin to
OFries. <i>spr&?;ta</i>, AS. <i>spre&oacute;tan</i>, D.
<i>spruiten</i>, G. <i>spriessen</i>, Sw. <i>spruta</i> to squirt, to
spout.  Cf. <u>Sprit</u>, <pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos>, <u>Sprit</u> a
spar, <u>Spout</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Spurt</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shoot, as the seed of a plant; to
germinate; to push out new shoots; hence, to grow like shoots of
plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To shoot into ramifications.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sprout</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to sprout; as, the rain will <i>sprout</i> the seed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of sprouts; as, to <i>sprout</i>
potatoes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprout</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>sprote</i> a
sprout, sprig; akin to Icel. <i>sproti</i>, G. <i>sprosse</i>. See
<u>Sprout</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
shoot of a plant; a shoot from the seed, from the stump, or from the
root or tuber, of a plant or tree; more rarely, a shoot from the stem
of a plant, or the end of a branch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Young coleworts; Brussels
sprouts.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Brussels sprouts</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Brussels</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spruce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>Spruce</i> or
<i>Pruse</i>, Prussia, Prussian. So named because it was first known
as a native of Prussia, or because its sprouts were used for making,
<i>spruce beer</i>.  Cf. <i>Spruce beer</i>, below, <u>Spruce</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any
coniferous tree of the genus <i>Picea</i>, as the Norway spruce (<i>P.
excelsa</i>), and the white and black spruces of America (<i>P.
alba</i> and <i>P. nigra</i>), besides several others in the far
Northwest. See <u>Picea</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The wood or timber of the spruce
tree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Prussia leather; pruce.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Spruce</i>, a sort of leather corruptly so called
for Prussia leather.</blockquote> <i>E. Phillips.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Douglas spruce</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a valuable
timber tree (<i>Pseudotsuga Douglasii</i>) of Northwestern
America.</cd> -- <col><b>Essence of spruce</b></col>, <cd>a thick,
dark-colored, bitterish, and acidulous liquid made by evaporating a
decoction of the young branches of spruce.</cd> -- <col><b>Hemlock
spruce</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a graceful coniferous tree
(<i>Tsuga Canadensis</i>) of North America. Its timber is valuable,
and the bark is largely used in tanning leather.</cd> --
<col><b>Spruce beer</b></col>. [G. <i>sprossenbier</i>; <i>sprosse</i>
sprout, shoot (akin to E. <i>sprout</i>, n.) + <i>bier</i> beer. The
word was changed into <i>spruce</i> because the beer came from Prussia
(OE. <i>Spruce</i>), or because it was made from the sprouts of the
spruce. See <u>Sprout</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Beer</u>, and cf.
<u>Spruce</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <cd>A kind of beer which is
tinctured or flavored with spruce, either by means of the extract or
by decoction.</cd> -- <col><b>Spruce grouse</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Spruce partridge</i>, below.</cd> -
- <col><b>Spruce leather</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Spruce</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</cd> -- <col><b>Spruce partridge</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a handsome American grouse (<i>Dendragapus
Canadensis</i>) found in Canada and the Northern United States; --
called also <i>Canada grouse</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spruce</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sprucer</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sprucest</u>] [Perhaps fr. <i>spruce</i>
a sort of leather from Prussia, which was an article of finery. See
<u>Spruce</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Neat,
without elegance or dignity; -- formerly applied to things with a
serious meaning; now chiefly applied to persons.</def> "Neat and
<i>spruce</i> array."  <i>Remedy of Love.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sprightly; dashing.</def> [Obs.] "Now, my
<i>spruce</i> companions."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He is so <i>spruce</i> that he can never be
genteel.</blockquote> <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Finical; neat; trim. See <u>Finical</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Sruce"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Spruce"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spruce</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spruced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sprucing</u> (?).] <def>To dress with affected neatness; to trim;
to make spruce.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spruce</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To dress one's self
with affected neatness; as, to <i>spruce</i> up.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Strictly, the hole through which melted metal is poured into the
gate, and thence into the mold.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
waste piece of metal cast in this hole; hence, dross.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Sprew</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprug</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. E. <i>sprug
up</i> to dress neatly, <i>sprag</i> to prop, a., lively.] <def>To
make smart.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sprung</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Spring</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprung</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Said of a
spar that has been cracked or strained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprunt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Sprout</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>To spring up; to germinate; to spring
forward or outward.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>To sprunt up</b></col>, <cd>to draw one's self up suddenly,
as in anger or defiance; to bristle up.</cd> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sprunt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Anything short and stiff.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A leap; a spring.</def> [Obs. or Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A steep ascent in a road.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sprunt</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Active; lively;
vigorous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Kersey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sprunt"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sprunt manner;
smartly; vigorously; youthfully.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Sprier</u> or <u>Spryer</u> (&?;); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos>
<u>Spriest</u> or <u>Spryest</u>.] [Cf. dial. Sw. <i>sprygg</i>
lively, skittish, and E. <i>sprag</i>.] <def>Having great power of
leaping or running; nimble; active.</def> [U.S. & Local Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She is as <i>spry</i> as a cricket.</blockquote> <i>S.
Judd (Margaret).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If I'm not so large as you,<BR>
You are not so small as I,<BR>
And not half so <i>spry</i>.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spud</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan. <i>spyd</i> a
spear.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sharp, narrow spade, usually with a
long handle, used by farmers for digging up large-rooted weeds; a
similarly shaped implement used for various purposes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>spud</i> these nettles from the stone can
part.</blockquote> <i>Swyft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dagger.</def> [Obs.]  <i>olland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything short and thick; specifically, a
piece of dough boiled in fat.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Spue</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Spew</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spuil"zie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Spulzie</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spuke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Spook</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spul"ler</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>spooler</i>.]
[See <u>Spool</u>.] <def>One employed to inspect yarn, to see that it
is well spun, and fit for the loom.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spul"zie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Spoil</u>.]
<def>Plunder, or booty.</def> [Written also <i>spuilzie</i>, and
<i>spulye</i>.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spume</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spuma</i>.  Cf.
<u>Pumice</u>, <u>Spoom</u>.] <def>Frothy matter raised on liquids by
boiling, effervescence, or agitation; froth; foam; scum.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Materials dark and crude,<BR>
Of spiritous and fiery <i>spume</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spume</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spumed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spuming</u>.] [L. <i>spumare</i>.] <def>To froth; to
foam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spume"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Spumous.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>r. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spu*mes"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Spumescent</u>.] <def>The state of being foamy;
frothiness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spu*mes"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spumescens</i>, p. pr. of <i>spumescere</i> to grow foamy, from
<i>spuma</i> foam.] <def>Resembling froth or foam; foaming.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spum"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>spumidis</i>.]
<def>Spumous; frothy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spu*mif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spumifier</i>; <i>spuma</i> foam + <i>ferra</i> bear.]
<def>Producing foam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spum"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
condition of being spumy; spumescence.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1395 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spum"ous</hw> (?), <hw>Spum"y</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>spumosus</i>, &?; <i>spuma</i> foam: cf.
F. <i>spumeux</i>.] <def>Consisting of, containing, or covered with,
froth, scum, or foam; frothy; foamy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>spumous</i> and florid state of the
blood.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>spumy</i> waves proclaim the watery
war.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spun</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Spin</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spun hay</b></col>, <cd>hay twisted into ropes for
convenient carriage, as on a military expedition.</cd> -- <col><b>Spun
silk</b></col>, <cd>a cheap article produced from floss, or short-
fibered, broken, and waste silk, carded and spun, in distinction from
the long filaments wound from the cocoon. It is often mixed with
cotton.</cd> -- <col><b>Spun yarn</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a line
formed of two or more rope-yarns loosely twisted.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spunge</hw> (sp&ubreve;nj), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sponge.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spunk</hw> (sp&ubreve;&nsm;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael.
<i>spong</i>, or Ir. <i>sponc</i>, tinder, sponge; cf. AS.
<i>sponge</i> a sponge (L. <i>spongia</i>), <i>sp&omacr;n</i> a chip.
Cf. <u>Sponge</u>, <u>Punk</u>.] [Written also <i>sponk</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wood that readily takes fire; touchwood; also,
a kind of tinder made from a species of fungus; punk; amadou.</def>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An inflammable temper; spirit; mettle;
pluck; as, a man of <i>spunk</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A lawless and dangerous set, men of <i>spunk</i>, and
spirit, and power, both of mind and body.</blockquote> <i>Prof.
Wilson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spunk"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Spunkier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Spunkiest</u>.] <def>Full of spunk;
quick; spirited.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Spur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sparrow</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A sparrow.</def> [Scot.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A tern.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spur</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>spure</i>, AS.
<i>spura</i>, <i>spora</i>; akin to D. <i>spoor</i>, G. <i>sporn</i>,
OHG. <i>sporo</i>, Icel. <i>spori</i>, Dan. <i>spore</i>, Sw.
<i>sporre</i>, and to AS. <i>spor</i> a trace, footstep,
<i>spyrian</i> to trace, track, examine, and E. <i>spurn</i>.
&radic;171.  Cf. <u>Sparrow</u>, <u>Spere</u>, <u>Spoor</u>,
<u>Spurn</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An implement secured to the
heel, or above the heel, of a horseman, to urge the horse by its
pressure. Modern spurs have a small wheel, or rowel, with short
points. Spurs were the badge of knighthood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And on her feet a pair of <i>spurs</i>
large.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which goads to action; an
incitement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fame is the <i>spur</i> that the clear spirit doth
raise<BR>
(That last infirmity of noble mind)<BR>
To scorn delights and live laborious days.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Something that projects; a snag.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One of the large or principal roots of a
tree.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any stiff, sharp spine,
as on the wings and legs of certain burds, on the legs of insects,
etc.; especially, the spine on a cock's leg.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A mountain that shoots from any other
mountain, or range of mountains, and extends to some distance in a
lateral direction, or at right angles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A spiked iron worn by seamen upon the
bottom of the boot, to enable them to stand upon the carcass of a
whale, to strip off the blubber.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A brace strengthening a post
and some connected part, as a rafter or crossbeam; a strut.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
short wooden buttress of a post.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
projection from the round base of a column, occupying the angle of a
square plinth upon which the base rests, or bringing the bottom bed of
the base to a nearly square form. It is generally carved in
leafage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any
projecting appendage of a flower looking like a spur.</def>
<i>Gray.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Ergotized rye or other
grain.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A wall that crosses a part
of a rampart and joins to an inner wall.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A piece of timber fixed on the bilge ways before launching,
having the upper ends bolted to the vessel's side.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A curved piece of timber serving as a half to
support the deck where a whole beam can not be placed.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spur fowl</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several species of Asiatic gallinaceous birds of the genus
<i>Galloperdix</i>, allied to the jungle fowl. The males have two or
more spurs on each leg.</cd> -- <col><b>Spur gear</b></col>
<i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a cogwheel having teeth which project radially and
stand parallel to the axis; a spur wheel.</cd> -- <col><b>Spur
gearing</b></col>, <cd>gearing in which spur gears are used. See under
<u>Gearing</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spur pepper</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>See the Note under <u>Capsicum</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spur
wheel</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Spur gear</i>, above.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spur</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spurred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spurring</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To prick with spurs; to
incite to a more hasty pace; to urge or goad; as, to <i>spur</i> a
horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To urge or encourage to action, or to a
more vigorous pursuit of an object; to incite; to stimulate; to
instigate; to impel; to drive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Love will not be <i>spurred</i> to what it
loathes.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To put spurs on; as, a <i>spurred</i>
boot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spur</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To spur on one' horse;
to travel with great expedition; to hasten; hence, to press forward in
any pursuit.</def> "Now <i>spurs</i> the lated traveler."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Parthians shall be there,<BR>
And, <i>spurring</i> from the fight, confess their fear.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The roads leading to the capital were covered with
multitudes of yeomen, <i>spurring</i> hard to
Westminster.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some bold men, . . . by <i>spurring</i> on, refine
themselves.</blockquote> <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spur"gall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place galled
or excoriated by much using of the spur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spur"gall`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To gall or wound
with a spur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spurge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>To emit foam; to froth; -- said of the emission of yeast from
beer in course of fermentation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>W. Cartright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spurge</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>espurge</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;purge</i>, from OF. <i>espurgier</i> to purge, L.
<i>expurgare</i>. See <u>Expurgate</u>, <u>Purge</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any plant of the genus Euphorbia. See <u>Euphorbia</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spurge flax</b></col>, <cd>an evergreen shrub (<i>Daphne
Gnidium</i>) with crowded narrow leaves. It is native of Southern
Europe.</cd> -- <col><b>Spurge laurel</b></col>, <cd>a European shrub
(<i>Daphne Laureola</i>) with oblong evergreen leaves.</cd> --
<col><b>Spurge nettle</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Nettle</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Spurge olive</b></col>, <cd>an evergreen shrub (<i>Daphne
oleoides</i>) found in the Mediterranean region.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spurge"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any euphorbiaceous plant.</def>  <i>Lindley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spur"ging</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 2d
<u>Spurge</u>.] <def>A purging.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spu"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>spurius</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not proceeding from the true source, or from
the source pretended; not genuine; false; adulterate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not legitimate; bastard; as,
<i>spurious</i> issue.</def> "Her <i>spurious</i> firstborn."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Spurious primary</b></col>, or <col><b>Spurious
quill</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the first, or outer, primary
quill when rudimentary or much reduced in size, as in certain singing
birds.</cd> -- <col><b>Spurious wing</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the bastard wing, or alula.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Counterfeit; false; adulterate; supposititious;
fictitious; bastard.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Spu"ri*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Spu"ri*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spur"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
spurs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spur"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sparling</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tern.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spur"ling-line`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. E.
<i>spurling</i> the rut of a wheel, a cart rut, AS. <i>spor</i> a
track, trace, E. <i>spoor</i>. Scot. <i>spurl</i> to sprawl.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The line which forms the communication between the
steering wheel and the telltale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spurn</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spurned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spurning</u>.] [OE. <i>spurnen</i> to kick against, to stumble
over, AS. <i>spurnan</i> to kick, offend; akin to <i>spura</i> spur,
OS. & OHG. spurnan to kick, Icel. <i>spyrna</i>, L. <i>spernere</i> to
despise, Skr. <i>sphur</i> to jerk, to push. &radic;171. See
<u>Spur</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To drive back or away, as with
the foot; to kick.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[The bird] with his foot will <i>spurn</i> adown his
cup.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>spurn</i> thee like a cur out of my
way.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reject with disdain; to scorn to receive
or accept; to treat with contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What safe and nicely I might well delay<BR>
By rule of knighthood, I disdain and <i>spurn</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Domestics will pay a more cheerful service when they
find themselves not <i>spurned</i> because fortune has laid them at
their master's feet.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spurn</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
kick or toss up the heels.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The miller <i>spurned</i> at a stone.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The drunken chairman in the kennel
<i>spurns</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To manifest disdain in rejecting anything;
to make contemptuous opposition or resistance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nay, more, to <i>spurn</i> at your most royal
image.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spurn</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
kick; a blow with the foot.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What defence can properly be used in such a despicable
encounter as this but either the slap or the
<i>spurn</i>?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disdainful rejection; contemptuous
tratment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The insolence of office and the <i>spurns</i><BR>
That patient merit of the unworthy takes.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A body of coal left to
sustain an overhanding mass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spurn"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
spurns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spurn"-wa`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A channel at the end of a deck to restrain the water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spurred</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Wearing spurs; furnished with a spur or spurs; having shoots like
spurs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affected with spur, or ergot; as,
<i>spurred</i> rye.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spurred corolla</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a corolla in
which there are one or more petals with a spur.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spur"rer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
spurs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spur"rey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Spurry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spur"ri*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose
occupation is to make spurs.</def> <i>B. Jonson.</i> "The saddlers and
<i>spurriers</i> would be ruined by thousands." <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spur"-roy`al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gold coin,
first made in the reign of Edward IV., having a star on the reverse
resembling the rowel of a spur. In the reigns of Elizabeth and of
James I., its value was fifteen shillings.</def> [Written also
<i>spur-rial</i>, and <i>spur-ryal</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Spur"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. or OF.
<i>spurrie</i>; cf. G. <i>spergel</i>, NL. <i>spergula</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An annual herb (<i>Spergula arvensis</i>) with
whorled filiform leaves, sometimes grown in Europe for fodder.</def>
[Written also <i>spurrey</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Sand spurry</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any low herb of
the genus <i>Lepigonum</i>, mostly found in sandy places.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spur"-shell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of handsome gastropod shells of the
genus <i>Trochus</i>, or <i>Imperator</i>. The shell is conical, with
the margin toothed somewhat like the rowel of a spur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spurt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>spirt</i>, and originally the same word as <i>sprit</i>; OE.
<i>sprutten</i> to sprout, AS. <i>spryttan</i>. See <u>Sprit</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, <u>Sprout</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<def>To gush or issue suddenly or violently out in a stream, as liquor
from a cask; to rush from a confined place in a small stream or jet;
to spirt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus the small jet, which hasty hands unlock,<BR>
<i>Spurts</i> in the gardener's eyes who turns the cock.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spurt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To throw out, as a
liquid, in a stream or jet; to drive or force out with violence, as a
liquid from a pipe or small orifice; as, to <i>spurt</i> water from
the mouth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spurt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
sudden or violent ejection or gushing of a liquid, as of water from a
tube, orifice, or other confined place, or of blood from a wound; a
jet; a spirt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A shoot; a bud.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A sudden outbreak; as, a <i>spurt</i>
of jealousy.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spurt grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a rush fit for
basket work.</cd>  <i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spurt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>sprette</i>
a spurt, spring, run, <i>spretta</i> to sprit, spring.] <def>A sudden
and energetic effort, as in an emergency; an increased exertion for a
brief space.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The long, steady sweep of the so-called "paddle" tried
him almost as much as the breathless strain of the
<i>spurt</i>.</blockquote> <i>T. Hughes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spurt</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spurted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spurting</u>.] <def>To make a sudden and violent exertion, as in an
emergency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spur"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Freq. of
<i>spurt</i>.] <def>To spurt or shoot in a scattering manner.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spur"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>spoor</i>
a track, trace (AS. <i>spor</i>) + <i>way</i>.] <def>A bridle
path.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Spur"-winged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having one or more spurs on the bend of the
wings.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spur-winged goose</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
one of several species of long-legged African geese of the genus
<i>Plectropterus</i> and allied genera, having a strong spur on the
bend of the wing, as the Gambo goose (<i>P. Gambensis</i>) and the
Egyptian, or Nile, goose (<i>Alopochen &AElig;gyptiaca</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Spur-winged plover</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an Old
World plover (<i>Hoplopterus spinosus</i>) having a sharp spur on the
bend of the wing. It inhabits Northern Africa and the adjacent parts
of Asia and Europe.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sput</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Steam Boiler)</i>
<def>An annular re&euml;nforce, to strengthen a place where a hole is
made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spu*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sputare</i>
to spit, v. intens. fr. <i>spuere</i> to spit: cf. F.
<i>sputation</i>.] <def>The act of spitting; expectoration.</def>
<i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spu"ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclined to
spit; spitting much.</def>  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spute</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Abbrev. from
<i>dispute</i>.] <def>To dispute; to discuss.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sput"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sputtered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sputtering</u>.] [From the root of <i>spout</i> or <i>spit</i> to
eject from the mputh.  Cf. <u>Splutter</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To spit, or to emit saliva from the mouth in small, scattered
portions, as in rapid speaking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter words hastily and indistinctly; to
speak so rapidly as to emit saliva.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They could neither of them speak their rage, and so
fell a <i>sputtering</i> at one another, like two roasting
apples.</blockquote> <i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To throw out anything, as little jets of
steam, with a noise like that made by one sputtering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like the green wood . . . <i>sputtering</i> in the
flame.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sput"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To spit out hastily
by quick, successive efforts, with a spluttering sound; to utter
hastily and confusedly, without control over the organs of
speech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the midst of caresses, and without the last pretend
incitement, to <i>sputter</i> out the basest accusations.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sput"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Moist matter thrown
out in small detached particles; also, confused and hasty
speech.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sput"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
sputters.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spu"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sputa</b></plw> (#). [L., from <i>spuere</i>, <i>sputum</i>,
to spit.] <def>That which is expectorated; a salival discharge;
spittle; saliva.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spying</u>.] [OE. <i>spien</i>, <i>espien</i>, OF. <i>espier</i>,
F. <i>&eacute;pier</i>, OHG. <i>speh&?;n</i>, G. <i>sp&auml;hen</i>;
akin to L. <i>specere</i> to see, Skr. <i>spa</i>(&?;). &?; 169.  Cf.
<u>Espy</u>, v.t., <u>Aspect</u>, <u>Auspice</u>, <u>Circumspect</u>,
<u>Conspicuouc</u>, <u>Despise</u>, <u>Frontispiece</u>,
<u>Inspect</u>, <u>Prospect</u>, <u>Respite</u>, <u>Scope</u>,
<u>Scecimen</u>, <u>Spectacle</u>, <u>Specter</u>, <u>Speculate</u>,
<u>Spice</u>, <u>Spite</u>, <u>Suspicion</u>.] <def>To gain sight of;
to discover at a distance, or in a state of concealment; to espy; to
see.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One in reading, skipped over all sentences where he
<i>spied</i> a note of admiration.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To discover by close search or
examination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Look about with yout eyes; <i>spy</i> what things are
to be reformed in the church of England.</blockquote>
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To explore; to view; inspect; and examine
secretly, as a country; -- usually with <i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Moses sent to <i>spy</i> Jaazer, and they took the
villages thereof.</blockquote> <i>Num. xxi. 32.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To search narrowly; to
scrutinize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is my nature's plague<BR>
To <i>spy</i> into abuses.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spies</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Spy</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>,
and cf. <u>Espy</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who keeps a constant watch of the conduct of others.</def> "These
wretched <i>spies</i> of wit."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A person sent secretly into
an enemy's camp, territory, or fortifications, to inspect his works,
ascertain his strength, movements, or designs, and to communicate such
intelligence to the proper officer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spy money</b></col>, <cd>money paid to a spy; the reward
for private or secret intelligence regarding the enemy.</cd> --
<col><b>Spy Wednesday</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>the Wednesday
immediately preceding the festival of Easter; -- so called in allusion
to the betrayal of Christ by Judas Iscariot.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Emissary</u>, and <u>Scout</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Spy"boat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A boat sent to
make discoveries and bring intelligence.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spy"glass</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small telescope
for viewing distant terrestrial objects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spy"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act or business of
spying.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Spy"nace</hw> (?; 48), <hw>Spyne</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See <u>Pinnace</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1 <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squab</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. dial. Sw.
<i>sqvabb</i> a soft and fat body, <i>sqvabba</i> a fat woman, Icel.
<i>kvap</i> jelly, jellylike things, and and E. <i>quab</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fat; thick; plump; bulky.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor the <i>squab</i> daughter nor the wife were
nice.</blockquote> <i>Betterton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unfledged; unfeathered; as, a <i>squab</i>
pigeon.</def>  <i>King.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squab</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A neatling of a pigeon or other similar bird,
esp. when very fat and not fully fledged.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person of a short, fat figure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gorgonious sits abdominous and wan,<BR>
Like a fat <i>squab</i> upon a Chinese fan.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A thickly stuffed cushion; especially, one
used for the seat of a sofa, couch, or chair; also, a sofa.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Punching the <i>squab</i> of chairs and
sofas.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On her large <i>squab</i> you find her
spread.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squab</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Cf. dial. Sw.
<i>squapp</i>, a word imitative of a splash, and E. <i>squab</i> fat,
unfledged.] <def>With a heavy fall; plump.</def> [Vulgar]</p>

<p><blockquote>The eagle took the tortoise up into the air, and
dropped him down, <i>squab</i>, upon a rock.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squab</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fall plump; to
strike at one dash, or with a heavy stroke.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Squa*bash"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To crush; to
quash; to squash.</def> [Colloq. or Slang, Scot.]  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squab"bish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Thick; fat;
heavy.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1396 !></p>

<p><hw>Squab"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Squabbled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Squabbling</u> (?).] [Cf. dial. Sw. <i>skvabbel</i> a dispute,
<i>skvappa</i> to chide.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To contend for
superiority in an unseemly maner; to scuffle; to struggle; to wrangle;
to quarrel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To debate peevishly; to dispute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sense of these propositions is very plain, though
logicians might <i>squabble</i> a whole day whether they should rank
them under negative or affirmative.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To dispute; contend; scuffle; wrangle; quarrel;
struggle.</p>

<p><hw>Squab"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>To
disarrange, so that the letters or lines stand awry or are mixed and
need careful readjustment; -- said of type that has been set
up.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squab"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A scuffle; a wrangle;
a brawl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squab"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
squabbles; a contentious person; a brawler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squab"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Short and thick;
suqabbish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squab"-chick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young chicken before it is fully
fledged.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Squac"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Squaccos</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A heron
(<i>Ardea comata</i>) found in Asia, Northern Africa, and Southern
Europe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>escouade</i>, fr.
Sp. <i>escuadra</i>, or It. <i>squadra</i>, (assumed) LL.
<i>exquadrare</i> to square; L. <i>ex + quadra</i> a square. See
<u>Square</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A small party of
men assembled for drill, inspection, or other purposes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, any small party.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squad</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sloppy mud.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squad"ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>escadron</i>,
formerly also <i>esquadron</i>, or It. <i>squadrone</i>. See
<u>Squad</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Primarily, a square; hence, a
square body of troops; a body of troops drawn up in a square.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Those half-rounding quards<BR>
Just met, and, closing, stood in <i>squadron</i> joined.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A body of cavarly comparising
two companies or troops, and averging from one hundred and twenty to
two hundred men.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A detachment of vessels
employed on any particular service or station, under the command of
the senior officer; as, the North Atlantic <i>Squadron</i>.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Flying squadron</b></col>, <cd>a squadron of observation or
practice, that cruises rapidly about from place to place.</cd>
 <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squad"roned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed into
squadrons, or squares.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squail</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To throw sticls
at cocks; to throw anything about awkwardly or irregularly.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squai"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Squeamish.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Squa"li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>squalus</i> a kind of sea fish.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
suborder of elasmobranch fishes which comprises the sharks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squal"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>squalidus</i>,
fr. <i>squalere</i> to be foul or filthy.] <def>Dirty through neglect;
foul; filthy; extremely dirty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Uncomed his locks, and <i>squalid</i> his
attrie.</blockquote>
 <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those <i>squalid</i> dens, which are the reproach of
large capitals.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squa*lid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>squaliditas</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being squalid;
foulness; filthiness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squal"id*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a squalid
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squal"id*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state
of being squalid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squall</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sw. <i>sqval</i> an
impetuous running of water, <i>sqval</i>regn a violent shower of rain,
<i>sqala</i> to stream, to gush.] <def>A sudden violent gust of wind
often attended with rain or snow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The gray skirts of a lifting
<i>squall</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Black squall</b></col>, <cd>a squall attended with dark,
heavy clouds.</cd> -- <col><b>Thick squall</b></col>, <cd>a black
squall accompanied by rain, hail, sleet, or snow.</cd> <i>Totten.</i>
-- <col><b>White squall</b></col>, <cd>a squall which comes
unexpectedly, without being marked in its approach by the clouds.</cd>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squall</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Squalled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Squalling</u>.] [Icel. <i>skvala</i>.  Cf. <u>Squeal</u>.] <def>To
cry out; to scream or cry violently, as a woman frightened, or a child
in anger or distress; as, the infant <i>squalled</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squall</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A loud scream; a harsh
cry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There oft are heard the notes of infant woe, -<BR>
The short, thick sob, loud scream, and shriller
<i>squall</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squall"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who squalls;
a screamer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squall"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Abounding with squalls; disturbed often with sudden and violent
gusts of wind; gusty; as, <i>squally</i> weather.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>Interrupted by unproductive
spots; -- said of a flied of turnips or grain.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>Not equally good
throughout; not uniform; uneven; faulty; -- said of cloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squa"lo*don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>Squalus</i>
a genus of sharks + Gr. &?;, &?;, a tooth.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A
genus of fossil whales belonging to the Phocodontia; -- so called
because their are serrated, like a shark's.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squa"lo*dont</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to Squalodon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squa"loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. <i>Squalus</i> a
genus of sharks (fr. L. <i>squalus</i> a kind of sea fish) + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining to a shark or
sharks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squa"lor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>squalere</i> to be foul or filthy.] <def>Squalidness; foulness;
filthness; squalidity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The heterogenous indigent multitude, everywhere wearing
nearly the same aspect of <i>squalor</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To bring this sort of <i>squalor</i> among the upper
classes.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Squa"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Squam&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L. a scale.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
scale cast off from the skin; a thin dry shred consisting of
epithelium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squa*ma"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Squamose.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Squa*ma"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>squamatus</i> scaly.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of
edentates having the body covered with large, imbricated horny scales.
It includes the pangolins.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Squa"mate</hw> (?), <hw>Squa"ma*ted</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>squamatus</i>.] <def>Same as
<u>Squamose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squam"duck`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The American
eider duck.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Squame</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>squama</i> scale.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A scale.</def> [Obs.] "iron <i>squames</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The scale, or
exopodite, of an antenna of a crustacean.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Squa*mel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Squamell&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., dim. fr. L. <i>squama</i>
a scale.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A diminutive scale or bractlet, such as
those found on the receptacle in many composite plants; a
palea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squa*mel"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished or
covered with little scales; squamulose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squa"mi*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L. <i>squama</i> a
scale + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the shape of a scale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squa*mig"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>squamiger</i>; <i>squama</i> a scale + <i>gerere</i> to bear.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Bearing scales.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squam"i*pen</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> ;<i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Squamipennes</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>squama</i> a scale +
<i>penna</i> a fin: cf. F. <i>squamipenne</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of a group of fishes having the dorsal and anal fins
partially covered with scales.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They are compressed and mostly, bright-colored tropical
fishes, belonging to <i>Ch&aelig;todon</i> and allied genera. Many of
them are called <i>soral fishes</i>, and <i>angel fishes</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Squa"moid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>squama</i>
scale + <i>-oid</i>.] <def>Resembling a scale; also, covered with
scales; scaly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squa*mo"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Scalelike; squamous; as, the <i>squamosal</i>
bone.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to the squamosal
bone.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The squamous part of the
temporal bone, or a bone correspondending to it, under
<u>Temporal</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Squa*mose"</hw> (? or &?;), <hw>Squa"mous</hw> (?) }, [L.
<i>squamosus</i>, fr. <i>squama</i> a scale: cf. F. <i>squameux</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Covered with, or consisting of, scales;
resembling a scale; scaly; as, the <i>squamose</i> cones of the pine;
<i>squamous</i> epithelial cells; the <i>squamous</i> portion of the
temporal bone, which is so called from a fancied resemblance to a
scale.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
squamosal bone; squamosal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squa`mo*zyg`o*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to both the squamosal and
zygomatic bones; -- applied to a bone, or a center of ossification, in
some fetal skulls.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
squamozygomatic bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Squam"u*la</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Squamul&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., dim. of <i>squama</i> a
scale.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the little hypogynous scales found
in the flowers of grasses; a lodicule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squam"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Squamulose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squam"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Squamula</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squam"u*lose`</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
little scales; squamellate; squamulate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squan"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Squandered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Squandering</u>.] [Cf. Scot. <i>squatter</i> to splash water about,
to scatter, to squander, Prov. E. <i>swatter</i>, Dan. <i>sqvatte</i>,
Sw. <i>sqv&auml;tta</i> to squirt, <i>sqv&auml;ttra</i> to squander,
Icel. <i>skvetta</i> to squirt out, to throw out water.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To scatter; to disperse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Our <i>squandered</i> troops he rallies.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To spend lavishly or profusely; to spend
prodigally or wastefully; to use without economy or judgment; to
dissipate; as, to <i>squander</i> an estate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The crime of <i>squandering</i> health is equal to the
folly.</blockquote> <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To spend; expend; waste; scatter; dissipate.</p>

<p><hw>Squan"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To spend lavishly; to be wasteful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They often <i>squandered</i>, but they never
gave.</blockquote> <i>Savage.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wander at random; to scatter.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The wise man's folly is anatomized<BR>
Even by <i>squandering</i> glances of the fool.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squan"der</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
squandering; waste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squan"der*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
squanders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squan"der*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
squandering manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Square</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>esquarre</i>,
<i>esquierre</i>, F. <i>&eacute;querre</i> a carpenter's square (cf.
It. <i>squadra</i>), fr. (assumed) LL. <i>exquadrare</i> to make
square; L. <i>ex + quadrus</i> a square, fr. <i>quattuor</i> four. See
<u>Four</u>, and cf. <u>Quadrant</u>, <u>Squad</u>, <u>Squer</u> a
square.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The corner, or angle, of a figure.</def> [Obs.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A parallelogram having four equal sides and
four right angles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, anything which is square, or nearly
so</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A square piece or
fragment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He bolted his food down his capacious throat in
<i>squares</i> of three inches.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A pane of glass.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<i>(Print.)</i> <def>A certain number of lines, forming a portion of a
column, nearly square; -- used chiefly in reckoning the prices of
advertisements in newspapers.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Carp.)</i>
<def>One hundred superficial feet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An area of four sides, generally with
houses on each side; sometimes, a solid block of houses; also, an open
place or area for public use, as at the meeting or intersection of two
or more streets.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The statue of Alexander VII. stands in the large
<i>square</i> of the town.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mech. & Joinery)</i> <def>An instrument
having at least one right angle and two or more straight edges, used
to lay out or test square work. It is of several forms, as the T
square, the carpenter's square, the try-square., etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a pattern or rule.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Arith. & Alg.)</i> <def>The product of a
number or quantity multiplied by itself; thus, 64 is the <i>square</i>
of 8, for <i>8 &times; 8 = 64</i>; the <i>square</i> of <i>a + b</i>
is <i>a<sup>2</sup> + 2ab + b<sup>2</sup></i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Exact proportion; justness of workmanship
and conduct; regularity; rule.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They of Galatia [were] much more out of
<i>square</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have not kept my <i>square</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A body of troops formed in a
square, esp. one formed to resist a charge of cavalry; a
squadron.</def> "The brave <i>squares</i> of war."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: The relation of harmony, or exact
agreement; equality; level.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We live not on the <i>square</i> with such as
these.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>The position of planets
distant ninety degrees from each other; a quadrate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>The act of squaring, or quarreling; a
quarrel.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>The front of a woman's dress over the
bosom, usually worked or embroidered.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Geometrical square</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Quadrat</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Hollow square</b></col>
<i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a formation of troops in the shape of a square,
each side consisting of four or five ranks, and the colors, officers,
horses, etc., occupying the middle.</cd> -- <col><b>Least
square</b></col>, <col><b>Magic square</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under
<u>Least</u>, <u>Magic</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>On the
square</b></col>, or <col><b>Upon the square</b></col>, <cd>in an
open, fair manner; honestly, or upon honor.</cd> [Obs. or Colloq.] --
<col><b>On</b></col>, or <col><b>Upon</b></col>, <col><b>the square
with</b></col>, <cd>upon equality with; even with.</cd> <i>Nares.</i>
-- <col><b>To be all squares</b></col>, <cd>to be all settled.</cd>
[Colloq.] <i>Dickens.</i> -- <col><b>To be at square</b></col>, <cd>to
be in a state of quarreling.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Nares.</i> -- <col><b>To
break no square</b></col>, <cd>to give no offense; to make no
difference.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>To break squares</b></col>, <cd>to
depart from an accustomed order.</cd> -- <col><b>To see how the
squares go</b></col>, <cd>to see how the game proceeds; -- a phrase
taken from the game of chess, the chessboard being formed with
squares.</cd> [Obs.] <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Square</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Having four equal sides and four right angles; as,
a <i>square</i> figure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Forming a right angle; as, a <i>square</i>
corner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having a shape broad for the height, with
rectilineal and angular rather than curving outlines; as, a man of a
<i>square</i> frame.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Exactly suitable or correspondent; true;
just.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She's a most truimphant lady, if report be
<i>square</i> to her.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Rendering equal justice; exact; fair;
honest, as <i>square</i> dealing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Even; leaving no balance; as, to make or
leave the accounts <i>square</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Leaving nothing; hearty;
vigorous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By Heaven, <i>square</i> eaters.<BR>
More meat, I say.</blockquote> <i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>At right angles with the
mast or the keel, and parallel to the horizon; -- said of the yards of
a square-rigged vessel when they are so braced.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Square</i> is often used in self-explaining compounds or
combination, as in <i>square</i>-built, <i>square</i>-cornered,
<i>square</i>-cut, <i>square</i>-nosed, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Square foot</b></col>, <cd>an area equal to that of a
square the sides of which are twelwe inches; 144 square inches.</cd> -
- <col><b>Square knot</b></col>, <cd>a knot in which the terminal and
standing parts are parallel to each other; a reef knot. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Knot</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Square
measure</b></col>, <cd>the measure of a superficies or surface which
depends on the length and breadth taken conjointly. The units of
square measure are squares whose sides are the linear measures; as,
<i>square</i> inches, <i>square</i> feet, <i>square</i> meters,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Square number</b></col>. <cd>See <u>square</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 6.</cd> -- <col><b>Square root of a
number</b></col> or <col><b>quantity</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>,
<cd>that number or quantity which, multiplied by itself produces the
given number or quantity.</cd> -- <col><b>Square sail</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a four-sided sail extended upon a yard suspended
by the middle; sometimes, the foresail of a schooner set upon a yard;
also, a cutter's or sloop's sail boomed out. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Sail</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Square stern</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>a stern having a transom and joining the counter timbers at an
angle, as distinguished from a <i>round stern</i>, which has no
transom.</cd> -- <col><b>Three-square</b></col>, <col><b>Five-
square</b></col>, etc., <cd>having three, five, etc., equal sides; as,
a <i>three-square</i> file.</cd> -- <col><b>To get square
with</b></col>, <cd>to get even with; to pay off.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Square</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Squared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Squaring</u>.] [Cf. OF. <i>escarrer</i>, <i>esquarrer</i>. See
<u>Square</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form
with four sides and four right angles.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form with right angles and straight
lines, or flat surfaces; as, to <i>square</i> mason's work.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To compare with, or reduce to, any given
measure or standard.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To adjust; to regulate; to mold; to shape;
to fit; as, to <i>square</i> our actions by the opinions of
others.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Square</i> my trial<BR>
To my proportioned strength.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To make even, so as leave no remainder of
difference; to balance; as, to <i>square</i> accounts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>To multiply by itself; as,
to <i>square</i> a number or a quantity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>To hold a quartile
position respecting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The icy Goat and Crab that <i>square</i> the
Scales.</blockquote> <i>Creech.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To place at right angles
with the keel; as, to <i>square</i> the yards.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To square one's shoulders</b></col>, <cd>to raise the
shoulders so as to give them a square appearance, -- a movement
expressing contempt or dislike.</cd> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i> --
<col><b>To square the circle</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>to
determine the exact contents of a circle in square measure. The
solution of this famous problem is now generally admitted to be
impossible.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Square</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
accord or agree exactly; to be consistent with; to conform or agree;
to suit; to fit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No works shall find acceptamce . . .<BR>
That <i>square</i> not truly with the Scripture plan.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To go to opposite sides; to take an
attitude of offense or defense, or of defiance; to quarrel.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Are you such fools<BR>
To <i>square</i> for this?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To take a boxing attitude; -- often with
<i>up</i>, sometimes with <i>off</i>.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Square"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a square form or
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Square"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being square; as, an instrument to try the <i>squareness</i> of
work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squar"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, squares.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who squares, or quarrels; a hot-headed,
contentious fellow.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1397 !></p>

<p><hw>Square"-rigged`</hw> (skw&acirc;r"r&ibreve;gd`),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Having the sails extended
upon yards suspended horizontally by the middle, as distinguished from
fore-and-aft sails; thus, a ship and a brig are <i>square-rigged</i>
vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Square"-toed`</hw> (-t&omacr;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Having the toe square.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Obsolete as fardingales, ruffs, and <i>square-toed</i>
shoes.</blockquote> <i>V. Knox.</i></p>

<p><hw>Square"-toes`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A precise
person; -- used contemptuously or jocularly.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squar"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nearly square.</def>
<i>Pennant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squar*rose"</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>squarrosus</i> (perhaps) scurfy, scabby.] <def>Ragged or full of
lose scales or projecting parts; rough; jagged</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Bot. & Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Consisting of
scales widely divaricating; having scales, small leaves, or other
bodies, spreading widely from the axis on which they are crowded; --
said of a calyx or stem.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Divided into shreds or jags, raised above the plane of the leaf,
and not parallel to it; said of a leaf.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having scales spreading every way, or
standing upright, or at right angles to the surface; -- said of a
shell.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Squarrose-slashed</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>doubly
slashed, with the smaller divisions at right angles to the others, as
a leaf.</cd>  <i>Landley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squar*ro`so-den"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the teeth bent out of the plane of the
lamina; -- said of a leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squar"rous</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Squarrose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squar"ru*lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Dim. of
<i>squarrose</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Somewhat squarrose; slightly
squarrose.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squash</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Musquash</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An American animal allied to the
weasel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squash</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Massachusetts Indian
<i>asq</i>, pl. <i>asquash</i>, raw, green, immaturate, applied to
fruit and vegetables which were used when green, or without cooking;
<i>askutasquash</i> vine apple.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant and its
fruit of the genus <i>Cucurbita</i>, or gourd kind.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The species are much confused. The long-neck squash is
called <i>Cucurbita verrucosa</i>, the Barbary or China squash, <i>C.
moschata</i>, and the great winter squash, <i>C. maxima</i>, but the
distinctions are not clear.</p>

<p><col><b>Squash beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small
American beetle (<i>Diabrotica, or Galeruca vittata</i>) which is
often abundant and very injurious to the leaves of squash, cucumber,
etc.  It is striped with yellow and black. The name is applied also to
other allied species.</cd> -- <col><b>Squash bug</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large black American hemipterous insect
(<i>Coreus, or Anasa, tristis</i>) injurious to squash vines.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Squash</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Squashed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Squashing</u>.] [OE. <i>squashen</i>, OF. <i>escachier</i>,
<i>esquachier</i>, to squash, to crush, F. <i>&eacute;cacher</i>,
perhaps from (assumed) LL. <i>excoacticare</i>, fr. L. <i>ex</i> +
<i>coactare</i> to constrain, from <i>cogere</i>, <i>coactum</i>, to
compel.  Cf. <u>Cogent</u>, <u>Squat</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<def>To beat or press into pulp or a flat mass; to crush.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squash</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something soft and easily crushed; especially, an unripe pod of
pease.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not yet old enough for a man, nor young enough for a
boy; as a <i>squash</i> is before 't is a peascod.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, something unripe or soft; -- used in
contempt.</def> "This <i>squash</i>, this gentleman."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sudden fall of a heavy, soft body; also,
a shock of soft bodies.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My fall was stopped by a terrible
<i>squash</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squash"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, squashes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squash"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being squashy, or soft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squash"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Easily squashed;
soft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The angel fish (<i>Squatina angelus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Squat</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Squatted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Squatting</u>.] [OE. <i>squatten</i> to crush, OF. <i>esquater</i>,
<i>esquatir</i> (cf. It. <i>quatto</i> squat, cowering), perhaps fr.
L. <i>ex</i> + <i>coactus</i>, p. p. <i>cogere</i> to drive or urge
together. See <u>Cogent</u>, <u>Squash</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sit down upon the hams or heels; as, the
savages <i>squatted</i> near the fire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sit close to the ground; to cower; to
stoop, or lie close, to escape observation, as a partridge or
rabbit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To settle on another's land without title;
also, to settle on common or public lands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squat</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bruise or make flat
by a fall.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Squat</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sitting on the hams or heels; sitting close to the ground;
cowering; crouching.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Him there they found,<BR>
<i>Squat</i> like a toad, close at the ear of Eve.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Short and thick, like the figure of an
animal squatting.</def> "The round, <i>squat</i> turret."  <i>R.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The head [of the squill insect] is broad and
<i>squat</i>.</blockquote> <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squat</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
posture of one that sits on his heels or hams, or close to the
ground.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sudden or crushing fall.</def> [Obs.]
<i>erbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small
vein of ore.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A mineral consisting of
tin ore and spar.</def>  <i>Halliwell. Woodward.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Squat snipe</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
jacksnipe; -- called also <i>squatter</i>.</cd> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Squat"er*ole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The black-bellied plover.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squat"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who squats; specifically, one who settles unlawfully upon
land without a title. In the United States and Australia the term is
sometimes applied also to a person who settles lawfully upon
government land under permission and restrictions, before acquiring
title.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In such a tract, <i>squatters</i> and trespassers were
tolerated to an extent now unknown.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <i>Squat snipe</i>,
under <u>Squat</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Squatter sovereignty</b></col>, <cd>the right claimed by
the squatters, or actual residents, of a Territory of the United
States to make their own laws.</cd> [Local, U.S.] <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squat"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Squat;
dumpy.</def>  <i>J. Burroughs.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squaw</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Massachusetts Indian
<i>squa</i>, <i>eshqua</i>; Narragansett <i>squ&acirc;ws</i>; Delaware
<i>ochqueu</i>, and <i>khqueu</i>; used also in compound words (as the
names of animals) in the sense of <i>female</i>.] <def>A female; a
woman; -- in the language of Indian tribes of the Algonquin family,
correlative of <i>sannup</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Old squaw</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Old</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Squaw"ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A local name for the partridge berry; also, for the
deerberry.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Squawk</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Squawked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Squawking</u>.] [See <u>Squeak</u>.] <def>To utter a shrill, abrupt
scream; to squeak harshly.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Squawking thrush</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
missel turush; -- so called from its note when alarmed.</cd> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Squawk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act
of squawking; a harsh squeak.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The American night
heron. See under <u>Night</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Squawk duck</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
bimaculate duck (<i>Anas glocitans</i>). It has patches of reddish
brown behind, and in front of, each eye.</cd> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Squawl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Squall</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squaw"root`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
scaly parasitic plant (<i>Conopholis Americana</i>) found in oak woods
in the United States; -- called also <i>cancer root</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squaw"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The golden ragwort. See under <u>Ragwort</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squeak</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.& p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Squaked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Squeaking</u>.] [Probably of imitative origin; cf. Sw.
<i>sqv&auml;ka</i> to croak, Icel. <i>skvakka</i> to give a sound as
of water shaken in a bottle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To utter a
sharp, shrill cry, usually of short duration; to cry with an acute
tone, as an animal; or, to make a sharp, disagreeable noise, as a pipe
or quill, a wagon wheel, a door; to creak.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who can endure to hear one of the rough old Romans
<i>squeaking</i> through the mouth of an eunuch?</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Zoilus calls the companions of Ulysses the
"<i>squeaking</i> pigs" of Homer.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To break silence or secrecy for fear of
pain or punishment; to speak; to confess.</def> [Colloq.]
</p>

<p><blockquote>If he be obstinate, put a civil question to him upon
the rack, and he <i>squeaks</i>, I warrant him.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squeak</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sharp, shrill,
disagreeable sound suddenly utered, either of the human voice or of
any animal or instrument, such as is made by carriage wheels when dry,
by the soles of leather shoes, or by a pipe or reed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squeak"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, squeaks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Australian gray
crow shrile (<i>Strepera anaphonesis</i>); -- so called from its
note.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squeak"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a squeaking
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squeal</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Squealed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Squealing</u>.] [Of Scand. origin; cf. Sw. <i>sqv&auml;la</i>,
Norw. <i>skvella</i>.  Cf. <u>Squeak</u>, <u>Squall</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cry with a sharp, shrill, prolonged sound,
as certain animals do, indicating want, displeasure, or
pain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To turn informer; to betray a secret.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Squeal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shrill, somewhat
prolonged cry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squeal"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, squeals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
European swift.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The harlequin
duck.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The American golden
plover.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squeam"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>squaimous</i>, <i>sweymous</i>, probably from OE. <i>sweem</i>,
<i>swem</i>, dizziness, a swimming in the head; cf. Icel. <i>svemr</i>
a bustle, a stir, Norw. <i>sveim</i> a hovering about, a sickness that
comes upon one, Icel. <i>svimi</i> a giddiness, AS.
<i>sw&imacr;mi</i>. The word has been perhaps confused witrh
<i>qualmish</i>.  Cf. <u>Swim</u> to be dizzy.] <def>Having a stomach
that is easily or nauseated; hence, nice to excess in taste;
fastidious; easily disgusted; apt to be offended at trifling
improprieties.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Quoth he, that honor's very <i>squeamish</i><BR>
That takes a basting for a blemish.</blockquote> <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His muse is rustic, and perhaps too plain<BR>
The men of <i>squeamish</i> taste to entertain.</blockquote>
<i>Southern.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So ye grow <i>squeamish</i>, Gods, and sniff at
heaven.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fastidious; dainty; overnice; scrupulous. See
<u>Fastidious</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Squeam"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Squeam"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Squeam"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Squeamish.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Squea"si*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Queasiness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Squea"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Queasy; nice;
squeamish; fastidious; scrupulous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squee"gee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Squilgee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squeeze</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Squeezed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Squeezing</u>.] [OE. <i>queisen</i>, AS. <i>cw&emacr;san</i>,
<i>cw&ymacr;san</i>, <i>cw&imacr;san</i>, of uncertain origin. The
<i>s-</i> was probably prefixed through the influence of
<i>squash</i>, v.t.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To press between two
bodies; to press together closely; to compress; often, to compress so
as to expel juice, moisture, etc.; as, to <i>squeeze</i> an orange
with the fingers; to <i>squeeze</i> the hand in friendship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To oppress with hardships, burdens,
or taxes; to harass; to crush.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In a civil war, people must expect to be crushed and
<i>squeezed</i> toward the burden.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To force, or cause to pass, by compression;
often with <i>out</i>, <i>through</i>, etc.; as, to <i>squeeze</i>
water through felt.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To compress; hug; pinch; gripe; crowd.</p>

<p><hw>Squeeze</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To press; to urge
one's way, or to pass, by pressing; to crowd; -- often with
<i>through</i>, <i>into</i>, etc.; as, to <i>squeeze</i> hard to get
through a crowd.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squeeze</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of one who squeezes; compression between bodies;
pressure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A facsimile impression taken in some soft
substance, as pulp, from an inscription on stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squeez"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, squeezes; as, a lemon
<i>squeezer</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Forging)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
machine like a large pair of pliers, for shingling, or squeezing, the
balls of metal when puddled; -- used only in the plural.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A machine of several forms for the same
purpose; -- used in the singular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squeez"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of pressing; compression; oppression.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>That which is forced out by
pressure; dregs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Squeeze</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squelch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Squelched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Squelching</u>.] [Cf. prov. E. <i>quelch</i> a blow, and
<i>quel</i> to crush, to kill.] <def>To quell; to crush; to silence or
put down.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Oh 't was your luck and mine to be
<i>squelched</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If you deceive us you will be
<i>squelched</i>.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squelch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A heavy fall, as of
something flat; hence, also, a crushing reply.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sque*teague"</hw> (skw&esl;*t&emacr;g"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[from the North American Indian name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
American sci&aelig;noid fish (<i>Cynoscion regalis</i>), abundant on
the Atlantic coast of the United States, and much valued as a food
fish. It is of a bright silvery color, with iridescent reflections.
Called also <i>weakfish</i>, <i>squitee</i>, <i>chickwit</i>, and
<i>sea trout</i>. The spotted squeteague (<i>C. nebulosus</i>) of the
Southern United States is a similar fish, but the back and upper fins
are spotted with black. It is called also <i>spotted weakfish</i>,
and, locally, <i>sea trout</i>, and <i>sea salmon</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Squib</hw> (skw&ibreve;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>squippen</i>, <i>swippen</i>, to move swiftly, Icel. <i>svipa</i>
to swoop, flash, dart, whip; akin to AS. <i>swipian</i> to whip, and
E. <i>swift</i>, a. See <u>Swift</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A little pipe, or hollow cylinder of paper,
filled with powder or combustible matter, to be thrown into the air
while burning, so as to burst there with a crack.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lampoons, like <i>squibs</i>, may make a present
blaze.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The making and selling of fireworks, and <i>squibs</i>
. . . is punishable.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A kind of slow match or
safety fuse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sarcastic speech or publication; a petty
lampoon; a brief, witty essay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who copied his <i>squibs</i>, and re&euml;choed his
jokes.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A writer of lampoons.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>squibs</i> are those who in the common phrase of
the world are called libelers, lampooners, and
pamphleteers.</blockquote> <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A paltry fellow.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squib</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Squibbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Squibbing</u>.] <def>To throw squibs; to utter sarcastic or severe
reflections; to contend in petty dispute; as, to <i>squib</i> a little
debate.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Squid</hw> (skw&ibreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Squirt</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
numerous species of ten-armed cephalopods having a long, tapered body,
and a caudal fin on each side; especially, any species of
<i>Loligo</i>, <i>Ommastrephes</i>, and related genera. See
<u>Calamary</u>, <u>Decacerata</u>, <u>Dibranchiata</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Some of these squids are very abundant on the Atlantic coast
of North America, and are used in large quantities for bait,
especially in the cod fishery. The most abundant of the American
squids are the northern squid (<i>Ommastrephes illecebrosus</i>),
ranging from Southern New England to Newfoundland, and the southern
squid (<i>Loligo Pealii</i>), ranging from Virginia to
Massachusetts.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fishhook with a piece of bright lead,
bone, or other substance, fastened on its shank to imitate a
squid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Flying squid</b></col>, <col><b>Giant squid</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Flying</u>, and
<u>Giant</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Squid hound</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the striped bass.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Squier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A square. See 1st
<u>Squire</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Not the worst of the three but jumps twelve foot and a
half by the <i>squier</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Squi"er*ie</hw>, <hw>Squi"er*y</hw>  }, (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>escuiere</i>. See <u>Esquire</u>.] <def>A
company of squires; the whole body of squires.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word is found in Tyrwhitt's Chaucer, but is not in the
modern editions.</p>

<p><hw>Squig"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. E.
<i>swiggle</i> to drink greedily, to shake liquor in a close vessel,
and E. <i>sqig</i>.] <def>To shake and wash a fluid about in the mouth
with the lips closed.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Forby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squig"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Squirm</u>,
<u>Wiggle</u>.] <def>To move about like an eel; to squirm.</def> [Low,
U.S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1398 !></p>

<p><hw>Squil"gee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Formerly, a small
swab for drying a vessel's deck; now, a kind of scraper having a blade
or edge of rubber or of leather, -- used for removing superfluous,
water or other liquids, as from a vessel's deck after washing, from
window panes, photographer's plates, etc.</def> [Written also
<i>squillgee</i>, <i>squillagee</i>, <i>squeegee.</i>]</p>

<p><hw>Squill</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>squille</i> (also
<i>scille</i> a squill, in sense 1), L. <i>squilla</i>, <i>scilla</i>,
Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
European bulbous liliaceous plant (<i>Urginea, formerly Scilla,
maritima</i>), of acrid, expectorant, diuretic, and emetic properties
used in medicine. Called also <i>sea onion</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any bulbous plant of the genus <i>Scilla</i>;
as, the bluebell <i>squill</i> (<i>S. mutans</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
squilla.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A mantis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Squil"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Squillas</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Squill&aelig;</b></plw>
(#). [L., a sea onion, also, a prawn or shrimp. See <u>Squill</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous stomapod crustaceans of
the genus <u>Squilla</u> and allied genera. They make burrows in mud
or beneath stones on the seashore. Called also <i>mantis shrimp</i>.
See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Stomapoda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squill*it"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to squills.</def> [R.] "<i>Squillitic</i> vinegar."
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Squin"ance</hw> (?), <hw>Squin"an*cy</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>esquinancie</i>, OF. <i>squinance</i>,
<i>esquinance</i>. See <u>Quinsy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>The quinsy. See <u>Quinsy</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A European perennial herb
(<i>Asperula cynanchica</i>) with narrowly linear whorled leaves; --
formerly thought to cure the quinsy. Also called
<i>quincewort</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Squinancy berries</b></col>, <cd>black currants; -- so
called because used to cure the quinsy.</cd> <i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squinch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr.
<i>sconce</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A small arch thrown across the
corner of a square room to support a superimposed mass, as where an
octagonal spire or drum rests upon a square tower; -- called also
<i>sconce</i>, and <i>sconcheon</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squin"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See
<u>Quinsy</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Squint</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>schuinte</i> a
slope, <i>schuin</i>, <i>schuinisch</i>, sloping, oblique,
<i>schuins</i> slopingly.  Cf. <u>Askant</u>, <u>Askance</u>,
<u>Asquint</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Looking obliquely.
Specifically <i>(Med.)</i>, not having the optic axes coincident; --
said of the eyes. See <u>Squint</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Looking askance.</def> "<i>Squint</i>
suspicion."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squint</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Squinted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Squinting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To see or look obliquely,
asquint, or awry, or with a furtive glance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some can <i>squint</i> when they will.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To have the axes of the eyes
not coincident; -- to be cross-eyed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To deviate from a true line; to run
obliquely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squint</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
turn to an oblique position; to direct obliquely; as, to <i>squint</i>
an eye.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to look with noncoincident optic
axes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . <i>squints</i> the eye, and makes the
harelid.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squint</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act or habit of squinting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A want of coincidence of the
axes of the eyes; strabismus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Hagioscope</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squint"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
squints.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squint"-eye`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An eye that
squints.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squint"-eyed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having eyes that quint; having eyes with axes not coincident;
cross-eyed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Looking obliquely, or asquint; malignant;
as, <i>squint-eyed</i> praise; <i>squint-eyed</i> jealousy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squint`i*fe"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Squinting.</def> [Obs. & R.]</p>

<p><hw>Squint"ing</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Squint</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def> -- <wf>Squint"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Squin"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To squint.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squin"zey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See
<u>Quinsy</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Squir</hw> (skw&etilde;r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
throw with a jerk; to throw edge foremost.</def> [Obs.] [Written also
<i>squirr</i>.]  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squir"al*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Squirarchy</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That such weight and influence be put thereby into the
hands of the <i>squiralty</i> of my kingdom.</blockquote>
<i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squir"arch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Squire</i> + <i>-
arch</i>.] <def>One who belongs to the squirarchy.</def> --
<wf>Squir"arch*al</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Squir"arch*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Squire</i> +
<i>-archy</i>.] <def>The gentlemen, or gentry, of a country,
collectively.</def> [Written also <i>squirearchy</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Squire</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>esquierre</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;querre</i>. See <u>Square</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A
square; a measure; a rule.</def> [Obs.] "With golden <i>squire</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squire</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Aphetic form of
<i>esquire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A shield-bearer or armor-
bearer who attended a knight.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A title of dignity next in degree below
<i>knight</i>, and above <i>gentleman</i>. See <u>Esquire</u>.</def>
[Eng.] "His privy knights and <i>squires</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A male attendant on a great personage; also
(Colloq.), a devoted attendant or follower of a lady; a
beau.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A title of office and courtesy. See under
<u>Esquire</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squire</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>squired</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>squiring</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To attend as a squire.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To attend as a beau, or gallant, for aid
and protection; as, to <i>squire</i> a lady.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squir*een"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is half
squire and half farmer; -- used humorously.</def> [Eng.]  <i>C.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squire"hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The rank or
state of a squire; squireship.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>squire"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A petty
squire.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squire"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a. & adv.</i></pos> <def>Becoming a
squire; like a squire.</def></p>

<p><hw>squire"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Squirehood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squirm</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Squirmed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Squirming</u>.] [Cf. <u>Swarm</u> to climb a tree.] <def>To twist
about briskly with contor&?;ions like an eel or a worm; to wriggle; to
writhe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squirr</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Squir</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squir"rel</hw> (skw&etilde;r"r&etilde;l <i>or</i>
skw&ibreve;r"-; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>squirel</i>, OF.
<i>esquirel</i>, <i>escurel</i>, F. <i>&eacute;cureuil</i>, LL.
<i>squirelus</i>, <i>squirolus</i>, <i>scuriolus</i>, dim. of L.
<i>sciurus</i>, Gr. <grk>si`oyros</grk>; <grk>skia`</grk> shade +
<grk>o'yra`</grk> tail.  Cf. <u>Shine</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of small rodents belonging to the genus <i>Sciurus</i> and
several allied genera of the family <i>Sciurid&aelig;</i>. Squirrels
generally have a bushy tail, large erect ears, and strong hind legs.
They are commonly arboreal in their habits, but many species live in
burrows.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Among the common North American squirrels are the gray
squirrel (<i>Scirius Carolinensis</i>) and its black variety; the fox,
or cat, sqirrel (<i>S. cinereus</i>, or <i>S. niger</i>) which is a
large species, and variable in color, the southern variety being
frequently black, while the northern and western varieties are usually
gray or rusty brown; the red squirrel (see <u>Chickaree</u>); the
striped, or chipping, squirrel (see <u>Chipmunk</u>); and the
California gray squirrel (<i>S. fossor</i>). Several other species
inhabit Mexico and Central America. The common European species
(<i>Sciurus vulgaris</i>) has a long tuft of hair on each ear. the so-
called Australian <i>squirrels</i> are marsupials. See
<u>Petaurist</u>, and <u>Phalanger</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the small rollers of a carding
machine which work with the large cylinder.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Barking squirrel</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
prairie dog.</cd> -- <col><b>Federation squirrel</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the striped gopher. See <u>Gopher</u>,
2.</cd> -- <col><b>Flying squirrel</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>.
<cd>See <u>Flying squirrel</u>, in the Vocabulary.</cd> --
<col><b>Java squirrel</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>. <cd>See
<u>Jelerang</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Squirrel corn</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a North American herb (<i>Dicantra Canadensis</i>)
bearing little yellow tubers.</cd> -- <col><b>Squirrel cup</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the blossom of the <i>Hepatica triloba</i>, a low
perennial herb with cup-shaped flowers varying from purplish blue to
pink or even white. It is one of the earliest flowers of spring.</cd>
-- <col><b>Squirrel fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A sea bass (<i>Serranus fascicularis</i>) of
the Southern United States</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The sailor's
choice (<i>Diplodus rhomboides</i>)</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>The
redmouth, or grunt</cd>. <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>A market fish of
Bermuda (<i>Holocentrum Ascensione</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Squirrel
grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a pestiferous grass (<i>Hordeum
murinum</i>) related to barley. In California the stiffly awned
spiklets work into the wool of sheep, and into the throat, flesh, and
eyes of animals, sometimes even producing death.</cd> --
<col><b>Squirrel hake</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a common
American hake (<i>Phycis tenuis</i>); -- called also <i>white
hake</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Squirrel hawk</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any rough-legged hawk; especially, the California species
<i>Archibuteo ferrugineus</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Squirrel
monkey</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any one
of several species of small, soft-haired South American monkeys of the
genus <i>Calithrix</i>. They are noted for their graceful form and
agility. See <u>Teetee</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
marmoset.</cd> -- <col><b>Squirrel petaurus</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a flying phalanger of Australia. See
<u>Phalanger</u>, <u>Petaurist</u>, and <i>Flying phalanger</i> under
<u>Flying</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Squirrel shrew</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of East Indian and
Asiatic insectivores of the genus <i>Tupaia</i>. They are allied to
the shrews, but have a bushy tail, like that of a squirrel.</cd> --
<col><b>Squirrel-tail grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a grass
(<i>Hordeum jubatum</i>) found in salt marshes and along the Great
Lakes, having a dense spike beset with long awns.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Squirt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Squirted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Squirting</u>.] [Cf. LG. <i>swirtjen</i> to squirt, OSw.
<i>sqv&auml;tta</i>, E. <i>squander</i>.] <def>To drive or eject in a
stream out of a narrow pipe or orifice; as, to <i>squirt</i>
water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hard-featured miscreant coolly rolled his tobacco
in his cheek, and <i>squirted</i> the juice into the fire
grate.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Squirting cucumber</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Ecballium</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Squirt</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be thrown out, or ejected, in a rapid stream, from a narrow orifice; -
- said of liquids.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to throw out or utter words rapidly;
to prate.</def> [Low]  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squirt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
instrument out of which a liquid is ejected in a small stream with
force.</def>  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small, quick stream; a jet.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squirt"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, squirts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squir"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Squiery</u>.]
<def>The body of squires, collectively considered; squirarchy.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The flower of chivalry and <i>squiry</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Ld. Berbers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squitch" grass`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Quitch
grass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squi*tee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the N. American
Indian name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The squeteague; -- called also
<i>squit</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stab</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stabbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stabbing</u>.] [Cf. OD. <i>staven</i> to fix, fasten, fr.
<i>stave</i>, <i>staff</i>, a staff, rod; akin to G. <i>stab</i> a
staff, stick, E. <i>staff</i>; also Gael. <i>stob</i> to stab, as n.,
a stake, a stub.  Cf. <u>Staff</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pierce
with a pointed weapon; to wound or kill by the thrust of a pointed
instrument; as, to <i>stab</i> a man with a dagger; also, to thrust;
as, to <i>stab</i> a dagger into a person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To injure secretly or by malicious
falsehood or slander; as, to <i>stab</i> a person's
reputation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stab</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
give a wound with a pointed weapon; to pierce; to thrust with a
pointed weapon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>None shall dare<BR>
With shortened sword to <i>stab</i> in closer war.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wound or pain, as if with a pointed
weapon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She speaks poniards, and every word
<i>stabs</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To stab at</b></col>, <cd>to offer or threaten to stab; to
thrust a pointed weapon at.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stab</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
thrust of a pointed weapon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wound with a sharp-pointed weapon; as, to
fall by the <i>stab</i> an assassin.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: An injury inflicted covertly or
suddenly; as, a <i>stab</i> given to character.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sta"bat Ma"ter</hw> (?). [L., the mother was standing.]
<def>A celebrated Latin hymn, beginning with these words,
commemorating the sorrows of the mother of our Lord at the foot of the
cross. It is read in the Mass of the Sorrows of the Virgin Mary, and
is sung by Catholics when making "the way of the cross" (<i>Via
Crucis</i>). See <u>Station</u>, 7 <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stab"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, stabs; a privy murderer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A small marline spike; a
pricker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stab"bing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By stabbing;
with intent to injure covertly.</def>  <i>Bp. Parker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sta*bil"i*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stabilimentum</i>, fr. <i>stabilire</i> to make firm ir stable, fr.
<i>stabilis</i>. See <u>Stable</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>The act
of making firm; firm support; establishment.</def> [R.]  <i>Jer.
taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They serve for <i>stabiliment</i>, propagation, and
shade.</blockquote> <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sta*bil"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>stabilitatus</i>, p. p. of <i>stabilitare</i> to make stable.]
<def>To make stable; to establish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sta*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stabilitas</i>; cf. F. <i>stabilit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Stable</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of
being stable, or firm; steadiness; firmness; strength to stand without
being moved or overthrown; as, the <i>stability</i> of a structure;
the <i>stability</i> of a throne or a constitution.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Steadiness or firmness of character,
firmness of resolution or purpose; the quality opposite to
<i>fickleness</i>, <i>irresolution</i>, or <i>inconstancy</i>;
constancy; steadfastness; as, a man of little <i>stability</i>, or of
unusual <i>stability</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fixedness; -- as opposed to
<i>fluidity</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Since fluidness and <i>stability</i> are contary
qualities.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Steadiness; stableness; constancy; immovability;
firmness.</p>

<p><hw>Sta"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>estable</i>, F.
<i>stable</i>, fr. L. <i>stabilis</i>, fr. <i>stare</i> to stand. See
<u>Stand</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> and cf. <u>Establish</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Firmly established; not easily moved, shaken,
or overthrown; fixed; as, a <i>stable</i> government.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In this region of chance, . . . where nothing is
<i>stable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Steady in purpose; constant; firm in
resolution; not easily diverted from a purpose; not fickle or
wavering; as, a man of <i>stable</i> character.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And to her husband ever meek and
<i>stable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Durable; not subject to overthrow or
change; firm; as, a <i>stable</i> foundation; a <i>stable</i>
position.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stable equibrium</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>the kind of
equilibrium of a body so placed that if disturbed it returns to its
former position, as in the case when the center of gravity is below
the point or axis of support; -- opposed to <i>unstable
equilibrium</i>, in which the body if disturbed does not tend to
return to its former position, but to move farther away from it, as in
the case of a body supported at a point below the center of gravity.
Cf. <i>Neutral equilibrium</i>, under <u>Neutral</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fixed; steady; constant; abiding; strong; durable;
firm.</p>

<p><hw>Sta"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fix; to
establish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sta"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>estable</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;table</i>, from L. <i>stabulum</i>, fr. <i>stare</i> to
stand. See <u>Stand</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>A house, shed,
or building, for beasts to lodge and feed in; esp., a building or
apartment with stalls, for horses; as, a horse <i>stable</i>; a cow
<i>stable</i>.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Stable fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a common
dipterous fly (<i>Stomoxys calcitrans</i>) which is abundant about
stables and often enters dwellings, especially in autumn. These files,
unlike the common house files, which they resemble, bite severely, and
are troublesome to horses and cattle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sta"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stabled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stabling</u> (?).] <def>To put or keep in a stable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To dwell or lodge in
a stable; to dwell in an inclosed place; to kennel.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sta"ble*boy`</hw> (?), <hw>Sta"ble*man</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A boy or man who attends in a stable; a
groom; a hostler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being stable, or firmly established; stability.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stable
keeper.</def>  <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sta"ble stand`</hw> (?). <i>(O.Eng. Law)</i> <def>The position
of a man who is found at his standing in the forest, with a crossbow
or a longbow bent, ready to shoot at a deer, or close by a tree with
greyhounds in a leash ready to slip; -- one of the four presumptions
that a man intends stealing the king's deer.</def>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sta"bling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or practice of keeping horses and cattle in a
stable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A building, shed, or room for horses and
cattle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stab"lish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Aphetic form of
<i>establish</i>.] <def>To settle permanently in a state; to make
firm; to establish; to fix.</def> [Obs.]  <i>2 Sam. vii. 13.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stab"lish*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Establishment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sta"bly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a stable
manner; firmly; fixedly; steadily; as, a government <i>stably</i>
settled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stab`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stabulatio</i>, fr. <i>stabulari</i> to stable cattle, fr.
<i>stabulum</i>. See <u>Stable</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of stabling or housing
beasts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place for lodging beasts; a stable.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Stac*ca"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It., p. p. of
<i>staccere</i>, equivalent to <i>distaccare</i>. See <u>Detach</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Disconnected; separated;
distinct; -- a direction to perform the notes of a passage in a short,
distinct, and pointed manner. It is opposed to <i>legato</i>, and
often indicated by heavy accents written over or under the notes, or
by dots when the performance is to be less distinct and
emphatic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expressed in a brief, pointed
manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Staccato</i> and peremptory [literary
criticism].</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stack</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>stakkr</i>; akin
to Sw. <i>stack</i>, Dan. <i>stak</i>. Sf. <u>Stake</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large pile of hay, grain, straw, or the
like, usually of a nearly conical form, but sometimes rectangular or
oblong, contracted at the top to a point or ridge, and sometimes
covered with thatch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But corn was housed, and beans were in the
<i>stack</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pile of poles or wood, indefinite in
quantity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Against every pillar was a <i>stack</i> of billets
above a man's height.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A pile of wood containing 108 cubic
feet.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A number
of flues embodied in one structure, rising above the roof.
Hence:</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any single insulated and
prominent structure, or upright pipe, which affords a conduit for
smoke; as, the brick smoke<i>stack</i> of a factory; the
smoke<i>stack</i> of a steam vessel.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stack of arms</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a number of
muskets or rifles set up together, with the bayonets crossing one
another, forming a sort of conical self-supporting pile.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stack</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stacked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stacking</u>.] [Cf. Sw. <i>stacka</i>, Dan. <i>stakke</i>. See
<u>Stack</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To lay in a conical or other
pile; to make into a large pile; as, to <i>stack</i> hay, cornstalks,
or grain; to <i>stack</i> or place wood.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To stack arms</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>to set up a
number of muskets or rifles together, with the bayonets crossing one
another, and forming a sort of conical pile.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1399 !></p>

<p><hw>Stack"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Hay, gray, or the like, in stacks; things stacked.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tax on things stacked.</def> [R.]
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stack"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>estacade</i>
and E. <i>stockade</i>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A stockade.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stack"-guard`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A covering or
protection, as a canvas, for a stack.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stack"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Stack</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stacking band</b></col>, <col><b>Stacking belt</b></col>,
<cd>a band or rope used in binding thatch or straw upon a stack.</cd>
-- <col><b>Stacking stage</b></col>, <cd>a stage used in building
stacks.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stack"stand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A staging for
supporting a stack of hay or grain; a rickstand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stack"yard`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A yard or
inclosure for stacks of hay or grain.</def>  <i>A. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stac"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
strictly fem. of &?; cozing out in drops, fr. &?; to drop.] <def>One
of the sweet spices used by the ancient Jews in the preparation of
incense. It was perhaps an oil or other form of myrrh or cinnamon, or
a kind of storax.</def>  <i>Ex. xxx. 34.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stad"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sta&eth;ol</i>,
<i>sra&eth;ul</i>, a foundation, firm seat; akin to E. <i>stand</i>.
&radic;163.  See <u>Stand</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] [Formerly
written <i>stadle</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anything which serves
for support; a staff; a prop; a crutch; a cane.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His weak steps governing<BR>
And aged limbs on cypress <i>stadle</i> stout.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The frame of a stack of hay or grain.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A row of dried or drying hay, etc.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A small tree of any kind, especially a
forest tree.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In America, trees are called <i>staddles</i> from the time
that they are three or four years old till they are six or eight
inches in diameter, or more. This is also the sense in which the word
is used by Bacon and Tusser.</p>

<p><hw>Stad"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To leave the staddles, or saplings, of, as a wood when it is
cut.</def> [R.]  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form into staddles, as hay.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stade</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>stade</i>.]
<def>A stadium.</def>  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stade</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>gestade</i> shore.]
<def>A landing place or wharf.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sta*dim"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stadium</i> +
<i>-meter</i>.] <def>A horizontal graduated bar mounted on a staff,
used as a stadium, or telemeter, for measuring distances.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sta"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stadia</b></plw> (#). [L., a stadium (in sense 1), from Gr.
&?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A Greek measure of length, being the
chief one used for itinerary distances, also adopted by the Romans for
nautical and astronomical measurements. It was equal to 600 Greek or
625 Roman feet, or 125 Roman paces, or to 606 feet 9 inches English.
This was also called the <i>Olympic stadium</i>, as being the exact
length of the foot-race course at Olympia.</def>  <i>Dr. W.
Smith.</i></p>

<p>
<sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a race course; especially, the Olympic
course for foot races.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kind of telemeter for measuring the
distance of an object of known dimensions, by observing the angle it
subtends; especially <i>(Surveying)</i>, a graduated rod used to
measure the distance of the place where it stands from an instrument
having a telescope, by observing the number of the graduations of the
rod that are seen between certain parallel wires (<i>stadia wires</i>)
in the field of view of the telescope; -- also called <i>stadia</i>,
and <i>stadia rod</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stadt"hold`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D.
<i>stadhouder</i>; <i>stad</i> a city, a town + <i>houder</i> a
holder.] <def>Formerly, the chief magistrate of the United Provinces
of Holland; also, the governor or lieutenant governor of a
province.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stadt"hold`er*ate</hw> (?), <hw>Stadt"hold`er*ship</hw> (?)
}, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or position of a
stadtholder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta*fette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>stafette</i>. See <u>Estafet</u>.] <def>An estafet.</def> [R.]
<i>arlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Staff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Staves</b></plw> (&?; or &?;; 277) or <plw><b>Staffs</b></plw>
(#) in senses 1-9, <plw><b>Staffs</b></plw> in senses 10, 11. [AS.
<i>st&aelig;f</i> a staff; akin to LG. & D. <i>staf</i>, OFries
<i>stef</i>, G. <i>stab</i>, Icel. <i>stafr</i>, Sw. <i>staf</i>, Dan.
<i>stav</i>, Goth. <i>stabs</i> element, rudiment, Skr.
<i>sth&amacr;pay</i> to cause to stand, to place. See <u>Stand</u>,
and cf. <u>Stab</u>, <u>Stave</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A long piece of wood; a stick; the long handle
of an instrument or weapon; a pole or srick, used for many purposes;
as, a surveyor's <i>staff</i>; the <i>staff</i> of a spear or
pike.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And he put the <i>staves</i> into the rings on the
sides of the altar to bear it withal.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxxviii.
7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With forks and <i>staves</i> the felon to
pursue.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stick carried in the hand for support or
defense by a person walking; hence, a support; that which props or
upholds.</def> "Hooked <i>staves</i>."  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The boy was the very <i>staff</i> of my
age.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He spoke of it [beer] in "The Earnest Cry," and
likewise in the "Scotch Drink," as one of the <i>staffs</i> of life
which had been struck from the poor man's hand.</blockquote> <i>Prof.
Wilson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A pole, stick, or wand borne as an ensign
of authority; a badge of office; as, a constable's
<i>staff</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Methought this <i>staff</i>, mine office badge in
court,<BR>
Was broke in twain.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All his officers brake their <i>staves</i>; but at
their return new <i>staves</i> were delivered unto them.</blockquote>
<i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A pole upon which a flag is supported and
displayed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The round of a ladder.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I ascend at one [ladder] of six hundred and thirty-nine
<i>staves</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dr. J. Campbell (E. Brown's
Travels).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A series of verses so disposed that, when
it is concluded, the same order begins again; a stanza; a
stave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cowley found out that no kind of <i>staff</i> is proper
for an heroic poem, as being all too lyrical.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The five lines and the spaces
on which music is written; -- formerly called <i>stave</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>An arbor, as of a wheel or a
pinion of a watch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The grooved director for the
gorget, or knife, used in cutting for stone in the bladder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> [From <u>Staff</u>, 3, a badge of office.]
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>An establishment of officers in various departments
attached to an army, to a section of an army, or to the commander of
an army. The general's staff consists of those officers about his
person who are employed in carrying his commands into execution. See
<u>&Eacute;tat Major</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Hence: A body of assistants serving to
carry into effect the plans of a superintendant or manager; as, the
<i>staff</i> of a newspaper.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Jacob's staff</b></col> <i>(Surv.)</i>, <cd>a single
straight rod or staff, pointed and iron-shod at the bottom, for
penetrating the ground, and having a socket joint at the top, used,
instead of a tripod, for supporting a compass.</cd> -- <col><b>Staff
angle</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a square rod of wood standing
flush with the wall on each of its sides, at the external angles of
plastering, to prevent their being damaged.</cd> -- <col><b>The staff
of life</b></col>, <cd>bread.</cd> "Bread is <i>the staff of
life</i>." <i>Swift.</i> -- <col><b>Staff tree</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any plant of the genus <i>Celastrus</i>, mostly
climbing shrubs of the northern hemisphere.  The American species
(<i>C. scandens</i>) is commonly called <i>bittersweet</i>. See 2d
<u>Bittersweet</u>, 3 <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>To
set</b></col>, or <col><b>To put</b></col>, <col><b>up, or
down</b></col>, <col><b>one's staff</b></col>, <cd>to take up one's
residence; to lodge.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Staf"fi*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An attendant
bearing a staff.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Staffiers</i> on foot."
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Staff"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stiff;
harsh.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Staff"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Staffmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A workman employed in silk
throwing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stag</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>steggr</i> the
male of several animals; or a doubtful AS. <i>stagga</i>.  Cf.
<u>Steg</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The adult male of the red deer (<i>Cervus
elaphus</i>), a large European species closely related to the American
elk, or wapiti.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The male of certain
other species of large deer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A colt, or filly; also, a romping
girl.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A castrated bull; -- called also <i>bull
stag</i>, and <i>bull seg</i>. See the Note under <u>Ox</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Stock Exchange)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>An outside irregular dealer in stocks, who is not a member of the
exchange.</def> [Cant] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One who applies for
the allotment of shares in new projects, with a view to sell
immediately at a premium, and not to hold the stock.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European
wren.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Stag beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
numerous species of lamellicorn beetles belonging to <i>Lucanus</i>
and allied genera, especially <i>L. cervus</i> of Europe and <i>L.
dama</i> of the United States.  The mandibles are large and branched,
or forked, whence the name. The lava feeds on the rotten wood of dead
trees. Called also <i>horned bug</i>, and <i>horse beetle</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Stag dance</b></col>, a dance by men only. [slang, U.S.] --
<col><b>Stag hog</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
babiroussa.</cd> -- <col><b>Stag-horn coral</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of large branching
corals of the genus <i>Madrepora</i>, which somewhat resemble the
antlers of the stag, especially <i>Madrepora cervicornis</i>, and
<i>M. palmata</i>, of Florida and the West Indies.</cd> --
<col><b>Stag-horn fern</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an Australian and
West African fern (<i>Platycerium alcicorne</i>) having the large
fronds branched like a stag's horns; also, any species of the same
genus.</cd> -- <col><b>Stag-horn sumac</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
common American shrub (<i>Rhus typhina</i>) having densely velvety
branchlets. See <u>Sumac</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Stag party</b></col>,
<cd>a party consisting of men only.</cd> [Slang, U. S.] --
<col><b>Stag tick</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a parasitic
dipterous insect of the family <i>Hippoboscid&aelig;</i>, which lives
upon the stag and in usually wingless. The same species lives also
upon the European grouse, but in that case has wings.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stag</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>To act as
a "stag", or irregular dealer in stocks.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Stag</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To watch; to dog, or
keep track of.</def> [Prov. Eng. or Slang]  <i>H. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>estage</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;tage</i>, (assumed) LL. <i>staticum</i>, from L.
<i>stare</i> to stand.  See <u>Stand</u>, and cf. <u>Static</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A floor or story of a house.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An elevated platform on which an orator may
speak, a play be performed, an exhibition be presented, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A floor elevated for the convenience of
mechanical work, or the like; a scaffold; a staging.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A platform, often floating, serving as a
kind of wharf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The floor for scenic performances; hence,
the theater; the playhouse; hence, also, the profession of
representing dramatic compositions; the drama, as acted or
exhibited.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>Knights, squires, and steeds, must enter on the
<i>stage</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lo! Where the <i>stage</i>, the poor, degraded
<i>stage</i>,<BR>
Holds its warped mirror to a gaping age.</blockquote> <i>C.
Sprague.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A place where anything is publicly
exhibited; the scene of any noted action or carrer; the spot where any
remarkable affair occurs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When we are born, we cry that we are come<BR>
To this <i>stage</i> of fools.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Music and ethereal mirth<BR>
Wherewith the <i>stage</i> of air and earth did ring.</blockquote>
<i>Miton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The platform of a microscope, upon which an
object is placed to be viewed. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Microscope</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A place of rest on a regularly traveled
road; a stage house; a station; a place appointed for a relay of
horses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A degree of advancement in a journey; one
of several portions into which a road or course is marked off; the
distance between two places of rest on a road; as, a <i>stage</i> of
ten miles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>stage</i> . . . signifies a certain distance on a
road.</blockquote> <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He traveled by gig, with his wife, his favorite horse
performing the journey by easy <i>stages</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Smiles.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A degree of advancement in any pursuit, or
of progress toward an end or result.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such a polity is suited only to a particular
<i>stage</i> in the progress of society.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>A large vehicle running from station to
station for the accomodation of the public; a stagecoach; an
omnibus.</def> "A parcel sent you by the <i>stage</i>."
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I went in the sixpenny <i>stage</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>One of several marked
phases or periods in the development and growth of many animals and
plants; as, the larval <i>stage</i>; pupa <i>stage</i>; z&oelig;a
<i>stage</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stage box</b></col>, <cd>a box close to the stage in a
theater.</cd> -- <col><b>Stage carriage</b></col>, <cd>a
stagecoach.</cd> -- <col><b>Stage door</b></col>, <cd>the actor's and
workmen's entrance to a theater.</cd> -- <col><b>Stage
lights</b></col>, <cd>the lights by which the stage in a theater is
illuminated.</cd> -- <col><b>Stage micrometer</b></col>, <cd>a
graduated device applied to the stage of a microscope for measuring
the size of an object.</cd> -- <col><b>Stage wagon</b></col>, <cd>a
wagon which runs between two places for conveying passengers or
goods.</cd> -- <col><b>Stage whisper</b></col>, <cd>a loud whisper, as
by an actor in a theater, supposed, for dramatic effect, to be unheard
by one or more of his fellow actors, yet audible to the audience; an
aside.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Stage</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exhibit upon a
stage, or as upon a stage; to display publicly.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stage"coach`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A coach that
runs regularly from one stage, station, or place to another, for the
conveyance of passengers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stage"coach`man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stagecoachmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who drives a
stagecoach.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stage"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house where
a stage regularly stops for passengers or a relay of horses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stage"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to a stage;
becoming the theater; theatrical.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stage"play`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dramatic or
theatrical entertainment.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stage"play`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An actor on
the stage; one whose occupation is to represent characters on the
stage; as, Garrick was a celebrated <i>stageplayer</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A player.</def> [R.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who has long acted on the stage of
life; a practitioner; a person of experience, or of skill derived from
long experience.</def> "You will find most of the old <i>stagers</i>
still stationary there."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A horse used in drawing a stage.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Sta"ger*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Exhibition on the
stage.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stage"-struck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fascinated
by the stage; seized by a passionate desire to become an
actor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stag"-e`vil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A
kind of palsy affecting the jaw of a horse.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stag"gard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Stag</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The male red deer when four years
old.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stag"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Staggered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Staggering</u>.] [OE. <i>stakeren</i>, Icel. <i>stakra</i> to push,
to stagger, fr. <i>staka</i> to punt, push, stagger; cf. OD.
<i>staggeren</i> to stagger.  Cf. <u>Stake</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move to one side and the other, as if about
to fall, in standing or walking; not to stand or walk with steadiness;
to sway; to reel or totter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Deep was the wound; he <i>staggered</i> with the
blow.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cease to stand firm; to begin to give
way; to fail.</def> "The enemy <i>staggers</i>."  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To begin to doubt and waver in purposes; to
become less confident or determined; to hesitate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Abraham] <i>staggered</i> not at the promise of God
through unbelief.</blockquote> <i>Rom. iv. 20.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stag"ger</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cause to reel or totter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That hand shall burn in never-quenching fire<BR>
That <i>staggers</i> thus my person.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to doubt and waver; to make to
hesitate; to make less steady or confident; to shock.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whosoever will read the story of this war will find
himself much <i>stagered</i>.</blockquote> <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Grants to the house of Russell were so enormous, as not
only to outrage economy, but even to <i>stagger</i>
credibility.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To arrange (a series of parts) on each side
of a median line alternately, as the spokes of a wheel or the rivets
of a boiler seam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stag"ger</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
unsteady movement of the body in walking or standing, as if one were
about to fall; a reeling motion; vertigo; -- often in the plural; as,
the <i>stagger</i> of a drunken man.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A disease of
horses and other animals, attended by reeling, unsteady gait or sudden
falling; as, parasitic <i>staggers</i>; appopletic or sleepy
<i>staggers</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Bewilderment; perplexity.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Stomach staggers</b></col> <i>(Far.)</i>, <cd>distention of
the stomach with food or gas, resulting in indigestion, frequently in
death.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stag"ger*bush`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An American shrub (<i>Andromeda Mariana</i>) having clusters of
nodding white flowers. It grows in low, sandy places, and is said to
poison lambs and calves.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stag"ger*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
staggering manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stag"ger*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A kind of ragwort (<i>Senecio Jacob&aelig;a</i>).</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stag"-horn` co"ral</hw> (?), <hw>Stag"-horn` fern`</hw> (?),
etc.} <def>See under <u>Stag</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stag"-horned`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the mandibles large and palmate, or
branched somewhat like the antlers of a stag; -- said of certain
beetles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stag"hound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large and powerful hound formerly used in hunting the stag, the
wolf, and other large animals. The breed is nearly extinct.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"ging</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A structure of
posts and boards for supporting workmen, etc., as in
building.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The business of running stagecoaches; also,
the act of journeying in stagecoaches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stag"i*rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native of, or
resident in, <i>Stagira</i>, in ancient Macedonia; especially,
Aristotle.</def> [Written also <i>Stagyrite</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Stag"nan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being
stagnant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stag"nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stagnans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>stagnare</i>. See <u>Stagnate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That stagnates; not flowing; not running in a
current or steam; motionless; hence, impure or foul from want of
motion; as, a <i>stagnant</i> lake or pond; <i>stagnant</i> blood in
the veins.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not active or brisk; dull; as, business in
<i>stagnant</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That gloomy slumber of the <i>stagnant</i>
soul.</blockquote> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For him a <i>stagnant</i> life was not worth
living.</blockquote> <i>Palfrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stag"nant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a stagnant
manner.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1400 !></p>

<p><hw>Stag"nate</hw> (st&abreve;g"n&amacr;t), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> <u>Stagnated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Stagnating</u>.] [L. <i>stagnatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>stagnare</i> to stagnate, make stagnant, from <i>stagnum</i> a
piece of standing water. See <u>Stank</u> a pool, and cf.
<u>Stanch</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cease to flow; to be motionless; as, blood <i>stagnates</i> in the
veins of an animal; hence, to become impure or foul by want of motion;
as, air <i>stagnates</i> in a close room.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cease to be brisk or active; to become
dull or inactive; as, commerce <i>stagnates</i>; business
<i>stagnates</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ready-witted tenderness . . . never <i>stagnates</i> in
vain lamentations while there is any room for hope.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stag"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stagnant.</def>
[Obs.] "A <i>stagnate</i> mass of vapors."  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stag*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>stagnation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The condition of being
stagnant; cessation of flowing or circulation, as of a fluid; the
state of being motionless; as, the <i>stagnation</i> of the blood; the
<i>stagnation</i> of water or air; the <i>stagnation</i> of
vapors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The cessation of action, or of brisk
action; the state of being dull; as, the <i>stagnation</i> of
business.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stag"worm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The larve of any species of botfly which is parasitic upon the
stag, as <i>&OElig;strus, or Hypoderma, act&aelig;on</i>, which
burrows beneath the skin, and <i>Cephalomyia auribarbis</i>, which
lives in the nostrils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stahl"ian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
taught by, <i>Stahl</i>, a German physician and chemist of the 17th
century; as, the <i>Stahlian</i> theory of phlogiston.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stahl"ian</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A believer in, or
advocate of, Stahlism.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stahl"ism</hw> (?), <hw>Stahl"ian*ism</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Stahlian theory, that every vital action
is function or operation of the soul.</def></p>

<p><hw>Staid</hw> (st&amacr;d), <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Stay</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Staid</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Stay</u> to stop.]
<def>Sober; grave; steady; sedate; composed; regular; not wild,
volatile, or fanciful.</def> "Sober and <i>staid</i> persons."
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O'erlaid with black, <i>staid</i> Wisdom's
hue.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sober; grave; steady; steadfast; composed; regular;
sedate.</p>

<p><hw>Staid"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a staid manner,
sedately.</def></p>

<p><hw>Staid"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being staid; seriousness; steadiness; sedateness; regularity; --
the opposite of <i>wildness</i>, or <i>levity</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If sometimes he appears too gray, yet a secret
gracefulness of youth accompanies his writings, though the
<i>staidness</i> and sobriety of age wanting.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sobriety; gravity; steadiness; regularity;
constancy; firmness; stability; sedateness.</p>

<p><hw>Stail</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A handle, as of a
mop; a stale.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stain</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stained</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Staining</u>.] [Abbrev. fr. <i>distain</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To discolor by the application of foreign matter; to make foul;
to spot; as, to <i>stain</i> the hand with dye; armor <i>stained</i>
with blood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To color, as wood, glass, paper, cloth, or
the like, by processess affecting, chemically or otherwise, the
material itself; to tinge with a color or colors combining with, or
penetrating, the substance; to dye; as, to <i>stain</i> wood with
acids, colored washes, paint rubbed in, etc.; to <i>stain</i>
glass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To spot with guilt or infamy; to bring
reproach on; to blot; to soil; to tarnish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of honor void,<BR>
Of innocence, of faith, of purity,<BR>
Our wonted ornaments now soiled and <i>stained</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cause to seem inferior or soiled by
comparison.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>stains</i> the ripest virgins of her
age.</blockquote> <i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That did all other beasts in beauty
<i>stain</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Stained glass</b></col>, <cd>glass colored or stained by
certain metallic pigments fused into its substance, -- often used for
making ornament windows.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To paint; dye; blot; soil; sully; discolor;
disgrace; taint.  -- <u>Paint</u>, <u>Stain</u>, <u>Dye</u>. These
denote three different processes; the first mechanical, the other two,
chiefly chemical. To <i>paint</i> a thing is so spread a coat of
coloring matter over it; to <i>stain</i> or <i>dye</i> a thing is to
impart color to its substance. To <i>stain</i> is said chiefly of
solids, as wood, glass, paper; to <i>dye</i>, of fibrous substances,
textile fabrics, etc.; the one, commonly, a simple process, as
applying a wash; the other more complex, as fixing colors by
mordants.</p>

<p><hw>Stain</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To give or receive a
stain; to grow dim.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stain</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
discoloration by foreign matter; a spot; as, a <i>stain</i> on a
garment or cloth.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A natural spot of a color different from
the gound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Swift trouts, diversified with crimson
<i>stains</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Taint of guilt; tarnish; disgrace;
reproach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor death itself can wholly wash their
<i>stains</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our opinion . . . is, I trust, without any blemish or
<i>stain</i> of heresy.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Cause of reproach; shame.</def>  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A tincture; a tinge.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You have some <i>stain</i> of soldier in
you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Blot; spot; taint; pollution; blemish; tarnish;
color; disgrace; infamy; shame.</p>

<p><hw>Stain"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who stains or tarnishes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A workman who stains; as, a <i>stainer</i>
of wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stain"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from stain;
immaculate.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The veery care he took to keep his name<BR>
<i>Stainless</i>, with some was evidence of shame.</blockquote>
<i>Crabbe.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Blameless; spotless; faultless. See
<u>Blameless</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Stain"less*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a stainless
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stair</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>steir</i>,
<i>steyer</i>, AS. <i>st&?;ger</i>, from <i>&?;igan</i> to ascend,
rise. &radic;164. See <u>Sty</u> to ascend.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One step of a series for ascending or descending to a different
level; -- commonly applied to those within a building.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A series of steps, as for passing from one
story of a house to another; -- commonly used in the plural; but
originally used in the singular only.</def> "I a winding <i>stair</i>
found."  <i>Chaucer's Dream.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Below stairs</b></col>, <cd>in the basement or lower part
of a house, where the servants are.</cd> -- <col><b>Flight of
stairs</b></col>, <cd>the stairs which make the whole ascent of a
story.</cd> -- <col><b>Pair of stairs</b></col>, <cd>a set or flight
of stairs. -- <i>pair</i>, in this phrase, having its old meaning of a
<i>set</i>. See <u>Pair</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</cd> --
<col><b>Run of stars</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a single set of
stairs, or section of a stairway, from one platform to the next.</cd>
-- <col><b>Stair rod</b></col>, <cd>a rod, usually of metal, for
holding a stair carpet to its place.</cd> -- <col><b>Up
stairs</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Upstairs</u> in the Vocabulary.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stair"case`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A flight of
stairs with their supporting framework, casing, balusters,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To make a complete <i>staircase</i> is a curious piece
of architecture.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Staircase shell</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any scalaria, or wentletrap</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Any species of Solarium, or perspective
shell.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stair"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The head or top
of a staircase.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stair"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A flight of
stairs or steps; a staircase.</def> "A rude and narrow
<i>stairway</i>."  <i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Staith</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>st&aelig;&?;</i>
a bank, shore, from the root of E. <i>stead</i>.] <def>A landing
place; an elevated staging upon a wharf for discharging coal, etc., as
from railway cars, into vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Staith"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A man employed
in weighing and shipping at a staith.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stake</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>staca</i>, from
the root of E. <i>stick</i>; akin to OFries. & LG. <i>stake</i>, D.
<i>staak</i>, Sw. stake, Dan. <i>stage</i>. See <u>Stick</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Estacade</u>, <u>Stockade</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piece of wood, usually long and slender,
pointed at one end so as to be easily driven into the ground as a
support or stay; as, a <i>stake</i> to support vines, fences, hedges,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A sharpened <i>stake</i> strong Dryas
found.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stick inserted upright in a lop, eye, or
mortise, at the side or end of a cart, a flat car, or the like, to
prevent goods from falling off.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The piece of timber to which a martyr was
affixed to be burned; hence, martyrdom by fire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A small anvil usually furnished with a tang
to enter a hole in a bench top, -- used by tinsmiths, blacksmiths,
etc., for light work, punching upon, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which is laid down as a wager; that
which is staked or hazarded; a pledge.</def></p>

<p><col><b>At stake</b></col>, <cd>in danger; hazarded; pledged.</cd>
"I see my reputation is <i>at stake</i>." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stake</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Staked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Staking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fasten, support, or defend
with stakes; as, to <i>stake</i> vines or plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mark the limits of by stakes; -- with
<i>out</i>; as, to <i>stake</i> out land; to <i>stake</i> out a new
road.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To put at hazard upon the issue of
competition, or upon a future contingency; to wager; to
pledge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll <i>stake</i> yon lamb, that near the fountain
plays.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To pierce or wound with a stake.</def>
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stake"-driv`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common American bittern (<i>Botaurus
lentiginosus</i>); -- so called because one of its notes resembles the
sound made in driving a stake into the mud. Called also <i>meadow
hen</i>, and <i>Indian hen</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stake"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Rope making)</i>
<def>A horizontal bar on a stake, used for supporting the yarns which
are kept apart by pins in the bar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stake"hold`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The holder of
a stake; one with whom the bets are deposited when a wager is
laid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stak*tom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; falling
by drops + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>A drop measurer; a glass tube tapering
to a small orifice at the point, and having a bulb in the middle, used
for finding the number of drops in equal quantities of different
liquids. See <u>Pipette</u>.</def>  <i>Sir D. Brewster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stal</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Steal</u>.
<def>Stole.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sta*lac"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Sta*lac"tic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Stalactitic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta*lac"ti*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
stalactite; resembling a stalactite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta*lac"tite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stalactites</b></plw> (#). [Gr. &?; oozing out in drops,
dropping, fr. &?; to drop: cf. F. <i>stalactite</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A pendent cone or cylinder of calcium
carbonate resembling an icicle in form and mode of attachment.
Stalactites are found depending from the roof or sides of caverns, and
are produced by deposition from waters which have percolated through,
and partially dissolved, the overlying limestone rocks.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In an extended sense, any mineral or rock of
similar form and origin; as, a <i>stalactite</i> of lava.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stal`ac*ti"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>A
stalactite.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stal`ac*tit"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Stal`ac*tit"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>stalactitique</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a stalactite; having the form or characters
of a stalactite; stalactic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stal`ac*tit"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
the form of a stalactite; stalactiform.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta*lag"mite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; that which
drops, a drop, fr. &?; to drop; cf. F. <i>stalagmite</i>.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A deposit more or less resembling an inverted
stalactite, formed by calcareous water dropping on the floors of
caverns; hence, a similar deposit of other material.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stal`ag*mit"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Stal`ag*mit"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the form or structure of
stalagmites.</def> -- <wf>Stal`ag*mit"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Stal"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the root of
<i>stall</i>.] <def>A wooden frame to set casks on.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stale</i>,
<i>stele</i>, AS. <i>st&aelig;l</i>, <i>stel</i>; akin to LG. & D.
<i>steel</i>, G. <i>stiel</i>; cf. L. <i>stilus</i> stake, stalk,
stem, Gr. &?; a handle, and E. <i>stall</i>, <i>stalk</i>, n.]
<def>The stock or handle of anything; as, the <i>stale</i> of a
rake.</def> [Written also <i>steal</i>, <i>stele</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But seeling the arrow's <i>stale</i> without, and that
the head did go<BR>
No further than it might be seen.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stale</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Akin to <i>stale</i> urine,
and to <i>stall</i>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>probably from Low German
or Scandinavian</i>. <i>Cf</i>. <u>Stale</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Vapid or tasteless from age; having lost its
life, spirit, and flavor, from being long kept; as, <i>stale</i>
beer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not new; not freshly made; as, <i>stele</i>
bread.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having lost the life or graces of youth;
worn out; decayed.</def> "A <i>stale</i> virgin."
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Worn out by use or familiarity; having lost
its novelty and power of pleasing; trite; common.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wit itself, if <i>stale</i> is less
pleasing.</blockquote> <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How weary, <i>stale</i> flat, and unprofitable<BR>
Seem to me all the uses of this world!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Stale affidavit</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an affidavit
held above a year.</cd> <i>Craig.</i> -- <col><b>Stale
demand</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a claim or demand which has not
been pressed or demanded for a long time.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stale</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Staled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Staling</u>.] <def>To make vapid or tasteless; to destroy the life,
beauty, or use of; to wear out.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Age can not wither her, nor custom <i>stale</i><BR>
Her infinite variety.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stale</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Akin to D. & G.
<i>stallen</i>, Dan. <i>stalle</i>, Sw. <i>stalla</i>, and E.
<i>stall</i> a stable. &?; 163. See <u>Stall</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Stale</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>To make water; to discharge urine; -- said especially of horses
and cattle.</def>  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stale</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Stale</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> & <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is stale or worn out by long keeping, or by use.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A prostitute.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Urine, esp. that of beasts.</def>
"<i>Stale</i> of horses."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stale</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>estal</i> place,
position, abode, market, F. <i>&eacute;tal</i> a butcher's stall, OHG.
<i>stal</i> station, place, stable, G. <i>stall</i> (see <u>Stall</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>); or from OE. <i>stale</i> theft, AS.
<i>stalu</i> (see <u>Steal</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>)]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something set, or offered to view, as an
allurement to draw others to any place or purpose; a decoy; a stool
pigeon.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Still, as he went, he crafty <i>stales</i> did
lay.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stalking-horse.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chess)</i> <def>A stalemate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A laughingstock; a dupe.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stale"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a state stale manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of old; long since.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stale"mate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chess)</i>
<def>The position of the king when he can not move without being
placed on check and there is no other piece which can be
moved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stale"mate`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Chess)</i>
<def>To subject to a stalemate; hence, to bring to a stand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stale"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being stale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stalk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stalke</i>, fr.
AS. <i>st&aelig;l</i>, <i>stel</i>, a stalk. See <u>Stale</u> a
handle, <u>Stall</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The stem or main axis of a plant; as, a
<i>stalk</i> of wheat, rye, or oats; the <i>stalks</i> of maize or
hemp.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The petiole, pedicel, or
peduncle, of a plant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which resembes the stalk of a plant,
as the stem of a quill.</def>  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An ornament in the
Corinthian capital resembling the stalk of a plant, from which the
volutes and helices spring.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One of the two upright pieces of a
ladder.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To climd by the rungs and the
<i>stalks</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
stem or peduncle, as of certain barnacles and crinoids.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The narrow basal portion of the abdomen of a
hymenopterous insect.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The peduncle of
the eyes of decapod crustaceans.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>An iron bar with
projections inserted in a core to strengthen it; a core
arbor.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stalk borer</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the larva of
a noctuid moth (<i>Gortyna nitela</i>), which bores in the stalks of
the raspberry, strawberry, tomato, asters, and many other garden
plants, often doing much injury.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1401 !></p>

<p><hw>Stalk</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stalked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stalking</u>.] [AS. <i>st&aelig;lcan</i>, <i>stealcian</i> to go
slowly; cf. <i>stels</i> high, elevated, Dan. <i>stalke</i> to stalk;
probably akin to 1st <i>stalk</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To walk
slowly and cautiously; to walk in a stealthy, noiseless manner; --
sometimes used with a reflexive pronoun.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Into the chamber he <i>stalked</i> him full
still.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Bertran] <i>stalks</i> close behind her, like a
witch's fiend,<BR>
Pressing to be employed.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To walk behind something as a screen, for
the purpose of approaching game; to proceed under clover.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king . . . crept under the shoulder of his led
horse; . . . "I must <i>stalk</i>," said he.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One underneath his horse, to get a shoot doth
<i>stalk</i>.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To walk with high and proud steps; usually
implying the affectation of dignity, and indicating dislike. The word
is used, however, especially by the poets, to express dignity of
step.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With manly mien he <i>stalked</i> along the
ground.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then <i>stalking</i> through the deep,<BR>
He fords the ocean.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I forbear myself from entering the lists in which he
has long <i>stalked</i> alone and unchallenged.</blockquote>
<i>Mericale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stalk</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To approach under
cover of a screen, or by stealth, for the purpose of killing, as
game.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As for shooting a man from behind a wall, it is cruelly
like to <i>stalking</i> a deer.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stalk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A high, proud, stately
step or walk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus twice before, . . . <BR>
With martial <i>stalk</i> hath he gone by our watch.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The which with monstrous <i>stalk</i> behind him
stepped.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stalked</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a stalk or
stem; borne upon a stem.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stalked barnacle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a goose
barnacle, or anatifer; -- called also <i>stalk barnacle</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Stalked crinoid</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any crinoid
having a jointed stem.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stalk"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who stalks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of fishing net.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stalk"-eyed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having the eyes raised on a stalk, or peduncle; -- opposed to
<i>sessile-eyed</i>. Said especially of podophthalmous
crustaceans.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stalk-eyed crustaceans</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Podophthalmia</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stalk"ing-horse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A horse, or a figure resembling a horse,
behind which a hunter conceals himself from the game he is aiming to
kill.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Something used to cover up a secret
project; a mask; a pretense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hypocrisy is the devil's <i>stalking-horse</i> under an
affectation of simplicity and religion.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How much more abominable is it to make of him [Christ]
and religion a <i>stalking-horse</i>, to get and enjoy the
world!</blockquote> <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stalk"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
stalk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stalk"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hard as a stalk;
resembling a stalk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At the top [it] bears a great <i>stalky</i>
head.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stall</hw> (st&add;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stal</i>,
AS. <i>steall</i>, <i>stall</i>, a place, seat, or station, a stable;
akin to D. & OHG. <i>stal</i>, G. & Sw. <i>stall</i>, Icel.
<i>stallr</i>, Dan. <i>stald</i>, originally, a standing place; akin
to G. <i>stelle</i> a place, <i>stellen</i> to place, Gr.
<grk>ste`llein</grk> to set, place, send, and E. <i>stand</i>.
&radic;163. See <u>Stand</u>, and cf. <u>Apostle</u>, <u>Epistle</u>,
<u>Forestall</u>, <u>Install</u>, <u>Stale</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> &
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, 1st <u>Stalk</u>, <u>Stallion</u>,
<u>Still</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stand; a station; a fixed
spot; hence, the stand or place where a horse or an ox is kept and
fed; the division of a stable, or the compartment, for one horse, ox,
or other animal.</def> "In an oxes <i>stall</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stable; a place for cattle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At last he found a <i>stall</i> where oxen
stood.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small apartment or shed in which
merchandise is exposed for sale; as, a butcher's <i>stall</i>; a
book<i>stall</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A bench or table on which small articles of
merchandise are exposed for sale.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How peddlers' <i>stalls</i> with glittering toys are
laid.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A seat in the choir of a church, for one of
the officiating clergy.  It is inclosed, either wholly or partially,
at the back and sides.  The stalls are frequently very rich, with
canopies and elaborate carving.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dignified clergy, out of humility, have called
their thrones by the names of <i>stalls</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Warburton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Loud the monks sang in their
<i>stalls</i>.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>In the theater, a seat with arms or
otherwise partly inclosed, as distinguished from the benches, sofas,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The space left by
excavation between pillars. See <i>Post and stall</i>, under
<u>Post</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stall reader</b></col>, <cd>one who reads books at a stall
where they are exposed for sale.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Cries the <i>stall reader</i>, "Bless us! what a word
on<BR>
A titlepage is this!"</blockquote>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stall</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stalled</u> (st&add;ld); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Stalling</u>.] [Cf. Sw. <i>stalla</i>, Dan.
<i>stalde</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put into a stall or stable;
to keep in a stall or stalls; as, to <i>stall</i> an ox.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where King Latinus then his oxen
<i>stalled</i>.</blockquote>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fatten; as, to stall cattle.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To place in an office with the customary
formalities; to install.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To plunge into mire or snow so as not to be
able to get on; to set; to fix; as, to <i>stall</i> a cart.</def>
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His horses had been <i>stalled</i> in the
snow.</blockquote> <i>E. E. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To forestall; to anticipitate.</def> [Obs.]
</p>

<p><blockquote>This not to be <i>stall'd</i> by my
report.</blockquote> <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To keep close; to keep secret.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Stall</i> this in your bosom.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stall</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [AS. <i>steallian</i> to
have room. See <u>Stall</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To live in, or as in, a stall; to dwell.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We could not <i>stall</i> together<BR>
In the whole world.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To kennel, as dogs.</def>
 <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be set, as in mire or snow; to stick
fast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be tired of eating, as cattle.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stall"age</hw> (st&add;l"&asl;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>estallage</i>, of German origin. See <u>Stall</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>The
right of erecting a stalls in fairs; rent paid for a stall.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dung of cattle or horses, mixed with
straw.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stal*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Installation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stalled</hw> (st&add;ld <i>or</i> st&add;l"&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Put or kept in a stall; hence, fatted.</def>
"A <i>stalled</i> ox."  <i>Prov. xv. 17.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stall"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A standard
bearer.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stall"-feed</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Stall-fed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Stall-feeding</u>.] <def>To feed and fatten in a stall
or on dry fodder; as, to <i>stall-feed</i> an ox.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stall"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Stabling.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stal"lion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stalon</i>,
OF. <i>estalon</i>, F. <i>&eacute;talon</i>, fr. OHG. <i>stal</i> a
stable. See <u>Stall</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A male horse not
castrated; a male horse kept for breeding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stall"man</hw> (st&add;l"m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Stallmen</b></plw> (-m<i>e</i>n). <def>One who
keeps a stall for the sale of merchandise, especially books.</def>
<i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stal"lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A slip from a
plant; a scion; a cutting.</def> [R.]  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stal"wart</hw> (?), <hw>Stal"worth</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stalworth</i>, AS.
<i>st&aelig;lwyr&eth;</i> serviceable, probably originally, good at
stealing, or worth stealing or taking, and afterwards extended to
other causes of estimation. See <u>Steal</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>,
<u>Worth</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Brave; bold; strong;
redoubted; daring; vehement; violent.</def> "A <i>stalwart</i> tiller
of the soil."  <i>Prof. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fair man be was and wise, <i>stalworth</i> and
bold.</blockquote>
 <i>R. of Brunne.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Stalworth</i> is now disused, or bur little used,
<i>stalwart</i> having taken its place.</p>

<p><hw>Stal"wart*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
stalwart manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stal"wart*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being stalwart.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stal"worth*hood</hw> (?), <hw>Stal"worth*ness</hw> (&?;)},
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of being stalworth;
stalwartness; boldness; daring.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sta"men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Stamens</b></plw> (#) (used only in the second sense); L.
<plw><b>Stamina</b></plw> (#) (in the first sense). [L. <i>stamen</i>
the warp, a thread, fiber, akin to Gr. &?; the warp, fr. &?; to stand,
akin to E. <i>stand</i>.  See <u>Stand</u>, and cf. <u>Stamin</u>,
<u>Stamina</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thread; especially, a warp
thread.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> (pl. <u>Stamens</u>, rarely <u>Stamina</u>.)
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The male organ of flowers for secreting and
furnishing the pollen or fecundating dust. It consists of the
<i>anther</i> and <i>filament</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"mened</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with
stamens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"min</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>estamine</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;tamine</i>, LL. <i>staminea</i>, <i>stamineum</i>, fr. L.
<i>stamineus</i> consisting of threads, fr. <i>stamen</i> a thread.
See <u>Stamen</u>, and cf. <u>Stamineous</u>, 2d <u>Stammel</u>,
<u>Tamine</u>.] <def>A kind of woolen cloth.</def> [Written also
<i>stamine</i>.] [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stam"i*na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Stamen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stam"i*na</hw>, <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The fixed, firm part of a body, which supports it or gives it
strength and solidity; as, the bones are the <i>stamina</i> of animal
bodies; the ligneous parts of trees are the <i>stamina</i> which
constitute their strength.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Whatever constitutes the principal strength
or support of anything; power of endurance; backbone; vigor; as, the
<i>stamina</i> of a constitution or of life; the <i>stamina</i> of a
State.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He succeeded to great captains who had sapped the whole
<i>stamina</i> and resistance of the contest.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stam"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>staminal</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to stamens or stamina;
consisting in stamens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stam"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>staminatus</i> consisting of threads, fr. <i>stamen</i> thread: cf.
F. <i>stamin&eacute;</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Furnished with stamens; producing stamens.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having stamens, but lacking
pistils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stam"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To indue
with stamina.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sta*min"e*al</hw> (?), <hw>Sta*min"e*ous</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stamineus</i>, from <i>stamen</i> thread.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of stamens or threads.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
stamens; possessing stamens; also, attached to the stamens; as, a
<i>stamineous</i> nectary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stam`i*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Stamen</i>
+ <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Bearing or having stamens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stam"i*node</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
staminodium.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stam`i*no"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Staminodia</b></plw> (#). [NL. <i>See</i> <u>Stamen</u>, and -
<u>oid</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An abortive stamen, or any organ
modified from an abortive stamen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stam"mel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A large, clumsy
horse.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stam"mel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>estamel</i>; cf.
OF. <i>estamet</i> a coarse woolen cloth, LL. <i>stameta</i> a kind of
cloth, the same as <i>staminea</i>, and OF. <i>estame</i> a woolen
stuff. See <u>Stamin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of woolen
cloth formerly in use. It seems to have been often of a red
color.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A red dye, used in England in the 15th and
16th centuries.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stam"mel</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the color of
stammel; having a red color, thought inferior to scarlet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stam"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stammered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stammering</u>.] [OE. <i>stameren</i>, fr. AS. <i>stamur</i>,
<i>stamer</i>, stammering; akin to D. & LG. <i>stameren</i> to
stammer, G. <i>stammeln</i>, OHG. <i>stammal&?;n</i>,
<i>stamm&?;n</i>, Dan. <i>stamme</i>, Sw. <i>stamma</i>, Icel.
<i>stama</i>, <i>stamma</i>, OHG. & Dan. <i>stam</i> stammering, Icel.
<i>stamr</i>, <i>Goth</i>. <i>stamms</i>, and to G. <i>stemmen</i> to
bear against, <i>stumm</i> dumb, D. <i>stom</i>.  Cf. <u>Stem</u> to
resist, <u>Stumble</u>.] <def>To make involuntary stops in uttering
syllables or words; to hesitate or falter in speaking; to speak with
stops and diffivulty; to stutter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would thou couldst <i>stammer</i>, that thou mightest
pour this conclead man out of thy mouth, as wine comes out of a
narrow-mouthed bottle, either too much at once, or none at
all.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stam"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To utter or
pronounce with hesitation or imperfectly; -- sometimes with
<i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stam"mer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Defective utterance,
or involuntary interruption of utterance; a stutter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stam"mer*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
stammers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stam"mer*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Apt to stammer;
hesitating in speech; stuttering.</def> -- <wf>Stam"mer*ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Stam"mer*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>A disturbance in the formation of sounds. It is due essentially
to long-continued spasmodic contraction of the diaphragm, by which
expiration is preented, and hence it may be considered as a spasmodic
inspiration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stamp</hw> (?) <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stamped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stamping</u>.] [OE. <i>stampen</i>; akin to LG. & D.
<i>stampen</i>, G. <i>stampfen</i>, OHG. <i>stanpf&?;n</i>, Dan.
<i>stampe</i>, Sw. <i>stampa</i>, Icel. <i>stappa</i>, G.
<i>stampf</i> a pestle and E. <i>step</i>. See <u>Step</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Stampede</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
strike beat, or press forcibly with the bottom of the foot, or by
thrusting the foot downward.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He frets, he fumes, he stares, he <i>stamps</i> the
ground.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring down (the foot) forcibly on the
ground or floor; as, he <i>stamped</i> his foot with rage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To crush; to pulverize; specifically
<i>(Metal.)</i>, to crush by the blow of a heavy stamp, as ore in a
mill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I took your sin, the calf which ye had made, and burnt
it with fire, and <i>stamped</i> it, and ground it very
small.</blockquote> <i>Deut. ix. 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To impress with some mark or figure; as, to
<i>stamp</i> a plate with arms or initials.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To impress; to imprint; to fix
deeply; as, to <i>stamp</i> virtuous principles on the
heart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God . . . has <i>stamped</i> no original characters on
our minds wherein we may read his being.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To cut out, bend, or indent, as paper,
sheet metal, etc., into various forms, by a blow or suddenly applied
pressure with a stamp or die, etc.; to mint; to coin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To put a stamp on, as for postage; as, to
<i>stamp</i> a letter; to <i>stamp</i> a legal document.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To stamp out</b></col>, <cd>to put an end to by sudden and
energetic action; to extinguish; as, <i>to stamp out</i> a
rebellion.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stamp</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
strike; to beat; to crush.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These cooks how they <i>stamp</i> and strain and
grind.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike the foot forcibly
downward.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But starts, exclaims, and <i>stamps</i>, and raves, and
dies.</blockquote> <i>dennis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stamp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of stamping, as with the foot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The which stamps; any instrument for making
impressions on other bodies, as a die.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is gold so pure<BR>
It can not bear the <i>stamp</i> without alloy.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The mark made by stamping; a mark
imprinted; an impression.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That sacred name gives ornament and grace,<BR>
And, like his <i>stamp</i>, makes basest metals pass.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>that which is marked; a thing
stamped.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>hanging a golden <i>stamp</i> about their
necks.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> [F. <i>estampe</i>, of german origin. See
<u>Stamp</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A picture cut in wood or
metal, or made by impression; a cut; a plate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>At Venice they put out very curious <i>stamps</i> of
the several edifices which are most famous for their beauty and
magnificence.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An offical mark set upon things chargeable
with a duty or tax to government, as evidence that the duty or tax is
paid; as, the <i>stamp</i> on a bill of exchange.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a stamped or printed device, issued
by the government at a fixed price, and required by law to be affixed
to, or stamped on, certain papers, as evidence that the government
dues are paid; as, a postage <i>stamp</i>; a receipt <i>stamp</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for cutting out, or shaping,
materials, as paper, leather, etc., by a downward pressure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A character or reputation, good or bad,
fixed on anything as if by an imprinted mark; current value;
authority; as, these persons have the <i>stamp</i> of dishonesty; the
Scriptures bear the <i>stamp</i> of a divine origin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of the same <i>stamp</i> is that which is obtruded on
us, that an adamant suspends the attraction of the
loadstone.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Make; cast; form; character; as, a man of
the same <i>stamp</i>, or of a different <i>stamp</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A soldier of this season's <i>stamp</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>A kind of heavy hammer, or pestle, raised
by water or steam power, for beating ores to powder; anything like a
pestle, used for pounding or bathing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>A half-penny.</def> [Obs.]  <i>au. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Money, esp. paper money.</def>
[Slang, U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Stamp act</b></col>, <cd>an act of the British Parliament
[1765] imposing a duty on all paper, vellum, and parchment used in the
American colonies, and declaring all writings on unstamped materials
to be null an void.</cd> -- <col><b>Stamp collector</b></col>, <cd>an
officer who receives or collects stamp duties; one who collects
postage or other stamps.</cd> -- <col><b>Stamp duty</b></col>, <cd>a
duty, or tax, imposed on paper and parchment used for certain
writings, as deeds, conveyances, etc., the evidence of the payment of
the duty or tax being a stamp.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>Stamp
hammer</b></col>, <cd>a hammer, worked by power, which rises and falls
vertically, like a stamp in a stamp mill.</cd> -- <col><b>Stamp
head</b></col>, <cd>a heavy mass of metal, forming the head or lower
end of a bar, which is lifted and let fall, in a stamp mill.</cd> --
<col><b>Stamp mill</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>a mill in which ore
is crushed with stamps; also, a machine for stamping ore.</cd> --
<col><b>Stamp note</b></col>, <cd>a stamped certificate from a
customhouse officer, which allows goods to be received by the captain
of a ship as freight.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>Stamp office</b></col>,
<cd>an office for the issue of stamps and the reception of stamp
duties.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stam*pede"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>estampida</i>
(in America) a stampede, <i>estampido</i> a crackling, akin to
<i>estampar</i> to stamp, of German origin. See <u>Stamp</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A wild, headlong scamper, or running
away, of a number of animals; usually caused by fright; hence, any
sudden flight or dispersion, as of a crowd or an army in consequence
of a panic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She and her husband would join in the general
<i>stampede</i>.</blockquote> <i>W. Black.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1402 !></p>

<p><hw>Stam*pede"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To run away
in a panic; -- said droves of cattle, horses, etc., also of
armies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stam*pede"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To disperse by
causing sudden fright, as a herd or drove of animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stamp"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who stamps.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for pounding or
stamping.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stamp"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Stamp</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Stamping ground</b></col>, <cd>a place frequented, and much
trodden, by animals, wild or domesticated</cd>; hence (Colloq.),
<cd>the scene of one's labors or exploits; also, one's favorite
resort.</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>Stamping machine</b></col>, <cd>a
machine for forming metallic articles or impressions by stamping.</cd>
-- <col><b>Stamping mill</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>a stamp
mill.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>estance</i>. See
<u>Stanza</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stanza.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A station; a position; a site.</def>
[Scot.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stanch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stanched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stanching</u>.] [OF. <i>estanchier</i>, F. <i>&eacute;tancher</i>
to stpo a liquid from flowing; akin to Pr., Sp., & Pg.
<i>estancar</i>, It. <i>stancare</i> to weary, LL. <i>stancare</i>,
<i>stagnare</i>, to stanch, fr. L. <i>stagnare</i> to be or make
stagnant. See <u>Stagnate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stop the
flowing of, as blood; to check; also, to stop the flowing of blood
from; as, to <i>stanch</i> a wound.</def> [Written also
<i>staunch</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Iron or a stone laid to the neck doth <i>stanch</i> the
bleeding of the nose.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To extinguish; to quench, as fire or
thirst.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stanch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To cease, as the
flowing of blood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Immediately her issue of blood
<i>stanched</i>.</blockquote> <i>Luke viii. 44.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stanch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
which stanches or checks.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A flood gate by which water is accumulated,
for floating a boat over a shallow part of a stream by its
release.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stanch</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Stancher</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Stanchest</u>.]
[From <u>Stanch</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and hence literally
signifying, stopped or stayed; cf. Sp. <i>estanco</i> stopped, tight,
not leaky, as a ship. See <u>Stanch</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
[Written also <i>staunch</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Strong and
tight; sound; firm; as, a <i>stanch</i> ship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One of the closets is parqueted with plain deal, set in
diamond, exceeding <i>stanch</i> and pretty.</blockquote>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Firm in principle; constant and zealous;
loyal; hearty; steady; steadfast; as, a <i>stanch</i> churchman; a
<i>stanch</i> friend or adherent.</def>  <i>V. Knox.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In politics I hear you 're <i>stanch</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Close; secret; private.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This to be kept <i>stanch</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stanch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To prop; to make
stanch, or strong.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His gathered sticks to <i>stanch</i> the wall<BR>
Of the snow tower when snow should fall.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stan"chel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
stanchion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stanch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, stanches, or stops, the flowing, as of blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stan"chion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>estanson</i>,
<i>estan&ccedil;on</i>, F. <i>&eacute;tan&ccedil;on</i>, from OF.
<i>estance</i> a stay, a prop, from L. <i>stans</i>, <i>stantis</i>,
standing, p. pr. of <i>stare</i> to stand. See <u>Stand</u>, and cf.
<u>Stanza</u>.] [Written also <i>stanchel</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A prop or support; a piece of timber in the form
of a stake or post, used for a support or stay.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Any upright post or beam
used as a support, as for the deck, the quarter rails, awnings,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A vertical bar for confining cattle in a
stall.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stanch"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Incapable of being stanched, or stopped.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unquenchable; insatiable.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stanch"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a stanch
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stanch"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being stanch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stand</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stood</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Standing</u>.] [OE. <i>standen</i>; AS. <i>standan</i>; akin to
OFries. <i>stonda</i>, <i>st&amacr;n</i>, D. <i>staan</i>, OS.
<i>standan</i>, <i>st&amacr;n</i>, G. <i>stehen</i>, Icel.
<i>standa</i>, Dan. <i>staae</i>, Sw. <i>st&aring;</i>, Goth.
<i>standan</i>, Russ. <i>stoiate</i>, L. <i>stare</i>, Gr. &?; to
cause to stand, &?; to stand, Skr. <i>sth&amacr;</i>. &radic;163.  Cf.
<u>Assist</u>, <u>Constant</u>, <u>Contrast</u>, <u>Desist</u>,
<u>Destine</u>, <u>Ecstasy</u>, <u>Exist</u>, <u>Interstice</u>,
<u>Obstacle</u>, <u>Obstinate</u>, <u>Prest</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<u>Rest</u> remainder, <u>Soltice</u>, <u>Stable</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> & <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>State</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Statute</u>, <u>Stead</u>, <u>Steed</u>,
<u>Stool</u>, <u>Stud</u> of horses, <u>Substance</u>, <u>System</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be at rest in an erect position; to be
fixed in an upright or firm position</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>To be supported on the feet, in an erect or nearly erect
position; -- opposed to <i>lie</i>, <i>sit</i>, <i>kneel</i>,
etc.</def>  "I pray you all, <i>stand</i> up!" <i>Shak.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To continue upright in a certain locality, as
a tree fixed by the roots, or a building resting on its
foundation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>stands</i> as it were to the ground
yglued.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The ruined wall<BR>
<i>Stands</i> when its wind worn battlements are gone.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To occupy or hold a place; to have a
situation; to be situated or located; as, Paris <i>stands</i> on the
Seine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wite ye not where there <i>stands</i> a little
town?</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cease from progress; not to proceed; to
stop; to pause; to halt; to remain stationary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I charge thee, <i>stand</i>,<BR>
And tell thy name.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The star, which they saw in the east, went before them,
till it came and <i>stood</i> over where the young child
was.</blockquote> <i>Matt. ii. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To remain without ruin or injury; to hold
good against tendencies to impair or injure; to be permanent; to
endure; to last; hence, to find endurance, strength, or
resources.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My mind on its own center <i>stands</i>
unmoved.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To maintain one's ground; to be acquitted;
not to fail or yield; to be safe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Readers by whose judgment I would <i>stand</i> or
fall.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To maintain an invincible or permanent
attitude; to be fixed, steady, or firm; to take a position in
resistance or opposition.</def> "The <i>standing</i> pattern of their
imitation."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The king granted the Jews . . . to gather themselves
together, and to <i>stand</i> for their life.</blockquote> <i>Esther
viii. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To adhere to fixed principles; to maintain
moral rectitude; to keep from falling into error or vice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We must labor so as to <i>stand</i> with godliness,
according to his appointment.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To have or maintain a position, order, or
rank; to be in a particular relation; as, Christian charity, or love,
<i>stands</i> first in the rank of gifts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To be in some particular state; to have
essence or being; to be; to consist.</def> "Sacrifices . . . which
<i>stood</i> only in meats and drinks."  <i>Heb. ix. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Accomplish what your signs foreshow;<BR>
I <i>stand</i> resigned, and am prepared to go.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou seest how it <i>stands</i> with me, and that I may
not tarry.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To be consistent; to agree; to
accord.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Doubt me not; by heaven, I will do nothing<BR>
But what may <i>stand</i> with honor.</blockquote>
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To hold a course at sea;
as, to <i>stand</i> from the shore; to <i>stand</i> for the
harbor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From the same parts of heaven his navy
<i>stands</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>To offer one's self, or to be offered, as
a candidate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>stood</i> to be elected one of the proctors of
the university.</blockquote> <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>To stagnate; not to flow; to be
motionless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or the black water of Pomptina
<i>stands</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>To measure when erect on the
feet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Six feet two, as I think, he
<i>stands</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To be or
remain as it is; to continue in force; to have efficacy or validity;
to abide.</def> <i>Bouvier.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To appear in
court.</def> <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Stand by</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a preparatory order,
equivalent to <i>Be ready</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To stand
against</b></col>, <cd>to opposite; to resist.</cd> -- <col><b>To
stand by</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To be near; to be a
spectator; to be present</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To be aside; to
be aside with disregard</cd>. "In the interim [we] let the commands
<i>stand by</i> neglected." <i>Dr. H. More.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<cd>To maintain; to defend; to support; not to desert; as, <i>to stand
by</i> one's principles or party.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To rest
on for support; to be supported by</cd>. <i>Whitgift.</i> --
<col><b>To stand corrected</b></col>, <cd>to be set right, as after an
error in a statement of fact.</cd> <i>Wycherley.</i> -- <col><b>To
stand fast</b></col>, <cd>to be fixed; to be unshaken or
immovable.</cd> -- <col><b>To stand firmly on</b></col>, <cd>to be
satisfied or convinced of.</cd> "Though Page be a secure fool, and
<i>stands</i> so <i>firmly on</i> his wife's frailty." <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>To stand for</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To side with;
to espouse the cause of; to support; to maintain, or to profess or
attempt to maintain; to defend.</cd>  "I <i>stand</i> wholly
<i>for</i> you." <i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To be in the
place of; to be the substitute or to represent; as, a cipher at the
left hand of a figure <i>stands for</i> nothing.</cd> "I will not
trouble myself, whether these names <i>stand for</i> the same thing,
or really include one another." <i>Locke.</i> -- <col><b>To stand
in</b></col>, <cd>to cost.</cd> "The same <i>standeth</i> them
<i>in</i> much less cost." <i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Punic wars could not have <i>stood</i> the human
race <i>in</i> less than three millions of the species.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To stand in hand</b></col>, <cd>to conduce to one's
interest; to be serviceable or advantageous.</cd> -- <col><b>To stand
off</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To keep at a distance</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Not to comply</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To
keep at a distance in friendship, social intercourse, or
acquaintance</cd>. <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To appear prominent; to
have relief</cd>. "Picture is best when it <i>standeth off</i>, as if
it were carved." <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i> -- <col><b>To stand off and
on</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to remain near a coast by sailing
toward land and then from it.</cd> -- <col><b>To stand on</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to continue on the same tack or course.</cd> --
<col><b>To stand out</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To project; to
be prominent</cd>. "Their eyes <i>stand out</i> with fatness."
<i>Psalm lxxiii. 7.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To persist in
opposition or resistance; not to yield or comply; not to give way or
recede.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>His spirit is come in,<BR>
That so <i>stood out</i> against the holy church.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To stand to</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To ply;
to urge; to persevere in using</cd>. "<i>Stand to</i> your tackles,
mates, and stretch your oars." <i>Dryden.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To remain fixed in a purpose or opinion.</cd> "I will <i>stand
to</i> it, that this is his sense." <i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To abide by; to adhere to; as to a contrast,
assertion, promise, etc.; as, <i>to stand to</i> an award; <i>to stand
to</i> one's word.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>Not to yield; not to
fly; to maintain, as one's ground</cd>. "Their lives and fortunes were
put in safety, whether they <i>stood to</i> it or ran away."
<i>Bacon.</i> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>To be consistent with; to agree
with; as, it <i>stands to</i> reason that he could not have done
so.</cd> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <cd>To support; to uphold</cd>. "<i>Stand
to</i> me in this cause." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To stand
together</b></col>, <cd>to be consistent; to agree.</cd> -- <col><b>To
stand to sea</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to direct the course from
land.</cd> -- <col><b>To stand under</b></col>, <cd>to undergo; to
withstand.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To stand up</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To rise from sitting; to be on the feet</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To arise in order to speak or act</cd>.
"Against whom, when the accusers <i>stood up</i>, they brought none
accusation of such things as I supposed." <i>Acts xxv. 18.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To rise and stand on end, as the hair.</cd>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To put one's self in opposition; to
contend</cd>. "Once we <i>stood up</i> about the corn." <i>Shak.</i> -
- <col><b>To stand up for</b></col>, <cd>to defend; to justify; to
support, or attempt to support; as, <i>to stand up for</i> the
administration.</cd> -- <col><b>To stand upon</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To concern; to interest</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To value; to esteem</cd>. "We highly esteem
and <i>stand</i> much <i>upon</i> our birth." <i>Ray.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To insist on; to attach much importance to;
as, <i>to stand upon</i> security; <i>to stand upon</i> ceremony.</cd>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To attack; to assault.</cd> [A Hebraism] "So I
<i>stood upon</i> him, and slew him." <i>2 Sam. i. 10.</i> --
<col><b>To stand with</b></col>, <cd>to be consistent with.</cd> "It
<i>stands with</i> reason that they should be rewarded liberally."
<i>Sir J. Davies.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Stand</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To endure; to sustain; to bear; as, I can not <i>stand</i> the
cold or the heat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To resist, without yielding or receding; to
withstand.</def> "Love <i>stood</i> the siege."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>stood</i> the furious foe.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To abide by; to submit to; to
suffer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bid him disband his legions, . . . <BR>
And <i>stand</i> the judgment of a Roman senate.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To set upright; to cause to stand; as, to
<i>stand</i> a book on the shelf; to <i>stand</i> a man on his
feet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To be at the expense of; to pay for; as, to
<i>stand</i> a treat.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To stand fire</b></col>, <cd>to receive the fire of arms
from an enemy without giving way.</cd> -- <col><b>To stand one's
ground</b></col>, <cd>to keep the ground or station one has taken; to
maintain one's position.</cd> "Peasants and burghers, however brave,
are unable <i>to stand their ground</i> against veteran soldiers."
<i>Macaulay.</i> -- <col><b>To stand trial</b></col>, <cd>to sustain
the trial or examination of a cause; not to give up without
trial.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stand</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [As. <i>stand</i>. See
<u>Stand</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of standing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I took my <i>stand</i> upon an eminence . . . to look
into thier several ladings.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A halt or stop for the purpose of defense,
resistance, or opposition; as, to come to, or to make, a
<i>stand</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Vice is at <i>stand</i>, and at the highest
flow.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A place or post where one stands; a place
where one may stand while observing or waiting for
something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have found you out a <i>stand</i> most fit,<BR>
Where you may have such vantage on the duke,<BR>
He shall not pass you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A station in a city or town where carriages
or wagons stand for hire; as, a cab <i>stand</i>.</def>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A raised platform or station where a race
or other outdoor spectacle may be viewed; as, the judge's or the grand
<i>stand</i> at a race course.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A small table; also, something on or in
which anything may be laid, hung, or placed upright; as, a hat
<i>stand</i>; an umbrella <i>stand</i>; a music
<i>stand</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A place where a witness stands to testify
in court.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>The situation of a shop, store, hotel,
etc.; as, a good, bad, or convenient <i>stand</i> for business.</def>
[U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Rank; post; station; standing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Father, since your fortune did attain<BR>
So high a <i>stand</i>, I mean not to descend.</blockquote>
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A state of perplexity or embarrassment;
as, to be at a <i>stand</i> what to do.</def>  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>A young tree, usually reserved when other
trees are cut; also, a tree growing or standing upon its own root, in
distinction from one produced from a scion set in a stock, either of
the same or another kind of tree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>A weight of from two hundred
and fifty to three hundred pounds, -- used in weighing
pitch.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Microscope stand</b></col>, <cd>the instrument, excepting
the eyepiece, objective, and other removable optical parts.</cd> --
<col><b>Stand of ammunition</b></col>, <cd>the projectile, cartridge,
and sabot connected together.</cd> -- <col><b>Stand of arms</b></col>.
<i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Arms</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Stand of
colors</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a single color, or flag.</cd>
<i>Wilhelm (Mil. Dict.)</i> -- <col><b>To be at a stand</b></col>,
<cd>to be stationary or motionless; to be at a standstill; hence, to
be perplexed; to be embarrassed.</cd> -- <col><b>To make a
stand</b></col>, <cd>to halt for the purpose of offering resistance to
a pursuing enemy.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Stop; halt; rest; interruption; obstruction;
perplexity; difficulty; embarrassment; hesitation.</p>

<p><hw>Stand"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A
reservior in which water accumulates at the bottom of a
mine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stand"ard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>estendart</i>,
F. <i>&eacute;tendard</i>, probably fr. L. <i>extendere</i> to spread
out, extend, but influenced by E. <i>stand</i>. See <u>Extend</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A flag; colors; a banner; especially, a
national or other ensign.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His armies, in the following day,<BR>
On those fair plains their <i>standards</i> proud
display.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is established by authority as a
rule for the measure of quantity, extent, value, or quality; esp., the
original specimen weight or measure sanctioned by government, as the
standard pound, gallon, or yard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is established as a rule or
model by authority, custom, or general consent; criterion;
test.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The court, which used to be the <i>standard</i> of
property and correctness of speech.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A disposition to preserve, and an ability to improve,
taken together, would be my <i>standard</i> of a
statesman.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Coinage)</i> <def>The proportion of weights
of fine metal and alloy established by authority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By the present <i>standard</i> of the coinage, sixty-
two shillings is coined out of one pound weight of
silver.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Hort.)</i> <def>A tree of natural size
supported by its own stem, and not dwarfed by grafting on the stock of
a smaller species nor trained upon a wall or trellis.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In France part of their gardens is laid out for
flowers, others for fruits; some <i>standards</i>, some against
walls.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The upper petal or banner of
a papilionaceous corolla.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mech. & Carp.)</i> <def>An upright support,
as one of the poles of a scaffold; any upright in framing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>An inverted knee
timber placed upon the deck instead of beneath it, with its vertical
branch turned upward from that which lies horizontally.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>The sheth of a plow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A large drinking cup.</def>
<i>Greene.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Standard bearer</b></col>, <cd>an officer of an army,
company, or troop, who bears a standard; -- commonly called <i>color
sergeant</i>or <i>color bearer</i>; hence, the leader of any
organization; as, the <i>standard bearer</i> of a political
party.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stand"ard</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Being, affording, or according with, a standard for comparison
and judgment; as, <i>standard</i> time; <i>standard</i> weights and
measures; a <i>standard</i> authority as to nautical terms;
<i>standard</i> gold or silver.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Having a recognized and permanent
value; as, <i>standard</i> works in history; <i>standard</i>
authors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Hort.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Not
supported by, or fastened to, a wall; as, <i>standard</i> fruit
trees.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Not of the dwarf kind; as, a
<i>standard</i> pear tree.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Standard candle</b></col>, <col><b>Standard
gauge</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Candle</u>, and <u>Gauge</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Standard solution</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Standardized solution</i>, under <u>Solution</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stand"ard-bred`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bred in
conformity to a standard. Specif., applied to a registered trotting
horse which comes up to the standard adopted by the National
Association of Trotting-horse Breeders.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Stand"ard*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>To reduce to a normal standard; to calculate or adjust the
strength of, by means of, and for uses in, analysis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stand"ard-wing`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A curious paradise bird (<i>Semioptera
Wallacii</i>) which has two long special feathers standing erect on
each wing.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1403 !></p>

<p><hw>Stand"-by`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, stands by one in need; something upon which one relies for
constant use or in an emergency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stand"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A young tree,
especially one reserved when others are cut.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stand"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who stands.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Standel</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stand"er-by`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who stands
near; one who is present; a bystander.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stand"er*grass`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A plant (<i>Orchis mascula</i>); -- called also
<i>standerwort</i>, and <i>long purple</i>. See <i>Long purple</i>,
under <u>Long</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stand"gale`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Stannel</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stand"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Remaining erect; not cut down; as, <i>standing</i>
corn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not flowing; stagnant; as, <i>standing</i>
water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not transitory; not liable to fade or
vanish; lasting; as, a <i>standing</i> color.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Established by law, custom, or the like;
settled; continually existing; permanent; not temporary; as, a
<i>standing</i> army; legislative bodies have <i>standing</i> rules of
proceeding and <i>standing</i> committees.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Not movable; fixed; as, a <i>standing</i>
bed (distinguished from a <i>trundle</i>-bed).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Standing army</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Standing army</i>,
under <u>Army</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Standing bolt</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Stud bolt</i>, under <u>Stud</u>, a stem.</cd> -- <col><b>Standing
committee</b></col>, <cd>in legislative bodies, etc., a committee
appointed for the consideration of all subjects of a particular class
which shall arise during the session or a stated period.</cd> --
<col><b>Standing cup</b></col>, <cd>a tall goblet, with a foot and a
cover.</cd> -- <col><b>Standing finish</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>,
<cd>that part of the interior fittings, esp. of a dwelling house,
which is permanent and fixed in its place, as distinguished from
doors, sashes, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Standing order</b></col>
<i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>the denomination (Congregiational) established by
law; -- a term formerly used in Connecticut. See also under
<u>Order</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Standing part</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>That part of a tackle which is made fast to a
block, point, or other object</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>That part
of a rope around which turns are taken with the running part in making
a knot of the like.</cd> -- <col><b>Standing rigging</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the cordage or rope which sustain the masts and
remain fixed in their position, as the shrouds and stays, --
distinguished from <i>running rigging</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stand"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of stopping, or coming to a stand; the state of being
erect upon the feet; stand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Maintenance of position; duration; duration
or existence in the same place or condition; continuance; as, a custom
of long <i>standing</i>; an officer of long <i>standing</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An ancient thing of long <i>standing</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Place to stand in; station;
stand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will provide you a good <i>standing</i> to see his
entry.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I think in deep mire, where there is no
<i>standing</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxix. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Condition in society; relative position;
reputation; rank; as, a man of good <i>standing</i>, or of high
<i>standing</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Standing off</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>sailing from the
land.</cd> -- <col><b>Standing on</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>sailing toward land.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stand"ish</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stand</i> +
<i>dish</i>.] <def>A stand, or case, for pen and ink.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I bequeath to Dean Swift, Esq., my large silver
<i>standish</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stand"pipe`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Engin.)</i> <def>A vertical pipe, open at the top, between a
hydrant and a reservoir, to equalize the flow of water; also, a large
vertical pipe, near a pumping engine, into which water is forced up,
so as to give it sufficient head to rise to the required level at a
distance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Boiler)</i> <def>A supply pipe of
sufficient elevation to enable the water to flow into the boiler,
notwithstanding the pressure of the steam.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stand"point`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>standpunkt</i>.] <def>A fixed point or station; a basis or
fundamental principle; a position from which objects or principles are
viewed, and according to which they are compared and judged.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stand"still`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A standing
without moving forward or backward; a stop; a state or rest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stone.</def> [Scot.
& Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stang</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Sting</u>.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Stang</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stange</i>, of Scand.
or Dutch origin; cf. Icel. <i>st&ouml;ng</i>, akin to Dan.
<i>stang</i>, Sw. <i>st&aring;ng</i>, D. <i>stang</i>, G.
<i>stange</i>, OHG. <i>stanga</i>, AS. <i>steng</i>; from the root of
E. <i>sting</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A long bar; a pole; a shaft;
a stake.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In land measure, a pole, rod, or
perch.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Stang ball</b></col>, <cd>a projectile consisting of two
half balls united by a bar; a bar shot. See <i>Illust.</i> of <i>Bar
shot</i>, under <u>Bar</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To ride the
stang</b></col>, <cd>to be carried on a pole on men's shoulders. This
method of punishing wife beaters, etc., was once in vogue in some
parts of England.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stang</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Akin to <i>sting</i>; cf.
Icel. <i>stanga</i> to prick, to goad.] <def>To shoot with pain.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stan"hope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A light two-
wheeled, or sometimes four-wheeled, carriage, without a top; -- so
called from Lord <i>Stanhope</i>, for whom it was contrived.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stan"iel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Stannel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stan"iel*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Hawking with
staniels, -- a base kind of falconry.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stank</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>estanc</i>, or It.
<i>stanco</i>. See <u>Stanch</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Weak;
worn out.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stank</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. Sw.
<i>st&aring;nka</i> to pant. &radic;165.] <def>To sigh.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stank</hw>, <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Stink</u>.
<def>Stunk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stank</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>estang</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;tang</i>, from L. <i>stagnum</i> a pool.  Cf.
<u>Stagnate</u>, <u>Tank</u> a cistern.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Water
retained by an embankment; a pool water.</def> [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
<i>Robert of Brunne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dam or mound to stop water.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Stank hen</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the moor hen;
-- called also <i>stankie</i>.</cd> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stan"na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stannum</i>
tin, an alloy of silver and lead.] <def>Of or pertaining to tin mines,
or tin works.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>stannary</i> courts of Devonshire and Cornwall,
for the administration of justice among the tinners therein, are also
courts of record.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stan"na*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stannaries</b></plw> (#). [LL. <i>stannaria</i>.] <def>A tin
mine; tin works.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stan"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>stannate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of stannic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stan"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>st&amacr;ngella</i>, <i>stangilla</i>; properly, stone yeller,
<i>i. e.</i>, a bird that yells from the rocks. See <u>Stone</u>, and
<u>Yell</u>, and cf. <u>Stonegall</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
kestrel; -- called also <i>standgale</i>, <i>standgall</i>,
<i>stanchel</i>, <i>stand hawk</i>, <i>stannel hawk</i>,
<i>steingale</i>, <i>stonegall</i>.</def> [Written also
<i>staniel</i>, <i>stannyel</i>, and <i>stanyel</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With what wing the <i>staniel</i> checks at
it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stan"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stannum</i> tin:
cf. F. <i>stannique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to tin;
derived from or containing tin; specifically, designating those
compounds in which the element has a higher valence as contrasted with
<i>stannous</i> compounds.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stannic acid</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
hypothetical substance, Sn(OH)<sub>4</sub>, analogous to silic acid,
and called also <i>normal stannic acid</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>Metastannic acid.</cd> -- <col><b>Stannic chloride</b></col>,
<cd>a thin, colorless, fuming liquid, SnCl<sub>4</sub>, used as a
mordant in calico printing and dyeing; -- formerly called <i>spirit of
tin</i>, or <i>fuming liquor of Libavius</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Stannic
oxide</b></col>, <cd>tin oxide, SnO<sub>2</sub>, produced artificially
as a white amorphous powder, and occurring naturally in the mineral
cassiterite. It is used in the manufacture of white enamels, and,
under the name of <i>putty powder</i>, for polishing glass,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stan*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stannum</i> tin + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Containing or affording
tin.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stan"nine</hw> (?), <hw>Stan"nite</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of a steel-gray or
iron-black color; tin pyrites. It is a sulphide of tin, copper, and
iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stan"no-</hw> (?). [L. <i>stannum</i> tin.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A combining form (also used adjectively) denoting <i>relation
to</i>, or <i>connection with</i>, <i>tin</i>, or including <i>tin as
an ingredient</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stan`no*flu"or*ide</hw> (-fl&umacr;"&obreve;r*&ibreve;d
<i>or</i> -&imacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one
of a series of double fluorides of tin (<i>stannum</i>) and some other
element.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stan*no"so-</hw> (st&abreve;n*n&omacr;"s&osl;-),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A combining form (also used
adjectively) denoting <i>relation to</i>, or <i>connection with</i>,
certain <i>stannnous compounds</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stan"no*type</hw> (st&abreve;n"n&osl;*t&imacr;p),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stanno-</i> + <i>-type</i>.] <i>(Photog.)</i>
<def>A photograph taken upon a tin plate; a tintype.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stan"nous</hw> (-n&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or containing, tin; specifically,
designating those compounds in which the element has a lower valence
as contrasted with <i>stannic</i> compounds.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stannous chloride</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a white
crystalline substance, SnCl<sub>2</sub>.(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>2</sub>,
obtained by dissolving tin in hydrochloric acid. It is used as a
mordant in dyeing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Stan"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., alloy of silver
and lead; later, tin.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The technical name of tin.
See <u>Tin</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stann"yel</hw>, <hw>Stan"yel</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Stannel</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stant</hw> (?), <hw>Stont</hw> (?), } obs. <pos><i>3d pers.
sing. pres.</i></pos> of <u>Stand</u>, for <i>standeth</i>.
<def>Stands.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stan"za</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stanzas</b></plw> (#). [It. <i>stanza</i> a room, habitation,
a stanza, <i>i. e.</i>, a stop, fr. L. <i>stans</i>, p. pr. of
<i>stare</i> to stand. See <u>Stand</u>, and cf. <u>Estancia</u>,
<u>Stance</u>, <u>Stanchion</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A number of
lines or verses forming a division of a song or poem, and agreeing in
meter, rhyme, number of lines, etc., with other divisions; a part of a
poem, ordinarily containing every variation of measure in that poem; a
combination or arrangement of lines usually recurring; whether like or
unlike, in measure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Horace confines himself strictly to one sort of verse,
or <i>stanza</i>, in every ode.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An apartment or division in
a building; a room or chamber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stan*za"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
or consisting of, stanzas; as, a couplet in <i>stanzaic</i>
form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta*pe"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>stapes</i>
stirrup.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to stapes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sta*pe"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. So named
after John Bod&aelig;us a <i>Stapel</i>, a physician of Amsterdam.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An extensive and curious genus of African plants of
the natural order <i>Asclepiadace&aelig;</i> (Milkweed family). They
are succulent plants without leaves, frequently covered with dark
tubercles giving them a very grotesque appearance. The odor of the
blossoms is like that of carrion.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sta"pes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., a stirrup.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The innermost of the ossicles of the ear; the
stirrup, or stirrup bone; -- so called from its form. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Ear</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Staph"y*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
botryodial, from &?; a bunch of grapes.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the uvula or the palate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Staph`y*li"nid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a kind
of insect.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any rove beetle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Staph`y*lo"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; a bunch of grapes.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A protrusion of
any part of the globe of the eye; as, a <i>staphyloma</i> of the
cornea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Staph`y*lo"ma*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to staphyloma; affected with
staphyloma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Staph"y*lo*plas`ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
bunch of grapes, also, the uvula when swollen at the lower end + <i>-
plasty</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The operation for restoring or
replacing the soft palate when it has been lost.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i> -- <wf>Staph`y*lo*plas"tic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Staph`y*lor"a*phy</hw>, <hw>Staph`y*lor"rha*phy</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the uvula when swollen + &?; to sew: cf.
F. <i>staphylorraphie</i>.] <def>The operation of uniting a cleft
palate, consisting in paring and bringing together the edges of the
cleft.</def> -- <wf>Staph`y*lo*raph"ic</wf> (#),
<wf>Staph`y*lor*rhaph"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Staph`y*lot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the
uvula when swollen + &?; to cut.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The operation of
removing a staphyloma by cutting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>stapul</i>,
<i>stapol</i>, <i>stapel</i>, a step, a prop, post, table, fr.
<i>stapan</i> to step, go, raise; akin to D. <i>stapel</i> a pile,
stocks, emporium, G. <i>stapel</i>a heap, mart, stake, <i>staffel</i>
step of a ladder, Sw. <i>stapel</i>, Dan. <i>stabel</i>, and E.
<i>step</i> cf. OF. <i>estaple</i> a mart, F. <i>&eacute;tape</i>. See
<u>Step</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A settled mart; an emporium; a
city or town to which merchants brought commodities for sale or
exportation in bulk; a place for wholesale traffic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The customs of Alexandria were very great, it having
been the <i>staple</i> of the Indian trade.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For the increase of trade and the encouragement of the
worthy burgesses of Woodstock, her majesty was minded to erect the
town into a <i>staple</i> for wool.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In England, formerly, the king's <i>staple</i> was
established in certain ports or towns, and certain goods could not be
exported without being first brought to these places to be rated and
charged with the duty payable of the king or the public. The principal
commodities on which customs were lived were wool, skins, and leather;
and these were originally the <i>staple</i> commodities.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Place of supply; source; fountain
head.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whitehall naturally became the chief <i>staple</i> of
news. Whenever there was a rumor that any thing important had happened
or was about to happen, people hastened thither to obtain intelligence
from the fountain head.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The principal commodity of traffic in a
market; a principal commodity or production of a country or district;
as, wheat, maize, and cotton are great <i>staples</i> of the United
States.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We should now say, Cotton is the great <i>staple</i>,
that is, the established merchandize, of Manchester.</blockquote>
<i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The principal constituent in anything;
chief item.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Unmanufactured material; raw
material.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The fiber of wool, cotton, flax, or the
like; as, a coarse <i>staple</i>; a fine <i>staple</i>; a long or
short <i>staple</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A loop of iron, or a bar or wire, bent and
formed with two points to be driven into wood, to hold a hook, pin, or
the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
shaft, smaller and shorter than the principal one, joining different
levels.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A small pit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A district granted to an abbey.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sta"ple</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to, or being market of staple for, commodities; as, a
<i>staple</i> town.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Established in commerce; occupying the
markets; settled; as, a <i>staple</i> trade.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fit to be sold; marketable.</def> [R.]
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Regularly produced or manufactured in large
quantities; belonging to wholesale traffic; principal;
chief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wool, the great <i>staple</i> commodity of
England.</blockquote> <i>H&?;&?;&?;om.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sta"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>stapled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>stapling</u>.] <def>To sort according to its staple; as, to
<i>staple</i> cotton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"pler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A dealer in staple goods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One employed to assort wool according to
its staple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star</hw> (st&auml;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sterre</i>,
AS. <i>steorra</i>; akin to OFries. <i>stera</i>, OS. <i>sterro</i>,
D. <i>ster</i>, OHG. <i>sterno</i>, <i>sterro</i>, G. <i>stern</i>,
Icel. <i>stjarna</i>, Sw. <i>stjerna</i>, Dan. <i>stierne</i>, Goth.
<i>sta&iacute;rn&omacr;</i>, Armor. & Corn. <i>steren</i>, L.
<i>stella</i>, Gr. <grk>'asth`r</grk>, <grk>'a`stron</grk>, Skr.
<i>star</i>; perhaps from a root meaning, to scatter, Skr.
<i>st&rsdot;</i>, L. <i>sternere</i> (cf. <u>Stratum</u>), and
originally applied to the stars as being strewn over the sky, or as
being scatterers or spreaders of light. &radic;296.  Cf. <u>Aster</u>,
<u>Asteroid</u>, <u>Constellation</u>, <u>Disaster</u>,
<u>Stellar</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the innumerable
luminous bodies seen in the heavens; any heavenly body other than the
sun, moon, comets, and nebul&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His eyen twinkled in his head aright,<BR>
As do the <i>stars</i> in the frosty night.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The stars are distinguished as <i>planets</i>, and <i>fixed
stars</i>. See <u>Planet</u>, <i>Fixed stars</i> under <u>Fixed</u>,
and <i>Magnitude of a star</i> under <u>Magnitude</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The polestar; the north star.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>A planet supposed to
influence one's destiny; (usually <i>pl.</i>) a configuration of the
planets, supposed to influence fortune.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O malignant and ill-brooding <i>stars</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Blesses his <i>stars</i>, and thinks it
luxury.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles the figure of a star,
as an ornament worn on the breast to indicate rank or honor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On whom . . . <BR>
Lavish Honor showered all her <i>stars</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, a radiated mark in writing or
printing; an asterisk [thus, *]; -- used as a reference to a note, or
to fill a blank where something is omitted, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Pyrotechny)</i> <def>A composition of
combustible matter used in the heading of rockets, in mines, etc.,
which, exploding in the air, presents a starlike appearance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A person of brilliant and attractive
qualities, especially on public occasions, as a distinguished orator,
a leading theatrical performer, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Star</i> is used in the formation of compound words
generally of obvious signification: as, <i>star</i>-aspiring,
<i>star</i>-bespangled, <i>star</i>-bestudded, <i>star</i>-blasting,
<i>star</i>-bright, <i>star</i>-crowned, <i>star</i>-directed,
<i>star</i>-eyed, <i>star</i>-headed, <i>star</i>-paved, <i>star</i>-
roofed; <i>star</i>-sprinkled, <i>star</i>-wreathed.</p>

<p><! p. 1404 !></p>

<p><col><b>Blazing star</b></col>, <col><b>Double star</b></col>,
<col><b>Multiple star</b></col>, <col><b>Shooting star</b></col>, etc.
<cd>See under <u>Blazing</u>, <u>Double</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Nebulous star</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>a small well-
defined circular nebula, having a bright nucleus at its center like a
star.</cd> -- <col><b>Star anise</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any
plant of the genus Illicium; -- so called from its star-shaped
capsules.</cd> -- <col><b>Star apple</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
tropical American tree (<i>Chrysophyllum Cainito</i>), having a milky
juice and oblong leaves with a silky-golden pubescence beneath. It
bears an applelike fruit, the carpels of which present a starlike
figure when cut across. The name is extended to the whole genus of
about sixty species, and the natural order (<i>Sapotace&aelig;</i>) to
which it belongs is called the <i>Star-apple family</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Star conner</b></col>, <cd>one who cons, or studies, the
stars; an astronomer or an astrologer.</cd> <i>Gascoigne.</i> --
<col><b>Star coral</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
numerous species of stony corals belonging to <i>Astr&aelig;a</i>,
<i>Orbicella</i>, and allied genera, in which the calicles are round
or polygonal and contain conspicuous radiating septa.</cd> --
<col><b>Star cucumber</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Cucumber</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Star flower</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A plant of the genus <i>Ornithogalum</i>;
star-of-Bethlehem</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>See <u>Starwort</u>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd></cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>An American plant of
the genus <i>Trientalis</i> (<i>Trientalis Americana</i>)</cd>.
<i>Gray.</i> -- <col><b>Star fort</b></col> <i>(Fort.)</i>, <cd>a fort
surrounded on the exterior with projecting angles; -- whence the
name.</cd> -- <col><b>Star gauge</b></col> <i>(Ordnance)</i>, <cd>a
long rod, with adjustable points projecting radially at its end, for
measuring the size of different parts of the bore of a gun.</cd> --
<col><b>Star grass</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
small grasslike plant (<i>Hypoxis erecta</i>) having star-shaped
yellow flowers</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The colicroot. See
<u>Colicroot</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Star hyacinth</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a bulbous plant of the genus <i>Scilla</i> (<i>S.
autumnalis</i>); -- called also <i>star-headed hyacinth</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Star jelly</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any one of several
gelatinous plants (<i>Nostoc commune</i>, <i>N. edule</i>, etc.). See
<u>Nostoc</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Star lizard</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as <u>Stellion</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Star-
of-Bethlehem</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a bulbous liliaceous plant
(<i>Ornithogalum umbellatum</i>) having a small white starlike
flower.</cd> -- <col><b>Star-of-the-earth</b></col><cd> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
a plant of the genus <i>Plantago</i> (<i>P. coronopus</i>), growing
upon the seashore.</cd> -- <col><b>Star polygon</b></col>
<i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a polygon whose sides cut each other so as to form
a star-shaped figure.</cd> -- <col><b>Stars and Stripes</b></col>,
<cd>a popular name for the flag of the United States, which consists
of thirteen horizontal stripes, alternately red and white, and a union
having, in a blue field, white stars to represent the several States,
one for each.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>With the old flag, the true American flag, the Eagle,
and the <i>Stars and Stripes</i>, waving over the chamber in which we
sit.</blockquote> <i>D. Webster.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Star showers</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Shooting star</i>,
under <u>Shooting</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Star thistle</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an annual composite plant (<i>Centaurea
solstitialis</i>) having the involucre armed with radiating
spines.</cd> -- <col><b>Star wheel</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a
star-shaped disk, used as a kind of ratchet wheel, in repeating
watches and the feed motions of some machines.</cd> -- <col><b>Star
worm</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a gephyrean.</cd> --
<col><b>Temporary star</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>a star which
appears suddenly, shines for a period, and then nearly or quite
disappears. These stars are supposed by some astronometers to be
variable stars of long and undetermined periods.</cd> --
<col><b>Variable star</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>a star whose
brilliancy varies periodically, generally with regularity, but
sometimes irregularly; -- called <i>periodical star</i> when its
changes occur at fixed periods.</cd> -- <col><b>Water star
grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an aquatic plant (<i>Schollera
graminea</i>) with small yellow starlike blossoms.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Star</hw> (st&auml;r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Starred</u> (st&auml;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Starring</u>.] <def>To set or adorn with stars, or
bright, radiating bodies; to bespangle; as, a robe <i>starred</i> with
gems.</def> "A sable curtain <i>starred</i> with gold."
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be bright, or
attract attention, as a star; to shine like a star; to be brilliant or
prominent; to play a part as a theatrical star.</def>
  <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star"-blind`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
blind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>sterbord</i>, AS. <i>ste&oacute;rbord</i>, i.e., steer board. See
<u>Steer</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Board</u> of a vessel, and
cf. <u>Larboard</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>That side of a vessel which
is on the right hand of a person who stands on board facing the bow; -
- opposed to <i>larboard</i>, or <i>port</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"board`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the right-hand side of a ship; being or lying on
the right side; as, the <i>starboard</i> quarter; <i>starboard</i>
tack.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"board`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>To put to the right, or starboard, side of a vessel; as, to
<i>starboard</i> the helm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"-bow`lines</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The men in the starboard watch.</def> [Obs.]
<i>R. H. Dana, Jr.</i></p>

<p><hw>Starch</hw> (st&auml;rch), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>stearc</i> stark, strong, rough. See <u>Stark</u>.] <def>Stiff;
precise; rigid.</def> [R.]  <i>Killingbeck.</i></p>

<p><hw>Starch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>starch</i> stiff,
cf. G. <i>st&auml;rke</i>, fr. <i>stark</i> strong.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A widely diffused vegetable
substance found especially in seeds, bulbs, and tubers, and extracted
(as from potatoes, corn, rice, etc.) as a white, glistening, granular
or powdery substance, without taste or smell, and giving a very
peculiar creaking sound when rubbed between the fingers. It is used as
a food, in the production of commercial grape sugar, for stiffening
linen in laundries, in making paste, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Starch is a carbohydrate, being the typical amylose,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, and is detected by the fine
blue color given to it by free iodine. It is not fermentable as such,
but is changed by diastase into dextrin and maltose, and by heating
with dilute acids into dextrose.  Cf. <u>Sugar</u>, <u>Inulin</u>, and
<u>Lichenin</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A stiff, formal manner;
formality.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Starch hyacinth</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the grape
hyacinth; -- so called because the flowers have the smell of boiled
starch. See under <u>Grape</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Starch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Starched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Starching</u>.] <def>To stiffen with starch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"-cham`ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called (as
conjectured by Blackstone) from being held in a room at the Exchequer
where the chests containing certain Jewish comtracts and obligations
called <i>starrs</i> (from the Heb. <i>shetar</i>, pron. <i>shtar</i>)
were kept; or from the <i>stars</i> with which the ceiling is supposed
to have been decorated.] <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i> <def>An ancient high
court exercising jurisdiction in certain cases, mainly criminal, which
sat without the intervention of a jury. It consisted of the king's
council, or of the privy council only with the addition of certain
judges. It could proceed on mere rumor or examine witnesses; it could
apply torture. It was abolished by the Long Parliament in 1641.</def>
<i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Starched</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Stiffened with starch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Stiff; precise; formal.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Starch"ed*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being starched; stiffness in manners; formality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Starch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
starches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Starch"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a starched or
starch manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Starch"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
starched or starch; stiffness of manner; preciseness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Starch"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The cuckoopint, the tubers of which yield a fine quality of
starch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Starch"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of
starch; resembling starch; stiff; precise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"craft</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Astrology.</def>
[R.]  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star"-crossed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not favored
by the stars; ill-fated.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such in my <i>star-crossed</i> destiny.</blockquote>
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stare</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>st&aelig;r</i>.
See <u>Starling</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The starling.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stare</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>stared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>staring</u>.] [AS. <i>starian</i>; akin to LG. & D. <i>staren</i>,
OHG. <i>star&emacr;n</i>, G. <i>starren</i>, Icel. <i>stara</i>; cf.
Icel. <i>stira</i>, Dan. <i>stirre</i>, Sw. <i>stirra</i>, and G.
<i>starr</i> stiff, rigid, fixed, Gr. &?; solid (E. <i>stereo-</i>),
Skr. <i>sthira</i> firm, strong. &radic;166.  Cf. <u>Sterile</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To look with fixed eyes wide open, as through
fear, wonder, surprise, impudence, etc.; to fasten an earnest and
prolonged gaze on some object.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For ever upon the ground I see thee
<i>stare</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Look not big, nor stamp, nor <i>stare</i>, nor
fret.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be very conspicuous on account of size,
prominence, color, or brilliancy; as, <i>staring</i> windows or
colors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To stand out; to project; to bristle.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Makest my blood cold, and my hair to
<i>stare</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Take off all the <i>staring</i> straws and jags in the
hive.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To gaze; to look earnestly. See <u>Gaze</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Stare</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To look earnestly
at; to gaze at.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>stare</i> him out of his wits.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To stare in the face</b></col>, <cd>to be before the eyes,
or to be undeniably evident.</cd> "The law . . . <i>stares</i> them
<i>in the face</i> whilst they are breaking it." <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stare</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of staring; a
fixed look with eyes wide open.</def> "A dull and stupid
<i>stare</i>."  <i>Churchill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who stares, or
gazes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Starf</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Starve</u>.
<def>Starved.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star"finch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European redstart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"fish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of echinoderms
belonging to the class Asterioidea, in which the body is star-shaped
and usually has five rays, though the number of rays varies from five
to forty or more. The rays are often long, but are sometimes so short
as to appear only as angles to the disklike body. Called also <i>sea
star</i>, <i>five-finger</i>, and <i>stellerid</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The ophiuroids are also sometimes called starfishes. See
<u>Brittle star</u>, and <u>Ophiuroidea</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The dollar fish, or
butterfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"gas`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who gazes at the stars; an astrologer; sometimes, in derision
or contempt, an astronomer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
species of spiny-rayed marine fishes belonging to <i>Uranoscopus</i>,
<i>Astroscopus</i>, and allied genera, of the family
<i>Uranoscopid&aelig;</i>. The common species of the Eastern United
States are <i>Astroscopus anoplus</i>, and <i>A. guttatus</i>. So
called from the position of the eyes, which look directly
upward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"gas`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or practice of observing the stars with attention;
contemplation of the stars as connected with astrology or
astronomy.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, absent-mindedness;
abstraction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With a
staring look.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stark</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Starker</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Starkest</u>.] [OE.
<i>stark</i> stiff, strong, AS. <i>stearc</i>; akin to OS.
<i>starc</i> strong, D. <i>sterk</i>, OHG. <i>starc</i>,
<i>starah</i>, G. & Sw. <i>stark</i>, Dan. <i>st&aelig;rk</i>, Icel.
<i>sterkr</i>, Goth. ga<i>sta&uacute;rknan</i> to become dried up,
Lith. <i>str&euml;gti</i> to stiffen, to freeze.  Cf. <u>Starch</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> & <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Stiff; rigid.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose senses all were straight benumbed and
<i>stark</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His heart gan wax as <i>stark</i> as marble
stone.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Many a nobleman lies <i>stark</i> and stiff<BR>
Under the hoofs of vaunting enemies.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The north is not so <i>stark</i> and cold.</blockquote>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Complete; absolute; full; perfect;
entire.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Consider the <i>stark</i> security<BR>
The common wealth is in now.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Strong; vigorous; powerful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>stark</i>, moss-trooping Scot.</blockquote> <i>Sir
W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Stark</i> beer, boy, stout and strong
beer.</blockquote> <i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Severe; violent; fierce.</def> [Obs.] "In
<i>starke</i> stours." [<i>i. e.</i>, in fierce combats].
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Mere; sheer; gross; entire;
downright.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He pronounces the citation <i>stark</i>
nonsense.</blockquote> <i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Rhetoric is very good or <i>stark</i> naught; there's
no medium in rhetoric.</blockquote> <i>Selden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stark</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Wholly; entirely;
absolutely; quite; as, <i>stark</i> mind.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Held him strangled in his arms till he was <i>stark</i>
dead.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Stark naked</b></col>, <cd>wholly naked; quite
bare.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Strip your sword <i>stark naked</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; According to Professor Skeat, "<i>stark-naked</i>" is
derived from <i>steort-naked</i>, or <i>start-naked</i>, literally
<i>tail-naked</i>, and hence <i>wholly naked</i>. If this etymology be
true the preferable form is <i>stark-naked</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Stark</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To stiffen.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If horror have not <i>starked</i> your
limbs.</blockquote> <i>H. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stark"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a stark manner;
stiffly; strongly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Its onward force too <i>starky</i> pent<BR>
In figure, bone, and lineament.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stark"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being stark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being without
stars; having no stars visible; as, a <i>starless</i> night.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star"light`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The light given
by the stars.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor walk by moon,<BR>
Or glittering <i>starlight</i>, without thee is sweet.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star"light`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lighted by the
stars, or by the stars only; as, a <i>starlight</i> night.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>starlight</i> evening and a morning
fair.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Resembling a star; stellated; radiated like a star; as,
<i>starlike</i> flowers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Shining; bright; illustrious.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The having turned many to righteousness shall confer a
<i>starlike</i> and immortal brightness.</blockquote>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sterlyng</i>,
a dim. of OE. <i>stare</i>, AS. <i>st&aelig;r</i>; akin to AS.
<i>stearn</i>, G. <i>star</i>, <i>staar</i>, OHG. <i>stara</i>, Icel.
<i>starri</i>, <i>stari</i>, Sw. <i>stare</i>, Dan. <i>st&aelig;r</i>,
L. <i>sturnus</i>.  Cf. <u>Stare</u> a starling.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any passerine bird belonging to
<i>Sturnus</i> and allied genera. The European starling (<i>Sturnus
vulgaris</i>) is dark brown or greenish black, with a metallic gloss,
and spotted with yellowish white. It is a sociable bird, and builds
about houses, old towers, etc. Called also <i>stare</i>, and
<i>starred</i>. The pied starling of India is <i>Sternopastor
contra</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A California fish; the
rock trout.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A structure of piles driven round the piers
of a bridge for protection and support; -- called also
<i>sterling</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rose-colored starling</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Pastor</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Star"lit`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lighted by the
stars; starlight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"mon`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fortune
teller; an astrologer; -- used in contempt.</def>  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Starn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European starling.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Star"nose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A curious American mole (<i>Condylura cristata</i>) having the
nose expanded at the end into a stellate disk; -- called also <i>star-
nosed mole</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"ost</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pol. <i>starosta</i>,
from <i>stary</i> old.] <def>A nobleman who possessed a
starosty.</def> [Poland]</p>

<p><hw>Star"os*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A castle and
domain conferred on a nobleman for life.</def> [Poland]  <i>Brande &
C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star"proof`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Impervious to
the light of the stars; as, a <i>starproof</i> elm.</def> [Poetic]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star"-read`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Doctrine or
knowledge of the stars; star lore; astrology; astronomy.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Which in <i>star-read</i> were wont have best
insight.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Starred</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Star</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Adorned or studded with stars;
bespangled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Influenced in fortune by the stars.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My third comfort,<BR>
<i>Starred</i> most unluckily.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star"ri*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being starry; as, the <i>starriness</i> of the
heavens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Abounding with stars; adorned with stars.</def> "Above the
<i>starry</i> sky."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of, or proceeding from, the
stars; stellar; stellary; as, <i>starry</i> light; <i>starry</i>
flame.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Do not Christians and Heathens, Jews and Gentiles,
poets and philosophers, unite in allowing the <i>starry</i>
influence?</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Shining like stars; sparkling; as,
<i>starry</i> eyes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Arranged in rays like those of a star;
stellate.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Starry ray</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a European
skate (<i>Raita radiata</i>); -- so called from the stellate bases of
the dorsal spines.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Star"shine`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The light of
the stars.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>starshine</i> lights upon our
heads.</blockquote> <i>R. L. Stevenson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star"shoot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Nostoc</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"-span`gled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Spangled or
studded with stars.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Star-spangled banner</b></col>, <cd>the popular name for
the national ensign of the United States.</cd> <i>F. S. Key.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Asteriated sapphire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Start</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>started</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>starting</u>.] [OE. <i>sterten</i>; akin to D. <i>storten</i>
8hurl, rush, fall, G. <i>st&uuml;rzen</i>, OHG. <i>sturzen</i> to turn
over, to fall, Sw. <i>st&ouml;ra</i> to cast down, to fall, Dan.
<i>styrte</i>, and probably also to E. <i>start</i> a tail; the
original sense being, perhaps, to show the tail, to tumble over
suddenly. &radic;166.  Cf. <u>Start</u> a tail.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To leap; to jump.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move suddenly, as with a spring or leap,
from surprise, pain, or other sudden feeling or emotion, or by a
voluntary act.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And maketh him out of his sleep to
<i>start</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>start</i> as from some dreadful
dream.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Keep your soul to the work when ready to <i>start</i>
aside.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But if he <i>start</i>,<BR>
It is the flesh of a corrupted heart.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To set out; to commence a course, as a race
or journey; to begin; as, to <i>start</i> business.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At once they <i>start</i>, advancing in a
line.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At intervals some bird from out the brakes<BR>
<i>Starts</i> into voice a moment, then is still.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To become somewhat displaced or loosened;
as, a rivet or a seam may <i>start</i> under strain or
pressure.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To start after</b></col>, <cd>to set out after; to follow;
to pursue.</cd> -- <col><b>To start against</b></col>, <cd>to act as a
rival candidate against.</cd> -- <col><b>To start for</b></col>,
<cd>to be a candidate for, as an office.</cd> -- <col><b>To start
up</b></col>, <cd>to rise suddenly, as from a seat or couch; to come
suddenly into notice or importance.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1405 !></p>

<p><hw>Start</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cause to move suddenly; to disturb suddenly; to startle; to
alarm; to rouse; to cause to flee or fly; as, the hounds
<i>started</i> a fox.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon malicious bravery dost thou come<BR>
To <i>start</i> my quiet?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Brutus will <i>start</i> a spirit as soon as
C&aelig;sar.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring onto being or into view; to
originate; to invent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sensual men agree in the pursuit of every pleasure they
can <i>start</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to move or act; to set going,
running, or flowing; as, to <i>start</i> a railway train; to
<i>start</i> a mill; to <i>start</i> a stream of water; to
<i>start</i> a rumor; to <i>start</i> a business.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was engaged in conversation upon a subject which the
people love to <i>start</i> in discourse.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To move suddenly from its place or
position; to displace or loosen; to dislocate; as, to <i>start</i> a
bone; the storm <i>started</i> the bolts in the vessel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One, by a fall in wrestling, <i>started</i> the end of
the clavicle from the sternum.</blockquote> <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> [Perh. from D. <i>storten</i>, which has this
meaning also.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To pour out; to empty; to tap and
begin drawing from; as, to <i>start</i> a water cask.</def></p>

<p><hw>Start</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of starting; a sudden spring, leap, or motion, caused by surprise,
fear, pain, or the like; any sudden motion, or beginning of
motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fright awakened Arcite with a
<i>start</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A convulsive motion, twitch, or spasm; a
spasmodic effort.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For she did speak in <i>starts</i>
distractedly.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nature does nothing by <i>starts</i> and leaps, or in a
hurry.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sudden, unexpected movement; a sudden and
capricious impulse; a sally; as, <i>starts</i> of fancy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To check the <i>starts</i> and sallies of the
soul.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The beginning, as of a journey or a course
of action; first motion from a place; act of setting out; the outset;
-- opposed to <i>finish</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>start</i> of first performance is
all.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I see you stand like greyhounds in the slips,<BR>
Straining upon the <i>start</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>At a start</b></col>, <cd>at once; in an instant.</cd>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>At a start</i> he was betwixt them two.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To get</b></col>, or <col><b>have</b></col>, <col><b>the
start</b></col>, <cd>to before another; to gain or have the advantage
in a similar undertaking; -- usually with <i>of</i>.</cd>  "<i>Get the
start</i> of the majestic world." <i>Shak.</i> "She might have
forsaken him if he had not <i>got the start</i> of her."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Start</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stert</i> a tail, AS.
<i>steort</i>; akin to LG. <i>stert</i>, <i>steert</i>, D.
<i>staart</i>, G. <i>sterz</i>, Icel. <i>stertr</i>, Dan.
<i>stiert</i>, Sw. <i>stjert</i>. &radic;166.  Cf. <i>Stark naked</i>,
under <u>Stark</u>, <u>Start</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tail, or anything projecting like a
tail.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The handle, or tail, of a plow; also, any
long handle.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The curved or inclined front and bottom of
a water-wheel bucket.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The arm, or level, of a
gin, drawn around by a horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Start"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who, or that which, starts; as, a <i>starter</i> on a journey; the
<i>starter</i> of a race.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dog that rouses game.</def></p>

<p><hw>Start"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Apt to start;
skittish.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Start"ful*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Aptness to
start.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Star"throat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any humming bird of the genus <i>Heliomaster</i>. The feathers of
the throat have a brilliant metallic luster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Start"ing</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Start</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Starting bar</b></col> <i>(Steam Eng.)</i>, <cd>a hand
lever for working the values in starting an engine.</cd> --
<col><b>Starting hole</b></col>, <cd>a loophole; evasion.</cd> [Obs.]
-- <col><b>Starting point</b></col>, <cd>the point from which motion
begins, or from which anything starts.</cd> -- <col><b>Starting
post</b></col>, <cd>a post, stake, barrier, or place from which
competitors in a race start, or begin the race.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Start"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By sudden fits
or starts; spasmodically.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Start"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Apt to start;
skittish; shy; -- said especially of a horse.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Star"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Startled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Startling</u> (?).] [Freq. of <i>start</i>.] <def>To move suddenly,
or be excited, on feeling alarm; to start.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why shrinks the soul<BR>
Back on herself, and <i>startles</i> at destruction?</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To excite by sudden alarm, surprise, or apprehension; to frighten
suddenly and not seriously; to alarm; to surprise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The supposition, at least, that angels do sometimes
assume bodies need not <i>startle</i> us.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deter; to cause to deviate.</def> [R.]
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To start; shock; fright; frighten; alarm.</p>

<p><hw>Star"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sudden motion or
shock caused by an unexpected alarm, surprise, or apprehension of
danger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After having recovered from my first <i>startle</i>, I
was very well pleased with the accident.</blockquote>
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star"tling*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
startling manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"tlish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Easily startled;
apt to start; startish; skittish; -- said especially of a
hourse.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Start"-up`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who comes suddenly into notice; an upstart.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of high rustic shoe.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>startuppe</i>, or clownish shoe.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Start"-up`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Upstart.</def> [R.]
<i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
starving, or the state of being starved.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word was first used, according to Horace Walpole, by
Henry Dundas, the first Lord Melville, in a speech on American affairs
in 1775, which obtained for him the nickname of <i>Starvation</i>
Dundas.
    "<i>Starvation</i>, we are also told, belongs to the class of
'vile compounds' from being a mongrel; as if English were not full of
mongrels, and if it would not be in distressing straits without them."
<i>Fitzed. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Starve</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Starved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Starving</u>.] [OE. <i>sterven</i> to die, AS. <i>steorfan</i>;
akin to D. <i>sterven</i>, G. <i>sterben</i>, OHG. <i>sterban</i>,
Icel. <i>starf</i> labor, toil.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To die; to
perish.</def> [Obs., except in the sense of perishing with cold or
hunger.]  <i>Lydgate.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In hot coals he hath himself raked . . . <BR>
Thus <i>starved</i> this worthy mighty Hercules.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To perish with hunger; to suffer extreme
hunger or want; to be very indigent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sometimes virtue <i>starves</i>, while vice is
fed.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To perish or die with cold.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Have I seen the naked <i>starve</i> for
cold?</blockquote> <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Starving</i> with cold as well as
hunger.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense, still common in England, but rarely used of
the United States.</p>

<p><hw>Starve</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
destroy with cold.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>From beds of raging fire, to <i>starve</i> in ice<BR>
Their soft ethereal warmth.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To kill with hunger; as, maliciously to
<i>starve</i> a man is, in law, murder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To distress or subdue by famine; as, to
<i>starve</i>a garrison into a surrender.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Attalus endeavored to <i>starve</i> Italy by stopping
their convoy of provisions from Africa.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To destroy by want of any kind; as, to
<i>starve</i> plans by depriving them of proper light and
air.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of force or vigor; to
disable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pens of historians, writing thereof, seemed
<i>starved</i> for matter in an age so fruitful of memorable
actions.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The powers of their minds are <i>starved</i> by
disuse.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Starv"ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
condition of one starved or starving; parsimoniously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some boasting housekeeper which keepth open doors for
one day, . . . and lives <i>starvedly</i> all the year
after.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Starve"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Starve</i> +
<i>-ling</i>.] <def>One who, or that which, pines from lack or food,
or nutriment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Old Sir John hangs with me, and thou knowest he is no
<i>starveling</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Starve"ling</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hungry; lean;
pining with want.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any plant of the genus <i>Aster</i>. See
<u>Aster</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A small plant of the
genus <i>Stellaria</i>, having star-shaped flowers; star flower;
chickweed.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Water starwort</b></col>, <cd>an aquatic plant
(<i>Callitriche verna</i>) having some resemblance to chickweed.</cd>
-- <col><b>Yellow starwort</b></col>, <cd>a plant of the genus
<i>Inula</i>; elecampane.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Stas"i*mon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stasmia</b></plw> (#). [NL., from Gr. <grk>sta`simon</grk>,
neut. of <grk>sta`simos</grk> stationary, steadfast.] <def>In the
Greek tragedy, a song of the chorus, continued without the
interruption of dialogue or anap&aelig;stics.</def>  <i>Liddell &
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sta"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
standing still.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A slackening or arrest of the
blood current in the vessels, due not to a lessening of the heart's
beat, but presumably to some abnormal resistance of the capillary
walls. It is one of the phenomena observed in the capillaries in
inflammation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stat"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That can be
stated; as, a <i>statable</i>grievance; the question at issue is
<i>statable</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining to,
or existing with reference to, a State of the American Union, as
distinguished from the general government.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I have no knowledge of any other kind of political
citizenship, higher or lower, <i>statal</i> or national.</blockquote>
<i>Edward Bates.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sta"tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stare</i> to
stand.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>In a standing position; as, a lion
<i>statant</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fixed;
settled; steady; statary.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sta*ta"ri*an*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Fixedly;
steadly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sta"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>statarius</i>
standing fast, fr. <i>stare</i> to stand.] <def>Fixed; settled.</def>
[Obs.] "The set and <i>statary</i> times of paring of nails and
cutting hair."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>State</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stat</i>, OF.
<i>estat</i>, F. <i>&eacute;tat</i>, fr. L. <i>status</i> a standing,
position, fr. <i>stare</i>, <i>statum</i>, to stand. See <u>Stand</u>,
and cf. <u>Estate</u>, <u>Status</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
circumstances or condition of a being or thing at any given
time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>State</i> is a term nearly synonymous with "mode,"
but of a meaning more extensive, and is not exclusively limited to the
mutable and contingent.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Declare the past and present <i>state</i> of
things.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Keep the <i>state</i> of the question in your
eye.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rank; condition; quality; as, the
<i>state</i> of honor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy honor, <i>state</i>, and seat is due to
me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Condition of prosperity or grandeur;
wealthy or prosperous circumstances; social importance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She instructed him how he should keep <i>state</i>, and
yet with a modest sense of his misfortunes.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Can this imperious lord forget to reign,<BR>
Quit all his <i>state</i>, descend, and serve again?</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Appearance of grandeur or dignity;
pomp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where least og <i>state</i> there most of love is
shown.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A chair with a canopy above it, often
standing on a dais; a seat of dignity; also, the canopy itself.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His high throne, . . . under <i>state</i><BR>
Of richest texture spread.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When he went to court, he used to kick away the
<i>state</i>, and sit down by his prince cheek by jowl.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Estate, possession.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your <i>state</i>, my lord, again in
yours.</blockquote> <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A person of high rank.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Any body of men united by profession, or
constituting a community of a particular character; as, the civil and
ecclesiastical states, or the lords spiritual and temporal and the
commons, in Great Britain.  Cf. <u>Estate</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
6.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>The principal persons in a
government.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bold design<BR>
Pleased highly those infernal <i>states</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>The bodies that constitute the legislature
of a country; as, the <i>States</i>-general of Holland.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>A form of government which is not
monarchial, as a republic.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Well monarchies may own religion's name,<BR>
But <i>states</i> are atheists in their very fame.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>A political body, or body politic; the
whole body of people who are united one government, whatever may be
the form of the government; a nation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Municipal law is a rule of conduct prescribed by the
supreme power in a <i>state</i>.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Puritans in the reign of Mary, driven from their
homes, sought an asylum in Geneva, where they found a <i>state</i>
without a king, and a church without a bishop.</blockquote> <i>R.
Choate.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>In the United States, one of the
commonwealth, or bodies politic, the people of which make up the body
of the nation, and which, under the national constitution, stands in
certain specified relations with the national government, and are
invested, as commonwealth, with full power in their several spheres
over all matters not expressly inhibited.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>State</i>, in its technical sense, is used in
distinction from the federal system, <i>i. e.</i>, the government of
the United States.</p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>Highest and stationary condition, as that
of maturity between growth and decline, or as that of crisis between
the increase and the abating of a disease; height; acme.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p>&fist; When <i>state</i> is joined with another word, or used
adjectively, it denotes public, or what belongs to the community or
body politic, or to the government; also, what belongs to the States
severally in the American Union; as, <i>state</i> affairs;
<i>state</i> policy; <i>State</i> laws of Iowa.</p>

<p><col><b>Nascent state</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Nascent</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Secretary of state</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Secretary</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</cd> -- <col><b>State
barge</b></col><cd>a royal barge, or a barge belonging to a
government.</cd> -- <col><b>State bed</b></col>, <cd>an elaborately
carved or decorated bed.</cd> -- <col><b>State carriage</b></col>,
<cd>a highly decorated carriage for officials going in state, or
taking part in public processions.</cd> -- <col><b>State
paper</b></col>, <cd>an official paper relating to the interests or
government of a state.</cd> <i>Jay.</i> -- <col><b>State
prison</b></col>, <cd>a public prison or penitentiary; -- called also
<i>State's prison</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>State prisoner</b></col>,
<cd>one is confinement, or under arrest, for a political offense.</cd>
-- <col><b>State rights</b></col>, or <col><b>States'
rights</b></col>, <cd>the rights of the several independent States, as
distinguished from the rights of the Federal government. It has been a
question as to what rights have been vested in the general
government.</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>State's evidence</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Probator</u>, 2, and under <u>Evidence</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>State
sword</b></col>, <cd>a sword used on state occasions, being borne
before a sovereign by an attendant of high rank.</cd> -- <col><b>State
trial</b></col>, <cd>a trial of a person for a political offense.</cd>
-- <col><b>States of the Church</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Ecclesiastical</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>State</u>, <u>Situation</u>, <u>Condition</u>.
<i>State</i> is the generic term, and denotes in general the mode in
which a thing stands or exists. The <i>situation</i> of a thing is its
state in reference to external objects and influences; its
<i>condition</i> is its internal state, or what it is in itself
considered. Our <i>situation</i> is good or bad as outward things bear
favorably or unfavorably upon us; our <i>condition</i> is good or bad
according to the state we are actually in as respects our persons,
families, property, and other things which comprise our sources of
enjoyment.</p>

<p><blockquote>I do not, brother,<BR>
Infer as if I thought my sister's <i>state</i><BR>
Secure without all doubt or controversy.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We hoped to enjoy with ease what, in our
<i>situation</i>, might be called the luxuries of life.</blockquote>
<i>Cock.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And, O, what man's <i>condition</i> can be worse<BR>
Than his whom plenty starves and blessings curse?</blockquote>
<i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>State</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Stately.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to the state, or body politic;
public.</def></p>

<p><hw>State</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set; to settle; to
establish.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I myself, though meanest <i>stated</i>,<BR>
And in court now almost hated.</blockquote> <i>Wither.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who calls the council, <i>states</i> the certain
day.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To express the particulars of; to set down
in detail or in gross; to represent fully in words; to narrate; to
recite; as, to <i>state</i> the facts of a case, one's opinion,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To state it</b></col>. <cd>To assume state or dignity.</cd>
[Obs.] "Rarely dressed up, and taught <i>to state it</i>." <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>State</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A statement; also, a
document containing a statement.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>State"craft`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art of
conducting state affairs; state management; statesmanship.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1406 !></p>

<p><hw>Stat"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Settled; established; fixed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is capable of corruption who receives more than what
is the <i>stated</i> and unquestionable fee of his
office.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Recurring at regular time; not occasional;
as, <i>stated</i> preaching; <i>stated</i> business hours.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stat"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>At stated times;
regularly.</def></p>

<p><hw>State"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of state;
stately.</def> [Obs.] "A <i>stateful</i> silence."
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>State"hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition of
being a State; as, a territory seeking <i>Statehood</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>State"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The building
in which a State legislature holds its sessions; a State
capitol.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>State"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without state or
pomp.</def></p>

<p><hw>State"li*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a stately
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>State"li*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being stately.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For <i>stateliness</i> and majesty, what is comparable
to a horse?</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>State"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Statelier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Stateliest</u>.]
<def>Evincing state or dignity; lofty; majestic; grand; as,
<i>stately</i>manners; a <i>stately</i> gait.</def> "The
<i>stately</i> homes of England!" <i>Mrs. Hemans.</i> "Filled with
<i>stately</i> temples." <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Here is a <i>stately</i> style indeed!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Lofty; dignified; majestic; grand; august;
magnificent.</p>

<p><hw>State"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Majestically;
loftily.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>State"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of stating, reciting, or presenting, orally or in paper;
as, to interrupt a speaker in the <i>statement</i> of his
case.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is stated; a formal embodiment
in language of facts or opinions; a narrative; a recital.</def>
"Admirable perspicuity of <i>statement</i>!"  <i>Brougham.</i></p>

<p><hw>State"mon`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed in
politics, or one who dabbles in state affairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>State`pris"on</hw> (?). <def>See under <u>State</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Stat"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
states.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sta"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stater</i>, Gr.
&?;.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>The principal gold coin of ancient
Grece. It varied much in value, the stater best known at Athens being
worth about &pound;1 2s., or about $5.35. The Attic silver tetradrachm
was in later times called <i>stater</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>State"room`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A magnificent room in a place or great house.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small apartment for lodging or sleeping
in the cabin, or on the deck, of a vessel; also, a somewhat similar
apartment in a railway sleeping car.</def></p>

<p><hw>States"-gen"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In France, before the Revolution, the assembly
of the three orders of the kingdom, namely, the clergy, the nobility,
and the third estate, or commonalty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In the Netherlands, the legislative body,
composed of two chambers.</def></p>

<p><hw>States"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Statesmen</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A man
versed in public affairs and in the principles and art of government;
especially, one eminent for political abilities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The minds of some of our <i>statesmen</i>, like the
pupil of the human eye, contract themselves the more, the stronger
light there is shed upon them.</blockquote> <i>More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One occupied with the affairs of
government, and influental in shaping its policy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small landholder.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>States"man*like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
manner or wisdom of statesmen; becoming a statesman.</def></p>

<p><hw>States"man*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Becoming a
statesman.</def></p>

<p><hw>States"man*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
qualifications, duties, or employments of a statesman.</def></p>

<p><hw>States"wom`an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stateswomen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A woman concerned in public
affairs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A rare <i>stateswoman</i>; I admire her
bearing.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stath"mo*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
measuring line + <i>-graph</i>.] <def>A contrivance for recording the
speed of a railway train.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Stat"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; causing to stand, skilled in weighing,
fr. &?; to cause to stand: cf. F. <i>statique</i>. See <u>Stand</u>,
and cf. <u>Stage</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Resting; acting by mere
weight without motion; as, <i>statical</i> pressure; <i>static</i>
objects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to bodies at rest or in
equilibrium.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Statical electricity</b></col>. <cd>See Note under
<u>Electricity</u>, 1.</cd> -- <col><b>Statical moment</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Moment</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stat"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a statical
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stat"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>statique</i>, Gr. &?; the art of weighing, fr. &?;. See
<u>Static</u>.] <def>That branch of mechanics which treats of the
equilibrium of forces, or relates to bodies as held at rest by the
forces acting on them; -- distinguished from
<i>dynamics</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Social statics</b></col>, <cd>the study of the conditions
which concern the existence and permanence of the social
state.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stat"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of one who
states anything; statement; as, the <i>stating</i>of one's
opinions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>statio</i>, from <i>stare</i>, <i>statum</i>, to stand. See
<u>Stand</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of standing; also,
attitude or pose in standing; posture.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>station</i> like the herald, Mercury.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their manner was to stand at prayer, whereupon their
meetings unto that purpose . . . had the names of <i>stations</i>
given them.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A state of standing or rest;
equilibrium.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All progression is performed by drawing on or impelling
forward some part which was before in <i>station</i>, or at
quiet.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The spot or place where anything stands,
especially where a person or thing habitually stands, or is appointed
to remain for a time; as, the <i>station</i> of a sentinel.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A regular stopping place in a
stage road or route; a place where railroad trains regularly come to a
stand, for the convenience of passengers, taking in fuel, moving
freight, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The headquarters of the
police force of any precinct.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The place
at which an instrument is planted, or observations are made, as in
surveying.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The
particular place, or kind of situation, in which a species naturally
occurs; a habitat.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
place to which ships may resort, and where they may anchor
safely.</def> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>A place or region to which a
government ship or fleet is assigned for duty.</def>
<sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A place calculated for the
rendezvous of troops, or for the distribution of them; also, a spot
well adapted for offensive measures. <i>Wilhelm</i> <i>(Mil.
Dict.)</i>.</def> <sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>An
enlargement in a shaft or galley, used as a landing, or passing place,
or for the accomodation of a pump, tank, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Post assigned; office; the part or
department of public duty which a person is appointed to perform;
sphere of duty or occupation; employment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By spending this day [Sunday] in religious exercises,
we acquire new strength and resolution to perform God's will in our
several <i>stations</i> the week following.</blockquote> <i>R.
Nelson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Situation; position; location.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fig and date -- why love they to remain<BR>
In middle <i>station</i>, and an even plain?</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>State; rank; condition of life; social
status.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The greater part have kept, I see,<BR>
Their <i>station</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They in France of the best rank and
<i>station</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The fast
of the fourth and sixth days of the week, Wednesday and Friday, in
memory of the council which condemned Christ, and of his
passion.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A church in
which the procession of the clergy halts on stated days to say stated
prayers.</def> <i>Addis & Arnold.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>One of
the places at which ecclesiastical processions pause for the
performance of an act of devotion; formerly, the tomb of a martyr, or
some similarly consecrated spot; now, especially, one of those
representations of the successive stages of our Lord's passion which
are often placed round the naves of large churches and by the side of
the way leading to sacred edifices or shrines, and which are visited
in rotation, stated services being performed at each; -- called also
<i>Station of the cross</i>.</def> <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Station bill</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>Same as
<i>Quarter bill</i>, under <u>Quarter</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Station
house</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The house serving for the
headquarters of the police assigned to a certain district, and as a
place of temporary confinement</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The house
used as a shelter at a railway station.</cd> -- <col><b>Station
master</b></col>, <cd>one who has charge of a station, esp. of a
railway station.</cd> -- <col><b>Station pointer</b></col>
<i>(Surv.)</i>, <cd>an instrument for locating on a chart the position
of a place from which the angles subtended by three distant objects,
whose positions are known, have been observed.</cd> -- <col><b>Station
staff</b></col> <i>(Surv.)</i>, <cd>an instrument for taking angles in
surveying.</cd> <i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Station</u>, <u>Depot</u>.  In the United States,
a stopping place on a railway for passengers and freight is commonly
called a <i>depot</i>: but to a considerable extent in official use,
and in common speech, the more appropriate name, <i>station</i>, has
been adopted.</p>

<p><hw>Sta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stationed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stationing</u>.] <def>To place; to set; to appoint or assign to the
occupation of a post, place, or office; as, to <i>station</i> troops
on the right of an army; to <i>station</i> a sentinel on a rampart; to
<i>station</i> ships on the coasts of Africa.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He gained the brow of the hill, where the English
phalanx was <i>stationed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Lyttelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sta"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stationalis</i>: cf. F. <i>stationnale</i> (<i>&eacute;glise</i>).]
<def>Of or pertaining to a station.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sta"tion*a*ri*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being stationary; fixity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stationarius</i>: cf. F. <i>stationnaire</i>.  Cf.
<u>Stationer</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not moving; not appearing
to move; stable; fixed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Charles Wesley, who is a more <i>stationary</i> man,
does not believe the story.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not improving or getting worse; not growing
wiser, greater, better, more excellent, or the contrary.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Appearing to be at rest, because moving in
the line of vision; not progressive or retrograde, as a
planet.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stationary air</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>the air
which under ordinary circumstances does not leave the lungs in
respiration.</cd> -- <col><b>Stationary engine</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A steam engine thet is permanently placed, in
distinction from a portable engine, locomotive, marine engine,
etc.</cd> Specifically: <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A factory engine, in
distinction from a blowing, pumping, or other kind of engine which is
also permanently placed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sta"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-ries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who, or that which, is
stationary, as a planet when apparently it has neither progressive nor
retrograde motion.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sta"tion*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Stationary</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
bookseller or publisher; -- formerly so called from his occupying a
stand, or <i>station</i>, in the market place or elsewhere.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who sells paper, pens, quills,
inkstands, pencils, blank books, and other articles used in
writing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"tion*er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The articles
usually sold by stationers, as paper, pens, ink, quills, blank books,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"tion*er*y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to, or
sold by, a stationer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>State</u>.]
<def>The art of governing a state; statecraft; policy.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The enemies of God . . . call our religion
<i>statism</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sta"tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>State</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A statesman; a politician; one skilled in
government.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Statists</i> indeed,<BR>
And lovers of their country.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A statistician.</def>  <i>Fawcett.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sta*tis"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Sta*tis"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>statistique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to statistics; as, <i>statistical</i> knowledge,
<i>statistical</i> tabulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta*tis"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the way
of statistics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stat`is*ti"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>statisticien</i>.] <def>One versed in statistics; one who collects
and classifies facts for statistics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta*tis"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>statistique</i>, G. <i>statistik</i>. See <u>State</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The science which has to
do with the collection and classification of certain facts respecting
the condition of the people in a state.</def> [In this sense
gramatically singular.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Classified facts respecting the
condition of the people in a state, their health, their longevity,
domestic economy, arts, property, and political strength, their
resources, the state of the country, etc., or respecting any
particular class or interest; especially, those facts which can be
stated in numbers, or in tables of numbers, or in any tabular and
classified arrangement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stat`is*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Statistics</i> + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>See <u>Statistics</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stativus</i>,
fr. <i>stare</i>, <i>statum</i>, to stand.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to a fixed camp, or military posts or quarters.</def> [Obs.
or R.]</p>

<p><hw>Stat"o*blast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; standing
(<i>i. e.</i>, remaining) + <i>-blast</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of a peculiar kind of internal buds, or germs, produced in
the interior of certain Bryozoa and sponges, especially in the fresh-
water species; -- also called <i>winter buds</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They are protected by a firm covering, and are usually
destined to perpetuate the species during the winter season. They
burst open and develop in the spring. In some fresh-water sponges they
serve to preserve the species during the dry season. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Phylactol&aelig;mata</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sta*toc"ra*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>State</i> +
<i>-cracy</i>, as in <i>democracy</i>.] <def>Government by the state,
or by political power, in distinction from government by
ecclesiastical power.</def> [R.]  <i>O. A. Brownson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stat"u*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A
statue.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They spake not a word;<BR>
But, like dumb <i>statuas</i> or breathing stones,<BR>
Gazed each on other.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stat"u*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Statuaries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>statuarius</i>, n., fr.
<i>statuarius</i>, a., of or belonging to statues, fr. <i>statua</i>
statue: cf. F. <i>statuaire</i>. See <u>Statue</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who practices the art of making
statues.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On other occasions the <i>statuaries</i> took their
subjects from the poets.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [L. <i>statuaria</i> (sc. <i>ars</i>): cf. F.
<i>statuaire</i>.] <def>The art of carving statues or images as
representatives of real persons or things; a branch of
sculpture.</def>  <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A collection of statues; statues,
collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stat"ue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>statua</i> (akin to <i>stativus</i> standing still), fr.
<i>stare</i>, <i>statum</i>, to stand. See <u>Stand</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The likeness of a living being sculptured or
modeled in some solid substance, as marble, bronze, or wax; an image;
as, a <i>statue</i> of Hercules, or of a lion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will raise her <i>statue</i> in pure
gold.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A portrait.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stat"ue</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Statued</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Statuing</u>.] <def>To place, as a statue; to form a statue of; to
make into a statue.</def> "The whole man becomes as if <i>statued</i>
into stone and earth."  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stat"ued</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adorned with
statues.</def> "The <i>statued</i> hall." <i>Longfellow.</i>
"<i>Statued</i> niches." <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stat"ue*less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
statue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stat"ue*like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
statue; motionless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stat`u*esque"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Partaking of,
or exemplifying, the characteristics of a statue; having the symmetry,
or other excellence, of a statue artistically made; as,
<i>statuesque</i>limbs; a <i>statuesque</i> attitude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their characters are mostly <i>statuesque</i> even in
this respect, that they have no background.</blockquote>
<i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stat`u*esque"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
statuesque manner; in a way suggestive of a statue; like a
statue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A character <i>statuesquely</i> simple in its
details.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stat`u*ette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., cf. It.
<i>statuetta</i>.] <def>A small statue; -- usually applied to a figure
much less than life size, especially when of marble or bronze, or of
plaster or clay as a preparation for the marble or bronze, as
distinguished from a figure in terra cotta or the like.  Cf.
<u>Figurine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta*tu"mi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>statuminatus</i>, p. p. of <i>statuminare</i> to prop, fr.
<i>statumen</i> a prop, fr. <i>statuere</i> to place.] <def>To prop or
support.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stat"ure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>stature</i>, OF.
<i>estature</i>, from L. <i>statura</i>, originally, an upright
posture, hence, height or size of the body, from <i>stare</i>,
<i>statum</i>, to stand. See <u>Stand</u>.] <def>The natural height of
an animal body; -- generally used of the human body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Foreign men of mighty <i>stature</i> came.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stat"ured</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Arrived at full
stature.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sta"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>State;
condition; position of affairs.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Sta"tus in` quo"</hw> (?), <hw>||Sta"tus quo"</hw>  }. [L.,
state in which.] <def>The state in which anything is already. The
phrase is also used retrospectively, as when, on a treaty of place,
matters return to the <i>status quo ante bellum</i>, or are left <i>in
statu quo ante bellum</i>, i.e., the state (or, in the state) before
the war.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stat"u*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Made or introduced by statute; proceeding from an act of the
legistature; as, a <i>statutable</i> provision or remedy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Made or being in conformity to statute;
standard; as, <i>statutable</i> measures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stat"u*ta*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Conformably to
statute.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stat"ute</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>statut</i>, LL.
<i>statutum</i>, from L. <i>statutus</i>, p. p. of <i>statuere</i> to
set, station, ordain, fr. <i>status</i> position, station, fr.
<i>stare</i>, <i>statum</i>, to stand. See <u>Stand</u>, and cf.
<u>Constitute</u>, <u>Destitute</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An act
of the legislature of a state or country, declaring, commanding, or
prohibiting something; a positive law; the written will of the
legislature expressed with all the requisite forms of legislation; --
used in distinction fraom <i>common law</i>. See <i>Common law</i>,
under <u>Common</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Statute</i> is commonly applied to the acts of a
legislative body consisting of representatives. In monarchies,
legislature laws of the sovereign are called <i>edicts</i>,
<i>decrees</i>, <i>ordinances</i>, <i>rescripts</i>, etc. In works on
international law and in the Roman law, the term is used as embracing
all laws imposed by competent authority. Statutes in this sense are
divided into statutes real, statutes personal, and statutes mixed;
<i>statutes real</i> applying to immovables; <i>statutes personal</i>
to movables; and <i>statutes mixed</i> to both classes of
property.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An act of a corporation or of its founder,
intended as a permanent rule or law; as, the <i>statutes</i> of a
university.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An assemblage of farming servants (held
possibly by statute) for the purpose of being hired; -- called also
<i>statute fair</i>.</def> [Eng.] Cf. 3d <u>Mop</u>, 2.
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Statute book</b></col>, <cd>a record of laws or legislative
acts.</cd> <i>Blackstone.</i> -- <col><b>Statute cap</b></col>, <cd>a
kind of woolen cap; -- so called because enjoined to be worn by a
statute, dated in 1571, in behalf of the trade of cappers.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Halliwell.</i> -- <col><b>Statute fair</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Statute</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3, above.</cd> --
<col><b>Statute labor</b></col>, <cd>a definite amount of labor
required for the public service in making roads, bridges, etc., as in
certain English colonies.</cd> -- <col><b>Statute merchant</b></col>
<i>(Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>a bond of record pursuant to the stat. 13 Edw.
I., acknowledged in form prescribed, on which, if not paid at the day,
an execution might be awarded against the body, lands, and goods of
the debtor, and the obligee might hold the lands until out of the
rents and profits of them the debt was satisfied; -- called also a
<i>pocket judgment</i>. It is now fallen into disuse.</cd>
<i>Tomlins.</i> <i>Bouvier.</i> -- <col><b>Statute mile</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Mile</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Statute of
limitations</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a statute assigned a certain
time, after which rights can not be enforced by action.</cd> --
<col><b>Statute staple</b></col>, <cd>a bond of record acknowledged
before the mayor of the staple, by virtue of which the creditor may,
on nonpayment, forthwith have execution against the body, lands, and
goods of the debtor, as in the <i>statute merchant</i>. It is now
disused.</cd> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Act; regulation; edict; decree. See <u>Law</u>.</p>

<p><! p. 1407 !></p>

<p><hw>Stat"u*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Enacted by
statute; depending on statute for its authority; as, a
<i>statutory</i> provision.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Staunch</hw> (?), <hw>Staunch"ly</hw>, <hw>Staunch"ness</hw>,
etc. } <def>See <u>Stanch</u>, <u>Stanchly</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stau"ro*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a cross +
<i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of a brown to black color
occurring in prismatic crystals, often twinned so as to form groups
resembling a cross. It is a silicate of aluminia and iron, and is
generally found imbedded in mica schist. Called also <i>granatite</i>,
and <i>grenatite</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stau`ro*lit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to staurolite; resembling or containing
staurolite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stau"ro*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a cross +
<i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>An optical instrument used
in determining the position of the planes of light-vibration in
sections of crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stau"ro*tide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>staurotide</i>, from Gr. &?; cruciform (from Gr. &?; a cross) + &?;
form.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Staurolite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stave</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Staff</u>, and
corresponding to the pl. <i>staves</i>. See <u>Staff</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of a number of narrow strips of wood, or
narrow iron plates, placed edge to edge to form the sides, covering,
or lining of a vessel or structure; esp., one of the strips which form
the sides of a cask, a pail, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the cylindrical bars of a lantern
wheel; one of the bars or rounds of a rack, a ladder, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A metrical portion; a stanza; a
staff.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us chant a passing <i>stave</i><BR>
In honor of that hero brave.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The five horizontal and
parallel lines on and between which musical notes are written or
pointed; the staff.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Stave jointer</b></col>, <cd>a machine for dressing the
edges of staves.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stave</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Staved</u> (?) or <u>Stove</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Staving</u>.] [From <u>Stave</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, or <u>Staff</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To break in a stave or the staves of; to break
a hole in; to burst; -- often with <i>in</i>; as, to <i>stave</i> a
cask; to <i>stave</i> in a boat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To push, as with a staff; -- with
<i>off</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The condition of a servant <i>staves</i> him off to a
distance.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To delay by force or craft; to drive away;
-- usually with <i>off</i>; as, to <i>stave</i> off the execution of a
project.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And answered with such craft as women use,<BR>
Guilty or guilties, to <i>stave</i> off a chance<BR>
That breaks upon them perilously.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To suffer, or cause, to be lost by breaking
the cask.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the wine in the city has been
<i>staved</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with staves or rundles.</def>
<i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To render impervious or solid by driving
with a calking iron; as, to <i>stave</i> lead, or the joints of pipes
into which lead has been run.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To stave and tail</b></col>, <cd>in bear baiting, (<i>to
stave</i>) to interpose with the staff, doubtless to stop the bear;
(<i>to tail</i>) to hold back the dog by the tail.</cd>
<i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stave</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To burst in pieces by
striking against something; to dash into fragments.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a vessel of glass she <i>stove</i> and
sank.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Staves</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Staff</u>.</def> "Banners, scarves
and <i>staves</i>." <i>R. Browning.</i> Also (st&amacr;vz),
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Stave</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Staves"a`cre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted from NL.
<i>staphis agria</i>, Gr. &?; dried grape + &?; wild.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A kind of larkspur (<i>Delphinium Staphysagria</i>), and its
seeds, which are violently purgative and emetic. They are used as a
parasiticide, and in the East for poisoning fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stave`wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
tall tree (<i>Simaruba amara</i>) growing in tropical America. It is
one of the trees which yields quassia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stav"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cassing or
lining of staves; especially, one encircling a water wheel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Staw</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan. <i>staae</i>
to stand, Sw. <i>st&aring;</i>. &radic;163.] <def>To be fixed or set;
to stay.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stay</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>st&aelig;g</i>,
akin to D., G., Icel., Sw., & Dan. <i>stag</i>; cf. OF. <i>estai</i>,
F. <i>&eacute;tai</i>, of Teutonic origin.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
large, strong rope, employed to support a mast, by being extended from
the head of one mast down to some other, or to some part of the
vessel. Those which lead forward are called <i>fore-and-aft stays</i>;
those which lead to the vessel's side are called <i>backstays</i>. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Ship</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In stays</b></col>, or <col><b>Hove in stays</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>in the act or situation of staying, or going about
from one tack to another.</cd> <i>R. H. Dana, Jr.</i> -- <col><b>Stay
holes</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>openings in the edge of a staysail
through which the hanks pass which join it to the stay.</cd> --
<col><b>Stay tackle</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a tackle attached to
a stay and used for hoisting or lowering heavy articles over the
side.</cd> -- <col><b>To miss stays</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to
fail in the attempt to go about.</cd> <i>Totten.</i> --
<col><b>Triatic stay</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a rope secured at
the ends to the heads of the foremast and mainmast with thimbles
spliced to its bight into which the stay tackles hook.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stay</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stayed</u> (?) or <u>Staid</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Staying</u>.] [OF. <i>estayer</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;tayer</i> to prop, fr. OF. <i>estai</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;tai</i>, a prop, probably fr. OD. <i>stade</i>,
<i>staeye</i>, a prop, akin to E. <i>stead</i>; or cf. <i>stay</i> a
rope to support a mast.  Cf. <u>Staid</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
<u>Stay</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stop
from motion or falling; to prop; to fix firmly; to hold up; to
support.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Aaron and Hur <i>stayed</i> up his hands, the one on
the one side, and the other on the other side.</blockquote> <i>Ex.
xvii. 12.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sallows and reeds . . . for vineyards useful found<BR>
To <i>stay</i> thy vines.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To support from sinking; to sustain with
strength; to satisfy in part or for the time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He has devoured a whole loaf of bread and butter, and
it has not <i>staid</i> his stomach for a minute.</blockquote> <i>Sir
W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bear up under; to endure; to support; to
resist successfully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She will not <i>stay</i> the siege of loving terms,<BR>
Nor bide the encounter of assailing eyes.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To hold from proceeding; to withhold; to
restrain; to stop; to hold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Him backward overthrew and down him <i>stayed</i><BR>
With their rude hands grisly grapplement.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All that may <i>stay</i> their minds from thinking that
true which they heartly wish were false.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To hinde&?;; to delay; to detain; to keep
back.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your ships are <i>stayed</i> at Venice.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This business <i>staid</i> me in London almost a
week.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I was willing to <i>stay</i> my reader on an argument
that appeared to me new.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To remain for the purpose of; to wait
for.</def> "I <i>stay</i> dinner there."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To cause to cease; to put an end
to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Stay</i> your strife.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For flattering planets seemed to say<BR>
This child should ills of ages <i>stay</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>To fasten or secure with
stays; as, to <i>stay</i> a flat sheet in a steam boiler.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To tack, as a vessel, so
that the other side of the vessel shall be presented to the
wind.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To stay a mast</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to incline it
forward or aft, or to one side, by the stays and backstays.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stay</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [&radic;163. See
<u>Stay</u> to hold up, prop.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To remain; to
continue in a place; to abide fixed for a space of time; to stop; to
stand still.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She would command the hasty sun to
<i>stay</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Stay</i>, I command you; <i>stay</i> and hear me
first.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>stay</i> a little longer, as one <i>stays</i><BR>
To cover up the embers that still burn.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To continue in a state.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The flames augment, and <i>stay</i><BR>
At their full height, then languish to decay.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To wait; to attend; to forbear to
act.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll tell thee all my whole device<BR>
When I am in my coach, which <i>stays</i> for us.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The father can not <i>stay</i> any longer for the
fortune.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To dwell; to tarry; to linger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I must <i>stay</i> a little on one action.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To rest; to depend; to rely; to stand; to
insist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>stay</i> here on my bond.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye despise this word, and trust in oppression and
perverseness, and <i>stay</i> thereon.</blockquote> <i>Isa. xxx.
12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To come to an end; to cease; as, that day
the storm <i>stayed</i>.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Here my commission <i>stays</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To hold out in a race or other contest; as,
a horse <i>stays</i> well.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To change tack; as a
ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stay</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>estai</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;tai</i> support, and E. <i>stay</i> a rope to support a
mast.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which serves as a prop; a
support.</def> "My only strength and <i>stay</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Trees serve as so many <i>stays</i> for their
vines.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lord Liverpool is the single <i>stay</i> of this
ministry.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A corset stiffened with
whalebone or other material, worn by women, and rarely by
men.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How the strait <i>stays</i> the slender waist
constrain.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Continuance in a place; abode for a space
of time; sojourn; as, you make a short <i>stay</i> in this
city.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Make haste, and leave thy business and thy care;<BR>
No mortal interest can be worth thy <i>stay</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Embrace the hero and his <i>stay</i>
implore.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Cessation of motion or progression; stand;
stop.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Made of sphere metal, never to decay<BR>
Until his revolution was at <i>stay</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Affairs of state seemed rather to stand at a
<i>stay</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Hindrance; let; check.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They were able to read good authors without any
<i>stay</i>, if the book were not false.</blockquote> <i>Robynson
(more's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Restraint of passion; moderation; caution;
steadiness; sobriety.</def> [Obs.] "Not grudging that thy lust hath
bounds and <i>stays</i>."  <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The wisdom, <i>stay</i>, and moderation of the
king.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With prudent <i>stay</i> he long deferred<BR>
The rough contention.</blockquote> <i>Philips.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>Strictly, a part in tension
to hold the parts together, or stiffen them.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stay bolt</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a bolt or short
rod, connecting opposite plates, so as to prevent them from being
bulged out when acted upon by a pressure which tends to force them
apart, as in the leg of a steam boiler.</cd> -- <col><b>Stay
busk</b></col>, <cd>a stiff piece of wood, steel, or whalebone, for
the front support of a woman's stays.  Cf. <u>Busk</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Stay rod</b></col>, <cd>a rod which acts as a stay,
particularly in a steam boiler.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stayed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Staid; fixed;
settled; sober; -- now written <i>staid</i>. See <u>Staid</u>.</def>
 <i>Bacon. Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stayed"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Staidly. See
<u>Staidly</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Stayed"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Staidness.</def> [Archaic]  <i>W. Whately.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Solidity; weight.</def> [R.]
<i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stay"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who upholds or
supports that which props; one who, or that which, stays, stops, or
restrains; also, colloquially, a horse, man, etc., that has endurance,
an a race.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stay"lace`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lace for
fastening stays.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stay"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without stop or
delay.</def>  <i>Mir. for Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stay"mak`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose
occupation is to make stays.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stay"nil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European starling.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stay"sail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Any sail extended on a stay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stay"ship`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A remora, -- fabled to stop ships by attaching itself to
them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stead</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stede</i> place,
AS. <i>stede</i>; akin to LG. & D. <i>stede</i>, OS. <i>stad</i>,
<i>stedi</i>, OHG. <i>stat</i>, G. <i>statt</i>, <i>st&auml;tte</i>,
Icel. <i>sta&eth;r</i>, Dan. <i>sted</i>, Sw. <i>stad</i>, Goth.
<i>sta&?;s</i>, and E. <i>stand</i>. &radic;163. See <u>Stand</u>, and
cf. <u>Staith</u>, <u>Stithy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Place, or
spot, in general.</def> [Obs., except in composition.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fly, therefore, fly this fearful <i>stead</i>
anon.</blockquote>
 <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Place or room which another had, has, or
might have.</def> "Stewards of your <i>steads</i>."  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>stead</i> of bounds, he a pillar
set.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A frame on which a bed is laid; a
bedstead.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The genial bed,<BR>
Sallow the feet, the borders, and the <i>stead</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A farmhouse and offices.</def> [Prov. Eng.
& Scot.]</p>

<p>&fist; The word is now commonly used as the last part of a
compound; as, farm<i>stead</i>, home<i>stead</i>, read<i>stead</i>,
etc.</p>

<p><col><b>In stead of</b></col>, <cd>in place of. See
<u>Instead</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To stand in stead</b></col>, or
<col><b>To do stead</b></col>, <cd>to be of use or great
advantage.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The smallest act . . . shall <i>stand</i> us <i>in</i>
great <i>stead</i>.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Here thy sword can <i>do</i> thee little
<i>stead</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stead</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
help; to support; to benefit; to assist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Perhaps my succour or advisement meet,<BR>
Mote <i>stead</i> you much your purpose to subdue.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It nothing <i>steads</i> us<BR>
To chide him from our eaves.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fill place of.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stead"fast</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Stead</i> +
<i>fast</i>, that is, fast in place.] [Written also <i>stedfast</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Firmly fixed or established; fast fixed;
firm.</def> "This <i>steadfast</i> globe of earth."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not fickle or wavering; constant; firm;
resolute; unswerving; steady.</def> "<i>Steadfast</i> eye."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Abide <i>steadfast</i> unto him [thy neighbor] in the
time of his trouble.</blockquote> <i>Ecclus. xxii. 23.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whom resist <i>steadfast</i> in the faith.</blockquote>
<i>1 Pet. v. 9.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stead"fast*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a steadfast
manner; firmly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Steadfast</i> believe that whatever God has revealed
is infallibly true.</blockquote> <i>Wake.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stead"fast*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being steadfast; firmness; fixedness; constancy.</def> "The
<i>steadfastness</i> of your faith."  <i>Col. ii. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To prove her wifehood and her
<i>steadfastness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stead"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a steady
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stead"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being steady.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Steadiness</i> is a point of prudence as well as of
courage.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Constancy; resolution; unchangeableness.</p>

<p><hw>Stead"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The brans,
stables, cattle-yards, etc., of a farm; -- called also <i>onstead</i>,
<i>farmstead</i>, <i>farm offices</i>, or <i>farmery</i>.</def> [Prov.
Eng. & Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Stead"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Steadier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Steadiest</u>.] [Cf. AS. <i>stedig</i>
sterile, barren, <i>st&aelig;&?;&?;ig</i>, steady (in
<i>gest&aelig;&?;&?;ig</i>), D. <i>stedig</i>, <i>stadig</i>,
<i>steeg</i>, G. <i>st&auml;tig</i>, <i>stetig</i>. See <u>Stead</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Firm in standing or
position; not tottering or shaking; fixed; firm.</def> "The softest,
<i>steadiest</i> plume."  <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their feet <i>steady</i>, their hands diligent, their
eyes watchful, and their hearts resolute.</blockquote> <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Constant in feeling, purpose, or pursuit;
not fickle, changeable, or wavering; not easily moved or persuaded to
alter a purpose; resolute; as, a man <i>steady</i> in his principles,
in his purpose, or in the pursuit of an object.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Regular; constant; undeviating; uniform;
as, the <i>steady</i> course of the sun; a <i>steady</i> breeze of
wind.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fixed; regular; uniform; undeviating; invariable;
unremitted; stable.</p>

<p><col><b>Steady rest</b></col> <i>(Mach)</i>, <cd>a rest in a
turning lathe, to keep a long piece of work from trembling.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stead"y</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Steadied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Steadying</u>.] <def>To make steady; to hold or keep from shaking,
reeling, or falling; to make or keep firm; to support; to make
constant, regular, or resolute.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stead"y</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become steady; to
regain a steady position or state; to move steadily.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Without a breeze, without a tide,<BR>
She <i>steadies</i> with upright keel.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steak</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>steike</i>, Icel.
<i>steik</i>, akin to Icel. <i>steikja</i> to roast, <i>stikna</i> to
be roasted or scorched, and E. <i>stick</i>, the steak being broiled
on a spit. See <u>Stick</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A slice of
beef, broiled, or cut for broiling; -- also extended to the meat of
other large animals; as, venison <i>steak</i>; bear <i>steak</i>; pork
<i>steak</i>; turtle <i>steak</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Stale</u> a
handle.] <def>A handle; a stale, or stele.</def> [Archaic or Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And in his hand a huge poleax did bear.<BR>
Whose <i>steale</i> was iron-studded but not long.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steal</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Stole</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Stolen</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Stealing</u>.] [OE.
<i>stelen</i>, AS. <i>stelan</i>; akin to OFries. <i>stela</i>, D.
<i>stelen</i>, OHG. <i>stelan</i>, G. <i>stehlen</i>, Icel.
<i>stela</i>, SW. <i>stj&auml;la</i>, Dan. <i>sti&aelig;le</i>, Goth.
<i>stilan</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take and carry away,
feloniously; to take without right or leave, and with intent to keep
wrongfully; as, to <i>steal</i> the personal goods of
another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Maugre thy heed, thou must for indigence<BR>
Or <i>steal</i>, or borrow, thy dispense.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The man who <i>stole</i> a goose and gave away the
giblets in &?;lms.</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To withdraw or convey clandestinely
(reflexive); hence, to creep furtively, or to insinuate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They could insinuate and <i>steal</i> themselves under
the same by their humble carriage and submission.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He will <i>steal</i> himself into a man's
favor.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To gain by insinuating arts or covert
means.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So Absalom <i>stole</i> the hearts of the men of
Israel.</blockquote> <i>2 Sam. xv. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To get into one's power gradually and by
imperceptible degrees; to take possession of by a gradual and
imperceptible appropriation; -- with <i>away</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Variety of objects has a tendency to <i>steal</i> away
the mind from its steady pursuit of any subject.</blockquote> <i>I.
Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To accomplish in a concealed or unobserved
manner; to try to carry out secretly; as, to <i>steal</i> a
look.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Always, when thou changest thine opinion or course,
profess it plainly, . . . and do not think to <i>steal</i>
it.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To steal a march</b></col>, <cd>to march in a covert way;
to gain an advantage unobserved; -- formerly followed by <i>of</i>,
but now by <i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>, and sometimes by <i>over</i>; as,
<i>to steal a march</i> upon one's political rivals.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>She yesterday wanted <i>to steal a march</i> of poor
Liddy.</blockquote> <i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fifty thousand men can not easily <i>steal a march</i>
over the sea.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To filch; pilfer; purloin; thieve.</p>

<p><! p. 1408 !></p>

<p><hw>Steal</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To practice, or be guilty of, theft; to commit larceny or
theft.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt not <i>steal</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xx.
15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To withdraw, or pass privily; to slip in,
along, or away, unperceived; to go or come furtively.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fixed of mind to avoid further entreaty, and to fly all
company, one night she <i>stole</i> away.</blockquote> <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From whom you now must <i>steal</i>, and take no
leave.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A soft and solemn breathing sound<BR>
Rose like a steam of rich, distilled perfumes,<BR>
And <i>stole</i> upon the air.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steal"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who steals; a thief.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>The endmost plank of
a strake which stops short of the stem or stern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steal"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of taking feloniously the personal property of another
without his consent and knowledge; theft; larceny.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is stolen; stolen property; --
chiefly used in the plural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steal"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By stealing, or
as by stealing, furtively, or by an invisible motion.</def>  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stealth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>staple</i>. See
<u>Steal</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of stealing; theft.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The owner proveth the <i>stealth</i> to have been
committed upon him by such an outlaw.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The thing stolen; stolen property.</def>
[Obs.] "Sluttish dens . . . serving to cover <i>stealths</i>."  <i>Sir
W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The bringing to pass anything in a secret
or concealed manner; a secret procedure; a clandestine practice or
action; -- in either a good or a bad sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Do good by <i>stealth</i>, and blush to find it
fame.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The monarch, blinded with desire of wealth,<BR>
With steel invades the brother's life by <i>stealth</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I told him of your <i>stealth</i> unto this
wood.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stealth"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Given to
stealth; stealthy.</def> [Obs.] -- <wf>Stealth"ful*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.] -- <wf>Stealth"ful*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stealth"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
stealthy manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stealth"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state,
quality, or character of being stealthy; stealth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stealth"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stealthy;
sly.</def>  <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stealth"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Stealthier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Stealthiest</u>.] <def>Done by stealth;
accomplished clandestinely; unperceived; secret; furtive;
sly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Withered murder] with his <i>stealthy</i> pace, . . .
<BR>
Moves like a ghost.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stem</i>,
<i>steem</i>, vapor, flame, AS. <i>ste&aacute;m</i> vapor, smoke,
odor; akin to D. <i>stoom</i> steam, perhaps originally, a pillar, or
something rising like a pillar; cf. Gr. &?; to erect, &?; a pillar,
and E. <i>stand</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The elastic,
a&euml;riform fluid into which water is converted when heated to the
boiling points; water in the state of vapor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The mist formed by condensed vapor; visible
vapor; -- so called in popular usage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any exhalation.</def> "A <i>steam</i> og
rich, distilled perfumes."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dry steam</b></col>, <cd>steam which does not contain water
held in suspension mechanically; -- sometimes applied to superheated
steam.</cd> -- <col><b>Exhaust steam</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Exhaust</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>High steam</b></col>, or <col><b>High-
pressure steam</b></col>, <cd>steam of which the pressure greatly
exceeds that of the atmosphere.</cd> -- <col><b>Low steam</b></col>,
or <col><b>Low-pressure steam</b></col>, <cd>steam of which the
pressure is less than, equal to, or not greatly above, that of the
atmosphere.</cd> -- <col><b>Saturated steam</b></col>, <cd>steam at
the temperature of the boiling point which corresponds to its
pressure; -- sometimes also applied to <i>wet steam</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Superheated steam</b></col>, <cd>steam heated to a temperature
higher than the boiling point corresponding to its pressure. It can
not exist in contact with water, nor contain water, and resembles a
perfect gas; -- called also <i>surcharged steam</i>, <i>anhydrous
steam</i>, and <i>steam gas</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wet steam</b></col>,
<cd>steam which contains water held in suspension mechanically; --
called also <i>misty steam</i>.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Steam</i> is often used adjectively, and in combination,
to denote, <i>produced by heat</i>, or <i>operated by power</i>,
<i>derived from steam</i>, in distinction from other sources of power;
as in <i>steam</i> boiler or <i>steam</i>-boiler, <i>steam</i> dredger
or <i>steam</i>-dredger, <i>steam</i> engine or <i>steam</i>-engine,
<i>steam</i> heat, <i>steam</i> plow or <i>steam</i>-plow, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Steam blower</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A blower
for producing a draught consisting of a jet or jets of steam in a
chimney or under a fire</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A fan blower
driven directly by a steam engine.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam
boiler</b></col>, <cd>a boiler for producing steam. See <u>Boiler</u>,
3, and Note. In the illustration, the shell <i>a</i> of the boiler is
partly in section, showing the tubes, or flues, which the hot gases,
from the fire beneath the boiler, enter, after traversing the outside
of the shell, and through which the gases are led to the smoke pipe
<i>d</i>, which delivers them to the chimney; <i>b</i> is the manhole;
<i>c</i> the dome; <i>e</i> the steam pipe; <i>f</i> the feed and
blow-off pipe; <i>g</i> the safety value; <i>h</i>the water
gauge.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam car</b></col>, <cd>a car driven by steam
power, or drawn by a locomotive.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam
carriage</b></col>, <cd>a carriage upon wheels moved on common roads
by steam.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam casing</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Steam
jacket</i>, under <u>Jacket</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam
chest</b></col>, <cd>the box or chamber from which steam is
distributed to the cylinder of a steam engine, steam pump, etc., and
which usually contains one or more values; -- called also <i>valve
chest</i>, and <i>valve box</i>.  See <i>Illust.</i> of <i>Slide
valve</i>, under <u>Slide</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam
chimney</b></col>, <cd>an annular chamber around the chimney of a
boiler furnace, for drying steam.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam
coil</b></col>, <cd>a coil of pipe, or collection of connected pipes,
for containing steam; -- used for heating, drying, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Steam colors</b></col> <i>(Calico Printing)</i>, <cd>colors in
which the chemical reaction fixed the coloring matter in the fiber is
produced by steam.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam cylinder</b></col>, <cd>the
cylinder of a steam engine, which contains the piston. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <i>Slide valve</i>, under <u>Slide</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Steam dome</b></col> <i>(Steam Boilers)</i>, <cd>a chamber
upon the top of the boiler, from which steam is conduced to the
engine. See <i>Illust.</i> of <i>Steam boiler</i>, above.</cd> --
<col><b>Steam fire engine</b></col>, <cd>a fire engine consisting of a
steam boiler and engine, and pump which is driven by the engine,
combined and mounted on wheels. It is usually drawn by horses, but is
sometimes made self-propelling.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam
fitter</b></col>, <cd>a fitter of steam pipes.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam
fitting</b></col>, <cd>the act or the occupation of a steam fitter;
also, a pipe fitting for steam pipes.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam
gas</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Superheated steam</i>, above.</cd> --
<col><b>Steam gauge</b></col>, <cd>an instrument for indicating the
pressure of the steam in a boiler. The <i>mercurial steam gauge</i> is
a bent tube partially filled with mercury, one end of which is
connected with the boiler while the other is open to the air, so that
the steam by its pressure raises the mercury in the long limb of the
tume to a height proportioned to that pressure. A more common form,
especially for high pressures, consists of a spring pressed upon by
the steam, and connected with the pointer of a dial. The spring may be
a flattened, bent tube, closed at one end, which the entering steam
tends to straighten, or it may be a diaphragm of elastic metal, or a
mass of confined air, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam gun</b></col>, <cd>a
machine or contrivance from which projectiles may be thrown by the
elastic force of steam.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam hammer</b></col>, <cd>a
hammer for forging, which is worked directly by steam; especially, a
hammer which is guided vertically and operated by a vertical steam
cylinder located directly over an anvil. In the variety known as
<i>Nasmyth's</i>, the cylinder is fixed, and the hammer is attached to
the piston rod. In that known as <i>Condie's</i>, the piston is fixed,
and the hammer attached to the lower end of the cylinder.</cd> --
<col><b>Steam heater</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A radiator
heated by steam</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An apparatus consisting
of a steam boiler, radiator, piping, and fixures for warming a house
by steam.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam jacket</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Jacket</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam packet</b></col>, <cd>a packet or
vessel propelled by steam, and running periodically between certain
ports.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam pipe</b></col>, <cd>any pipe for
conveying steam; specifically, a pipe through which steam is supplied
to an engine.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam plow</b></col> or
<col><b>plough</b></col>, <cd>a plow, or gang of plows, moved by a
steam engine.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam port</b></col>, <cd>an opening for
steam to pass through, as from the steam chest into the cylinder.</cd>
-- <col><b>Steam power</b></col>, <cd>the force or energy of steam
applied to produce results; power derived from a steam engine.</cd> --
<col><b>Steam propeller</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Propeller</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Steam pump</b></col>, <cd>a small pumping engine operated by
steam. It is usually direct-acting.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam
room</b></col> <i>(Steam Boilers)</i>, <cd>the space in the boiler
above the water level, and in the dome, which contains steam.</cd> --
<col><b>Steam table</b></col>, <cd>a table on which are dishes heated
by steam for keeping food warm in the carving room of a hotel,
restaurant, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam trap</b></col>, <cd>a self-
acting device by means of which water that accumulates in a pipe or
vessel containing steam will be discharged without permitting steam to
escape.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam tug</b></col>, <cd>a steam vessel used
in towing or propelling ships.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam vessel</b></col>,
<cd>a vessel propelled by steam; a steamboat or steamship; -- a
steamer.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam whistle</b></col>, <cd>an apparatus
attached to a steam boiler, as of a locomotive, through which steam is
rapidly discharged, producing a loud whistle which serves as a warning
signal. The steam issues from a narrow annular orifice around the
upper edge of the lower cup or hemisphere, striking the thin edge of
the bell above it, and producing sound in the manner of an organ pipe
or a common whistle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Steam</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Steamed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Steaming</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To emit steam or
vapor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My brother's ghost hangs hovering there,<BR>
O'er his warm blood, that <i>steams</i> into the air.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let the crude humors dance<BR>
In heated brass, <i>steaming</i> with fire intence.</blockquote> <i>J.
Philips.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rise in vapor; to issue, or pass off, as
vapor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dissolved amber . . . <i>steamed</i> away into the
air.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To move or travel by the agency of
steam.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The vessel <i>steamed</i> out of port.</blockquote>
<i>N. P. Willis.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To generate steam; as, the boiler
<i>steams</i> well.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steam</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To exhale.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To expose to the action of steam; to apply
steam to for softening, dressing, or preparing; as, to <i>steam</i>
wood; to <i>steam</i>cloth; to <i>steam</i> food, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steam"boat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A boat or
vessel propelled by steam power; -- generally used of river or
coasting craft, as distinguished from ocean steamers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steam"boat`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The occupation or business of running a steamboat, or of
transporting merchandise, passengers, etc., by steamboats.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bookbinding)</i> <def>The shearing of a pile
of books which are as yet uncovered, or out of boards.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steam" en"gine</hw> (?). <def>An engine moved by
steam.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In its most common forms its essential parts are a
<i>piston</i>, a <i>cylinder</i>, and a <i>valve gear</i>. The piston
works in the cylinder, to which steam is admitted by the action of the
valve gear, and communicates motion to the machinery to be actuated.
Steam engines are thus classified: 1. According to the wat the steam
is used or applied, as <i>condencing</i>, <i>noncondencing</i>,
<i>compound</i>, <i>double-acting</i>, <i>single-acting</i>,
<i>triple-expansion</i>, etc. 2. According to the motion of the
piston, as <i>reciprocating</i>, <i>rotary</i>, etc. 3. According to
the motion imparted by the engine, as <i>rotative</i> and
<i>nonrotative</i>. 4. According to the arrangement of the engine, as
<i>stationary</i>, <i>portable</i>, and <i>semiportable</i> engines,
<i>beam</i> engine, <i>oscillating</i> engine, <i>direct-acting</i>
and <i>back-acting</i> engines, etc. 5. According to their uses, as
<i>portable</i>, <i>marine</i>, <i>locomotive</i>, <i>pumping</i>,
<i>blowing</i>, <i>winding</i>, and <i>stationary</i> engines.
<i>Locomotive</i> and <i>portable</i> engines are usually high-
pressure, noncondencing, rotative, and direct-acting. <i>Marine</i>
engines are high or low pressure, rotative, and generally condencing,
double-acting, and compound. <i>Paddle</i> engines are generally beam,
side&?;lever, oscillating, or direct-acting. <i>Screw</i> engines are
generally direct-acting, back-acting, or oscillating.
<i>Stationary</i> engines belong to various classes, but are generally
rotative. A horizontal or inclined stationary steam engine is called a
<i>left-hand</i> or a <i>right-hand</i> engine when the crank shaft
and driving pulley are on the left-hand side, or the right-hand side,
respectively, or the engine, to a person looking at them from the
cylinder, and is said to run <i>forward</i> or <i>backward</i> when
the crank traverses the upward half, or lower half, respectively, of
its path, while the piston rod makes its stroke outward from the
cylinder. A marine engine, or the engine of a locomotive, is said to
run forward when its motion is such as would propel the vessel or the
locomotive forward. Steam engines are further classified as <i>double-
cylinder</i>, <i>disk</i>, <i>semicylinder</i>, <i>trunk</i> engines,
etc. Machines, such as cranes, hammers, etc., of which the steam
engine forms a part, are called <i>steam cranes</i>, <i>steam
hammers</i>, etc. See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</p>

<p><col><b>Back-acting</b></col>, or <col><b>Back-action</b></col>,
<col><b>steam engine</b></col>, <cd>a steam engine in which the motion
is transmitted backward from the crosshead to a crank which is between
the crosshead and the cylinder, or beyond the cylinder.</cd> --
<col><b>Portable steam engine</b></col>, <cd>a steam engine combined
with, and attached to, a boiler which is mounted on wheels so as to
admit of easy transportation; -- used for driving machinery in the
field, as trashing machines, draining pumps, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Semiportable steam engine</b></col>, <cd>a steam engine
combined with, and attached to, a steam boiler, but not mounted on
wheels.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Steam"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A vessel propelled by steam; a steamship or steamboat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A steam fire engine. See under
<u>Steam</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A road locomotive for use on common roads,
as in agricultural operations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A vessel in which articles are subjected to
the action of steam, as in washing, in cookery, and in various
processes of manufacture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The steamer
duck.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Steamer duck</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a sea duck
(<i>Tachyeres cinereus</i>), native of Patagonia and Terra del Fuego,
which swims and dives with great agility, but which, when full grown,
is incapable of flight, owing to its very small wings. Called also
<i>loggerhead</i>, <i>race horse</i>, and <i>side wheel
duck</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Steam"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
condition of being steamy; vaporousness; mistness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steam"ship`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A ship or
seagoing vessel propelled by the power of steam; a steamer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steam"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of, or
resembling, steam; full of steam; vaporous; misty.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stean</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. & v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Steen</u>.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stean"ingp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Steening</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste*ap"sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol
Chem.)</i> <def>An unorganized ferment or enzyme present in pancreatic
juice. It decomposes neutral fats into glycerin and fatty
acids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"a*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of stearic acid; as, ordinary soap consists largely of sodium or
potassium <i>stearates</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1409 !></p>

<p><hw>Ste*ar"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>st&eacute;arique</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to,
or obtained from, stearin or tallow; resembling tallow.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stearic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a monobasic
fatty acid, obtained in the form of white crystalline scales, soluble
in alcohol and ether. It melts to an oily liquid at 69&deg;C.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ste"a*rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; tallow, suet:
cf. F. <i>st&eacute;arine</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>One of
the constituents of animal fats and also of some vegetable fats, as
the butter of cacao. It is especially characterized by its solidity,
so that when present in considerable quantity it materially increases
the hardness, or raises the melting point, of the fat, as in mutton
tallow. Chemically, it is a compound of glyceryl with three molecules
of stearic acid, and hence is technically called <i>tristearin</i>, or
<i>glyceryl tristearate</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste`a*rol"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Stear</i>ic +
<i>ol</i>eic + <i>-ic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
designating, an acid of the acetylene series, isologous with stearis
acid, and obtained, as a white crystalline substance, from ole&iuml;c
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"a*rone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The ketone of stearic acid, obtained as a white crystalline
substance, (C<sub>17</sub>H<sub>35</sub>)<sub>2</sub>.CO, by the
distillation of calcium stearate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste`a*rop"tene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stear</i>ic +
<i>-optene</i> as in el&aelig;<i>optene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The
more solid ingredient of certain volatile oils; -- contrasted with
<i>el&aelig;optene</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ste`ar*rhe"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; tallow + &?; to flow.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>seborrhea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"a*ryl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stear</i>ic + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The hypothetical radical characteristic
of stearic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"a*tite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, fat,
tallow: cf. F. <i>st&eacute;atite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A massive
variety of talc, of a grayish green or brown color. It forms extensive
beds, and is quarried for fireplaces and for coarse utensils. Called
also <i>potstone</i>, <i>lard stone</i>, and
<i>soapstone</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste`a*tit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or of the nature of, steatite; containing or
resembling steatite.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ste`a*to"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; to turn into tallow or suet, fr. &?;, &?;, fat, suet.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A cyst containing matter like suet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste`a*tom"a*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Of the nature of steatoma.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ste`a*top"y*ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, &?;, fat + &?; the buttocks.] <def>A remarkable accretion of fat
upon the buttocks of Africans of certain tribes, especially of
Hottentot women.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste`a*top"y*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having fat
buttocks.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Specimens of the <i>steatopygous</i> Abyssinian
breed.</blockquote> <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sted</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <hw>Sted"fast</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <hw>Sted"fast*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>,
etc. <def>See <u>Stead</u>, <u>Steadfast</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>stiege</i>.
&radic;164. See <u>Stair</u>.] <def>A ladder.</def> [Obs. or Prov.
Eng.] [Written also <i>stey</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Steed</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stede</i>, AS.
<i>st&emacr;da</i> a stud-horse, war horse, fr. <i>st&omacr;d</i> a
stud of breeding steeds; akin to G. <i>stute</i> a mare, Icel.
<i>stedda</i>, <i>st&omacr;&?;</i>, a stud. &radic;163. See
<u>Stud</u> of horses.] <def>A horse, especially a spirited horse for
state of war; -- used chiefly in poetry or stately prose.</def> "A
knight upon a <i>steed</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Mounted upon a hot and fiery <i>steed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steed"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no steed;
without a horse.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Steek</hw>, <hw>Steik</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[Cf. <u>Stick</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To pierce with a
sharp instrument; hence, to stitch; to sew; also, to fix; to
fasten.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Steel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>st&emacr;l</i>,
<i>st&ymacr;l</i>, <i>st&ymacr;le</i>; akin to D. <i>staal</i>, G.
<i>stahl</i>, OHG. <i>stahal</i>, Icel. <i>st&amacr;l</i>, Dan.
<i>staal</i>, Sw. <i>st&aring;l</i>, Old Prussian <i>stakla</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Metal)</i> <def>A variety of iron intermediate
in composition and properties between wrought iron and cast iron
(containing between one half of one per cent and one and a half per
cent of carbon), and consisting of an alloy of iron with an iron
carbide. Steel, unlike wrought iron, can be tempered, and retains
magnetism. Its malleability decreases, and fusibility increases, with
an increase in carbon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument or implement made of
steel</def>; as: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A weapon, as a sword, dagger, etc.</def>
"Brave Macbeth . . . with his brandished <i>steel</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>While doubting thus he stood,<BR>
Received the <i>steel</i> bathed in his brother's blood.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An instrument of steel (usually a round
rod) for sharpening knives.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A piece of steel for striking sparks from
flint.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Anything of extreme hardness; that
which is characterized by sternness or rigor.</def> "Heads of
<i>steel</i>." <i>Johnson.</i> "Manhood's heart of <i>steel</i>."
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A chalybeate medicine.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Steel</i> is often used in the formation of compounds,
generally of obvious meaning; as, <i>steel</i>-clad, <i>steel</i>-
girt, <i>steel</i>-hearted, <i>steel</i>-plated, <i>steel</i>-pointed,
etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Bessemer steel</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i> <cd>See in the
Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Blister steel</b></col>. <i>(Metal.)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Blister</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cast steel</b></col>
<i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>a fine variety of steel, originally made by
smelting blister or cementation steel; hence, ordinarily, steel of any
process of production when remelted and cast.</cd> -- <col><b>Cromium
steel</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>a hard, tenacious variety
containing a little cromium, and somewhat resembling <i>tungsten
steel</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mild steel</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>a
kind of steel having a lower proportion of carbon than ordinary steel,
rendering it softer and more malleable.</cd> -- <col><b>Puddled
steel</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>a variety of steel produced from
cast iron by the puddling process.</cd> -- <col><b>Steel
duck</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the goosander, or
merganser.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Steel mill</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Firearms)</i> <cd>See <i>Wheel lock</i>, under
<u>Wheel</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A mill which has steel
grinding surfaces</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>A mill where steel is
manufactured.</cd> -- <col><b>Steel trap</b></col>, <cd>a trap for
catching wild animals. It consists of two iron jaws, which close by
means of a powerful steel spring when the animal disturbs the catch,
or tongue, by which they are kept open.</cd> -- <col><b>Steel
wine</b></col>, <cd>wine, usually sherry, in which steel filings have
been placed for a considerable time, -- used as a medicine.</cd> --
<col><b>Tincture of steel</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>an alcoholic
solution of the chloride of iron.</cd> -- <col><b>Tungsten
steel</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>a variety of steel containing a
small amount of tungsten, and noted for its tenacity and hardness, as
well as for its malleability and tempering qualities. It is also noted
for its magnetic properties.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Steel</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Steeled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Steeling</u>.] [AS. <i>stlan</i>: cf. Icel. <i>st&aelig;la</i>. See
<u>Steel</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
overlay, point, or edge with steel; as, to <i>steel</i> a razor; to
<i>steel</i> an ax.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make hard or strong; hence, to make
insensible or obdurate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lies well <i>steeled</i> with weighty
arguments.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O God of battles! <i>steel</i> my soldier's
hearts.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Why will you fight against so sweet a passion,<BR>
And <i>steel</i> your heart to such a world of charms?</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To cause to resemble steel, as in
smoothness, polish, or other qualities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These waters, <i>steeled</i><BR>
By breezeless air to smoothest polish.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>To cover, as an electrotype
plate, with a thin layer of iron by electrolysis. The iron thus
deposited is very hard, like steel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steel"bow` goods"</hw> (?). <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>Those goods
on a farm, such as corn, cattle, implements husbandry, etc., which may
not be carried off by a removing tenant, as being the property of the
landlord.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steel"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who points,
edges, or covers with steel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steel"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Stealer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steel"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A North Pacific salmon (<i>Salmo
Gairdneri</i>) found from Northern California to Siberia; -- called
also <i>hardhead</i>, and <i>preesil</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The ruddy
duck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steel"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being steely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steel"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The process of
pointing, edging, or overlaying with steel; specifically, acierage.
See <u>Steel</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Steel"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Made of steel; consisting of steel.</def> "The <i>steely</i>
point of Clifford's lance."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Around his shop the <i>steely</i> sparkles
flew.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling steel; hard; firm; having the
color of steel.</def> "His hair was <i>steely</i> gray."  <i>The
Century.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She would unarm her noble heart of that <i>steely</i>
resistance against the sweet blows of love.</blockquote> <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Steely iron</b></col>, <cd>a compound of iron containing
less than one half of one per cent of carbon.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Steel"yard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named from a
place in London called the <i>Steelyard</i>, which was a yard in which
steel was sold.] <def>A form of balance in which the body to be
weighed is suspended from the shorter arm of a lever, which turns on a
fulcrum, and a counterpoise is caused to slide upon the longer arm to
produce equilibrium, its place upon this arm (which is notched or
graduated) indicating the weight; a Roman balance; -- very commonly
used also in the plural form, <i>steelyards</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steem</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. & v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Esteem</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steem</hw>, <pos><i>n. & v.</i></pos> <def>See 1st and 2nd
<u>Stem</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>st&?;na</i>. See
<u>Stone</u>.] [Written also <i>stean</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
vessel of clay or stone.</def> "An huge great earth-pot
<i>steane</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wall of brick, stone, or cement, used as
a lining, as of a well, cistern, etc.; a steening.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steen</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>st&?;nan</i> to
adorn with stones or gems. See <u>Stone</u>.] <def>To line, as a well,
with brick, stone, or other hard material.</def> [Written also
<i>stean</i>, and <i>stein</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Steen"bok`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>steen</i>
stone + <i>bok</i> buck.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Steinbock</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steen"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lining made of
brick, stone, or other hard material, as for a well.</def> [Written
also <i>steaning</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Steen"kirk`</hw> (?), <hw>Stein"kirk`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from the battle of <i>Steinkirk</i>,
in 1692, on which occasion the French nobles had no time to arrange
their lace neckcloths.] <def>A kind of neckcloth worn in a loose and
disorderly fashion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steep</hw> (st&emacr;p), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bright;
glittering; fiery.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His eyen <i>steep</i>, and rolling in his
head.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steep</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Steeped</u> (st&emacr;pt); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Steeping</u>.] [OE. <i>stepen</i>, probably fr. Icel.
<i>steypa</i> to cause to stoop, cast down, pour out, to cast metals,
causative of <i>st&umacr;pa</i> to stoop; cf. Sw. <i>st&ouml;pa</i> to
cast, to steep, Dan. <i>st&ouml;be</i>, D. & G. <i>stippen</i> to
steep, to dip.  Cf. <u>Stoop</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To
soak in a liquid; to macerate; to extract the essence of by soaking;
as, to soften seed by <i>steeping</i> it in water. Often used
figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let fancy still my sense in Lethe
<i>steep</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In refreshing dew to <i>steep</i><BR>
The little, trembling flowers.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The learned of the nation were <i>steeped</i> in
Latin.</blockquote> <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steep</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To undergo the process
of soaking in a liquid; as, the tea is <i>steeping</i>.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Steep</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something steeped, or used in steeping; a fertilizing liquid to
hasten the germination of seeds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rennet bag.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Steep</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Comper.</i></pos>
<u>Steeper</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Steepest</u>.] [OE.
<i>steep</i>, <i>step</i>, AS. <i>ste&aacute;p</i>; akin to Icel.
<i>steyp&?;r</i> steep, and <i>st&umacr;pa</i> to stoop, Sw.
<i>stupa</i> to fall, to tilt; cf. OFries. <i>stap</i> high.  Cf.
<u>Stoop</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, <u>Steep</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, <u>Steeple</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Making a large
angle with the plane of the horizon; ascending or descending rapidly
with respect to a horizontal line or a level; precipitous; as, a
<i>steep</i> hill or mountain; a <i>steep</i> roof; a <i>steep</i>
ascent; a <i>steep</i> declivity; a <i>steep</i> barometric
gradient.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Difficult of access; not easy reached;
lofty; elevated; high.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Excessive; as, a <i>steep</i> price.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Steep</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A precipitous place,
hill, mountain, rock, or ascent; any elevated object sloping with a
large angle to the plane of the horizon; a precipice.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We had on each side naked rocks and mountains broken
into a thousand irregular <i>steeps</i> and precipices.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bare <i>steeps</i>, where desolation
stalks.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steep"-down`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deep and
precipitous, having steep descent.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Wash me in <i>steep-down</i> gulfs of liquid
fire.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steep"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Steepened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Steepening</u>.] <def>To become steep or steeper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As the way <i>steepened</i> . . . I could detect in the
hollow of the hill some traces of the old path.</blockquote> <i>H.
Miller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steep"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vessel, vat, or
cistern, in which things are steeped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steep"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Steepness.</def>  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steep"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat steep.</def>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stee"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stepel</i>, AS.
<i>st&emacr;pel</i>, <i>st&?;pel</i>; akin to E. <i>steep</i>, a.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A spire; also, the tower and spire taken together;
the whole of a structure if the roof is of spire form. See
<u>Spire</u>.</def> "A weathercock on a <i>steeple</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Rood steeple</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Rood tower</i>, under
<u>Rood</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Steeple bush</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a low shrub (<i>Spir&aelig;a tomentosa</i>) having dense panicles
of minute rose-colored flowers; hardhack.</cd> -- <col><b>Steeple
chase</b></col>, <cd>a race across country between a number of
horsemen, to see which can first reach some distant object, as a
church steeple; hence, a race over a prescribed course obstructed by
such obstacles as one meets in riding across country, as hedges,
walls, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Steeple chaser</b></col>, <cd>one who
rides in a steeple chase; also, a horse trained to run in a steeple
chase.</cd> -- <col><b>Steeple engine</b></col>, <cd>a vertical back-
acting steam engine having the cylinder beneath the crosshead.</cd> --
<col><b>Steeple house</b></col>, <cd>a church.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stee"ple*chas`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of riding steeple chases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stee"ple-crowned`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Bearing a steeple; as, a <i>steeple-
crowned</i> building.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a crown shaped like a steeple; as, a
<i>steeple-crowned</i> hat; also, wearing a hat with such a
crown.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This grave, beared, sable-cloaked, and <i>steeple-
crowned</i> progenitor.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stee"pled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with,
or having the form of, a steeple; adorned with steeples.</def>
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steep"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a steep
manner; with steepness; with precipitous declivity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steep"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Quality or state of being steep; precipitous declivity; as, the
<i>steepness</i>of a hill or a roof.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Height; loftiness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steep"-up`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lofty and
precipitous.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Her stand she takes upon a <i>steep-up</i>
hill.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steep"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Steep;
precipitous.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>No more, my goats, shall I belong you climb<BR>
The <i>steepy</i> cliffs, or crop the flow'ry thyme.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>steer</i>, AS.
<i>ste&oacute;r</i>; akin to D. & G. <i>stier</i> a bull, OHG.
<i>stior</i>, Icel. <i>stj&omacr;rr</i>, <i>&?;j&omacr;rr</i>, Sw.
<i>tjur</i>, Dan. <i>tyr</i>, Goth. <i>stiur</i>, Russ. <i>tur'</i>,
Pol. <i>tur</i>, Ir. & Gael. <i>tarbh</i>, W. <i>tarw</i>, L.
<i>taurus</i>, Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>sth&?;ra</i> strong, stout, AS.
<i>stor</i> large, Icel. <i>st&omacr;rr</i>, OHG. <i>st&?;ri</i>,
<i>stiuri</i>. &radic;168.  Cf. <u>Stirk</u>, <u>Taurine</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A young male of the ox kind; especially, a
common ox; a castrated taurine male from two to four years old. See
the Note under <u>Ox</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steer</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To castrate; -- said
of male calves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steer</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Steered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Steering</u>.] [OE. <i>steeren</i>, <i>steren</i>, AS.
<i>sti&eacute;ran</i>, <i>st&?;ran</i>, <i>ste&oacute;ran</i>; akin to
OFries. <i>stiora</i>, <i>stiura</i>, D. <i>sturen</i>, OD.
<i>stieren</i>, G. <i>steuren</i>, OHG. <i>stiuren</i> to direct,
support, G. <i>steuer</i> contribution, tax, Icel. <i>st&?;ra</i> to
steer, govern,Sw. <i>styra</i>, Dan. <i>styre</i>, Goth.
<i>stiurjan</i> to establish, AS. <i>ste&oacute;r</i> a rudder, a
helm, and probably to Icel. <i>staurr</i> a pale, stake, Gr. &?;, and
perhaps ultimately to E. <i>stand</i>. &radic;168.  Cf.
<u>Starboard</u>, <u>Stern</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To direct
the course of; to guide; to govern; -- applied especially to a vessel
in the water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That with a staff his feeble steps did
<i>steer</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steer</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
direct a vessel in its course; to direct one's course.</def> "No
helmsman <i>steers</i>."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be directed and governed; to take a
direction, or course; to obey the helm; as, the boat <i>steers</i>
easily.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where the wind<BR>
Veers oft, as oft [a ship] so <i>steers</i>, and shifts her
sail.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To conduct one's self; to take or pursue a
course of action.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>ste&oacute;r</i>,
<i>sti&oacute;r</i>; akin to D. <i>stuur</i>, G. <i>steuer</i>, Icel.
<i>st&?;ri</i>. &radic;186. See <u>Steer</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
[Written also <i>stere</i>.] <def>A rudder or helm.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>ste&oacute;ra</i>. See
<u>Steer</u> a rudder.] <def>A helmsman, a pilot.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steer"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being steered; dirigible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steer"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or practice of steering, or directing; as, the
<i>steerage</i> of a ship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He left the city, and, in a most tempestuous season,
forsook the helm and <i>steerage</i> of the common
wealth.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
effect of the helm on a ship; the manner in which an individual ship
is affected by the helm.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The hinder
part of a vessel; the stern.</def> [R.] <i>Swift.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Properly, the space in the after part of a
vessel, under the cabin, but used generally to indicate any part of a
vessel having the poorest accommodations and occupied by passengers
paying the lowest rate of fare.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Direction; regulation; management;
guidance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that hath the <i>steerage</i> of my
course.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That by which a course is directed.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Here he hung on high,<BR>
The <i>steerage</i> of his wings.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Steerage passenger</b></col>, <cd>a passenger who takes
passage in the steerage of a vessel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Steer"age*way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A rate of motion through the water sufficient to render a vessel
governable by the helm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steer"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who steers;
as, a boat <i>steerer</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steer"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Steer</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Steering wheel</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the wheel by
means of which the rudder of a vessel is turned and the vessel is
steered.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Steer"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
rudder.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steer"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A young or small
steer.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1410 !></p>

<p><hw>Steers"man</hw> (st&emacr;rz"m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Steersmen</b></plw> (-m<i>e</i>n). [<i>Steer</i> a
rudder + <i>man</i>: cf. AS. <i>ste&oacute;rmann</i>.] <def>One who
steers; the helmsman of a vessel.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steers"mate</hw> (-m&amacr;t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Steer</i> a rudder + <i>mate</i> a companion.] <def>One who
steers; steersman.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steeve</hw> (st&emacr;v), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Steeved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Steeving</u>.] [Cf. OD. <i>steve</i> staff, E.
<i>stem</i>, n.] <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>To project upward, or make
an angle with the horizon or with the line of a vessel's keel; -- said
of the bowsprit, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steeve</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>To elevate or fix at an angle with the
horizon; -- said of the bowsprit, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stow, as bales in a vessel's hold, by
means of a steeve. See <u>Steeve</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steeve</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The angle which a bowsprit makes with the
horizon, or with the line of the vessel's keel; -- called also
<i>steeving</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A spar, with a block
at one end, used in stowing cotton bales, and similar kinds of cargo
which need to be packed tightly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steev"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or practice of one who steeves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See <u>Steeve</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steg</hw> (st&ebreve;g), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>steggr</i> the male of several animals.  Cf. <u>Stag</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A gander.</def> [Written also <i>stag</i>.]
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steg`a*nog"ra*phist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
skilled in steganography; a cryptographer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steg`a*nog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
covered (fr. &?; to cover closely) + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>The art of
writing in cipher, or in characters which are not intelligible except
to persons who have the key; cryptography.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Steg`a*noph*thal"ma*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., from Gr. &?; covered + &?; the eye.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The Discophora, or Phanerocarp&aelig;. Called also
<i>Steganophthalmia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste*gan"o*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Steganopodes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Steg`a*nop"o*des</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;, &?;, web-footed; &?; covered + &?; foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A division of swimming birds in which all four toes are united by
a broad web. It includes the pelicans, cormorants, gannets, and
others.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steg`a*nop"o*dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having all four toes webbed
together.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Steg*no"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;.
See <u>Stegnotic</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Constipation; also,
constriction of the vessels or ducts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steg*no"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
cover, to make costive, fr. &?;, &?;, covered, closed.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Tending to render costive, or to diminish excretions or
discharges generally.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stegnotic
medicine; an astringent.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Steg`o*ceph"a*la</hw>
(st&ebreve;g`&osl;*s&ecf;f"&adot;*l&adot;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>ste`gh</grk> roof + <grk>kefalh`</grk> head.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct order of amphibians found fossil in
the Mesozoic rocks; called also <i>Stegocephali</i>, and
<i>Labyrinthodonta</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Their teeth, in transverse sections, usually show a
labyrinthiform arrangement of the cement and dentine.  The under side
of the body was covered with bony plates.  Some of the Stegocephala
were of very large size, and the form of the body varied from short,
stout forms to others that were as slender as serpents.</p>

<p><hw>||Steg`o*sau"ri*a</hw> (-s&add;"r&ibreve;*&adot;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Stegosaurus</u>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An
extinct order of herbivorous dinosaurs, including the genera
<i>Stegosaurus</i>, <i>Omosaurus</i>, and their allies.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Steg`o*sau"rus</hw> (-r&ubreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>ste`gh</grk> roof + <grk>say^ros</grk> a lizard.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of large Jurassic dinosaurs remarkable
for a powerful dermal armature of plates and spines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steik</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Steek</u>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Stein</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. & v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Steen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stein"bock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>stein</i>
stone + <i>bock</i> buck, D. <i>bok</i>.  Cf. <u>Steenbok</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The European ibex.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A small South African antelope (<i>Nanotragus
tragulus</i>) which frequents dry, rocky districts; -- called also
<i>steenbok</i>.</def> [Written also <i>steinboc</i>, and
<i>steinbok</i>; also called <i>stonebock</i>, and
<i>stonebuck</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Stein"gale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
stannel.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stein"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Steening</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stein"kirk`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Steenkirk</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stein"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
wheater.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ste"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stel&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., from Gr. &?; a post, an
upright stone.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>A small column or pillar,
used as a monument, milestone, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ste"le</hw> (st&emacr;"l&emacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<def>Same as <u>Stela</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One of these <i>steles</i>, containing the Greek
version of the ordinance, has recently been discovered.</blockquote>
<i>I. Taylor (The Alphabet).</i></p>

<p><hw>Stele</hw> (st&emacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Stale</u>
a handle.] <def>A stale, or handle; a stalk.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ste"lene</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Stela</u>.]
<def>Resembling, or used as, a stela; columnar.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Stell</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>stellan</i>.
&radic;163.] <def>To place or fix firmly or permanently.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stell</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Stell</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A prop; a support, as for the
feet in standing or cilmbing.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A partial inclosure made by a wall or
trees, to serve as a shelter for sheep or cattle.</def> [Prov. Eng. &
Scot.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Stel"lar</hw> (?), <hw>Stel"la*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stellaris</i>, fr. <i>stella</i> a star.
See <u>Star</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to stars;
astral; as, a <i>stellar</i> figure; <i>stellary</i> orbs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[These soft fires] in part shed down<BR>
Their <i>stellar</i> virtue.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Full of stars; starry; as, <i>stellar</i>
regions.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stel"late</hw> (?), <hw>Stel"la*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stellatus</i>, p. p. of <i>stellare</i> to
set or cover with stars, from <i>stella</i> a star. See
<u>Stellar</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Resembling a star; pointed or
radiated, like the emblem of a star.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Starlike; having similar
parts radiating from a common center; as, <i>stellate</i>
flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stel*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Radiation of
light.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stelled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Stell</u> to
place.] <def>Firmly placed or fixed.</def> [Obs.] "The <i>stelled</i>
fires" [the stars]. <i>Shak.</i> [In this passage by some defined as
"starry," as if from <i>stellatus</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Stel"ler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [After Geo. W.
<i>Steller</i>, a German naturalist.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>The
rytina; -- called also <i>stellerine</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stel"ler*id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stella</i> a
star.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A starfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stel*ler"i*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive group of echinoderms, comprising
the starfishes and ophiurans.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stel*ler"i*dan</hw> (?), <hw>Stel`ler*id"e*an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A starfish, or brittle
star.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stel*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stellifer</i>; <i>stella</i> star + <i>ferre</i> to bear.]
<def>Having, or abounding with, stars.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stel"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stella</i> a
star + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Like a star; star-shaped;
radiated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stel"li*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>stella</i>
a star + <i>-fy</i>.] <def>To turn into a star; to cause to appear
like a star; to place among the stars, or in heaven.</def> [Obs. or
R.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stel"lion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stellio</i> a
newt having starlike spots on its back, fr. <i>stella</i> a star.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A lizard (<i>Stellio vulgaris</i>), common
about the Eastern Mediterranean among ruins. In color it is olive-
green, shaded with black, with small stellate spots. Called also
<i>hardim</i>, and <i>star lizard</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stel"lion*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stellionatus</i> cozenage, trickery, fr. <i>stellio</i> a newt, a
crafty, knavish person.] <i>(Scots & Roman Law)</i> <def>Any fraud not
distinguished by a more special name; -- chiefly applied to sales of
the same property to two different persons, or selling that for one's
own which belongs to another, etc.</def>  <i>Erskine.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stel"lu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stellula</i>,
dim. of <i>stella</i> a star.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the
shape or appearance of little stars; radiated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Marked with starlike spots of
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stel"lu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Minutely stellate.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stel`ma*top"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; a block, post + &?;, &?;, eye + &?;, &?;, foot.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Gymnol&aelig;mata</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste*log"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a post,
slab, pillar + <i>-graphy</i>: cf. Gr. &?; an inscription on a
tablet.] <def>The art of writing or inscribing characters on
pillars.</def> [R.]  <i>Stackhouse.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stem</hw> (?), <hw>Steem</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<def>To gleam.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His head bald, that shone as any glass, . . . <BR>
[And] <i>stemed</i> as a furnace of a leed [caldron].</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stem</hw>, <hw>Steem</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
gleam of light; flame.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stem</hw> (st&ebreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>stemn</i>, <i>stefn</i>, <i>st&aelig;fn</i>; akin to OS.
<i>stamn</i> the stem of a ship, D. <i>stam</i> stem, <i>steven</i>
stem of a ship, G. <i>stamm</i> stem, <i>steven</i> stem of a ship,
Icel. <i>stafn</i>, <i>stamn</i>, stem of a ship, <i>stofn</i>,
<i>stomn</i>, stem, Sw. <i>stam</i> a tree trunk, Dan. <i>stamme</i>.
Cf. <u>Staff</u>, <u>Stand</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The principal
body of a tree, shrub, or plant, of any kind; the main stock; the part
which supports the branches or the head or top.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After they are shot up thirty feet in length, they
spread a very large top, having no bough nor twig in the trunk or the
<i>stem</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The lowering spring, with lavish rain,<BR>
Beats down the slender <i>stem</i> and breaded grain.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A little branch which connects a fruit,
flower, or leaf with a main branch; a peduncle, pedicel, or petiole;
as, the <i>stem</i> of an apple or a cherry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The stock of a family; a race or generation
of progenitors.</def> "All that are of noble <i>stem</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>While I do pray, learn here thy <i>stem</i><BR>
And true descent.</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A branch of a family.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is a <i>stem</i><BR>
Of that victorious stock.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A curved piece of timber to
which the two sides of a ship are united at the fore end. The lower
end of it is scarfed to the keel, and the bowsprit rests upon its
upper end. Hence, the forward part of a vessel; the bow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: An advanced or leading position; the
lookout.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wolsey sat at the <i>stem</i> more than twenty
years.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Anything resembling a stem or stalk; as,
the <i>stem</i> of a tobacco pipe; the <i>stem</i> of a watch case, or
that part to which the ring, by which it is suspended, is
attached.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>That part of a plant which
bears leaves, or rudiments of leaves, whether rising above ground or
wholly subterranean.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
entire central axis of a feather.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
basal portion of the body of one of the Pennatulacea, or of a
gorgonian.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The short perpendicular line
added to the body of a note; the tail of a crotchet, quaver,
semiquaver, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The part of an inflected
word which remains unchanged (except by euphonic variations)
throughout a given inflection; theme; base.</def></p>

<p><col><b>From stem to stern</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>from one
end of the ship to the other, or through the whole length.</cd> --
<col><b>Stem leaf</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a leaf growing from the
stem of a plant, as contrasted with a basal or radical leaf.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stem</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
remove the stem or stems from; as, to <i>stem</i> cherries; to remove
the stem and its appendages (ribs and veins) from; as, to <i>stem</i>
tobacco leaves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To ram, as clay, into a blasting
hole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stem</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stemmed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stemming</u>.] [Either from <i>stem</i>, n., or akin to
<i>stammer</i>; cf. G. <i>stemmen</i> to press against.] <def>To
oppose or cut with, or as with, the stem of a vessel; to resist, or
make progress against; to stop or check the flow of, as a
current.</def> "An argosy to <i>stem</i> the waves."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] <i>stem</i> the flood with their erected
breasts.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Stemmed</i> the wild torrent of a barbarous
age.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stem</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To move forward against
an obstacle, as a vessel against a current.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Stemming</i> nightly toward the pole.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stem"-clasp`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Embracing the stem with its base; amplexicaul, as a leaf or
petiole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stem"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no stem;
<i>(Bot.)</i> acaulescent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stem"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small or young
stem.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stem"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stemmata</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, pl. &?;, a garland
or chaplet.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the
ocelli of an insect. See <u>Ocellus</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>One of the facets of a compound eye of any arthropod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stem"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, stems (in any of the senses of the verbs).</def></p>

<p><hw>Stem"mer*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A large building
in which tobacco is stemmed.</def> [U. S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stem"my</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding in stems,
or mixed with stems; -- said of tea, dried currants, etc.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Stem"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>stempel</i> a
stamp, a prop, akin to E. <i>stamp</i>.] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A
crossbar of wood in a shaft, serving as a step.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stem"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Stem</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and <u>Keelson</u>, and cf. <u>Sternson</u>.]
<i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>A piece of curved timber bolted to the
stem, keelson, and apron in a ship's frame near the bow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stem"-wind`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stem-
winding watch.</def> [Colloq.]
</p>

<p><hw>Stem"-wind`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wound by
mechanism connected with the stem; as, a <i>stem-winding</i>
watch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stench</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To stanch.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stench</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>stenc</i> a strong
smell, fr. <i>stincan</i>. See <u>Stink</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A smell; an odor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Clouds of savory <i>stench</i> involve the
sky.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An ill smell; an offensive odor; a
stink.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Stench trap</b></col>, <cd>a contrivance to prevent stench
or foul air from rising from the openings of sewers, drains,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stench</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>stencan</i> to
emit a smell, fr. <i>stincan</i> to smell. See <u>Stench</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To cause to emit a disagreeable odor; to
cause to stink.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stench"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
stench.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dyer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sten"cil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably from OF.
<i>estincelle</i> spangle, spark, F. <i>&eacute;tincelle</i> spark, L.
<i>scintilla</i>. See <u>Scintillate</u>, and cf. <u>Tinsel</u>.]
<def>A thin plate of metal, leather, or other material, used in
painting, marking, etc. The pattern is cut out of the plate, which is
then laid flat on the surface to be marked, and the color brushed over
it. Called also <i>stencil plate</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sten"cil</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stenciled</u> (?) or <u>Stencilled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Stenciling</u> or <u>Stencilling</u>.] <def>To
mark, paint, or color in figures with stencils; to form or print by
means of a stencil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sten"cil*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who paints
or colors in figures by means of stencil.</def> [Written also
<i>stenciller</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sten"o*derm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>steno`s</grk> narrow, little + <i>-derm</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of bat belonging to the genus <i>Stenoderma</i>,
native of the West Indies and South America. These bats have a short
or rudimentary tail and a peculiarly shaped nose membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sten`o*der"mine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the genus
<i>Stenoderma</i>, which includes several West Indian and South
American nose-leaf bats.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sten"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Stenographed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Stenographing</u> (?).] <def>To write or report in
stenographic characters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sten"o*graph</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A production of
stenography; anything written in shorthand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I saw the reporters' room, in which they redact their
hasty <i>stenographs</i>.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ste*nog"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
skilled in stenography; a writer of shorthand.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sten`o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sten`o*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>st&eacute;nographique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to stenography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste*nog"ra*phist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
stenographer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste*nog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>steno`s</grk> narrow, close + <i>graphy</i>: cf. F.
<i>st&eacute;nographie</i>, G. <i>stenographie</i>.] <def>The art of
writing in shorthand, by using abbreviations or characters for whole
words; shorthand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste*noph"yl*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>steno`s</grk> narrow + <grk>fy`llon</grk> leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having narrow leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ste*no"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>steno`s</grk> narrow.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A narrowing of the
opening or hollow of any passage, tube, or orifice; as,
<i>stenosis</i> of the pylorus. It differs from <i>stricture</i> in
being applied especially to diffused rather than localized
contractions, and in always indicating an origin organic and not
spasmodic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sten"o*stome</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>steno`s</grk> narrow, little + <grk>sto`ma</grk> mouth.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a small or narrow mouth; -- said of
certain small ground snakes (<i>Opoterodonta</i>), which are unable to
dilate their jaws.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stent</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Obs.
imp.</i></pos> <u>Stente</u> (?); <pos><i>obs. p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Stent</u>.] [See <u>Stint</u>.] <def>To keep within limits; to
restrain; to cause to stop, or cease; to stint.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then would he weep, he might not be
<i>stent</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet n'ould she <i>stent</i><BR>
Her bitter railing and foul revilement.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stent</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To stint; to stop; to
cease.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And of this cry they would never
<i>stenten</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An allotted portion; a
stint.</def> "Attain'd his journey's <i>stent</i>."  <i>Mir. for
Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stent"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An opening in a wall
in a coal mine.</def> [Written also <i>stenton</i>.] [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sten"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Stentor</i>, Gr.
&?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A herald, in the Iliad, who had a very
loud voice; hence, any person having a powerful voice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of ciliated
Infusoria belonging to the genus <i>Stentor</i> and allied genera,
common in fresh water. The stentors have a bell-shaped, or cornucopia-
like, body with a circle of cilia around the spiral terminal disk. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Heterotricha</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A howling monkey, or
howler.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1411 !></p>

<p><hw>Sten*to"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stentoreus</i>; cf. Gr. &?;.] <def>Of or pertaining to a stentor;
extremely loud; powerful; as, a <i>stentorian</i> voice;
<i>stentorian</i> lungs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sten"to*rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A blue coloring matter found in some stentors. See
<u>Stentor</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sten*to"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Stentorian.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sten`to*ron"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Stentorian.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sten`to*ro*phon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
Stentor + &?; a sound, voice. See <u>Stentor</u>.] <def>Speaking or
sounding very loud; stentorian.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Of this <i>stentorophonic</i> horn of Alexander there
is a preserved in the Vatican.</blockquote> <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Step</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stepped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stepping</u>.] [AS. <i>st&aelig;ppan</i>; akin to OFries.
<i>steppa</i>, D. <i>stappen</i> to step, <i>stap</i> a step, OHG.
<i>stepfen</i> to step, G. <i>stapfe</i> a footstep, OHG.
<i>stapfo</i>, G. <i>stufe</i> a step to step on; cf. Gr. &?; to shake
about, handle roughly, stamp (?).  Cf. <u>Stamp</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> & <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To move the foot in walking; to advance or recede by raising and
moving one of the feet to another resting place, or by moving both
feet in succession.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To walk; to go on foot; esp., to walk a
little distance; as, to <i>step</i> to one of the neighbors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To walk slowly, gravely, or
resolutely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Home the swain retreats,<BR>
His flock before him <i>stepping</i> to the fold.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To move mentally; to go in
imagination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They are <i>stepping</i> almost three thousand years
back into the remotest antiquity.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To step aside</b></col>, <cd>to walk a little distance from
the rest; to retire from company.</cd> -- <col><b>To step
forth</b></col>, <cd>to move or come forth.</cd> -- <col><b>To
step</b></col> <col><b>in or into</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To walk or advance into a place or state, or to advance suddenly
in.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Whosoever then first, after the troubling of the water,
<i>stepped in</i>, was made whole of whatsoever disease he
had.</blockquote> <i>John v. 4.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To enter for a short time; as, I just
<i>stepped into</i> the house.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To obtain
possession without trouble; to enter upon easily or suddenly; as,
<i>to step into</i> an estate</cd>. -- <col><b>To step out</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>To increase the length, but not
the rapidity, of the step, extending it to thirty-tree inches.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To go out for a short distance or a short
time</cd>. -- <col><b>To step short</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>to
diminish the length or rapidity of the step according to the
established rules.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Step</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
set, as the foot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To fix the foot of (a mast)
in its step; to erect.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To step off</b></col>, <cd>to measure by steps, or paces;
hence, to divide, as a space, or to form a series of marks, by
successive measurements, as with dividers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Step</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>st&aelig;pe</i>. See
<u>Step</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
advance or movement made by one removal of the foot; a pace.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rest, or one of a set of rests, for the
foot in ascending or descending, as a stair, or a round of a
ladder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The breadth of every single <i>step</i> or stair should
be never less than one foot.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The space passed over by one movement of
the foot in walking or running; as, one <i>step</i> is generally about
three feet, but may be more or less. Used also figuratively of any
kind of progress; as, he improved <i>step</i> by <i>step</i>, or by
<i>steps</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To derive two or three general principles of motion
from phenomena, and afterwards to tell us how the properties and
actions of all corporeal things follow from those manifest principles,
would be a very great <i>step</i> in philosophy.</blockquote> <i>Sir
I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A small space or distance; as, it is but a
<i>step</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A print of the foot; a footstep; a
footprint; track.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Gait; manner of walking; as, the approach
of a man is often known by his <i>step</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding; measure; action; an
act.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The reputation of a man depends on the first
<i>steps</i> he makes in the world.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Beware of desperate <i>steps</i>. The darkest day,<BR>
Live till to-morrow, will have passed away.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have lately taken <i>steps</i> . . . to relieve the
old gentleman's distresses.</blockquote> <i>G. W. Cable.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Walk; passage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Conduct my <i>steps</i> to find the fatal
tree.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A portable framework of stairs,
much used indoors in reaching to a high position.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>In general, a framing in
wood or iron which is intended to receive an upright shaft; specif., a
block of wood, or a solid platform upon the keelson, supporting the
heel of the mast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of
a series of offsets, or parts, resembling the steps of stairs, as one
of the series of parts of a cone pulley on which the belt runs.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A bearing in which the lower extremity of a
spindle or a vertical shaft revolves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The intervak between two
contiguous degrees of the csale.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The word <i>tone</i> is often used as the name of this
interval; but there is evident incongruity in using <i>tone</i> for
indicating the interval between tones. As the word <i>scale</i> is
derived from the Italian <i>scala</i>, a ladder, the intervals may
well be called <i>steps</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>(Kinematics)</i> <def>A change of position
effected by a motion of translation.</def>  <i>W. K. Clifford.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Back step</b></col>, <col><b>Half step</b></col>, <cd>etc.
See under <u>Back</u>, <u>Half</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Step
grate</b></col>, <cd>a form of grate for holding fuel, in which the
bars rise above one another in the manner of steps.</cd> -- <col><b>To
take steps</b></col>, <cd>to take action; to move in a
matter.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Step-</hw>. [AS. <i>ste&oacute;p-</i>; akin to OFries.
<i>stiap-</i>, <i>stiep-</i>, D. & G. <i>stief-</i>, OHG. <i>stiuf-
</i>, Icel. <i>stj&?;p-</i>, Sw. <i>styf-</i>, and to AS.
<i>&amacr;st&emacr;pan</i>, <i>&amacr;ste&oacute;pan</i>, to deprive,
bereave, as children of their parents, OHG. <i>stiufen</i>.] <def>A
prefix used before <i>father</i>, <i>mother</i>, <i>brother</i>,
<i>sister</i>, <i>son</i>, <i>daughter</i>, <i>child</i>, etc., to
indicate that the person thus spoken of is not a blood relative, but
is a relative by the marriage of a parent; as, a <i>step</i>mother to
X is the wife of the father of X, married by him after the death of
the mother of X. See <u>Stepchild</u>, <u>Stepdaughter</u>,
<u>Stepson</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Step"broth`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A brother by
the marriage of one's father with the mother of another, or of one's
mother with the father of another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Step"child`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>ste&oacute;pcild</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bereaved child;
one who has lost father or mother.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A son or daughter of one's wife or husband
by a former marriage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Step"dame`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
stepmother.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Step"daugh`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>ste&oacute;pdohtor</i>.] <def>A daughter of one's wife or husband
by a former marriage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Step"fa`ther</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>ste&oacute;pf&aelig;der</i>.] <def>The husband of one's mother by a
subsequent marriage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste*pha"ni*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;
a crown.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The point on the side of the skull where
the temporal line, or upper edge of the temporal fossa, crosses the
coronal suture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steph"an*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named after the
Archduke <i>Stephan</i>, mining director of Austria.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A sulphide of antimony and silver of an iron-black color and
metallic luster; called also <i>black silver</i>, and <i>brittle
silver ore</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Steph`a*no"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; fit for a crown, fr. &?; crown.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of climbing asclepiadaceous shrubs, of Madagascar,
Malaya, etc. They have fleshy or coriaceous opposite leaves, and large
white waxy flowers in cymes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A perfume said to be prepared from the
flowers of <i>Stephanotis floribunda</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Step"lad`der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A portable set
of steps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Step"moth`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>ste&oacute;pm&omacr;der</i>.] <def>The wife of one's father by a
subsequent marriage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Step"par`ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Stepfather or
stepmother.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steppe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Russ. <i>stepe</i>,
through G. or F. <i>steppe</i>.] <def>One of the vast plains in
Southeastern Europe and in Asia, generally elevated, and free from
wood, analogous to many of the prairies in Western North America. See
<u>Savanna</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Steppe murrain</b></col>. <i>(Far.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Rinderpest</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stepped</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Provided with a
step or steps; having a series of offsets or parts resembling the
steps of stairs; as, a <i>stepped</i> key.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stepped gear</b></col>, <cd>a cogwheel of which the teeth
cross the face in a series of steps.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Step"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, steps; as, a quick <i>stepper</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Step"ping-stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stone to raise the feet above the surface of
water or mud in walking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A means of progress or
advancement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These obstacles his genius had turned into <i>stepping-
stones</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That men may rise on <i>stepping-stones</i><BR>
Of their dead selves to higher things.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Step"sis`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A daughter of
one's stepfather or stepmother by a former marriage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Step"son`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>ste&oacute;psunu</i>.] <def>A son of one's husband or wife by a
former marriage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Step"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stone laid
before a door as a stair to rise on in entering the house.</def></p>

<p><hw>-ster</hw> (?). [OE. & AS. <i>-estre</i>, <i>-istre</i>.]
<def>A suffix denoting <i>the agent</i> (originally a woman),
especially a person who does something <i>with skill</i> or <i>as an
occupation</i>; as in spin<i>ster</i> (originally, a woman who spins),
song<i>ster</i>, ba<i>xter</i> (= bake<i>ster</i>),
young<i>ster</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Brewing, baking, and weaving were formerly feminine labors,
and consequently <i>brewster</i>, <i>baxter</i>, and <i>webster</i>
meant, originally, the woman (not the man) who brews, bakes, or
weaves. When men began to perform these duties the feminine
appellations were retained.</p>

<p><hw>Ster`co*bi"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stercus</i> dung + E. <i>bilin</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A
coloring matter found in the f&aelig;ces, a product of the alteration
of the bile pigments in the intestinal canal, -- identical with
<i>hydrobilirubin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster"co*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stercus</i>
dung + <i>ol</i>eum oil.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Serolin</u> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster`co*ra"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stercus</i>, <i>-oris</i>, dung.] <def>Of or pertaining to dung;
partaking of the nature of, or containing, dung.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster"co*ra*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>The doctrine or belief of the Stercoranists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster"co*ra*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>stercoranista</i>, fr. L. <i>stercus</i>, <i>-oris</i>, dung.]
<i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>A nickname formerly given to those who held,
or were alleged to hold, that the consecrated elements in the
eucharist undergo the process of digestion in the body of the
recipient.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster`co*ra"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
Stercoranist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster"co*ra*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>stercorarium</i>, from L. <i>stercorarius</i> belonging to dung.]
<def>A place, properly secured from the weather, for containing
dung.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster"co*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Excrement;
dung.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ster`co*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stercoratio</i>, from <i>stercorare</i> to dung.] <def>Manuring
with dung.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ster*co"ri*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>The doctrine or belief of the Stercoranists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster"co*rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stercus</i>,
<i>-oris</i>, dung.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Serolin</u> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster"co*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Excrement;
dung.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ster*cu`li*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>Sterculia</i>, the typical genus, fr. L. <i>Sterculius</i> the
deity that presided over manuring, from <i>stercus</i> dung. So called
because one of the original species is fetid.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to a natural order (<i>Sterculiace&aelig;</i>) of
polypetalous exogenous plants, mostly tropical. The cacao
(<i>Theobroma Cacao</i>) is the most useful plant of the
order.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>st&egrave;re</i>,
fr. Gr. &?; solid.] <def>A unit of cubic measure in the metric system,
being a cubic meter, or kiloliter, and equal to 35.3 cubic feet, or
nearly 1&frac13; cubic yards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stere</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos> <def>To
stir.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stere</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rudder. See 5th
<u>Steer</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stere</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Helmsman. See 6th
<u>Steer</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ster`el*min"tha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>stereo`s</grk> solid + &?; a worm.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Platyelminthes</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"re*o-</hw> (?). [Gr. <grk>stereo`s</grk> solid. See
<u>Stare</u> to gaze.] <def>A combining form meaning <i>solid</i>,
<i>hard</i>, <i>firm</i>, as in <i>stereo</i>-chemistry,
<i>stereo</i>graphy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"re*o*bate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>stereo`s</grk> solid + &?; that treads or covers, akin to &?;
base; cf. F. <i>st&eacute;r&eacute;obate</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The
lower part or basement of a building or pedestal; -- used loosely for
several different forms of basement.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ste`re*o-chem"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ste`re*o-chem"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
illustrating, the hypothetical space relations of atoms in the
molecule; as, a <i>stereo-chemic</i> formula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*o-chem"is*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stereo-
</i> + <i>chemistry</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Chemistry considered
with reference to the space relations of atoms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"re*o*chrome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Stereochromic picture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*o*chro"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to the art of stereochromy; produced by
stereochromy.</def> -- <wf>Ste`re*o*chro"mic*al*ly</wf> (#),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*och"ro*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stereo-</i>
+ Gr. <grk>chrw^ma</grk> color.] <def>A style of painting on plastered
walls or stone, in which the colors are rendered permanent by
sprinklings of water, in which is mixed a proportion of soluble glass
(a silicate of soda).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*o*e*lec"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Stereo-
</i> + <i>electric</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
generation of electricity by means of solid bodies alone; as, a
<i>stereoelectric</i> current is one obtained by means of solids,
without any liquid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"re*o*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stereo-</i> +
<i>-gram</i>.] <def>A diagram or picture which represents objects in
such a way as to give the impression of relief or solidity; also, a
stereograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"re*o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stereo-</i> +
<i>-graph</i>.] <def>Any picture, or pair of pictures, prepared for
exhibition in the stereoscope. Stereographs are now commonly made by
means of photography.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ste`re*o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ste`re*o*graph"ic*al</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>st&eacute;r&eacute;ographique</i>.] <def>Made or done according to
the rules of stereography; delineated on a plane; as, a
<i>stereographic</i> chart of the earth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stereographic projection</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a
method of representing the sphere in which the center of projection is
taken in the surface of the sphere, and the plane upon which the
projection is made is at right andles to the diameter passing through
the center of projection.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*o*graph"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
stereographical manner; by delineation on a plane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stereo-</i>
+ <i>graphy</i>: cf. F. <i>st&eacute;r&eacute;ographie</i>.] <def>The
art of delineating the forms of solid bodies on a plane; a branch of
solid geometry which shows the construction of all solids which are
regularly defined.</def></p>

<p>&fist; By cutting pieces of cardboard, or other suitable material,
in the forms represented in the cut, folding them along the lines
indicated, and joining their edges, the five regular solids may be
formed.</p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*om"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stereo-</i>
+ <i>meter</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
instrument for measuring the solid contents of a body, or the capacity
of a vessel; a volumenometer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for determining the specific
gravity of liquid bodies, porous bodies, and powders, as well as
solids.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ste`re*o*met"ric</hw> (?), <hw>Ste`re*o*met"ric*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>st&eacute;r&eacute;om&eacute;trique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
stereometry; performed or obtained by stereometry.</def> --
<wf>Ste`re*o*met"ric*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*om"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stereo-</i>
+ <i>-metry</i>: cf. F. <i>st&eacute;r&eacute;om&eacute;trie</i>.]
<def>The art of measuring and computing the cubical contents of bodies
and figures; -- distinguished from <i>planimetry</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*o*mon"o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stereo-
</i> + <i>mono-</i> + <i>-scope</i>.] <def>An instrument with two
lenses, by which an image of a single picture projected upon a screen
of ground glass is made to present an appearance of relief, and may be
viewed by several persons at once.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"re*o*plasm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stereo-</i> +
Gr. &?; anything formed or molded.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The solid or
insoluble portion of the cell protoplasm. See
<u>Hygroplasm</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*op"ti*con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Stereo-</u>, and <u>Optic</u>.] <def>An instrument, consisting
essentially of a magic lantern in which photographic pictures are
used, by which the image of a landscape, or any object, may be thrown
upon a screen in such a manner as to seem to stand out in relief, so
as to form a striking and accurate representation of the object
itself; also, a pair of magic lanterns for producing the effect of
dissolving views.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"re*o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stereo-</i> +
<i>-scope</i>.] <def>An optical instrument for giving to pictures the
appearance of solid forms, as seen in nature. It combines in one,
through a bending of the rays of light, two pictures, taken for the
purpose from points of view a little way apart. It is furnished with
two eyeglasses, and by refraction or reflection the pictures are
superimposed, so as to appear as one to the observer.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the <i>reflecting stereoscope</i>, the rays from the two
pictures are turned into the proper direction for stereoscopic vision
by two plane mirrors set at an angle with each other, and between the
pictures. In the <i>lenticular stereoscope</i>, the form in general
use, the eyeglasses are semilenses, or marginal portions of the same
convex lenses, set with their edges toward each other, so that they
deflect the rays coming from the picture so as to strike the eyes as
if coming direct from an intermediate point, where the two pictures
are seen apparently as one.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ste`re*o*scop"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ste`re*o*scop"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the stereoscope;
characteristic of, or adapted to, the stereoscope; as, a
<i>stereoscopic</i> effect; the <i>stereoscopic</i> function of the
eyeglasses; <i>stereoscopic</i> views.</def> --
<wf>Ste`re*o*scop"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*os"co*pist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
skilled in the use or construction of stereoscopes.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1412 !></p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*os"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or
science of using the stereoscope, or of constructing the instrument or
the views used with it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*o*stat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Stereo-</i>
+ <i>static</i>.] <i>(Civil. Engin.)</i> <def>Geostatic.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ste`re*o*tom"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ste`re*o*tom"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to stereotomy; performed by
stereotomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*ot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stereo-</i> +
Gr. &?; to cut: cf. F. <i>st&eacute;r&eacute;otomie</i>.] <def>The
science or art of cutting solids into certain figures or sections, as
arches, and the like; especially, the art of stonecutting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"re*o*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stereo-</i> +
<i>-type</i>: cf. F. <i>st&eacute;r&eacute;otype</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A plate forming an exact faximile of a page of
type or of an engraving, used in printing books, etc.; specifically, a
plate with type-metal face, used for printing.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>stereotype</i>, or <i>stereotypr plate</i>, is made by
setting movable type as for ordinary printing; from these a cast is
taken in plaster of Paris, paper pulp, or the like, and upon this cast
melted type metal is poured, which, when hardened, makes a solid page
or column, from which the impression is taken as from type.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The art or process of making such plates,
or of executing work by means of them.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stereotype block</b></col>, <cd>a block, usually of wood,
to which a stereotype plate is attached while being used in
printing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ste"re*o*type</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stereotyped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stereotyping</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>st&eacute;r&eacute;otyper</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To prepare for printing in stereotype; to make
the stereotype plates of; as, to <i>stereotype</i> the
Bible.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To make firm or permanent; to
fix.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Powerful causes tending to <i>stereotype</i> and
aggravate the poverty of old conditions.</blockquote> <i>Duke of
Argyll (1887).</i></p>

<p><hw>Ste"re*o*typed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Formed into, or printed from, stereotype
plates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Formed in a fixed, unchangeable
manner; as, <i>stereotyped</i> opinions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our civilization, with its <i>stereotyped</i> ways and
smooth conventionalities.</blockquote> <i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ste"re*o*ty`per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
stereotypes; one who makes stereotype plates, or works in a stereotype
foundry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"re*o*ty`per*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art, process, or employment of making
stereotype plates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place where stereotype plates are made; a
stereotype foundry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*o*typ"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to stereotype, or stereotype plates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"re*o*ty`pist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
stereotyper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*o*ty*pog"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
stereotype printer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*o*ty*pog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Stereo-</i> + <i>typography</i>.] <def>The act or art of printing
from stereotype plates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"re*o*ty`py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>st&eacute;r&eacute;otypie</i>.] <def>The art or process of making
stereotype plates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster`hy*drau"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Stereo-</i>
+ <i>hydraulic</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or designating, a kind of
hydraulic press; resembling such a press in action or
principle.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sterhydraulic press</b></col>, <cd>an hydraulic press
producing pressure or motion by the introduction of a solid substance
(as a long rod, or a cord wound on a roller) into a cylinder
previously filled with a liquid.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ster"ile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>st&eacute;rile</i>, L. <i>sterilis</i>, akin to Gr.
<grk>stereo`s</grk> stiff, solid, <grk>stei^ros</grk> barren,
<grk>stei^ra</grk> a cow that has not calved, Goth.
<i>stair&omacr;</i>, fem., barren. See <u>Stare</u> to gaze.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Producing little or no crop; barren;
unfruitful; unproductive; not fertile; as, <i>sterile</i> land; a
<i>sterile</i> desert; a <i>sterile</i> year.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Incapable of reproduction; unfitted for reproduction of
offspring; not able to germinate or bear fruit; unfruitful; as, a
<i>sterile</i> flower, which bears only stamens.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Free from reproductive spores or germs; as, a
<i>sterile</i> fluid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Barren of ideas; destitute of
sentiment; as, a <i>sterile</i> production or author.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste*ril"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sterilitas</i>: cf. F. <i>st&eacute;rilit&eacute;</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or condition of being
sterile.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Quality of being sterile;
infecundity; also, the state of being free from germs or
spores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster`il*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>The act or process of sterilizing, or rendering sterile; also,
the state of being sterile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster"il*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sterilized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sterilizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F.
<i>st&eacute;riliser</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make sterile or
unproductive; to impoverish, as land; to exhaust of fertility.</def>
[R.] "<i>Sterilizing</i> the earth."  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To
deprive of the power of reproducing; to render incapable of
germination or fecundation; to make sterile.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>To destroy all spores or germs in (an organic fluid or mixture),
as by heat, so as to prevent the development of bacterial or other
organisms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ.
<i>sterliade</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small sturgeon
(<i>Acipenser ruthenus</i>) found in the Caspian Sea and its rivers,
and highly esteemed for its flavor. The finest caviare is made from
its roe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Engin.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Starling</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster"ling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sterlynge</i>,
<i>starling</i>, for <i>easterling</i>, LL. <i>esterlingus</i>,
probably from <i>Easterling</i>, once the popular name of German
trades in England, whose money was of the purest quality: cf. MHG.
<i>sterlink</i> a certain coin.  Cf. <u>East</u>. "Certain merchants
of Norwaie, Denmarke, and of others those parties, called Ostomanni,
or (as in our vulgar language we tearme them), <i>easterlings</i>,
because they lie <i>east</i> in respect of us." <i>Holinshed.</i> "In
the time of . . . King Richard the First, monie coined in the east
parts of Germanie began to be of especiall request in England for the
puritie thereof, and was called <i>Easterling</i> monie, as all
inhabitants of those parts were called <i>Easterlings</i>, and shortly
after some of that countrie, skillful in mint matters and allaies,
were sent for into this realme to bring the coine to perfection; which
since that time was called of them <i>sterling</i>, for
<i>Easterling</i>." <i>Camden.</i> "Four thousand pound of
<i>sterlings</i>." <i>R. of Gloucester.</i>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Any English coin of standard value; coined money.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So that ye offer nobles or
<i>sterlings</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And Roman wealth in English <i>sterling</i>
view.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A certain standard of quality or value for
money.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sterling</i> was the known and approved standard in
England, in all probability, from the beginning of King Henry the
Second's reign.</blockquote> <i>S. M. Leake.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ster"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Belonging to, or relating to, the standard British money of
account, or the British coinage; as, a pound <i>sterling</i>; a
shilling <i>sterling</i>; a penny <i>sterling</i>; -- now chiefly
applied to the lawful money of England; but <i>sterling</i> cost,
<i>sterling</i> value, are used.</def> "With <i>sterling</i> money."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Genuine; pure; of excellent quality;
conforming to the highest standard; of full value; as, a work of
<i>sterling</i> merit; a man of <i>sterling</i> good sense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>stearn</i> a kind
of bird. See <u>Starling</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The black
tern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stern</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Sterner</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sternest</u>.] [OE.
<i>sterne</i>, <i>sturne</i>, AS. <i>styrne</i>; cf. D.
<i>stuurish</i> stern, Sw. <i>stursk</i> refractory. &radic;166.]
<def>Having a certain hardness or severity of nature, manner, or
aspect; hard; severe; rigid; rigorous; austere; fixed; unchanging;
unrelenting; hence, serious; resolute; harsh; as, a
<i>stern</i>resolve; a <i>stern</i> necessity; a <i>stern</i> heart; a
<i>stern</i> gaze; a <i>stern</i> decree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sterne</i> wind so loud gan to
rout.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I would outstare the <i>sternest</i> eyes that
look.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When that the poor have cried, C&aelig;sar hath
wept;<BR>
Ambition should be made of <i>sterner</i> stuff.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Stern</i> as tutors, and as uncles
hard.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These barren rocks, your <i>stern</i>
inheritance.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Gloomy; sullen; forbidding; strict; unkind; hard-
hearted; unfeeling; cruel; pitiless.</p>

<p><hw>Stern</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>stj&omacr;rn</i> a
steering, or a doubtful AS. <i>ste&oacute;rn</i>. &radic;166. See
<u>Steer</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
helm or tiller of a vessel or boat; also, the rudder.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The after or rear end of a
ship or other vessel, or of a boat; the part opposite to the stem, or
prow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: The post of management or
direction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And sit chiefest <i>stern</i> of public
weal.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The hinder part of anything.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The tail of an animal; -- now used only of
the tail of a dog.</def></p>

<p><col><b>By the stern</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See <i>By the
head</i>, under <u>By</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stern</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being in the stern, or
being astern; as, the <i>stern</i> davits.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stern board</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a going or
falling astern; a loss of way in making a tack; as, to make a <i>stern
board</i>. See <u>Board</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 8
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>Stern chase</b></col>.
<i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>See under <u>Chase</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A stern chaser.</cd>
-- <col><b>Stern chaser</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a cannon placed
in a ship's stern, pointing backward, and intended to annoy a ship
that is in pursuit.</cd> -- <col><b>Stern fast</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a rope used to confine the stern of a ship or
other vessel, as to a wharf or buoy.</cd> -- <col><b>Stern
frame</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the framework of timber forms the
stern of a ship.</cd> -- <col><b>Stern knee</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Sternson</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Stern port</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>a port, or opening, in the stern of a ship.</cd> -- <col><b>Stern
sheets</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>that part of an open boat which
is between the stern and the aftmost seat of the rowers, -- usually
furnished with seats for passengers.</cd> -- <col><b>Stern
wheel</b></col>, <cd>a paddle wheel attached to the stern of the
steamboat which it propels.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stern"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Stern.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ster"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to the sternum; in the region of the sternum.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sternal ribs</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under <u>Rib</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stern"berg*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named after
Count Kaspar <i>Sternberg</i> of Prague.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
sulphide of silver and iron, occurring in soft flexible lamin&aelig;
varying in color from brown to black.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ster"ne*bra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sternebr&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. <i>sternum</i> + <i>-
bra</i> of <i>vertebra</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the segments
of the sternum.</def> -- <wf>Ster"ne*bral</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sterned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a stern of a
particular shape; -- used in composition; as, square-
<i>sterned</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stern"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 3d <u>Stern</u>.]
<def>A director.</def> [Obs. & R.]  <i>Dr. R. Clerke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stern`fore"most`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With the
stern, instead of the bow, in advance; hence, figuratively, in an
awkward, blundering manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A fatal genius for going
<i>sternforemost</i>.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ster"nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Sternum</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The sternum of an arthropod somite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stern"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a stern
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stern"most`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Farthest in the
rear; farthest astern; as, the <i>sternmost</i> ship in a
convoy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stern"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being stern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster"no-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form used in anatomy to
indicate <i>connection with</i>, or <i>relation to</i>, <i>the
sternum</i>; as, <i>sterno</i>costal, <i>sterno</i>scapular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster`no*cor"a*coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the sternum and the
coracoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster`no*cos"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sterno-</i>
+ <i>costal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the sternum
and the ribs; as, the <i>sternocostal</i> cartilages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster`no*hy"oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the sternum and the hyoid bone or
cartilage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster`no*mas"toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the sternum and the mastoid
process.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster`no*thy"roid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the sternum and the thyroid
cartilage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stern"post`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A straight piece of timber, or an iron bar or beam, erected on
the extremity of the keel to support the rudder, and receive the ends
of the planks or plates of the vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sterns"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
steersman.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stern"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Stern</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Stemson</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The
end of a ship's keelson, to which the sternpost is bolted; -- called
also <i>stern knee</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Sterna</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Sternums</b></plw> (#). [NL.,
from Gr. &?;, the breast, chest.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>A plate of cartilage, or a series of bony or cartilaginous plates
or segments, in the median line of the pectoral skeleton of most
vertebrates above fishes; the breastbone.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The sternum is connected with the ribs or the pectorial
girdle, or with both. In man it is a flat bone, broad anteriorly,
narrowed behind, and connected with the clavicles and the cartilages
of the seven anterior pairs of ribs. In most birds it has a high
median keel for the attachment of the muscles of the wings.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The ventral part of any
one of the somites of an arthropod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster`nu*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sternutatio</i>, fr. <i>sternutare</i> to sneeze, intens. from
<i>sternuere</i>.] <def>The act of sneezing.</def>  <i>Quincy.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ster*nu"ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
quality of provoking to sneeze.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster*nu"ta*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sternutative.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sternutatory
substance or medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stern"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>The movement of a ship backward, or with her stern
foremost.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stern"-wheel`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
paddle wheel at the stern; as, a <i>stern-wheel</i> steamer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stern"-wheel`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A steamboat
having a stern wheel instead of side wheels.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Ster*quil"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sterquilinium</i> a dung pit, fr. <i>stercus</i> dung.]
<def>Pertaining to a dunghill; hence, mean; dirty; paltry.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ster"re</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A star.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ster"rink</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The crab-eating seal (<i>Lobodon carcinophaga</i>) of the
Antarctic Ocean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster"ro*met`al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; firm,
solid + E. <i>metal</i>.] <def>Any alloy of copper, zinc, tin, and
iron, of which cannon are sometimes made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stert</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Start</u>.
<def>Started.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ster"te</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Start</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ster*to"ri*ous</hw> (st&etilde;r*t&omacr;"r&ibreve;*&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stertorous.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ster"to*rous</hw> (st&etilde;r"t&osl;*r&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stertere</i> to snore: cf. F.
<i>stertoreux</i>.] <def>Characterized by a deep snoring, which
accompanies inspiration in some diseases, especially apoplexy; hence,
hoarsely breathing; snoring.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Burning, <i>stertorous</i> breath that hurt her
cheek.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The day has ebbed away, and it is night in his room,
before his <i>stertorous</i> breathing lulls.</blockquote>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sterve</hw> (st&etilde;rv), <pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos>
<def>To die, or cause to die; to perish. See <u>Starve</u>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stet</hw> (st&ebreve;t), L., <pos><i>subj. 3d pers.
sing.</i></pos> of <i>stare</i> to stand, remain. [See <u>Stand</u>.]
<i>(Print.)</i> <def>Let it stand; -- a word used by proof readers to
signify that something once erased, or marked for omission, is to
remain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stet</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stetted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stetting</u>.] <i>(Print.)</i> <def>To cause or direct to remain
after having been marked for omission; to mark with the word
<i>stet</i>, or with a series of dots below or beside the matter; as,
the proof reader <i>stetted</i> a deled footnote.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steth"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ste</i>aric +
<i>ethal</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of the higher alcohols of the
methane series, homologous with ethal, and found in small quantities
as an ethereal salt of stearic acid in spermaceti.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steth"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the
breast + <i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>See
<u>Pneumatograph</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste*thom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; chest +
<i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An apparatus for measuring the
external movements of a given point of the chest wall, during
respiration; -- also called <i>thoracometer</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steth"o*scope</hw> (st&ebreve;th"&osl;*sk&omacr;p),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>sth^qos</grk> the breast + <i>-
scope</i>: cf. F. <i>st&eacute;thoscope</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An
instrument used in auscultation for examining the organs of the chest,
as the heart and lungs, by conveying to the ear of the examiner the
sounds produced in the thorax.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steth"o*scope</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To auscultate,
or examine, with a stethoscope.</def>  <i>M. W. Savage.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Steth`o*scop"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Steth`o*scop"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>st&eacute;thoscopique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to a stethoscope; obtained or made by means of a
stethoscope.</def> -- <wf>Steth`o*scop"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ste*thos"co*pist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
skilled in the use of the stethoscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste*thos"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or
process of examination by the stethoscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steve</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Stevedore</u>.]
<def>To pack or stow, as cargo in a ship's hold. See
<u>Steeve</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"ve*dore`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>estivador</i> a packer, a stower, fr. <i>estivar</i> to pack, to
stow, L. <i>stipare</i> to press, compress, probably akin to E.
<i>stiff</i>. See <u>Stiff</u>, <u>Stive</u> to stuff.] <def>One whose
occupation is to load and unload vessels in port; one who stows a
cargo in a hold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"ven</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>stefn</i>,
<i>stemn</i>, voice; akin to D. <i>stem</i>, G. <i>stimme</i>, Goth.
<i>stibna</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Voice; speech; language.</def>
[Obs. or Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ye have as merry a <i>steven</i><BR>
As any angel hath that is in heaven.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An outcry; a loud call; a clamor.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To set steven</b></col>, <cd>to make an appointment.</cd>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>setten steven</i> for to meet<BR>
To playen at the dice.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stew</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Stow</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small pond or pool where fish are kept for
the table; a vivarium.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Chaucer.
Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An artificial bed of oysters.</def> [Local,
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Stew</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stewed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stewing</u>.] [OE. <i>stuven</i>, OF. <i>estuver</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;tuver</i>, fr. OF. <i>estuve</i>, F. <i>&eacute;tuve</i>, a
sweating house, a room heated for a bath; probably of Teutonic origin,
and akin to E. <i>stove</i>. See <u>Stove</u>, and cf. <u>Stive</u> to
stew.] <def>To boil slowly, or with the simmering or moderate heat; to
seethe; to cook in a little liquid, over a gentle fire, without
boiling; as, to <i>stew</i> meat; to <i>stew</i> oysters; to
<i>stew</i> apples.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1413 !></p>

<p><hw>Stew</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be seethed or
cooked in a slow, gentle manner, or in heat and moisture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stew</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stue</i>, <i>stuwe</i>,
OF. <i>estuve</i>. See <u>Stew</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place of stewing or seething; a place where
hot bathes are furnished; a hothouse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As burning &AElig;tna from his boiling <i>stew</i><BR>
Doth belch out flames.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lydians were inhibited by Cyrus to use any armor,
and give themselves to baths and <i>stews</i>.</blockquote> <i>Abp.
Abbot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A brothel; -- usually in the plural.</def>
<i>Bacon. South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There be that hate harlots, and never were at the
<i>stews</i>.</blockquote> <i>Aschman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A prostitute.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir A.
Weldon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A dish prepared by stewing; as, a
<i>stew</i>of pigeons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A state of agitating excitement; a state of
worry; confusion; as, to be in a <i>stew</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Stew"ard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stiward</i>,
AS. <i>st&imacr;weard</i>, <i>stigweard</i>, literally, a sty ward;
<i>stigu</i> sty + <i>weard</i> warden, guardian, -- his first duty
having been probably to attend to the domestic animals. &radic;164.
See <u>Sty</u> pen for swine, <u>Ward</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
man employed in a large family, or on a large estate, to manage the
domestic concerns, supervise other servants, collect the rents or
income, keep accounts, and the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Worthy to be <i>stewards</i> of rent and
land.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They came near to the <i>steward</i> of Joseph's
house.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xliii. 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As good <i>stewards</i> of the manifold grace of
God.</blockquote> <i>1 Pet. iv. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person employed in a hotel, or a club, or
on board a ship, to provide for the table, superintend the culinary
affairs, etc. In naval vessels, the captain's <i>steward</i>, wardroom
<i>steward</i>, steerage <i>steward</i>, warrant officers
<i>steward</i>, etc., are petty officers who provide for the messes
under their charge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A fiscal agent of certain bodies; as, a
<i>steward</i> in a Methodist church.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In some colleges, an officer who provides
food for the students and superintends the kitchen; also, an officer
who attends to the accounts of the students.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>In Scotland, a magistrate appointed by the
crown to exercise jurisdiction over royal lands.</def>
<i>Erskine.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Lord high steward</b></col>, <cd>formerly, the first
officer of the crown; afterward, an officer occasionally appointed, as
for a coronation, or upon the trial of a peer.</cd> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stew"ard</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To manage as a
steward.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stew"ard*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female steward;
specifically, a woman employed in passenger vessels to attend to the
wants of female passengers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stew"ard*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a manner, or
with the care, of a steward.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To be <i>stewardly</i> dispensed, not wastefully
spent.</blockquote> <i>Tooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stew"ard*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of a
steward.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stew"art*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An overseer or superintendent.</def> [R.] "The <i>stewartry</i>
of provisions."  <i>Tooke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The office of a steward; stewardship.</def>
[R.]  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In Scotland, the jurisdiction of a steward;
also, the lands under such jurisdiction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stew"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Suiting a stew, or
brothel.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stew"pan`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pan used for
stewing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stew"pot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pot used for
stewing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Stee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sthen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; strength: cf.
F. <i>sth&eacute;nique</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Strong; active; --
said especially of morbid states attended with excessive action of the
heart and blood vessels, and characterized by strength and activity of
the muscular and nervous system; as, a <i>sthenic</i> fever.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sthenic theory</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Stimulism</u>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Sti*ac*cia"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., crushed,
flattened.] <i>(Sculp.)</i> <def>The lowest relief, -- often used in
Italian sculpture of the 15th and 16th centuries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sti"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sty on the eye.
See <u>Styan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stib"born</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stubborn.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stib"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Stibium</u>.]
<def>Like, or having the qualities of, antimony; antimonial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stib"i*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Antimonial intoxication or poisoning.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stib"i*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>stibiatus</i>, from L. <i>stibium</i> antimony.] <i>(Med.
Chem.)</i> <def>Combined or impregnated with antimony
(<i>stibium</i>).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stibiated tartar</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Tartar emetic</i>,
under <u>Tartar</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stib"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Antimonic; -- used with reference to certain compounds of
antimony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stib"i*co*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A native oxide of antimony occurring in masses of a yellow
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stib"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Antimony hydride, or hydrogen antimonide, a colorless gas
produced by the action of nascent hydrogen on antimony. It has a
characteristic odor and burns with a characteristic greenish flame.
Formerly called also <i>antimoniureted hydrogen</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stib"i*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Antimonious.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Stib"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stibium</i>,
<i>stibi</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The technical name of antimony.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Stibnite.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stib"nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
mineral of a lead-gray color and brilliant metallic luster, occurring
in prismatic crystals; sulphide of antimony; -- called also
<i>antimony glance</i>, and <i>gray antimony</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sti*bo"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The hypothetical radical SbH<sub>4</sub>, analogous to ammonium;
-- called also <i>antimonium</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stic*ca"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. It.
<i>steccato</i> a palisade.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An instrument
consisting of small bars of wood, flat at the bottom and rounded at
the top, and resting on the edges of a kind of open box. They are
unequal in size, gradually increasing from the smallest to the
largest, and are tuned to the diatonic scale. The tones are produced
by striking the pieces of wood with hard balls attached to flexible
sticks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stich</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>sti`chos</grk> a
row, line, akin to to go, march, E. <i>sty</i>, v.i.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A verse, of whatever measure or number of
feet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A line in the Scriptures; specifically
<i>(Hebrew Scriptures)</i>, one of the rhythmic lines in the poetical
books and passages of the Old Treatment, as written in the oldest
Hebrew manuscripts and in the Revised Version of the English
Bible.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A row, line, or rank of trees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stich"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>stichiko`s</grk>.] <def>Of or pertaining to stichs, or lines;
consisting of stichs, or lines.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sti*chid"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stichida</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, dim. of &?; a row.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A special podlike or fusiform branch containing
tetraspores. It is found in certain red alg&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stich"o*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a line +
<i>-mancy</i>.] <def>Divination by lines, or passages of books, taken
at hazard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stich`o*met"ric*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to stichometry; characterized by stichs, or
lines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stich*om"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a line +
<i>-metry</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Measurement of books by the
number of lines which they contain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Division of the text of a book into lines;
especially, the division of the text of books into lines accommodated
to the sense, -- a method of writing manuscripts used before
punctuation was adopted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stich"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
kind of chickweed (<i>Stellaria Holostea</i>).</def> [Written also
<i>stitchwort</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Stick</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sticke</i>, AS.
<i>sticca</i>; akin to <i>stician</i> to stab, prick, pierce, G.
<i>stecken</i> a stick, staff, OHG. <i>steccho</i>, Icel. <i>stik</i>
a stick. See <u>Stick</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small shoot, or branch, separated, as by a
cutting, from a tree or shrub; also, any stem or branch of a tree, of
any size, cut for fuel or timber.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Withered <i>sticks</i> to gather, which might serve<BR>
Against a winter's day.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any long and comparatively slender piece of
wood, whether in natural form or shaped with tools; a rod; a wand; a
staff; as, the <i>stick</i> of a rocket; a walking
<i>stick</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything shaped like a stick; as, a
<i>stick</i> of wax.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A derogatory expression for a person; one
who is inert or stupid; as, an odd <i>stick</i>; a poor
<i>stick</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A composing stick. See
under <u>Composing</u>. It is usually a frame of metal, but for
posters, handbills, etc., one made of wood is used.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A thrust with a pointed instrument; a
stab.</def></p>

<p><col><b>A stick of eels</b></col>, <cd>twenty-five eels.</cd>
[Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Stick chimney</b></col>, <cd>a chimney made of
sticks laid crosswise, and cemented with clay or mud, as in some log
houses.</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>Stick insect</b></col>,
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of various species of wingless
orthopterous insects of the family <i>Phasmid&aelig;</i>, which have a
long round body, resembling a stick in form and color, and long legs,
which are often held rigidly in such positions as to make them
resemble small twigs. They thus imitate the branches and twigs of the
trees on which they live. The common American species is
<i>Diapheromera femorata</i>. Some of the Asiatic species are more
than a foot long.</cd> -- <col><b>To cut one's stick</b></col>, or
<col><b>To cut stick</b></col>, <cd>to run away.</cd> [Slang] <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stick</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stuck</u> (?) (Obs. <u>Sticked</u> (&?;)); <pos><i>p.
pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Sticking</u>.] [OE. <i>stikien</i>, v.t. &
i., combined with <i>steken</i>, whence E. <i>stuck</i>), AS.
<i>stician</i>, v.t. & i., and (assumed) <i>stecan</i>, v.t.; akin to
OFries. <i>steka</i>, OS. <i>stekan</i>, OHG. <i>stehhan</i>, G.
<i>stechen</i>, and to Gr. &?; to prick, Skr. <i>tij</i> to be sharp.
Cf. <u>Distinguish</u>, <u>Etiquette</u>, <u>Extinct</u>,
<u>Instigate</u>, <u>Instinct</u>, <u>Prestige</u>, <u>Stake</u>,
<u>Steak</u>, <u>Stick</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Stigma</u>,
<u>Stimulate</u>, <u>Sting</u>, <u>Stitch</u> in sewing, <u>Style</u>
for or in writing.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To penetrate with a
pointed instrument; to pierce; to stab; hence, to kill by piercing;
as, to <i>stick</i> a beast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>sticked</i> him with bodkins anon.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It was a shame . . . to <i>stick</i> him under the
other gentleman's arm while he was redding the fray.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to penetrate; to push, thrust, or
drive, so as to pierce; as, to <i>stick</i> a needle into one's
finger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou <i>stickest</i> a dagger in me.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fasten, attach, or cause to remain, by
thrusting in; hence, also, to adorn or deck with things fastened on as
by piercing; as, to <i>stick</i> a pin on the sleeve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My shroud of white, <i>stuck</i> all with
yew.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The points of spears are <i>stuck</i> within the
shield.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To set; to fix in; as, to <i>stick</i> card
teeth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To set with something pointed; as, to
<i>stick</i> cards.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To fix on a pointed instrument; to impale;
as, to <i>stick</i> an apple on a fork.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To attach by causing to adhere to the
surface; as, to <i>stick</i> on a plaster; to <i>stick</i> a stamp on
an envelope; also, to attach in any manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>To compose; to set, or
arrange, in a composing stick; as, to <i>stick</i> type.</def>
[Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Joinery)</i> <def>To run or plane (moldings)
in a machine, in contradistinction to working them by hand. Such
moldings are said to be <i>stuck</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To cause to stick; to bring to a stand; to
pose; to puzzle; as, to <i>stick</i> one with a hard problem.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To impose upon; to compel to pay;
sometimes, to cheat.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>To stick out</b></col>, <cd>to cause to project or
protrude; to render prominent.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stick</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To adhere; as, glue <i>sticks</i> to the fingers; paste
<i>sticks</i> to the wall.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The green caterpillar breedeth in the inward parts of
roses not blown, where the dew <i>sticketh</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To remain where placed; to be fixed; to
hold fast to any position so as to be moved with difficulty; to cling;
to abide; to cleave; to be united closely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A friend that <i>sticketh</i> closer than a
brother.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xviii. 24.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am a kind of bur; I shall <i>stick</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If on your fame our sex a bolt has thrown,<BR>
'T will ever <i>stick</i> through malice of your own.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be prevented from going farther; to stop
by reason of some obstacle; to be stayed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I had most need of blessing, and "Amen"<BR>
<i>Stuck</i> in my throat.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The trembling weapon passed<BR>
Through nine bull hides, . . . and <i>stuck</i> within the
last.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be embarrassed or puzzled; to hesitate;
to be deterred, as by scruples; to scruple; -- often with
<i>at</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They will <i>stick</i> long at part of a demonstration
for want of perceiving the connection of two ideas.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>stick</i> not to say, that the parson and
attorney forged a will.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To cause difficulties, scruples, or
hesitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is the difficulty that <i>sticks</i> with the most
reasonable.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To stick by</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To adhere
closely to; to be firm in supporting</cd>. "We are your only friends;
<i>stick by</i> us, and we will <i>stick by</i> you." <i>Davenant.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To be troublesome by adhering.</cd> "I am
satisfied to trifle away my time, rather than let it <i>stick by</i>
me." <i>Pope.</i> -- <col><b>To stick out</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To project; to be prominent.</cd> "His bones
that were not seen <i>stick out</i>." <i>Job xxxiii. 21.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To persevere in a purpose; to hold out; as,
the garrison <i>stuck out</i> until relieved.</cd> [Colloq.] --
<col><b>To stick to</b></col>, <cd>to be persevering in holding to;
as, <i>to stick to</i> a party or cause.</cd> "The advantage will be
on our side if we <i>stick to</i> its essentials." <i>Addison.</i> --
<col><b>To stick up</b></col>, <cd>to stand erect; as, his hair
<i>sticks up</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To stick up for</b></col>, <cd>to
assert and defend; as, <i>to stick up for</i> one's rights or for a
friend.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To stick upon</b></col>, <cd>to
dwell upon; not to forsake.</cd> "If the matter be knotty, the mind
must stop and buckle to it, and <i>stick upon</i> it with labor and
thought." <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stick"ed</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Stick</u>.
<def>Stuck.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And in the sand her ship <i>sticked</i> so
fast.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>sticked</i> not to give their bodies to be
burnt.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stick"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, sticks; as, a bill
<i>sticker</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which causes one to stick; that which
puzzles or poses.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Tackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>In the organ, a small wooden
rod which connects (in part) a key and a pallet, so as to communicate
motion by pushing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Paster</u>, 2.</def> [Political
Cant, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Stick"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stickfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Print.)</i> <def>As much set
type as fills a composing stick.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stick"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being sticky; as, the <i>stickiness</i> of glue or paste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stick"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Stick</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Sticking piece</b></col>, <cd>a piece of beef cut from the
neck.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>Sticking place</b></col>, <cd>the place
where a thing sticks, or remains fast; sticking point.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>But screw your courage to the <i>sticking
place</i>,<BR>
And we'll not fail.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Sticking plaster</b></col>, <cd>an adhesive plaster for
closing wounds, and for similar uses.</cd> -- <col><b>Sticking
point</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Sticking place</i>, above.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stick"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stuck; spoiled in
making.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><col><b>Stickit minister</b></col>, <cd>a candidate for the
clerical office who fails, disqualified by incompetency or
immorality.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stick"-lac`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See the Note
under <u>Lac</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stic"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stickled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stickling</u>.] [Probably fr. OE. <i>stightlen</i>,
<i>sti&?;tlen</i>, to dispose, arrange, govern, freq. of
<i>stihten</i>, AS. <i>stihtan</i>: cf. G. <i>stiften</i> to found, to
establish.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To separate combatants by
intervening.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When he [the angel] sees half of the Christians killed,
and the rest in a fair way of being routed, he <i>stickles</i> betwixt
the remainder of God's host and the race of fiends.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To contend, contest, or altercate, esp. in
a pertinacious manner on insufficient grounds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fortune, as she 's wont, turned fickle,<BR>
And for the foe began to <i>stickle</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>While for paltry punk they roar and
<i>stickle</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The obstinacy with which he <i>stickles</i> for the
wrong.</blockquote> <i>Hazlitt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To play fast and loose; to pass from one
side to the other; to trim.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stic"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To separate, as combatants; hence, to quiet, to appease, as
disputants.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Which [question] violently they pursue,<BR>
Nor <i>stickled</i> would they be.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To intervene in; to stop, or put an end to,
by intervening; hence, to arbitrate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They ran to him, and, pulling him back by force,
<i>stickled</i> that unnatural fray.</blockquote> <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stic"kle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>stick</u>,
<pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos>] <def>A shallow rapid in a river; also,
the current below a waterfall.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Patient anglers, standing all the day<BR>
Near to some shallow <i>stickle</i> or deep bay.</blockquote> <i>W.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stic"kle*back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. & Prov E.
<i>stickle</i> a prickle, spine, sting (AS. <i>sticel</i>) +
<i>back</i>. See <u>Stick</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Banstickle</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of small fishes of the genus <i>Gasterosteus</i> and allied
genera. The back is armed with two or more sharp spines. They inhabit
both salt and brackish water, and construct curious nests. Called also
<i>sticklebag</i>, <i>sharpling</i>, and <i>prickleback</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1414 !></p>

<p><hw>Stic"kler</hw> (st&ibreve;k"kl&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See <u>Stickle</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>One who
stickles.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One who arbitrates a duel; a sidesman to a
fencer; a second; an umpire.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Basilius, the judge, appointed <i>sticklers</i> and
trumpets whom the others should obey.</blockquote> <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our former chiefs, like <i>sticklers</i> of the
war,<BR>
First sought to inflame the parties, then to poise.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One who pertinaciously contends for some
trifling things, as a point of etiquette; an unreasonable, obstinate
contender; as, a <i>stickler</i> for ceremony.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Tory or High-church were the greatest
<i>sticklers</i> against the exorbitant proceedings of King James
II.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stick"-seed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A plant (<i>Echinospermum Lappula</i>) of the Borage family, with
small blue flowers and prickly nutlets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stick"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The ruddy
duck.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Stick"-tight`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Beggar's ticks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stick"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Stickier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Stickiest</u>.] <def>Having the quality
of sticking to a surface; adhesive; gluey; viscous; viscid; glutinous;
tenacious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Herbs which last longest are those of strong smell, and
with a <i>sticky</i> stalk.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stid"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Stithy</u>.]
<def>An anvil; also, a smith shop. See <u>Stithy</u>.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stiff</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Stiffer</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Stiffest</u>.] [OE.
<i>stif</i>, AS. <i>st&imacr;f</i>; akin to D. <i>stijf</i>, G.
<i>steif</i>, Dan. <i>stiv</i>, Sw. <i>styf</i>, Icel.
<i>st&imacr;fr</i>, Lith. <i>stipti</i> to be stiff; cf. L.
<i>stipes</i> a post, trunk of a tree, <i>stipare</i> to press,
compress.  Cf. <u>Costive</u>, <u>Stifle</u>, <u>Stipulate</u>,
<u>Stive</u> to stuff.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not easily bent; not
flexible or pliant; not limber or flaccid; rigid; firm; as,
<i>stiff</i> wood, paper, joints.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] rising on <i>stiff</i> pennons, tower<BR>
The mid a&euml;rial sky.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not liquid or fluid; thick and tenacious;
inspissated; neither soft nor hard; as, the paste is
<i>stiff</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Firm; strong; violent; difficult to oppose;
as, a <i>stiff</i> gale or breeze.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not easily subdued; unyielding; stubborn;
obstinate; pertinacious; as, a <i>stiff</i> adversary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a shame to stand <i>stiff</i> in a foolish
argument.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A war ensues: the Cretans own their cause,<BR>
<i>Stiff</i> to defend their hospitable laws.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Not natural and easy; formal; constrained;
affected; starched; as, <i>stiff</i> behavior; a <i>stiff</i>
style.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The French are open, familiar, and talkative; the
Italians <i>stiff</i>, ceremonious, and reserved.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Harsh; disagreeable; severe; hard to
bear.</def> [Obs. or Colloq.] "This is <i>stiff</i> news."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Bearing a press of canvas
without careening much; as, a <i>stiff</i> vessel; -- opposed to
<i>crank</i>.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Very large, strong, or costly; powerful;
as, a <i>stiff</i> charge; a <i>stiff</i> price.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>Stiff neck</b></col>, <cd>a condition of the neck such that
the head can not be moved without difficulty and pain.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Rigid; inflexible; strong; hardly; stubborn;
obstinate; pertinacious; harsh; formal; constrained; affected;
starched; rigorous.</p>

<p><hw>Stiff"-backed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Obstinate.</def>  <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stiff"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stiffened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stiffening</u>.] [See <u>Stiff</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make stiff; to make less pliant or flexible; as, to <i>stiffen</i>
cloth with starch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Stiffen</i> the sinews, summon up the
blood.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inspissate; to make more thick or
viscous; as, to <i>stiffen</i> paste.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make torpid; to benumb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stiff"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become stiff or
stiffer, in any sense of the adjective.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like bristles rose my <i>stiffening</i>
hair.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The tender soil then <i>stiffening</i> by
degrees.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some souls we see,<BR>
Grow hard and <i>stiffen</i> with adversity.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stiff"en*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, stiffens anything, as a piece of stiff cloth in a
cravat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stiff"en*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Act or process of making stiff.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something used to make anything
stiff.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stiffening order</b></col> <i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>a permission
granted by the customs department to take cargo or ballast on board
before the old cargo is out, in order to steady the ship.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stiff"-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Stiff</i> +
<i>heart</i>.] <def>Obstinate; stubborn; contumacious.</def>  <i>Ezek.
ii. 4.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stiff"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
stiff.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stiff"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a stiff
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stiff"-necked`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stubborn;
inflexibly obstinate; contumacious; as, <i>stiff-necked</i> pride; a
<i>stiff-necked</i> people.</def>  <i>Ex. xxxii. 9.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stiff"-neck`ed*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being stiff-necked; stubbornness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stiff"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being stiff; as, the <i>stiffness</i> of cloth or of paste;
<i>stiffness</i> of manner; <i>stiffness</i> of character.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The vices of old age have the <i>stiffness</i> of it
too.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stiff"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The ruddy
duck.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Stiff"-tailed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the quill feathers of the tail
somewhat rigid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sti"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Stiff</u>.]
<i>(Far.)</i> <def>The joint next above the hock, and near the flank,
in the hind leg of the horse and allied animals; the joint
corresponding to the knee in man; -- called also <i>stifle joint</i>.
See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Horse</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stifle bone</b></col>, <cd>a small bone at the stifle
joint; the patella, or kneepan.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sti"fle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stifled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stifling</u> (?).] [Freq. of OE. <i>stif</i> stiff; cf. Icel.
<i>st&imacr;fla</i> to dam up.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stop the
breath of by crowding something into the windpipe, or introducing an
irrespirable substance into the lungs; to choke; to suffocate; to
cause the death of by such means; as, to <i>stifle</i> one with smoke
or dust.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Stifled</i> with kisses, a sweet death he
dies.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I took my leave, being half <i>stifled</i> with the
closeness of the room.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stop; to extinguish; to deaden; to
quench; as, to <i>stifle</i> the breath; to <i>stifle</i> a fire or
flame.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bodies . . . <i>stifle</i> in themselves the rays which
they do not reflect or transmit.</blockquote> <i>Sir I.
Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To suppress the manifestation or report of;
to smother; to conceal from public knowledge; as, to <i>stifle</i> a
story; to <i>stifle</i> passion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I desire only to have things fairly represented as they
really are; no evidence smothered or <i>stifled</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sti"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To die by reason
of obstruction of the breath, or because some noxious substance
prevents respiration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You shall <i>stifle</i> in your own
report.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sti"fled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Stifling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The close and <i>stifled</i> study.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sti"fler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, stifles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>See
<u>Camouflet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stig"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Stigmas</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Stigmata</b></plw> (#). [L.,
a mark, a brand, from Gr. &?;, &?;, the prick or mark of a pointed
instrument, a spot, mark, from &?; to prick, to brand. See
<u>Stick</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mark
made with a burning iron; a brand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any mark of infamy or disgrace; sign of
moral blemish; stain or reproach caused by dishonorable conduct;
reproachful characterization.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The blackest <i>stigma</i> that can be fastened upon
him.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All such slaughters were from thence called Bartelmies,
simply in a perpetual <i>stigma</i> of that butchery.</blockquote>
<i>Sir G. Buck.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>That part of a pistil which
has no epidermis, and is fitted to receive the pollen. It is usually
the terminal portion, and is commonly somewhat glutinous or viscid.
See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Stamen</u> and of <u>Flower</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A small spot, mark, scar, or
a minute hole; -- applied especially to a spot on the outer surface of
a Graafian follicle, and to spots of intercellular substance in scaly
epithelium, or to minute holes in such spots.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Pathol.)</i> <def>A red speck upon the skin,
produced either by the extravasation of blood, as in the bloody sweat
characteristic of certain varieties of religious ecstasy, or by
capillary congestion, as in the case of drunkards.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One
of the external openings of the trache&aelig; of insects, myriapods,
and other arthropods; a spiracle.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One
of the apertures of the pulmonary sacs of arachnids. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Scorpion</u>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>One
of the apertures of the gill of an ascidian, and of
Amphioxus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A point so connected by any
law whatever with another point, called an <i>index</i>, that as the
index moves in any manner in a plane the first point or stigma moves
in a determinate way in the same plane.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>Marks
believed to have been supernaturally impressed upon the bodies of
certain persons in imitation of the wounds on the crucified body of
Christ. See def. 5, above.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stig*ma"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Stigma</u>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>The fossil root stem of a coal
plant of the genus <i>Sigillaria</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stig"ma*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Stigma</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stig*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A notorious profligate or criminal who has been branded; one who
bears the marks of infamy or punishment.</def> [R.]
<i>Bullokar.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person who is marked or deformed by
nature.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stig*mat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Stig*mat"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Stigma</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Marked with a stigma, or with something reproachful to
character.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Impressing with infamy or reproach.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot., Anat., etc)</i> <def>Of or pertaining
to a stigma or stigmata.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stigmatic geometry</b></col>, or
<col><b>Stigmatics</b></col>, <cd>that science in which the
correspondence of index and stigma (see <u>Stigma</u>, 7) is made use
of to establish geometrical proportions.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stig*mat"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With a
stigma, or mark of infamy or deformity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stig"ma*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One believed
to be supernaturally impressed with the marks of Christ's wounds. See
<u>Stigma</u>, 8.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stig`ma*ti*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of stigmatizing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>The production of
stigmata upon the body. See <u>Stigma</u>, 8.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stig"ma*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Stigmatized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Stigmatizing</u> (?).] [F. <i>stigmatiser</i>, Gr.
&?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To mark with a stigma, or brand; as, the
ancients <i>stigmatized</i> their slaves and soldiers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That . . . hold out both their ears with such delight
and ravishment, to be <i>stigmatized</i> and bored through in witness
of their own voluntary and beloved baseness.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To set a mark of disgrace on; to brand with
some mark of reproach or infamy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To find virtue extolled and vice
<i>stigmatized</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stig"ma*tose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Stigmatic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stig"o*no*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
one who is marked, or one who marks (&?; to mark with a pointed
instrument, to prick) + <i>-mancy</i>.] <def>Divination by writing on
the bark of a tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stike</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Stich</u>.]
<def>Stanza.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sackville.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sti"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Stile</u> a
style.] <def>Of or pertaining to the style of a dial.</def> [Written
also <i>stylar</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Stil"bene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Stilbite</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hydrocarbon, C<sub>14</sub>H<sub>12</sub>,
produced artificially in large, fine crystals; -- called also
<i>diphenyl ethylene</i>, <i>toluylene</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stil"bite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to glitter,
shine: cf. F. <i>stilbite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A common mineral of
the zeolite family, a hydrous silicate of alumina and lime, usually
occurring in sheaflike aggregations of crystals, also in radiated
masses. It is of a white or yellowish color, with pearly luster on the
cleavage surface. Called also <i>desmine</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Style</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pin set on the face of a dial, to cast a
shadow; a style. See <u>Style</u>.</def>  <i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mode of composition. See
<u>Style</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>May I not write in such a <i>stile</i> as
this?</blockquote> <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stile</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stile</i>, AS.
<i>stigel</i> a step, a ladder, from <i>st&imacr;gan</i> to ascend;
akin to OHG. <i>stigila</i> a stile. &radic;164. See <u>Sty</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Stair</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A step, or set of steps, for ascending and descending, in passing
a fence or wall.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There comes my master . . . over the <i>stile</i>, this
way.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Over this <i>stile</i> in the way to Doubting
Castle.</blockquote> <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>One of the upright pieces in
a frame; one of the primary members of a frame, into which the
secondary members are mortised.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In an ordinary door the principal upright pieces are called
<i>stiles</i>, the subordinate upright pieces <i>mullions</i>, and the
crosspieces <i>rails</i>. In wainscoting the principal pieces are
sometimes called <i>stiles</i>, even when horizontal.</p>

<p><col><b>Hanging stile</b></col>, <col><b>Pulley stile</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Hanging</u>, and <u>Pulley</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sti"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>stilette</i>, and <i>stylet</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
stiletto.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>See <u>Stylet</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sti*let"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stilettos</b></plw> (#). [It., dim. of <i>stilo</i> a dagger,
fr. L. <i>stilus</i> a pointed instrument. See <u>Style</u> for
writing, and cf. <u>Stylet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of
dagger with a slender, rounded, and pointed blade.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pointed instrument for making eyelet
holes in embroidery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A beard trimmed into a pointed form.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The very quack of fashions, the very he that<BR>
Wears a <i>stiletto</i> on his chin.</blockquote> <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sti*let"to</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stilettoed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stilettoing</u> (?).] <def>To stab or kill with a stiletto.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Still</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Stiller</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Stillest</u>.] [OE.
<i>stille</i>, AS. <i>stille</i>; akin to D. <i>stil</i>, OS. & OHG.
<i>stilli</i>, G. <i>still</i>, Dan. <i>stille</i>, Sw. <i>stilla</i>,
and to E. <i>stall</i>; from the idea of coming to a stand, or halt.
Cf. <u>Still</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Motionless; at rest; quiet; as, to stand <i>still</i>; to lie or
sit <i>still</i>.</def> "<i>Still</i> as any stone."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Uttering no sound; silent; as, the audience
is <i>still</i>; the animals are <i>still</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sea that roared at thy command,<BR>
At thy command was <i>still</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not disturbed by noise or agitation; quiet;
calm; as, a <i>still</i> evening; a <i>still</i> atmosphere.</def>
"When all the woods are <i>still</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Comparatively quiet or silent; soft;
gentle; low.</def> "A <i>still</i> small voice."  <i>1 Kings xix.
12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Constant; continual.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By <i>still</i> practice learn to know thy
meaning.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Not effervescing; not sparkling; as,
<i>still</i> wines.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Still life</b></col>. <i>(Fine Arts)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Inanimate objects</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Painting)</i> <cd>The class or style of painting which represents
inanimate objects, as fruit, flowers, dead game, etc.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Quiet; calm; noiseless; serene; motionless; inert;
stagnant.</p>

<p><hw>Still</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>stille</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Freedom from noise; calm; silence; as, the
<i>still</i> of midnight.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A steep hill or ascent.</def> [Obs.]  <i>W.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Still</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>stille</i> quietly.
See <u>Still</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> The modern senses come from the
idea of stopping and <i>staying</i> still, or motionless.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To this time; until and during the time now
present; now no less than before; yet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It hath been anciently reported, and is <i>still</i>
received.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In the future as now and before.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hourly joys be <i>still</i> upon you!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In continuation by successive or repeated
acts; always; ever; constantly; uniformly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The desire of fame betrays an ambitious man into
indecencies that lessen his reputation; he is <i>still</i> afraid lest
any of his actions should be thrown away in private.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Chemists would be rich if they could <i>still</i> do in
great quantities what they have sometimes done in little.</blockquote>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In an increasing or additional degree; even
more; -- much used with comparatives.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The guilt being great, the fear doth <i>still</i>
exceed.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Notwithstanding what has been said or done;
in spite of what has occured; nevertheless; -- sometimes used as a
conjunction. See Synonym of <u>But</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As sunshine, broken in the rill,<BR>
Though turned astray, is sunshine <i>still</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>After that; after what is stated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the primitive church, such as by fear being
compelled to sacrifice to strange gods, after repented, and kept
<i>still</i> the office of preaching the gospel.</blockquote>
<i>Whitgift.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Still and anon</b></col>, <cd>at intervals and repeatedly;
continually; ever and anon; now and then.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>And like the watchful minutes to the hour,<BR>
<i>Still and anon</i> cheered up the heavy time.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Still</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stilled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stilling</u>.] [AS. <i>stillan</i>, from <i>stille</i> still,
quiet, firm. See <u>Still</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stop, as motion or agitation; to cause to
become quiet, or comparatively quiet; to check the agitation of; as,
to <i>still</i> the raging sea.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He having a full sway over the water, had power to
<i>still</i> and compose it, as well as to move and disturb
it.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stop, as noise; to silence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With his name the mothers <i>still</i> their
babies.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To appease; to calm; to quiet, as tumult,
agitation, or excitement; as, to <i>still</i> the passions.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Toil that would, at least, have <i>stilled</i> an
unquiet impulse in me.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To quiet; calm; allay; lull; pacify; appease;
subdue; suppress; silence; stop; check; restrain.</p>

<p><! p. 1415 !></p>

<p><hw>Still</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OE.
<i>stillatorie</i>. See <u>Still</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, to
distill.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A vessel, boiler, or copper used in
the distillation of liquids; specifically, one used for the
distillation of alcoholic liquors; a retort. The name is sometimes
applied to the whole apparatus used in in vaporization and
condensation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A house where liquors are distilled; a
distillery.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Still watcher</b></col>, <cd>a device for indicating the
progress of distillation by the density of the liquid given over.</cd>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Still</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Abbreviated fr.
<i>distill</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to fall by
drops.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To expel spirit from by heat, or to
evaporate and condense in a refrigeratory; to distill.</def>
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Still</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L. <i>stillare</i>.  Cf.
<u>Distill</u>.] <def>To drop, or flow in drops; to distill.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stil"lage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bleaching)</i>
<def>A low stool to keep the goods from touching the floor.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stil`la*ti"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stillaticius</i>, fr. <i>stillare</i> to drop, <i>stilla</i> a
drop.] <def>Falling in drops; drawn by a still.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stil"la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-ries</b></plw> (#). [From <u>Still</u>, for <i>distill</i>.
Cf. <u>Still</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and <u>Distillatory</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An alembic; a vessel for
distillation.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A laboratory; a place or room in which
distillation is performed.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i> <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Still"birth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The birth of a
dead fetus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Still"born`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Dead at the birth; as, a <i>stillborn</i> child.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Abortive; as, a <i>stillborn</i>
poem.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Still"-burn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>still-burnt</u> (?) or <u>Still-burned</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Still-burning</u>.] <def>To burn
in the process of distillation; as, to <i>still-burn</i>
brandy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Still"-clos"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ever
closing.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Still-clothing</i> waters."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Still"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who stills, or
quiets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Still"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house in
which distillation is carried on; a distillery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Still"-hunt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hunting for
game in a quiet and cautious manner, or under cover; stalking; hence,
colloquially, the pursuit of any object quietly and cautiously.</def>
-- <wf>Still"-hunt`er</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Still"-
hunt`ing</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Stil"li*cide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stillicidium</i>; <i>stilla</i> a drop + <i>cadere</i> to fall.]
<def>A continual falling or succession of drops; rain water falling
from the eaves.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stil`li*cid"i*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Falling
in drops.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stil"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stilla</i> a
drop + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the form of a drop.</def>
<i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Still"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LG.
<i>stelling</i>, G. <i>stellen</i> to set, to place.] <def>A
stillion.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stil"lion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Stilling</u>.]
<def>A stand, as for casks or vats in a brewery, or for pottery while
drying.</def></p>

<p><hw>Still"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being still; quietness; silence;
calmness; inactivity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Painting, then, was the art demanded by the modern
intellect upon its emergence from the <i>stillness</i> of the Middle
Ages.</blockquote> <i>J. A. Symonds.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Habitual silence or quiet;
taciturnity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The gravity and <i>stillness</i> of your youth<BR>
The world hath noted.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Still"room`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A room for distilling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An apartment in a house where liquors,
preserves, and the like, are kept.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Floors are rubbed bright, . . . <i>stillroom</i> and
kitchen cleared for action.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Still"stand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
standstill.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Still"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Still; quiet;
calm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>stilly</i> hour when storms are
gone.</blockquote> <i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stil"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a still
manner; quietly; silently; softly.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The hum of either army <i>stilly</i>
sounds.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stilp*nom"e*lane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>stilpno`s</grk> shining + <grk>me`las</grk>, <grk>-anos</grk>,
black.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A black or greenish black mineral occurring
in foliated flates, also in velvety bronze-colored incrustations. It
is a hydrous silicate of iron and alumina.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stilt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stilte</i>; akin
to Dan. <i>stylte</i>, Sw. <i>stylta</i>, LG. & D. <i>stelt</i>, OHG.
<i>stelza</i>, G. <i>stelze</i>, and perh. to E. <i>stout</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pole, or piece of wood, constructed with a
step or loop to raise the foot above the ground in walking. It is
sometimes lashed to the leg, and sometimes prolonged upward so as to
be steadied by the hand or arm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ambition is but avarice on <i>stilts</i>, and
masked.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A crutch; also, the handle of a plow.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of
limicoline birds belonging to <i>Himantopus</i> and allied genera, in
which the legs are remarkably long and slender. Called also
<i>longshanks</i>, <i>stiltbird</i>, <i>stilt plover</i>, and
<i>lawyer</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The American species (<i>Himantopus Mexicanus</i>) is well
known. The European and Asiatic stilt (<i>H. candidus</i>) is usually
white, except the wings and interscapulars, which are greenish black.
The white-headed stilt (<i>H. leucocephalus</i>) and the banded stilt
(<i>Cladorhynchus pectoralis</i>) are found in Australia.</p>

<p><col><b>Stilt plover</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
stilt.</cd> -- <col><b>Stilt sandpiper</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>an American sandpiper (<i>Micropalama himantopus</i>) having long
legs. The bill is somewhat expanded at the tip.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stilt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stilted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stilting</u>.] <def>To raise on stilts, or as if on
stilts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stilt"bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Stilt</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stilt"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Elevated as if on
stilts; hence, pompous; bombastic; as, a <i>stilted</i> style;
<i>stilted</i> declamation.</def>
</p>

<p><col><b>Stilted arch</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>an arch in which
the springing line is some distance above the impost, the space
between being occupied by a vertical member, molded or ornamented, as
a continuation of the archivolt, intrados, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stilt"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Stilt</i> +
<i>-fy</i>.] <def>To raise upon stilts, or as upon stilts; to
stilt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stilt"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unreasonably
elevated; pompous; stilted; as, a <i>stilty</i> style.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stime</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymology uncertain.]
<def>A slight gleam or glimmer; a glimpse.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stim"u*lant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stimulans</i>, p. pr.; cf. F. <i>stimulant</i>. See
<u>Stimulate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Serving to
stimulate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Produced increased vital
action in the organism, or in any of its parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stim"u*lant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>stimulant</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which stimulates,
provokes, or excites.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His feelings had been exasperated by the constant
application of <i>stimulants</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol. & Med.)</i> <def>An agent which
produces a temporary increase of vital activity in the organism, or in
any of its parts; -- sometimes used without qualification to signify
an alcoholic beverage used as a stimulant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stim"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Stimulated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Stimulating</u>.] [L. <i>stimulatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>stimulare</i> to prick or goad on, to incite, fr. <i>stimulus</i> a
goad. See <u>Stimulus</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To excite as if
with a goad; to excite, rouse, or animate, to action or more vigorous
exertion by some pungent motive or by persuasion; as, to
<i>stimulate</i> one by the hope of reward, or by the prospect of
glory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To excite and <i>stimulate</i> us
thereunto.</blockquote> <i>Dr. J. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>To excite; to irritate;
especially, to excite the activity of (a nerve or an irritable
muscle), as by electricity.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To animate; incite; encourage; impel; urge;
instigate; irritate; exasperate; incense.</p>

<p><hw>Stim`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stimulatio</i>: cf. F. <i>stimulation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of stimulating, or the state of being
stimulated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The irritating action of
various agents (stimuli) on muscles, nerves, or a sensory end organ,
by which activity is evoked; especially, the nervous impulse produced
by various agents on nerves, or a sensory end organ, by which the part
connected with the nerve is thrown into a state of activity;
irritation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stim"u*la*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
quality of stimulating.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
stimulates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stim"u*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F.
<i>stimulateur</i>.] <def>One who stimulates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stim"u*la`tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
stimulates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stim"u*lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The theory of medical practice which regarded
life as dependent upon stimulation, or excitation, and disease as
caused by excess or deficiency in the amount of stimulation.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The practice of treating disease by alcoholic
stimulants.</def>  <i>Dr. H. Hartshorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stim"u*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stimuli</b></plw> (#). [L., for <i>stigmulus</i>, akin to L.
<i>instigare</i> to stimulate. See <u>Instigare</u>, <u>Stick</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A goad; hence,
something that rouses the mind or spirits; an incentive; as, the hope
of gain is a powerful <i>stimulus</i> to labor and action.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which excites or produces a temporary
increase of vital action, either in the whole organism or in any of
its parts; especially <i>(Physiol.)</i>, any substance or agent
capable of evoking the activity of a nerve or irritable muscle, or
capable of producing an impression upon a sensory organ or more
particularly upon its specific end organ.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Of the stimuli applied to the sensory apparatus,
physiologists distinguish two kinds: (<i>a</i>) <i>Homologous
stimuli</i>, which act only upon the end organ, and for whose action
the sense organs are especially adapted, as the rods and cones of the
retina for the vibrations of the either. (<i>b</i>) <i>Heterologous
stimuli</i>, which are mechanical, chemical, electrical, etc., and act
upon the nervous elements of the sensory apparatus along their entire
course, producing, for example, the flash of light beheld when the eye
is struck.  <i>Landois & Stirling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sting</i> a sting.
See <u>Sting</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any sharp organ of offense and defense,
especially when connected with a poison gland, and adapted to inflict
a wound by piercing; as the caudal <i>sting</i> of a scorpion. The
sting of a bee or wasp is a modified ovipositor. The caudal sting, or
spine, of a sting ray is a modified dorsal fin ray. The term is
sometimes applied to the fang of a serpent. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Scorpion</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A sharp-pointed hollow hair
seated on a gland which secrets an acrid fluid, as in nettles. The
points of these hairs usually break off in the wound, and the acrid
fluid is pressed into it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything that gives acute pain, bodily or
mental; as, the <i>stings</i> of remorse; the <i>stings</i> of
reproach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sting</i> of death is sin.</blockquote> <i>1
Cor. xv. 56.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The thrust of a sting into the flesh; the
act of stinging; a wound inflicted by stinging.</def> "The lurking
serpent's mortal <i>sting</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A goad; incitement.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The point of an epigram or other sarcastic
saying.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sting moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an Australian
moth (<i>Doratifera vulnerans</i>) whose larva is armed, at each end
of the body, with four tubercles bearing powerful stinging
organs.</cd> -- <col><b>Sting ray</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See under 6th <u>Ray</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sting winkle</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a spinose marine univalve shell of the genus
Murex, as the European species (<i>Murex erinaceus</i>). See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Murex</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sting</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stung</u> (?) (Archaic <u>Stang</u> (&?;)); <pos><i>p.
pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Stinging</u>.] [AS. <i>stingan</i>; akin to
Icel. & Sw. <i>stinga</i>, Dan. <i>stinge</i>, and probably to E.
<i>stick</i>, v.t.; cf. Goth. us<i>stiggan</i> to put out, pluck out.
Cf. <u>Stick</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
pierce or wound with a sting; as, bees will <i>sting</i> an animal
that irritates them; the nettles <i>stung</i> his hands.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pain acutely; as, the conscience is
<i>stung</i> with remorse; to bite.</def> "Slander <i>stings</i> the
brave."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To goad; to incite, as by taunts or
reproaches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sting`a*ree"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any sting ray. See under 6th <u>Ray</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sting"bull`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European greater weever fish (<i>Trachinus draco</i>), which
is capable of inflicting severe wounds with the spinous rays of its
dorsal fin. See <u>Weever</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sting"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, stings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Professor E. Forbes states that only a small minority
of the medus&aelig; of our seas are <i>stingers</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sting"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The weever.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stin"gi*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a stingy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stin"gi*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being stingy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sting"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Piercing, or
capable of piercing, with a sting; inflicting acute pain as if with a
sting, goad, or pointed weapon; pungent; biting; as, <i>stinging</i>
cold; a <i>stinging</i> rebuke.</def> -- <wf>Sting"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Stinging cell</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as
<i>Lasso cell</i>, under <u>Lasso</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sting"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
sting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stin"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Sting</u>.]
<def>Old beer; sharp or strong liquor.</def> [Old Slang]</p>

<p><blockquote>Shall I set a cup of old <i>stingo</i> at your
elbow?</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sting"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A sting ray.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sting"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stinging; able to
sting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stin"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Stingier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Stingiest</u>.] [Probably from
<i>sting</i>, and meaning originally, stinging; hence, biting, nipping
(of the wind), churlish, avaricious; or cf. E. <i>skinch</i>.]
<def>Extremely close and covetous; meanly avaricious; niggardly;
miserly; penurious; as, a <i>stingy</i> churl.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>stingy</i>, narrow-hearted fellow that had a deal
of choice fruit, had not the heart to touch it till it began to be
rotten.</blockquote> <i>L'estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stink</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stunk</u> (?), <u>Stank</u> (&?;), <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Stinking</u>.] [AS. <i>stinkan</i> to have a smell
(whether good or bad); akin to OHG. <i>stinchan</i>, G. & D.
<i>stinken</i> to stink; of uncertain origin; cf. Icel.
<i>st&ouml;kkva</i> to leap, to spring, Goth. <i>stigqan</i> to push,
strike, or Gr. &?; rancid.  Cf. <u>Stench</u>.] <def>To emit a strong,
offensive smell; to send out a disgusting odor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stink</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to stink; to
affect by a stink.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stink</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>stinc</i>.] <def>A
strong, offensive smell; a disgusting odor; a stench.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fire stink</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Fire</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Stink-fire lance</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Lance</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Stink rat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the musk
turtle.</cd> [Local, U.S.] -- <col><b>Stink shad</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the gizzard shad.</cd> [Local, U.S.] --
<col><b>Stink trap</b></col>, <cd>a stench trap. See under
<u>Stench</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stink"ard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A mean, stinking, paltry fellow.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The teledu of the East
Indies. It emits a disagreeable odor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stink"ball`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A composition
of substances which in combustion emit a suffocating odor; -- used
formerly in naval warfare.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stink"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, stinks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of the several
species of large antarctic petrels which feed on blubber and carrion
and have an offensive odor, as the giant fulmar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stink"horn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
kind of fungus of the genus <i>Phallus</i>, which emits a fetid
odor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stink"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Stink</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Stinking badger</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
teledu.</cd> -- <col><b>Stinking cedar</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>the California nutmeg tree; also, a related tree of Florida
(<i>Torreya taxifolia</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stink"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a stinking
manner; with an offensive smell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stink"pot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An earthen jar charged with powder, grenades, and other materials
of an offensive and suffocating smell, -- sometimes used in boarding
an enemy's vessel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vessel in which disinfectants are
burned.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The musk turtle, or
musk tortoise. See under <u>Musk</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stink"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>One of the varieties of calcite, barite, and feldspar, which emit
a fetid odor on being struck; -- called also
<i>swinestone</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stink"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Stramonium. See <u>Jamestown weed</u>, and
<u>Datura</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1416 !></p>

<p><hw>Stink"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
name given to several kinds of wood with an unpleasant smell, as that
of the <i>F&oelig;tidia Mauritiana</i> of the Mauritius, and that of
the South African <i>Ocotea bullata</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stint</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any one of several species of small
sandpipers, as the sanderling of Europe and America, the dunlin, the
little stint of India (<i>Tringa minuta</i>), etc. Called also
<i>pume</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A phalarope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stint</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stinted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stinting</u>.] [OE. <i>stinten</i>, <i>stenten</i>, <i>stunten</i>,
to cause to cease, AS. <i>styntan</i> (in comp.) to blunt, dull, fr.
<i>stunt</i> dull, stupid; akin to Icel. <i>stytta</i> to shorten,
<i>stuttr</i> short, dial, Sw. <i>stynta</i> to shorten, <i>stunt</i>
short.  Cf. <u>Stent</u>, <u>Stunt</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
restrain within certain limits; to bound; to confine; to restrain; to
restrict to a scant allowance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall not go about to extenuate the latitude of the
curse upon the earth, or <i>stint</i> it only to the production of
weeds.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>stints</i> them in their meals.</blockquote>
<i>Law.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put an end to; to stop.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To assign a certain (<i>i. e.</i>, limited)
task to (a person), upon the performance of which one is excused from
further labor for the day or for a certain time; to stent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To serve successfully; to get with foal; --
said of mares.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The majority of maiden mares will become <i>stinted</i>
while at work.</blockquote> <i>J. H. Walsh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stint</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To stop; to
cease.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>They can not <i>stint</i> till no thing be
left.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>stint</i> thou too, I pray thee.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The damsel <i>stinted</i> in her song.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stint</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Also written <i>stent</i>.
See <u>Stint</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Limit; bound; restraint; extent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God has wrote upon no created thing the utmost
<i>stint</i> of his power.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Quantity or task assigned; proportion
allotted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His old <i>stint</i> -- three thousand pounds a
year.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stint"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Restraint;
stoppage.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stint"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being stinted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stint"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, stints.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stint"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without stint or
restraint.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>stintless</i>tears of old
Heraclitus.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stipe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stipes</i> a stock,
post, branch: cf. F. <i>stipe</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The stalk or petiole of a frond, as of a fern.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The stalk of a pistil.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The trunk of a tree.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The stem of a fungus or mushroom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sti"pel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Stipule</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The stipule of a leaflet.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sti*pel"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having stipels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sti"pend</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stipendium</i>;
<i>stips</i>, gen. <i>stipis</i>, a gift, donation, given in small
coin + <i>pendere</i> to weigh or pay out.] <def>Settled pay or
compensation for services, whether paid daily, monthly, or
annually.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sti"pend</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pay by settled
wages.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sti*pen`di*a"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Acting
from mercenary considerations; stipendiary.</def>  <i>A.
Seward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sti*pen"di*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stipendiarius</i>: cf. F. <i>stipendiaire</i>.] <def>Receiving
wages, or salary; performing services for a stated price or
compensation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His great <i>stipendiary</i> prelates came with troops
of evil-appointed horseman not half full.</blockquote>
<i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sti*pen"di*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stipendiaries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who receives a
stipend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If thou art become<BR>
A tyrant's vile <i>stipendiary</i>.</blockquote> <i>Glover.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sti*pen"di*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stipendiatus</i>, p. p. of <i>stipendiari</i> to receive pay.]
<def>To provide with a stipend, or salary; to support; to pay.</def>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is good to endow colleges, and to found chairs, and
to <i>stipendiate</i> professors.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sti"pend*less</hw> (st&imacr;"p&ebreve;nd*l&ebreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no stipend.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sti"pes</hw> (-p&emacr;z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stipites</b></plw> (#). [L., a stock.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The second joint of a maxilla of an insect or
a crustacean.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An eyestalk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stip"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>stipitatus</i>, from L. <i>stipes</i>, gen. <i>stipitis</i>, a
stock. See <u>Stipe</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Supported by a stipe;
elevated on a stipe, as the fronds of most ferns, or the pod of
certain cruciferous plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stip"i*ti*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Stipes</i> +
<i>-form</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the shape of a stalk;
stalklike.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stip"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stippled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stippling</u> (?).] [D. <i>stippelen</i> to make points, to spot,
dot, from <i>stippel</i>, dim. of <i>stip</i> a dot, spot.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To engrave by means of dots, in distinction
from engraving in lines.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The interlaying of small pieces can not altogether
avoid a broken, <i>stippled</i>, spotty effect.</blockquote>
<i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To paint, as in water colors, by small,
short touches which together produce an even or softly graded
surface.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stip"ple</hw> (?), <hw>Stip"pling</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Engraving)</i> <def>A mode of execution which
produces the effect by dots or small points instead of
lines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>A mode of execution in
which a flat or even tint is produced by many small touches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stip"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>See <u>Styptic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stip"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Stipulas</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Stipul&aelig;</b></plw>
(#). [L., a stalk, stem.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
stipule.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A newly sprouted
feather.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stip`u*la"ceous</hw> (?), <hw>Stip"u*lar</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>stipulac&eacute;</i>,
<i>stipulaire</i>. See <u>Stipula</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to stipules; resembling stipules; furnished with stipules;
growing on stipules, or close to them; occupying the position of
stipules; as, <i>stipular</i> glands and <i>stipular</i>
tendrils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stip"u*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to stipules; stipular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stip"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Furnished with stipules; as, a <i>stipulate</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stip"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Stipulated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Stipulating</u>.] [L. <i>stipulatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>stipulari</i> to stipulate, fr. OL. <i>stipulus</i> firm, fast;
probably akin to L. <i>stipes</i> a post.  Cf. <u>Stiff</u>.] <def>To
make an agreement or covenant with any person or company to do or
forbear anything; to bargain; to contract; to settle terms; as,
certain princes <i>stipulated</i> to assist each other in resisting
the armies of France.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stip`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stipulatio</i>: cf. F. <i>stipulation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of stipulating; a contracting or bargaining; an
agreement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is stipulated, or agreed upon;
that which is definitely arranged or contracted; an agreement; a
covenant; a contract or bargain; also, any particular article, item,
or condition, in a mutual agreement; as, the <i>stipulations</i> of
the allied powers to furnish each his contingent of troops.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A material article of an
agreement; an undertaking in the nature of bail taken in the admiralty
courts; a bargain.</def>  <i>Bouvier. Wharton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Agreement; contract; engagement. See
<u>Covenant</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Stip`u*la"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Stipule</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The situation, arrangement, and structure of the
stipules.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stip"u*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
stipulates, contracts, or covenants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stip"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stipula</i> a
stalk, stem, straw: cf. F. <i>stipule</i>.  Cf. <u>Stubble</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An appendage at the base of petioles or leaves,
usually somewhat resembling a small leaf in texture and
appearance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stip"uled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Furnished with stipules, or leafy appendages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stir</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stirred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stirring</u>.] [OE. <i>stiren</i>, <i>steren</i>, <i>sturen</i>,
AS. <i>styrian</i>; probably akin to D. <i>storen</i> to disturb, G.
<i>st&ouml;ren</i>, OHG. <i>st&omacr;ren</i> to scatter, destroy.
&radic;166.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To change the place of in any
manner; to move.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My foot I had never yet in five days been able to
<i>stir</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To disturb the relative position of the
particles of, as of a liquid, by passing something through it; to
agitate; as, to <i>stir</i> a pudding with a spoon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My mind is troubled, like a fountain
<i>stirred</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bring into debate; to agitate; to
moot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Stir</i> not questions of jurisdiction.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To incite to action; to arouse; to
instigate; to prompt; to excite.</def> "To <i>stir</i> men to
devotion."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An Ate, <i>stirring</i> him to blood and
strife.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And for her sake some mutiny will
<i>stir</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In all senses except the first, <i>stir</i> is often
followed by <i>up</i> with an intensive effect; as, to <i>stir</i> up
fire; to <i>stir</i> up sedition.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To move; incite; awaken; rouse; animate; stimulate;
excite; provoke.</p>

<p><hw>Stir</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
move; to change one's position.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I had not power to <i>stir</i> or strive,<BR>
But felt that I was still alive.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be in motion; to be active or bustling;
to exert or busy one's self.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All are not fit with them to <i>stir</i> and
toil.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The friends of the unfortunate exile, far from
resenting his unjust suspicions, were <i>stirring</i> anxiously in his
behalf.</blockquote> <i>Merivale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To become the object of notice; to be on
foot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They fancy they have a right to talk freely upon
everything that <i>stirs</i> or appears.</blockquote> <i>I.
Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To rise, or be up, in the morning.</def>
[Colloq.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stir</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
or result of stirring; agitation; tumult; bustle; noise or various
movements.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why all these words, this clamor, and this
<i>stir</i>?</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Consider, after so much <i>stir</i> about genus and
species, how few words we have yet settled definitions
of.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Public disturbance or commotion; tumultuous
disorder; seditious uproar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Being advertised of some <i>stirs</i> raised by his
unnatural sons in England.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Agitation of thoughts; conflicting
passions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stir"a*bout`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dish formed
of oatmeal boiled in water to a certain consistency and frequently
stirred, or of oatmeal and dripping mixed together and stirred about
in a pan; a hasty pudding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stir"i*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stiria</i>
an icicle.] <def>Adorned with pendants like icicles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stir"i*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stiria an
icicle</i>.] <def>Resembling icicles.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stirk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>stric</i>, from
<i>ste&oacute;r</i> a steer. See <u>Steer</u> a young ox.] <def>A
young bullock or heifer.</def> [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stir"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without stirring;
very quiet; motionless.</def> "Lying helpless and <i>stirless</i>."
<i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stirp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stirps</i>,
<i>stirpis</i>.] <def>Stock; race; family.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stir"pi*cul`ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stirps</i>, <i>stirpis</i>, stem, stock, race + <i>cultura</i>
culture.] <def>The breeding of special stocks or races.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stirps</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stirpes</b></plw> (#). [L., stem, stock.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>Stock; race; family.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A race, or a fixed and
permanent variety.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stir"rage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
stirring; stir; commotion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>T. Granger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stir"rer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, stirs something; also, one who moves about, especially after
sleep; as, an early <i>stirrer</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Stirrer up</b></col>, <cd>an instigator or inciter.</cd>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stir"ring</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Putting in
motion, or being in motion; active; active in business; habitually
employed in some kind of business; accustomed to a busy
life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A more <i>stirring</i> and intellectual age than any
which had gone before it.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Animating; arousing; awakening; stimulating;
quickening; exciting.</p>

<p><hw>Stir"rup</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stirop</i>, AS.
<i>stigr&amacr;p</i>; <i>st&imacr;gan</i> to mount, ascend +
<i>r&amacr;p</i> a rope; akin to G. <i>stegreif</i> a stirrup.
&radic;164. See <u>Sty</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and <u>Rope</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of ring, or bent piece of metal, wood,
leather, or the like, horizontal in one part for receiving the foot of
a rider, and attached by a strap to the saddle, -- used to assist a
person in mounting a horse, and to enable him to sit steadily in
riding, as well as to relieve him by supporting a part of the weight
of the body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our host upon his <i>stirpoes</i> stood
anon.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Carp. & Mach.)</i> <def>Any piece resembling
in shape the stirrup of a saddle, and used as a support, clamp, etc.
See <u>Bridle iron</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A rope secured to a yard,
with a thimble in its lower end for supporting a footrope.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Stirrup bone</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the stapes.</cd>
-- <col><b>Stirrup cup</b></col>, <cd>a parting cup taken after
mounting.</cd> -- <col><b>Stirrup iron</b></col>, <cd>an iron
stirrup.</cd> -- <col><b>Stirrup leather</b></col>, or <col><b>Stirrup
strap</b></col>, <cd>the strap which attaches a stirrup to the saddle.
See <u>Stirrup</u>, 1.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stirt</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Start</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>Started; leaped.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They privily be <i>stirt</i> into a well.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stir"te</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Start</u>, <pos><i>v. i. & t.</i></pos></def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stitch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stiche</i>, AS.
<i>stice</i> a pricking, akin to <i>stician</i> to prick. See
<u>Stick</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
single pass of a needle in sewing; the loop or turn of the thread thus
made.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A single turn of the thread round a needle
in knitting; a link, or loop, of yarn; as, to let down, or drop, a
<i>stitch</i>; to take up a <i>stitch</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Cf. OE. <i>sticche</i>, <i>stecche</i>,
<i>stucche</i>, a piece, AS. <i>stycce</i>.  Cf. <u>Stock</u>.] <def>A
space of work taken up, or gone over, in a single pass of the needle;
hence, by extension, any space passed over; distance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You have gone a good <i>stitch</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In Syria the husbandmen go lightly over with their
plow, and take no deep <i>stitch</i> in making their
furrows.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A local sharp pain; an acute pain, like the
piercing of a needle; as, a <i>stitch</i> in the side.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was taken with a cold and with <i>stitches</i>,
which was, indeed, a pleurisy.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A contortion, or twist.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If you talk,<BR>
Or pull your face into a <i>stitch</i> again,<BR>
I shall be angry.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Any least part of a fabric or dress; as, to
wet every <i>stitch</i> of clothes.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A furrow.</def>  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Chain stitch</b></col>, <col><b>Lock stitch</b></col>.
<cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Pearl</b></col>, or
<col><b>Purl stitch</b></col>. <cd>See 2nd <u>Purl</u>, 2.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stitch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stitched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stitching</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form stitches in;
especially, to sew in such a manner as to show on the surface a
continuous line of stitches; as, to <i>stitch</i> a shirt
bosom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sew, or unite together by stitches; as,
to <i>stitch</i> printed sheets in making a book or a
pamphlet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>To form land into
ridges.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To stitch up</b></col>, <cd>to mend or unite with a needle
and thread; as, <i>to stitch up</i> a rent; <i>to stitch up</i> an
artery.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stitch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To practice
stitching, or needlework.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stitch"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of hairy
wool.</def> [Prov.]</p>

<p><hw>Stitch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who stitches;
a seamstress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stitch"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Needlework; --
in contempt.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stitch"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who stitches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Work done by sewing, esp. when a continuous
line of stitches is shown on the surface; stitches,
collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stitch"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Stichwort</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stith</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>st&imacr;&eth;</i>.] <def>Strong; stiff; rigid.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stith</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>ste&eth;i</i> an
anvil, akin to <i>sta&eth;r</i> place. See <u>Stead</u>.] <def>An
anvil; a stithy.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He invented also pincers, hammers, iron crows, and the
anvil, or <i>stith</i>.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stith"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Stith</u>, and
cf. <u>Stiddy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An anvil.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A smith's shop; a smithy; a smithery; a
forge.</def> "As foul as Vulcan's <i>stithy</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stith"y</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To forge on an
anvil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The forge that <i>stithied</i> Mars his
helm.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stive</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stived</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stiving</u>.] [Probably fr. F. <i>estiver</i> to compress, stow, L.
<i>stipare</i>: cf. It. <i>stivare</i>, Sp. <i>estivar</i>.  Cf.
<u>Stevedore</u>, <u>Stiff</u>.] <def>To stuff; to crowd; to fill
full; hence, to make hot and close; to render stifling.</def>
<i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His chamber was commonly <i>stived</i> with friends or
suitors of one kind or other.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stive</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be stifled or
suffocated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The floating dust in
flour mills caused by the operation or grinding.</def>  <i>De
Colange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sti"ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>stuiver</i>; akin
to G. <i>st&uuml;ber</i>, Dan. <i>styver</i>, Sw. <i>styfver</i>.]
<def>A Dutch coin, and money of account, of the value of two cents, or
about one penny sterling; hence, figuratively, anything of little
worth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stives</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [OE. See
<u>Stew</u>.] <def>Stews; a brothel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stoak</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>stocken</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To stop; to choke.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stoat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stot</i> a stoat,
horse, bullock; perhaps originally only of male animals, and akin to
D. <i>stooten</i> to push, E. <i>stutter</i>; cf. Icel. <i>st&?;tr</i>
a bull, Sw. <i>stut</i> a bullock.  Cf. <u>Stot</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The ermine in its summer pelage, when it is
reddish brown, but with a black tip to the tail. The name is sometimes
applied also to other brown weasels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto"cah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir. & Gael.
<i>stocach</i> an idle fellow who lives on the industry of others, a
lounger.] <def>A menial attendant.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stoc*cade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. & v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Stockade</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stoc*ca"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>estocade</i>,
fr. Sp. <i>estocada</i>, or It. <i>stoccata</i>, from Sp.
<i>estoque</i>, or It. <i>stocco</i>, a rapier, fr. G. <i>stock</i> a
stick. See <u>Stock</u>.] <def>A stab; a thrust with a rapier.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1417 !></p>

<p><hw>Sto*chas"tic</hw> (st&osl;*k&abreve;s"t&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>stochastiko`s</grk>, from
<grk>stocha`zesqai</grk> to aim, to guess, fr. <grk>sto`chos</grk>
mark or aim.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Conjectural; able to
conjecture.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Whitefoot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stock</hw> (st&obreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>stocc</i> a stock, trunk, stick; akin to D. <i>stok</i>, G.
<i>stock</i>, OHG. <i>stoc</i>, Icel. <i>stokkr</i>, Sw. <i>stock</i>,
Dan. <i>stok</i>, and AS. <i>stycce</i> a piece; cf. Skr. <i>tuj</i>
to urge, thrust.  Cf. <u>Stokker</u>, <u>Stucco</u>, and <u>Tuck</u> a
rapier.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The stem, or main body, of a tree or
plant; the fixed, strong, firm part; the trunk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though the root thereof wax old in the earth, and the
<i>stock</i> thereof die in the ground, yet through the scent of water
it will bud, and bring forth boughs like a plant.</blockquote> <i>Job
xiv. 8,9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The stem or branch in which a graft is
inserted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The scion overruleth the <i>stock</i>
quite.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A block of wood; something fixed and solid;
a pillar; a firm support; a post.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All our fathers worshiped <i>stocks</i> and
stones.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Item, for a <i>stock</i> of brass for the holy water,
seven shillings; which, by the canon, must be of marble or metal, and
in no case of brick.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a person who is as dull and lifeless
as a stock or post; one who has little sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let's be no stoics, nor no <i>stocks</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The principal supporting part; the part in
which others are inserted, or to which they are attached.</def>
Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The wood to which the barrel, lock, etc.,
of a musket or like firearm are secured; also, a long, rectangular
piece of wood, which is an important part of several forms of gun
carriage.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The handle or contrivance by which bits
are held in boring; a bitstock; a brace.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Joinery)</i> <def>The block of wood or
metal frame which constitutes the body of a plane, and in which the
plane iron is fitted; a plane stock.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The wooden or iron
crosspiece to which the shank of an anchor is attached. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Anchor</u>.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>The support of the block in which an anvil
is fixed, or of the anvil itself.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>A handle or wrench forming a holder for
the dies for cutting screws; a diestock.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <def>The part of a tally formerly struck in the
exchequer, which was delivered to the person who had lent the king
money on account, as the evidence of indebtedness. See
<u>Counterfoil</u>.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The original progenitor; also, the race or
line of a family; the progenitor of a family and his direct
descendants; lineage; family.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And stand betwixt them made, when, severally,<BR>
All told their <i>stock</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy mother was no goddess, nor thy <i>stock</i><BR>
From Dardanus.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Money or capital which an individual or a
firm employs in business; fund; in the United States, the capital of a
bank or other company, in the form of transferable shares, each of a
certain amount; money funded in government securities, called also
<i>the public funds</i>; in the plural, property consisting of shares
in joint-stock companies, or in the obligations of a government for
its funded debt; -- so in the United States, but in England the latter
only are called <i>stocks</i>, and the former <i>shares</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Bookkeeping)</i> <def>Same as <i>Stock
account</i>, below.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Supply provided; store; accumulation;
especially, a merchant's or manufacturer's store of goods; as, to lay
in a <i>stock</i> of provisions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Add to that <i>stock</i> which justly we
bestow.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>Domestic animals or beasts
collectively, used or raised on a farm; as, a <i>stock</i> of cattle
or of sheep, etc.; -- called also <i>live stock</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>That portion of a
pack of cards not distributed to the players at the beginning of
certain games, as gleek, etc., but which might be drawn from afterward
as occasion required; a bank.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I must buy the <i>stock</i>; send me good
cardings.</blockquote> <i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>A thrust with a rapier; a stoccado.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> [Cf. <u>Stocking</u>.] <def>A covering for the
leg, or leg and foot; as, upper <i>stocks</i> (breeches); nether
<i>stocks</i> (stockings).</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With a linen <i>stock</i> on one leg.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>A kind of stiff, wide band or cravat for
the neck; as, a silk <i>stock</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A frame of timber, with holes
in which the feet, or the feet and hands, of criminals were formerly
confined by way of punishment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He shall rest in my <i>stocks</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>The frame
or timbers on which a ship rests while building.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>17.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Red and gray bricks, used for
the exterior of walls and the front of buildings.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>18.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any cruciferous plant of the
genus <i>Matthiola</i>; as, common <i>stock</i> (<i>Matthiola
incana</i>) (see <u>Gilly-flower</u>); ten-weeks <i>stock</i> (<i>M.
annua</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>19.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>An irregular metalliferous
mass filling a large cavity in a rock formation, as a <i>stock</i> of
lead ore deposited in limestone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>20.</b></sn> <def>A race or variety in a species.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>21.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>In tectology, an aggregate
or colony of persons (see <u>Person</u>), as trees, chains of
salp&aelig;, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>22.</b></sn> <def>The beater of a fulling mill.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>23.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A liquid or jelly
containing the juices and soluble parts of meat, and certain
vegetables, etc., extracted by cooking; -- used in making soup, gravy,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bit stock</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Bitstock</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Dead stock</b></col> <i>(Agric.)</i>, <cd>the implements of
husbandry, and produce stored up for use; -- in distinction from
<i>live stock</i>, or the domestic animals on the farm. See def. 10,
above.</cd> -- <col><b>Head stock</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Headstock</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Paper stock</b></col>, <cd>rags and
other material of which paper is made.</cd> -- <col><b>Stock
account</b></col> <i>(Bookkeeping)</i>, <cd>an account on a merchant's
ledger, one side of which shows the original capital, or stock, and
the additions thereto by accumulation or contribution, the other side
showing the amounts withdrawn.</cd> -- <col><b>Stock car</b></col>,
<cd>a railway car for carrying cattle.</cd> -- <col><b>Stock
company</b></col> <i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>an incorporated company the
capital of which is represented by marketable shares having a certain
equal par value.</cd> -- <col><b>Stock duck</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the mallard.</cd> -- <col><b>Stock
exchange</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The building or place
where stocks are bought and sold; stock market; hence, transactions of
all kinds in stocks</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An association or
body of stockbrokers who meet and transact business by certain
recognized forms, regulations, and usages</cd>. <i>Wharton. Brande &
C.</i> -- <col><b>Stock farmer</b></col>, <cd>a farmer who makes it
his business to rear live stock.</cd> -- <col><b>Stock
gillyflower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the common stock. See
<u>Stock</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 18.</cd> -- <col><b>Stock
gold</b></col>, <cd>gold laid up so as to form a stock, or hoard.</cd>
-- <col><b>Stock in trade</b></col>, <cd>the goods kept for sale by a
shopkeeper; the fittings and appliances of a workman.</cd>
<i>Simmonds.</i> -- <col><b>Stock list</b></col>, <cd>a list of
stocks, or shares, dealt in, of transactions, and of prices.</cd> --
<col><b>Stock lock</b></col>, <cd>a lock inclosed in a wooden case and
attached to the face of a door.</cd> -- <col><b>Stock
market</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A place where stocks are
bought and sold; the stock exchange</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
market for live stock.</cd> -- <col><b>Stock pigeon</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as <u>Stockdove</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Stock purse</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A common purse,
as distinguished from a private purse.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>Moneys saved out of the expenses of a company or
regiment, and applied to objects of common interest</cd>. [Eng.] --
<col><b>Stock shave</b></col>, <cd>a tool used by blockmakers.</cd> --
<col><b>Stock station</b></col>, <cd>a place or district for rearing
stock.</cd> [Australia] <i>W. Howitt.</i> -- <col><b>Stock
tackle</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a tackle used when the anchor is
hoisted and secured, to keep its stock clear of the ship's sides.</cd>
<i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>Stock taking</b></col>, <cd>an examination
and inventory made of goods or stock in a shop or warehouse; --
usually made periodically.</cd> -- <col><b>Tail stock</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Tailstock</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To have something on the
stock</b></col>, <cd>to be at work at something.</cd> -- <col><b>To
take stock</b></col>, <cd>to take account of stock; to make an
inventory of stock or goods on hand.</cd> <i>Dickens.</i> --
<col><b>To take stock in</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
subscribe for, or purchase, shares in a stock company.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To put faith in; to accept as trustworthy; as,
<i>to take stock in</i> a person's fidelity</cd>. [Slang] --
<col><b>To take stock of</b></col>, <cd>to take account of the stock
of; to take an inventory of; hence, to ascertain the facts in regard
to (something).</cd> [Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>At the outset of any inquiry it is proper <i>to take
stock of</i> the results obtained by previous explorers of the same
field.</blockquote> <i>Leslie Stephen.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fund; capital; store; supply; accumulation; hoard;
provision.</p>

<p><hw>Stock</hw> (st&obreve;k), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Stocked</u> (st&obreve;kt); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Stocking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay up; to
put aside for future use; to store, as merchandise, and the
like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To provide with material requisites; to
store; to fill; to supply; as, to <i>stock</i> a warehouse, that is,
to fill it with goods; to <i>stock</i> a farm, that is, to supply it
with cattle and tools; to <i>stock</i> land, that is, to occupy it
with a permanent growth, especially of grass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To suffer to retain milk for twenty-four
hours or more previous to sale, as cows.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To put in the stocks.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To stock an anchor</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to fit it
with a stock, or to fasten the stock firmly in place.</cd> --
<col><b>To stock cards</b></col> <i>(Card Playing)</i>, <cd>to arrange
cards in a certain manner for cheating purposes.</cd> [Cant] --
<col><b>To stock down</b></col> <i>(Agric.)</i>, <cd>to sow, as plowed
land, with grass seed, in order that it may become swarded, and
produce grass.</cd> -- <col><b>To stock up</b></col>, <cd>to
extirpate; to dig up.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stock</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Used or employed for
constant service or application, as if constituting a portion of a
stock or supply; standard; permanent; standing; as, a <i>stock</i>
actor; a <i>stock</i> play; a <i>stock</i> sermon.</def> "A
<i>stock</i> charge against Raleigh."  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Stock company</b></col> <i>(Theater)</i>, <cd>a company of
actors regularly employed at one theater, or permanently acting
together in various plays under one management.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stock*ade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>estacade</i>
stockade, boom (confused in French with <i>estocade</i>; see 1st
<u>Stoccado</u>); fr. It. <i>steccata</i> a palisade (influenced by
OF. <i>estach</i>, <i>estaque</i>, a stake, post), or from Sp.
<i>estacada</i> a palisade; both of German origin, and akin to E.
<i>stake</i>, <i>stick</i>; cf. G. <i>stecken</i> stick, OHG.
<i>steccho</i>. See <u>Stake</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Stick</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> & <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Estacade</u>, <u>Stacket</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>A line of stout posts or timbers set firmly in the earth in
contact with each other (and usually with loopholes) to form a
barrier, or defensive fortification.</def> [Written also
<i>stoccade</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An inclosure, or pen, made with posts and
stakes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stock*ade"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stockaded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stockading</u>.] <def>To surround, fortify, or protect with a
stockade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stock"-blind`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Blind as a
stock; wholly blind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stock"bro`ker</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A broker who
deals in stocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stock"dove`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A common European wild pigeon (<i>Columba &aelig;nas</i>), so
called because at one time believed to be the stock of the domestic
pigeon, or, according to some, from its breeding in the stocks, or
trunks, of trees.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is applied, also, to other related species, as the
Indian <i>stockdove</i> (<i>Palumb&aelig;na Eversmanni</i>).</p>

<p><hw>Stock"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes or
fits stocks, as of guns or gun carriages, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stock"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D.
<i>stokvisch</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Salted and dried fish,
especially codfish, hake, ling, and torsk; also, codfish dried without
being salted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Young fresh
cod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stock"hold`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is a
holder or proprietor of stock in the public funds, or in the funds of
a bank or other stock company.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stock`i*net"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An elastic
textile fabric imitating knitting, of which stockings, under-garments,
etc., are made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stock"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Stock</u>,
which was formerly used of a covering for the legs and feet, combining
breeches, or upper stocks, and <i>stockings</i>, or nether stocks.]
<def>A close-fitting covering for the foot and leg, usually knit or
woven.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Blue stocking</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Bluestocking</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Stocking frame</b></col>, <cd>a machine for knitting
stockings or other hosiery goods.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stock"ing</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To dress in
GBs.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stock"ing*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stocking
weaver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stock"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a stock; stupid;
blockish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Since naught so <i>stockish</i>, hard, and full of
rage,<BR>
But music for the time doth change his nature.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stock"job`ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stock</i> +
<i>job</i>.] <def>One who speculates in stocks for gain; one whose
occupation is to buy and sell stocks. In England a jobber acts as an
intermediary between brokers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stock"job`bing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
art of dealing in stocks; the business of a stockjobber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stock"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stockmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A herdsman; a ranchman; one
owning, or having charge of, herds of live stock.</def> [Australia &
U.S.]  <i>W. Howitt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stock"-still`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [CF. G. <i>stock-
still</i>.] <def>Still as a stock, or fixed post; perfectly
still.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His whole work stands <i>stock-still</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stock"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>stockwerk</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A system of
working in ore, etc., when it lies not in strata or veins, but in
solid masses, so as to be worked in chambers or stories.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A metalliferous deposit
characterized by the impregnation of the mass of rock with many small
veins or nests irregularly grouped. This kind of deposit is especially
common with tin ore. Such deposits are worked in floors or
stories.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stock"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Stock</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Short and thick; thick rather than tall or
corpulent.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Stocky</i>, twisted, hunchback stems.</blockquote>
<i>Mrs. H. H. Jackson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Headstrong.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>G.
Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stodg"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wet.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>St&oelig;ch`i*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<hw>St&oelig;ch`i*om"e*try</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, etc.
<def>See <u>Stoichiology</u>, <u>Stoichiometry</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stoicus</i>, Gr.
&?;, fr. &?;, adj., literally, of or pertaining to a colonnade, from
&?; a roofed colonnade, a porch, especially, a porch in Athens where
Zeno and his successors taught.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A disciple of
the philosopher Zeno; one of a Greek sect which held that men should
be free from passion, unmoved by joy or grief, and should submit
without complaint to unavoidable necessity, by which all things are
governed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a person not easily excited; an
apathetic person; one who is apparently or professedly indifferent to
pleasure or pain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>Stoic</i> of the woods, a man without a
tear.</blockquote> <i>Campbell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>School of Stoics</b></col>. <cd>See <i>The Porch</i>, under
<u>Porch</u>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sto"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sto"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stoicus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>sto&iuml;que</i>. See <u>Stoic</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the Stoics; resembling the
Stoics or their doctrines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not affected by passion; manifesting
indifference to pleasure or pain.</def> -- <wf>Sto"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Sto"ic*al*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Stoi`chi*o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to stoichiology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stoi`chi*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
first element + <i>-logy</i>.] [Written also
<i>st&oelig;chiology</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That part of the
science of physiology which treats of the elements, or principles,
composing animal tissues.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>The doctrine of the
elementary requisites of mere thought.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The statement or discussion of the first
principles of any science or art.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stoi`chi*o*met"ric</hw> (?), <hw>Stoi`chi*o*met"ric*al</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to stoichiometry;
employed in, or obtained by, stoichiometry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stoi`chi*om"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
first principle, or element + <i>-metry</i>.] <def>The art or process
of calculating the atomic proportions, combining weights, and other
numerical relations of chemical elements and their
compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto"i*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sto&iuml;cisme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The opinions and
maxims of the Stoics.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A real or pretended indifference to
pleasure or pain; insensibility; impassiveness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto*ic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Stoicism.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stoke</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stoken</i>, fr.
D. <i>stoken</i>, fr. <i>stok</i> a stick (cf. OF. <i>estoquier</i> to
thrust, stab; of Teutonic origin, and akin to D. <i>stok</i>). See
<u>Stock</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stick; to thrust; to
stab.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Nor short sword for to <i>stoke</i>, with point
biting.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To poke or stir up, as a fire; hence, to
tend, as the fire of a furnace, boiler, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stoke</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To poke or stir up a
fire; hence, to tend the fires of furnaces, steamers, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stoke"hole`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The mouth to
the grate of a furnace; also, the space in front of the furnace, where
the stokers stand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stok"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. See <u>Stoke</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who is employed
to tend a furnace and supply it with fuel, especially the furnace of a
locomotive or of a marine steam boiler; also, a machine for feeding
fuel to a fire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fire poker.</def> [R.]  <i>C. Richardson
(Dict.).</i></p>

<p><hw>Sto"key</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Close;
sultry.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><! p. 1418 !></p>

<p><hw>||Sto"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stol&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Stole</u> a garment.]
<i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A long garment, descending to the ankles,
worn by Roman women.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>stola</i> was not allowed to be worn by
courtesans, or by women who had been divorced from their
husbands.</blockquote> <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stole</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Steal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stole</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stolo</i>, <i>-
onis</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A stolon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stole</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>stole</i>, L.
<i>stola</i>, Gr. &?; a stole, garment, equipment, fr. &?; to set,
place, equip, send, akin to E. <i>stall</i>. See <u>Stall</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A long, loose garment reaching to the
feet.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But when mild morn, in saffron <i>stole</i>,<BR>
First issues from her eastern goal.</blockquote> <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A narrow band of silk or
stuff, sometimes enriched with embroidery and jewels, worn on the left
shoulder of deacons, and across both shoulders of bishops and priests,
pendent on each side nearly to the ground. At Mass, it is worn crossed
on the breast by priests. It is used in various sacred
functions.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Groom of the stole</b></col>, <cd>the first lord of the
bedchamber in the royal household.</cd> [Eng.] <i>Brande & C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stoled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having or wearing a
stole.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After them flew the prophets, brightly
<i>stoled</i><BR>
In shining lawn.</blockquote> <i>G. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stol"en</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Steal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stol"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stolidus</i>.]
<def>Hopelessly insensible or stupid; not easily aroused or excited;
dull; impassive; foolish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto*lid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stoliditas</i>.] <def>The state or quality of being stolid;
dullness of intellect; obtuseness; stupidity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Indocile, intractable fools, whose <i>stolidity</i> can
baffle all arguments, and be proof against demonstration
itself.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stol"id*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Stolidity</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto"lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stolo</i>, <i>-
onis</i>: cf. F. <i>stolon</i>.  Cf. <u>Stole</u> a stolon, 1st
<u>Stool</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A trailing branch
which is disposed to take root at the end or at the joints; a
stole.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extension of the
integument of the body, or of the body wall, from which buds are
developed, giving rise to new zooids, and thus forming a compound
animal in which the zooids usually remain united by the stolons. Such
stolons are often present in Anthozoa, Hydroidea, Bryozoa, and social
ascidians. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Scyphistoma</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stol`o*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Stolon</i>
+ <i>-ferous</i>: cf. F. <i>stolonif&egrave;re</i>.] <def>Producing
stolons; putting forth suckers.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sto"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stomata</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, a mouth.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the minute apertures
between the cells in many serous membranes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
minute breathing pores of leaves or other organs opening into the
intercellular spaces, and usually bordered by two contractile
cells.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The line of dehiscence of the
sporangium of a fern. It is usually marked by two transversely
elongated cells. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Sporangium</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A stigma. See
<u>Stigma</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 6 <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> &
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stom"ach</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stomak</i>, F.
<i>estomac</i>, L. <i>stomachus</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>sto`machos</grk>
stomach, throat, gullet, fr. <grk>sto`ma</grk> a mouth, any outlet or
entrance.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>An enlargement, or
series of enlargements, in the anterior part of the alimentary canal,
in which food is digested; any cavity in which digestion takes place
in an animal; a digestive cavity. See <u>Digestion</u>, and <i>Gastric
juice</i>, under <u>Gastric</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The desire for food caused by hunger;
appetite; as, a good <i>stomach</i> for roast beef.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence appetite in general; inclination;
desire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He which hath no <i>stomach</i> to this fight,<BR>
Let him depart.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Violence of temper; anger; sullenness;
resentment; willful obstinacy; stubbornness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Stern was his look, and full of <i>stomach</i>
vain.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This sort of crying proceeding from pride, obstinacy,
and <i>stomach</i>, the will, where the fault lies, must be
bent.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Pride; haughtiness; arrogance.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He was a man<BR>
Of an unbounded <i>stomach</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Stomach pump</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a small pump or
syringe with a flexible tube, for drawing liquids from the stomach, or
for injecting them into it.</cd> -- <col><b>Stomach tube</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a long flexible tube for introduction into the
stomach.</cd> -- <col><b>Stomach worm</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the common roundworm (<i>Ascaris lumbricoides</i>) found in the
human intestine, and rarely in the stomach.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stom"ach</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stomached</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stomaching</u>.] [Cf. L. <i>stomachari</i>, v.t. & i., to be angry
or vexed at a thing.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To resent; to remember
with anger; to dislike.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The lion began to show his teeth, and to <i>stomach</i>
the affront.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Parliament sit in that body . . . to be his
counselors and dictators, though he <i>stomach</i> it.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bear without repugnance; to brook.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Stom"ach</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be angry.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stom"ach*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>stomacal</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the
stomach; gastric.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Helping the stomach; stomachic;
cordial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stom"ach*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stomachic.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stom"ach*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who stomachs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> (&?; or &?;) <def>An ornamental covering for the
breast, worn originally both by men and women. Those worn by women
were often richly decorated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A stately lady in a diamond
<i>stomacher</i>.</blockquote> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stom"ach*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Willfully
obstinate; stubborn; perverse.</def> [Obs.] --
<wf>Stom"ach*ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.] --
<wf>Stom"ach*ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sto*mach"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sto*mach"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stomachicus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>stomachique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the
stomach; as, <i>stomachic</i> vessels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Strengthening to the stomach; exciting the
action of the stomach; stomachal; cordial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto*mach"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
medicine that strengthens the stomach and excites its
action.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stom"ach*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Resentment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stom"ach*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Being without a stomach.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having no appetite.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stom"ach*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stomachosus</i> angry, peexish. See <u>Stomach</u>.] <def>Stout;
sullen; obstinate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With stern looks and <i>stomachous</i>
disdain.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stom"ach*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Obstinate;
sullen; haughty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A little, bold, solemn, <i>stomachy</i> man, a great
professor of piety.</blockquote> <i>R. L. Stevenson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sto"ma*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Stomapoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sto*map"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Stoma</u>, and <u>-poda</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of
Crustacea including the squillas. The maxillipeds are leglike in form,
and the large claws are comblike. They have a large and elongated
abdomen, which contains a part of the stomach and heart; the abdominal
appendages are large, and bear the gills. Called also <i>Gastrula</i>,
<i>Stomatopoda</i>, and <i>Squilloidea</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto"mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
stoma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to a stoma; of the nature of a stoma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto*mat"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>sto`ma</grk>,
<grk>-atos</grk>, mouth.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A medicine for diseases
of the mouth.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stom`a*tif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sto`ma</grk>, <grk>-atos</grk> mouth + <i>-ferous</i>.]
<def>Having or producing stomata.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stom`a*ti"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>sto`ma</grk>, <grk>-atos</grk>, mouth + <i>-itis</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the mouth.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stom`a*to"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, &?;, mouth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Protozoa in
which a mouthlike opening exists.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stom`a*to*d&aelig;"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Stomod&aelig;um</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stom"a*tode</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having a mouth; -- applied to certain Protozoa.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Stomatoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stom`a*to*gas"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
&?;, mouth + E. <i>gastric</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the mouth
and the stomach; as, the <i>stomatogastric</i> ganglion of certain
Mollusca.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stom`a*to*plas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
&?;, mouth + <i>-plastic</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
the operation of forming a mouth where the aperture has been
contracted, or in any way deformed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stom"a*to*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Stomatopoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stom`a*top"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Stoma</u>, and <u>-pod</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Stomapoda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stom`a*top"o*dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Stomatopoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stom"a*to*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
mouth + <i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An apparatus for examining
the interior of the mouth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stom"a*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
stoma.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stom`o*d&aelig;"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. &?;, &?;, mouth + &?; to divide.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A part of the alimentary canal. See under
<u>Mesenteron</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The primitive mouth and
esophagus of the embryo of annelids and arthropods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stomp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Stamp</u>.]
<def>To stamp with the foot.</def> [Colloq.] "In gallant procession,
the priests mean to <i>stomp</i>."  <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stond</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>stand</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Stop; halt; hindrance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stand; a post; a station.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stond</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To stand.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ston</i>,
<i>stan</i>, AS. <i>st&amacr;n</i>; akin to OS. & OFries.
<i>st&emacr;n</i>, D. <i>steen</i>, G. <i>stein</i>, Icel.
<i>steinn</i>, Sw. <i>sten</i>, Dan. <i>steen</i>, Goth.
<i>stains</i>, Russ. <i>stiena</i> a wall, Gr. &?;, &?;, a pebble.
&radic;167.  Cf. <u>Steen</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Concreted
earthy or mineral matter; also, any particular mass of such matter;
as, a house built of <i>stone</i>; the boy threw a <i>stone</i>;
pebbles are rounded <i>stones</i>.</def> "Dumb as a <i>stone</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They had brick for <i>stone</i>, and slime . . . for
mortar.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xi. 3.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In popular language, very large masses of stone are called
<i>rocks</i>; small masses are called <i>stones</i>; and the finer
kinds, <i>gravel</i>, or <i>sand</i>, or <i>grains of sand</i>. Stone
is much and widely used in the construction of buildings of all kinds,
for walls, fences, piers, abutments, arches, monuments, sculpture, and
the like.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A precious stone; a gem.</def> "Many a rich
<i>stone</i>." <i>Chaucer.</i> "Inestimable <i>stones</i>, unvalued
jewels." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Something made of stone. Specifically: -
</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The glass of a mirror; a mirror.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lend me a looking-glass;<BR>
If that her breath will mist or stain the <i>stone</i>,<BR>
Why, then she lives.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A monument to the dead; a
gravestone.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Should some relenting eye<BR>
Glance on the where our cold relics lie.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A calculous concretion,
especially one in the kidneys or bladder; the disease arising from a
calculus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>One of the testes; a testicle.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The hard endocarp of drupes;
as, the <i>stone</i> of a cherry or peach. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Endocarp</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A weight which legally is fourteen pounds,
but in practice varies with the article weighed.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p>&fist; The <i>stone</i> of butchers' meat or fish is reckoned at 8
lbs.; of cheese, 16 lbs.; of hemp, 32 lbs.; of glass, 5 lbs.</p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Symbol of hardness and insensibility;
torpidness; insensibility; as, a heart of <i>stone</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have not yet forgot myself to
<i>stone</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A stand or table with a
smooth, flat top of stone, commonly marble, on which to arrange the
pages of a book, newspaper, etc., before printing; -- called also
<i>imposing stone</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Stone</i> is used adjectively or in composition with
other words to denote <i>made of stone</i>, <i>containing a stone</i>
or <i>stones</i>, <i>employed on stone</i>, or, more generally,
<i>of</i> or <i>pertaining to stone</i> or <i>stones</i>; as,
<i>stone</i> fruit, or <i>stone</i>-fruit; <i>stone</i>-hammer, or
<i>stone</i> hammer; <i>stone</i> falcon, or <i>stone</i>-falcon.
Compounded with some adjectives it denotes a degree of the quality
expressed by the adjective equal to that possessed by a stone; as,
<i>stone</i>-dead, <i>stone</i>-blind, <i>stone</i>-cold,
<i>stone</i>-still, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Atlantic stone</b></col>, <cd>ivory.</cd> [Obs.] "Citron
tables, or <i>Atlantic stone</i>." <i>Milton.</i> -- <col><b>Bowing
stone</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Cromlech</u>.</cd> <i>Encyc. Brit.</i>
-- <col><b>Meteoric stones</b></col>, <cd>stones which fall from the
atmosphere, as after the explosion of a meteor.</cd> --
<col><b>Philosopher's stone</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Philosopher</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rocking stone</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Rocking-stone</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone age</b></col>, <cd>a
supposed prehistoric age of the world when stone and bone were
habitually used as the materials for weapons and tools; -- called also
<i>flint age</i>. The <i>bronze age</i> succeeded to this.</cd> --
<col><b>Stone bass</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several species of marine food fishes of the genus <i>Serranus</i> and
allied genera, as <i>Serranus Couchii</i>, and <i>Polyprion
cernium</i> of Europe; -- called also <i>sea perch</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Stone biter</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the wolf
fish.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone boiling</b></col>, <cd>a method of boiling
water or milk by dropping hot stones into it, -- in use among
savages.</cd> <i>Tylor.</i> -- <col><b>Stone borer</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any animal that bores stones; especially, one
of certain bivalve mollusks which burrow in limestone. See
<u>Lithodomus</u>, and <u>Saxicava</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone
bramble</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a European trailing species of
bramble (<i>Rubus saxatilis</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Stone-
break</b></col>. [Cf. G. <i>steinbrech</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>Any
plant of the genus <i>Saxifraga</i>; saxifrage.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone
bruise</b></col>, <cd>a sore spot on the bottom of the foot, from a
bruise by a stone.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone canal</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Sand canal</i>, under
<u>Sand</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone cat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any one of several species of small fresh-water North American
catfishes of the genus <i>Noturus</i>. They have sharp pectoral spines
with which they inflict painful wounds.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone
coal</b></col>, <cd>hard coal; mineral coal; anthracite coal.</cd> --
<col><b>Stone coral</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any hard
calcareous coral.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone crab</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A large crab (<i>Menippe
mercenaria</i>) found on the southern coast of the United States and
much used as food.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A European spider crab
(<i>Lithodes maia</i>)</cd>. <col><b>Stone crawfish</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a European crawfish (<i>Astacus
torrentium</i>), by many writers considered only a variety of the
common species (<i>A. fluviatilis</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Stone
curlew</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A large
plover found in Europe (<i>Edicnemus crepitans</i>). It frequents
stony places. Called also <i>thick-kneed plover</i> or <i>bustard</i>,
and <i>thick-knee</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The whimbrel</cd>.
[Prov. Eng.] <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>The willet.</cd> [Local, U.S.] --
<col><b>Stone crush</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Stone bruise</i>,
above.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone eater</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>Same as <i>Stone borer</i>, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone
falcon</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the merlin.</cd> --
<col><b>Stone fern</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a European fern
(<i>Asplenium Ceterach</i>) which grows on rocks and walls.</cd> --
<col><b>Stone fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of many
species of pseudoneuropterous insects of the genus <i>Perla</i> and
allied genera; a perlid. They are often used by anglers for bait. The
larv&aelig; are aquatic.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone fruit</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any fruit with a stony endocarp; a drupe, as a
peach, plum, or cherry.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone grig</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the mud lamprey, or pride.</cd> --
<col><b>Stone hammer</b></col>, <cd>a hammer formed with a face at one
end, and a thick, blunt edge, parallel with the handle, at the other,
-- used for breaking stone.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone hawk</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the merlin; -- so called from its habit of
sitting on bare stones.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone jar</b></col>, <cd>a jar
made of stoneware.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone lily</b></col>
<i>(Paleon.)</i>, <cd>a fossil crinoid.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone
lugger</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <i>Stone roller</i>,
below.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone marten</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a European marten (<i>Mustela foina</i>) allied to the pine
marten, but having a white throat; -- called also <i>beech
marten</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone mason</b></col>, <cd>a mason who
works or builds in stone.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone-mortar</b></col>
<i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a kind of large mortar formerly used in sieges for
throwing a mass of small stones short distances.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone
oil</b></col>, <cd>rock oil, petroleum.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone
parsley</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an umbelliferous plant (<i>Seseli
Labanotis</i>). See under <u>Parsley</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone
pine</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>A nut pine. See the Note under
<u>Pine</u>, and <u>Pi&ntilde;on</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone
pit</b></col>, <cd>a quarry where stones are dug.</cd> --
<col><b>Stone pitch</b></col>, <cd>hard, inspissated pitch.</cd> --
<col><b>Stone plover</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The European stone curlew</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Any one of several species of Asiatic plovers
of the genus <i>Esacus</i>; as, the large <i>stone plover</i> (<i>E.
recurvirostris</i>).</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>The gray or black-
bellied plover</cd>. [Prov. Eng.] <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>The ringed
plover.</cd> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>The bar-tailed godwit. [Prov.
Eng.] Also applied to other species of limicoline birds.</cd> --
<col><b>Stone roller</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An American fresh-water fish (<i>Catostomus
nigricans</i>) of the Sucker family. Its color is yellowish olive,
often with dark blotches. Called also <i>stone lugger</i>, <i>stone
toter</i>, <i>hog sucker</i>, <i>hog mullet</i>.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A common American cyprinoid fish
(<i>Campostoma anomalum</i>); -- called also <i>stone lugger</i>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Stone's cast</b></col>, or <col><b>Stone's throw</b></col>,
<cd>the distance to which a stone may be thrown by the hand.</cd> --
<col><b>Stone snipe</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the greater
yellowlegs, or tattler.</cd> [Local, U.S.] -- <col><b>Stone
toter</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>See
<i>Stone roller</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>, above</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A cyprinoid fish (<i>Exoglossum
maxillingua</i>) found in the rivers from Virginia to New York. It has
a three-lobed lower lip; -- called also <i>cutlips</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>To leave no stone unturned</b></col>, <cd>to do everything
that can be done; to use all practicable means to effect an
object.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stone</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stoned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stoning</u>.] [From <u>Stone</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>: cf. AS.
<i>st&?;nan</i>, Goth. <i>stainjan</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
pelt, beat, or kill with stones.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And they <i>stoned</i> Stephen, calling upon God, and
saying, Lord Jesus, receive my spirit.</blockquote> <i>Acts vii.
59.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make like stone; to harden.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O perjured woman! thou dost <i>stone</i> my
heart.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To free from stones; also, to remove the
seeds of; as, to <i>stone</i> a field; to <i>stone</i> cherries; to
<i>stone</i> raisins.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To wall or face with stones; to line or
fortify with stones; as, to <i>stone</i> a well; to <i>stone</i> a
cellar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To rub, scour, or sharpen with a
stone.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1419 !></p>

<p><hw>Stone"bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The yellowlegs;
-- called also <i>stone snipe</i>. See <u>Tattler</u>, 2.</def>
[Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Stone"-blind`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>As blind as a
stone; completely blind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stone"bow`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
crossbow formerly used for shooting stones.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stone"brash`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A subsoil made
up of small stones or finely-broken rock; brash.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stone"brear`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A machine
for crushing or hammering stone.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stone"buck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Steinbock</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stone"chat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stone</i> +
<i>chat</i>.] [So called from the similarity of its alarm note to the
clicking together of two pebbles.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small, active, and very common European
singing bird (<i>Pratincola rubicola</i>); -- called also
<i>chickstone</i>, <i>stonechacker</i>, <i>stonechatter</i>,
<i>stoneclink</i>, <i>stonesmith</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The wheatear.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The blue
titmouse.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is sometimes applied to various species of
<i>Saxicola</i>, <i>Pratincola</i>, and allied genera; as, the pied
<i>stonechat</i> of India (<i>Saxicola picata</i>).</p>

<p><hw>Stone"-cold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cold as a
stone.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Stone-cold</i> without, within burnt with love's
flame.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stone"cray`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stone</i> + F.
<i>craie</i> chalk, L. <i>creta</i>.] <def>A distemper in
hawks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stone"crop`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>st&amacr;ncropp</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sort of tree.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any low succulent plant of
the genus <i>Sedum</i>, esp. <i>Sedum acre</i>, which is common on
bare rocks in Europe, and is spreading in parts of America. See
<u>Orpine</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Virginian</b></col>, or <col><b>Ditch</b></col>,
<col><b>stonecrop</b></col>, <cd>an American plant (<i>Penthorum
sedoides</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stone"cut`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose
occupation is to cut stone; also, a machine for dressing
stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stone"cut`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Hewing or
dressing stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stone"-dead`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>As dead as a
stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stone"-deaf`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>As deaf as a
stone; completely deaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stone"gall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D.
<i>steengal</i>, G. <i>steingall</i>. See <u>Stannel</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Stannel</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stone"hatch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The ring plover, or dotterel.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stone"-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hard-
hearted; cruel; pitiless; unfeeling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stone"henge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An assemblage
of upright stones with others placed horizontally on their tops, on
Salisbury Plain, England, -- generally supposed to be the remains of
an ancient Druidical temple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stone"-horse`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Stallion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ston"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who stones; one who makes an assault with stones.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who walls with stones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stone"root`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
North American plant (<i>Collinsonia Canadensis</i>) having a very
hard root; horse balm. See <i>Horse balm</i>, under
<u>Horse</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stone"run`ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The ring plover, or the
ringed dotterel.</def> [Prov. Eng.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
dotterel.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stone"smic`kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The stonechat; -- called also
<i>stonesmitch</i>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stone"-still`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>As still as a
stone.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stone"ware`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A species of
coarse potter's ware, glazed and baked.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stone"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any plant of the genus <i>Lithospermum</i>, herbs having a fruit
composed of four stony nutlets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stone"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Work or wall
consisting of stone; mason's work of stone.</def>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stone"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any plant of the genus Chara; -- so called because they are often
incrusted with carbonate of lime. See <u>Chara</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ston"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a stony
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ston"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being stony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ston"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stony.</def> [R.]
"Possessed with <i>stonish</i> insensibility."  <i>Robynson (More's
Utopia).</i></p>

<p><hw>Stont</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>3d pers. sing.
present</i></pos> of <u>Stand</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ston"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Stonier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Stoniest</u>.] [AS. <i>st&amacr;nig</i>.
See <u>Stone</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to stone,
consisting of, or abounding in, stone or stones; resembling stone;
hard; as, a <i>stony</i> tower; a <i>stony</i> cave; <i>stony</i>
ground; a <i>stony</i> crust.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Converting into stone; petrifying;
petrific.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>stony</i> dart of senseless cold.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Inflexible; cruel; unrelenting; pitiless;
obdurate; perverse; cold; morally hard; appearing as if petrified; as,
a <i>stony</i> heart; a <i>stony</i> gaze.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stony coral</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as
<i>Stone coral</i>, under <u>Stone</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stood</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Stand</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stook</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot. <i>stook</i>,
<i>stouk</i>; cf. LG. <i>stuke</i> a heap, bundle, G. <i>stauche</i> a
truss, bundle of flax.] <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>A small collection of
sheaves set up in the field; a shock; in England, twelve
sheaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stook</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stooked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stooking</u>.] <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>To set up, as sheaves of grain,
in stooks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stool</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stolo</i>. See
<u>Stolon</u>.] <i>(Hort.)</i> <def>A plant from which layers are
propagated by bending its branches into the soil.</def>  <i>P.
Henderson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stool</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>To
ramfy; to tiller, as grain; to shoot out suckers.</def>  <i>R. D.
Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stool</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>st&omacr;l</i> a
seat; akin to OFries. & OS. <i>st&omacr;l</i>, D. <i>stoel</i>, G.
<i>stuhl</i>, OHG. <i>stuol</i>, Icel. <i>st&omacr;ll</i>, Sw. & Dan.
<i>stol</i>, Goth. <i>st&omacr;ls</i>, Lith. <i>stalas</i> a table,
Russ. <i>stol'</i>; from the root of E. <i>stand</i>. &radic;163. See
<u>Stand</u>, and cf. <u>Fauteuil</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
single seat with three or four legs and without a back, made in
various forms for various uses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A seat used in evacuating the bowels;
hence, an evacuation; a discharge from the bowels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A stool pigeon, or decoy bird.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A small channel on the side
of a vessel, for the dead-eyes of the backstays.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A bishop's seat or see; a bishop-
stool.</def>  <i>J. P. Peters.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A bench or form for resting the feet or the
knees; a footstool; as, a kneeling <i>stool</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Material, such as oyster shells, spread on
the sea bottom for oyster spat to adhere to.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Stool of a window</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Window
stool</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the flat piece upon which the
window shuts down, and which corresponds to the sill of a door; in the
United States, the narrow shelf fitted on the inside against the
actual sill upon which the sash descends. This is called a <i>window
seat</i> when broad and low enough to be used as a seat.</cd> --
<col><b>Stool of repentance</b></col>, <cd>the cuttystool.</cd>
[Scot.] -- <col><b>Stool pigeon</b></col>, <cd>a pigeon used as a
decoy to draw others within a net; hence, a person used as a decoy for
others.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stool"ball`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of game
with balls, formerly common in England, esp. with young
women.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nausicaa<BR>
With other virgins did at <i>stoolball</i> play.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stoom</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [D. <i>stommen</i> to
adulterate, to drug (wine). &radic;163.  Cf. <u>Stum</u>.] <def>To
stum.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Stoop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>stoep</i>.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Originally, a covered porch with seats, at a house
door; the Dutch <i>stoep</i> as introduced by the Dutch into New York.
Afterward, an out-of-door flight of stairs of from seven to fourteen
steps, with platform and parapets, leading to an entrance door some
distance above the street; the French <i>perron</i>. Hence, any porch,
platform, entrance stairway, or small veranda, at a house door.</def>
[U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Stoop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stope</i>, Icel.
<i>staup</i>; akin to AS. <i>ste&aacute;p</i>, D. <i>stoop</i>, G.
<i>stauf</i>, OHG. <i>stouph</i>.] <def>A vessel of liquor; a
flagon.</def> [Written also <i>stoup</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Fetch me a <i>stoop</i> of liquor.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stoop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>staup</i> a
knobby lump.] <def>A post fixed in the earth.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stoop</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stooped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stooping</u>.] [OE. <i>stoupen</i>; akin to AS. <i>st&?;pian</i>,
OD. <i>stuypen</i>, Icel. <i>st&umacr;pa</i>, Sw. <i>stupa</i> to
fall, to tilt. Cf 5th <u>Steep</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bend
the upper part of the body downward and forward; to bend or lean
forward; to incline forward in standing or walking; to assume
habitually a bent position.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To yield; to submit; to bend, as by
compulsion; to assume a position of humility or subjection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mighty in her ships stood Carthage long, . . . <BR>
Yet <i>stooped</i> to Rome, less wealthy, but more
strong.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These are arts, my prince,<BR>
In which your Zama does not <i>stoop</i> to Rome.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To descend from rank or dignity; to
condescend.</def> "She <i>stoops</i> to conquer."
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where men of great wealth <i>stoop</i> to husbandry, it
multiplieth riches exceedingly.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To come down as a hawk does on its prey; to
pounce; to souse; to swoop.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bird of Jove, <i>stooped</i> from his a&euml;ry
tour,<BR>
Two birds of gayest plume before him drove.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To sink when on the wing; to
alight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>stoop</i> with closing pinions from
above.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Cowering low<BR>
With blandishment, each bird <i>stooped</i> on his wing.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To lean; yield; submit; condescend; descend; cower;
shrink.</p>

<p><hw>Stoop</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
bend forward and downward; to bow down; as, to <i>stoop</i> the
body.</def> "Have <i>stooped</i> my neck."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to incline downward; to slant; as,
to <i>stoop</i> a cask of liquor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to submit; to prostrate.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Many of those whose states so tempt thine ears<BR>
Are <i>stooped</i> by death; and many left alive.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To degrade.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stoop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of stooping, or bending the body forward; inclination forward;
also, an habitual bend of the back and shoulders.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Descent, as from dignity or superiority;
condescension; an act or position of humiliation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Can any loyal subject see<BR>
With patience such a <i>stoop</i> from sovereignty?</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The fall of a bird on its prey; a
swoop.</def>  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stoop"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
stoops.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stoop"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Stoop</u>.</def> -- <wf>Stoop"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Stoor</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>storen</i>
to disturb.  Cf. <u>Stir</u>.] <def>To rise in clouds, as dust.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Stoor</hw> (?), <hw>Stor</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[AS. <i>st&omacr;r</i>; akin to LG. <i>stur</i>, Icel.
<i>st&omacr;rr</i>.] <def>Strong; powerful; hardy; bold;
audacious.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>O stronge lady <i>stoor</i>, what doest
thou?</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stop</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stopped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stopping</u>.] [OE. <i>stoppen</i>, AS. <i>stoppian</i> (in comp.);
akin to LG. & D. <i>stoppen</i>, G. <i>stopfen</i>, Icel.
<i>stoppa</i>, Sw. <i>stoppa</i>, Dan. <i>stoppe</i>; all probably fr.
LL. <i>stopare</i>, <i>stupare</i>, fr. L. <i>stuppa</i> the coarse
part of flax, tow, oakum.  Cf. <u>Estop</u>, <u>Stuff</u>,
<u>Stupe</u> a fomentation.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To close, as an
aperture, by filling or by obstructing; as, to <i>stop</i> the ears;
hence, to stanch, as a wound.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To obstruct; to render impassable; as, to
<i>stop</i> a way, road, or passage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To arrest the progress of; to hinder; to
impede; to shut in; as, to <i>stop</i> a traveler; to <i>stop</i> the
course of a stream, or a flow of blood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To hinder from acting or moving; to prevent
the effect or efficiency of; to cause to cease; to repress; to
restrain; to suppress; to interrupt; to suspend; as, to <i>stop</i>
the execution of a decree, the progress of vice, the approaches of old
age or infirmity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose disposition all the world well knows<BR>
Will not be rubbed nor <i>stopped</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To regulate the sounds of, as
musical strings, by pressing them against the finger board with the
finger, or by shortening in any way the vibrating part.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To point, as a composition; to
punctuate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If his sentences were properly
<i>stopped</i>.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To make fast; to
stopper.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To obstruct; hinder; impede; repress; suppress;
restrain; discontinue; delay; interrupt.</p>

<p><col><b>To stop off</b></col> <i>(Founding)</i>, <cd>to fill (a
part of a mold) with sand, where a part of the cavity left by the
pattern is not wanted for the casting.</cd> -- <col><b>To stop the
mouth</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Mouth</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stop</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cease to go on; to halt, or stand still; to come to a
stop.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He bites his lip, and starts;<BR>
<i>Stops</i> on a sudden, looks upon the ground;<BR>
Then lays his finger on his temple: strait<BR>
Springs out into fast gait; then <i>stops</i> again.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cease from any motion, or course of
action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Stop</i>, while ye may, suspend your mad
career!</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To spend a short time; to reside
temporarily; to stay; to tarry; as, to <i>stop</i> with a
friend.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By <i>stopping</i> at home till the money was
gone.</blockquote> <i>R. D. Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To stop over</b></col>, <cd>to stop at a station beyond the
time of the departure of the train on which one came, with the purpose
of continuing one's journey on a subsequent train; to break one's
journey.</cd> [Railroad Cant, U.S.]

</p>

<p><hw>Stop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of stopping, or the state of being stopped; hindrance of progress or
of action; cessation; repression; interruption; check;
obstruction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is doubtful . . . whether it contributed anything to
the <i>stop</i> of the infection.</blockquote> <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Occult qualities put a <i>stop</i> to the improvement
of natural philosophy.</blockquote> <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a great step toward the mastery of our desires to
give this <i>stop</i> to them.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which stops, impedes, or obstructs; as
obstacle; an impediment; an obstruction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A fatal <i>stop</i> traversed their headlong
course.</blockquote> <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So melancholy a prospect should inspire us with zeal to
oppose some <i>stop</i> to the rising torrent.</blockquote>
<i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A device, or piece, as a
pin, block, pawl, etc., for arresting or limiting motion, or for
determining the position to which another part shall be
brought.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
closing of an aperture in the air passage, or pressure of the finger
upon the string, of an instrument of music, so as to modify the tone;
hence, any contrivance by which the sounds of a musical instrument are
regulated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The organ sound a time survives the
<i>stop</i>.</blockquote> <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In the organ, one of the knobs or handles
at each side of the organist, by which he can draw on or shut off any
register or row of pipes; the register itself; as, the vox humana
<i>stop</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A member, plain or molded,
formed of a separate piece and fixed to a jamb, against which a door
or window shuts. This takes the place, or answers the purpose, of a
rebate. Also, a pin or block to prevent a drawer from sliding too
far.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A point or mark in writing or printing
intended to distinguish the sentences, parts of a sentence, or
clauses; a mark of punctuation. See <u>Punctuation</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>The diaphragm used in optical
instruments to cut off the marginal portions of a beam of light
passing through lenses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The depression in the
face of a dog between the skull and the nasal bones. It is conspicuous
in the bulldog, pug, and some other breeds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Phonetics)</i> <def>Some part of the
articulating organs, as the lips, or the tongue and palate, closed
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> so as to cut off the passage of breath or voice
through the mouth and the nose (distinguished as a <i>lip-stop</i>, or
a <i>front-stop</i>, etc., as in <i>p</i>, <i>t</i>, <i>d</i>, etc.),
or <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> so as to obstruct, but not entirely cut off,
the passage, as in <i>l</i>, <i>n</i>, etc.; also, any of the
consonants so formed.</def>  <i>H. Sweet.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Stop bead</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the molding screwed
to the inner side of a window frame, on the face of the pulley stile,
completing the groove in which the inner sash is to slide.</cd> --
<col><b>Stop motion</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>an automatic device
for arresting the motion of a machine, as when a certain operation is
completed, or when an imperfection occurs in its performance or
product, or in the material which is supplied to it, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Stop plank</b></col>, <cd>one of a set of planks employed to
form a sort of dam in some hydraulic works.</cd> -- <col><b>Stop
valve</b></col>, <cd>a valve that can be closed or opened at will, as
by hand, for preventing or regulating flow, as of a liquid in a pipe;
-- in distinction from a valve which is operated by the action of the
fluid it restrains.</cd> -- <col><b>Stop watch</b></col>, <cd>a watch
the hands of which can be stopped in order to tell exactly the time
that has passed, as in timing a race. See <i>Independent seconds
watch</i>, under <u>Independent</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Cessation; check; obstruction; obstacle; hindrance;
impediment; interruption.</p>

<p><hw>Stop"cock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A bib, faucet, or short pipe, fitted with a turning stopper or
plug for permitting or restraining the flow of a liquid or gas; a cock
or valve for checking or regulating the flow of water, gas, etc.,
through or from a pipe, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The turning plug, stopper, or spigot of a
faucet.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Stope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Step</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> & <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A
horizontal working forming one of a series, the working faces of which
present the appearance of a flight of steps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stope</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stoped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stoping</u>.] <i>(Mining)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To excavate
in the form of stopes.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To fill in with
rubbish, as a space from which the ore has been worked out.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1420 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stope</hw> (?), <hw>Sto"pen</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> of <u>Step</u>. <def>Stepped; gone; advanced.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A poor widow, somedeal <i>stope</i> in
age.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stop"-gap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
closes or fills up an opening or gap; hence, a temporary
expedient.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Moral prejudices are the <i>stop-gaps</i> of
virtue.</blockquote> <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stop"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i>
<def>The act of excavating in the form of stopes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stop"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not to be
stopped.</def>  <i>Davenant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stop"-o`ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Permitting one
to stop over; as, a <i>stop-over</i> check or ticket. See <i>To stop
over</i>, under <u>Stop</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def> [Railroad
Cant, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Stop"page</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
stopping, or arresting progress, motion, or action; also, the state of
being stopped; as, the <i>stoppage</i> of the circulation of the
blood; the <i>stoppage</i> of commerce.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stopped</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Phonetics)</i>
<def>Made by complete closure of the mouth organs; shut; -- said of
certain consonants (<i>p</i>, <i>b</i>, <i>t</i>, <i>d</i>,
etc.).</def>  <i>H. Sweet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stop"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who stops, closes, shuts, or hinders; that which stops or
obstructs; that which closes or fills a vent or hole in a
vessel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A short piece of rope having
a knot at one or both ends, with a lanyard under the knot, -- used to
secure something.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name to several trees of
the genus Eugenia, found in Florida and the West Indies; as, the red
<i>stopper</i>. See <u>Eugenia</u>.</def>  <i>C. S. Sargent.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ring stopper</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a short rope or
chain passing through the anchor ring, to secure the anchor to the
cathead.</cd> -- <col><b>Stopper bolt</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a
large ringbolt in a ship's deck, to which the deck stoppers are
hooked.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stop"per</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stoppered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stoppering</u>.] <def>To close or secure with a stopper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stop"ping</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Material for filling a cavity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A partition or door to
direct or prevent a current of air.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A pad or poultice of dung or
other material applied to a horse's hoof to keep it moist.</def>
<i>Youatt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stop"ping-out`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A method
adopted in etching, to keep the acid from those parts which are
already sufficiently corroded, by applying varnish or other covering
matter with a brush, but allowing the acid to act on the other
parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stop"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>st&ouml;pfel</i>, <i>st&ouml;psel</i>. See <u>Stop</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> & <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>That which stops
or closes the mouth of a vessel; a stopper; as, a glass
<i>stopple</i>; a cork <i>stopple</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stop"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stoppled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stoppling</u>.] <def>To close the mouth of anything with a stopple,
or as with a stopple.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stop"ship`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A remora. It was fabled to stop ships by attaching itself to
them.</def>  <i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stor</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Stoor</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stor"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of depositing in a store or warehouse for safe keeping;
also, the safe keeping of goods in a warehouse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Space for the safe keeping of
goods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The price changed for keeping goods in a
store.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Storage battery</b></col>. <i>(Physics)</i> <cd>See the
Note under <u>Battery</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sto"rax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>storax</i>,
<i>styrax</i>, Gr. &?;.  Cf. <u>Styrax</u>.] <def>Any one of a number
of similar complex resins obtained from the bark of several trees and
shrubs of the Styrax family. The most common of these is <i>liquid
storax</i>, a brown or gray semifluid substance of an agreeable
aromatic odor and balsamic taste, sometimes used in perfumery, and in
medicine as an expectorant.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A yellow aromatic honeylike substance, resembling, and often
confounded with, storax, is obtained from the American sweet gum tree
(<i>Liquidambar styraciflua</i>), and is much used as a chewing gum,
called <i>sweet gum</i>, and <i>liquid storax</i>.  Cf.
<u>Liquidambar</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Store</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stor</i>,
<i>stoor</i>, OF. <i>estor</i>, provisions, supplies, fr.
<i>estorer</i> to store. See <u>Store</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is accumulated, or massed together;
a source from which supplies may be drawn; hence, an abundance; a
great quantity, or a great number.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ships are fraught with <i>store</i> of
victuals.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>store</i> of ladies, whose bright eyes<BR>
Rain influence, and give the prize.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place of deposit for goods, esp. for
large quantities; a storehouse; a warehouse; a magazine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any place where goods are sold, whether by
wholesale or retail; a shop.</def> [U.S. & British Colonies]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Articles, especially of food,
accumulated for some specific object; supplies, as of provisions,
arms, ammunition, and the like; as, the <i>stores</i> of an army, of a
ship, of a family.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His swine, his horse, his <i>stoor</i>, and his
poultry.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In store</b></col>, <cd>in a state of accumulation; in
keeping; hence, in a state of readiness.</cd> "I have better news in
<i>store</i> for thee." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Store
clothes</b></col>, clothing purchased at a shop or store; -- in
distinction from that which is <i>home-made</i>. [Colloq. U.S.] --
<col><b>Store pay</b></col>, payment for goods or work in articles
from a shop or store, instead of money. [U.S.] -- <col><b>To set store
by</b></col>, <cd>to value greatly; to have a high appreciation
of.</cd> -- <col><b>To tell no store of</b></col>, <cd>to make no
account of; to consider of no importance.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fund; supply; abundance; plenty; accumulation;
provision.  -- <u>Store</u>, <u>Shop</u>. The English call the place
where goods are sold (however large or splendid it may be) a
<i>shop</i>, and confine the word <i>store</i> to its original
meaning; viz., a warehouse, or place where goods are <i>stored</i>. In
America the word <i>store</i> is applied to all places, except the
smallest, where goods are sold. In some British colonies the word
<i>store</i> is used as in the United States.
</p>

<p><blockquote>In his needy <i>shop</i> a tortoise hung,<BR>
An alligator stuffed, and other skins<BR>
Of ill-shaped fishes; and about his shelves<BR>
A beggarly account of empty boxes.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sulphurous and nitrous foam, . . . <BR>
Concocted and adjusted, they reduced<BR>
To blackest grain, and into <i>store</i> conveyed.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Store</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Accumulated;
hoarded.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Store</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Storing</u>.] [OE. <i>storen</i>, OF. <i>estorer</i> to construct,
restore, store, LL. <i>staurare</i>, for L. <i>instaurare</i> to
renew, restore; <i>in + staurare</i> (in comp.) Cf. <u>Instore</u>,
<u>Instaurate</u>, <u>Restore</u>, <u>Story</u> a floor.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To collect as a reserved supply; to
accumulate; to lay away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dora <i>stored</i> what little she could
save.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furnish; to supply; to replenish; esp.,
to stock or furnish against a future time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her mind with thousand virtues
<i>stored</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wise Plato said the world with men was
<i>stored</i>.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Having <i>stored</i> a pond of four acres with carps,
tench, and other fish.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To deposit in a store, warehouse, or other
building, for preservation; to warehouse; as, to <i>store</i>
goods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stored</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Collected or
accumulated as a reserve supply; as, <i>stored</i>
electricity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is charged with <i>stored</i> virtue.</blockquote>
<i>Bagehot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Store"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A building for keeping goods of any kind, especially provisions;
a magazine; a repository; a warehouse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Joseph opened all the <i>storehouses</i>, and sold unto
Egyptians.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xli. 56.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Scripture of God is a <i>storehouse</i> abounding
with estimable treasures of wisdom and knowledge.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mass or quality laid up.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Store"keep`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A man in charge of stores or goods of any kind; as, a naval
<i>storekeeper</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who keeps a "store;" a shopkeeper. See
1st <u>Store</u>, 3.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Stor"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who lays up or
forms a store.</def></p>

<p><hw>Store"room`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Room in a
storehouse or repository; a room in which articles are
stored.</def></p>

<p><hw>Store"ship`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vessel used
to carry naval stores for a fleet, garrison, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto"rey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Story</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stor"ge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;,
&?;, to love.] <def>Parental affection; the instinctive affection
which animals have for their young.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Historical.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sto"ried</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Story</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Told in a story.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a history; interesting from the
stories which pertain to it; venerable from the associations of the
past.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some greedy minion, or imperious wife,<BR>
The trophied arches, <i>storied</i> halls, invade.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Can <i>storied</i> urn, or animated bust,<BR>
Back to its mansion call the fleeting breath?</blockquote>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having (such or so many) stories; --
chiefly in composition; as, a two-<i>storied</i> house.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto"ri*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A relater of
stories; an historian.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Peacock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sto"ri*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Story</i> +
<i>-fy</i>.] <def>To form or tell stories of; to narrate or describe
in a story.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stork</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>storc</i>; akin to
G. <i>storch</i>, OHG. <i>storah</i>, Icel. <i>storkr</i>, Dan. & Sw.
<i>stork</i>, and perhaps to Gr. &?; a vulture.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of large wading birds of the family
<i>Ciconid&aelig;</i>, having long legs and a long, pointed bill. They
are found both in the Old World and in America, and belong to
<i>Ciconia</i> and several allied genera. The European white stork
(<i>Ciconia alba</i>) is the best known. It commonly makes its nests
on the top of a building, a chimney, a church spire, or a pillar. The
black stork (<i>C. nigra</i>) is native of Asia, Africa, and
Europe.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Black-necked stork</b></col>, <cd>the East Indian
jabiru.</cd> -- <col><b>Hair-crested stork</b></col>, <cd>the smaller
adjutant of India (<i>Leptoptilos Javanica</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Giant
stork</b></col>, <cd>the adjutant.</cd> -- <col><b>Marabou
stork</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Marabou</u>. -- Saddle-billed stork, the
African jabiru. See <u>Jabiru</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Stork's
bill</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any plant of the genus
<i>Pelargonium</i>; -- so called in allusion to the beaklike
prolongation of the axis of the receptacle of its flower. See
<u>Pelargonium</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stork"-billed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
bill like that of the stork.</def></p>

<p><hw>Storm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>storm</i>; akin to
D. <i>storm</i>, G. <i>sturm</i>, Icel. <i>stormr</i>; and perhaps to
Gr. &?; assault, onset, Skr. <i>s&?;</i> to flow, to hasten, or
perhaps to L. <i>sternere</i> to strew, prostrate (cf.
<u>Stratum</u>). &radic;166.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A violent
disturbance of the atmosphere, attended by wind, rain, snow, hail, or
thunder and lightning; hence, often, a heavy fall of rain, snow, or
hail, whether accompanied with wind or not.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We hear this fearful tempest sing,<BR>
Yet seek no shelter to avoid the <i>storm</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A violent agitation of human society; a
civil, political, or domestic commotion; sedition, insurrection, or
war; violent outbreak; clamor; tumult.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will stir up in England some black
<i>storm</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her sister<BR>
Began to scold and raise up such a <i>storm</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A heavy shower or fall, any adverse
outburst of tumultuous force; violence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A brave man struggling in the <i>storms</i> of
fate.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A violent assault on a
fortified place; a furious attempt of troops to enter and take a
fortified place by scaling the walls, forcing the gates, or the
like.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Storm</i> is often used in the formation of self-
explained compounds; as, <i>storm</i>-presaging, <i>storm</i>proof,
<i>storm</i>-tossed, and the like.</p>

<p><col><b>Magnetic storm</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Magnetic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Storm-and-stress period</b></col> [a
translation of G. <i>sturm und drang periode</i>], <cd>a designation
given to the literary agitation and revolutionary development in
Germany under the lead of Goethe and Schiller in the latter part of
the 18th century.</cd> -- <col><b>Storm center</b></col>
<i>(Meteorol.)</i>, <cd>the center of the area covered by a storm,
especially by a storm of large extent.</cd> -- <col><b>Storm
door</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>an extra outside door to prevent
the entrance of wind, cold, rain, etc.; -- usually removed in
summer.</cd> -- <col><b>Storm path</b></col> <i>(Meteorol.)</i>,
<cd>the course over which a storm, or storm center, travels.</cd> --
<col><b>Storm petrel</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <i>Stormy
petrel</i>, under <u>Petrel</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Storm sail</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>any one of a number of strong, heavy sails that
are bent and set in stormy weather.</cd> -- <col><b>Storm
scud</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under <u>Cloud</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Tempest; violence; agitation; calamity.  --
<u>Storm</u>, <u>Tempest</u>. <i>Storm</i> is violent agitation, a
commotion of the elements by wind, etc., but not necessarily implying
the fall of anything from the clouds. Hence, to call a mere fall or
rain without wind a <i>storm</i> is a departure from the true sense of
the word. A <i>tempest</i> is a sudden and violent storm, such as
those common on the coast of Italy, where the term originated, and is
usually attended by a heavy rain, with lightning and thunder.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Storms</i> beat, and rolls the main;<BR>
O! beat those <i>storms</i>, and roll the seas, in vain.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What at first was called a gust, the same<BR>
Hath now a <i>storm's</i>, anon a <i>tempest's</i> name.</blockquote>
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Storm</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stormed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Storming</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To assault; to attack, and
attempt to take, by scaling walls, forcing gates, breaches, or the
like; as, to <i>storm</i> a fortified town.</def></p>

<p><hw>Storm</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>styrman</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To raise a tempest.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To blow with violence; also, to rain, hail,
snow, or the like, usually in a violent manner, or with high wind; --
used impersonally; as, it <i>storms</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To rage; to be in a violent passion; to
fume.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The master <i>storms</i>, the lady scolds.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Storm"-beat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Beaten,
injured, or impaired by storms.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Storm"cock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The missel thrush.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The fieldfare.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The green
woodpecker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Storm"finch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The storm petrel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Storm"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding with
storms.</def> "The <i>stormful</i> east." <i>Carlyle.</i> --
<wf>Storm"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Storm"glass`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A glass
vessel, usually cylindrical, filled with a solution which is sensitive
to atmospheric changes, indicating by a clouded appearance, rain,
snow, etc., and by clearness, fair weather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Storm"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a stormy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Storm"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
stormy; tempestuousness; biosteruousness; impetuousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Storm"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Storm</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Storming party</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a party
assigned to the duty of making the first assault in storming a
fortress.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Storm"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
storms.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Storm"wind`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A heavy wind; a
wind that brings a storm; the blast of a storm.</def>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Storm"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Stormier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Stormiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Characterized by, or proceeding from, a storm; subject to storms;
agitated with furious winds; biosterous; tempestous; as, a
<i>stormy</i> season; a <i>stormy</i> day or week.</def> "Beyond the
<i>stormy</i> Hebrides."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding from violent agitation or fury;
as, a <i>stormy</i> sound; <i>stormy</i> shocks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Violent; passionate; rough; as,
<i>stormy</i> passions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Stormy</i> chiefs of a desert but extensive
domain.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Stor"thing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Norw.
<i>storting</i>; <i>stor</i> great + <i>ting</i> court, court of
justice; cf. Dan. <i>ting</i>, <i>thing</i>.] <def>The Parliament of
Norway, chosen by indirect election once in three years, but holding
annual sessions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stor"ven</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Starve</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sto"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stories</b></plw> (#). [OF. <i>estor&eacute;</i>,
<i>estor&eacute;e</i>, built, erected, p. p. of <i>estorer</i> to
build, restore, to store. See <u>Store</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>A set of rooms on the same floor or level; a floor, or the space
between two floors. Also, a horizontal division of a building's
exterior considered architecturally, which need not correspond exactly
with the stories within.</def> [Written also <i>storey</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; A <i>story</i> comprehends the distance from one floor to
another; as, a <i>story</i> of nine or ten feet elevation. The spaces
between floors are numbered in order, from below upward; as, the
lower, second, or third <i>story</i>; a house of one <i>story</i>, of
two <i>stories</i>, of five <i>stories</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Story post</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a vertical post
used to support a floor or superincumbent wall.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sto"ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>storie</i>, OF.
<i>estoire</i>, F. <i>histoire</i>, fr. L. <i>historia</i>. See
<u>History</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A narration or recital of
that which has occurred; a description of past events; a history; a
statement; a record.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One malcontent who did indeed get a name in
<i>story</i>.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Venice, with its unique city and its Impressive
<i>story</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ed. Rev.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The four great monarchies make the subject of ancient
<i>story</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The relation of an incident or minor event;
a short narrative; a tale; especially, a fictitious narrative less
elaborate than a novel; a short romance.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A euphemism or child's word for "a lie;" a
fib; as, to tell a <i>story</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Sto"ry</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Storied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Storying</u>.] <def>To tell in historical relation; to make the
subject of a story; to narrate or describe in story.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How worthy he is I will leave to appear hereafter,
rather than <i>story</i> him in his own hearing.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is <i>storied</i> of the brazen colossus in Rhodes,
that it was seventy cubits high.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sto"ry*book`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A book
containing stories, or short narratives, either true or
false.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto"ry-tell`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who tells stories; a narrator of
anecdotes,incidents, or fictitious tales; as, an amusing <i>story-
teller</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An historian; -- in contempt.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A euphemism or child's word for "a
liar."</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto"ry-tell`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being
accustomed to tell stories.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
or practice of telling stories.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto"ry-writ`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who writes short stories, as for
magazines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An historian; a chronicler.</def> [Obs.]
"Rathums, the <i>story-writer</i>."  <i>1 Esdr. ii. 17.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stot</hw> (st&obreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>stotte</i> a hack, jade, or worthless horse; cf. Sw. <i>stut</i> a
bull, Dan. <i>stud</i> an ox.  Cf. <u>Stoat</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A horse.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer. Thorold Rogers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A young bull or ox, especially one three
years old.</def> [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]</p>

<p><! p. 1421 !></p>

<p><hw>Stote</hw> (st&omacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Stoat</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stound</hw> (stound), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Astound</u>, <u>Stun</u>.] <def>To be in pain or sorrow.</def>
[Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Stound</hw> <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Stound</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <def>Stunned.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stound</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
sudden, severe pain or grief; peril; alarm.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Astonishment; amazement.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser. Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stound</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>stund</i>; akin to D.
<i>stond</i>, G. <i>stunde</i>, Icel. <i>stund</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Hour; time; season.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A brief space of time; a moment.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In a stound</b></col>, <cd>suddenly.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stound</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Stand</u>.] <def>A
vessel for holding small beer.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stoup</hw> (st&oomac;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Stoop</u>
a vessel.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A flagon; a vessel or measure for
liquids.</def> [Scot.] <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A basin at the entrance of
Roman Catholic churches for containing the holy water with which those
who enter, dipping their fingers in it, cross themselves; -- called
also <i>holy-water stoup</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stour</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>estour</i>,
<i>estor</i>, tumult, combat, of Teutonic origin. See <u>Storm</u>.]
<def>A battle or tumult; encounter; combat; disturbance;
passion.</def> [Obs.] <i>Fairfax.</i> "That woeful <i>stowre</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She that helmed was in starke <i>stours</i> [fierce
conflicts].</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stour</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Stoor</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Tall; strong; stern.</def> [Obs. or Prov.
Eng. & Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Stout</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Stouter</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Stoutest</u>.] [D.
<i>stout</i> bold (or OF. <i>estout</i> bold, proud, of Teutonic
origin); akin to AS. <i>stolt</i>, G. <i>stolz</i>, and perh. to E.
<i>stilt</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Strong; lusty; vigorous;
robust; sinewy; muscular; hence, firm; resolute; dauntless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With hearts stern and <i>stout</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>stouter</i> champion never handled
sword.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He lost the character of a bold, <i>stout</i>,
magnanimous man.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The lords all stand<BR>
To clear their cause, most resolutely <i>stout</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Proud; haughty; arrogant; hard.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Your words have been <i>stout</i> against
me.</blockquote> <i>Mal. iii. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Commonly . . . they that be rich are lofty and
<i>stout</i>.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Firm; tough; materially strong; enduring;
as, a <i>stout</i> vessel, stick, string, or cloth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Large; bulky; corpulent.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Stout</u>, <u>Corpulent</u>, <u>Portly</u>.
<i>Corpulent</i> has reference simply to a superabundance or excess of
flesh. <i>Portly</i> implies a kind of stoutness or corpulence which
gives a dignified or imposing appearance. <i>Stout</i>, in our early
writers (as in the English Bible), was used chiefly or wholly in the
sense of <i>strong</i> or <i>bold</i>; as, a <i>stout</i> champion; a
<i>stout</i> heart; a <i>stout</i> resistance, etc. At a later period
it was used for <i>thickset</i> or <i>bulky</i>, and more recently,
especially in England, the idea has been carried still further, so
that Taylor says in his Synonyms: "The <i>stout</i> man has the
proportions of an ox; he is corpulent, fat, and fleshy in relation to
his size." In America, <i>stout</i> is still commonly used in the
original sense of <i>strong</i> as, a <i>stout</i> boy; a <i>stout</i>
pole.</p>

<p><hw>Stout</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A strong malt liquor;
strong porter.</def>
  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stout"-heart"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
brave heart; courageous.</def> -- <wf>Stout"-heart"ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Stout"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat stout;
somewhat corpulent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stout"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a stout manner;
lustily; boldly; obstinately; as, he <i>stoutly</i> defended
himself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stout"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or quality
of being stout.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Strength; bulk; courage; force; valor; lustiness;
brawniness; boldness; fortitude; stubbornness.</p>

<p><hw>Stove</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Stave</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stove</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>stoof</i> a foot stove,
originally, a heated room, a room for a bath; akin to G. <i>stube</i>
room, OHG. <i>stuba</i> a heated room, AS. <i>stofe</i>, Icel.
<i>stofa</i> a room, bathing room, Sw. <i>stufva</i>, <i>stuga</i>, a
room, Dan. <i>stue</i>; of unknown origin.  Cf. <u>Estufa</u>,
<u>Stew</u>, <u>Stufa</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A house or room
artificially warmed or heated; a forcing house, or hothouse; a drying
room; -- formerly, designating an artificially warmed dwelling or
room, a parlor, or a bathroom, but now restricted, in this sense, to
heated houses or rooms used for horticultural purposes or in the
processes of the arts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When most of the waiters were commanded away to their
supper, the parlor or <i>stove</i> being nearly emptied, in came a
company of musketeers.</blockquote> <i>Earl of Strafford.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How tedious is it to them that live in <i>stoves</i>
and caves half a year together, as in Iceland, Muscovy, or under the
pole!</blockquote> <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An apparatus, consisting essentially of a
receptacle for fuel, made of iron, brick, stone, or tiles, and
variously constructed, in which fire is made or kept for warming a
room or a house, or for culinary or other purposes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cooking stove</b></col>, <cd>a stove with an oven, opening
for pots, kettles, and the like, -- used for cooking.</cd> --
<col><b>Dry stove</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Dry</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Foot stove</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Foot</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Franklin stove</b></col>. <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> --
<col><b>Stove plant</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant which
requires artificial heat to make it grow in cold or cold temperate
climates.</cd> -- <col><b>Stove plate</b></col>, <cd>thin iron
castings for the parts of stoves.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stove</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stoved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stoving</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To keep warm, in a house or
room, by artificial heat; as, to <i>stove</i> orange trees.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To heat or dry, as in a stove; as, to
<i>stove</i> feathers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stove"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
hothouse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stove"pipe`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Pipe made of
sheet iron in length and angular or curved pieces fitting together, --
used to connect a portable stove with a chimney flue.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stovepipe hat</b></col>, <cd>the common tall silk hat.</cd>
[Slang, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sto"ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>estoveir</i>,
<i>estovoir</i>, necessity, provisions, properly an inf., "to be
necessary."  Cf. <u>Estovers</u>.] <def>Fodder for cattle, especially
straw or coarse hay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where live nibbling sheep,<BR>
And flat meads thatched with <i>stover</i> them to keep.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thresh barley as yet but as need shall require,<BR>
Fresh threshed for <i>stover</i> thy cattle desire.</blockquote>
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stow</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stowing</u>.] [OE. <i>stowen</i>, fr. <i>stowe</i> a place, AS.
<i>stow</i>; cf. Icel. eld<i>st&omacr;</i>a fireplace, hearth, OFries.
<i>st&omacr;</i>, and E. <i>stand</i>. &radic;163.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To place or arrange in a compact mass; to put in its proper
place, or in a suitable place; to pack; as, to <i>stow</i>bags, bales,
or casks in a ship's hold; to <i>stow</i> hay in a mow; to <i>stow</i>
sheaves.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>stow</i> their oars, or stop the leaky
sides.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put away in some place; to hide; to
lodge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Foul thief! where hast thou <i>stowed</i> my
daughter?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To arrange anything compactly in; to fill,
by packing closely; as, to <i>stow</i> a box, car, or the hold of a
ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stow"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or method of stowing; as, the <i>stowage</i> of
provisions in a vessel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Room in which things may be stowed.</def>
<i>Cook.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In every vessel is <i>stowage</i> for immense
treasures.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of being stowed, or put
away.</def> "To have them in safe <i>stowage</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Things stowed or packed.</def>  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Money paid for stowing goods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stow"a*way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
conceals himself board of a vessel about to leave port, or on a
railway train, in order to obtain a free passage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stow"board</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place into
which rubbish is put.</def> [Written also <i>stowbord</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Stowce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A windlass.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
wooden landmark, to indicate possession of mining land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stow"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A
method of working in which the waste is packed into the space formed
by excavating the vein.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stowre</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Stour</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stowre</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Stour</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stra"bism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Strabismus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stra`bis*mom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Strabismus</i> + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An instrument
for measuring the amount of strabismus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stra*bis"mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; to squint, fr. &?; distorted, squinting.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>An affection of one or both eyes, in which the optic axes can not
be directed to the same object, -- a defect due either to undue
contraction or to undue relaxation of one or more of the muscles which
move the eyeball; squinting; cross-eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stra*bot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; squinting
+ &?; to cut.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The operation for the removal of
squinting by the division of such muscles as distort the
eyeball.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strad"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Straddled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Straddling</u> (?).] [Freq. from the root of <i>stride</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To part the legs wide; to stand or to walk
with the legs far apart.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stand with the ends staggered; -- said
of the spokes of a wagon wheel where they join the hub.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strad"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To place one leg
on one side and the other on the other side of; to stand or sit
astride of; as, to <i>straddle</i> a fence or a horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strad"dle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of standing, sitting, or walking, with the feet far
apart.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The position, or the distance between the
feet, of one who straddles; as, a wide <i>straddle</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A stock option giving the holder the double
privilege of a "put" and a "call," <i>i. e.</i>, securing to the buyer
of the option the right either to demand of the seller at a certain
price, within a certain time, certain securities, or to require him to
take at the same price, and within the same time, the same
securities.</def> [Broker's Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Strad"dling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Applied to
spokes when they are arranged alternately in two circles in the hub.
See <u>Straddle</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and <u>Straddle</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 3.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strad`o*met"ric*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.
<i>strada</i> street or road + E. <i>metrical</i>.] <def>Of, or
relating to, the measuring of streets or roads.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Strag"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Straggled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Straggling</u> (?).] [Freq. of OE. <i>straken</i> to roam, to
stroke. See <u>Stroke</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To wander from the direct course or way; to rove; to stray; to
wander from the line of march or desert the line of battle; as, when
troops are on the march, the men should not <i>straggle</i>.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wander at large; to roam idly about; to
ramble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wolf spied out a <i>straggling</i>
kid.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To escape or stretch beyond proper limits,
as the branches of a plant; to spread widely apart; to shoot too far
or widely in growth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Trim off the small, superfluous branches on each side
of the hedge that <i>straggle too far out</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be dispersed or separated; to occur at
intervals.</def> "<i>Straggling</i> pistol shots."  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They came between Scylla and Charybdis and the
<i>straggling</i> rocks.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strag"gle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
straggling.</def> [R.]  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strag"gler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who straggles, or departs from the direct or proper course,
or from the company to which he belongs; one who falls behind the
rest; one who rambles without any settled direction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A roving vagabond.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Something that shoots, or spreads out,
beyond the rest, or too far; an exuberant growth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let thy hand supply the pruning knife,<BR>
And crop luxuriant <i>stragglers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Something that stands alone or by
itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strag"gling</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Straggle</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Strag"gling*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
straggling manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Strag"u*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stragula</b></plw> (#). [L., a spread or covering, from
<i>sternere</i> to spread out.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The mantle,
or pallium, of a bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Straight</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>A variant of
<u>Strait</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def> [Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Egypt is a long country, but it is <i>straight</i>,
that is to say, narrow.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Mandeville.</i></p>

<p><hw>Straight</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Straighter</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Straightest</u>.]
[OE. <i>strei&?;t</i>, properly p. p. of <i>strecchen</i> to stretch,
AS. <i>streht</i>, p. p. of <i>streccan</i> to stretch, to extend. See
<u>Stretch</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Right, in a mathematical
sense; passing from one point to another by the nearest course;
direct; not deviating or crooked; as, a <i>straight</i> line or
course; a <i>straight</i> piece of timber.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the crooked shall be made
<i>straight</i>.</blockquote> <i>Isa. xl. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There are many several sorts of crooked lines, but
there is only one which is <i>straight</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Approximately straight; not
much curved; as, <i>straight</i> ribs are such as pass from the base
of a leaf to the apex, with a small curve.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>Composed of cards
which constitute a regular sequence, as the ace, king, queen, jack,
and ten-spot; as, a <i>straight</i> hand; a <i>straight</i>
flush.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Conforming to justice and rectitude; not
deviating from truth or fairness; upright; as, <i>straight</i>
dealing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Unmixed; undiluted; as, to take liquor
<i>straight</i>.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Making no exceptions or deviations in one's
support of the organization and candidates of a political party; as, a
<i>straight</i> Republican; a <i>straight</i> Democrat; also,
containing the names of all the regularly nominated candidates of a
party and no others; as, a <i>straight</i> ballot.</def> [Political
Cant, U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Straight arch</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a form of arch
in which the intrados is straight, but with its joints drawn radially,
as in a common arch.</cd> -- <col><b>A straight face</b></col>,
<cd>one giving no evidence of merriment or other emotion.</cd> --
<col><b>A straight line</b></col>. <cd>"That which lies evenly between
its extreme points." <i>Euclid.</i> "The shortest line between two
points." <i>Chauvenet.</i> "A line which has the same direction
through its whole length." <i>Newcomb.</i></cd> -- <col><b>Straight-
way valve</b></col>, <cd>a valve which, when opened widely, affords a
straight passageway, as for water.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Straight</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a straight
manner; directly; rightly; forthwith; immediately; as, the arrow went
<i>straight</i> to the mark.</def> "Floating <i>straight</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I know thy generous temper well;<BR>
Fling but the appearance of dishonor on it,<BR>
It <i>straight</i> takes fire, and mounts into a blaze.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Everything was going on <i>straight</i>.</blockquote>
<i>W. Black.</i></p>

<p><hw>Straight</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Poker)</i> <def>A hand
of five cards in consecutive order as to value; a sequence. When they
are of one suit, it is calles <i>straight flush</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Straight</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
straighten.</def> [R.]  <i>A Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Straight"edge`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A board, or
piece of wood or metal, having one edge perfectly straight, -- used to
ascertain whether a line is straight or a surface even, and for
drawing straight lines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Straight"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Straighted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Straighting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make
straight; to reduce from a crooked to a straight form.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make right or correct; to reduce to
order; as, to <i>straighten</i> one's affairs; to <i>straighten</i> an
account.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To straighten one's face</b></col>, <cd>to cease laughing
or smiling, etc., and compose one's features.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Straight"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>A variant of
<u>Straiten</u>.</def> [Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><hw>Straight"en*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, straightens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Straight"forth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Straightway.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Straight`for"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Proceeding in a straight course or manner; not deviating; honest;
frank.</def> -- <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a straightforward
manner.</def> -- <wf>Straight`for"ward*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
-- <wf>Straight`for"ward*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Straight"horn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>An orthoceras.</def></p>

<p><hw>Straight"-joint`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>Having straight joints.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Applied to a floor the boards of which are so laid that the
joints form a continued line transverse to the length of the boards
themselves.</def> <i>Brandle & C.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In the
United States, applied to planking or flooring put together without
the tongue and groove, the pieces being laid edge to edge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Straight"-lined`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
straight lines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Straight"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a right line;
not crookedly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Straight"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>A variant of
<u>Straitly</u>. See 1st <u>Straight</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Straight"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality,
condition, or state, of being straight; as, the <i>straightness</i> of
a path.</def></p>

<p><hw>Straight"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A variant of
<u>Straitness</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Straight"-out`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Acting
without concealment, obliquity, or compromise; hence, unqualified;
thoroughgoing.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Straight-out</i> and generous
indignation.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Stowe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Straight"-pight`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Straight
in form or upright in position; erect.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Straight"-spo`ken</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Speaking
with directness; plain-spoken.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Straight"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Immediately; without loss of time; without delay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He took the damsel by the hand, and said unto her,
Talitha cumi. . . . And <i>straightway</i> the damsel
arose.</blockquote> <i>Mark v. 41,42.</i></p>

<p><hw>Straight"ways`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Straightway.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Straik</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A strake.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Strene</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Race; stock; generation; descent;
family.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is of a noble <i>strain</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With animals and plants a cross between different
varieties, or between individuals of the same variety but of another
<i>strain</i>, gives vigor and fertility to the
offspring.</blockquote> <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hereditary character, quality, or
disposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Intemperance and lust breed diseases, which,
propogated, spoil the <i>strain</i> of nation.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Rank; a sort.</def> "The common
<i>strain</i>."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strain</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Strained</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Straining</u>.] [OF. <i>estraindre</i>, <i>estreindre</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;treindre</i>, L. <i>stringere</i> to draw or bind tight;
probably akin to Gr. &?; a halter, &?; that which is squeezwd out, a
drop, or perhaps to E. <i>strike</i>.  Cf. <u>Strangle</u>,
<u>Strike</u>, <u>Constrain</u>, <u>District</u>, <u>Strait</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <u>Stress</u>, <u>Strict</u>, <u>Stringent</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw with force; to extend with great
effort; to stretch; as, to <i>strain</i> a rope; to <i>strain</i> the
shrouds of a ship; to <i>strain</i> the cords of a musical
instrument.</def> "To <i>strain</i> his fetters with a stricter care."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>To act upon, in any way, so
as to cause change of form or volume, as forces on a beam to bend
it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To exert to the utmost; to ply
vigorously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He sweats,<BR>
<i>Strains</i> his young nerves.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>strain</i> their warbling throats<BR>
To welcome in the spring.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To stretch beyond its proper limit; to do
violence to, in the matter of intent or meaning; as, to <i>strain</i>
the law in order to convict an accused person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There can be no other meaning in this expression,
however some may pretend to <i>strain</i> it.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To injure by drawing, stretching, or the
exertion of force; as, the gale <i>strained</i> the timbers of the
ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To injure in the muscles or joints by
causing to make too strong an effort; to harm by overexertion; to
sprain; as, to <i>strain</i> a horse by overloading; to <i>strain</i>
the wrist; to <i>strain</i> a muscle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Prudes decayed about may track,<BR>
<i>Strain</i> their necks with looking back.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To squeeze; to press closely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Evander with a close embrace<BR>
<i>Strained</i> his departing friend.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To make uneasy or unnatural; to produce
with apparent effort; to force; to constrain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He talks and plays with Fatima, but his mirth<BR>
Is forced and <i>strained</i>.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The quality of mercy is not
<i>strained</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To urge with importunity; to press; as, to
<i>strain</i> a petition or invitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Note, if your lady <i>strain</i> his
entertainment.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To press, or cause to pass, through a
strainer, as through a screen, a cloth, or some porous substance; to
purify, or separate from extraneous or solid matter, by filtration; to
filter; as, to <i>strain</i> milk through cloth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To strain a point</b></col>, <cd>to make a special effort;
especially, to do a degree of violence to some principle or to one's
own feelings.</cd> -- <col><b>To strain courtesy</b></col>, <cd>to go
beyond what courtesy requires; to insist somewhat too much upon the
precedence of others; -- often used ironically.</cd> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1422 !></p>

<p><hw>Strain</hw> (str&amacr;n), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make violent efforts.</def>
"<i>Straining</i> with too weak a wing."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To build his fortune I will <i>strain</i> a
little.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To percolate; to be filtered; as, water
<i>straining</i> through a sandy soil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strain</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of straining, or the state of being strained.</def> Specifically:
--</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A violent effort; an excessive and hurtful
exertion or tension, as of the muscles; as, he lifted the weight with
a <i>strain</i>; the <i>strain</i> upon a ship's rigging in a gale;
also, the hurt or injury resulting; a sprain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether any poet of our country since Shakespeare has
exerted a greater variety of powers with less <i>strain</i> and less
ostentation.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Credit is gained by custom, and seldom recovers a
<i>strain</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mech. Physics)</i> <def>A change of form or
dimensions of a solid or liquid mass, produced by a stress.</def>
<i>Rankine.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A portion of music divided
off by a double bar; a complete musical period or sentence; a
movement, or any rounded subdivision of a movement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their heavenly harps a lower <i>strain</i>
began.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any sustained note or movement; a song; a
distinct portion of an ode or other poem; also, the pervading note, or
burden, of a song, poem, oration, book, etc.; theme; motive; manner;
style; also, a course of action or conduct; as, he spoke in a noble
<i>strain</i>; there was a <i>strain</i> of woe in his story; a
<i>strain</i> of trickery appears in his career.</def> "A
<i>strain</i> of gallantry."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such take too high a <i>strain</i> at
first.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The genius and <i>strain</i> of the book of
Proverbs.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It [Pilgrim's Progress] seems a novelty, and yet
contains<BR>
Nothing but sound and honest gospel <i>strains</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Turn; tendency; inborn disposition.  Cf.
1st <u>Strain</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Because heretics have a <i>strain</i> of madness, he
applied her with some corporal chastisements.</blockquote>
<i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strain"a*ble</hw> (-&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being strained.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Violent in action.</def>
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strain"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Violently.</def>
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strained</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Subjected to great or excessive tension; wrenched; weakened; as,
<i>strained</i> relations between old friends.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Done or produced with straining or
excessive effort; as, his wit was <i>strained</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strain"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who strains.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That through which any liquid is passed for
purification or to separate it from solid matter; anything, as a
screen or a cloth, used to strain a liquid; a device of the character
of a sieve or of a filter; specifically, an openwork or perforated
screen, as for the end of the suction pipe of a pump, to prevent large
solid bodies from entering with a liquid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strain"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Strain</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Straining piece</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a short piece
of timber in a truss, used to maintain the ends of struts or rafters,
and keep them from slipping. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Queen-
post</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Straint</hw> (str&amacr;nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>estrainte</i>, <i>estreinte</i>, F. <i>&eacute;trainte</i>. See 2nd
<u>Strain</u>.] <def>Overexertion; excessive tension; strain.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strait</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>A variant of
<u>Straight</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Strait</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Straiter</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Straitest</u>.] [OE. <i>straight</i>,
<i>streyt</i>, <i>streit</i>, OF. <i>estreit</i>, <i>estroit</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;troit</i>, from L. <i>strictus</i> drawn together, close,
tight, p. p. of <i>stringere</i> to draw tight. See 2nd <u>Strait</u>,
and cf. <u>Strict</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Narrow; not
broad.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Strait</i> is the gate, and narrow is the way, which
leadeth unto life, and few there be that find it.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. vii. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Too <i>strait</i> and low our cottage
doors.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tight; close; closely fitting.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Close; intimate; near; familiar.</def>
[Obs.] "A <i>strait</i> degree of favor."  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Strict; scrupulous; rigorous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some certain edicts and some <i>strait</i>
decrees.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>straitest</i> sect of our religion.</blockquote>
<i>Acts xxvi. 5 (Rev. Ver.).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Difficult; distressful; straited.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To make your <i>strait</i> circumstances yet
<i>straiter</i>.</blockquote> <i>Secker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Parsimonious; niggargly; mean.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I beg cold comfort, and you are so <i>strait</i>,<BR>
And so ingrateful, you deny me that.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strait</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Strictly;
rigorously.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strait</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Straits</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>straight</i>, <i>streit</i>,
OF. <i>estreit</i>, <i>estroit</i>. See <u>Strait</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A narrow pass or
passage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He brought him through a darksome narrow
<i>strait</i><BR>
To a broad gate all built of beaten gold.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Honor travels in a <i>strait</i> so narrow<BR>
Where one but goes abreast.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Specifically: <i>(Geog.)</i> <def>A
(comparatively) narrow passageway connecting two large bodies of
water; -- often in the plural; as, the <i>strait</i>, or
<i>straits</i>, of Gibraltar; the <i>straits</i> of Magellan; the
<i>strait</i>, or <i>straits</i>, of Mackinaw.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We steered directly through a large outlet which they
call a <i>strait</i>, though it be fifteen miles broad.</blockquote>
<i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A neck of land; an isthmus.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A dark <i>strait</i> of barren land.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A condition of narrowness or
restriction; doubt; distress; difficulty; poverty; perplexity; --
sometimes in the plural; as, reduced to great
<i>straits</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For I am in a <i>strait</i> betwixt two.</blockquote>
<i>Phil. i. 23.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let no man, who owns a Providence, grow desperate under
any calamity or <i>strait</i> whatsoever.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ulysses made use of the pretense of natural infirmity
to conceal the <i>straits</i> he was in at that time in his
thoughts.</blockquote> <i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strait</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put to
difficulties.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strait"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Straitened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Straitening</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make strait; to make
narrow; hence, to contract; to confine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Waters, when <i>straitened</i>, as at the falls of
bridges, give a roaring noise.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In narrow circuit, <i>straitened</i> by a
foe.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make tense, or tight; to
tighten.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>straiten</i> at each end the cord.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To restrict; to distress or embarrass in
respect of means or conditions of life; -- used chiefly in the past
participle; -- as, a man <i>straitened</i> in his
circumstances.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strait"-hand`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Parsimonious; sparing; niggardly.</def> [R.] -- <wf>Strait"-
hand`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Strait"-jack`et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dress of
strong materials for restraining maniacs or those who are violently
delirious. It has long sleeves, which are closed at the ends,
confining the hands, and may be tied behind the back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strait"-laced`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Bound with stays.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let nature have scope to fashion the body as she thinks
best; we have few well-shaped that are <i>strait-
laced</i>.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Restricted; stiff; constrained.</def> [R.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Rigid in opinion; strict in manners or
morals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strait"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a strait manner; narrowly; strictly; rigorously.</def>
<i>Mark i. 43.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Closely; intimately.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Strait"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
condition of being strait; especially, a pinched condition or
situation caused by poverty; as, the <i>straitness</i>of their
circumstances.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strait"-waist`coat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Strait-jacket</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strake</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Strike</u>.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strake</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Streak</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A streak.</def> [Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i>"White
<i>strake</i>." <i>Gen. xxx. 37.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An iron band by which the fellies of a
wheel are secured to each other, being not continuous, as the tire is,
but made up of separate pieces.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>One breadth of planks
or plates forming a continuous range on the bottom or sides of a
vessel, reaching from the stem to the stern; a streak.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The planks or plates next the keel are called the
<i>garboard strakes</i>; the next, or the heavy strakes at the bilge,
are the <i>bilge strakes</i>; the next, from the water line to the
lower port sill, the <i>wales</i>; and the upper parts of the sides,
the <i>sheer strakes</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A trough for washing broken
ore, gravel, or sand; a launder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Pupil of the
eye.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stram</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. LG.
<i>strammen</i> to strain, straiten, stretch, D. <i>stram</i>
strained, tight, G. <i>stramm</i>.] <def>To spring or recoil with
violence.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stram</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To dash down; to
beat.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stram"ash</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Stramazoun</u>.] <def>To strike, beat, or bang; to break; to
destroy.</def> [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stram"ash</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A turmoil; a broil; a
fray; a fight.</def> [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]  <i>Barham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stram"a*zoun</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>estrama&ccedil;on</i>, It. <i>stramazzone</i>.] <def>A direct
descending blow with the edge of a sword.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stra*min"e*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stramineus</i>, fr. <i>stramen</i> straw, fr. <i>sternere</i>,
<i>stratum</i>, to spread out, to strew.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Strawy; consisting of straw.</def>  <i>Robinson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Chaffy; like straw; straw-colored.</def>
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stra*mo"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; Cf. F.
<i>stramoine</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A poisonous plant (<i>Datura
Stramonium</i>); stinkweed. See <u>Datura</u>, and <u>Jamestown
weed</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stram"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Stramonium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strand</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably fr. D.
<i>streen</i> a skein; akin to G. <i>str&auml;hne</i> a skein, lock of
hair, strand of a rope.] <def>One of the twists, or strings, as of
fibers, wires, etc., of which a rope is composed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strand</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To break a strand of
(a rope).</def></p>

<p><hw>Strand</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>strand</i>; akin to
D., G., Sw., & Dan. <i>strand</i>, Icel. <i>str&ouml;nd</i>.] <def>The
shore, especially the beach of a sea, ocean, or large lake; rarely,
the margin of a navigable river.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Strand birds</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Shore birds</i>, under <u>Shore</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Strand
plover</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a black-bellied plover. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Plover</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Strand wolf</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the brown hyena.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Strand</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stranded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stranding</u>.] <def>To drive on a strand; hence, to run aground;
as, to <i>strand</i> a ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strand</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To drift, or be
driven, on shore to run aground; as, the ship <i>stranded</i> at high
water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strang</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Strong</u>.]
<def>Strong.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strange</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Stranger</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Strangest</u> (?).] [OE. <i>estrange</i>,
F. <i>&eacute;trange</i>, fr. L. <i>extraneus</i> that is without,
external, foreign, fr. <i>extra</i> on the outside. See <u>Extra</u>,
and cf. <u>Estrange</u>, <u>Extraneous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Belonging to another country; foreign.</def> "To seek
<i>strange</i> strands."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One of the <i>strange</i> queen's lords.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I do not contemn the knowledge of <i>strange</i> and
divers tongues.</blockquote> <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to others; not one's own;
not pertaining to one's self; not domestic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So she, impatient her own faults to see,<BR>
Turns from herself, and in <i>strange</i> things
delights.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not before known, heard, or seen;
new.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here is the hand and seal of the duke; you know the
character, I doubt not; and the signet is not <i>strange</i> to
you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not according to the common way; novel;
odd; unusual; irregular; extraordinary; unnatural; queer.</def> "He is
sick of a <i>strange</i> fever."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sated at length, erelong I might perceive<BR>
<i>Strange</i> alteration in me.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Reserved; distant in deportment.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She may be <i>strange</i> and shy at first, but will
soon learn to love thee.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Backward; slow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Who, loving the effect, would not be <i>strange</i><BR>
In favoring the cause.</blockquote> <i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Not familiar; unaccustomed;
inexperienced.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In thy fortunes am unlearned and
<i>strange</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Strange</i> is often used as an exclamation.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Strange</i>! what extremes should thus preserve the
snow<BR>
High on the Alps, or in deep caves below.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Strange sail</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>an unknown
vessel.</cd> -- <col><b>Strange woman</b></col> <i>(Script.)</i>,
<cd>a harlot.</cd> <i>Prov. v. 3.</i> -- <col><b>To make it
strange</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To assume ignorance,
suspicion, or alarm, concerning it</cd>. <i>Shak.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To make it a matter of difficulty.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>To make strange</b></col>, <col><b>To make
one's self strange</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To profess
ignorance or astonishment</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To assume the
character of a stranger</cd>. <i>Gen. xlii. 7.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Foreign; new; outlandish; wonderful; astonishing;
marvelous; unusual; odd; uncommon; irregular; queer; eccentric.</p>

<p><hw>Strange</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Strangely.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Most <i>strange</i>, but yet most truly, will I
speak.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strange</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To alienate; to
estrange.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Strange</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be estranged or alienated.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wonder; to be astonished.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strange"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>As something foreign, or not one's own; in a manner adapted to
something foreign and strange.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In the manner of one who does not know
another; distantly; reservedly; coldly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You all look <i>strangely</i> on me.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I do in justice charge thee . . . <BR>
That thou commend it <i>strangely</i> to some place<BR>
Where chance may nurse or end it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In a strange manner; in a manner or degree
to excite surprise or wonder; wonderfully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How <i>strangely</i> active are the arts of
peace!</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It would <i>strangely</i> delight you to see with what
spirit he converses.</blockquote> <i>Law.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strange"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being strange (in any sense of the adjective).</def></p>

<p><hw>Stran"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>estrangier</i>, F. <i>&eacute;tranger</i>. See <u>Strange</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who is strange, foreign, or unknown.</def>
Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One who comes from a foreign land; a
foreigner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am a most poor woman and a <i>stranger</i>,<BR>
Born out of your dominions.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One whose home is at a distance from the
place where he is, but in the same country.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>One who is unknown or unacquainted; as,
the gentleman is a <i>stranger</i> to me; hence, one not admitted to
communication, fellowship, or acquaintance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Melons on beds of ice are taught to bear,<BR>
And <i>strangers</i> to the sun yet ripen here.</blockquote>
<i>Granville.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My child is yet a <i>stranger</i> in the
world.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I was no <i>stranger</i> to the original.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One not belonging to the family or
household; a guest; a visitor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To honor and receive<BR>
Our heavenly <i>stranger</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One not privy or party an act,
contract, or title; a mere intruder or intermeddler; one who
interferes without right; as, actual possession of land gives a good
title against a <i>stranger</i> having no title; as to
<i>strangers</i>, a mortgage is considered merely as a pledge; a mere
<i>stranger</i> to the levy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stran"ger</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To estrange; to
alienate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stran"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Strangled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Strangling</u> (?).] [OF. <i>estrangler</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;trangler</i>, L. <i>strangulare</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;, fr. &?;
a halter; and perhaps akin to E. <i>string</i>, n.  Cf. <u>Strain</u>,
<u>String</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To compress the windpipe of (a
person or animal) until death results from stoppage of respiration; to
choke to death by compressing the throat, as with the hand or a
rope.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our Saxon ancestors compelled the adulteress to
<i>strangle</i> herself.</blockquote> <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stifle, choke, or suffocate in any
manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shall I not then be stifled in the vault, . . . <BR>
And there die <i>strangled</i> ere my Romeo comes?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To hinder from appearance; to stifle; to
suppress.</def> "<i>Strangle</i> such thoughts."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stran"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be strangled,
or suffocated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stran"gle*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being strangled.</def> [R.]  <i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stran"gler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, strangles.</def> "The very <i>strangler</i> of their amity."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1423 !></p>

<p><hw>Stran"gles</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A disease in
horses and swine, in which the upper part of the throat, or groups of
lymphatic glands elsewhere, swells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stran"gu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Strangulated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stran"gu*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Having the circulation stopped
by compression; attended with arrest or obstruction of circulation,
caused by constriction or compression; as, a <i>strangulated</i>
hernia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Contracted at irregular
intervals, if tied with a ligature; constricted.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Strangulated hernia</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Hernia</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stran"gu*la`tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>strangulatio</i>: cf. F. <i>strangulation</i>. See
<u>Strangle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of strangling, or
the state of being strangled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inordinate compression or
constriction of a tube or part, as of the throat; especially, such as
causes a suspension of breathing, of the passage of contents, or of
the circulation, as in cases of hernia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stran*gu"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stranguriosus</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
strangury.</def>  <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stran"gu*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stranguria</i>, Gr. &?;; &?;, &?;, a drop + &?; to make water, &?;
urine: cf. F. <i>strangurie</i>. See <u>Strangle</u>, and
<u>Urine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A painful
discharge of urine, drop by drop, produced by spasmodic muscular
contraction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A swelling or other disease
in a plant, occasioned by a ligature fastened tightly about
it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stra"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The guillemot.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Strap</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>strope</i>, AS.
<i>stropp</i>, L. <i>stroppus</i>, <i>struppus</i>, perhaps fr. Gr.
&?; a band or cord, fr. &?; to twist, to turn (cf. <u>Strophe</u>).
Cf. <u>Strop</u> a strap, a piece of rope.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
long, narrow, pliable strip of leather, cloth, or the like;
specifically, a strip of thick leather used in flogging.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A lively cobbler that . . . had scarce passed a day
without giving her [his wife] the discipline of the
<i>strap</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something made of such a strip, or of a
part of one, or a combination of two or more for a particular use; as,
a boot <i>strap</i>, shawl <i>strap</i>, stirrup
<i>strap</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A piece of leather, or strip of wood
covered with a suitable material, for sharpening a razor; a
strop.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A narrow strip of anything, as of iron or
brass.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Carp. & Mach.)</i> <def>A band, plate, or
loop of metal for clasping and holding timbers or parts of a
machine.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A piece of rope or metal
passing around a block and used for fastening it to
anything.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The flat
part of the corolla in ligulate florets, as those of the white circle
in the daisy.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The leaf, exclusive of
its sheath, in some grasses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A shoulder strap. See under
<u>Shoulder</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Strap bolt</b></col>, <cd>a bolt of which one end is a flat
bar of considerable length.</cd> -- <col><b>Strap head</b></col>
<i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a journal box, or pair of brasses, secured to the
end of a connecting rod by a strap. See <i>Illust.</i> of <i>Gib and
key</i>, under <u>Gib</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Strap hinge</b></col>,
<cd>a hinge with long flaps by which it is fastened, as to a door or
wall.</cd> -- <col><b>Strap rail</b></col> <i>(Railroads)</i>, <cd>a
flat rail formerly used.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Strap</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Strapped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Strapping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To beat or chastise with a
strap.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fasten or bind with a strap.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To sharpen by rubbing on a strap, or strop;
as, to <i>strap</i> a razor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strap*pa"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Strappadoes</b></plw> (#). [It. <i>strappata</i> a pull, the
strappado, from <i>strappare</i> to pull, from Prov. G.
<i>strapfen</i>: cf. G. <i>straff</i> tense, stretched.] <def>A
military punishment formerly practiced, which consisted in drawing an
offender to the top of a beam and letting him fall to the length of
the rope, by which means a limb was often dislocated.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strap*pa"do</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To punish or
torture by the strappado.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strap"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who uses strap.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person or thing of uncommon size.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Strap"ping</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tall; strong;
lusty; large; as, a <i>strapping</i> fellow.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There are five and thirty <i>strapping</i> officers
gone.</blockquote> <i>Farquhar.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strap"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To hold or
bind with, or as with, a strap; to entangle.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strap"-shaped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shaped like
a strap; ligulate; as, a <i>strap-shaped</i> corolla.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strap"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>A kind of ornament consisting of a narrow fillet or band folded,
crossed, and interlaced.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strass</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from its
inventor, a German jeweler: cf. F. <i>stras</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A brilliant glass, used in the manufacture of artificial paste
gems, which consists essentially of a complex borosilicate of lead and
potassium.  Cf. <u>Glass</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stra"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Stratum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strat"a*gem</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>stratag&egrave;me</i> (cf. Sp. <i>estratagema</i>, It.
<i>stratagemma</i>), L. <i>strategema</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to be
leader of an army, fr. &?; a general; &?; an army (probably as being
spread out; cf. <u>Stratum</u>) + &?; to lead. See <u>Agent</u>.]
<def>An artifice or trick in war for deceiving the enemy; hence, in
general, artifice; deceptive device; secret plot; evil
machination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fit for treasons, <i>stratagems</i>, and
spoils.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those oft are <i>stratagems</i> which error seem,<BR>
Nor is it Homer nods, but we that dream.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strat`a*gem"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Containing stratagem; as, a <i>stratagemical</i> epistle.</def>
[R.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strat`a*rith"me*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
army + &?; number + <i>-metry</i>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The art of
drawing up an army, or any given number of men, in any geometrical
figure, or of estimating or expressing the number of men in such a
figure.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Strat`e*get"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Strat`e*get"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Strategic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strat`e*get"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Strategy.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stra*te"gic</hw> (?), <hw>Stra*te"gic*al</hw>, }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; of or for a general: cf. F.
<i>strat&eacute;gique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to strategy;
effected by artifice.</def> -- <wf>Stra*te"gic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Strategic line</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a line joining
strategic points.</cd> -- <col><b>Strategic point</b></col>
<i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>any point or region in the theater or warlike
operations which affords to its possessor an advantage over his
opponent, as a mountain pass, a junction of rivers or roads, a
fortress, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stra*te"gics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Strategy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strat"e*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>strat&eacute;giste</i>.] <def>One skilled in strategy, or the
science of directing great military movements.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stra*te"gus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Strategi</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?;. See
<u>Stratagem</u>.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>The leader or commander of
an army; a general.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strat"e*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>strat&eacute;gie</i>. See <u>Stratagem</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The science of military command, or the science of projecting
campaigns and directing great military movements;
generalship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The use of stratagem or artifice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strath</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael. <i>srath</i>.]
<def>A valley of considerable size, through which a river runs; a
valley bottom; -- often used in composition with the name of the
river; as, <i>Strath</i> Spey, <i>Strath</i>don,
<i>Strath</i>more.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The long green <i>strath</i> of Napa
valley.</blockquote> <i>R. L. Stevenson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strath"spey`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from the
district of <i>Strath Spey</i> in Scotland.] <def>A lively Scottish
dance, resembling the reel, but slower; also, the tune.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stra*tic"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Dim. Fr.
<i>stratum</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Characterized by the presence of
thin parallel strata, or layers, as in an agate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strat`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>stratification</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of
laying in strata, or the state of being laid in the form of strata, or
layers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The deposition of
material in successive layers in the growth of a cell wall, thus
giving rise to a stratified appearance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strat"i*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having its
substance arranged in strata, or layers; as, <i>stratified</i>
rock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strat"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
form of strata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strat"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stratified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stratifying</u> (?).] [<i>Stratum</i> + <i>-fy</i>: cf. F.
<i>stratifier</i>.] <def>To form or deposit in strata, or layers, as
substances in the earth; to arrange in strata.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Strat`i*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Strat`i*graph"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or depended
upon, the order or arrangement of strata; as, <i>stratigraphical</i>
evidence.</def> -- <wf>Strat`i*graph"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Strat`i*graph"ic</hw>, <hw>-ic*al</hw>  },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>See
<u>Stratographic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stra*tig"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stratum</i>
+ <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>That branch of geology which treats of the
arrangement and succession of strata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stra*toc"ra*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; an army
+ <i>-cracy</i>, as in demo<i>cracy</i>: cf. F. <i>stratocratie</i>.]
<def>A military government; government by military chiefs and an
army.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Strat`o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Strat`o*graph"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
stratography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stra*tog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; an army
+ <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>A description of an army, or of what belongs
to an army.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stra*ton"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; an army.]
<def>Of or pertaining to an army.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Stra*tot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Warlike;
military.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Stra"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Stratums</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Strata</b></plw> (#). The
latter is more common. [L., from <i>sternere</i>, <i>stratum</i>, to
spread; akin to Gr. &?; to spread, strew. See <u>Strew</u>, and cf.
<u>Consternation</u>, <u>Estrade</u>, <u>Prostrate</u>,
<u>Stratus</u>, <u>Street</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>A bed of earth or rock of one kind, formed by natural causes, and
consisting usually of a series of layers, which form a rock as it lies
between beds of other kinds. Also used figuratively.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bed or layer artificially made; a
course.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stra"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stratus</i> a
spreading out, scattering, from <i>sternere</i>, <i>stratum</i>, to
spread.] <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>A form of clouds in which they are
arranged in a horizontal band or layer. See <u>Cloud</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Straught</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Stretch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Straught</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To stretch; to make
straight.</def> [Written also <i>straucht</i>.] [Scot.]  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Straw</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To spread or
scatter. See <u>Strew</u>, and <u>Strow</u>.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Straw</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>straw</i>,
<i>stre</i>, <i>stree</i>, AS. <i>stre&aacute;w</i>, from the root of
E. <i>strew</i>; akin to OFries. <i>str&emacr;</i>, D. <i>stroo</i>,
G. <i>stroh</i>, OHG. <i>str&omacr;</i>, Icel. <i>str&amacr;</i>, Dan.
<i>straa</i>, Sw. <i>str&aring;</i>. &radic;166. See <u>Strew</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stalk or stem of certain species of grain,
pulse, etc., especially of wheat, rye, oats, barley, more rarely of
buckwheat, beans, and pease.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The gathered and thrashed stalks of certain
species of grain, etc.; as, a bundle, or a load, of rye
<i>straw</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything proverbially worthless; the least
possible thing; a mere trifle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I set not a <i>straw</i> by thy dreamings.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Straw</i> is often used in the formation of self-
explaining compounds; as, <i>straw</i>-built, <i>straw</i>-crowned,
<i>straw</i>-roofed, <i>straw</i>-stuffed, and the like.</p>

<p><col><b>Man of straw</b></col>, <cd>an effigy formed by stuffing
the garments of a man with straw; hence, a fictitious person; an
irresponsible person; a puppet.</cd> -- <col><b>Straw bail</b></col>,
<cd>worthless bail, as being given by irresponsible persons.</cd>
[Colloq. U.S.] -- <col><b>Straw bid</b></col>, <cd>a worthless bid; a
bid for a contract which the bidder is unable or unwilling to
fulfill.</cd> [Colloq. U.S.] -- <col><b>Straw cat</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the pampas cat.</cd> -- <col><b>Straw
color</b></col>, <cd>the color of dry straw, being a delicate
yellow.</cd> -- <col><b>Straw drain</b></col>, <cd>a drain filled with
straw.</cd> -- <col><b>Straw plait</b></col>, or <col><b>Straw
plat</b></col>, <cd>a strip formed by plaiting straws, used for making
hats, bonnets, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>To be in the straw</b></col>,
<cd>to be brought to bed, as a pregnant woman.</cd> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Straw"ber*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>stre&aacute;wberige</i>; <i>stre&aacute;w</i> straw + <i>berie</i>
berry; perhaps from the resemblance of the runners of the plant to
straws.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A fragrant edible berry, of a delicious
taste and commonly of a red color, the fruit of a plant of the genus
<i>Fragaria</i>, of which there are many varieties. Also, the plant
bearing the fruit. The common American strawberry is <i>Fragaria
virginiana</i>; the European, <i>F. vesca</i>. There are also other
less common species.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Strawberry bass</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Calico bass</i>, under <u>Calico</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Strawberry
blite</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Blite</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Strawberry borer</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several species of insects whose larv&aelig; burrow in the crown or
roots of the strawberry vine.</cd> Especially: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The root borer (<i>Anarsia lineatella</i>), a very small dark gray
moth whose larv&aelig; burrow both in the larger roots and crown,
often doing great damage.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The crown borer
(<i>Tyloderma fragari&aelig;</i>), a small brown weevil whose larva
burrows in the crown and kills the plant.</cd> -- <col><b>Strawberry
bush</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American shrub (<i>Euonymus
Americanus</i>), a kind of spindle tree having crimson pods and the
seeds covered with a scarlet aril.</cd> -- <col><b>Strawberry
crab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small European spider crab
(<i>Eurynome aspera</i>); -- so called because the back is covered
with pink tubercles.</cd> -- <col><b>Strawberry fish</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the amadavat.</cd> -- <col><b>Strawberry
geranium</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of saxifrage
(<i>Saxifraga sarmentosa</i>) having reniform leaves, and producing
long runners like those of the strawberry.</cd> -- <col><b>Strawberry
leaf</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The leaf of the
strawberry</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The symbol of the rank or
estate of a duke, because the ducal coronet is twined with strawberry
leaves</cd>. "The <i>strawberry leaves</i> on her chariot panels are
engraved on her ladyship's heart." <i>Thackeray.</i> --
<col><b>Strawberry-leaf roller</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
one of several species of moths whose larv&aelig; roll up, and feed
upon, the leaves of the strawberry vine; especially, <i>Phoxopteris
fragari&aelig;</i>, and <i>Eccopsis permundana</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Strawberry moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several species of moth whose larv&aelig; feed on the strawberry
vines</cd>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The smeared dagger (<i>Apatela
oblinita</i>), whose large hairy larva is velvety black with two rows
of bright yellow spots on each side.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
geometrid (<i>Angerona crocataria</i>) which is yellow with dusky
spots on the wings. Called also <i>currant moth</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Strawberry pear</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the red ovoid
fruit of a West Indian plant of the genus Cereus (<i>C.
triangularia</i>). It has a sweetish flavor, and is slightly acid,
pleasant, and cooling. Also, the plant bearing the fruit.</cd> --
<col><b>Strawberry sawfly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small
black sawfly (<i>Emphytus maculatus</i>) whose larva eats the leaves
of the strawberry vine.</cd> -- <col><b>Strawberry tomato</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Alkekengi</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Strawberry
tree</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Arbutus</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Strawberry vine</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the plant which
yields the strawberry.</cd> -- <col><b>Strawberry worm</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the larva of any moth which feeds on the
strawberry vine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Straw"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Pasteboard
made of pulp of straw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Straw"-col`ored</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being of a
straw color. See <i>Straw color</i>, under <u>Straw</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Straw"-cut`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
instrument to cut straw for fodder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strawed</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Straw</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Straw"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A caddice
worm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Straw"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
straw; made of, or resembling, straw.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stray</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Strayed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Straying</u>.] [OF. <i>estraier</i>, <i>estraer</i>, to stray, or
as adj., stray, fr. (assumed) L. <i>stratarius</i> roving the streets,
fr. L. <i>strata</i> (sc. <i>via</i>) a paved road. See <u>Street</u>,
and <u>Stray</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
wander, as from a direct course; to deviate, or go out of the
way.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thames among the wanton valleys
<i>strays</i>.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wander from company, or from the proper
limits; to rove at large; to roam; to go astray.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now, until the break of day,<BR>
Through this house each fairy <i>stray</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A sheep doth very often <i>stray</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively, to wander from the path of
duty or rectitude; to err.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have erred and <i>strayed</i> from thy
ways.</blockquote> <i>&?;&?;&?; of Com. Prayer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>While meaner things, whom instinct leads,<BR>
Are rarely known to <i>stray</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To deviate; err; swerve; rove; roam; wander.</p>

<p><hw>Stray</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to
stray.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stray</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>estrai&eacute;</i>, p. p. of <i>estraier</i>. See <u>Stray</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Astray</u>, <u>Estray</u>.]
<def>Having gone astray; strayed; wandering; as, a <i>stray</i>horse
or sheep.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stray line</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>that portion of
the log line which is veered from the reel to allow the chip to get
clear of the stern eddies before the glass is turned.</cd> --
<col><b>Stray mark</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the mark indicating
the end of the stray line.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stray</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any
domestic animal that has an inclosure, or its proper place and
company, and wanders at large, or is lost; an estray.  Used also
figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Seeing him wander about, I took him up for a
<i>stray</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of wandering or going astray.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1424 !></p>

<p><hw>Stray"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who strays; a
wanderer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Straw.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Streak</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Stretch</u>,
<u>Streek</u>.] <def>To stretch; to extend; hence, to lay out, as a
dead body.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Streak</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>streke</i>; akin to
D. <i>streek</i> a line, stroke, G. <i>strich</i>, AS. <i>strica</i>,
Sw. <i>strek</i>, Dan. <i>streg</i>, Goth. <i>stricks</i>, and E.
<i>strike</i>, <i>stroke</i>. See <u>Strike</u>, <u>Stroke</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Strake</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A line or long mark of a different color from the ground; a
stripe; a vein.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What mean those colored <i>streaks</i> in
heaven?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>A strake.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>The fine powder or mark
yielded by a mineral when scratched or rubbed against a harder
surface, the color of which is sometimes a distinguishing
character.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The rung or round of a ladder.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Streak</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Streaked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Streaking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form streaks or stripes
in or on; to stripe; to variegate with lines of a different color, or
of different colors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A mule . . . <i>streaked</i> and dappled with white and
black.</blockquote> <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now <i>streaked</i> and glowing with the morning
red.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With <i>it</i> as an object: To run
swiftly.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Streaked</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Marked or variegated with stripes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Uncomfortable; out of sorts.</def> [Local,
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Streak"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Streaked</u>, 1.</def> "The <i>streaky</i> west."
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stream</hw> (str&emacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>stre&aacute;m</i>; akin to OFries. <i>str&amacr;m</i>, OS.
<i>str&omacr;m</i>, D. <i>stroom</i>, G. <i>strom</i>, OHG.
<i>stroum</i>, <i>str&umacr;m</i>, Dan. & Sw. <i>str&ouml;m</i>, Icel.
<i>straumr</i>, Ir. <i>sroth</i>, Lith. <i>srove</i>, Russ.
<i>struia</i>, Gr. <grk>"ry`sis</grk> a flowing, <grk>"rei^n</grk> to
flow, Skr. <i>sru</i>. &radic;174.  Cf. <u>Catarrh</u>,
<u>Diarrhea</u>, <u>Rheum</u>, <u>Rhythm</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A current of water or other fluid; a liquid flowing continuously
in a line or course, either on the earth, as a river, brook, etc., or
from a vessel, reservoir, or fountain; specifically, any course of
running water; as, many <i>streams</i> are blended in the Mississippi;
gas and steam came from the earth in <i>streams</i>; a <i>stream</i>
of molten lead from a furnace; a <i>stream</i> of lava from a
volcano.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A beam or ray of light.</def> "Sun
<i>streams</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything issuing or moving with continued
succession of parts; as, a <i>stream</i> of words; a <i>stream</i> of
sand.</def> "The <i>stream</i> of beneficence." <i>Atterbury.</i> "The
<i>stream</i> of emigration." <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A continued current or course; as, a
<i>stream</i> of weather.</def> "The very <i>stream</i> of his life."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Current; drift; tendency; series of tending
or moving causes; as, the <i>stream</i> of opinions or
manners.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gulf stream</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Gulf</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Stream anchor</b></col>, <col><b>Stream cable</b></col>.
<i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Anchor</u>, and <u>Cable</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Stream ice</b></col>, <cd>blocks of ice floating in a mass
together in some definite direction.</cd> -- <col><b>Stream
tin</b></col>, <cd>particles or masses of tin ore found in alluvial
ground; -- so called because a <i>stream</i> of water is the principal
agent used in separating the ore from the sand and gravel.</cd> --
<col><b>Stream works</b></col> <i>(Cornish Mining)</i>, <cd>a place
where an alluvial deposit of tin ore is worked.</cd> <i>Ure.</i> --
<col><b>To float with the stream</b></col>, <cd>figuratively, to drift
with the current of opinion, custom, etc., so as not to oppose or
check it.</cd>
</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Current; flow; rush; tide; course.  --
<u>Stream</u>, <u>Current</u>. These words are often properly
interchangeable; but <i>stream</i> is the broader word, denoting a
prevailing onward course. The <i>stream</i> of the Mississippi rolls
steadily on to the Gulf of Mexico, but there are reflex
<i>currents</i> in it which run for a while in a contrary
direction.</p>

<p><hw>Stream</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Streamed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Streaming</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To issue or flow in a
stream; to flow freely or in a current, as a fluid or whatever is
likened to fluids; as, tears <i>streamed</i> from her eyes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beneath those banks where rivers
<i>stream</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pour out, or emit, a stream or
streams.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A thousand suns will <i>stream</i> on
thee.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To issue in a stream of light; to
radiate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To extend; to stretch out with a wavy
motion; to float in the wind; as, a flag <i>streams</i> in the
wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stream</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To send forth in a
current or stream; to cause to flow; to pour; as, his eyes
<i>streamed</i> tears.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It may so please that she at length will
<i>stream</i><BR>
Some dew of grace into my withered heart.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mark with colors or embroidery in long
tracts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The herald's mantle is <i>streamed</i> with
gold.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To unfurl.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To stream the buoy</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Buoy</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stream"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An ensign, flag, or pennant, which floats in the wind;
specifically, a long, narrow, ribbonlike flag.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Brave Rupert from afar appears,<BR>
Whose waving <i>streamers</i> the glad general knows.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A stream or column of light shooting upward
from the horizon, constituting one of the forms of the aurora
borealis.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>While overhead the North's dumb <i>streamers</i>
shoot.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A searcher for stream
tin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stream"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding in
streams, or in water.</def> "The <i>streamful</i> tide."
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stream"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being streamy; a trailing.</def>  <i>R. A. Proctor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stream"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sending forth
streams.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stream"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or operation of that which streams; the act of that which
sends forth, or which runs in, streams.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The reduction of stream
tin; also, the search for stream tin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stream"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
streams, or of a stream, as a region of country, or a dry
channel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stream"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small stream;
a rivulet; a rill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stream"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Abounding with streams, or with running water;
streamful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Arcadia<BR>
However <i>streamy</i> now, adust and dry,<BR>
Denied the goddess water.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling a stream; issuing in a
stream.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His nodding helm emits a <i>streamy</i>
ray.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stree</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Straw.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Streek</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To stretch; also,
to lay out, as a dead body. See <u>Streak</u>.</def> [Obs. or Prov.
Eng. & Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Streel</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Stroll</u>.]
<def>To trail along; to saunter or be drawn along, carelessly, swaying
in a kind of zigzag motion.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Streen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Strene</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Street</hw> (str&emacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>strete</i>, AS. <i>str&aemacr;t</i>, fr. L. <i>strata</i> (sc.
<i>via</i>) a paved way, properly fem. p. p. of <i>sternere</i>,
<i>stratum</i>, to spread; akin to E. <i>strew</i>. See <u>Strew</u>,
and cf. <u>Stratum</u>, <u>Stray</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos> &
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Originally, a paved way or road; a public
highway; now commonly, a thoroughfare in a city or village, bordered
by dwellings or business houses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He removed [the body of] Amasa from the <i>street</i>
unto the field.</blockquote> <i>Coverdale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At home or through the high <i>street</i>
passing.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In an extended sense, <i>street</i> designates besides the
roadway, the walks, houses, shops, etc., which border the
thoroughfare.</p>

<p><blockquote>His deserted mansion in Duke
<i>Street</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The street</b></col> <i>(Broker's Cant)</i>, <cd>that
thoroughfare of a city where the leading bankers and brokers do
business; also, figuratively, those who do business there; as, <i>the
street</i> would not take the bonds.</cd> -- <col><b>Street
Arab</b></col>, <col><b>Street broker</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under
<u>Arab</u>, <u>Broker</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Street
door</b></col>, <cd>a door which opens upon a street, or is nearest
the street.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Way</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Street"walk`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A common
prostitute who walks the streets to find customers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Street"ward`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An officer, or
ward, having the care of the streets.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Street"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Facing toward
the street.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their little <i>streetward</i> sitting
room.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Streight</hw> (?), <pos><i>a., n., & adv.</i></pos> <def>See
2nd <u>Strait</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Streight"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Straiten</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Strein</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To strain.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Streit</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Stretch</u>.]
<def>Drawn.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Pyrrhus with his <i>streite</i> sword.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Streit</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Close; narrow;
strict.</def> [Obs.] See <u>Strait</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Streite</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Narrowly; strictly;
straitly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Strel"itz</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. sing. & pl.</i></pos> [Russ.
<i>strieli&eacute;ts'</i> a shooter, archer.] <def>A soldier of the
ancient Muscovite guard or Russian standing army; also, the guard
itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stre*litz"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., named
after Charlotte, Princess of Mecklenburg-<i>Strelitz</i>, and queen of
George III of Great Britain.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants
related to the banana, found at the Cape of Good Hope. They have rigid
glaucous distichous leaves, and peculiar richly colored
flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stren</i>,
<i>streen</i>, <i>streon</i>, AS. ge<i>stri&eacute;nan</i>,
ge<i>str&?;nan</i>, ge<i>stre&oacute;nan</i>, to beget, to obtain,
ge<i>stre&oacute;n</i> gain, wealth; akin to OHG. <i>striunan</i> to
gain.  Cf. <u>Strian</u> race, family.] <def>Race; offspring; stock;
breed; strain.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stren"ger</hw> (?), <hw>Stren"gest</hw> (?) }, <def>the
original <pos><i>compar.</i></pos> & <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> of
<u>Strong</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Two of us shall <i>strenger</i> be than
one.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strength</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>strengthe</i>,
AS. <i>streng&eth;u</i>, fr. <i>strang</i> strong. See <u>Strong</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being strong; ability
to do or to bear; capacity for exertion or endurance, whether
physical, intellectual, or moral; force; vigor; power; as,
<i>strength</i> of body or of the arm; <i>strength</i> of mind, of
memory, or of judgment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All his [Samson's] <i>strength</i> in his hairs
were.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou must outlive<BR>
Thy youth, thy <i>strength</i>, thy beauty.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Power to resist force; solidity or
toughness; the quality of bodies by which they endure the application
of force without breaking or yielding; -- in this sense opposed to
<i>frangibility</i>; as, the <i>strength</i> of a bone, of a beam, of
a wall, a rope, and the like.</def> "The brittle <i>strength</i> of
bones."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Power of resisting attacks;
impregnability.</def> "Our castle's <i>strength</i> will laugh a siege
to scorn."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That quality which tends to secure results;
effective power in an institution or enactment; security; validity;
legal or moral force; logical conclusiveness; as, the <i>strength</i>
of social or legal obligations; the <i>strength</i> of law; the
<i>strength</i> of public opinion; <i>strength</i> of evidence;
<i>strength</i> of argument.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, is regarded as
embodying or affording force, strength, or firmness; that on which
confidence or reliance is based; support; security.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God is our refuge and <i>strength</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Ps. xlvi. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What they boded would be a mischief to us, you are
providing shall be one of our principal <i>strengths</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sprat.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Certainly there is not a greater <i>strength</i>
against temptation.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Force as measured; amount, numbers, or
power of any body, as of an army, a navy, and the like; as, what is
the <i>strength</i> of the enemy by land, or by sea?</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Vigor or style; force of expression;
nervous diction; -- said of literary work.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And praise the easy vigor of a life<BR>
Where Denham's <i>strength</i> and Waller's sweetness
join.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Intensity; -- said of light or
color.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bright Ph&oelig;bus in his
<i>strength</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Intensity or degree of the distinguishing
and essential element; spirit; virtue; excellence; -- said of liquors,
solutions, etc.; as, the <i>strength</i> of wine or of
acids.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A strong place; a stronghold.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>On</b></col>, or <col><b>Upon</b></col>, <col><b>the
strength of</b></col>, <cd>in reliance upon.</cd> "The allies, after a
successful summer, are too apt, <i>upon the strength of</i> it, to
neglect their preparations for the ensuing campaign."
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Force; robustness; toughness; hardness; stoutness;
brawniness; lustiness; firmness; puissance; support; spirit; validity;
authority. See <u>Force</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Strength</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
strengthen.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strength"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Strengthened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Strengthening</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make
strong or stronger; to add strength to; as, to <i>strengthen</i> a
limb, a bridge, an army; to <i>strengthen</i> an obligation; to
<i>strengthen</i> authority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let noble Warwick, Cobham, and the rest, . . . <BR>
With powerful policy <i>strengthen</i> themselves.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To animate; to encourage; to fix in
resolution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Charge Joshua, and encourage him, and <i>strengthen</i>
him.</blockquote> <i>Deut. iii. 28.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To invigorate; confirm; establish; fortify; animate;
encourage.</p>

<p><hw>Strength"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow
strong or stronger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The young disease, that must subdue at length,<BR>
Grows with his growth, and <i>strengthens</i> with his
strength.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strength"en*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, gives or adds strength.</def>  <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strength"en*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That
strengthens; giving or increasing strength.</def> --
<wf>Strength"en*ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Strengthening plaster</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a
plaster containing iron, and supposed to have tonic effects.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Strength"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding in
strength; full of strength; strong.</def> --
<wf>Strength"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Florence my friend, in court my faction<BR>
Not meanly <i>strengthful</i>.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strength"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
stronghold.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Strength"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
strength.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strength"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Strengthener</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strength"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having strength;
strong.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stre*nu"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>strenuatis</i>.] <def>Strenuousness; activity.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stren"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>strenuus</i>;
cf. Gr. &?; strong, hard, rough, harsh.] <def>Eagerly pressing or
urgent; zealous; ardent; earnest; bold; valiant; intrepid; as, a
<i>strenuous</i> advocate for national rights; a <i>strenuous</i>
reformer; a <i>strenuous</i> defender of his country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And spirit-stirring wine, that <i>strenuous</i>
makes.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Strenuous</i>, continuous labor is
pain.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Stren"u*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Stren"u*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Strep"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>strepens</i>,
p. pr. of <i>strepere</i> to make a noise.] <def>Noisy; loud.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strep"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>streperus</i>, fr. L. <i>strepere</i>. See <u>Strepent</u>, and cf.
<u>Obstreperous</u>.] <def>Loud; boisterous.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Strep`i*to"res</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
L. <i>strepitus</i> clamor.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of
birds, including the clamatorial and picarian birds, which do not have
well developed singing organs.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Strep*sip"ter</hw> (?), <hw>Strep*sip"ter*an</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
Strepsiptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Strep*sip"te*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; a turning (fr. &?; to twist) + &?; a wing.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of small insects having the anterior
wings rudimentary, and in the form of short and slender twisted
appendages, while the posterior ones are large and membranous. They
are parasitic in the larval state on bees, wasps, and the like; --
called also <i>Rhipiptera</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Rhipipter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strep*sip"ter*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Strepsiptera</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
Strepsiptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Strep`so*rhi"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; a turning + &?;, &?;, the nose.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Lemuroidea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strep"so*rhine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having twisted nostrils; -- said of the
lemurs.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of
the Strepsorhina; a lemur. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Monkey</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Strep`to*bac*te"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>;
sing. <singw><b>Streptobracterium</b></singw> (&?;). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
pliant, bent + E. & NL. <i>bacteria</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A so-
called variety of bacterium, consisting in reality of several bacteria
linked together in the form of a chain.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Strep`to*coc"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Streptococci</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; pliant, curved +
&?; a grain, seed.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A long or short chain of
micrococci, more or less curved.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Strep`to*neu"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; curved + &?; a sinew.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive
division of gastropod Mollusca in which the loop or visceral nerves is
twisted, and the sexes separate. It is nearly to equivalent to
Prosobranchiata.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Strep"to*thrix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; pliant, bent + &?; a hair.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A genus of bacilli
occurring of the form of long, smooth and apparently branched threads,
either straight or twisted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. fr.
<i>distress</i>; or cf. OF. <i>estrecier</i> to press, pinch,
(assumed) LL. <i>strictiare</i>, fr. L. <i>strictus</i>. See
<u>Distress</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Distress.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sad hersal of his heavy <i>stress</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pressure, strain; -- used chiefly of
immaterial things; except in mechanics; hence, urgency; importance;
weight; significance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The faculties of the mind are improved by exercise, yet
they must not be put to a <i>stress</i> beyond their
strength.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A body may as well lay too little as too much
<i>stress</i> upon a dream.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mech. & Physics)</i> <def>The force, or
combination of forces, which produces a strain; force exerted in any
direction or manner between contiguous bodies, or parts of bodies, and
taking specific names according to its direction, or mode of action,
as <i>thrust</i> or <i>pressure</i>, <i>pull</i> or <i>tension</i>,
<i>shear</i> or <i>tangential stress</i>.</def>  <i>Rankine.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Stress</i> is the mutual action between portions of
matter.</blockquote> <i>Clerk Maxwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Pron.)</i> <def>Force of utterance expended
upon words or syllables. Stress is in English the chief element in
accent and is one of the most important in emphasis. See <i>Guide to
pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect; 31-35.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>Distress; the act of
distraining; also, the thing distrained.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stress of voice</b></col>, <cd>unusual exertion of the
voice.</cd> -- <col><b>Stress of weather</b></col>, <cd>constraint
imposed by continued bad weather; as, to be driven back to port by
<i>stress of weather</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To lay stress
upon</b></col>, <cd>to attach great importance to; to emphasize.</cd>
"Consider how great a <i>stress</i> is <i>laid upon</i> this duty."
<i>Atterbury.</i> -- <col><b>To put stress upon</b></col>, or
<col><b>To put to a stress</b></col>, <cd>to strain.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1425 !></p>

<p><hw>Stress</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To press; to urge; to distress; to put to difficulties.</def>
[R.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To subject to stress, pressure, or
strain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stress"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having much
stress.</def>  <i>Rush.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stretch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stretched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stretching</u>.] [OE. <i>strecchen</i>, AS. <i>streccan</i>; akin
to D. <i>strekken</i>, G. <i>strecken</i>, OHG. <i>strecchen</i>, Sw.
<i>str&auml;cka</i>, Dan. <i>str&aelig;kke</i>; cf. AS.
<i>str&aelig;ck</i>, <i>strec</i>, strong, violent, G. <i>strack</i>
straight; of uncertain origin, perhaps akin to E. <i>strong</i>.  Cf.
<u>Straight</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To reach out; to extend; to
put forth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>stretch</i> forth his neck long and
small.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I in conquest <i>stretched</i> mine arm.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw out to the full length; to cause to
extend in a straight line; as, to <i>stretch</i> a cord or
rope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to extend in breadth; to spread;
to expand; as, to <i>stretch</i> cloth; to <i>stretch</i> the
wings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make tense; to tighten; to distend
forcibly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ox hath therefore <i>stretched</i> his yoke in
vain.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To draw or pull out to greater length; to
strain; as, to <i>stretch</i> a tendon or muscle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Awake, my soul, <i>stretch</i> every
nerve.</blockquote> <i>Doddridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To exaggerate; to extend too far; as, to
<i>stretch</i> the truth; to <i>stretch</i> one's credit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They take up, one day, the most violent and
<i>stretched</i> prerogative.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stretch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be extended; to be drawn out in length or in breadth, or both;
to spread; to reach; as, the iron road <i>stretches</i> across the
continent; the lake <i>stretches</i> over fifty square
miles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As far as <i>stretcheth</i> any ground.</blockquote>
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To extend or spread one's self, or one's
limbs; as, the lazy man yawns and <i>stretches</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be extended, or to bear extension,
without breaking, as elastic or ductile substances.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The inner membrane . . . because it would
<i>stretch</i> and yield, remained umbroken.</blockquote>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To strain the truth; to exaggerate; as, a
man apt to <i>stretch</i> in his report of facts.</def> [Obs. or
Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To sail by the wind under
press of canvas; as, the ship <i>stretched</i> to the eastward.</def>
<i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Stretch out</b></col>, <cd>an order to rowers to extend
themselves forward in dipping the oar.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stretch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act
of stretching, or state of being stretched; reach; effort; struggle;
strain; as, a <i>stretch</i> of the limbs; a <i>stretch</i> of the
imagination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By <i>stretch</i> of arms the distant shore to
gain.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those put a lawful authority upon the <i>stretch</i>,
to the abuse of yower, under the color of prerogative.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A continuous line or surface; a continuous
space of time; as, grassy <i>stretches</i> of land.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A great <i>stretch</i> of cultivated
country.</blockquote> <i>W. Black.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But all of them left me a week at a
<i>stretch</i>.</blockquote> <i>E. Eggleston.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The extent to which anything may be
stretched.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Quotations, in their utmost <i>stretch</i>, can signify
no more than that Luther lay under severe agonies of
mind.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This is the utmost <i>stretch</i> that nature
can.</blockquote> <i>Granville.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The reach or extent of a
vessel's progress on one tack; a tack or board.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Course; direction; as, the <i>stretch</i>
of seams of coal.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To be on the stretch</b></col>, <cd>to be obliged to use
one's utmost powers.</cd> -- <col><b>Home stretch</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Home</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Stretch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, stretches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>A brick or stone laid with
its longer dimension in the line of direction of the wall.</def>
<i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A piece of timber used in
building.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A narrow
crosspiece of the bottom of a boat against which a rower braces his
feet.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A crosspiece placed between the
sides of a boat to keep them apart when hoisted up and griped.</def>
<i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A litter, or frame, for carrying disabled,
wounded, or dead persons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An overstretching of the truth; a
lie.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>One of the rods in an umbrella, attached at
one end to one of the ribs, and at the other to the tube sliding upon
the handle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for stretching boots or
gloves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>The frame upon which canvas is stretched
for a painting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stretch"ing</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Stretch</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Stretching course</b></col> <i>(Masonry)</i>, <cd>a course
or series of stretchers. See <u>Stretcher</u>, 2.</cd>
<i>Britton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Stret"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., close or
contacted, pressed.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
crowding of answer upon subject near the end of a fugue.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In an opera or oratorio, a coda, or winding
up, in an accelerated time.</def> [Written also <i>stretta</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Strew</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Strewed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>strewn</u>
(?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Strewing</u>.] [OE.
<i>strewen</i>, <i>strawen</i>, AS. <i>strewian</i>,
<i>stre&oacute;wian</i>; akin to Ofries. <i>strewa</i>, OS.
<i>strewian</i>, D. <i>strooijen</i>, G. <i>streuen</i>, OHG.
<i>strewen</i>, Icel. <i>str&amacr;</i>, Sw. <i>str&ouml;</i>, Dan.
<i>str&ouml;e</i>, Goth. <i>straujan</i>, L. <i>sternere</i>,
<i>stratum</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;, Skr. <i>st&?;</i>. &radic;166.  Cf.
<u>Stratum</u>, <u>Straw</u>, <u>Street</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To scatter; to spread by scattering; to cast or to throw loosely
apart; -- used of solids, separated or separable into parts or
particles; as, to <i>strew</i> seed in beds; to <i>strew</i> sand on
or over a floor; to <i>strew</i> flowers over a grave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>strewed</i> his mangled limbs about the
field.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On a principal table a desk was open and many papers
[were] <i>strewn</i> about.</blockquote> <i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover more or less thickly by scattering
something over or upon; to cover, or lie upon, by having been
scattered; as, they <i>strewed</i> the ground with leaves; leaves
<i>strewed</i> the ground.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The snow which does the top of Pindus
<i>strew</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Is thine alone the seed that <i>strews</i> the
plain?</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To spread abroad; to disseminate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She may <i>strew</i> dangerous
conjectures.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strew"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of scattering or spreading.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything that is, or may be, strewed; --
used chiefly in the plural.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strew"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything
scattered, as flowers for decoration.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strewn</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Strew</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stri"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stri&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., a furrow, channel, hollow.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A minute groove, or channel; a threadlike
line, as of color; a narrow structural band or line; a striation; as,
the <i>stri&aelig;</i>, or groovings, produced on a rock by a glacier
passing over it; the <i>stri&aelig;</i> on the surface of a shell; a
<i>stria</i> of nervous matter in the brain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A fillet between the flutes
of columns, pilasters, or the like.</def>  <i>Oxf. Gloss.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stri"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Striated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Striating</u>.] [See <u>Striate</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To
mark with stria&aelig;.</def> "<i>Striated</i> longitudinally."
<i>Owen.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stri"ate</hw> (?), <hw>Stri"a*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>striatus</i>, p. p. of <i>striare</i> to
furnish with channels, from <i>stria</i> a channel.] <def>Marked with
stria&aelig;, or fine grooves, or lines of color; showing narrow
structural bands or lines; as, a <i>striated</i> crystal;
<i>striated</i> muscular fiber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stri*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or condition of being striated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stria; as, the <i>striations</i> on a
shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stri*a"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The corpus striatum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stri"a*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>striatura</i>.] <def>A stria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strich</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L. <i>strix</i>,
<i>strigs</i>, a streech owl.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An owl.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strick</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bunch of hackled flax
prepared for drawing into slivers.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strick"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p. & a.</i></pos> from
<u>Strike</u>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Struck; smitten; wounded; as,
the <i>stricken</i> deer.</def> [See <u>Strike</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Worn out; far gone; advanced. See
<u>Strike</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 21.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Abraham was old and well <i>stricken</i> in
age.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxiv. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Whole; entire; -- said of the hour as
marked by the striking of a clock.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He persevered for a <i>stricken</i> hour in such a
torrent of unnecessary tattle.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Speeches are spoken by the <i>stricken</i> hour, day
after day, week, perhaps, after week.</blockquote> <i>Bayne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stric"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Strike</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An instrument to strike grain to a level with
the measure; a strike.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for whetting scythes; a
rifle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>An instrument used for
smoothing the surface of a core.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Carp. & Mason.)</i> <def>A templet; a
pattern.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An instrument used in dressing flax.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stric"kler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Strickle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strick"less</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Strickle</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Strict</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Stricter</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Strictest</u>.] [L. <i>strictus</i>, p.
p. of <i>stringere</i> to draw or bind tight, to strain. See
<u>Strain</u>, and cf. <u>Strait</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Strained; drawn close; tight; as, a
<i>strict</i> embrace; a <i>strict</i> ligature.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tense; not relaxed; as, a <i>strict</i>
fiber.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Exact; accurate; precise; rigorously nice;
as, to keep <i>strict</i> watch; to pay <i>strict</i> attention.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It shall be still in <i>strictest</i>
measure.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Governed or governing by exact rules;
observing exact rules; severe; rigorous; as, very <i>strict</i> in
observing the Sabbath.</def> "Through the <i>strict</i> senteries."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Rigidly; interpreted; exactly limited;
confined; restricted; as, to understand words in a <i>strict</i>
sense.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Upright, or straight and
narrow; -- said of the shape of the plants or their flower
clusters.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Exact; accurate; nice; close; rigorous; severe.  --
<u>Strict</u>, <u>Severe</u>. <i>Strict</i>, applied to a person,
denotes that he conforms in his motives and acts to a principle or
code by which he is bound; <i>severe</i> is strict with an implication
often, but not always, of harshness. <i>Strict</i> is opposed to
<i>lax</i>; <i>severe</i> is opposed to <i>gentle</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>And rules as <i>strict</i> his labored work
confine,<BR>
As if the Stagirite o'erlooked each line.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Soon moved with touch of blame, thus Eve: -<BR>
"What words have passed thy lips, Adam <i>severe</i>!"</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The Strict Observance</b></col>, or <col><b>Friars of the
Strict Observance</b></col>. <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Observance</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stric"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>strictio</i>.
See <u>Stringent</u>.] <def>The act of constricting, or the state of
being constricted.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Line of striction</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the line on
a skew surface that cuts each generator in that point of it that is
nearest to the succeeding generator.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Strict"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a strict manner;
closely; precisely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strict"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state of
being strict.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stric"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>strictura</i>
a contraction, from <i>stringere</i>, <i>strictum</i>, to draw tight:
cf. F. <i>stricture</i>. See <u>Strict</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Strictness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A man of <i>stricture</i> and firm
abstinence.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stroke; a glance; a touch.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A touch of adverse criticism;
censure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[I have] given myself the liberty of these
<i>strictures</i> by way of reflection on all and every
passage.</blockquote> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A localized morbid
contraction of any passage of the body.  Cf. <i>Organic stricture</i>,
and <i>Spasmodic stricture</i>, under <u>Organic</u>, and
<u>Spasmodic</u>.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stric"tured</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Affected with a stricture; as, a <i>strictured</i>
duct.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Stride</u>.]
<def>A narrow passage between precipitous rocks or banks, which looks
as if it might be crossed at a stride.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Howitt.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This striding place is called the
<i>Strid</i>.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stride</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Strode</u> (?) (Obs. <u>Strid</u> (&?;));
<pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Stridden</u> (?) (Obs. <u>Strid</u>);
<pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Striding</u>.] [AS.
<i>str&imacr;dan</i> to stride, to strive; akin to LG. <i>striden</i>,
OFries. <i>str&imacr;da</i> to strive, D. <i>strijden</i> to strive,
to contend, G. <i>streiten</i>, OHG. <i>str&imacr;tan</i>; of
uncertain origin.  Cf. <u>Straddle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
walk with long steps, especially in a measured or pompous
manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mars in the middle of the shining shield<BR>
Is graved, and <i>strides</i> along the liquid field.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stand with the legs wide apart; to
straddle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stride</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
pass over at a step; to step over.</def> "A debtor that not dares to
<i>stride</i> a limit."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To straddle; to bestride.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I mean to <i>stride</i> your steed.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stride</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of stridding; a
long step; the space measured by a long step; as, a masculine
<i>stride</i>.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God never meant that man should scale the heavens<BR>
By <i>strides</i> of human wisdom.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stri"dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stridens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>stridere</i> to make a grating or creaking
noise.] <def>Characterized by harshness; grating; shrill.</def> "A
<i>strident</i> voice."  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Stri"dor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from
<i>stridere</i> to make any harsh, grating, or creaking sound.] <def>A
harsh, shrill, or creaking noise.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strid"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Stridulous</u>.] <def>To make a shrill, creaking noise</def>;
specifically <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <def>to make a shrill or musical
sound, such as is made by the males of many insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strid`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
stridulating.</def> Specifically: <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The act of making shrill sounds or musical
notes by rubbing together certain hard parts, as is done by the males
of many insects, especially by Orthoptera, such as crickets,
grasshoppers, and locusts.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The noise
itself.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The crickets stridulate by rubbing together the strong
nervures of the fore wings. Many grasshoppers stridulate by rubbing
the hind legs across strong nervures on the fore wings. The green
grasshoppers and katydids stridulate by means of special organs at the
base of the fore wings.</p>

<p><hw>Strid"u*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>That
which stridulates.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strid"u*la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Stridulous; able to stridulate; used in stridulating; adapted for
stridulation.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strid"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stridulus</i>. See <u>Strident</u>.] <def>Making a shrill, creaking
sound.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Sarmatian boor driving his <i>stridulous</i>
cart.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Stridulous laryngitis</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a form
of croup, or laryngitis, in children, associated with dyspn&oelig;a,
occurring usually at night, and marked by crowing or stridulous
breathing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Strife</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>estrif</i>. See
<u>Strive</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of striving; earnest
endeavor.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exertion or contention for superiority;
contest of emulation, either by intellectual or physical
efforts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Doting about questions and <i>strifes</i> of
words.</blockquote> <i>1 Tim. vi. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus gods contended -- noble <i>strife</i> -<BR>
Who most should ease the wants of life.</blockquote>
<i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Altercation; violent contention; fight;
battle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Twenty of them fought in this black
<i>strife</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These vows, thus granted, raised a <i>strife</i>
above<BR>
Betwixt the god of war and queen of love.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which is contended against; occasion
of contest.</def> [Obs.] "Lamenting her unlucky <i>strife</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Contest; struggle; quarrel. See
<u>Contention</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Strife"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Contentious;
discordant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ape was <i>strifeful</i> and
ambitious.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stri"gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having transverse bands of color.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stri"ges</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., pl. of
<i>strix</i> a streech owl; cf. Gr. &?; a screaming night bird.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The tribe of birds which comprises the
owls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strig"il</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>strigilis</i>,
from <i>stringere</i> to graze, scrape.] <i>(Gr. & Rom. Antiq.)</i>
<def>An instrument of metal, ivory, etc., used for scraping the skin
at the bath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strig"il*lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Dim. fr.
<i>strigose</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Set with stiff, slender
bristles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stri"gine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to owls; owl-like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strig"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>strigmentum</i>.] <def>Scraping; that which is scraped off.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stri*gose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>strigueux</i>. See <u>Strigil</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Set with
stiff, straight bristles; hispid; as, a <i>strigose</i>
leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stri"gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Strigose.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><! p. 1426 !></p>

<p><hw>Strike</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Struck</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Struck</u>, <u>Stricken</u> (&?;) (<u>Stroock</u> (&?;),
<u>Strucken</u> (&?;), Obs.); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Striking</u>. <i>Struck</i> is more commonly used in the p. p. than
<i>stricken</i>.] [OE. <i>striken</i> to strike, proceed, flow, AS.
<i>str&imacr;can</i> to go, proceed, akin to D. <i>strijken</i> to
rub, stroke, strike, to move, go, G. <i>streichen</i>, OHG.
<i>str&imacr;hhan</i>, L. <i>stringere</i> to touch lightly, to graze,
to strip off (but perhaps not to L. <i>stringere</i> in sense to draw
tight), <i>striga</i> a row, a furrow.  Cf. <u>Streak</u>,
<u>Stroke</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To touch or hit with some
force, either with the hand or with an instrument; to smite; to give a
blow to, either with the hand or with any instrument or
missile.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He at Philippi kept<BR>
His sword e'en like a dancer; while I <i>struck</i><BR>
The lean and wrinkled Cassius.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To come in collision with; to strike
against; as, a bullet <i>struck</i> him; the wave <i>struck</i> the
boat amidships; the ship <i>struck</i> a reef.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give, as a blow; to impel, as with a
blow; to give a force to; to dash; to cast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They shall take of the blood, and <i>strike</i> it on
the two sideposts.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xii. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who would be free, themselves must <i>strike</i> the
blow.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To stamp or impress with a stroke; to coin;
as, to <i>strike</i> coin from metal: to <i>strike</i> dollars at the
mint.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To thrust in; to cause to enter or
penetrate; to set in the earth; as, a tree <i>strikes</i> its roots
deep.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To punish; to afflict; to smite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To punish the just is not good, nor <i>strike</i>
princes for equity.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xvii. 26.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To cause to sound by one or more beats; to
indicate or notify by audible strokes; as, the clock <i>strikes</i>
twelve; the drums <i>strike</i> up a march.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To lower; to let or take down; to remove;
as, to <i>strike</i> sail; to <i>strike</i> a flag or an ensign, as in
token of surrender; to <i>strike</i> a yard or a topmast in a gale; to
<i>strike</i> a tent; to <i>strike</i> the centering of an
arch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To make a sudden impression upon, as by a
blow; to affect sensibly with some strong emotion; as, to
<i>strike</i> the mind, with surprise; to <i>strike</i> one with
wonder, alarm, dread, or horror.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nice works of art <i>strike</i> and surprise us most on
the first view.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They please as beauties, here as wonders
<i>strike</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To affect in some particular manner by a
sudden impression or impulse; as, the plan proposed <i>strikes</i> me
favorably; to <i>strike</i> one dead or blind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How often has <i>stricken</i> you dumb with his
irony!</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To cause or produce by a stroke, or
suddenly, as by a stroke; as, to <i>strike</i> a light.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Waving wide her myrtle wand,<BR>
She <i>strikes</i> a universal peace through sea and
land.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>To cause to ignite; as, to <i>strike</i> a
match.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>To make and ratify; as, to <i>strike</i> a
bargain.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Probably borrowed from the L. <i>f&oelig;dus ferrire</i>, to
<i>strike</i> a compact, so called because an animal was <i>struck</i>
and killed as a sacrifice on such occasions.</p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>To take forcibly or fraudulently; as, to
<i>strike</i> money.</def> [Old Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <def>To level, as a measure of grain, salt, or
the like, by scraping off with a straight instrument what is above the
level of the top.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>To cut off, as a mortar
joint, even with the face of the wall, or inward at a slight
angle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>17.</b></sn> <def>To hit upon, or light upon, suddenly; as,
my eye <i>struck</i> a strange word; they soon <i>struck</i> the
trail.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>18.</b></sn> <def>To borrow money of; to make a demand upon;
as, he <i>struck</i> a friend for five dollars.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>19.</b></sn> <def>To lade into a cooler, as a liquor.</def>
<i>B. Edwards.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>20.</b></sn> <def>To stroke or pass lightly; to
wave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Behold, I thought, He will . . . <i>strike</i> his hand
over the place, and recover the leper.</blockquote> <i>2 Kings v.
11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>21.</b></sn> <def>To advance; to cause to go forward; --
used only in past participle.</def> "Well <i>struck</i> in years."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To strike an attitude</b></col>, <col><b>To strike a
balance</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Attitude</u>, and
<u>Balance</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To strike a jury</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>to constitute a special jury ordered by a court, by
each party striking out a certain number of names from a prepared list
of jurors, so as to reduce it to the number of persons required by
law.</cd> <i>Burrill.</i> -- <col><b>To strike a lead</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Mining)</i> <cd>To find a vein of ore.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Fig.: To find a way to fortune.</cd> [Colloq.]
-- <col><b>To strike</b></col> <col><b>a ledger, or an
account</b></col>, <cd>to balance it.</cd> -- <col><b>To strike hands
with</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To shake hands with</cd>.
<i>Halliwell.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To make a compact or
agreement with; to agree with.</cd> -- <col><b>To strike
off</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To erase from an account; to
deduct; as, <i>to strike off</i> the interest of a debt</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Print.)</i> <cd>To impress; to print; as,
<i>to strike off</i> a thousand copies of a book</cd>.
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To separate by a blow or any sudden action;
as, <i>to strike off</i> what is superfluous or corrupt.</cd> --
<col><b>To strike oil</b></col>, <cd>to find petroleum when boring for
it; figuratively, to make a lucky hit financially.</cd> [Slang, U.S.]
-- <col><b>To strike one luck</b></col>, <cd>to shake hands with one
and wish good luck.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Beau. & Fl.</i> -- <col><b>To
strike out</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To produce by collision;
to force out, as, <i>to strike out</i> sparks with steel.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To blot out; to efface; to erase</cd>. "To
methodize is as necessary as <i>to strike out</i>." <i>Pope.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To form by a quick effort; to devise; to
invent; to contrive, as, <i>to strike out</i> a new plan of
finance.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Baseball)</i> <cd>To cause a
player to strike out; -- said of the pitcher. See <i>To strike
out</i>, under <u>Strike</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></cd> --
<col><b>To strike sail</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Sail</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>To strike up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To cause to
sound; to begin to beat</cd>. "<i>Strike up</i> the drums."
<i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To begin to sing or play; as,
<i>to strike up</i> a tune.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To raise (as
sheet metal), in making diahes, pans, etc., by blows or pressure in a
die.</cd> -- <col><b>To strike work</b></col>, <cd>to quit work; to go
on a strike.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Strike</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To move; to
advance; to proceed; to take a course; as, to <i>strike</i> into the
fields.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A mouse . . . <i>struck</i> forth sternly
[bodily].</blockquote> <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deliver a quick blow or thrust; to give
blows.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And fiercely took his trenchant blade in hand,<BR>
With which he <i>stroke</i> so furious and so fell.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Strike</i> now, or else the iron cools.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To hit; to collide; to dush; to clash; as,
a hammer <i>strikes</i> against the bell of a clock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To sound by percussion, with blows, or as
with blows; to be struck; as, the clock <i>strikes</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A deep sound <i>strikes</i> like a rising
knell.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To make an attack; to aim a blow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A puny subject <i>strikes</i><BR>
At thy great glory.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Struck</i> for throne, and <i>striking</i> found his
doom.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To touch; to act by appulse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hinder light but from <i>striking</i> on it [porphyry],
and its colors vanish.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To run upon a rock or bank; to be stranded;
as, the ship <i>struck</i> in the night.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To pass with a quick or strong effect; to
dart; to penetrate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Till a dart <i>strike</i> through his
liver.</blockquote> <i>Prov. vii. 23.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now and then a glittering beam of wit or passion
<i>strikes</i> through the obscurity of the poem.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To break forth; to commence suddenly; --
with <i>into</i>; as, to <i>strike</i> into reputation; to
<i>strike</i> into a run.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To lower a flag, or colors, in token of
respect, or to signify a surrender of a ship to an enemy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That the English ships of war should not <i>strike</i>
in the Danish seas.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To quit work in order to compel an
increase, or prevent a reduction, of wages.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>To become attached to something; -- said
of the spat of oysters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>To steal money.</def> [Old Slang, Eng.]
<i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To strike at</b></col>, <cd>to aim a blow at.</cd> --
<col><b>To strike for</b></col>, <cd>to start suddenly on a course
for.</cd> -- <col><b>To strike home</b></col>, <cd>to give a blow
which reaches its object, to strike with effect.</cd> -- <col><b>To
strike in</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To enter suddenly</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To disappear from the surface, with internal
effects, as an eruptive disease</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To come
in suddenly; to interpose; to interrupt</cd>. "I proposed the embassy
of Constantinople for Mr. Henshaw, but my Lord Winchelsea <i>struck
in</i>." <i>Evelyn.</i> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To join in after
another has begun,as in singing.</cd> -- <col><b>To strike in
with</b></col>, <cd>to conform to; to suit itself to; to side with, to
join with at once.</cd> "To assert this is <i>to strike in with</i>
the known enemies of God's grace." <i>South.</i> -- <col><b>To strike
out</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To start; to wander; to make a
sudden excursion; as, <i>to strike out</i> into an irregular course of
life.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To strike with full force</cd>.
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Baseball)</i> <cd>To be put out for not
hitting the ball during one's turn at the bat.</cd> -- <col><b>To
strike up</b></col>, <cd>to commence to play as a musician; to begin
to sound, as an instrument.</cd>  "Whilst any trump did sound, or drum
<i>struck up</i>." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strike</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of striking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument with a straight edge for
leveling a measure of grain, salt, and the like, scraping off what is
above the level of the top; a strickle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A bushel; four pecks.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An old measure of four bushels.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Fullness of measure; hence, excellence of
quality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Three hogsheads of ale of the first
<i>strike</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An iron pale or standard in a gate or
fence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The act of quitting work; specifically,
such an act by a body of workmen, done as a means of enforcing
compliance with demands made on their employer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Strikes</i> are the insurrections of
labor.</blockquote> <i>F. A. Walker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Iron Working)</i> <def>A puddler's
stirrer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The horizontal direction of
the outcropping edges of tilted rocks; or, the direction of a
horizontal line supposed to be drawn on the surface of a tilted
stratum. It is at right angles to the dip.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>The extortion of money, or the attempt to
extort money, by threat of injury; blackmailing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Strike block</b></col> <i>(Carp.)</i>, <cd>a plane shorter
than a jointer, used for fitting a short joint.</cd> <i>Moxon.</i> --
<col><b>Strike of flax</b></col>, <cd>a handful that may be hackled at
once.</cd> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] <i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>Strike of
sugar</b></col>. <i>(Sugar Making)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The act
of emptying the teache, or last boiler, in which the cane juice is
exposed to heat, into the coolers</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The
quantity of the sirup thus emptied at once.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Strik"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, strikes; specifically, a blacksmith's
helper who wields the sledge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A harpoon; also, a harpooner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wherever we come to an anchor, we always send out our
<i>strikers</i>, and put out hooks and lines overboard, to try
fish.</blockquote> <i>Dampier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A wencher; a lewd man.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A workman who is on a strike.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A blackmailer in politics; also, one whose
political influence can be bought.</def> [Political Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Strik"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Strike</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Striking distance</b></col>, <cd>the distance through which
an object can be reached by striking; the distance at which a force is
effective when directed to a particular object.</cd> --
<col><b>Striking plate</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The plate
against which the latch of a door lock strikes as the door is
closed</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A part of the centering of an
arch, which is driven back to loosen the centering in striking
it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Strik"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affecting with strong
emotions; surprising; forcible; impressive; very noticeable; as, a
<i>striking</i> representation or image; a <i>striking</i>
resemblance.</def> "A <i>striking</i> fact." <i>De Quincey.</i> --
<wf>Strik"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Strik"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Strik"le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Strickle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>String</hw> (str&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>string</i>, <i>streng</i>, AS. <i>streng</i>; akin to D.
<i>streng</i>, G. <i>strang</i>, Icel. <i>strengr</i>, Sw.
<i>str&auml;ng</i>, Dan. <i>str&aelig;ng</i>; probably from the adj.,
E. <i>strong</i> (see <u>Strong</u>); or perhaps originally meaning,
twisted, and akin to E. <i>strangle</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
small cord, a line, a twine, or a slender strip of leather, or other
substance, used for binding together, fastening, or tying things; a
cord, larger than a thread and smaller than a rope; as, a shoe
<i>string</i>; a bonnet <i>string</i>; a silken <i>string</i>.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Round Ormond's knee thou tiest the mystic
<i>string</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thread or cord on which a number of
objects or parts are strung or arranged in close and orderly
succession; hence, a line or series of things arranged on a thread, or
as if so arranged; a succession; a concatenation; a chain; as, a
<i>string</i> of shells or beads; a <i>string</i> of dried apples; a
<i>string</i> of houses; a <i>string</i> of arguments.</def> "A
<i>string</i> of islands."  <i>Gibbon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A strip, as of leather, by which the covers
of a book are held together.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The cord of a musical instrument, as of a
piano, harp, or violin; specifically (<i>pl.</i>), the stringed
instruments of an orchestra, in distinction from the wind instruments;
as, the <i>strings</i> took up the theme.</def> "An instrument of ten
<i>strings</i>."  <i>Ps. xxx. iii. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Me softer airs befit, and softer <i>strings</i><BR>
Of lute, or viol still.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The line or cord of a bow.</def>  <i>Ps.
xi. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He twangs the grieving <i>string</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A fiber, as of a plant; a little, fibrous
root.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Duckweed putteth forth a little <i>string</i> into the
water, from the bottom.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A nerve or tendon of an animal
body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>string</i> of his tongue was
loosed.</blockquote> <i>Mark vii. 35.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>An inside range of
ceiling planks, corresponding to the sheer strake on the outside and
bolted to it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The tough fibrous substance
that unites the valves of the pericap of leguminous plants, and which
is readily pulled off; as, the <i>strings</i> of beans.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A small, filamentous
ramification of a metallic vein.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Stringcourse</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Billiards)</i> <def>The points made in a
game.</def></p>

<p><col><b>String band</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a band of
musicians using only, or chiefly, stringed instruments.</cd> --
<col><b>String beans</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A dish
prepared from the unripe pods of several kinds of beans; -- so called
because the strings are stripped off</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Any
kind of beans in which the pods are used for cooking before the seeds
are ripe; usually, the low bush bean.</cd> -- <col><b>To have two
strings to one's bow</b></col>, <cd>to have a means or expedient in
reserve in case the one employed fails.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>String</hw> (str&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Strung</u> (str&ubreve;ng); <pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Strung</u> (R. <u>Stringed</u> (str&ibreve;ngd));
<pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Stringing</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with strings; as, to <i>string</i>
a violin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Has not wise nature <i>strung</i> the legs and feet<BR>
With firmest nerves, designed to walk the street?</blockquote>
<i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put in tune the strings of, as a
stringed instrument, in order to play upon it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For here the Muse so oft her harp has
<i>strung</i>,<BR>
That not a mountain rears its head unsung.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To put on a string; to file; as, to
<i>string</i> beads.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make tense; to strengthen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Toil <i>strung</i> the nerves, and purified the
blood.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of strings; to strip the strings
from; as, to <i>string</i> beans. See <u>String</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 9.</def></p>

<p><hw>String"board`</hw> (-b&omacr;rd`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Stringpiece</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>String"course`</hw> (-k&omacr;rs`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A horizontal band in a building, forming a part of
the design, whether molded, projecting, or carved, or in any way
distinguished from the rest of the work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stringed</hw> (str&ibreve;ngd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having strings; as, a <i>stringed</i>
instrument.</def>  <i>Ps. cl. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Produced by strings.</def> "Answering the
<i>stringed</i> noise."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strin"gen*cy</hw> (str&ibreve;n"j<i>e</i>n*s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of being
stringent.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Strin"gen*do</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Urging or hastening the time, as to a
climax.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strin"gent</hw> (str&ibreve;n"j<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stringens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of
<i>stringere</i> to draw or bind tight. See <u>Strain</u>.]
<def>Binding strongly; making strict requirements; restrictive; rigid;
severe; as, <i>stringent</i> rules.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They must be subject to a sharper penal code, and to a
more <i>stringent</i> code of procedure.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Strin"gent*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Strin"gent*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>String"er</hw> (str&ibreve;ng"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who strings; one who makes or provides
strings, especially for bows.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be content to put your trust in honest
<i>stringers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A libertine; a wencher.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Railroad)</i> <def>A longitudinal
sleeper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>A streak of planking
carried round the inside of a vessel on the under side of the
beams.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A long horizontal timber to
connect uprights in a frame, or to support a floor or the
like.</def></p>

<p><hw>String"halt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i>
<def>An habitual sudden twitching of the hinder leg of a horse, or an
involuntary or convulsive contraction of the muscles that raise the
hock.</def> [Written also <i>springhalt</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>String"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being stringy.</def></p>

<p><hw>String"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
strings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His tongue is now a <i>stringless</i>
instrument.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>String"piece`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A long piece of timber, forming a margin or
edge of any piece of construction; esp.:</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>One of the longitudinal pieces, supporting the treads and rises
of a flight or run of stairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>String"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Consisting of strings, or small threads; fibrous; filamentous;
as, a <i>stringy</i> root.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being drawn into a string, as a
glutinous substance; ropy; viscid; gluely.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stringy bark</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name given in
Australia to several trees of the genus Eucalyptus (as <i>E.
amygdalina, obliqua, capitellata, macrorhyncha, piperita, pilularis,
&and; tetradonta</i>), which have a fibrous bark used by the
aborigines for making cordage and cloth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Strip</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stripped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stripping</u>.] [OE. <i>stripen</i>, <i>strepen</i>, AS.
<i>str&?;pan</i> in be<i>str&?;pan</i> to plunder; akin to D.
<i>stroopen</i>, MHG. <i>stroufen</i>, G. <i>streifen</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deprive; to bereave; to make destitute; to
plunder; especially, to deprive of a covering; to skin; to peel; as,
to <i>strip</i> a man of his possession, his rights, his privileges,
his reputation; to <i>strip</i> one of his clothes; to <i>strip</i> a
beast of his skin; to <i>strip</i> a tree of its bark.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>strippen</i> her out of her rude
array.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>stripped</i> Joseph out of his
coat.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxxvii. 23.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Opinions which . . . no clergyman could have avowed
without imminent risk of being <i>stripped</i> of his
gown.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To divest of clothing; to
uncover.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Before the folk herself <i>strippeth</i>
she.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Strip</i> your sword stark naked.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To dismantle; as, to
<i>strip</i> a ship of rigging, spars, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>To pare off the surface of,
as land, in strips.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of all milk; to milk dry; to
draw the last milk from; hence, to milk with a peculiar movement of
the hand on the teats at the last of a milking; as, to <i>strip</i> a
cow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To pass; to get clear of; to
outstrip.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When first they <i>stripped</i> the Malean
promontory.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Before he reached it he was out of breath,<BR>
And then the other <i>stripped</i> him.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To pull or tear off, as a covering; to
remove; to wrest away; as, to <i>strip</i> the skin from a beast; to
<i>strip</i> the bark from a tree; to <i>strip</i> the clothes from a
man's back; to <i>strip</i> away all disguisses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>strip</i> bad habits from a corrupted heart, is
<i>stripping</i> off the skin.</blockquote> <i>Gilpin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To tear
off (the thread) from a bolt or nut; as, the thread is
<i>stripped</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To tear off the thread
from (a bolt or nut); as, the bolt is <i>stripped</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To remove the metal coating from (a plated
article), as by acids or electrolytic action.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Carding)</i> <def>To remove fiber, flock,
or lint from; -- said of the teeth of a card when it becomes partly
clogged.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To pick the cured leaves from the stalks
of (tobacco) and tie them into "hands"; to remove the midrib from
(tobacco leaves).</def></p>

<p><! p. 1427 !></p>

<p><hw>Strip</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To take off, or become divested of, clothes or covering; to
undress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>To fail in the thread; to
lose the thread, as a bolt, screw, or nut. See <u>Strip</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 8.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strip</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
narrow piece, or one comparatively long; as, a <i>strip</i> of cloth;
a <i>strip</i> of land.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A trough for washing
ore.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gunnery)</i> <def>The issuing of a
projectile from a rifled gun without acquiring the spiral
motion.</def>  <i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stripe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OD. <i>strijpe</i> a
stripe, streak; akin to LG. <i>stripe</i>, D. <i>streep</i>, Dan.
<i>stribe</i>, G. <i>strief</i>, <i>striefen</i>, MHG. <i>striefen</i>
to glide, march.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A line, or long, narrow
division of anything of a different color or structure from the
ground; hence, any linear variation of color or structure; as, a
<i>stripe</i>, or streak, of red on a green ground; a raised
<i>stripe</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>A pattern produced by
arranging the warp threads in sets of alternating colors, or in sets
presenting some other contrast of appearance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A strip, or long, narrow piece attached to
something of a different color; as, a red or blue <i>stripe</i> sewed
upon a garment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A stroke or blow made with a whip, rod,
scourge, or the like, such as usually leaves a mark.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Forty <i>stripes</i> he may give him, and not
exceed.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxv. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A long, narrow discoloration of the skin
made by the blow of a lash, rod, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cruelty marked him with inglorious
<i>stripes</i>.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Color indicating a party or faction; hence,
distinguishing characteristic; sign; likeness; sort; as, persons of
the same political <i>stripe</i>.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The chevron on the
coat of a noncommissioned officer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stars and Stripes</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Star</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Stripe</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Striped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Striping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make stripes upon; to
form with lines of different colors or textures; to variegate with
stripes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike; to lash.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Striped</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having stripes of
different colors; streaked.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Striped bass</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Bass</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Striped maple</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a slender American tree (<i>Acer Pennsylvanicum</i>) with finely
striped bark. Called also <i>striped dogwood</i>, and
<i>moosewood</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Striped mullet</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Mullet</u>, 2.</cd> --
<col><b>Striped snake</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the garter
snake.</cd> -- <col><b>Striped squirrel</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the chipmunk.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Strip"-leaf`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Tobacco which
has been stripped of its stalks before packing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strip"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of
<i>strip</i>; as if a small strip from the main stock or steam.]
<def>A youth in the state of adolescence, or just passing from boyhood
to manhood; a lad.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Inquire thou whose son the <i>stripling</i>
is.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. xvii. 56.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strip"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, strips; specifically, a machine for stripping cards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strip"pet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of
<i>strip</i>.] <def>A small stream.</def> [Obs.] "A little brook or
<i>strippet</i>."  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strip"ping</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who strips.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mutual bows and courtesies . . . are remants of the
original prostrations and <i>strippings</i> of the
captive.</blockquote> <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Never were cows that required such
<i>stripping</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Gaskell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The last milk drawn from a cow
at a milking.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stri*so"res</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.; cf. L.
<i>stridere</i> to creak, whiz, buzz.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
division of passerine birds including the humming birds, swifts, and
goatsuckers. It is now generally considered an artificial
group.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strive</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Strove</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Striven</u> (?) (Rarely, <u>Strove</u>); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Striving</u>.] [OF. <i>estriver</i>; of Teutonic
origin, and akin to G. <i>streben</i>, D. <i>streven</i>, Dan.
<i>str&aelig;be</i>, Sw. <i>str&auml;fva</i>.  Cf. <u>Strife</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make efforts; to use exertions; to endeavor
with earnestness; to labor hard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Was for this his ambition <i>strove</i><BR>
To equal C&aelig;sar first, and after, Jove?</blockquote>
<i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To struggle in opposition; to be in
contention or dispute; to contend; to contest; -- followed by
<i>against</i> or <i>with</i> before the person or thing opposed; as,
<i>strive</i> against temptation; <i>strive</i> for the truth.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My Spirit shall not always <i>strive</i> with
man.</blockquote> <i>Gen. vi. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Why dost thou <i>strive</i> against him?</blockquote>
<i>Job xxxiii. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now private pity <i>strove</i> with public hate,<BR>
Reason with rage, and eloquence with fate.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To vie; to compete; to be a rival.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Not] that sweet grove<BR>
Of Daphne, by Orontes and the inspired<BR>
Castalian spring, might with this paradise<BR>
Of Eden <i>strive</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To contend; vie; struggle; endeavor; aim.</p>

<p><hw>Strive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
effort; a striving.</def> [R.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Strife; contention.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif
(luke xxi. 9).</i></p>

<p><hw>Strived</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Strive</u>. <def>Striven.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yea, so have I <i>strived</i> to preach the
gospel.</blockquote> <i>Rom. xv. 20.</i></p>

<p><hw>Striv"en</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Strive</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Striv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
strives.</def></p>

<p><hw>Striv"ing</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Strive</u>.</def> -- <wf>Striv"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Strix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>strix</i>,
<i>strigis</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>One of the flutings of a
column.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stroam</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Prov. E.
<i>strome</i> to walk with long strides.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
wander about idly and vacantly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take long strides in walking.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Stro*bi"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Strobil&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; anything
twisted, a pine cone.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
form of the larva of certain Discophora in a state of development
succeeding the scyphistoma. The body of the strobila becomes
elongated, and subdivides transversely into a series of lobate
segments which eventually become ephyr&aelig;, or young
medus&aelig;.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A mature
tapeworm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strob`i*la"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Strobila</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Of or
pertaining to a strobile or cone.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Producing strobiles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strob`i*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The act or phenomenon of spontaneously
dividing transversely, as do certain species of annelids and
helminths; transverse fission. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Syllidian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strob"ile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>strobilus</i> a
pine cone, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>strobole</i>.] [Written also
<i>strobil</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A scaly
multiple fruit resulting from the ripening of an ament in certain
plants, as the hop or pine; a cone. See <u>Cone</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>An individual asexually
producing sexual individuals differing from itself also in other
respects, as the tapeworm, -- one of the forms that occur in
metagenesis.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Strobila</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stro*bil"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shaped like
a strobile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strob"i*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a strobile; strobilaceous; strobiliform; as,
<i>strobiline</i> fruits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strob"o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
whirling + <i>-scope</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for
studying or observing the successive phases of a periodic or varying
motion by means of light which is periodically interrupted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An optical toy similar to the
phenakistoscope. See <u>Phenakistoscope</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stroc"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Glass Manuf.)</i>
<def>A shovel with a turned-up edge, for frit, sand, etc.</def>
[Written also <i>strocal</i>, <i>strocle</i>, <i>strokal</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Strode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Strude</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Strode</hw>, <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Stride</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stroke</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Strike</u>.
<def>Struck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stroke</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>strok</i>,
<i>strook</i>, <i>strak</i>, fr. <i>striken</i>. See <u>Strike</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of striking;
a blow; a hit; a knock; esp., a violent or hostile attack made with
the arm or hand, or with an instrument or weapon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His hand fetcheth a <i>stroke</i> with the ax to cut
down the tree.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xix. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A fool's lips enter into contention and his mouth
calleth for <i>strokes</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xviii. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He entered and won the whole kingdom of Naples without
striking a <i>stroke</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The result of effect of a striking; injury
or affliction; soreness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the day that Lord bindeth up the breach of his
people, and healeth the <i>stroke</i> of their wound.</blockquote>
<i>Isa. xxx. 26.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The striking of the clock to tell the
hour.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Well, but what's o'clock?<BR>
- Upon the <i>stroke</i> of ten. -- Well, let is strike.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A gentle, caressing touch or movement upon
something; a stroking.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A mark or dash in writing or printing; a
line; the touch of a pen or pencil; as, an up <i>stroke</i>; a firm
<i>stroke</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, lasting as those colors may they shine,<BR>
Free as thy <i>stroke</i>, yet faultless as thy line.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Hence, by extension, an addition or
amandment to a written composition; a touch; as, to give some
finishing <i>strokes</i> to an essay.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A sudden attack of disease; especially, a
fatal attack; a severe disaster; any affliction or calamity,
especially a sudden one; as, a <i>stroke</i> of apoplexy; the
<i>stroke</i> of death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At this one <i>stroke</i> the man looked dead in
law.</blockquote> <i>Harte.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A throb or beat, as of the heart.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>One of a series of beats or movements
against a resisting medium, by means of which movement through or upon
it is accomplished; as, the <i>stroke</i> of a bird's wing in flying,
or an oar in rowing, of a skater, swimmer, etc.</def>; also:
<i>(Rowing)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The rate of succession of
stroke; as, a quick <i>stroke</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
oar nearest the stern of a boat, by which the other oars are guided; -
- called also <i>stroke oar</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The
rower who pulls the stroke oar; the strokesman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A powerful or sudden effort by which
something is done, produced, or accomplished; also, something done or
accomplished by such an effort; as, a <i>stroke</i> of genius; a
<i>stroke</i> of business; a master <i>stroke</i> of policy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The movement, in either
direction, of the piston plunger, piston rod, crosshead, etc., as of a
steam engine or a pump, in which these parts have a reciprocating
motion; as, the forward <i>stroke</i> of a piston; also, the entire
distance passed through, as by a piston, in such a movement; as, the
piston is at half <i>stroke</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The respective strokes are distinguished as <i>up</i> and
<i>down</i> strokes, <i>outward</i> and <i>inward</i> strokes,
<i>forward</i> and <i>back</i> strokes, the forward stroke in
stationary steam engines being toward the crosshead, but in
locomotives toward the front of the vehicle.</p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>Power; influence.</def> [Obs.] "Where
money beareth [hath] all the <i>stroke</i>."  <i>Robynson (More's
Utopia).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He has a great <i>stroke</i> with the
reader.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>Appetite.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To keep stroke</b></col>, <cd>to make strokes in
unison.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The oars where silver,<BR>
Which to the tune of flutes <i>kept stroke</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stroke</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Strokeed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Strokeing</u>.] [OE. <i>stroken</i>, <i>straken</i>, AS.
<i>str&amacr;cian</i>, fr. <i>str&imacr;can</i> to go over, pass. See
<u>Strike</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Straggle</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ye mote with the plat sword again<BR>
<i>Stroken</i> him in the wound, and it will close.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rib gently in one direction; especially,
to pass the hand gently over by way of expressing kindness or
tenderness; to caress; to soothe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He dried the falling drops, and, yet more kind,<BR>
He <i>stroked</i> her cheeks.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make smooth by rubbing.</def>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>To give a finely fluted
surface to.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To row the stroke oar of; as, to
<i>stroke</i> a boat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strok"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who strokes;
also, one who pretends to cure by stroking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cures worked by Greatrix the
<i>stroker</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strokes"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Strokesman</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Rowing)</i> <def>The man who
rows the aftermost oar, and whose stroke is to be followed by the
rest.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strok"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of rubbing gently with the hand, or of smoothing; a
stroke.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I doubt not with one gentle <i>stroking</i> to wipe
away ten thousand tears.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Needlework)</i> <def>The act of laying small
gathers in cloth in regular order.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>See <u>Stripping</u>, 2.</def>
<i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stroll</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Strolled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Strolling</u>.] [Cf. Dan. <i>stryge</i> to stroll, Sw.
<i>stryka</i> to stroke, to ramble, dial. Sw. <i>strykel</i> one who
strolls about, Icel. <i>strj&?;ka</i> to stroke, D. <i>struikelen</i>
to stumble, G. <i>straucheln</i>.  Cf. <u>Struggle</u>.] <def>To
wander on foot; to ramble idly or leisurely; to rove.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These mothers <i>stroll</i> to beg sustenance for their
helpless infants.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To rove; roam; range; stray.</p>

<p><hw>Stroll</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wandering on foot; an
idle and leisurely walk; a ramble.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stroll"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who strolls;
a vagrant.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stro"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stromata</b></plw> (#). [L., a bed covering, Gr. &?; a couch
or bed.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The connective tissue or supporting framework of an organ; as,
the <i>stroma</i> of the kidney.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
spongy, colorless framework of a red blood corpuscle or other
cell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A layer or mass of cellular
tissue, especially that part of the thallus of certain fungi which
incloses the perithecia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stro*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; coverlet of
a bed, pl. &?; patchwork (for such a coverlet), also applied to
several <i>miscellaneous</i> writings, fr. &?; anything spread out for
resting upon, a bed, fr. &?; to spread out.] <def>Miscellaneous;
composed of different kinds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stro`ma*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
a bed + <i>-logy</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The history of the
formation of stratified rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stromb</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any marine univalve mollusk of the genus Strombus and allied
genera. See <u>Conch</u>, and <u>Strombus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strom"bite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>A fossil shell of the genus Strombus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strom"boid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Strombus</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or like,
Strombus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strom*bu"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>strombulus</i>, dim. of <i>strombus + -form</i>. See
<u>Strombus</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Formed or
shaped like a top.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Coiled into the shape of a
screw or a helix.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Strom"bus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of marine gastropods in which the
shell has the outer lip dilated into a broad wing. It includes many
large and handsome species commonly called <i>conch shells</i>, or
<i>conchs</i>. See <u>Conch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stro"mey`er*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named from
the German chemist Friedrich <i>Stromeyer</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
steel-gray mineral of metallic luster. It is a sulphide of silver and
copper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strond</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Strand; beach.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1428 !></p>

<p><hw>Strong</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Stronger</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Strongest</u> (?).] [AS. <i>strang</i>,
<i>strong</i>; akin to D. & G. <i>streng</i> strict, rigorous, OHG.
<i>strengi</i> strong, brave, harsh, Icel. <i>strangr</i> strong,
severe, Dan. <i>streng</i>, Sw. <i>str&auml;ng</i> strict, severe.
Cf. <u>Strength</u>, <u>Stretch</u>, <u>String</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having active physical power, or great
physical power to act; having a power of exerting great bodily force;
vigorous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That our oxen may be <i>strong</i> to
labor.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxliv. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Orses the <i>strong</i> to greater strength must
yield.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having passive physical power; having
ability to bear or endure; firm; hale; sound; robust; as, a
<i>strong</i> constitution; <i>strong</i> health.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Solid; tough; not easily broken or injured;
able to withstand violence; able to sustain attacks; not easily
subdued or taken; as, a <i>strong</i> beam; a <i>strong</i> rock; a
<i>strong</i> fortress or town.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Having great military or naval force;
powerful; as, a <i>strong</i> army or fleet; a nation <i>strong</i> at
sea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Having great wealth, means, or resources;
as, a <i>strong</i> house, or company of merchants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Reaching a certain degree or limit in
respect to strength or numbers; as, an army ten thousand
<i>strong</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Moving with rapidity or force; violent;
forcible; impetuous; as, a <i>strong</i> current of water or wind; the
wind was <i>strong</i> from the northeast; a <i>strong</i>
tide.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Adapted to make a deep or effectual
impression on the mind or imagination; striking or superior of the
kind; powerful; forcible; cogent; as, a <i>strong</i> argument;
<i>strong</i> reasons; <i>strong</i> evidence; a <i>strong</i>
example; <i>strong</i> language.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Ardent; eager; zealous; earnestly engaged;
as, a <i>strong</i> partisan; a <i>strong</i> Whig or Tory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her mother, ever <i>strong</i> against that
match.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Having virtues of great efficacy; or,
having a particular quality in a great degree; as, a <i>strong</i>
powder or tincture; a <i>strong</i> decoction; <i>strong</i> tea or
coffee.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Full of spirit; containing a large
proportion of alcohol; intoxicating; as, <i>strong</i>
liquors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>Affecting any sense powerfully; as,
<i>strong</i> light, colors, etc.; a <i>strong</i> flavor of onions; a
<i>strong</i> scent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>Solid; nourishing; as, <i>strong</i>
meat.</def>  <i>Heb. v. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>Well established; firm; not easily
overthrown or altered; as, a <i>strong</i> custom; a <i>strong</i>
belief.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <def>Violent; vehement; earnest;
ardent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had offered up prayers and supplications with
<i>strong</i> crying and tears.</blockquote> <i>Heb. v. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <def>Having great force, vigor, power, or the
like, as the mind, intellect, or any faculty; as, a man of a
<i>strong</i> mind, memory, judgment, or imagination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was <i>stronger</i> in prophecy than in
criticism.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>17.</b></sn> <def>Vigorous; effective; forcible;
powerful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like her sweet voice is thy harmonious song,<BR>
As high, as sweet, as easy, and as <i>strong</i>.</blockquote> <i>E.
Smith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>18.</b></sn> <i>(Stock Exchange)</i> <def>Tending to higher
prices; rising; as, a <i>strong</i> market.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>19.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, a verb which forms its preterit
(imperfect) by a variation in the root vowel, and the past participle
(usually) by the addition of <i>-en</i> (with or without a change of
the root vowel); as in the verbs <i>strive</i>, <i>strove</i>,
<i>striven</i>; <i>break</i>, <i>broke</i>, <i>broken</i>;
<i>drink</i>, <i>drank</i>, <i>drunk</i>. Opposed to <i>weak</i>, or
<i>regular</i>. See <u>Weak</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Applied to forms in Anglo-Saxon, etc., which retain the old
declensional endings. In the Teutonic languages the vowel stems have
held the original endings most firmly, and are called <i>strong</i>;
the stems in <i>-n</i> are called <i>weak</i> other constant stems
conform, or are irregular.</def>  <i>F. A. March.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Strong conjugation</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>the
conjugation of a strong verb; -- called also <i>old, or irregular,
conjugation</i>, and distinguished from the <i>weak, or regular,
conjugation</i>.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Strong</i> is often used in the formation of self-
explaining compounds; as, <i>strong</i>-backed, <i>strong</i>-based,
<i>strong</i>-bodied, <i>strong</i>-colored, <i>strong</i>-fisted,
<i>strong</i>-handed, <i>strong</i>-ribbed, <i>strong</i>-smelling,
<i>strong</i>-voiced, etc.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Vigorous; powerful; stout; solid; firm; hardy;
muscular; forcible; cogent; valid. See <u>Robust</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Strong"hand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Violence;
force; power.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was their meaning to take what they needed by
<i>stronghand</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strong"hold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fastness; a
fort or fortress; fortfield place; a place of security.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strong"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
strong.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strong"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a strong manner;
so as to be strong in action or in resistance; with strength; with
great force; forcibly; powerfully; firmly; vehemently; as, a town
<i>strongly</i> fortified; he objected <i>strongly</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strong"-mind`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
vigorous mind; esp., having or affecting masculine qualities of mind;
-- said of women.</def> -- <wf>Strong"-mind`ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Strong"-wa`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An acid.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Distilled or ardent spirits; intoxicating
liquor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stron"gy*lid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Strongyloid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stron"gy*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>Strongylus</i> the genus (from Gr. &?; round) + <i>-oid</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like, or pertaining to, <i>Strongylus</i>, a
genus of parasitic nematode worms of which many species infest
domestic animals. Some of the species, especially those living in the
kidneys, lungs, and bronchial tubes, are often very injurious.</def> -
- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A strongyloid worm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stron"ti*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>strontia</i>,
fr. <i>Strontian</i>, in Argyleshire, Scotland, where
<i>strontianite</i> was first found.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An earth of
a white color resembling lime in appearance, and baryta in many of its
properties. It is an oxide of the metal strontium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stron"ti*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Strontia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stron"ti*an*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Strontium carbonate, a mineral of a white, greenish, or yellowish
color, usually occurring in fibrous massive forms, but sometimes in
prismatic crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stron"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to strontium; containing, or designating the compounds
of, strontium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stron*tit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Strontic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stron"ti*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Strontia</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A metallic element of the
calcium group, always naturally occurring combined, as in the minerals
strontianite, celestite, etc. It is isolated as a yellowish metal,
somewhat malleable but harder than calcium. It is chiefly employed (as
in the nitrate) to color pyrotechnic flames red. Symbol Sr. Atomic
weight 87.3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strook</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Strike</u>.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strook</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stroke.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stroot</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Strut</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>To swell out; to strut.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Strap</u>.] <def>A
strap; specifically, same as <u>Strap</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strop</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stropped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stropping</u>.] <def>To draw over, or rub upon, a strop with a view
to sharpen; as, to <i>strop</i> a razor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>estrope</i>,
<i>&eacute;trope</i>, fr. L. <i>struppus</i>. See <u>Strop</u> a
strap.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A piece of rope spliced into a circular
wreath, and put round a block for hanging it.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stro*phan"thus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; a turning + &?; a flower.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of tropical
apocynaceous shrubs having singularly twisted flowers. One species
(<i>Strophanthus hispidus</i>) is used medicinally as a cardiac
sedative and stimulant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stro"phe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Strophes</b></plw> (#). [NL., from Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to twist,
to turn; perh. akin to E. <i>strap</i>.] <def>In Greek choruses and
dances, the movement of the chorus while turning from the right to the
left of the orchestra; hence, the strain, or part of the choral ode,
sung during this movement. Also sometimes used of a stanza of modern
verse. See the Note under <u>Antistrophe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stroph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
containing, or consisting of, strophes.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stro"phi*o*late</hw> (?), <hw>Stro"phi*o*la`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Furnished with a strophiole,
or caruncle, or that which resembles it.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stro"phi*ole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>strophiolum</i> a little chaplet, dim. of <i>strophium</i> a band,
Gr. &?;, dim. of &?; a twisted band: cf. F. <i>strophiole</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A crestlike excrescence about the hilum of certain
seeds; a caruncle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stroph"u*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>See <u>Red-gum</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stroud</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of coarse
blanket or garment used by the North American Indians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stroud"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Material for
strouds; a kind of coarse cloth used in trade with the North American
Indians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strout</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Strut</u>.]
<def>To swell; to puff out; to project.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strout</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to project
or swell out; to enlarge affectedly; to strut.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strove</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Strive</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strow</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Strowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Strown</u> (?) or
<u>Strowed</u>.] <def>Same as <u>Strew</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thick as autumnal leaves that <i>strow</i> the
brooks<BR>
In Vallombrosa.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A manner turbid . . . and <i>strown</i> with
blemished.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strowl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To stroll.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Strown</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Strow</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stroy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To destroy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Struck</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Strike</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Struck jury</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a special jury,
composed of persons having special knowledge or qualifications,
selected by striking from the panel of jurors a certain number for
each party, leaving the number required by law to try the
cause.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Struck"en</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Strike</u>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Struc"tur*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to structure; affecting structure; as, a
<i>structural</i> error.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to organit
structure; as, a <i>structural</i> element or cell; the
<i>structural</i> peculiarities of an animal or a plant.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Structural formula</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Rational formula</i>, under <u>Formula</u>.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Struc"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>structura</i>,
from <i>struere</i>, <i>structum</i>, to arrange, build, construct;
perhaps akin to E. <i>strew</i>: cf. F. <i>structure</i>.  Cf.
<u>Construe</u>, <u>Destroy</u>, <u>Instrument</u>, <u>Obstruct</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of building; the practice of erecting
buildings; construction.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His son builds on, and never is content<BR>
Till the last farthing is in <i>structure</i> spent.</blockquote>
<i>J. Dryden, Jr.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Manner of building; form; make;
construction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Want of insight into the <i>structure</i> and
constitution of the terraqueous globe.</blockquote>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Arrangement of parts, of organs, or of
constituent particles, in a substance or body; as, the
<i>structure</i> of a rock or a mineral; the <i>structure</i> of a
sentence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It [basalt] has often a prismatic
<i>structure</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Manner of organization; the
arrangement of the different tissues or parts of animal and vegetable
organisms; as, organic <i>structure</i>, or the <i>structure</i> of
animals and plants; cellular <i>structure</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which is built; a building; esp., a
building of some size or magnificence; an edifice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There stands a <i>structure</i> of majestic
frame.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Columnar structure</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Columnar</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Struc"tured</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Having a definite organic structure; showing differentiation of
parts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The passage from a structureless state to a
<i>structured</i> state is itself a vital process.</blockquote> <i>H.
Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Struc"ture*less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
definite structure, or arrangement of parts; without organization;
devoid of cells; homogeneous; as, a <i>structureless</i>
membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Struc"tur*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who forms
structures; a builder; a constructor.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Strude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stock of breeding
mares.</def> [Written also <i>strode</i>.] [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strug"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Struggled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Struggling</u> (?).] [OE. <i>strogelen</i>; cf. Icel.
<i>strj&?;ka</i> to stroke, to beat, to flog, Sw. <i>stryka</i> to
stroke, to strike, Dan. <i>stryge</i>, G. <i>straucheln</i> to
stumble.  Cf. <u>Stroll</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strive, or to
make efforts, with a twisting, or with contortions of the
body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To use great efforts; to labor hard; to
strive; to contend forcibly; as, to <i>struggle</i> to save one's
life; to <i>struggle</i> with the waves; to <i>struggle</i> with
adversity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The brave men, living and dead, who <i>struggled</i>
here, have consecrated it [Gettysburg] far above our power to add or
detract.</blockquote> <i>Lincoln.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To labor in pain or anguish; to be in
agony; to labor in any kind of difficulty or distress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is wisdom to beware,<BR>
And better shun the bait than <i>struggle</i> in the
snare.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To strive; contend; labor; endeavor.</p>

<p><hw>Strug"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A violent effort or efforts with contortions of the body; agony;
distress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Great labor; forcible effort to obtain an
object, or to avert an evil.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Contest; contention; strife.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An honest might look upon the <i>struggle</i> with
indifference.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Endeavor; effort; contest; labor; difficulty.</p>

<p><hw>Strug"gler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
struggles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strull</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bar so placed as
to resist weight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strum</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Strummed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Strumming</u>.] [Probably of imitative origin.  Cf. <u>Thrum</u>.]
<def>To play on an instrument of music, or as on an instrument, in an
unskillful or noisy way; to thrum; as, to <i>strum</i> a
piano.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stru"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a scrofulous
tumor.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Scrofula.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A cushionlike swelling on any
organ; especially, that at the base of the capsule in many
mosses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stru*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Scrofulous;
strumous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stru*mose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>strumosus</i>:
cf. F. <i>strumeux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Strumous.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a struma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stru"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Scrofulous; having struma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stru"mous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being strumous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strum"pet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>strumpet</i>,
<i>strompet</i>; cf. OF. <i>stupe</i> debauchery, F. <i>stupe</i>, L.
<i>stuprare</i>, <i>stupratum</i>, to debauch, <i>stuprum</i>
debauchery, Gael. & Ir. <i>striopach</i> a prostitute.] <def>A
prostitute; a harlot.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strum"pet</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
strumpet; characteristic of a strumpet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Out on thy more than <i>strumpet</i>
impudence.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strum"pet</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To debauch.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dishonor with the reputation of being a
strumpet; hence, to belie; to slander.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With his untrue reports, <i>strumpet</i> your
fame.</blockquote> <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strum"strum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rude musical
instrument somewhat like a cittern.</def> [R.]  <i>Dampier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strung</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>String</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strunt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Spirituous
liquor.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strun"tian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
worsted braid, about an inch broad.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Struse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ. <i>strug'</i>.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A Russian river craft used for transporting
freight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strut</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Strutted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Strutting</u>.] [OE. <i>struten</i>, <i>strouten</i>, to swell;
akin to G. <i>strozen</i> to be swelled, to be puffed up, to strut,
Dan. <i>strutte</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To swell; to bulge
out.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The bellying canvas <i>strutted</i> with the
gale.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To walk with a lofty, proud gait, and erect
head; to walk with affected dignity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Does he not hold up his head, . . . and <i>strut</i> in
his gait?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strut</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For senses 2 & 3 cf. LG.
<i>strutt</i> rigid.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of strutting; a
pompous step or walk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>In general, any piece of a
frame which resists thrust or pressure in the direction of its own
length. See <u>Brace</u>, and <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Frame</u>, and
<u>Roof</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>Any part of a machine or
structure, of which the principal function is to hold things apart; a
brace subjected to compressive stress; -- the opposite of <i>stay</i>,
and <i>tie</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strut</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To hold apart.  Cf.
<u>Strut</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strut</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Protuberant.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p>
<hw>Stru"thi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Struthious.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stru"thi*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Struthiones</b></plw> (#). [L., an ostrich, fr. Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of birds including the African
ostriches.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stru`thi*oi"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Struthio</u>, and <u>-oid</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Struthiones</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stru`thi*o"nes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Struthio</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
division, or order, of birds, including only the African
ostriches.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In a wider sense, an
extensive group of birds including the ostriches, cassowaries, emus,
moas, and allied birds incapable of flight. In this sense it is
equivalent to <i>Ratit&aelig;</i>, or
<i>Drom&aelig;ognath&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stru`thi*o"nine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Struthious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stru"thi*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>struthius</i>, <i>strutheus</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Struthiones, or Ostrich tribe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strut"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
struts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strut"ting</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Strut</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def> -- <wf>Strut"ting*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Struv"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [After the Russian
minister Von <i>Struve</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A crystalline mineral
found in guano. It is a hydrous phosphate of magnesia and
ammonia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strych"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Strychnine</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Strychnine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strych"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to strychnine; produced by strychnine; as, <i>strychnic</i> compounds;
<i>strychnic</i> poisoning</def>; specifically <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<def>used to designate an acid, called also <i>igasuric
acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strych"nine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>strychnos</i>
a kind of nightshade, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>strychnine</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A very poisonous alkaloid resembling brucine,
obtained from various species of plants, especially from species of
<i>Loganiace&aelig;</i>, as from the seeds of the St. Ignatius bean
(<i>Strychnos Ignatia</i>) and from nux vomica. It is obtained as a
white crystalline substance, having a very bitter acrid taste, and is
employed in medicine (chiefly in the form of the sulphate) as a
powerful neurotic stimulant. Called also <i>strychnia</i>, and
formerly <i>strychnina</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Strych"nos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a kind of
nightshade, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of tropical trees and
shrubs of the order <i>Loganiace&aelig;</i>. See <u>Nux
vomica</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1429 !></p>

<p><hw>Stryph"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; astringent.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, a complex
nitrogenous acid, obtained by the action of acetic acid and potassium
nitrite on uric acid, as a yellow crystalline substance, with a
bitter, astringent taste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stub</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stubbe</i>, AS.
<i>stub</i>, <i>styb</i>; akin to D. <i>stobbe</i>, LG. <i>stubbe</i>,
Dan. <i>stub</i>, Sw. <i>stubbe</i>, Icel. <i>stubbr</i>,
<i>stubbi</i>; cf. Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The stump of a
tree; that part of a tree or plant which remains fixed in the earth
when the stem is cut down; -- applied especially to the stump of a
small tree, or shrub.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Stubs</i> sharp and hideous to behold.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And prickly <i>stubs</i> instead of trees are
found.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A log; a block; a blockhead.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The short blunt part of anything after
larger part has been broken off or used up; hence, anything short and
thick; as, the <i>stub</i> of a pencil, candle, or cigar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A part of a leaf in a check book, after a
check is torn out, on which the number, amount, and destination of the
check are usually recorded.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A pen with a short, blunt nib.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A stub nail; an old horseshoe nail; also,
stub iron.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stub end</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>the enlarged end of
a connecting rod, to which the strap is fastened.</cd> -- <col><b>Stub
iron</b></col>, <cd>iron made from stub nails, or old horseshoe nails,
-- used in making gun barrels.</cd> -- <col><b>Stub mortise</b></col>
<i>(Carp.)</i>, <cd>a mortise passing only partly through the timber
in which it is formed.</cd> -- <col><b>Stub nail</b></col>, <cd>an old
horseshoe nail; a nail broken off; also, a short, thick nail.</cd> --
<col><b>Stub short</b></col>, or <col><b>Stub shot</b></col>
<i>(Lumber Manuf.)</i>, <cd>the part of the end of a sawn log or plank
which is beyond the place where the saw kerf ends, and which retains
the plank in connection with the log, until it is split off.</cd> --
<col><b>Stub twist</b></col>, <cd>material for a gun barrel, made of a
spirally welded ribbon of steel and stub iron combined.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stub</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stubbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stubbing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To grub up by the roots; to
extirpate; as, to <i>stub</i> up edible roots.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>stubbing</i>, plowing, digging, and harrowing
is to a piece of land.</blockquote> <i>Berkley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To remove stubs from; as, to <i>stub</i>
land.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To strike as the toes, against a stub,
stone, or other fixed object.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Stub"bed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Reduced to a stub; short and thick, like something truncated;
blunt; obtuse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Abounding in stubs; stubby.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A bit of <i>stubbed</i> ground, once a
wood.</blockquote> <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not nice or delicate; hardy; rugged.</def>
"<i>Stubbed</i>, vulgar constitutions."  <i>Berkley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stub"bed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being stubbed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stub"bi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being stubby.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stub"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stobil</i>,
<i>stoble</i>, OF. <i>estouble</i>, <i>estuble</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;tuele</i>, LL. <i>stupla</i>, <i>stupula</i>, L.
<i>stipula</i> stubble, stalk; cf. D. & G. <i>stopped</i>, OHG.
<i>stupfila</i>.  Cf. <u>Stipule</u>.] <def>The stumps of wheat, rye,
barley, oats, or buckwheat, left in the ground; the part of the stalk
left by the scythe or sickle.</def> "After the first crop is off, they
plow in the wheast <i>stubble</i>."  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Stubble goose</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
graylag goose.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] <i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>Stubble
rake</b></col>, <cd>a rake with long teeth for gleaning in
stubble.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stub"bled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Covered with stubble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A crow was strutting o'er the <i>stubbled</i>
plain.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Stubbed; as, <i>stubbled</i> legs.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stub"bly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered with stubble;
stubbled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stub"born</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stoburn</i>,
<i>stiborn</i>; probably fr. AS. <i>styb</i> a stub. See <u>Stub</u>.]
<def>Firm as a stub or stump; stiff; unbending; unyielding;
persistent; hence, unreasonably obstinate in will or opinion; not
yielding to reason or persuasion; refractory; harsh; -- said of
persons and things; as, <i>stubborn</i> wills; <i>stubborn</i> ore; a
<i>stubborn</i> oak; as <i>stubborn</i> as a mule.</def> "Bow,
<i>stubborn</i> knees." <i>Shak.</i> "<i>Stubborn</i> attention and
more than common application." <i>Locke.</i> "<i>Stubborn</i> Stoics."
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And I was young and full of ragerie [wantonness]<BR>
<i>Stubborn</i> and strong, and jolly as a pie.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These heretics be so stiff and
<i>stubborn</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your <i>stubborn</i> usage of the pope.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Obstinate; inflexible; obdurate; headstrong; stiff;
hardy; firm; refractory; intractable; rugged; contumacious; heady.  --
<u>Stubborn</u>, <u>Obstinate</u>. <i>Obstinate</i> is used of either
active or passive persistence in one's views or conduct, in spite of
the wishes of others. <i>Stubborn</i> describes an extreme degree of
passive <i>obstinacy</i>.
 -- <wf>Stub"born*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Stub"born*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Stub"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Abounding with stubs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Short and thick; short and strong, as
bristles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stuc"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stuccoes</b></plw> (#), <plw><b>Stuccos</b></plw>. [It., fr.
OHG. <i>stucchi</i> a crust, piece, G. <i>st&uuml;ck</i> piece; akin
to AS. <i>stycce</i>. See <u>Stock</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Plaster of any kind used as a coating for walls, especially, a
fine plaster, composed of lime or gypsum with sand and pounded marble,
used for internal decorations and fine work.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Work made of stucco; stuccowork.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stuc"co</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stuccoed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stuccoing</u> (?).] <def>To overlay or decorate with stucco, or
fine plaster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stuc"co*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
stuccoes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stuc"co*work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Work done in
stucco.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stuck</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Stick</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stuck</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. 1st <u>Stoccado</u>.]
<def>A thrust.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stuc"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Stook</u>.]
<def>A number of sheaves set together in the field; a stook.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stuck"-up`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Self-important
and supercilious, &?;onceited; vain; arrogant.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The airs of small, <i>stuck-up</i>, men.</blockquote>
<i>A. K. H. Boyd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stud</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stod</i>,
<i>stood</i>, AS. <i>st&omacr;d</i>; akin to OHG. <i>stuota</i>, G.
<i>stute</i> a mare, Icel. <i>st&omacr;&?;</i> stud, Lith.
<i>stodas</i> a herd, Russ. <i>stado</i>, and to E. <i>stand</i>. The
sense is properly, a stand, an establishment. &radic;163. See
<u>Stand</u>, and cf. <u>Steed</u>.] <def>A collection of breeding
horses and mares, or the place where they are kept; also, a number of
horses kept for a racing, riding, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the <i>studs</i> of Ireland, where care is taken, we
see horses bred of excellent shape, vigor, and size.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He had the finest <i>stud</i> in England, and his
delight was to win plates from Tories.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stud</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>studu</i> a post;
akin to Sw. <i>st&ouml;d</i> a prop, Icel. <i>sto&?;</i> a post,
<i>sty&?;ja</i> to prop, and probably ultimately to E. <i>stand</i>;
cf. D. <i>stut</i> a prop, G. <i>st&uuml;tze</i>. See <u>Stand</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stem; a trunk.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Seest not this same hawthorn <i>stud</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An upright scanting, esp.
one of the small uprights in the framing for lath and plaster
partitions, and furring, and upon which the laths are
nailed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kind of nail with a large head, used
chiefly for ornament; an ornamental knob; a boss.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A belt of straw and ivy buds,<BR>
With coral clasps and amber <i>studs</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Marlowe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Crystal and myrrhine cups, embossed with gems<BR>
And <i>studs</i> of pearl.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An ornamental button of various forms, worn
in a shirt front, collar, wristband, or the like, not sewed in place,
but inserted through a buttonhole or eyelet, and
transferable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A short
rod or pin, fixed in and projecting from something, and sometimes
forming a journal.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A stud
bolt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An iron brace across the shorter diameter
of the link of a chain cable.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stud bolt</b></col>, <cd>a bolt with threads on both ends,
to be screwed permanently into a fixed part at one end and receive a
nut upon the other; -- called also <i>standing bolt</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stud</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Studded</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Studding</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To adorn with shining studs,
or knobs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy horses shall be trapped,<BR>
Their harness <i>studded</i> all with gold and pearl.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To set with detached ornaments or prominent
objects; to set thickly, as with studs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sloping sides and summits of our hills, and the
extensive plains that stretch before our view, are <i>studded</i> with
substantial, neat, and commodious dwellings of freemen.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Hobart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stud"book`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A genealogical
register of a particular breed or stud of horses, esp.
thoroughbreds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stud"der*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stud, or
collection of breeding horses and mares; also, a place for keeping a
stud.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>King Henry the Eighth erected a noble
<i>studdery</i>.</blockquote> <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stud"ding</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Material for
studs, or joists; studs, or joists, collectively; studs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stud"ding sail`</hw> (?). <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A light sail set
at the side of a principal or square sail of a vessel in free winds,
to increase her speed. Its head is bent to a small spar which is
called the <i>studding-sail boom</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Sail</u>.</def>  <i>Toten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stu"dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>studens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>studere</i> to study. See <u>Study</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A person engaged in
study; one who is devoted to learning; a learner; a pupil; a scholar;
especially, one who attends a school, or who seeks knowledge from
professional teachers or from books; as, the <i>students</i> of an
academy, a college, or a university; a medical <i>student</i>; a hard
<i>student</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Keep a gamester from the dice, and a good
<i>student</i> from his book.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who studies or examines in any manner;
an attentive and systematic observer; as, a <i>student</i> of human
nature, or of physical nature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stu"dent*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A body of
students.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Stu"dent*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being a student.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stud"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of small American minnows of the genus
<i>Fundulus</i>, as <i>F. catenatus</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stud"-horse`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>st&omacr;d-
hors</i>.] <def>A stallion, esp. one kept for breeding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stud"ied</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Closely examined; read with diligence and attention; made the
subject of study; well considered; as, a <i>studied</i>
lesson.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Well versed in any branch of learning;
qualified by study; learned; as, a man well <i>studied</i> in
geometry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I shrewdly suspect that he is little <i>studied</i> of
a theory of moral proportions.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Premeditated; planned; designed; as, a
<i>studied</i> insult.</def> "<i>Studied</i> magnificence."
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Intent; inclined.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stud"ied*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a studied
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stud"i*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A student.</def>
[R.]  <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lipsius was a great <i>studier</i> of the stoical
philosophy.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stu"di*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Studios</b></plw> (#). [It. <i>studio</i>, properly, study.
See <u>Study</u>.] <def>The working room of an artist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stu"di*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>studious</i>:
cf. F. <i>studieux</i>. See <u>Study</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Given to study; devoted to the acquisition of knowledge from
books; as, a <i>studious</i> scholar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Given to thought, or to the examination of
subjects by contemplation; contemplative.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Earnest in endeavors; aiming sedulously;
attentive; observant; diligent; -- usually followed by an infinitive
or by <i>of</i>; as, be <i>studious</i> to please; <i>studious</i> to
find new friends and allies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You that are so <i>studious</i><BR>
Of my affairs, wholly neglect your own.</blockquote>
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Planned with study; deliberate;
studied.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For the frigid villainy of <i>studious</i> lewdness, .
. . with apology can be invented?</blockquote> <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Favorable to study; suitable for thought
and contemplation; as, the <i>studious</i> shade.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>But let my due feet never fail<BR>
To walk the <i>studious</i> cloister's pale.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Stu"di*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Stu"di*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Stud"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Studies</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>studie</i>, L. <i>studium</i>,
akin to <i>studere</i> to study; possibly akin to Gr. &?; haste, zeal,
&?; to hasten; cf. OF. <i>estudie</i>, <i>estude</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;tude</i>.  Cf. <u>Etude</u>, <u>Student</u>, <u>Studio</u>,
<u>Study</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
setting of the mind or thoughts upon a subject; hence, application of
mind to books, arts, or science, or to any subject, for the purpose of
acquiring knowledge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hammond . . . spent thirteen hours of the day in
<i>study</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Fell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Study</i> gives strength to the mind; conversation,
grace.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mental occupation; absorbed or thoughtful
attention; meditation; contemplation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Just men they seemed, and all their <i>study</i>
bent<BR>
To worship God aright, and know his works.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any particular branch of learning that is
studied; any object of attentive consideration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Holy Scriptures, especially the New Testament, are
her daily <i>study</i>.</blockquote> <i>Law.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The proper <i>study</i> of mankind is man.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A building or apartment devoted to study or
to literary work.</def> "His cheery little <i>study</i>."
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>A representation or
rendering of any object or scene intended, not for exhibition as an
original work of art, but for the information, instruction, or
assistance of the maker; as, a <i>study</i> of heads or of hands for a
figure picture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A piece for special practice.
See <u>Etude</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stud"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Studied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Studying</u> (?).] [OE. <i>studien</i>, OF. <i>estudier</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;tudier</i>. See <u>Study</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fix the mind closely upon a subject; to
dwell upon anything in thought; to muse; to ponder.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I found a moral first, and then <i>studied</i> for a
fable.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To apply the mind to books or
learning.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To endeavor diligently; to be
zealous.</def>  <i>1 Thes. iv. 11.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stud"y</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
apply the mind to; to read and examine for the purpose of learning and
understanding; as, to <i>study</i> law or theology; to <i>study</i>
languages.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To consider attentively; to examine
closely; as, to <i>study</i> the work of nature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Study</i> thyself; what rank or what degree<BR>
The wise Creator has ordained for thee.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To form or arrange by previous thought; to
con over, as in committing to memory; as, to <i>study</i> a
speech.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make an object of study; to aim at
sedulously; to devote one's thoughts to; as, to <i>study</i> the
welfare of others; to <i>study</i> variety in composition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For their heart <i>studieth</i>
destruction.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xxiv. 2.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Stu"fa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>stufa</i> a
stove. See <u>Stove</u>.] <def>A jet of steam issuing from a fissure
in the earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stuff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>estoffe</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;toffe</i>; of uncertain origin, perhaps of Teutonic origin
and akin to E. <i>stop</i>, v.t.  Cf. <u>Stuff</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Material which is to be worked
up in any process of manufacture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For the <i>stuff</i> they had was sufficient for all
the work to make it, and too much.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxxvi.
7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ambitions should be made of sterner
<i>stuff</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The workman on his <i>stuff</i> his skill doth
show,<BR>
And yet the <i>stuff</i> gives not the man his skill.</blockquote>
<i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fundamental material of which anything
is made up; elemental part; essence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet do I hold it very <i>stuff</i> o' the
conscience<BR>
To do no contrived murder.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Woven material not made into garments;
fabric of any kind; specifically, any one of various fabrics of wool
or worsted; sometimes, worsted fiber.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>stuff</i> wilt have a kirtle of?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It [the arras] was of <i>stuff</i> and silk mixed,
though, superior kinds were of silk exclusively.</blockquote> <i>F. G.
Lee.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Furniture; goods; domestic vessels or
utensils.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He took away locks, and gave away the king's
<i>stuff</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A medicine or mixture; a potion.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Refuse or worthless matter; hence, also,
foolish or irrational language; nonsense; trash.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Anger would indite<BR>
Such woeful <i>stuff</i> as I or Shadwell write.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A melted mass of turpentine,
tallow, etc., with which the masts, sides, and bottom of a ship are
smeared for lubrication.</def>
 <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Paper stock ground ready for use.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When partly ground, called <i>half stuff</i>.
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Clear stuff</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Clear</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Small stuff</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>all kinds of small
cordage.</cd> <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i> -- <col><b>Stuff gown</b></col>,
<cd>the distinctive garb of a junior barrister; hence, a junior
barrister himself. See <i>Silk gown</i>, under <u>Silk</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stuff</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stuffed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stuffing</u>.] [OE. <i>stoffen</i>; cf. OF. <i>estoffer</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;toffer</i>, to put stuff in, to stuff, to line, also, OF.
<i>estouffer</i> to stifle, F. <i>&eacute;touffer</i>; both perhaps of
Teutonic origin, and akin to E. <i>stop</i>.  Cf. <u>Stop</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Stuff</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fill by crowding something into; to cram
with something; to load to excess; as, to <i>stuff</i> a
bedtick.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sometimes this crook drew hazel bought adown,<BR>
And <i>stuffed</i> her apron wide with nuts so brown.</blockquote>
<i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest the gods, for sin,<BR>
Should with a swelling dropsy <i>stuff</i> thy skin.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To thrust or crowd; to press; to
pack.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Put roses into a glass with a narrow mouth,
<i>stuffing</i> them close together . . . and they retain smell and
color.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fill by being pressed or packed
into.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With inward arms the dire machine they load,<BR>
And iron bowels <i>stuff</i> the dark abode.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>To fill with a seasoning
composition of bread, meat, condiments, etc.; as, to <i>stuff</i> a
turkey.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To obstruct, as any of the organs; to
affect with some obstruction in the organs of sense or
respiration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'm <i>stuffed</i>, cousin; I can not
smell.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To fill the skin of, for the purpose of
preserving as a specimen; -- said of birds or other animals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To form or fashion by packing with the
necessary material.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An Eastern king put a judge to death for an iniquitous
sentence, and ordered his hide to be <i>stuffed</i> into a cushion,
and placed upon the tribunal.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To crowd with facts; to cram the mind of;
sometimes, to crowd or fill with false or idle tales or
fancies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To put fraudulent votes into (a ballot
box).</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><! p. 1430 !></p>

<p><hw>Stuff</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To feed
gluttonously; to cram.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Taught harmless man to cram and
<i>stuff</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stuff"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, stuffs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stuff"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being stuffy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stuff"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is used for filling anything; as, the <i>stuffing</i>
of a saddle or cushion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>Any seasoning preparation
used to stuff meat; especially, a composition of bread, condiments,
spices, etc.; forcemeat; dressing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A mixture of oil and tallow used in
softening and dressing leather.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stuffing box</b></col>, <cd>a device for rendering a joint
impervious where there is a hole through which a movable cylindrical
body, as the paston rod of a steam engine, or the plunger of a pump,
slides back and forth, or in which a shaft turns. It usually consists
of a box or chamber, made by an enlargement of part of the hole,
forming a space around the rod or shaft for containing packing which
is compressed and made to fill the space closely by means of a sleeve,
called the <i>gland</i>, which fits loosely around the rod, and is
pressed upon the packing by bolts or other means.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stuff"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Stout; mettlesome; resolute.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Angry and obstinate; sulky.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Ill-ventilated; close.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stuke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Stucco.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stull</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. <u>Stum</u>.] <def>A
framework of timber covered with boards to support rubbish; also, a
framework of boards to protect miners from falling stones.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stulm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>stollen</i> a
post, a stulm, E. <i>stall</i>, <i>stand</i>.] <def>A shaft or gallery
to drain a mine.</def> [Local, Eng.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stulp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>st&omacr;lpi</i>, Dan., Sw., & OD. <i>stolpe</i>.] <def>A short,
stout post used for any purpose, a to mark a boundary.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stul`ti*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of stultifying, or the state of being stultified.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stul"ti*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
stultifies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stul"ti*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stultified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stultifying</u> (?).] [L. <i>stultus</i> foolish + <i>-fy</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make foolish; to make a fool of; as, to
<i>stultify</i> one by imposition; to <i>stultify</i> one's self by
silly reasoning or conduct.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To regard as a fool, or as foolish.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The modern sciolist <i>stultifies</i> all understanding
but his own, and that which he conceives like his own.</blockquote>
<i>Hazlitt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To allege or prove to be of
unsound mind, so that the performance of some act may be
avoided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stul*til"o*quence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stultiloquentia</i>; <i>stultus</i> foolish + <i>loquentia</i> a
talking, fr. <i>loquens</i>, p. pr. of <i>loqui</i> to talk.]
<def>Silly talk; babbling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stul*til"o*quent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>stultiloquus</i>. See <u>Stultiloquence</u>.] <def>Given to, or
characterized by, silly talk; babbling.</def> --
<wf>Stul*til"o*quent*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Stul*til"o*quy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stultiloquium</i>.] <def>Foolish talk; silly discource;
babbling.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stul"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stultus</i>
foolish.] <def>Foolish; silly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Testament of
Love.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>stom</i> must, new
wort, properly, dumb; cf. F. <i>vin muet</i> stum.  Cf.
<u>Stammer</u>, <u>Stoom</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Unfermented
grape juice or wine, often used to raise fermentation in dead or vapid
wines; must.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let our wines, without mixture of <i>stum</i>, be all
fine.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And with thy <i>stum</i> ferment their fainting
cause.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wine revived by new fermentation, reulting
from the admixture of must.</def>  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stum</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stummed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stumming</u>.] <def>To renew, as wine, by mixing must with it and
raising a new fermentation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>stum</i> our wines to renew their
spirits.</blockquote> <i>Floyer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stum"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stumbled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stumbling</u> (?).] [OE. <i>stumblen</i>, <i>stomblen</i>; freq. of
a word akin to E. <i>stammer</i>. See <u>Stammer</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To trip in walking or in moving in any way
with the legs; to strike the foot so as to fall, or to endanger a
fall; to stagger because of a false step.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There <i>stumble</i> steeds strong and down go
all.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The way of the wicked is as darkness: they know at what
they <i>stumble</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prov. iv. 19.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To walk in an unsteady or clumsy
manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>stumbled</i> up the dark avenue.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fall into a crime or an error; to
err.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that loveth his brother abideth in the light, and
there is none occasion og <i>stumbling</i> in him.</blockquote> <i>1
John ii. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To strike or happen (upon a person or
thing) without design; to fall or light by chance; -- with <i>on</i>,
<i>upon</i>, or <i>against</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ovid <i>stumbled</i>, by some inadvertency, upon Livia
in a bath.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Forth as she waddled in the brake,<BR>
A gray goose <i>stumbled</i> on a snake.</blockquote> <i>C.
Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stum"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cause to stumble or trip.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To mislead; to confound; to perplex;
to cause to err or to fall.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>False and dazzling fires to <i>stumble</i>
men.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One thing more <i>stumbles</i> me in the very
foundation of this hypothesis.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stum"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
trip in walking or running.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A blunder; a failure; a fall from
rectitude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One <i>stumble</i> is enough to deface the character of
an honorable life.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stum"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
stumbles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stum"bling-block`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any cause
of stumbling, perplexity, or error.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We preach Christ crucified, unto the Jews a
<i>stumbling-block</i>, and unto the Greeks foolishness.</blockquote>
<i>1 Cor. i. 23.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stum"bling*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
stumbling manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stum"bling-stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
stumbling-block.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>stumbling-stone</i> we hope to take
away.</blockquote> <i>T. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stump</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stumpe</i>,
<i>stompe</i>; akin to D. <i>stomp</i>, G. <i>stumpf</i>, Icel.
<i>stumpr</i>, Dan. & Sw. <i>stump</i>, and perhaps also to E.
<i>stamp</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The part of a tree or plant
remaining in the earth after the stem or trunk is cut off; the
stub.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The part of a limb or other body remaining
after a part is amputated or destroyed; a fixed or rooted remnant; a
stub; as, the <i>stump</i> of a leg, a finger, a tooth, or a
broom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The legs; as, to stir one's
<i>stumps</i>.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Cricket)</i> <def>One of the three pointed
rods stuck in the ground to form a wicket and support the
bails.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A short, thick roll of leather or paper,
cut to a point, or any similar implement, used to rub down the lines
of a crayon or pencil drawing, in shading it, or for shading drawings
by producing tints and gradations from crayon, etc., in
powder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A pin in a tumbler lock which forms an
obstruction to throwing the bolt, except when the gates of the
tumblers are properly arranged, as by the key; a fence; also, a pin or
projection in a lock to form a guide for a movable piece.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Leg stump</b></col> <i>(Cricket)</i>, <cd>the stump nearest
to the batsman.</cd> -- <col><b>Off stump</b></col> <i>(Cricket)</i>,
<cd>the stump farthest from the batsman.</cd> -- <col><b>Stump
tracery</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a term used to describe late
German Gothic tracery, in which the molded bar seems to pass through
itself in its convolutions, and is then cut off short, so that a
section of the molding is seen at the end of each similar stump.</cd>
-- <col><b>To go on the stump</b></col>, or <col><b>To take the
stump</b></col>, <cd>to engage in making public addresses for
electioneering purposes; -- a phrase derived from the practice of
using a stump for a speaker's platform in newly-settled districts.
Hence also the phrases <i>stump orator</i>, <i>stump speaker</i>,
<i>stump speech</i>, <i>stump oratory</i>, etc.</cd> [Colloq.
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Stump</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stumped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stumping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut off a part of; to
reduce to a stump; to lop.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Around the <i>stumped</i> top soft moss did
grow.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike, as the toes, against a stone or
something fixed; to stub.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To challenge; also, to nonplus.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To travel over, delivering speeches for
electioneering purposes; as, to <i>stump</i> a State, or a district.
See <i>To go on the stump</i>, under <u>Stump</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Cricket)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To put
(a batsman) out of play by knocking off the bail, or knocking down the
stumps of the wicket he is defending while he is off his allotted
ground; -- sometimes with <i>out</i>.</def> <i>T. Hughes.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To bowl down the stumps of, as, of a
wicket.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A herd of boys with clamor bowled,<BR>
And <i>stumped</i> the wicket.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To stump it</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To go afoot;
hence, to run away; to escape</cd>. [Slang] <i>Ld. Lytton.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To make electioneering speeches.</cd> [Colloq.
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Stump</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To walk clumsily, as
if on stumps.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To stump up</b></col>, <cd>to pay cash.</cd> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stump"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Timber in standing trees, -- often sold without the land at a
fixed price per tree or per stump, the stumps being counted when the
land is cleared.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Only trees above a certain size are allowed to be cut
by loggers buying <i>stumpage</i> from the owners of
land.</blockquote> <i>C. S. Sargent.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tax on the amount of timber cut,
regulated by the price of lumber.</def> [Local, U.S.]  <i>The
Nation.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stump"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who stumps.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A boastful person.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A puzzling or incredible story.</def>
[Slang, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Stump"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being stumpy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stump"-tailed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
short, thick tail.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stump-tailed lizard</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
singular Australian scincoid lizard (<i>Trachydosaurus rugosus</i>)
having a short, thick tail resembling its head in form; -- called also
<i>sleeping lizard</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stump"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of stumps; hard; strong.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Short and thick; stubby.</def> [Colloq.] "A
<i>stumpy</i> little man."  <i>J. C. Harris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stun</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stunned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stunning</u>.] [OE. <i>stonien</i>, <i>stownien</i>; either fr. AS.
<i>stunian</i> to resound (cf. D. <i>stenen</i> to groan, G.
<i>st&ouml;hnen</i>, Icel. <i>stynja</i>, Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>stan</i> to
thunder, and E. <i>thunder</i>), or from the same source as E.
<i>astonish</i>. &radic;168.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make
senseless or dizzy by violence; to render senseless by a blow, as on
the head.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One hung a poleax at his saddlebow,<BR>
And one a heavy mace to <i>stun</i> the foe.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dull or deaden the sensibility of; to
overcome; especially, to overpower one's sense of hearing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>stunned</i> him with the music of the
spheres.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To astonish; to overpower; to
bewilder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>William was quite <i>stunned</i> at my
discourse.</blockquote> <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stun</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition of being
stunned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stung</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Sting</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stunk</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Stink</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stun"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, stuns.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something striking or amazing in quality;
something of extraordinary excellence.</def> [Slang]
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stun"ning</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Overpowering consciousness; overpowering the senses; especially,
overpowering the sense of hearing; confounding with noise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Striking or overpowering with astonishment,
especially on account of excellence; as, <i>stunning</i> poetry.</def>
[Slang] <i>C. Kingsley.</i> -- <wf>Stun"ning*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Stun"sail</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
contraction of <u>Studding sail</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With every rag set, <i>stunsails</i>, sky scrapers and
all.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stunt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stunted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stunting</u>.] [See <u>Stint</u>.] <def>To hinder from growing to
the natural size; to prevent the growth of; to stint, to dwarf; as, to
<i>stunt</i> a child; to <i>stunt</i> a plant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When, by a cold penury, I blast the abilities of a
nation, and <i>stunt</i> the growth of its active energies, the ill or
may do is beyond all calculation.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stunt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
check in growth; also, that which has been checked in growth; a
stunted animal or thing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: A whale two years old, which,
having been weaned, is lean, and yields but little blubber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stunt"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dwarfed.</def> --
<wf>Stunt"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Stunt"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Stuntedness;
brevity.</def> [R.]  <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Stu"pa</hw> (st&oomac;"p&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>st&umacr;pa</i>.] <def>A mound or monument commemorative of
Buddha.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stu"pa</hw> (st&umacr;"p&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>See 1st <u>Stupe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stupe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stupa</i>, or
better <i>stuppa</i>, tow.  Cf. <u>Stop</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Cloth or flax dipped in warm water or medicaments
and applied to a hurt or sore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stupe</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stuped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stuping</u>.] <def>To foment with a stupe.</def>
<i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stupe</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Stupid</u>.] <def>A
stupid person.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stu`pe*fa"cient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stupefaciens</i>, p. pr. of <i>stupefacere</i> to stupefy;
<i>stupere</i> to be stupefied + <i>facere</i> to make.  Cf.
<u>Stupefy</u>.] [Written also <i>stupifacient</i>.] <def>Producing
stupefaction; stupefactive.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Anything promoting stupefaction; a
narcotic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stu`pe*fac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>stup&eacute;faction</i>. See <u>Stupefacient</u>.] <def>The act of
stupefying, or the state of being stupefied.</def> [Written also
<i>stupifaction</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Resistance of the dictates of conscience brings a
hardness and <i>stupefaction</i> upon it.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stu`pe*fac"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>stup&eacute;factif</i>, LL. <i>stupefactivus</i>.] <def>Same as
<u>Stupefacient</u>.</def> [Written also <i>stupifactive</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Stu"pe*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having been
made stupid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stu"pe*fied`ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being stupid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stu"pe*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, stupefies; a stupefying agent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stu"pe*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stupefied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stupefying</u> (?).] [F. <i>stup&eacute;fier</i>, fr. L.
<i>stupere</i> to be stupefied + <i>ficare</i> (in comp.) to make,
akin to <i>facere</i>. See <u>Stupid</u>, <u>Fact</u>, and cf.
<u>Stupefacient</u>.] [Written also <i>stupify</i>, especially in
England.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make stupid; to make dull; to
blunt the faculty of perception or understanding in; to deprive of
sensibility; to make torpid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fumes of drink discompose and <i>stupefy</i> the
brain.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of material mobility.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It is not malleable; but yet is not fluent, but
<i>stupefied</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stu*pen"dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stupendus</i> astonishing, p. future pass. of <i>stupere</i> to be
astonished at.  Cf. <u>Stupid</u>.] <def>Astonishing; wonderful;
amazing; especially, astonishing in magnitude or elevation; as, a
<i>stupendous</i> pile.</def> "A <i>stupendous</i> sum."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All are but parts of one <i>stupendous</i>
whole.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Stu*pen"dous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Stu*pen"dous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Stu"pe*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stupa</i>, or
better <i>stuppa</i>, tow; cf. L. <i>stuppeus</i> made of tow.  Cf.
<u>Stupose</u>.] <def>Resembling tow; having long, loose scales, or
matted filaments, like tow; stupose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stu"pid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stupidus</i>, fr.
<i>stupere</i> to be stupefied: cf. F. <i>stupide</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Very dull; insensible; senseless; wanting in
understanding; heavy; sluggish; in a state of stupor; -- said of
persons.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O that men . . . should be so <i>stupid</i> grown . . .
<BR>
As to forsake the living God!</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With wild surprise,<BR>
A moment <i>stupid</i>, motionless he stood.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resulting from, or evincing, stupidity;
formed without skill or genius; dull; heavy; -- said of
things.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Observe what loads of <i>stupid</i> rhymes<BR>
Oppress us in corrupted times.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Simple; insensible; sluggish; senseless; doltish;
sottish; dull; heavy; clodpated.
 -- <wf>Stu"pid*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Stu"pid*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Stu*pid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stupiditas</i>: cf. F. <i>stupidit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being stupid; extreme dullness of
perception or understanding; insensibility; sluggishness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Stupor; astonishment; stupefaction.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>stupidity</i><BR>
Past admiration strikes me, joined with fear.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stu"pi*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Stupefy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stu"por</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from <i>stupere</i>
to be struck senseless.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Great diminution or
suspension of sensibility; suppression of sense or feeling;
lethargy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Intellectual insensibility; moral
stupidity; heedlessness or inattention to one's interests.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stu*pose</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stupa</i>, or
better <i>stuppa</i>, tow.  Cf. <u>Stupeous</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Composed of, or having, tufted or matted filaments like tow;
stupeous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stu"prate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stupratus</i>, p. p. of <i>stuprare</i> to ravish, fr.
<i>stuprum</i> defilement.] <def>To ravish; to debauch.</def> [R.]
<i>Heywood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stu*pra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Violation of
chastity by force; rape.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Stu"prum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>Stupration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sturb</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To disturb.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stur"di*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sturdy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stur"di*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of being
sturdy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stur"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sturdier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sturdiest</u>.] [OE. <i>sturdi</i>
inconsiderable, OF. <i>estourdi</i> stunned, giddy, thoughtless, rash,
F. <i>&eacute;tourdi</i>, p. p. of OF. <i>estourdir</i> to stun, to
render giddy, to amaze, F. <i>&eacute;tourdir</i>; of uncertain
origin. The sense has probably been influenced by E. <i>stout</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Foolishly obstinate or resolute; stubborn;
unrelenting; unfeeling; stern.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>sturdy</i> marquis gan his hearte dress<BR>
To rue upon her wifely steadfastness.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This must be done, and I would fain see<BR>
Mortal so <i>sturdy</i> as to gainsay.</blockquote>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>sturdy</i>, hardened sinner shall advance to the
utmost pitch of impiety with less reluctance than he took the first
steps.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resolute, in a good sense; or firm,
unyielding quality; as, a man of <i>sturdy</i> piety or
patriotism.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by physical strength or
force; strong; lusty; violent; as, a <i>sturdy</i> lout.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How bowed the woods beneath their <i>sturdy</i>
stroke!</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Stiff; stout; strong; as, a <i>sturdy</i>
oak.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He was not of any delicate contexture; his limbs rather
<i>sturdy</i> than dainty.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Hardy; stout; strong; firm; robust; stiff.</p>

<p><! p. 1431 !></p>

<p><hw>Stur"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>estourdi</i>
giddiness, stupefaction.] <i>(Vet.)</i> <def>A disease in sheep and
cattle, marked by great nervousness, or by dullness and
stupor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stur"geon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>esturgeon</i>,
LL. <i>sturio</i>, <i>sturgio</i>, OHG. <i>sturjo</i>, G.
<i>st&ouml;r</i>; akin to AS. <i>styria</i>, <i>styriga</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of large
cartilaginous ganoid fishes belonging to <i>Acipenser</i> and allied
genera of the family <i>Acipenserid&aelig;</i>. They run up rivers to
spawn, and are common on the coasts and in the large rivers and lakes
of North America, Europe, and Asia. Caviare is prepared from the roe,
and isinglass from the air bladder.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common North American species are <i>Acipenser
sturio</i> of the Atlantic coast region, <i>A. transmontanus</i> of
the Pacific coast, and <i>A. rubicundus</i> of the Mississippi River
and its tributaries. In Europe, the common species is <i>Acipenser
sturio</i>, and other well-known species are the sterlet and the huso.
    The sturgeons are included in the order Chondrostei. Their body is
partially covered by five rows of large, carinated, bony plates, of
which one row runs along the back. The tail is heterocercal. The
toothless and protrusile mouth is beneath the head, and has four
barbels in front.</p>

<p><col><b>Shovel-nosed sturgeon</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Shovelnose</u> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Stu`ri*o"nes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
LL. <i>sturio</i>. See <u>Sturgeon</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
order of fishes including the sturgeons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stu`ri*o"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the family of fishes of which the
sturgeon is the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sturk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Stirk</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Stur"noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sturnus</i> a
starling + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining
to the starlings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sturt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Start</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>To vex; to annoy; to startle.</def>
[Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Sturt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Disturbance; annoyance; care.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
"<i>Sturt</i> and care."  <i>J. Rolland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A bargain in tribute mining
by which the tributor profits.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stur"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A corruption of
<u>Nasturtion</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stut</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To stutter.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stut"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Stuttered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Stuttering</u>.] [Freq. of <i>stut</i>, OE.
<i>stoten</i>; probably of Dutch or Low German origin; cf. D. & LG.
<i>stotteren</i>, G. <i>stottern</i>, D. <i>stooten</i> to push, to
strike; akin to G. <i>stossen</i>, Icel. <i>stauta</i>, Sw.
<i>st&ouml;ta</i>, Dan. <i>st&ouml;de</i>, Goth. <i>stautan</i>, L.
<i>tundere</i>, Skr. <i>tud</i> to thrust.  Cf. <u>Contuse</u>,
<u>Obtuse</u>.] <def>To hesitate or stumble in uttering words; to
speak with spasmodic repetition or pauses; to stammer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Trembling, <i>stuttering</i>, calling for his
confessor.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stut"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of stuttering; a stammer. See <u>Stammer</u>, and
<u>Stuttering</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who stutters; a stammerer.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stut"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
stutters; a stammerer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stut"ter*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of one who
stutters; -- restricted by some physiologists to defective speech due
to inability to form the proper sounds, the breathing being normal, as
distinguished from <i>stammering</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stut"ter*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Apt to stutter;
hesitating; stammering.</def> -- <wf>Stut"ter*ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sties</b></plw> (&?;). [Written also <i>stigh</i>.] [AS.
<i>stigu</i>, fr. <i>st&imacr;gan</i> to rise; originally, probably, a
place into which animals climbed or went up. &radic;164. See
<u>Sty</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Steward</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pen or inclosure for swine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place of bestial debauchery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To roll with pleasure in a sensual
<i>sty</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sty</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stying</u> (?).] <def>To shut up in, or as in, a sty.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sty</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stien</i>,
<i>sti&?;en</i>, AS. <i>st&imacr;gan</i> to rise; akin to D.
<i>stijgen</i>, OS. & OHG. <i>st&imacr;gan</i>, G. <i>steigen</i>,
Icel. <i>st&imacr;ga</i>, Sw. <i>stiga</i>, Dan. <i>stige</i>, Goth.
<i>steigan</i>, L. <i>vestigium</i> footstep, Gr. &?; to walk, to go,
Skr. <i>stigh</i> to mount.  Cf. <u>Distich</u>, <u>Stair</u> steps,
<u>Stirrup</u>, <u>Sty</u> a boil, a pen for swine, <u>Vestige</u>.]
<def>To soar; to ascend; to mount. See <u>Stirrup</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With bolder wing shall dare aloft to <i>sty</i>,<BR>
To the last praises of this Faery Queene.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For older <i>styan</i>,
<i>styanye</i>, understood as <i>sty on eye</i>, AS.
<i>st&imacr;gend</i> (sc. <i>e&aacute;ge</i> eye), properly, rising,
or swelling (eye), p. p. of <i>st&imacr;gan</i> to rise. See
<u>Sty</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An inflamed
swelling or boil on the edge of the eyelid.</def> [Written also
<i>stye</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sty"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Sty</u>, a
boil.</def> [R.]  <i>De quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sty"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., fr. AS.
<i>stic</i>, <i>styc</i>, <i>stycge</i>.] <def>An anglo-Saxon copper
coin of the lowest value, being worth half a farthing.</def>  <i>S. M.
Leake.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sty"cer*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sty</i>ryl +
gly<i>cerin</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A triacid alcohol, related to
glycerin, and obtained from certain styryl derivatives as a yellow,
gummy, amorphous substance; -- called also <i>phenyl
glycerin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stye</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Sty</u>, a
boil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Styg"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stygian.</def>
[R.]  <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Styg"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Stygius</i>,
fr. <i>Styx</i>, <i>Stygis</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;, the Styx.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the river Styx; hence, hellish; infernal. See
<u>Styx</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At that so sudden blaze, the <i>Stygian</i> throng<BR>
Bent their aspect.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sty`la*gal*ma"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
column + &?; an image.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Performing the office of
columns; as, Atlantes and Caryatides are <i>stylagalmaic</i> figures
or images.</def> [Written also <i>stylogalmaic</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sty"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Stilar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sty*las"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;
pillar + &?; star.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of delicate, usually pink, calcareous hydroid corals of the
genus <i>Stylaster</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Style</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stile</i>, F.
<i>style</i>, Of. also <i>stile</i>, L. <i>stilus</i> a style or
writing instrument, manner or writing, mode of expression; probably
for <i>stiglus</i>, meaning, a pricking instrument, and akin to E.
<i>stick</i>. See <u>Stick</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Stiletto</u>. The spelling with <i>y</i> is due to a supposed
connection with Gr. &?; a pillar.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
instrument used by the ancients in writing on tablets covered with
wax, having one of its ends sharp, and the other blunt, and somewhat
expanded, for the purpose of making erasures by smoothing the
wax.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, anything resembling the ancient
style in shape or use.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A pen; an author's pen.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A sharp-pointed tool used in engraving; a
graver.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A kind of blunt-pointed surgical
instrument.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A long, slender,
bristlelike process, as the anal <i>styles</i> of insects.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> [Perhaps fr. Gr. &?; a pillar.] <def>The pin,
or gnomon, of a dial, the shadow of which indicates the hour. See
<u>Gnomon</u>.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> [Probably fr. Gr. &?; a pillar.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The elongated part of a pistil between the ovary and the stigma.
See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Stamen</u>, and of <u>Pistil</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Mode of expressing thought in language,
whether oral or written; especially, such use of language in the
expression of thought as exhibits the spirit and faculty of an artist;
choice or arrangement of words in discourse; rhetorical
expression.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>High <i>style</i>, as when that men to kinges
write.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Style</i> is the dress of thoughts.</blockquote>
<i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Proper words in proper places make the true definition
of <i>style</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is <i>style</i> alone by which posterity will judge
of a great work.</blockquote> <i>I. Disraeli.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Mode of presentation, especially in music
or any of the fine arts; a characteristic of peculiar mode of
developing in idea or accomplishing a result.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ornamental <i>style</i> also possesses its own
peculiar merit.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Reynolds.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Conformity to a recognized standard; manner
which is deemed elegant and appropriate, especially in social
demeanor; fashion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>According to the usual <i>style</i> of
dedications.</blockquote> <i>C. Middleton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Mode or phrase by which anything is
formally designated; the title; the official designation of any
important body; mode of address; as, the <i>style</i> of
Majesty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One <i>style</i> to a gracious benefactor, another to a
proud, insulting foe.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Chron.)</i> <def>A mode of reckoning time,
with regard to the Julian and Gregorian calendars.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Style</i> is <i>Old</i> or <i>New</i>. The <i>Old</i>
Style follows the Julian manner of computing the months and days, or
the calendar as established by Julius C&aelig;sar, in which every
fourth year consists of 366 days, and the other years of 365 days.
This is about 11 minutes in a year too much. Pope Georgy XIII.
reformed the calendar by retrenching 10 days in October, 1582, in
order to bring back the vernal equinox to the same day as at the time
of the Council of Nice, <u>a. d.</u> 325. This reformation was adopted
by act of the British Parliament in 1751, by which act 11 days in
September, 1752, were retrenched, and the third day was reckoned the
fourteenth. This mode of reckoning is called <i>New</i> Style,
according to which every year divisible by 4, unless it is divisible
by 100 without being divisible by 400, has 366 days, and any other
year 365 days.</p>

<p><col><b>Style of court</b></col>, <cd>the practice or manner
observed by a court in its proceedings.</cd> <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Diction; phraseology; manner; course; title. See
<u>Diction</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Style</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Styled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Styling</u>.] <def>To entitle; to term, name, or call; to
denominate.</def> "<i>Styled</i> great conquerors."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How well his worth and brave adventures
<i>styled</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To call; name; denominate; designate; term;
characterize.</p>

<p><hw>Sty"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., dim. of
<i>style</i>; cf. It. <i>stiletto</i>. See <u>Stiletto</u>.] <def>A
small poniard; a stiletto.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
instrument for examining wounds and fistulas, and for passing setons,
and the like; a probe, -- called also <i>specillum</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A stiff wire, inserted in catheters or other
tubular instruments to maintain their shape and prevent
clogging.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any small, more or less
rigid, bristlelike organ; as, the caudal <i>stylets</i> of certain
insects; the ventral <i>stylets</i> of certain Infusoria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Style</i> +
<i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing one or more
styles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Style</i> + <i>-
form</i>: cf. F. <i>styliforme</i>.] <def>Having the form of, or
resembling, a style, pin, or pen; styloid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Styl"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having style or
artistic quality; given to, or fond of, the display of style; highly
fashionable; modish; as, a <i>stylish</i> dress, house, manner.</def>
-- <wf>Styl"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Styl"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Styl"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is a master or
a model of style, especially in writing or speaking; a critic of
style.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Distinguished as a <i>stylist</i>, for
ease.</blockquote> <i>Fitzed. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sty*lis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to style in language.</def> [R.] "<i>Stylistic</i>
trifles."  <i>J. A. Symonds.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The great <i>stylistic</i> differences in the works
ascribed to him [Wyclif].</blockquote> <i>G. P. Marsh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sty"lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; a
pillar.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of a sect of anchorites in the
early church, who lived on the tops of pillars for the exercise of
their patience; -- called also <i>pillarist</i> and <i>pillar
saint</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty"lo-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form used in anatomy to
indicate <i>connection with</i>, or <i>relation to</i>, <i>the styloid
process of the temporal bone</i>; as, <i>stylo</i>hyal,
<i>stylo</i>mastoid, <i>stylo</i>maxillary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty"lo*bate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stylobates</i>, <i>stylobata</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; a pillar + &?; one
that treads, fr. &?; to go.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The uninterrupted and
continuous flat band, coping, or pavement upon which the bases of a
row of columns are supported. See <u>Sub-base</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty`lo*glos"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Stylo-</i> +
<i>glossal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to styloid
process and the tongue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty"lo*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stylographic
pen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty`lo*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to stylography; used in
stylography; as, <i>stylographic</i> tablets.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or used in, stylographic
pen; as, <i>stylographic</i> ink.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stylographic pen</b></col>, <cd>a pen with a conical point
like that of a style, combined with a reservoir for supplying it with
ink.</cd> -- <col><b>Stylographic pencil</b></col>, <cd>a pencil used
in stylography.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sty`lo*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Stylographic</u>, 1.</def> -- <wf>Sty`lo*graph"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sty*log"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Style</i> +
<i>-graphy</i>.] <def>A mode of writing or tracing lines by means of a
style on cards or tablets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty`lo*hy"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stylo-</i> +
the Gr. letter &?;.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A segment in the hyoidean
arch between the epihyal and tympanohyal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty`lo*hy"oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the styloid process and the hyoid
bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty"loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Style</i> + <i>-
oid</i>: cf. F. <i>stylo&iuml;de</i>, Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Styliform; as, the <i>styloid</i> process.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
styloid process.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Styloid process</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a long and
slender process from the lower side of the temporal bone of man,
corresponding to the tympanohyal and stylohyal of other
animals.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sty`lo*mas"toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the styloid and mastoid processes of the
temporal bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty`lo*max"il*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the styloid process and the
maxilla.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty*lom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; column +
<i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for measuring columns.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sty*lom"ma*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; a pillar + &?;, &?;, the eye.] <def>Same as
<u>Stylommatophora</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sty*lom`ma*toph"o*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; column + &?; eye + &?; to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A division of Pulmonata in which the eyes are situated at the
tips of the tentacles. It includes the common land snails and slugs.
See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Snail</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty*lom`ma*toph"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
Stylommatophora.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sty`lo*po"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stylopodia</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Style</u>, and
<u>Podium</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An expansion at the base of the
style, as in umbelliferous plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sty"lops</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
pillar + &?;, &?;, the eye.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
minute insects parasitic, in their larval state, on bees and wasps. It
is the typical genus of the group Strepsiptera, formerly considered a
distinct order, but now generally referred to the Coleoptera. See
<u>Strepsiptera</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sty"lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stylus</i>, or
better <i>stilus</i>.] <def>An instrument for writing. See
<u>Style</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Styph"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of styphnic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Styph"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. (spurious)
<grk>sty`fein</grk> to contract.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to,
or designating, a yellow crystalline astringent acid,
(NO<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub>.C<sub>6</sub>H.(OH)<sub>2</sub>, obtained
by the action of nitric acid on resorcin. <i>Styphnic acid</i>
resembles picric acid, but is not bitter. It acts like a strong
dibasic acid, having a series of well defined salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Styp"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stypticus</i>,
Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to contract.] <def>Producing contraction; stopping
bleeding; having the quality of restraining hemorrhage when applied to
the bleeding part; astringent.</def> [Written also
<i>stiptic</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Styptic weed</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American
leguminous herb (<i>Cassia occidentalis</i>) closely related to the
wild senna.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Styp"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
styptic medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Styp"tic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Styptic;
astringent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Styp*tic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>stypticit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being styptic;
astringency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Styr"a*cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Styrax</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white crystalline tasteless substance extracted
from gum storax, and consisting of a salt of cinnamic acid with
cinnamic alcohol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty"rax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>styrax</i>,
<i>storax</i>, Gr. &?;. See <u>Storax</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of shrubs and trees, mostly American or
Asiatic, abounding in resinous and aromatic substances. <i>Styrax
officinalis</i> yields storax, and <i>S. Benzoin</i> yields
benzoin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Storax</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty"rol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Styr</i>ax + L.
<i>ol</i>eum oil.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Styrolene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty"ro*lene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An unsaturated hydrocarbon, C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>8</sub>, obtained
by the distillation of storax, by the decomposition of cinnamic acid,
and by the condensation of acetylene, as a fragrant, aromatic, mobile
liquid; -- called also <i>phenyl ethylene</i>, <i>vinyl benzene</i>,
<i>styrol</i>, <i>styrene</i>, and <i>cinnamene</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty"rone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
white crystalline substance having a sweet taste and a hyacinthlike
odor, obtained by the decomposition of styracin; -- properly called
<i>cinnamic, or styryl, alcohol</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1432 !></p>

<p><hw>Sty"ryl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Styr</i>ax + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hypothetical radical found in certain
derivatives of styrolene and cinnamic acid; -- called also
<i>cinnyl</i>, or <i>cinnamyl</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stythe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i>
<def>Choke damp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Styth"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. & v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Stithy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Styx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>The principal river of the lower world,
which had to be crossed in passing to the regions of the
dead.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>Liability to be sued; the state of being subjected by law to
civil process.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>Capable of being sued; subject by law to be called to answer in
court.</def>  <i>Story.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suade</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>suadere</i>.]
<def>To persuade.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Suad"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suadibilis</i>.] <def>Suasible.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif (James iii.
17).</i></p>

<p><hw>Suage</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To assuage.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Sue</u> to
pursue.] <def>Spread equally over the surface; uniform; even.</def>
[Written also <i>suent</i>.] [Local, U.S. & Prov. Eng.] --
<wf>Su"ant*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Local, U.S. & Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sua"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>suadere</i>,
<i>suasum</i>, to persuade.] <def>Capable of being persuaded; easily
persuaded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sua"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>suasio</i>, fr.
<i>suadere</i>, <i>suasum</i>, to advise, persuade, fr. <i>suadus</i>
persuading, persuasive; akin to <i>suavis</i> sweet: cf. OF.
<i>suasion</i>. See <u>Suave</u>, and cf. <u>Dissuade</u>,
<u>Persuade</u>.] <def>The act of persuading; persuasion; as, moral
<i>suasion</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sua"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having power to
persuade; persuasive; suasory.</def> <i>South.</i> "Genial and
<i>suasive</i> satire." <i>Earle.</i> -- <wf>Sua"sive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sua"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>suasorius</i>:
cf. F. <i>suasoire</i>.] <def>Tending to persuade; suasive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suave</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>suavis</i> sweet,
pleasant: cf. F. <i>suave</i>. See <u>Sweet</u>, and cf.
<u>Suasion</u>.] <def>Sweet; pleasant; delightful; gracious or
agreeable in manner; bland.</def> -- <wf>Suave"ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Suav"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Suavified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Suavifying</u> (?).] [<i>Suave</i> + <i>-fy</i>.] <def>To make
affable or suave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sua*vil"o*quent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suaviloquens</i>; <i>suavis</i> sweet + <i>loquens</i>, p. pr. of
<i>loqui</i> to speak.] <def>Sweetly speaking; using agreeable
speech.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sua*vil"o*quy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suaviloquium</i>.] <def>Sweetness of speech.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Suav"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>suavitas</i>:
cf. F. <i>suavit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sweetness to
the taste.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being sweet or pleasing to
the mind; agreeableness; softness; pleasantness; gentleness; urbanity;
as, <i>suavity</i> of manners; <i>suavity</i> of language,
conversation, or address.</def>  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub-</hw> (?). [L. <i>sub</i> under, below; akin to Gr. &?;,
Skr. <i>upa</i> to, on, under, over.  Cf. <u>Hypo-</u>, <u>Super-
</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A prefix signifying <i>under</i>,
<i>below</i>, <i>beneath</i>, and hence often, <i>in an inferior
position</i> or <i>degree</i>, <i>in an imperfect</i> or <i>partial
state</i>, as in <i>sub</i>scribe, <i>sub</i>struct, <i>sub</i>serve,
<i>sub</i>ject, <i>sub</i>ordinate, <i>sub</i>acid,
<i>sub</i>astringent, <i>sub</i>granular, <i>sub</i>orn. <i>Sub-</i>
in Latin compounds often becomes <i>sum-</i> before <i>m</i>,
<i>sur</i> before <i>r</i>, and regularly becomes <i>suc-</i>, <i>suf-
</i>, <i>sug-</i>, and <i>sup-</i> before <i>c</i>, <i>f</i>,
<i>g</i>, and <i>p</i> respectively. Before <i>c</i>, <i>p</i>, and
<i>t</i> it sometimes takes form <i>sus-</i> (by the dropping of
<i>b</i> from a collateral form, <i>subs-</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A prefix denoting that the
ingredient (of a compound) signified by the term to which it is
prefixed,is present in <i>only a small proportion</i>, or <i>less than
the normal amount</i>; as, <i>sub</i>sulphide, <i>sub</i>oxide, etc.
Prefixed to the name of a salt it is equivalent to <i>basic</i>; as,
<i>sub</i>acetate or <i>basic</i> acetate.</def> [Obsoles.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A subordinate; a
subaltern.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*ac"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>subacidus</i>.
See <u>Sub-</u>, <u>Acid</u>.] <def>Moderately acid or sour; as, some
plants have <i>subacid</i> juices.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A substance moderately acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ac"rid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Moderalely acrid
or harsh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`a*cro"mi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated beneath the acromial process of the scapula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*act"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>subactus</i>,
p. p. of <i>subigere</i> to subdue; <i>sub</i> under + <i>agere</i> to
lead, bring.] <def>To reduce; to subdue.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>subactio</i> a working up, discipline.] <def>The act of reducing to
any state, as of mixing two bodies combletely.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`a*cute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Moderalely
acute.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`a*dun"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Somewhat hooked or curved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ad"vo*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An under or
subordinate advocate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`a*&euml;"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Beneath
the sky; in the open air; specifically <i>(Geol.)</i>, taking place on
the earth's surface, as opposed to <i>subaqueous</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*a"gen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A subordinate
agency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*a"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
person employed by an agent to transact the whole, or a part, of the
business intrusted to the latter.</def>  <i>Bouvier. Chitty.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ag`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subagitatio</i>, fr. <i>subagitare</i> to lie with illicity.]
<def>Unlawful sexual intercourse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Su"bah</hw> (s&oomac;"b&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per. &
Hind. <i>s&umacr;bah</i>.] <def>A province; a government, as of a
viceroy; also, a subahdar.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>Su"bah*dar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per. & Hind.
<i>s&umacr;bah-d&amacr;r</i>, Per. <i>s&umacr;bah</i> a province +
<i>d&amacr;r</i> holding, keeping.] <def>A viceroy; a governor of a
subah; also, a native captain in the British native army.</def>
[India]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Su"bah*dar`y</hw> (?), <hw>Su"bah*ship</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or jurisdiction of a
subahdar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*aid"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To aid
secretly; to assist in a private manner, or indirectly.</def> [R.]
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*al"mon*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An under
almoner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*al"pine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subalpinus</i>.] <i>(Bot. & Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Inhabiting the
somewhat high slopes and summits of mountains, but considerably below
the snow line.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*al"tern</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>subalterne</i>, LL. <i>subalternus</i>, fr. L. <i>sub</i> under +
<i>alter</i> the one, the other of two. See <u>Alter</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Ranked or ranged below; subordinate; inferior;
specifically <i>(Mil.)</i>, ranking as a junior officer; being below
the rank of captain; as, a <i>subaltern</i> officer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>Asserting only a part of
what is asserted in a related proposition.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Subaltern genus</b></col>. <i>(Logic)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Genus</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sub*al"tern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A person holding a subordinate position; specifically, a
commissioned military officer below the rank of captain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>A subaltern
proposition.</def>  <i>Whately.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`al*ter"nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Logic)</i>
<def>A universal proposition. See <u>Subaltern</u>, 2.</def>
<i>Whately.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`al*ter"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Succeeding by turns; successive.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Subordinate; subaltern; inferior.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All their <i>subalternate</i> and several
kinds.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`al*ter"nate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Logic)</i>
<def>A particular proposition, as opposed to a universal one. See
<u>Subaltern</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*al"ter*na`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Subalternate; successive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*al"ter*na`tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being subalternate; succession of turns;
subordination.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*an"gu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slightly
angular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ap"en*nine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Under, or at
the foot of, the Apennine mountains; -- applied, in geology, to a
series of Tertiary strata of the older Pliocene period.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ap"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being under
the apex; of or pertaining to the part just below the apex.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`a*qua"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subaquaneus</i>; <i>sub + aqua</i> water.] <def>Subaqueous.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub`a*quat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sub*a"que*ous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being under water, or
beneath the surface of water; adapted for use under water; submarine;
as, a <i>subaqueous</i> helmet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Formed in or under water;
as, <i>subaqueous</i> deposits.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub`a*rach"noid</hw> (?), <hw>Sub*ar`ach*noid"al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated under the arachnoid
membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*arc"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Approximately
arctic; belonging to a region just without the arctic
circle.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub*ar"cu*ate</hw> (?), <hw>Sub*ar"cu*a`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a figure resembling that of a bow;
somewhat curved or arched.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`ar*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub-
</i> + L. <i>arra</i>, <i>arrha</i>, earnest money. See <u>Earnest</u>
a pledge.] <def>The ancient custom of betrothing by the bestowal, on
the part of the man, of marriage gifts or tokens, as money, rings, or
other presents, upon the woman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`a*ryt"e*noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under the arytenoid cartilage of the larynx.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*as"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Beneath the
stars or heavens; terrestrial.</def>  <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`as*trin"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
astringent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*at"om</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
hypothetical component of a chemical atom, on the theory that the
elements themselves are complex substances; -- called also
<i>atomicule</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Sub*aud"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subaudire</i>, <i>subauditum</i>; <i>sub</i> under + <i>audire</i>
to hear.] <def>To understand or supply in an ellipsis.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub`au*di"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subauditio</i>.] <def>The act of understanding, or supplying,
something not expressed; also, that which is so understood or
supplied.</def>  <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ax"il*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated under the axilla, or
armpit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Placed under the axil, or
angle formed by the branch of a plant with the stem, or a leaf with
the branch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ba"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Near the base.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"-base`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>The lowest member of a base when divided horizontally, or of a
baseboard, pedestal, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"-bass`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The
deepest pedal stop, or the lowest tones of an organ; the fundamental
or ground bass.</def> [Written also <i>sub-base</i>.]
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*bea"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An under
beadle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*brach"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the subbrachians.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sub*brach`i*a"les</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Sub-</u>, and <u>Brachial</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division
of soft-finned fishes in which the ventral fins are situated beneath
the pectorial fins, or nearly so.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*brach"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub-
</i> + <i>brachium</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
Subbrachiales.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"breed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A race or strain differing in certain characters from the parent
breed; an incipient breed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*bron"chi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the bronchi; as, the
<i>subbronchial</i> air sacs of birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*cal"i*ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Smaller than
the caliber of a firearm.</def> [Written also <i>subcalibre</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Subcaliber projectile</b></col>, <cd>a projectile having a
smaller diameter than the caliber of the arm from which it is fired,
and to which it is fitted by means of a sabot.</cd> <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*car`bon*if"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the lowest division of the
Carboniferous formations underlying the proper coal measures. It was a
marine formation characterized in general by beds of limestone.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Subcarboniferous period or
formation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*car"bu*ret`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>United with, or containing, carbon in less than the normal
proportion.</def> [Written also <i>subcarburetted</i>.] [Obsoles.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*car`ti*lag"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Situated under or beneath a
cartilage or cartilages.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Partially
cartilaginous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*cau"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the tail; as, the
<i>subcaudal</i>, or chevron, bones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`ce*les"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being
beneath the heavens; as, <i>subcelestial</i> glories.</def>
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*cen"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Under the center.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Nearly central; not quite
central.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*chant"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>An underchanter; a precentor's deputy in a cathedral; a
succentor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*cir"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nearly
circular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"class`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
natural groups, more important than an order, into which some classes
are divided; as, the angiospermous <i>subclass</i> of
exogens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*cla"vi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub-</i>
+ L. <i>clavis</i> a key. See <u>Clavicle</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under the clavicle, or collar bone; as, the
<i>subclavian</i> arteries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`co*lum"nar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>Having an imperfect or interrupted columnar structure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`com*mit"tee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An under
committee; a part or division of a committee.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet by their sequestrators and <i>subcommittees</i>
abroad . . . those orders were commonly disobeyed.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`com*pressed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not fully
compressed; partially or somewhat compressed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*con"cave</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slightly
concave.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`con*form"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Partially conformable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*con"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slightly
conical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*con`junc*ti"val</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated under the conjunctiva.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*con"scious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Occurring without the possibility or the fact
of an attendant consciousness; -- said of states of the
soul.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Partially conscious; feebly
conscious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*con`stel*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A subordinate constellation.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*con"tract</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A contract
under, or subordinate to, a previous contract.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`con*tract"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Contracted after a former contract.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Betrothed for the second time.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`con*tract"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
takes a portion of a contract, as for work, from the principal
contractor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*con"tra*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Contrary in an inferior degree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Having, or being in, a
contrary order; -- said of a section of an oblique cone having a
circular base made by a plane not parallel to the base, but so
inclined to the axis that the section is a circle; applied also to two
similar triangles when so placed as to have a common angle at the
vertex, the opposite sides not being parallel.</def>  <i>Brande &
C.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>Denoting the relation of
opposition between the <i>particular affirmative</i> and <i>particular
negative</i>. Of these both may be true and only one can be
false.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*con"tra*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Subcontraries</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Logic)</i> <def>A
subcontrary proposition; a proposition inferior or contrary in a lower
degree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*cor"a*coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under the coracoid process of the scapula; as, the
<i>subcoracoid</i> dislocation of the humerus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*cor"date</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
cordate; somewhat like a heart in shape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*cor"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Situated under a horny part or layer.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Partially horny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*cos"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat. &
Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Situated below the costas, or ribs; as, the
<i>subcostal</i> muscles.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>subcostal</i> muscles are distinct from, and within,
the <i>intercostal</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Sub*cos"tal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A subcostal muscle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the principal
nervures of the wings of an insect. It is situated next beneath or
behind the costal. See <u>Nervure</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*cra"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the cranium;
facial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`crus*ta"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Occurring
beneath a crust or scab; as, a <i>subcrustaceous</i>
cicatrization.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*crys"tal*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Imperfectly crystallized.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub*cul"trate</hw> (?), <hw>Sub*cul"tra*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a form resembling
that of a colter, or straight on one side and curved on the
other.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`cu*ta"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Situated
under the skin; hypodermic.</def> -- <wf>Sub`cu*ta"ne*ous*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Subcutaneous operation</b></col> <i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>an
operation performed without opening that part of the skin opposite to,
or over, the internal section.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Sub`cu*tic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under the cuticle, or scarfskin.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub`cy*lin"dric*al</hw> (?), <hw>Sub`cy*lin"dric</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Imperfectly cylindrical; approximately
cylindrical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*dea"con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub-</i> +
<i>deacon</i>: cf. L. <i>subdiaconus</i>.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>One
belonging to an order in the Roman Catholic Church, next interior to
the order of deacons; also, a member of a minor order in the Greek
Church.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub*dea"con*ry</hw> (?), <hw>Sub*dea"con*ship</hw>, }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The order or office of
subdeacon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"dean`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub-</i> +
<i>dean</i>: cf. F. <i>sousdoyen</i>.] <def>An under dean; the deputy
or substitute of a dean.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*dean"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Office or
rank of subdean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*dec"a*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a subdean or subdeanery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*dec"u*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing
one part of ten.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*del"e*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
subordinate delegate, or one with inferior powers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*del"e*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
appoint to act as subdelegate, or as a subordinate; to
depete.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*dent"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Indented
beneath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`de*part"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
subordinate department; a bureau. See the Note under
<u>Bureau</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1433 !></p>

<p><hw>Sub`de*pos"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is
deposited beneath something else.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`der*i*so"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>sub-</i> + L. <i>derisorius</i>. See <u>Derisory</u>.]
<def>Ridiculing with moderation.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`de*riv"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A word
derived from a derivative, and not directly from the root; as,
"friendliness" is a <i>subderivative</i>, being derived from
"friendly", which is in turn a derivative from "friend."</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`di*ac"o*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a subdeacon, or to the office or rank of a
subdeacon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`di*ac"o*nate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or
rank of a subdeacon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*di"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>subdialis</i>
in the open air.] <def>Of or pertaining to the open air; being under
the open sky.</def> [R.]  <i>N. Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*di"a*lect</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A subordinate
dialect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`di*chot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
subordinate, or inferior, division into parts; a subdivision.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Many <i>subdichatomies</i> of petty
schisms.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`di*lat"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Partially
dilated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`di*ti"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subdititius</i>, <i>subditicius</i>, fr. <i>subdere</i> to
substitute.] <def>Put secretly in the place of something else; foisted
in.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub`di*ver"si*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
diversify aggain what is already diversified.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`di*vide"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Subdivided</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Subdividing</u>.] [L. <i>subdividere</i>, <i>sub</i>
under + <i>dividere</i> to divide. See <u>Divide</u>.] <def>To divide
the parts of (anything) into more parts; to part into smaller
divisions; to divide again, as what has already been
divided.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The progenies of Cham and Japhet swarmed into colonies,
and those colonies were <i>subdivided</i> into many
others.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`di*vide"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be, or to
become, subdivided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`di*vine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Partaking of
divinity; divine in a partial or lower degree.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`di*vis"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Susceptible of subdivision.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`di*vi"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subdivisio</i>: cf. F. <i>subdivision</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of subdividing, or separating a part into smaller
parts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A part of a thing made by
subdividing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the decimal table, the <i>subdivision</i> of the
cubit, as span, palm, and digit, are deduced from the shorter
cubit.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"do*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>subdolus</i>,
<i>sub + dolus</i> deceit.] <def>Sly; crafty; cunning; artful.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*dom"i*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>The fourth tone above, or fifth below, the tonic; -- so called as
being under the dominant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*du"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Able to be
subdued.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*du"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
subduing.</def>  <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub*duce"</hw> (?), <hw>Sub*duct"</hw> (?), } <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [L. <i>subducere</i>, <i>subductum</i>; <i>sub</i> under
+ <i>ducere</i> to lead, to draw. See <u>Duke</u>, and cf.
<u>Subdue</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To withdraw; to take
away.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To subtract by arithmetical operation; to
deduct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If, out of that infinite multitude of antecedent
generations, we should <i>subduce</i> ten.</blockquote> <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*duc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subductio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of subducting or
taking away.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Arithmetical subtraction.</def>  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*due"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Subdued</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Subduing</u>.] [OE. <i>soduen</i>, OF. <i>sosduire</i> to seduce,
L. <i>subtus</i> below (fr. <i>sub</i> under) + <i>ducere</i> to lead.
See <u>Duke</u>, and cf. <u>Subduct</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
bring under; to conquer by force or the exertion of superior power,
and bring into permanent subjection; to reduce under dominion; to
vanquish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>subdue</i> all thine enemies.</blockquote>
<i>1 Chron. xvii. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To overpower so as to disable from further
resistance; to crush.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing could have <i>subdued</i> nature<BR>
To such a lowness, but his unkind daughters.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If aught . . . were worthy to <i>subdue</i><BR>
The soul of man.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To destroy the force of; to overcome; as,
medicines <i>subdue</i> a fever.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To render submissive; to bring under
command; to reduce to mildness or obedience; to tame; as, to
<i>subdue</i> a stubborn child; to <i>subdue</i> the temper or
passions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To overcome, as by persuasion or other mild
means; as, to <i>subdue</i> opposition by argument or
entreaties.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To reduce to tenderness; to melt; to
soften; as, to <i>subdue</i> ferocity by tears.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To make mellow; to break, as land; also, to
destroy, as weeds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To reduce the intensity or degree of; to
tone down; to soften; as, to <i>subdue</i> the brilliancy of
colors.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To conquer; overpower; overcome; surmount; vanquish.
See <u>Conquer</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sub*dued"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Conquered; overpowered; crushed; submissive; mild.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not glaring in color; soft in
tone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*due"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Subdual.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*du"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, subdues; a conqueror.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*dul"cid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub</i> +
L. <i>dulcis</i> sweet.] <def>Somewhat sweet; sweetish.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub"du*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>Indicating one part of two; in the ratio of one to two.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Subduple ratio</b></col>, <cd>the ratio of 1 to 2: thus,
3:6 is a <i>subduple ratio</i>, as 6:3 is a <i>duple
ratio</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sub*du"pli*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>Expressed by the square root; -- said of ratios.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Subduplicate ratio</b></col>, <cd>the ratio of the square
roots, or the square root of a ratio; thus, the <i>subduplicate
ratio</i> of <i>a</i> to <i>b</i> is &radic;<i>a</i> to
&radic;<i>b</i>, or &radic;<fract><i>a</i>/<i>b</i></fract>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sub*du"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under the dura mater, or between the dura mater and the
arachnoid membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ed"i*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An assistant
editor, as of a periodical or journal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`e*lon"gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not fully
elongated; somewhat elongated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*en`do*car"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated under the endocardium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*en"dy*mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub +
endyma</i>.] <def>Situated under the endyma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ep`i*der"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Situated
immediately below the epidermis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ep`i*glot"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under the epiglottis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ep`i*the"li*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated under the epithelium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*e"qual</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nearly
equal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"ber*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sub&eacute;rate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of suberic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su*be"re*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>subereus</i>
of the cork tree.] <def>Of or pertaining to cork; of the nature of
cork; suberose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su*ber"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>suber</i> the
cork tree: cf. F. <i>sub&eacute;reque</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to cork; specifically, designating an acid,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub>.(CO<sub>2</sub>H)<sub>2</sub>, homologous
with oxalic acid, and obtained from cork and certain fatty oils, as a
white crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"ber*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>suber</i> the
cork tree: cf. F. <i>sub&eacute;rine</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
material found in the cell walls of cork. It is a modification of
lignin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"ber*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>suber</i> the
cork tree.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any sponge of the genus
<i>Suberites</i> and allied genera. These sponges have a fine and
compact texture, and contain minute siliceous spicules.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"ber*one</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The hypothetical ketone of suberic
acid.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A colorless liquid, analogous
suberone proper, having a pleasant peppermint odor. It is obtained by
the distillation of calcium suberate.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Su"ber*ose`</hw> (?), <hw>Su"ber*ous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>suber</i> the cork tree: cf. F.
<i>sub&eacute;reux</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a corky
texture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*e`so*phag"e*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Situated beneath the esophagus.</def>
[Written also <i>sub&oelig;sophageal</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Subesophageal ganglion</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
large special ganglion situated beneath the esophagus of arthropods,
annelids, and some other invertebrates.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sub*fam"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>One of the subdivisions, of more importance than genus, into
which certain families are divided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*fi"brous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
fibrous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*fus"cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subfuscus</i>, <i>suffuscus</i>. See <u>Sub-</u>, and
<u>Fuscous</u>.] <def>Duskish; moderately dark; brownish;
tawny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*fusk"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Subfuscous.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`ge*lat"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Imperfectly or partially gelatinous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`ge*ner"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a subgenus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ge"nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Subgenera</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A subdivision
of a genus, comprising one or more species which differ from other
species of the genus in some important character or characters; as,
the azaleas now constitute a <i>subgenus</i> of
Rhododendron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*gla"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining or
belonging to the under side of a glacier; being beneath a glacier; as,
<i>subglacial</i> streams.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`glo*bose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not quite
globose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*glob"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nearly
globular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*glos"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under the tongue; sublingual.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*glot"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated below the glottis; -- applied to that part of the cavity
of the larynx below the true vocal cords.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`glu*ma"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
glumaceous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*gov"ern*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
subordinate or assistant governor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*gran"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
granular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"group`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A
subdivision of a group, as of animals.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`has*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subhastatio</i>.] <def>A public sale or auction.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`he*pat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the liver; -- applied
to the interlobular branches of the portal vein.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`horn*blend"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Containing hornblende in a scattered state; of or relating to
rocks containing disseminated hornblende.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*hu"mer*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Sub-
</u>, <u>Humerus</u>.] <def>To place the shoulders under; to
bear.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing surer ties a friend than freely to
<i>subhumerate</i> the burden which was his.</blockquote>
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*hy"a*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under the hyaliod membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`hy*oid"e*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat. &
Med.)</i> <def>Situated or performed beneath the hyoid bone; as,
<i>subhyoidean</i> laryngotomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sub`i*ma"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Sub-
</u>, and <u>Imago</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A stage in the
development of certain insects, such as the May flies, intermediate
between the pupa and imago. In this stage, the insect is able to fly,
but subsequently sheds a skin before becoming mature. Called also
<i>pseudimago</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*in`cu*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>sub</i> + L. <i>incusatio</i> accusation, fr. <i>incusare</i> to
accuse.] <def>A slight charge or accusation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*in"dex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Subindices</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A number or
mark placed opposite the lower part of a letter or symbol to
distinguish the symbol; thus, <i>a</i><subs>0</subs>,
<i>b</i><subs>1</subs>, <i>c</i><subs>2</subs>,
<i>x</i><subs>n</subs>, have 0, 1, 2, and <i>n</i> as
<i>subindices</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*in"di*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub
+ indicate</i>: cf. L. <i>subindicare</i>.] <def>To indicate by signs
or hints; to indicate imperfectly.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*in`di*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of indicating by signs; a slight indication.</def> [R.] "The
<i>subindication</i> and shadowing of heavenly things."
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*in`di*vid"u*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
division of that which is individual.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An individual can not branch itself into
<i>subindividuals</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`in*duce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
insinuate; to offer indirectly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir E.
Dering.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`in*fer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos> <def>To
infer from an inference already made.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*in`feu*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The granting of lands by inferior lords to
their dependents, to be held by themselves by feudal tenure.</def>
<i>Craig.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Subordinate tenancy;
undertenancy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The widow is immediate tenant to the heir, by a kind of
<i>subinfeudation</i>, or undertenancy.</blockquote>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`in*gres"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Secret
entrance.</def> [R.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`in*tes"ti*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the
intestine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*in`vo*lu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Partial
or incomplete involution; as, <i>subinvolution</i> of the
uterus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`i*ta"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subitaneus</i>. See <u>Sudden</u>.] <def>Sudden; hasty.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Bullokar.</i> -- <wf>Sub`i*ta"ne*ous*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub"i*ta*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Subitaneous;
sudden; hasty.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hales.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Su"bi*to</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [It. & L.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>In haste; quickly; rapidly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ja"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subjacens</i>, p. pr. of <i>subjacere</i> to lie under; <i>sub</i>
under + <i>jacere</i> to lie.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lying under or
below.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Being in a lower situation, though not
directly beneath; as, hills and <i>subjacent</i> valleys.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ject"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>suget</i>, OF.
<i>souzget</i>, <i>sougit</i> (in which the first part is L.
<i>subtus</i> below, fr. <i>sub</i> under), <i>subgiet</i>,
<i>subject</i>, F. <i>sujet</i>, from L. <i>subjectus</i> lying under,
subjected, p. p. of <i>subjicere</i>, <i>subicere</i>, to throw, lay,
place, or bring under; <i>sub</i> under + <i>jacere</i> to throw. See
<u>Jet</u> a shooting forth.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Placed or
situated under; lying below, or in a lower situation.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Placed under the power of another;
specifically <i>(International Law)</i>, owing allegiance to a
particular sovereign or state; as, Jamaica is <i>subject</i> to Great
Britain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Esau was never <i>subject</i> to Jacob.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Exposed; liable; prone; disposed; as, a
country <i>subject</i> to extreme heat; men <i>subject</i> to
temptation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All human things are <i>subject</i> to
decay.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Obedient; submissive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Put them in mind to be <i>subject</i> to
principalities.</blockquote> <i>Titus iii. 1.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Liable; subordinate; inferior; obnoxious; exposed.
See <u>Liable</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sub*ject"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L. <i>subjectus</i>,
through an old form of F. <i>sujet</i>. See <u>Subject</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is placed
under the authority, dominion, control, or influence of something
else.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: One who is under the
authority of a ruler and is governed by his laws; one who owes
allegiance to a sovereign or a sovereign state; as, a <i>subject</i>
of Queen Victoria; a British <i>subject</i>; a <i>subject</i> of the
United States.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Was never <i>subject</i> longed to be a king,<BR>
As I do long and wish to be a <i>subject</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>subject</i> must obey his prince, because God
commands it, human laws require it.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In international law, the term <i>subject</i> is convertible
with <i>citizen</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is subjected, or submitted to,
any physical operation or process; specifically <i>(Anat.)</i>, a dead
body used for the purpose of dissection.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which is brought under thought or
examination; that which is taken up for discussion, or concerning
which anything is said or done.</def> "This <i>subject</i> for heroic
song."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Make choice of a <i>subject</i>, beautiful and noble,
which . . . shall afford an ample field of matter wherein to
expatiate.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The unhappy <i>subject</i> of these
quarrels.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The person who is treated of; the hero of a
piece; the chief character.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Writers of particular lives . . . are apt to be
prejudiced in favor of their <i>subject</i>.</blockquote> <i>C.
Middleton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Logic & Gram.)</i> <def>That of which
anything is affirmed or predicated; the theme of a proposition or
discourse; that which is spoken of; as, the nominative case is the
<i>subject</i> of the verb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>subject</i> of a proposition is that concerning
which anything is affirmed or denied.</blockquote> <i>I.
Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>That in which any quality, attribute, or
relation, whether spiritual or material, inheres, or to which any of
these appertain; substance; substratum.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That which manifests its qualities -- in other words,
that in which the appearing causes inhere, that to which they belong -
- is called their <i>subject</i> or substance, or
substratum.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Hence, that substance or being which is
conscious of its own operations; the mind; the thinking agent or
principal; the ego.  Cf. <u>Object</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
2.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The philosophers of mind have, in a manner, usurped and
appropriated this expression to themselves. Accordingly, in their
hands, the phrases <i>conscious</i> or <i>thinking subject</i>, and
<i>subject</i>, mean precisely the same thing.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The principal theme, or
leading thought or phrase, on which a composition or a movement is
based.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The earliest known form of <i>subject</i> is the
ecclesiastical <i>cantus firmus</i>, or plain song.</blockquote>
<i>Rockstro.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>The incident, scene,
figure, group, etc., which it is the aim of the artist to
represent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ject"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Subjected</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Subjecting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring under control,
power, or dominion; to make subject; to subordinate; to
subdue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Firmness of mind that <i>subjects</i> every
gratification of sense to the rule of right reason.</blockquote> <i>C.
Middleton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In one short view <i>subjected</i> to our eye,<BR>
Gods, emperors, heroes, sages, beauties, lie.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He is the most <i>subjected</i>, the most &?;nslaved,
who is so in his understanding.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To expose; to make obnoxious or liable; as,
credulity <i>subjects</i> a person to impositions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To submit; to make accountable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God is not bound to <i>subject</i> his ways of
operation to the scrutiny of our thoughts.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make subservient.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Subjected</i> to his service angel
wings.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To cause to undergo; as, to <i>subject</i>
a substance to a white heat; to <i>subject</i> a person to a rigid
test.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1434 !></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ject"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Subjacent.</def> "Led them direct . . . to the <i>subjected</i>
plain." [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Reduced to subjection; brought under the
dominion of another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Exposed; liable; subject;
obnoxious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*jec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subjectio</i>: cf. OF. <i>subjection</i>, F.
<i>subj&eacute;tion</i>. See <u>Subject</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of subjecting, or of bringing under
the dominion of another; the act of subduing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The conquest of the kingdom, and <i>subjection</i> of
the rebels.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being subject, or under the
power, control, and government of another; a state of obedience or
submissiveness; as, the safety of life, liberty, and property depends
on our <i>subjection</i> to the laws.</def> "To be bound under
<i>subjection</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Likewise, ye wives, be in <i>subjection</i> to your own
husbands.</blockquote> <i>1 Peter iii. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Because the <i>subjection</i> of the body to the will
is by natural necessity, the <i>subjection</i> of the will unto God
voluntary, we stand in need of direction after what sort our wills and
desires may be rightly conformed to His.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"ject*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Metaph.)</i>
<def>One skilled in subjective philosophy; a subjectivist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*jec"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subjectivus</i>: cf. F. <i>subjectif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to a subject.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, pertaining to, or derived from,
one's own consciousness, in distinction from external observation;
ralating to the mind, or intellectual world, in distinction from the
outward or material excessively occupied with, or brooding over, one's
own internal states.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the philosophy of the mind, <i>subjective</i> denotes
what is to be referred to the thinking subject, the <i>ego</i>;
<i>objective</i>, what belongs to the object of thought, the <i>non-
ego</i>. See <u>Objective</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 2.  <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Lit. & Art)</i> <def>Modified by, or making
prominent, the individuality of a writer or an artist; as, a
<i>subjective</i> drama or painting; a <i>subjective</i>
writer.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Objective</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Subjective sensation</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>one
of the sensations occurring when stimuli due to internal causes excite
the nervous apparatus of the sense organs, as when a person imagines
he sees figures which have no objective reality.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sub*jec"tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sub*jec"tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sub*jec"tiv*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Metaph.)</i>
<def>Any philosophical doctrine which refers all knowledge to, and
founds it upon, any subjective states; egoism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*jec"tiv*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Metaph.)</i>
<def>One who holds to subjectivism; an egoist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`jec*tiv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being subjective; character of the
subject.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"ject*less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
subject.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"ject-mat`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The matter
or thought presented for consideration in some statement or
discussion; that which is made the object of thought or
study.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As to the <i>subject-matter</i>, words are always to be
understood as having a regard thereto.</blockquote>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As science makes progress in any <i>subject-matter</i>,
poetry recedes from it.</blockquote> <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"ject*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of being
subject.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*jic"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being subjected.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*join"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Subjoined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Subjoining</u>.] [Cf. OF. <i>subjoindre</i>, L. <i>subjungere</i>.
See <u>Sub-</u>, and <u>Join</u>, and cf. <u>Subjective</u>.] <def>To
add after something else has been said or written; to ANNEX; as, to
<i>subjoin</i> an argument or reason.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To add; annex; join; unite.</p>

<p><hw>Sub*join"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An additional
remark.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sub ju"di*ce</hw> (?). [L.] <def>Before the judge, or court;
not yet decided; under judicial consideration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"ju*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Subjugated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Subjugating</u>.] [L. <i>subjugatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>subjugare</i> to subjugate; <i>sub</i> under + <i>jugum</i> a yoke.
See <u>Yoke</u>.] <def>To subdue, and bring under the yoke of power or
dominion; to conquer by force, and compel to submit to the government
or absolute control of another; to vanquish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>subjugated</i> a king, and called him his
"vassal."</blockquote> <i>Baker.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To conquer; subdue; overcome. See
<u>Conquer</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sub`ju*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>subjugation</i>, LL. <i>subjugatio</i>.] <def>The act of
subjugating, or the state of being subjugated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"ju*ga`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
subjugates; a conqueror.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*junc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Subjunctive</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act of subjoining, or
state of being subjoined.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something subjoined; as, a
<i>subjunction</i> to a sentence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*junc"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subjunctivus</i>, fr. <i>subjungere</i>, <i>subjunctum</i>, to
subjoin: cf. F. <i>subjonctif</i>. See <u>Subjoin</u>.] <def>Subjoined
or added to something before said or written.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Subjunctive mood</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>that form of
a verb which express the action or state not as a fact, but only as a
conception of the mind still contingent and dependent. It is commonly
subjoined, or added as subordinate, to some other verb, and in English
is often connected with it by <i>if</i>, <i>that</i>, <i>though</i>,
<i>lest</i>, <i>unless</i>, <i>except</i>, <i>until</i>, etc., as in
the following sentence: "<i>If there were</i> no honey, they [bees]
<i>would have</i> no object in visiting the flower." <i>Lubbock.</i>
In some languages, as in Latin and Greek, the subjunctive is often
independent of any other verb, being used in wishes, commands,
exhortations, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sub*junc"tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i>
<def>The subjunctive mood; also, a verb in the subjunctive
mood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*king"dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
several primary divisions of either the animal, or vegetable kingdom,
as, in zo&ouml;logy, the Vertebrata, Tunicata, Mollusca, Articulata,
Molluscoidea, Echinodermata, C&oelig;lentera, and the Protozoa; in
botany, the Phanerogamia, and the Cryptogamia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`lap*sa"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. & a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>sub + lapse</i>: cf. F. <i>sublapsarien</i>, <i>sublapsarie</i>.]
<i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Infralapsarian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`lap*sa"ri*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Infralapsarianism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*lap"sa*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sublapsarian.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From
<i>sublatus</i>, used as p. p. of <i>tollere</i> to take away. See
<u>Tolerate</u>.] <def>To take or carry away; to remove.</def> [R.]
<i>E. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sublatio</i>,
fr. <i>sublatus</i>, used as p. p. of <i>tollere</i> to take away.]
<def>The act of taking or carrying away; removal.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"la*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having power,
or tending, to take away.</def> [R.]  <i>Harris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"lease`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
lease by a tenant or lessee to another person; an underlease.</def>
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`les*see"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A holder of a
sublease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*let"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sublet</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Subletting</u>.] <def>To underlet; to lease, as when a lessee
leases to another person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`le*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sublevare</i> to lift up; <i>sub</i> under + <i>levare</i> to lift,
raise: cf. L. <i>sublevatio</i> an allevation.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of raising on high; elevation.</def>  <i>Sir T.
More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An uprising; an insurrection.</def> [R.]
<i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`li*bra"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An under
or assistant librarian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`lieu*ten"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub +
lieutenant</i>: cf. F. <i>sous-lieutenant</i>.] <def>An inferior or
second lieutenant; in the British service, a commissioned officer of
the lowest rank.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`li*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subligatio</i>, from <i>subligare</i> to bind below; <i>sub</i>
under + <i>ligare</i> to bind.] <def>The act of binding
underneath.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*lim"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sublimable</i>. See <u>Sublime</u>., <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>Capable of being sublimed or sublimated.</def> --
<wf>Sub*lim"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"li*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sublimated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sublimating</u>.] [L. <i>sublimatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>sublimare</i> to raise, elevate, fr. <i>sublimis</i> high: cf. F.
<i>sublimer</i>. See <u>Sublime</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Surlime</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
bring by heat into the state of vapor, which, on cooling, returns
again to the solid state; as, to <i>sublimate</i> sulphur or
camphor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To refine and exalt; to heighten; to
elevate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The precepts of Christianity are . . . so apt to
cleanse and <i>sublimate</i> the more gross and corrupt.</blockquote>
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"li*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>sublimatum</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A product obtained by
sublimation; hence, also, a purified product so obtained.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Corrosive sublimate</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Corrosive</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sub"li*mate</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>sublimatus</i>.]
<def>Brought into a state of vapor by heat, and again condensed as a
solid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"li*ma`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Refined by,
or as by, sublimation; exalted; purified.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Words] whose weight best suits a <i>sublimated</i>
strain.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"li*ma`tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>sublimatio</i>: cf. F. <i>sublimation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The act or process of subliming, or the state or
result of being sublimed.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of heightening or improving;
exaltation; elevation; purification.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is sublimed; the product of a
purifying process.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Religion is the perfection, refinement, and
<i>sublimation</i> of morality.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"li*ma*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Used for
sublimation; as, <i>sublimatory</i> vessels.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"li*ma*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vessel used
for sublimation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Vials, crosslets, and
<i>sublimatories</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*lime"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sublimer</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sublimest</u>.] [L. <i>sublimis</i>;
<i>sub</i> under + (perhaps) a word akin to <i>limen</i> lintel, sill,
thus meaning, up to the lintel: cf. F. <i>sublime</i>.  Cf.
<u>Eliminate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lifted up; high in place;
exalted aloft; uplifted; lofty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sublime</i> on these a tower of steel is
reared.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Distinguished by lofty or noble traits;
eminent; -- said of persons.</def> "The <i>sublime</i> Julian leader."
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Awakening or expressing the emotion of awe,
adoration, veneration, heroic resolve, etc.; dignified; grand; solemn;
stately; -- said of an impressive object in nature, of an action, of a
discourse, of a work of art, of a spectacle, etc.; as, <i>sublime</i>
scenery; a <i>sublime</i> deed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Easy in words thy style, in sense
<i>sublime</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Know how <i>sublime</i> a thing it is<BR>
To suffer and be strong.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Elevated by joy; elate.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Their hearts were jocund and <i>sublime</i>,<BR>
Drunk with idolatry, drunk with wine.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Lofty of mien; haughty; proud.</def>
[Poetic] "Countenance <i>sublime</i> and insolent."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His fair, large front and eye <i>sublime</i>
declared<BR>
Absolute rule.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Exalted; lofty; noble; majestic. See
<u>Grand</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sub*lime"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is
sublime; -- with the definite article</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A grand or lofty style in speaking or writing; a style that
expresses lofty conceptions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sublime</i> rises from the nobleness of
thoughts, the magnificence of words, or the harmonious and lively turn
of the phrase.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>That which is grand in nature or art, as
distinguished from the merely beautiful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*lime"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sublimed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Subliming</u>.] [Cf. L. <i>sublimare</i>, F. <i>sublimer</i> to
subject to sublimation. See <u>Sublime</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and
cf. <u>Sublimate</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To raise on high.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>A soul <i>sublimed</i> by an idea above the region of
vanity and conceit.</blockquote> <i>E. P. Whipple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To subject to the process of
sublimation; to heat, volatilize, and condense in crystals or powder;
to distill off, and condense in solid form; hence, also, to
purify.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To exalt; to heighten; to improve; to
purify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sun . . . <BR>
Which not alone the southern wit <i>sublimes</i>,<BR>
But ripens spirits in cold, northern climes.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To dignify; to ennoble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An ordinary gift can not <i>sublime</i> a person to a
supernatural employment.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*lime"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>To pass off in vapor, with immediate condensation; specifically,
to evaporate or volatilize from the solid state without apparent
melting; -- said of those substances, like arsenic, benzoic acid,
etc., which do not exhibit a liquid form on heating, except under
increased pressure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*limed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Having been subjected to the process of sublimation; hence, also,
purified.</def> "<i>Sublimed</i> mercurie."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*lime"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sublime
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*lime"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sublime; sublimity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*lim`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sublimis</i> sublime + <i>-ficare</i> to make. See <u>-ry</u>.]
<def>The act of making sublime, or state of being made
sublime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*lim"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sublimities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>sublimitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>sublimit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state
of being sublime (in any sense of the adjective).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is sublime; as, the
<i>sublimities</i> of nature.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Grandeur; magnificence.  -- <u>Sublimity</u>,
<u>Grandeur</u>. The mental state indicated by these two words is the
same, namely, a mingled emotion of astonishment and awe. In speaking
of the quality which produces this emotion, we call it <i>grandeur</i>
when it springs from what is vast in space, power, etc.; we call it
<i>sublimity</i> when it springs from what is elevated far above the
ordinary incidents of humanity. An immense plain is <i>grand</i>. The
heavens are not only <i>grand</i>, but <i>sublime</i> (as the
predominating emotion), from their immense height. Exalted intellect,
and especially exalted virtue under severe trials, give us the sense
of moral <i>sublimity</i>, as in the case of our Savior in his prayer
for his murderers. We do not speak of Satan, when standing by the
fiery gulf, with his "unconquerable will and study of revenge," as a
<i>sublime</i> object; but there is a melancholy <i>grandeur</i>
thrown around him, as of an "archangel ruined."</p>

<p><hw>Sub*lin`e*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mark of
a line or lines under a word in a sentence, or under another line;
underlining.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sub*lin"gua</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sublingu&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A
process or fold below the tongue in some animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*lin"gual</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub +
lingual</i>: cf. F. <i>sublingual</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Situated under the tongue; as, the
<i>sublingual</i> gland.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or
pertaining to the sublingual gland; as, <i>sublingual</i>
salvia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*li"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sublinere</i>, <i>sublitum</i>, to smear, to lay on as a ground
color.] <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>The act or process of laying the ground
in a painting.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*lit"to*ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Under the
shore.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*lob"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under, or at the bases of, the lobules of the
liver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*lum"bar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the lumbar region of
the vertebral column.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub*lu"nar</hw> (?), <hw>Sub"lu*na*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub + lunar</i>, or <i>lunary</i>: cf.
F. <i>sublunaire</i>.] <def>Situated beneath the moon; hence, of or
pertaining to this world; terrestrial; earthly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All things <i>sublunary</i> are subject to
change.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All <i>sublunary</i> comforts imitate the
changeableness, as well as feel the influence, of the planet they are
under.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"lu*na*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any worldly
thing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub`lux*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub +
luxation</i>: cf. F. <i>subluxation</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An
incomplete or partial dislocation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*mam"ma*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Situated
under the mamm&aelig;; as, <i>submammary</i> inflammation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`ma*rine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being, acting,
or growing, under water in the sea; as, <i>submarine</i> navigators;
<i>submarine</i> plants.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Submarine armor</b></col>, <cd>a waterproof dress of strong
material, having a helmet into which air for breathing is pumped
through a tube leading from above the surface to enable a diver to
remain under water.</cd> -- <col><b>Submarine cable</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Telegraph cable</i>, under <u>Telegraph</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Submarine mine</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Torpedo</u>, 2
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ma*rine"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A submarine plant
or animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*mar"shal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An under or
deputy marshal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*max"il*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Situated under the maxilla, or lower jaw;
inframaxillary; as, the <i>submaxillary</i> gland.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to submaxillary gland; as,
<i>submaxillary</i> salvia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*me"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lying under
the middle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*me"di*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Next to the median (on either side); as, the <i>submedian</i>
teeth of mollusks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*me"di*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>The sixth tone of the scale; the under mediant, or third below
the keynote; the superdominant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under the chin; as, the <i>submental</i>
artery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*men"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Submenta</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Sub-</u>, and
<u>Mentum</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The basal part of the labium
of insects. It bears the mentum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*merge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Submerged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Submerging</u> (?).] [L. <i>submergere</i>, <i>submersum</i>;
<i>sub</i> under + <i>mergere</i> to plunge: cf. F. <i>submerger</i>.
See <u>Merge</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put under water; to
plunge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover or overflow with water; to
inundate; to flood; to drown.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would thou didst,<BR>
So half my Egypt were <i>submerged</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1435 !></p>

<p><hw>Sub*merge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To plunge
into water or other fluid; to be buried or covered, as by a fluid; to
be merged; hence, to be completely included.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some say swallows <i>submerge</i> in
ponds.</blockquote> <i>Gent. Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*mer"gence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>submergens</i>, p. pr.] <def>The act of submerging, or the state of
being submerged; submersion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*merse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Submersed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*mersed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>submersus</i>, p. p. of <i>submergere</i>. See <u>Submerge</u>.]
<def>Being or growing under water, as the leaves of aquatic
plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*mer"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>submersio</i>: cf. F. <i>submersion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of submerging, or putting under water or other fluid, or
of causing to be overflowed; the act of plunging under water, or of
drowning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being put under water or other
fluid, or of being overflowed or drowned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`me*tal"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Imperfectly
metallic; as, a <i>submetallic</i> luster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*min"is*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subministrare</i>, <i>subministratum</i>. See <u>Sub-</u>, and
<u>Ministre</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To supply; to
afford.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*min"is*ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be
subservient; to be useful.</def> [Obs.] "Our passions . . .
<i>subminister</i> to the best and worst purposes."
<i>L'EStrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*min"is*trant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subministrans</i>, p. pr.] <def>Subordinate; subservient.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*min"is*trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Subminister</u>.] <def>To supply; to afford; to subminister.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*min`is*tra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subministratio</i>.] <def>The act of subministering.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*miss"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>submissus</i>,
p. p. of <i>submittere</i> to let down, to lower. See <u>Submit</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Submissive; humble; obsequious.</def>
[Archaic] "Soft Silence and <i>submiss</i> Obedience." <i>Spenser.</i>
"Stooping and <i>submiss</i>."  <i>R. L. Stevenson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Gentle; soft; calm; as, <i>submiss</i>
voices.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*mis"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>submissio</i> a letting down, lowering: cf. F. <i>soumission</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of submitting; the act of yielding to
power or authority; surrender of the person and power to the control
or government of another; obedience; compliance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Submission</i>, dauphin! 't is a mere French
word;<BR>
We English warrious wot not what it means.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being submissive;
acknowledgement of inferiority or dependence; humble or suppliant
behavior; meekness; resignation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In all <i>submission</i> and humility<BR>
York doth present himself unto your highness.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No duty in religion is more justly required by God . .
. than a perfect <i>submission</i> to his will in all
things.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Acknowledgement of a fault; confession of
error.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be not as extreme in <i>submission</i><BR>
As in offense.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An agreement by which parties
engage to submit any matter of controversy between them to the
decision of arbitrators.</def>  <i>Wharton (Law Dict.).
Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*mis"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Inclined or ready to submit; acknowledging one's inferiority;
yielding; obedient; humble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not at his feet <i>submissive</i> in distress,<BR>
Creature so fair his reconcilement seeking.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Showing a readiness to submit; expressing
submission; as, a <i>submissive</i> demeanor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With a <i>submissive</i> step I hasted
down.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Obedient; compliant; yielding; obsequious;
subservient; humble; modest; passive.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Sub*mis"sive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sub*mis"sive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sub*miss"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
submissive manner; with a submission.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*miss"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Submissiveness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*mit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Submitted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Submitting</u>.] [L. <i>submittere</i>; <i>sub</i> under +
<i>mittere</i> to send: cf. F. <i>soumettre</i>. See <u>Missile</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To let down; to lower.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sometimes the hill <i>submits</i> itself a
while.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put or place under.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bristled throat<BR>
Of the <i>submitted</i> sacrifice with ruthless steel he
cut.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To yield, resign, or surrender to power,
will, or authority; -- often with the reflexive pronoun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye ben <i>submitted</i> through your free
assent.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The angel of the Lord said unto her, Return to thy
mistress, and <i>submit</i> thyself under her hands.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. xvi. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wives, <i>submit</i> yourselves unto your own
husbands.</blockquote> <i>Eph. v. 22.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To leave or commit to the discretion or
judgment of another or others; to refer; as, to <i>submit</i> a
controversy to arbitrators; to <i>submit</i> a question to the court;
-- often followed by a dependent proposition as the object.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether the condition of the clergy be able to bear a
heavy burden, is <i>submitted</i> to the house.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>submit</i> that a wooden spoon of our day would
not be justified in calling Galileo and Napier blockheads because they
never heard of the differential calculus.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*mit"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To yield one's person to the power of another; to give up
resistance; to surrender.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The revolted provinces presently
<i>submitted</i>.</blockquote> <i>C. Middleton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To yield one's opinion to the opinion of
authority of another; to be subject; to acquiesce.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To thy husband's will<BR>
Thine shall <i>submit</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be submissive or resigned; to yield
without murmuring.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our religion requires from us . . . to <i>submit</i> to
pain, disgrace, and even death.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*mit"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
submits.</def>  <i>Whitlock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*mon"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>submonere</i>. See <u>Summon</u>, and <u>-ish</u>.] <def>To
suggest; to prompt.</def> [R.] "The <i>submonishing</i> inclinations
of my senses."  <i>T. Granger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`mo*ni"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>submonitio</i>.] <def>Suggestion; prompting.</def> [R.]  <i>T.
Granger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*mu"cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under a mucous membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*mul"ti*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>A number or quality which is contained in another an exact number
of times, or is an aliquot part of it; thus, 7 is the
<i>submultiple</i> of 56, being contained in it eight times.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*mul"ti*ple</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a submultiple; being a submultiple; as, a
<i>submultiple</i> number; <i>submultiple</i> ratio.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*mus"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Situated
underneath a muscle or muscles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`nar*cot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Moderately narcotic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*na"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under the nose; as, the <i>subnasal</i> point, or the
middle point of the inferior border of the anterior nasal
aperture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*nas"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subnascens</i>, p. pr. of <i>subnasci</i> to grow under; <i>sub</i>
under + <i>nasci</i> to be born.] <def>Growing underneath.</def> [R.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*nect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subnectere</i>, <i>subnextum</i>; <i>sub</i> under + <i>nectere</i>
to tie.] <def>To tie or fasten beneath; to join beneath.</def> [R.]
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*nex"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Subnect</u>.] <def>To subjoin; to subnect.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*nor"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>That part of the axis of a curved line which is intercepted
between the ordinate and the normal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`no*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subnotatio</i> a signing underneath, fr. <i>subnotare</i> to
subscribe; <i>sub</i> under + <i>notare</i> to note or mark.] <def>A
rescript.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*no`to*chor"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated on the ventral side of the notochord; as,
the <i>subnotochordal</i> rod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*nu"vo*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub</i>
+ It. <i>nuvola</i> cloud: cf. L. <i>subnubilus</i> somewhat cloudy.]
<def>Under the clouds; attended or partly covered or obscured by
clouds; somewhat cloudy.</def> [R. & Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Subnuvolar</i> lights of evening sharply
slant.</blockquote> <i>Milnes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`ob*scure"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
obscurely or darkly.</def> [R.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`ob*tuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Partially
obtuse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`oc*cip"i*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under, or posterior to, the occiput; as, the
<i>suboccipital</i>, or first cervical, nerve.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub*oc"tave</hw> (?), <hw>Sub*oc"tu*ple</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing one part of eight; having the
ratio of one to eight.</def>  <i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*oc"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub +
ocular</i>: cf. L. <i>subocularis</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated
under, or on the ventral side of, the eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*of"fi*cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub +
officer</i>: cf. F. <i>sous-officer</i>.] <def>An under or subordinate
officer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`o*per"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated below the operculum; pertaining to the
suboperculum.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
suboperculum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`o*per"cu*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Sub-</u>, <u>Operculum</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The lower
opercular bone in fishes.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub`or*bic"u*lar</hw> (?), <hw>Sub`or*bic"u*late</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Almost orbiculate or orbicular.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub*or"bit*al</hw> (?), <hw>Sub*or"bit*ar</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated under or below the
orbit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*or"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i>
<def>A division of an order; a group of genera of a little lower rank
than an order and of greater importance than a tribe or family; as,
cichoraceous plants form a <i>suborder</i> of
Composit&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*or"di*na*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Subordinate</u>.] <def>The quality or state of being subordinate,
or subject to control; subordination, as, to bring the imagination to
act in <i>subordinacy</i> to reason.</def>  <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub*or"di*nance</hw> (?), <hw>Sub*or"di*nan*cy</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub</i> + L. <i>ordinans</i>, p. pr. of
<i>ordinare</i>. See <u>Subordinate</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>Subordinacy; subordination.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More. Sir W.
Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*or"di*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>One of several heraldic bearings somewhat less common than an
ordinary. See <u>Ordinary</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Different writers name different bearings as subordinaries,
but the <i>bar</i>, <i>bend</i>, <i>sinister</i>, <i>pile</i>,
<i>inescutcheon bordure</i>, <i>gyron</i>, and <i>quarter</i>, are
always considered subordinaries by those who do not class them as
ordinaries.</p>

<p><hw>Sub*or"di*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub</i>
+ L. <i>ordinatus</i>, p. p. of <i>ordinare</i> to set in order, to
arrange. See <u>Ordain</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Placed in a lower
order, class, or rank; holding a lower or inferior position.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The several kinds and <i>subordinate</i> species of
each are easily distinguished.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inferior in order, nature, dignity, power,
importance, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was <i>subordinate</i>, not enslaved, to the
understanding.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*or"di*nate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who stands
in order or rank below another; -- distinguished from a
<i>principal</i>.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*or"di*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Subordinated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Subordinating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To place
in a lower order or class; to make or consider as of less value or
importance; as, to <i>subordinate</i> one creature to
another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make subject; to subject or subdue; as,
to <i>subordinate</i> the passions to reason.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sub*or"di*nate*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sub*or"di*nate*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sub*or`di*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>subordination</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
subordinating, placing in a lower order, or subjecting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being subordinate
or inferior to an other; inferiority of rank or dignity;
subjection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Natural creature having a local
<i>subordination</i>.</blockquote> <i>Holyday.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Place of inferior rank.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Persons who in their several <i>subordinations</i>
would be obliged to follow the example of their
superiors.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*or"di*na*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending
to subordinate; expressing subordination; used to introduce a
subordinate sentence; as, a <i>subordinative</i>
conjunction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*orn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Suborned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Suborning</u>.] [F. <i>suborner</i>, L. <i>subornare</i>;
<i>sub</i> under, secretly + <i>ornare</i> to furnish, provide, equip,
adorn. See <u>Ornament</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To
procure or cause to take a false oath amounting to perjury, such oath
being actually taken.</def>  <i>Sir W. O. Russell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To procure privately, or by collusion; to
procure by indirect means; to incite secretly; to instigate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou art <i>suborned</i> against his
honor.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those who by despair <i>suborn</i> their
death.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`or*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>subornation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The act of
suborning; the crime of procuring a person to take such a false oath
as constitutes perjury.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sin or offense of procuring one to do a
criminal or bad action, as by bribes or persuasion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Foul <i>subornation</i> is predominant.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The sort of chicanery attending the <i>subornation</i>
of managers in the Leibnitz controversy.</blockquote> <i>De
Quinsey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*orn"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who suborns
or procures another to take, a false oath; one who procures another to
do a bad action.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*o"val</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat oval;
nearly oval.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*o"vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nearly in the
form of an egg, or of the section of an egg, but having the inferior
extremity broadest; nearly ovate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*o"va*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Subovate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*ox"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An oxide containing a relatively small amount of oxygen, and less
than the normal proportion; as, potassium <i>suboxide</i>,
K<sub>4</sub>O.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`pe*dun"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated beneath the peduncle; as, the <i>subpeduncular</i> lobe
of the cerebellum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`pe*dun"cu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot. &
Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Supported on, or growing from, a very short stem;
having a short peduncle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`pel*lu"cid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
pellucid; nearly pellucid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*pe"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. & v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Subp&oelig;na</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`pen*tan"gu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nearly
or approximately pentangular; almost pentangular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*per`i*car"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated under the cardiac pericardium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*per`i*os"te*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated under the periosteum.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Subperiosteal operation</b></col> <i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>a
removal of bone effected without taking away the periosteum.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sub*per`i*to"ne*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated under the peritoneal membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*pet"i*o*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Concealed within the base of the petiole, as the leaf buds of the
plane tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*pleu"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under the pleural membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*pod`o*phyl"lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated under the podophyllous tissue of the
horse's foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*p&oelig;"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>sub</i> under + <i>poena</i> punishment. See <u>Pain</u>.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>A writ commanding the attendance in court, as a
witness, of the person on whom it is served, under a penalty; the
process by which a defendant in equity is commanded to appear and
answer the plaintiff's bill.</def> [Written also <i>subpena</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>||Subp&oelig;na ad testificandum</b></col> (&?;). [NL.]
<cd>A writ used to procure the attendance of a witness for the purpose
of testifying.</cd> -- <col><b>||Subp&oelig;na duces tecum</b></col>
(&?;). [NL.] <cd>A writ which requires a witness to attend and bring
certain documents.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sub*p&oelig;"na</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Subp&oelig;naed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Subp&oelig;naing</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>To serve with
a writ of subp&oelig;na; to command attendance in court by a legal
writ, under a penalty in case of disobedience.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*p&oelig;"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Required
or done under penalty.</def>  <i>Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*po"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Situated below
the poles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`po*lyg"o*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Approximately polygonal; somewhat or almost polygonal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`pre*hen"sile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
prehensile; prehensile in an inferior degree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*pri"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub +
prior</i>: cf. F. <i>sous-prieur</i>.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The
vicegerent of a prior; a claustral officer who assists the
prior.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*pu"bic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under, or posterior to, the pubic bones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*pul"mo*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the lungs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*pur"chas*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A purchaser
who buys from a purchaser; one who buys at second hand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*pyr"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
pyriform.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*quad"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nearly or
approximately square; almost square.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*quad"ru*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing
one part of four; in the ratio of one to four; as, <i>subquadruple</i>
proportion.</def>  <i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*quin"que*fid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Almost
quinquefid; nearly quinquefid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*quin"tu*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
ratio of one to five; as, <i>subquintuple</i> proportion.</def>
<i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*read"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An
under reader in the inns of court, who reads the texts of law the
reader is to discourse upon.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*rec"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An assistant
restor.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub`re*li"gion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A secondary
religion; a belief or principle held in a quasi religious
veneration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Loyalty is in the English a
<i>subreligion</i>.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*rep"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subreptio</i>, fr. <i>subripere</i>, <i>subreptum</i>, to snatch or
take away secretly: cf. F. <i>subreption</i>. See
<u>Surreptitious</u>.] <def>The act of obtaining a favor by surprise,
or by unfair representation through suppression or fraudulent
concealment of facts.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`rep*ti"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subreptitius</i>. See <u>Surreptitious</u>.]
<def>Surreptitious.</def> [Obs.] -- <wf>Sub`rep*ti"tious*ly</wf> (#),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><! p. 1436 !></p>

<p><hw>Sub*rep"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subreptivus</i>.] <def>Surreptitious.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*rig"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat rigid
or stiff.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*rig"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subriguus</i>; <i>sub</i> under + <i>riguus</i> watered, akin to
<i>rigare</i> to water.] <def>Watered or wet beneath; well-
watered.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"ro*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subrogatus</i>, p. p. of <i>subrogare</i>. See <u>Surrogate</u>.]
<def>To put in the place of another; to substitute.</def>
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`ro*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>subrogation</i>, LL. <i>subrogatio</i>.] <def>The act of
subrogating.</def> Specifically: <i>(Law)</i> <def>The substitution of
one person in the place of another as a creditor, the new creditor
succeeding to the rights of the former; the mode by which a third
person who pays a creditor succeeds to his rights against the
debtor.</def>  <i>Bouvier. Burrill. Abbott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`ro*tund"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
rotund.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sa"cral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the sacrum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`sa*line"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Moderately
saline or salt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"salt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
basic salt. See the Note under <u>Salt</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`san*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subsannatio</i>, fr. <i>subsannare</i> to deride by mimicking
gestures.] <def>Derision; mockery.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub*scap"u*lar</hw> (?), <hw>Sub*scap"u*la*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated beneath the scapula;
infrascapular; as, the <i>subscapular</i> muscle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*scrib"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being subscribed.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*scribe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Subscribed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Subscribing</u>.] [L. <i>subscribere</i>,
<i>subscriptum</i>; <i>sub</i> under + <i>scribere</i> to write: cf.
F. <i>souscrire</i>. See <u>Scribe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
write underneath, as one's name; to sign (one's name) to a
document.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] <i>subscribed</i> their names under
them.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sign with one's own hand; to give
consent to, as something written, or to bind one's self to the terms
of, by writing one's name beneath; as, parties <i>subscribe</i> a
covenant or contract; a man <i>subscribes</i> a bond.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the bishops <i>subscribed</i> the
sentence.</blockquote> <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To attest by writing one's name beneath;
as, officers <i>subscribe</i> their official acts, and secretaries and
clerks <i>subscribe</i> copies or records.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To promise to give, by writing one's name
with the amount; as, each man <i>subscribed</i> ten dollars.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To sign away; to yield; to surrender.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To declare over one's signature; to
publish.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Either or must shortly hear from him, or I will
<i>subscribe</i> him a coward.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*scribe"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To sign one's name to a letter or other document.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give consent to something written, by
signing one's name; hence, to assent; to agree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So spake, so wished, much humbled Eve; but Fate<BR>
<i>Subscribed</i> not.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To become surely; -- with <i>for</i>.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To yield; to admit one's self to be
inferior or in the wrong.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>subscribe</i>, and say I wronged the
duke.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To set one's name to a paper in token of
promise to give a certain sum.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To enter one's name for a newspaper, a
book, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*scrib"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who subscribes; one who contributes to an undertaking by
subscribing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who enters his name for a paper, book,
map, or the like.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"script</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subscriptus</i>, p. p. See <u>Subscribe</u>.] <def>Written below or
underneath; as, iota <i>subscript</i>. (See under <u>Iota</u>.)
Specifically <i>(Math.)</i>, said of marks, figures, or letters
(suffixes), written below and usually to the right of other letters to
distinguish them; as, <i>a</i>, <i>n</i>, 2, in the symbols
<i>X<subs>a</subs></i>, <i>A<subs>n</subs></i>,
<i>Y<subs>2</subs></i>. See <u>Suffix</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2,
and <u>Subindex</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"script</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything written
below.</def>  <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*scrip"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subscriptio</i>: cf. F. <i>souscription</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of subscribing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is subscribed.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A paper to which a signature is
attached.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The signature attached to a
paper.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Consent or attestation by
underwriting the name.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Sum subscribed;
amount of sums subscribed; as, an individual <i>subscription</i> to a
fund.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The acceptance of articles,
or other tests tending to promote uniformity; esp. <i>(Ch. of
Eng.)</i>, formal assent to the Thirty-nine Articles and the Book of
Common Prayer, required before ordination.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Submission; obedience.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You owe me no <i>subscription</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>That part of a prescription
which contains the direction to the apothecary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*scrip"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a subscription, or signature.</def> "The
<i>subscriptive</i> part." <i>Richardson.</i> --
<wf>Sub*scrip"tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sub"se*cute</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subsecutus</i>, p. p. of <i>subsequi</i>. See <u>Subsequent</u>.]
<def>To follow closely, or so as to overtake; to pursue.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To follow and detain him, if by any possibility he
could be <i>subsecuted</i> and overtaken.</blockquote> <i>E.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sec"u*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>subs&eacute;cutif</i>.] <def>Following in a train or
succession.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sub*sel"li*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Subsellia</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Eccl. Arch.)</i> <def>One of
the stalls of the lower range where there are two ranges. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Stall</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sem"i*tone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>The sensible or leading note, or sharp seventh, of any key;
subtonic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sen"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deeper than
the reach of the senses.</def> "That <i>subsensible</i> world."
<i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sep"tu*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
ratio of one to seven.</def>  <i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub"se*quence</hw> (?), <hw>Sub"se*quen*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or state of following; -- opposed to
<i>precedence</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"se*quent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subsequens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>subsequi</i> to follow,
succeed: cf. F. <i>subs&eacute;quent</i>. See <u>Sue</u> to follow.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Following in time; coming or being after
something else at any time, indefinitely; as, <i>subsequent</i>
events; <i>subsequent</i> ages or years; a period long
<i>subsequent</i> to the foundation of Rome.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Following in order of place; succeeding;
as, a <i>subsequent</i> clause in a treaty.</def> "The
<i>subsequent</i> words come on before the precedent vanish."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"se*quent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>At a later
time; afterwards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*se"rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under a serous membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*serve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Subserved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Subserving</u>.] [L. <i>subservire</i>; <i>sub</i> under +
<i>servire</i> to serve. See <u>Serve</u>.] <def>To serve in
subordination or instrumentally; to be subservient to; to help
forward; to promote.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a great credit to know the ways of captivating
Nature, and making her <i>subserve</i> our purposes, than to have
learned all the intrigues of policy.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*serve"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be subservient
or subordinate; to serve in an inferior capacity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not made to rule,<BR>
But to <i>subserve</i> where wisdom bears command.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub*serv"i*ence</hw> (?), <hw>Sub*serv"i*en*cy</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of being subservient;
instrumental fitness or use; hence, willingness to serve another's
purposes; in a derogatory sense, servility.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The body wherein appears much fitness, use, and
<i>subserviency</i> to infinite functions.</blockquote>
<i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a regular subordination and
<i>subserviency</i> among all the parts to beneficial
ends.</blockquote> <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*serv"i*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subserviens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. See <u>Subserve</u>.]
<def>Fitted or disposed to subserve; useful in an inferior capacity;
serving to promote some end; subordinate; hence, servile,
truckling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Scarce ever reading anything which he did not make
<i>subservient</i> in one kind or other.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Fell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These ranks of creatures are <i>subservient</i> one to
another.</blockquote> <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their temporal ambition was wholly <i>subservient</i>
to their proselytizing spirit.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*serv"i*ent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
subservient manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ses"qui-</hw> (?). [Pref. <i>sub-</i> + <i>sesqui-</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A prefix (also used adjectively) denoting the
combination of constituents (especially electro-negative and electro-
positive bodies) in the proportion of <i>two</i> to <i>three</i>; as,
a <i>subsesqui</i> acetate, <i>i. e.</i>, a salt having two
equivalents of acetic acid to three of the base.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sex"tu*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
ratio of one to six; as, a <i>sub</i>sextuple proportion.</def>
<i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*side"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Subsided</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Subsiding</u>.] [L. <i>subsidere</i>; <i>sub</i> under, below +
<i>sidere</i> to sit down, to settle; akin to <i>sedere</i> to sit, E.
<i>sit</i>. See <u>Sit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sink or fall
to the bottom; to settle, as lees.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To tend downward; to become lower; to
descend; to sink.</def> "Heaven's <i>subsiding</i> hill."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fall into a state of quiet; to cease to
rage; to be calmed; to settle down; to become tranquil; to abate; as,
the sea <i>subsides</i>; the tumults of war will <i>subside</i>; the
fever has <i>subsided</i>.</def> "In cases of danger, pride and envy
naturally <i>subside</i>."  <i>C. Middleton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Abate</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub*sid"ence</hw> (?), <hw>Sub*sid"en*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>subsidens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of
<i>subsidere</i>. See <u>Subside</u>.] <def>The act or process of
subsiding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The subdual or <i>subsidence</i> of the more violent
passions.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sid"i*a*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
subsidiary manner; so as to assist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sid"i*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subsidiarius</i>: cf. F. <i>subsidiaire</i>. See <u>Subsidy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Furnishing aid; assisting; auxiliary; helping;
tributary; especially, aiding in an inferior position or capacity; as,
a <i>subsidiary</i> stream.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Chief ruler and principal head everywhere, not
suffragant and <i>subsidiary</i>.</blockquote> <i>Florio.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They constituted a useful <i>subsidiary</i> testimony
of another state of existence.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a subsidy; constituting
a subsidy; being a part of, or of the nature of, a subsidy; as,
<i>subsidiary</i> payments to an ally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>George the Second relied on his <i>subsidiary</i>
treaties.</blockquote> <i>Ld. Mahon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sid"i*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Subsidiaries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who, or that which,
contributes aid or additional supplies; an assistant; an
auxiliary.</def>  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"si*dize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Subsidized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Subsidizing</u> (?).] [From <u>Subsidy</u>.] <def>To
furnish with a subsidy; to purchase the assistance of by the payment
of a subsidy; to aid or promote, as a private enterprise, with public
money; as, to <i>subsidize</i> a steamship line.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He employed the remittances from Spain to
<i>subsidize</i> a large body of German mercenaries.</blockquote>
<i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"si*dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Subsidies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>subsidium</i> the troops
stationed in reserve in the third line of battlem reserve, support,
help, fr. <i>subsidere</i> to sit down, lie in wait: cf. F.
<i>subside</i>. See <u>Subside</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Support;
aid; co&ouml;peration; esp., extraordinary aid in money rendered to
the sovereign or to a friendly power.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They advised the king to send speedy aids, and with
much alacrity granted a great rate of <i>subsidy</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Subsidies</i> were taxes, not immediately on on property,
but on persons in respect of their reputed estates, after the nominal
rate of 4s. the pound for lands, and 2s. 8d. for goods.
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: A sum of money paid by one
sovereign or nation to another to purchase the co&ouml;peration or the
neutrality of such sovereign or nation in war.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A grant from the government, from a
municipal corporation, or the like, to a private person or company to
assist the establishment or support of an enterprise deemed
advantageous to the public; a subvention; as, a <i>subsidy</i> to the
owners of a line of ocean steamships.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Tribute; grant.  -- <u>Subsidy</u>, <u>Tribute</u>.
A <i>subsidy</i> is voluntary; a <i>tribute</i> is exacted.</p>

<p><hw>Sub*sign"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Subsigned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Subsigning</u>.] [L. <i>subsignare</i>; <i>sub</i> under +
<i>signare</i> to mark: cf. F. <i>soussigner</i>. See <u>Sign</u>.]
<def>To sign beneath; to subscribe.</def> [R.]  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`sig*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subsignatio</i>.] <def>The act of writing the name under something,
as for attestation.</def> [R.]  <i>Shelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sil"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A basic
silicate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sist"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Subsisted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Subsisting</u>.] [L. <i>subsistere</i> to stand still, stay, remain
alive; <i>sub</i> under + <i>sistere</i> to stand, to cause to stand,
from <i>stare</i> to stand: cf. F. <i>subsister</i>. See
<u>Stand</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be; to have existence; to
inhere.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And makes what happiness we justly call,<BR>
<i>Subsist</i> not in the good of one, but all.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To continue; to retain a certain
state.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Firm we <i>subsist</i>, yet possible to
swerve.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be maintained with food and clothing; to
be supported; to live.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>subsist</i> on other men's charity.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sist"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To support with
provisions; to feed; to maintain; as, to <i>subsist</i> one's
family.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He laid waste the adjacent country in order to render
it more difficult for the enemy to <i>subsist</i> their
army.</blockquote> <i>Robertson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sist"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>subsistance</i>, L. <i>subsistentia</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Real being; existence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not only the things had <i>subsistence</i>, but the
very images were of some creatures existing.</blockquote>
<i>Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inherency; as, the <i>subsistence</i> of
qualities in bodies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which furnishes support to animal
life; means of support; provisions, or that which produces provisions;
livelihood; as, a meager <i>subsistence</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His viceroy could only propose to himself a comfortable
<i>subsistence</i> out of the plunder of his province.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Hypostasis</u>,
2.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sist"en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Subsistence.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*sist"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subsistens</i>, p. pr. See <u>Subsist</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having real being; as, a <i>subsistent</i> spirit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inherent; as, qualities <i>subsistent</i>
in matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*si"zar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An under sizar;
a student of lower rank than a sizar.</def> [Cambridge Univ. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Bid my <i>subsizar</i> carry my hackney to the buttery
and give him his bever.</blockquote> <i>J. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"soil`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The bed, or
stratum, of earth which lies immediately beneath the surface
soil.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Subsoil plow</b></col>, <cd>a plow having a share and
standard but no moldboard. It follows in the furrow made by an
ordinary plow, and loosens the soil to an additional depth without
bringing it to the surface.</cd> <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"soil`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To turn up the
subsoil of.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*so"la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being under
the sun; hence, terrestrial; earthly; mundane.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*spe"cies</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A group
somewhat lessdistinct than speciesusually are, but based on characters
more important than those which characterize ordinary varieties;
often, a geographical variety or race.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`sphe*noid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the body of the
sphenoid bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*spher"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nearly
spherical; having a figure resembling that of a sphere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*spi"nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Subvertebral.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Situated beneath a spinous process, as that of the
scapula; as, <i>subspinous</i> dislocation of the humerus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"stance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>substantia</i>, fr. <i>substare</i> to be under or present, to
stand firm; <i>sub</i> under + <i>stare</i> to stand. See
<u>Stand</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which underlies all
outward manifestations; substratum; the permanent subject or cause of
phenomena, whether material or spiritual; that in which properties
inhere; that which is real, in distinction from that which is
apparent; the abiding part of any existence, in distinction from any
accident; that which constitutes anything what it is; real or existing
essence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These cooks, how they stamp, and strain, and grind,<BR>
And turn <i>substance</i> into accident!</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Heroic virtue did his actions guide,<BR>
And he the <i>substance</i>, not the appearance, chose.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The most important element in any
existence; the characteristic and essential components of anything;
the main part; essential import; purport.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This edition is the same in <i>substance</i> with the
Latin.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is insolent in words, in manner; but in
<i>substance</i> it is not only insulting, but alarming.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Body; matter; material of which a thing is
made; hence, substantiality; solidity; firmness; as, the
<i>substance</i> of which a garment is made; some textile fabrics have
little <i>substance</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Material possessions; estate; property;
resources.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And there wasted his <i>substance</i> with riotous
living.</blockquote> <i>Luke xv. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy <i>substance</i>, valued at the highest rate,<BR>
Can not amount unto a hundred marks.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We are destroying many thousand lives, and exhausting
our <i>substance</i>, but not for our own interest.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Hypostasis</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"stance</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To furnish or
endow with substance; to supply property to; to make rich.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub"stance*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
substance; unsubstantial.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"stant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>substans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>substare</i> to be firm.]
<def>Substantial; firm.</def> [R.] "[The glacier's] <i>substant</i>
ice."  <i>The Century.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*stan"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>substantiel</i>, L. <i>substantialis</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Belonging to substance; actually existing; real; as,
<i>substantial</i> life.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If this atheist would have his chance to be real and
<i>substantial</i> agent, he is more stupid than the
vulgar.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not seeming or imaginary; not illusive;
real; solid; true; veritable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If happinessbe a <i>substantial</i> good.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>substantial</i> ornaments of
virtue.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Corporeal; material; firm.</def> "Most
ponderous and <i>substantial</i> things."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The rainbow [appears to be] a large <i>substantial</i>
arch.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Having good substance; strong; stout;
solid; firm; as, <i>substantial</i> cloth; a <i>substantial</i> fence
or wall.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Possessed of goods or an estate; moderately
wealthy; responsible; as, a <i>substantial</i> freeholder.</def>
"<i>Substantial</i> yeomen and burghers."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1437 !></p>

<p><hw>Sub*stan`ti*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being substantial; corporiety;
materiality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The soul is a stranger to such gross
<i>substantiality</i>.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*stan"tial*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> <u>Substantialized</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Substantializing</u> (?).] <def>To make
substantial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*stan"tial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
substantial manner; in substance; essentially.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In him all his Father shone,<BR>
<i>Substantially</i> expressed.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The laws of this religion would make men, if they would
truly observe them, <i>substantially</i> religious toward God,
chastle, and temperate.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*stan"tial*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being substantial; as, the <i>substantialness</i> of a
wall or column.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*stan"tials</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<def>Essential parts.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*stan"ti*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Substantiated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Substantiating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make
to exist; to make real.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To establish the existence or truth of by
proof or competent evidence; to verify; as, to <i>substantiate</i> a
charge or allegation; to <i>substantiate</i> a declaration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Observation is, in turn, wanted to direct and
<i>substantiate</i> the course of experiment.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*stan`ti*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of substantiating or proving; evidence; proof.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`stan*ti"val</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a substantive; of the nature of substantive.</def> --
<wf>Sub`stan*ti"val*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sub"stan*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>substantivus</i>: cf. F. <i>substantif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Betokening or expressing existence; as, the <i>substantive</i>
verb, that is, the verb <i>to be</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Depending on itself; independent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He considered how sufficient and <i>substantive</i>
this land was to maintain itself without any aid of the
foreigner.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Enduring; solid; firm;
substantial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Strength and magnitude are qualities which impress the
imagination in a powerful and <i>substantive</i> manner.</blockquote>
<i>Hazlitt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or constituting, the
essential part or principles; as, the law
<i>substantive</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Noun substantive</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>a noun which
designates an object, material or immaterial; a substantive.</cd> --
<col><b>Substantive color</b></col>, <cd>one which communicates its
color without the aid of a mordant or base; -- opposed to <i>adjective
color</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sub"stan*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>substantif</i>.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A noun or name; the part of
speech which designates something that exists, or some object of
thought, either material or immaterial; as, the words <i>man</i>,
<i>horse</i>, <i>city</i>, <i>goodness</i>, <i>excellence</i>, are
<i>substantives</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"stan*tive</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
substantivize.</def> [R.]  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"stan*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a substantive manner; in substance;
essentially.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>As a substantive, name, or
noun; as, an adjective may be used <i>substantively</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"stan*tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being substantive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"stan*tiv*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
convert into a substantive; as, to <i>substantivize</i> an
adjective.</def>  <i>Fitzed. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"stile`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Dialing)</i>
<def>See <u>Substyle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*stit"u*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>substituens</i>, p. pr. See <u>Substitute</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Any atom, group, or radical substituted for another, or entering
a molecule in place of some other part which is removed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"stit"ute</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>substitutus</i>, p. p. of <i>substituere</i> to put under, put in
the place of; <i>sub</i> under + <i>statuere</i> to put, place: cf. F.
<i>substitut</i>. See <u>Statute</u>.] <def>One who, or that which, is
substituted or put in the place of another; one who acts for another;
that which stands in lieu of something else</def>; specifically
<i>(Mil.)</i>, <def>a person who enlists for military service in the
place of a conscript or drafted man.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hast thou not made me here thy
<i>substitute</i>?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ladies [in Shakespeare's age] . . . wore masks as the
sole <i>substitute</i> known to our ancestors for the modern
parasol.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"stit"ute</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Substituted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Substituting</u> (?).] [See <u>Substitute</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To put in the place of another person or
thing; to exchange.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some few verses are inserted or <i>substituted</i> in
the room of others.</blockquote> <i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"stit"uted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Exchanged; put in the place of another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Containing substitutions or
replacements; having been subjected to the process of substitution, or
having some of its parts replaced; as, alcohol is a <i>substituted</i>
water; methyl amine is a <i>substituted</i> ammonia.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Substituted executor</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an
executor appointed to act in place of one removed or
resigned.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sub`sti*tu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>substitutio</i>: cf. F. <i>substitution</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of substituting or putting one person or thing in the
place of another; as, the <i>substitution</i> of an agent, attorney,
or representative to act for one in his absense; the
<i>substitution</i> of bank notes for gold and silver as a circulating
medium.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being substituted for
another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The office or authority of one acting for
another; delegated authority.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Civil Law)</i> <def>The designation of a
person in a will to take a devise or legacy, either on failure of a
former devisee or legatee by incapacity or unwillingness to accept, or
after him.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>The doctrine that Christ
suffered vicariously, being substituted for the sinner, and that his
sufferings were expiatory.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The act or process of
substituting an atom or radical for another atom or radical;
metathesis; also, the state of being so substituted. See
<u>Metathesis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`sti*tu"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to substitution; standing in the place of another;
substituted.</def> -- <wf>Sub`sti*tu"tion*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sub`sti*tu"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to substitution; substitutional.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"sti*tu`tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>substitutif</i>, L. <i>substitutivus</i> conditional.] <def>Tending
to afford or furnish a substitute; making substitution; capable of
being substituted.</def>  <i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*stract"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>suostraire</i>; L. <i>subtus</i> below (from <i>sub</i> under) +
<i>trahere</i> to draw. See <u>Substract</u>.] <def>To subtract; to
withdraw.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*strac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>substraction</i>, F. <i>soustraction</i>. See <u>Subtract</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Subtraction; deduction.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>See <u>Subtraction</u>,
3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*stract"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who subtracts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A detractor; a slanderer.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"strate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
substratum.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub"strate</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having very slight
furrows.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*strate"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>substratus</i>, p. p. of <i>substrahere</i>. See
<u>Substratum</u>.] <def>To strew or lay under anything.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The melted glass being supported by the
<i>substrated</i> sand.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*stra"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Substrata</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>substratus</i>, p. p. of
<i>substernere</i> to strew under; <i>sub</i> under + <i>sternere</i>
to strew. See <u>Stratum</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is
laid or spread under; that which underlies something, as a layer of
earth lying under another; specifically <i>(Agric.)</i>, the
subsoil.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>The permanent subject of
qualities or cause of phenomena; substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*struct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Substruction</u>.] <def>To build beneath something; to lay as the
foundation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>substructs</i> the religion of Asia as the
base.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*struc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>substructio</i>, fr. <i>substruere</i>, <i>substructum</i>, to
build beneath; <i>sub</i> under + <i>struere</i> to build.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Underbuilding; the foundation, or any preliminary
structure intended to raise the lower floor or basement of a building
above the natural level of the ground.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a magnificent strong building, with a
<i>substruction</i> very remarkable.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*struc"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub-
</i> + <i>structure</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Substruction</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An under structure; a foundation;
groundwork.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sty"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
the substyle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"style`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Dialing)</i>
<def>A right line on which the style, or gnomon, of a dial is erected;
being the common section of the face of the dial and a plane
perpendicular to it passing through the style.</def> [Written also
<i>substile</i>.]  <i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sul"phate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A sulphate with an excess of the base.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sul"phide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A nonacid compound consisting of one equivalent of sulphur and
more than one equivalent of some other body, as a metal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sul"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Subsultory.</def> [R.]  <i>Berkley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sul"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subsilire</i>, <i>subsultum</i>, to spring up; <i>sub</i> under +
<i>salire</i> to leap.] <def>Bounding; leaping; moving by sudden leaps
or starts.</def> [R.] -- <wf>Sub*sul"to*ri*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Flippancy opposed to solemnity, the <i>subsultory</i>
to the continuous, -- these are the two frequent extremities to which
the French manner betrays men.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sub*sul"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Subsultory</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A starting, twitching, or
convulsive motion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sum"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being subsumed.</def>  <i>J. B. Stallo.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sume"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub-</i>
+ L. <i>sumere</i> to take.] <def>To take up into or under, as
individual under species, species under genus, or particular under
universal; to place (any one cognition) under another as belonging to
it; to include under something else.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>subsume</i> one proposition under
another.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A principle under which one might <i>subsume</i> men's
most strenuous efforts after righteousness.</blockquote> <i>W.
Pater.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sump"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of subsuming, or of including under another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The first act of consciousness was a <i>subsumption</i>
of that of which we were conscious under this notion.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is subsumed, as the minor clause
or premise of a syllogism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But whether you see cause to go against the rule, or
the <i>subsumption</i> under the rule.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sump"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to,
or containing, a subsumption.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*tan"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>The part of the axis contained between the ordinate and tangent
drawn to the same point in a curve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`tar*ta"re*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being or
living under Tartarus; infernal.</def> "<i>Subtartarean</i> powers."
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*tec"ta*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub-
</i> + L. <i>tectum</i> a roof.] <def>A space under a roof; a
tabernacle; a dwelling.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Davies (Holy Roode).</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*teg`u*la"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subtegulaneus</i>; <i>sub</i> under + <i>tegulare</i> tiles for a
roof.] <def>Under the roof or eaves; within doors.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*ten"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>One who rents a tenement, or land, etc., of one who is also a
tenant; an undertenant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*tend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Subtended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Subtending</u>.] [L. <i>subtendere</i>; <i>sub</i> under +
<i>tendere</i> to stretch, extend. See <u>Tend</u>.] <def>To extend
under, or be opposed to; as, the line of a triangle which
<i>subtends</i> the right angle; the chord <i>subtends</i> an
arc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*tense"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subtendere</i>, <i>subtentum</i>. See <u>Subtend</u>, <u>Tense</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A line subtending, or
stretching across; a chord; as, the <i>subtense</i> of an
arc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*tep"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slightly
tepid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`te*rete"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
terete.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub*ter"flu*ent</hw> (?), <hw>Sub*ter"flu*ous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>subterfluens</i>, p. pr. of
<i>subterfluere</i> to flow beneath; <i>subter</i> under +
<i>fluere</i> to flow.] <def>Running under or beneath.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub"ter*fuge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from LL.
<i>subterfugium</i>, fr. L. <i>subterfugere</i> to flee secretly, to
escape; <i>subter</i> under + <i>fugere</i> to flee. See
<u>Fugitive</u>.] <def>That to which one resorts for escape or
concealment; an artifice employed to escape censure or the force of an
argument, or to justify opinions or conduct; a shift; an
evasion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Affect not little shifts and <i>subterfuges</i>, to
avoid the force of an argument.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By a miserable <i>subterfuge</i>, they hope to render
this position safe by rendering it nugatory.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"ter*rane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>subterraneum</i>, F. <i>souterrain</i>. See <u>Subterranean</u>.]
<def>A cave or room under ground.</def> [R.]  <i>J. Bryant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`ter*ra"ne*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Subterranean.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub`ter*ra"ne*an</hw> (?), <hw>Sub`ter*ra"ne*ous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>subterraneus</i>; <i>sub</i> under +
<i>terra</i> earth. See <u>Terrace</u>.] <def>Being or lying under the
surface of the earth; situated within the earth, or under ground; as,
<i>subterranean</i> springs; a <i>subterraneous</i> passage.</def> --
<wf>Sub`ter*ra"ne*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sub`ter*ran"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place
under ground; a subterrany.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"ter*ra*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Subterranean.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bacon.</i> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A subterranean place.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub`ter*rene"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subterrenus</i>, equiv. to <i>subterraneus</i>.]
<def>Subterraneous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub`ter*res"tri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Subterranean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`tha*lam"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under the optic thalamus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>subtilis</i>.
See <u>Subtile</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Thin; not dense or gross;
rare; as, <i>subtile</i> air; <i>subtile</i> vapor; a <i>subtile</i>
medium.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Delicately constituted or constructed;
nice; fine; delicate; tenuous; finely woven.</def> "A <i>sotil</i>
[subtile] twine's thread."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>More <i>subtile</i> web Arachne can not
spin.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I do distinguish plain<BR>
Each <i>subtile</i> line of her immortal face.</blockquote> <i>Sir J.
Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Acute; piercing; searching.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The slow disease and <i>subtile</i> pain.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by nicety of discrimination;
discerning; delicate; refined; subtle.</def> [In this sense now
commonly written <i>subtle</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The genius of the Spanish people is exquisitely
<i>subtile</i>, without being at all acute; hence there is so much
humor and so little wit in their literature. The genius of the
Italians, on the contrary, is acute, profound, and sensual, but not
<i>subtile</i>; hence what they think to be humorous, is merely
witty.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>subtile</i> influence of an intellect like
Emerson's.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Sly; artful; cunning; crafty; subtle; as, a
<i>subtile</i> person; a <i>subtile</i> adversary; a <i>subtile</i>
scheme.</def> [In this sense now commonly written <i>subtle</i>.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Subtile</u>, <u>Acute</u>.  In <i>acute</i> the
image is that of a needle's point; in <i>subtile</i> that of a thread
spun out to fineness. The <i>acute</i> intellect pierces to its aim;
the <i>subtile</i> (or <i>subtle</i>) intellect winds its way through
obstacles.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Sub"tile*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sub"tile*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sub*til"i*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>subtiliare</i>.] <def>To make thin or rare.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Harvey.</i> -- <wf>Sub`til*i*a"tion</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Obs.] <pos><i>Boyle.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sub"til*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being subtile; subtility; subtlety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The high orthodox <i>subtilism</i> of Duns
Scotus.</blockquote> <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*til"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subtilitas</i>: cf. F. <i>subtilit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Subtle</u>.]
<def>Subtilty.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub`til*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>subtilization</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of making
subtile.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>The operation of making
so volatile as to rise in steam or vapor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Refinement; subtlety; extreme
attenuation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"til*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Subtilized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Subtilizing</u> (?).] [L. <i>subtiliser</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make thin or fine; to make less gross or
coarse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To refine; to spin into niceties; as, to
<i>subtilize</i> arguments.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor as yet have we <i>subtilized</i> ourselves into
savages.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"til*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To refine in
argument; to make very nice distinctions.</def>  <i>Milner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"til*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
subtilizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"til*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. fr.
<i>subtility</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of
being subtile; thinness; fineness; as, the <i>subtility</i> of air or
light.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Refinement; extreme acuteness;
subtlety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Intelligible discourses are spoiled by too much
<i>subtility</i> in nice divisions.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Cunning; skill; craft.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To learn a lewd man this <i>subtility</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Slyness in design; artifice; guile; a
cunning design or artifice; a trick; subtlety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O full of all <i>subtility</i> and all
mischief.</blockquote> <i>Acts xiii. 10.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In senses 2, 3, and 4 the word is more commonly written
<i>subtlety</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Sub"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Subtler</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Subtlest</u> (?).] [OE. <i>sotil</i>,
<i>subtil</i>, OF. <i>soutil</i>, later <i>subtil</i>, F.
<i>subtil</i>, L. <i>subtilis</i>; probably, originally, woven fine,
and fr. <i>sub</i> under + <i>tela</i> a web, fr. <i>texere</i> to
weave. See <u>Text</u>, and cf. <u>Subtile</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sly in design; artful; cunning; insinuating; subtile; -- applied
to persons; as, a <i>subtle</i> foe.</def> "A <i>subtle</i> traitor."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cunningly devised; crafty; treacherous; as,
a <i>subtle</i> stratagem.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by refinement and niceness in
drawing distinctions; nicely discriminating; -- said of persons; as, a
<i>subtle</i> logician; refined; tenuous; sinuous; insinuating; hence,
penetrative or pervasive; -- said of the mind; its faculties, or its
operations; as, a <i>subtle</i> intellect; a <i>subtle</i>
imagination; a <i>subtle</i> process of thought; also, difficult of
apprehension; elusive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Things remote from use, obscure and
<i>subtle</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Smooth and deceptive.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Like to a bowl upon a <i>subtle</i> ground [bowling
ground].</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Artful; crafty; cunning; shrewd; sly; wily.
<i>Subtle</i> is the most comprehensive of these epithets and implies
the finest intellectual quality. See <u>Shrewd</u>, and
<u>Cunning</u>.</p>

<p><! p. 1438 !></p>

<p><hw>Sub"tle*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being subtle; subtlety.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"tle*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Subtleties</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>sotelte</i>, <i>sutilte</i>,
OF. <i>sotillete</i>, L. <i>subtilitas</i>. See <u>Subtle</u>, and cf.
<u>Subtility</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of
being subtle, or sly; cunning; craftiness; artfulness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fox which lives by <i>subtlety</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Nice discernment with delicacy of mental
action; nicety of discrimination.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Something that is sly, crafty, or
delusive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Unlearned in the world's false
<i>subtleties</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"tly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a subtle
manner; slyly; artfully; cunningly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou seest how <i>subtly</i> to detain thee I
devise.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Nicely; delicately.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the nice bee what sense so <i>subtly</i>
true.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Subtly</i> communicating itself to my sensibilities,
but evading the analysis of my mind.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Deceitfully; delusively.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ton"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Phonetics)</i>
<def>Applied to, or distinguishing, a speech element consisting of
tone, or proper vocal sound, not pure as in the vowels, but dimmed and
otherwise modified by some kind of obstruction in the oral or the
nasal passage, and in some cases with a mixture of breath sound; -- a
term introduced by Dr. James Rush in 1833. See <i>Guide to
Pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect;155, 199-202.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ton"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Phonetics)</i> <def>A subtonic sound or element; a vocal
consonant, as <i>b</i>, <i>d</i>, <i>g</i>, <i>n</i>, etc.; a
subvocal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The seventh tone of the
scale, or that immediately below the tonic; -- called also
<i>subsemitone</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*tor"rid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nearly
torrid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*tract"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Subtracted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Subtracting</u>.] [L. <i>subtractus</i>, p. p. of <i>subtrahere</i>
to draw from beneath, withdraw, remove; <i>sub</i> under +
<i>trahere</i> to draw. See <u>Trace</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and
cf. <u>Substract</u>.] <def>To withdraw, or take away, as a part from
the whole; to deduct; as, <i>subtract</i> 5 from 9, and the remainder
is 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*tract"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who subtracts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The subtrahend.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*trac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subtractio</i> a drawing back. See <u>Subtract</u>, and cf.
<u>Substraction</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or operation of
subtracting or taking away a part.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The taking of a lesser
number or quantity from a greater of the same kind or denomination; an
operation for finding the difference between two numbers or
quantities.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The withdrawing or withholding
from a person of some right to which he is entitled by law.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Thus the <i>subtraction</i> of conjugal rights is when
either the husband or wife withdraws from the other and lives separate
without sufficient reason. The <i>subtraction</i> of a legacy is the
withholding or detailing of it from the legatee by the executor. In
like manner, the withholding of any service, rent, duty, or custom, is
a <i>subtraction</i>, for which the law gives a remedy.
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*trac"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Tending, or having power, to subtract.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Having the negative sign, or
sign minus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"tra*hend`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subtrahendus</i> that is to be subtracted, p.fut.pess. of
<i>subtrahere</i>. See <u>Subtract</u>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The sum
or number to be subtracted, or taken from another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`trans*lu"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
perfectly translucent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`trans*pa"rent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
perfectly transparent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*treas"ur*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The public
officer who has charge of a subtreasury.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*treas"ur*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Subtreasuries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A subordinate treasury, or
place of deposit; as, the United States <i>subtreasury</i> at New
York.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub`tri*an"gu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nearly,
but not perfectly, triangular.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"tribe`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot. &
Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of a tribe; a group of genera of a
little lower rank than a tribe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`tri*he"dral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Approaching
the form of a three-sided pyramid; as, the <i>subtrihedral</i> crown
of a tooth.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*tri"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>Containing a third, or one part to three.</def>  <i>Bp.
Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*trip"li*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>Expressed by the cube root; -- said especially of
ratios.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Subtriplicate ratio</b></col>, <cd>the ratio of the cube
root; thus, the <i>subtriplicate ratio</i> of <i>a</i> to <i>b</i> is
&cuberoot;<i>a</i> to &cuberoot;<i>b</i>, or
&cuberoot;<fract><i>a</i>/<i>b</i></fract>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sub*trop"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nearly
tropical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*trude"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Subtruded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Subtruding</u>.] [Pref. <i>sub-</i> + L. <i>trudere</i> to thrust.]
<def>To place under; to insert.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub`tur*ric"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Somewhat turriculate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*tu"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An under
tutor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*typ"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Deviating somewhat from the type of a
species, genus, or other group; slightly aberrant.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Su"bu*late</hw> (?), <hw>Su"bu*la`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. <i>subulatus</i>, fr. L. <i>subula</i> an
awl.] <def>Very narrow, and tapering gradually to a fine point from a
broadish base; awl-shaped; linear.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Su`bu*li*cor"nes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from L. <i>subula</i> an awl + <i>cornu</i> horn.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A division of insects having slender or subulate antenn&aelig;.
The dragon flies and May flies are examples.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"bu*li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Subulate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"bu*li*palp`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>subula</i>
an awl + E. <i>palp</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a group of
carabid beetles having slender palpi.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`um*bo"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Beneath or forward of the umbos of a bivalve
shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`um*brel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The integument of the under surface of the
bell, or disk-shaped body, of a jellyfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`un*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub-
</i> + L. <i>unda</i> a wave.] <def>A flood; a deluge.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Huloet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*un"gual</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Under the nail
or hoof.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"urb</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>suburbium</i>;
<i>sub</i> under, below, near + <i>urbs</i> a city. See <u>Urban</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An outlying part of a city or town; a smaller
place immediately adjacent to a city; in the plural, the region which
is on the confines of any city or large town; as, a house stands in
the <i>suburbs</i>; a garden situated in the <i>suburbs</i> of
Paris.</def> "In the <i>suburbs</i> of a town."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[London] could hardly have contained less than thirty
or forty thousand souls within its walls; and the <i>suburbs</i> were
very populous.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, the confines; the outer part; the
environment.</def> "The <i>suburbs</i> . . . of sorrow."  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>suburb</i> of their straw-built
citadel.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Suburb roister</b></col>, <cd>a rowdy; a loafer.</cd>
[Obs.] <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ur"ban</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suburbanus</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to suburbs; inhabiting, or
being in, the suburbs of a city.</def> "<i>Suburban</i> taverns."
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Suburban</i> villas, highway-side retreats, . . .
<BR>
Delight the citizen.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ur"ban</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who dwells in
the suburbs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"urbed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a suburb
or suburbs on its outer part.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub*ur"bi*al</hw> (?), <hw>Sub*ur"bi*an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Suburban.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Suburbial</i>
fields." <i>Warton.</i> "<i>Suburbian</i> muse." <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub*ur`bi*ca"ri*an</hw> (?), <hw>Sub*ur"bi*ca*ry</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>suburbicarius</i>, equiv. to L.
<i>suburbanus</i>: cf. F. <i>suburbicaire</i>. See <u>Suburban</u>.]
<def>Being in the suburbs; -- applied to the six dioceses in the
suburbs of Rome subject to the pope as bishop of Rome.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pope having stretched his authority beyond the
bounds of his <i>suburbicarian</i> precincts.</blockquote>
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`u*re"thral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under the urethra, or under its orifice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*vag"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under or inside a sheath or vaginal membrane; as, the
<i>subvaginal</i>, or subdural, spaces about the optic
nerve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`va*ri"e*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-ties</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A subordinate variety, or a
division of a variety.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*vene"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Subvened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Subvening</u>.] [Pref. <i>sub-</i> + L. <i>venire</i> to come. See
<u>Subvention</u>.] <def>To come under, as a support or stay; to
happen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A future state must needs <i>subvene</i> to prevent the
whole edifice from falling into ruin.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`ven*ta"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub-
</i> + L. <i>ventus</i> wind.] <def>Produced by the wind.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*ven"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL.
<i>subventio</i>, fr. L. <i>subvenire</i> to come up to one's
assistance, to assist. See <u>Souvenir</u>, and cf. <u>Subvene</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of coming under.</def> "The
<i>subvention</i> of a cloud."  <i>Stackhouse.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of relieving, as of a burden;
support; aid; assistance; help.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A government aid or bounty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ven"tion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
subventionize.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ven"tion*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To come
to the aid of; to subsidize; to support.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`ven*ti"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Helping;
aiding; supporting.</def>  <i>Urquhart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*verse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subversus</i>, p. p. of <i>subvertere</i>. See <u>Subvert</u>.]
<def>To subvert.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ver"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subversio</i>: cf. F. <i>subversion</i>. See <u>Subvert</u>.]
<def>The act of overturning, or the state of being overturned; entire
overthrow; an overthrow from the foundation; utter ruin; destruction;
as, the <i>subversion</i> of a government; the <i>subversion</i> of
despotic power; the <i>subversion</i> of the constitution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>subversion</i> [by a storm] of woods and timber
. . . through my whole estate.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Laws have been often abused to the oppression and
<i>subversion</i> of that order they were intended to
preserve.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ver"sion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Promoting
destruction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ver"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>subversif</i>.] <def>Tending to subvert; having a tendency to
overthrow and ruin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lying is a vice <i>subversive</i> of the very ends and
design of conversation.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*vert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Subverted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Subverting</u>.] [L. <i>subvertere</i>, <i>subversum</i>;
<i>sub</i> under + <i>vertere</i> to turn: cf. F. <i>subvertir</i>.
See <u>Verse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To overturn from the
foundation; to overthrow; to ruin utterly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These are his substance, sinews, arms, and
strength,<BR>
With which he yoketh your rebellious necks,<BR>
Razeth your cities, and <i>subverts</i> your towns.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This would <i>subvert</i> the principles of all
knowledge.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pervert, as the mind, and turn it from
the truth; to corrupt; to confound.</def>  <i>2 Tim. iii. 14.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To overturn; overthrow; destroy; invert; reverse;
extinguish.</p>

<p><hw>Sub*vert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To overthrow
anything from the foundation; to be subversive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They have a power given to them like that of the evil
principle, to <i>subvert</i> and destroy.</blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Sub*vert"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Reversed.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*ver"te*bral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated beneath, or on the ventral side of, the vertebral
column; situated beneath, or inside of, the endoskeleton; hypaxial;
hyposkeletal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*vert"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, subverts; an overthrower.</def>  <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*vert"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
subverted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*vi"tal*ized</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Imperfectly
vitalized; having naturally but little vital power or
energy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*vo"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Subtonic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An underground way
or gallery; especially, a passage under a street, in which water
mains, gas mains, telegraph wires, etc., are conducted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*work"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A subordinate
worker or helper.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*zon"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under a zone, or zona; -- applied to a membrane between
the zona radiata and the umbilical vesicle in the mammal
embryo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*zyg`o*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under the zygoma or zygomatic process.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc"cade</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>succus</i>,
<i>sucus</i>, juice: cf. F. <i>succade</i> a sugarbox.  Cf.
<u>Sucket</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sweetmeat.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>Sweetmeats, or
preserves in sugar, whether fruit, vegetables, or confections.</def>
<i>Blakely.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Succade gourd</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>Same as
<i>Vegetable marrow</i>, under <u>Vegetable</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Suc"ce*dane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
succedaneum.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Suc`ce*da"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>succedaneus</i>. See <u>Succeed</u>.] <def>Pertaining to, or acting
as, a succedaneum; supplying the place of something else; being, or
employed as, a substitute for another.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suc`ce*da"ne*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Succedanea</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Succedaneous</u>.]
<def>One who, or that which, succeeds to the place of another; that
which is used for something else; a substitute</def>; specifically
<i>(Med.)</i>, <def>a remedy used as a substitute for
another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In lieu of me, you will have a very charming
<i>succedaneum</i>, Lady Harriet Stanhope.</blockquote>
<i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suc*ceed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Succeeded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Succeeding</u>.] [L. <i>succedere</i>, <i>successum</i>; <i>sub</i>
under + <i>cedere</i> to go, to go along, approach, follow, succeed:
cf. F. <i>succ&eacute;der</i>. See <u>Cede</u>, and cf.
<u>Success</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To follow in order; to come
next after; hence, to take the place of; as, the king's eldest son
<i>succeeds</i> his father on the throne; autumn <i>succeeds</i>
summer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As he saw him nigh <i>succeed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fall heir to; to inherit.</def> [Obs. &
R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To come after; to be subsequent or
consequent to; to follow; to pursue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Destructive effects . . . <i>succeeded</i> the
curse.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To support; to prosper; to promote.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Succeed</i> my wish and second my
design.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suc*ceed"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To come in the place of another person, thing, or event; to come
next in the usual, natural, or prescribed course of things; to follow;
hence, to come next in the possession of anything; -- often with
<i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the father left only daughters, they equally
<i>succeeded</i> to him in copartnership.</blockquote> <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Enjoy till I return<BR>
Short pleasures; for long woes are to <i>succeed</i>!</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: To ascend the throne after
the removal the death of the occupant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No woman shall <i>succeed</i> in Salique
land.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To descend, as an estate or an heirloom, in
the same family; to devolve.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To obtain the object desired; to accomplish
what is attempted or intended; to have a prosperous issue or
termination; to be successful; as, he <i>succeeded</i> in his plans;
his plans <i>succeeded</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is almost impossible for poets to <i>succeed</i>
without ambition.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Spenser endeavored it in Shepherd's Kalendar; but
neither will it <i>succeed</i> in English.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To go under cover.</def> [A latinism.
Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Will you to the cooler cave
<i>succeed</i>!</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To follow; pursue. See <u>Follow</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Suc*ceed"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Succeeding one another; following.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc*ceed"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
successor.</def>  <i>Shak. Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suc*ceed"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of one
who, or that which, succeeds; also, that which succeeds, or follows
after; consequence.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suc"cen*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., an accompanier
in singing, fr. <i>succinere</i> to sing, to accompany; <i>sub</i>
under, after + <i>canere</i> to sing.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A
subchanter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc*cess"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>successus</i>:
cf. F. <i>succ&egrave;s</i>. See <u>Succeed</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Act of succeeding; succession.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Then all the sons of these five brethren reigned<BR>
By due <i>success</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which comes after; hence, consequence,
issue, or result, of an endeavor or undertaking, whether good or bad;
the outcome of effort.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men . . . that are like to do that, that is committed
to them, and to report back again faithfully the
<i>success</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Perplexed and troubled at his bad <i>success</i><BR>
The tempter stood.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The favorable or prosperous termination of
anything attempted; the attainment of a proposed object; prosperous
issue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dream of <i>success</i> and happy victory!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Or teach with more <i>success</i> her son<BR>
The vices of the time to shun.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Military <i>successes</i>, above all others, elevate
the minds of a people.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which meets with, or one who
accomplishes, favorable results, as a play or a player.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><! p. 1439 !></p>

<p><hw>Suc"ces*sa*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Succession.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My peculiar honors, not derived<BR>
From <i>successary</i>, but purchased with my blood.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suc*cess"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resulting in
success; assuring, or promotive of, success; accomplishing what was
proposed; having the desired effect; hence, prosperous; fortunate;
happy; as, a <i>successful</i> use of medicine; a <i>successful</i>
experiment; a <i>successful</i> enterprise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Welcome, nephews, from <i>successful</i>
wars.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Happy; prosperous; fortunate; auspicious; lucky. See
<u>Fortunate</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Suc*cess"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Suc*cess"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Suc*ces"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>successio</i>: cf. F. <i>succession</i>. See <u>Succeed</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of succeeding, or following after; a
following of things in order of time or place, or a series of things
so following; sequence; as, a <i>succession</i> of good crops; a
<i>succession</i> of disasters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A series of persons or things according to
some established rule of precedence; as, a <i>succession</i> of kings,
or of bishops; a <i>succession</i> of events in chronology.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was in the <i>succession</i> to an
earldom.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An order or series of descendants; lineage;
race; descent.</def> "A long <i>succession</i> must ensue."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The power or right of succeeding to the
station or title of a father or other predecessor; the right to enter
upon the office, rank, position, etc., held ny another; also, the
entrance into the office, station, or rank of a predecessor;
specifically, the succeeding, or right of succeeding, to a
throne.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You have the voice of the king himself for your
<i>succession</i> in Denmark.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The animosity of these factions did not really arise
from the dispute about the <i>succession</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The right to enter upon the possession of
the property of an ancestor, or one near of kin, or one preceding in
an established order.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The person succeeding to rank or office; a
successor or heir.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Apostolical succession</b></col>. <i>(Theol.)</i> <cd>See
under <u>Apostolical</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Succession duty</b></col>,
<cd>a tax imposed on every succession to property, according to its
value and the relation of the person who succeeds to the previous
owner.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>Succession of crops</b></col>.
<i>(Agric.)</i> <cd>See <i>Rotation of crops</i>, under
<u>Rotation</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Suc*ces"sion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a succession; existing in a regular order;
consecutive.</def> "<i>Successional</i> teeth." <i>Flower.</i> --
<wf>Suc*ces"sion*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Suc*ces"sion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person who
insists on the importance of a regular succession of events, offices,
etc.; especially <i>(Eccl.)</i>, one who insists that apostolic
succession alone is valid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc*ces"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>successif</i>. See <u>Succeed</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Following in order or in uninterrupted course; coming after
without interruption or interval; following one after another in a
line or series; consecutive; as, the <i>successive</i> revolution of
years; the <i>successive</i> kings of Egypt; <i>successive</i> strokes
of a hammer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Send the <i>successive</i> ills through ages
down.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having or giving the right of succeeding to
an inheritance; inherited by succession; hereditary; as, a
<i>successive</i> title; a <i>successive</i> empire.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Successive induction</b></col>. <i>(Math.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Induction</u>, 5.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Suc*ces"sive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
successive manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The whiteness, at length, changed <i>successively</i>
into blue, indigo, and violet.</blockquote> <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suc*ces"sive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being successive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc*cess"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
success.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Successless</i> all her soft caresses
prove.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Suc*cess"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Suc*cess"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Suc*ces"sor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>successour</i>, OF. <i>successur</i>, <i>successor</i>, F.
<i>successeur</i>, L. <i>successor</i>. See <u>Succeed</u>.] <def>One
who succeeds or follows; one who takes the place which another has
left, and sustains the like part or character; -- correlative to
<i>predecessor</i>; as, the <i>successor</i> of a deceased king.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A gift to a corporation, either of lands or of
chattels, without naming their <i>successors</i>, vests an absolute
property in them so lond as the corporation subsists.</blockquote>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suc*cid"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>succiduus</i>, fr. <i>succidere</i> to fall under.] <def>Ready to
fall; falling.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Suc*cif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>succus</i>, <i>sucus</i>, juice, sap + <i>-ferous</i>.]
<def>Producing or conveying sap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc`cin*am"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of succinamic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc`cin*am"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid amide derivative of
succinic acid, obtained as a white crystalline substance, and forming
a series of salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc"ci*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>succinum</i>,
<i>sucinum</i>, amber, from <i>succus</i>, <i>sucus</i>, juice, sap:
cf. F. <i>succinate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of succinic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc*cinct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>succinctus</i>, p. p. of <i>succingere</i> to gird below or from
below, to tuck up; <i>sub + cingere</i> to gird.  Cf.
<u>Cincture</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Girded or tucked up; bound;
drawn tightly together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His habit fit for speed <i>succinct</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Compressed into a narrow compass; brief;
concise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let all your precepts be <i>succinct</i> and
clear.</blockquote> <i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The shortest and most <i>succinct</i> model that ever
grasped all the needs and necessities of mankind.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Short; brief; concise; summary; compendious;
laconic; terse.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Suc*cinct"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Suc*cinct"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Suc*cin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>succinique</i>. See <u>Succinate</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, amber; specif., designating a
dibasic acid, C&?;H&?;.(CO&?;H)&?;, first obtained by the dry
distillation of amber. It is found in a number of plants, as in
lettuce and wormwood, and is also produced artificially as a white
crystalline substance having a slightly acid taste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc`cin*im"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A white crystalline nitrogenous substance,
C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>.(CO)<sub>2</sub>.NH, obtained by treating
succinic anhydride with ammonia gas. It is a typical imido acid, and
forms a series of salts. See <i>Imido acid</i>, under
<u>Imido</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc"ci*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>succinite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Amber.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A garnet of an amber color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc"ci*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>succinum</i> amber.] <def>Succinic.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Suc`cin*u"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of succinuric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc`cin*u"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, an acid amide, analogous to
succinamic acid, which is obtained as a white crystalline substance by
heating urea with succinic anhydride. It is known also in its
salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc"cin*yl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Succin</i>ic +
<i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hypothetical radical characteristic
of succinic acid and certain of its derivatives.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc*cise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Succision</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Appearing as if a part were cut
off at the extremity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc*ci"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>succisio</i>,
fr. <i>succidere</i>, <i>succisum</i>, to cut away below, <i>sub</i>
under + <i>caedere</i> to cut.] <def>The act of cutting down, as of
trees; the act of cutting off.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Suc"cor</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Succored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Succoring</u>.] [OE. <i>socouren</i>, OF. <i>sucurre</i>,
<i>soucourre</i>, <i>secorre</i>, F. <i>secourir</i>, L.
<i>succurrere</i>, <i>succursum</i>, to run under, run to the aid of,
help, succor; <i>sub</i> under + <i>currere</i> to run. See
<u>Current</u>.] <def>To run to, or run to support; hence, to help or
relieve when in difficulty, want, or distress; to assist and deliver
from suffering; to relieve; as, to <i>succor</i> a besieged
city.</def> [Written also <i>succour</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He is able to <i>succor</i> them that are
tempted.</blockquote> <i>Heb. ii. 18.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To aid; assist; relieve; deliver; help; comfort.</p>

<p><hw>Suc"cor</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>socours</i>,
<i>sucurs</i>, OF. <i>sucurs</i>, <i>socors</i>, <i>secors</i>, F.
<i>secours</i>, L. <i>succursus</i>, fr. L. <i>succurrere</i>. See
<u>Succor</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Aid;
help; assistance; esp., assistance that relieves and delivers from
difficulty, want, or distress.</def> "We beseech mercy and
<i>succor</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My noble father . . . <BR>
Flying for <i>succor</i> to his servant Bannister.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The person or thing that brings
relief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This mighty <i>succor</i>, which made glad the
foe.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suc"cor*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being succored or assisted; admitting of relief.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc"cor*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who affords
succor; a helper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc"cor*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
succor.</def>  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suc"co*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted from
<i>chicory</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the genus
<i>Cichorium</i>. See <u>Chicory</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc"co*tash</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Narragansett Indian
<i>m'sickquatash</i> corn boiled whole.] <def>Green maize and beans
boiled together. The dish is borrowed from the native Indians.</def>
[Written also <i>suckatash</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Suc`co*teague"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The squeteague.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Suc"cu*ba</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Succub&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. L. <i>succubare</i> to
lie under; <i>sub</i> under + <i>cubare</i> to lie down; cf. L.
<i>succuba</i>, <i>succubo</i>, one who lies under another.] <def>A
female demon or fiend. See <u>Succubus</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though seeming in shape a woman natural<BR>
Was a fiend of the kind that <i>succub&aelig;</i> some
call.</blockquote> <i>Mir. for Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suc"cu*bine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to succuba.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc"cu*bous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Succuba</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the leaves so placed that
the upper part of each one is covered by the base of the next higher
leaf, as in hepatic mosses of the genus <i>Plagiochila</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Suc"cu*bus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Succubi</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Succuba</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A demon or fiend; especially, a lascivious
spirit supposed to have sexual intercourse with the men by night; a
succuba.  Cf. <u>Incubus</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The nightmare. See
<u>Nightmare</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc"cu*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sucula</i> a
winch, windlass, capstan.] <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A bare axis or cylinder
with staves or levers in it to turn it round, but without any
drum.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Suc"cu*lence</hw> (?), <hw>Suc"cu*len*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Succulent</u>.] <def>The quality or
condition of being succulent; juiciness; as, the <i>succulence</i> of
a peach.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc"cu*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>succulentus</i>, <i>suculentus</i>, fr. <i>succus</i>,
<i>sucus</i>, juice; perhaps akin to E. <i>suck</i>: cf. F.
<i>succulent</i>.] <def>Full of juice; juicy.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Succulent</b></col><cd> plants <i>(Bot.)</i>, plants which
have soft and juicy leaves or stems, as the houseleek, the live
forever, and the species of Mesembryanthemum.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Suc"cu*lent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a succulent
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc"cu*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Succulent;
juicy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Suc*cumb"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Succumbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Succumbing</u>.] [L. <i>succumbere</i>; <i>sub</i> under +
<i>cumbere</i> (in comp.), akin to <i>cubare</i> to lie down. See
<u>Incumbent</u>, <u>Cubit</u>.] <def>To yield; to submit; to give up
unresistingly; as, to <i>succumb</i> under calamities; to
<i>succumb</i> to disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc*cum"bent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>succumbens</i>, p. pr.] <def>Submissive; yielding.</def> [R.]
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suc*cur"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>succursale</i>. See <u>Succor</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> &
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Serving to aid or help; serving as a
chapel of ease; tributary.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Not a city was without its cathedral, surrounded by its
<i>succursal</i> churches, its monasteries, and convents.</blockquote>
<i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Suc"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Succi</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The expressed juice
of a plant, for medicinal use.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Succus entericus</b></col> (&?;). [NL., literally, juice
of the intestines.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <cd>A fluid secreted in small by
certain glands (probably the glands of Lieberk&uuml;hn) of the small
intestines. Its exact action is somewhat doubtful.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Suc`cus*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>succussare</i> to jolt, v. intens. fr. <i>succutere</i>,
<i>succussum</i>, to fling up from below, to toss up; <i>sub</i> under
+ <i>quatere</i> to shake.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A trot or
trotting.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A shaking; succussion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc*cus"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>succussio</i>, from <i>succutere</i>: cf. F. <i>succussion</i>. See
<u>Succussation</u>.] <def>The act of shaking; a shake; esp.
<i>(Med.)</i>, a shaking of the body to ascertain if there be a liquid
in the thorax.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc*cus"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characterized
by a shaking motion, especially an up and down movement, and not
merely tremulous oscillation; as, the <i>succussive</i> motion in
earthquakes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Such</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>such</i>,
<i>sich</i>, <i>sech</i>, <i>sik</i>, <i>swich</i>, <i>swilch</i>,
<i>swulch</i>, <i>swilc</i>, <i>swulc</i>, AS. <i>swelc</i>,
<i>swilc</i>, <i>swylc</i>; akin to OFries. <i>selik</i>, D.
<i>zulk</i>, OS. <i>sulic</i>, OHG. <i>sulih</i>, <i>solih</i>, G.
<i>solch</i>, Icel. <i>sl&imacr;kr</i>, OSw. <i>salik</i>, Sw.
<i>slik</i>, Dan. <i>slig</i>, Goth. <i>swaleiks</i>; originally
meaning, so shaped. &radic;192. See <u>So</u>, <u>Like</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Which</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of that kind; of the like kind; like; resembling; similar; as, we
never saw <i>such</i> a day; -- followed by <i>that</i> or <i>as</i>
introducing the word or proposition which defines the similarity, or
the standard of comparison; as, the books are not <i>such</i> that I
can recommend them, or, not <i>such</i> as I can recommend; these
apples are not <i>such</i> as those we saw yesterday; give your
children <i>such</i> precepts as tend to make them better.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And in his time <i>such</i> a conqueror<BR>
That greater was there none under the sun.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His misery was <i>such</i> that none of the bystanders
could refrain from weeping.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The indefinite article <i>a</i> or <i>an</i> never precedes
<i>such</i>, but is placed between it and the noun to which it refers;
as, <i>such a</i> man; <i>such an</i> honor. The indefinite adjective
<i>some</i>, <i>several</i>, <i>one</i>, <i>few</i>, <i>many</i>,
<i>all</i>, etc., precede <i>such</i>; as, one <i>such</i> book is
enough; all <i>such</i> people ought to be avoided; few <i>such</i>
ideas were then held.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the particular quality or character
specified.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That thou art happy, owe to God;<BR>
That thou continuest <i>such</i>, owe to thyself.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The same that; -- with <i>as</i>; as, this
was the state of the kingdom at <i>such</i> time as the enemy
landed.</def> "[It] hath <i>such</i> senses as we have."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Certain; -- representing the object as
already particularized in terms which are not mentioned.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In rushed one and tells him <i>such</i> a knight<BR>
Is new arrived.</blockquote> <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To-day or to-morrow we will go into <i>such</i> a city,
and continue there a year.</blockquote> <i>James iv. 13.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Such</i> is used pronominally. "He was the father of
<i>such</i> as dwell in tents." <i>Gen. iv. 20.</i> "<i>Such</i> as I
are free in spirit when our limbs are chained." <i>Sir W. Scott.</i>
<i>Such</i> is also used before adjectives joined to substantives; as,
the fleet encountered <i>such</i> a terrible storm that it put back.
"Everything was managed with so much care, and <i>such</i> excellent
order was observed." <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Temple sprung from a family which . . . long after his
death produced so many eminent men, and formed <i>such</i>
distinguished alliances, that, etc.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><i>Such</i> is used emphatically, without the correlative.</p>

<p><blockquote>Now will he be mocking:<BR>
I shall have <i>such</i> a life.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><i>Such</i> was formerly used with numerals in the sense of
<i>times as much</i> or <i>as many</i>; as, <i>such ten</i>, or ten
times as many.</p>

<p><col><b>Such and such</b></col>, or <col><b>Such or such</b></col>,
<cd>certain; some; -- used to represent the object indefinitely, as
already particularized in one way or another, or as being of one kind
or another.</cd> "In <i>such and such</i> a place shall be my camp."
<i>2 Kings vi. 8.</i> "Sovereign authority may enact a law commanding
<i>such and such</i> an action." <i>South.</i> -- <col><b>Such
like</b></col> or <col><b>character</b></col>, <cd>of the like
kind.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>And many other <i>such like</i> things ye
do.</blockquote> <i>Mark vii. 8.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`cho*spon"dy*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
crocodile + &?; a vertebra.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having dorsal
vertebr&aelig; with long and divided transverse processes; -- applied
to certain reptiles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Such"wise`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a such a
manner; so.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suck</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sucked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sucking</u>.] [OE. <i>suken</i>, <i>souken</i>, AS. <i>s&?;can</i>,
<i>s&?;gan</i>; akin to D. <i>zuigen</i>, G. <i>saugen</i>, OHG.
<i>s&?;gan</i>, Icel. <i>s&?;ga</i>, <i>sj&?;ga</i>, Sw. <i>suga</i>,
Dan. <i>suge</i>, L. <i>sugere</i>.  Cf. <u>Honeysuckle</u>,
<u>Soak</u>, <u>Succulent</u>, <u>Suction</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To draw, as a liquid, by the action of the mouth and tongue,
which tends to produce a vacuum, and causes the liquid to rush in by
atmospheric pressure; to draw, or apply force to, by exhausting the
air.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw liquid from by the action of the
mouth; as, to <i>suck</i> an orange; specifically, to draw milk from
(the mother, the breast, etc.) with the mouth; as, the young of an
animal <i>sucks</i> the mother, or dam; an infant <i>sucks</i> the
breast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To draw in, or imbibe, by any process
resembles sucking; to inhale; to absorb; as, to <i>suck</i> in air;
the roots of plants <i>suck</i> water from the ground.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To draw or drain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Old ocean, <i>sucked</i> through the porous
globe.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To draw in, as a whirlpool; to swallow
up.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As waters are by whirlpools <i>sucked</i> and
drawn.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To suck in</b></col>, <cd>to draw into the mouth; to
imbibe; to absorb.</cd> -- <col><b>To suck out</b></col>, <cd>to draw
out with the mouth; to empty by suction.</cd> -- <col><b>To suck
up</b></col>, <cd>to draw into the mouth; to draw up by suction or
absorption.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Suck</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
draw, or attempt to draw, something by suction, as with the mouth, or
through a tube.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where the bee <i>sucks</i>, there <i>suck</i>
I.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw milk from the breast or udder; as,
a child, or the young of an animal, is first nourished by
<i>sucking</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To draw in; to imbibe; to partake.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>The crown had <i>sucked</i> too hard, and now, being
full, was like to draw less.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suck</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of drawing with the mouth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is drawn into the mouth by
sucking; specifically, mikl drawn from the breast.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small draught.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Juice; succulence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Suck"an*hock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of American Indian
origin.] <def>A kind of seawan. See Note under
<u>Seawan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suck"a*tash</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Succotash</u>.</def>  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suck"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Socome</u>,
<u>Soc</u>.] <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>The jurisdiction of a mill, or
that extent of ground astricted to it, the tenants of which are bound
to bring their grain thither to be ground.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1440 !></p>

<p><hw>Suck"er</hw> (s&ubreve;k"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, sucks; esp., one of
the organs by which certain animals, as the octopus and remora, adhere
to other bodies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A suckling; a sucking animal.</def>
<i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The embolus, or bucket, of a pump; also,
the valve of a pump basket.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A pipe through which anything is
drawn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A small piece of leather, usually round,
having a string attached to the center, which, when saturated with
water and pressed upon a stone or other body having a smooth surface,
adheres, by reason of the atmospheric pressure, with such force as to
enable a considerable weight to be thus lifted by the string; -- used
by children as a plaything.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A shoot from the roots or
lower part of the stem of a plant; -- so called, perhaps, from
diverting nourishment from the body of the plant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any
one of numerous species of North American fresh-water cyprinoid fishes
of the family <i>Catostomid&aelig;</i>; so called because the lips are
protrusile. The flesh is coarse, and they are of little value as food.
The most common species of the Eastern United States are the northern
sucker (<i>Catostomus Commersoni</i>), the white sucker (<i>C.
teres</i>), the hog sucker (<i>C. nigricans</i>), and the chub, or
sweet sucker (<i>Erimyzon sucetta</i>). Some of the large Western
species are called <i>buffalo fish</i>, <i>red horse</i>, <i>black
horse</i>, and <i>suckerel</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
remora.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The lumpfish.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The hagfish, or myxine.</def>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>A California food fish (<i>Menticirrus
undulatus</i>) closely allied to the kingfish <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>; --
called also <i>bagre</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A parasite; a sponger. See def. 6,
above.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They who constantly converse with men far above their
estates shall reap shame and loss thereby; if thou payest nothing,
they will count thee a <i>sucker</i>, no branch.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A hard drinker; a soaker.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A greenhorn; one easily gulled.</def>
[Slang, U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>A nickname applied to a native of
Illinois.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Carp sucker</b></col>, <col><b>Cherry sucker</b></col>,
<cd>etc. See under <u>Carp</u>, <u>Cherry</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Sucker fish</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Sucking fish</i>, under
<u>Sucking</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sucker rod</b></col>, <cd>a pump rod.
See under <u>Pump</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sucker tube</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of the external ambulacral tubes of an
echinoderm, -- usually terminated by a sucker and used for locomotion.
Called also <i>sucker foot</i>. See <u>Spatangoid</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Suck"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Suckered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Suckering</u>.] <def>To strip off the suckers or shoots from; to
deprive of suckers; as, to <i>sucker</i> maize.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suck"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To form suckers; as,
corn <i>suckers</i> abundantly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suck"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Suck</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Succades</u>.] <def>A sweetmeat; a dainty
morsel.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suck"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A sucker fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suck"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Drawing milk from the
mother or dam; hence, colloquially, young, inexperienced, as, a
<i>sucking</i> infant; a <i>sucking</i> calf.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I suppose you are a young barrister, <i>sucking</i>
lawyer, or that sort of thing.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sucking bottle</b></col>, <cd>a feeding bottle. See under
<u>Bottle</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sucking fish</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the remora. See <u>Remora</u>.</cd>
<i>Baird.</i> -- <col><b>Sucking pump</b></col>, <cd>a suction pump.
See under <u>Suction</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sucking stomach</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the muscular first stomach of certain insects
and other invertebrates which suck liquid food.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Suc"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A teat.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suc"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Suckled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Suckling</u> (?).] [Freq. of <i>suck</i>.] <def>To give suck to; to
nurse at the breast.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The breasts of Hecuba<BR>
When she did <i>suckle</i> Hector, looked not lovelier.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They are not weak, <i>suckled</i> by
Wisdom.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suc"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To nurse; to
suck.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Suc"kler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An animal that suckles its young; a mammal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suck"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sokeling</i>.
See <u>Suck</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
young child or animal nursed at the breast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small kind of yellow clover (<i>Trifolium
filiforme</i>) common in Southern Europe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"crate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
compound of sucrose (or of some related carbohydrate) with some base,
after the analogy of a salt; as, sodium <i>sucrate</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Su"cre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A silver coin of
Ecuador, worth 68 cents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"crose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sucre</i>
sugar. See <u>Sugar</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A common variety of
sugar found in the juices of many plants, as the sugar cane, sorghum,
sugar maple, beet root, etc. It is extracted as a sweet, white
crystalline substance which is valuable as a food product, and, being
antiputrescent, is largely used in the preservation of fruit. Called
also <i>saccharose</i>, <i>cane sugar</i>, etc. By extension, any one
of the class of isomeric substances (as <i>lactose</i>,
<i>maltose</i>, etc.) of which sucrose proper is the type.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Sucrose proper is a dextrorotatory carbohydrate,
C<sub>12</sub>H<sub>22</sub>O<sub>11</sub>. It does not reduce
Fehling's solution, and though not directly fermentable, yet on
standing with yeast it is changed by the diastase present to invert
sugar (<i>dextrose</i> and <i>levulose</i>), which then breaks down to
alcohol and carbon dioxide. It is also decomposed to invert sugar by
heating with acids, whence it is also called a <i>disaccharate</i>.
Sucrose possesses at once the properties of an alcohol and a ketone,
and also forms compounds (called <i>sucrates</i>) analogous to salts.
Cf. <u>Sugar</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Suc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sugere</i>,
<i>suctum</i>, to suck; cf. OF. <i>suction</i>. See <u>Suck</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>The act or process of sucking; the act
of drawing, as fluids, by exhausting the air.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Suction chamber</b></col>, <cd>the chamber of a pump into
which the suction pipe delivers.</cd> -- <col><b>Suction
pipe</b></col>, <col><b>Suction valve</b></col>, <cd>the induction
pipe, and induction valve, of a pump, respectively.</cd> --
<col><b>Suction pump</b></col>, <cd>the common pump, in which the
water is raised into the barrel by atmospheric pressure.  See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Pump</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Suc*to"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Suction</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An order
of Infusoria having the body armed with somewhat stiff, tubular
processes which they use as suckers in obtaining their food. They are
usually stalked.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Rhizocephala</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sugere</i>,
<i>suctum</i>, to suck.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Adapted for sucking; living by sucking; as, the humming birds are
<i>suctorial</i> birds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Capable of adhering by
suction; as, the <i>suctorial</i> fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc*to"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A cartilaginous fish with a mouth adapted for
suction, as the lampery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
Suctoria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc*to"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Suctorial.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Su*dam"i*na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl</i></pos>, sing.
<singw><b>Sudamen</b></singw> (&?;). [NL. <i>sudamen</i>, <i>-
inis</i>, fr. <i>sudare</i> to sweat. See <u>Sweat</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Minute vesicles surrounded by an area of reddened skin, produced
by excessive sweating.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Su*da"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a
handkerchief.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The handkerchief upon which the
Savior is said to have impressed his own portrait miraculously, when
wiping his face with it, as he passed to the crucifixion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"da*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sudarium</i>,
fr. <i>sudare</i> to sweat. See <u>Sweat</u>.] <def>A napkin or
handkerchief.</def> [Obs. or R.]  <i>Wyclif. R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sudatio</i>,
fr. <i>sudare</i> to sweat: cf. F. <i>sudation</i>.] <def>A
sweating.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Su`da*to"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sudatoria</b></plw> (#). [L.] <def>A sudatory.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"da*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sudatorius</i>, fr. <i>sudare</i> to sweat: cf. F.
<i>sudatoire</i>. See <u>Sweat</u>.] <def>Sweating;
perspiring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"da*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sudatories</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>sudatorium</i>.] <def>A
bagnio; a sweating bath; a vapor bath.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These <i>sudatories</i> are much in request for many
infirmities.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sud"den</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sodian</i>,
<i>sodein</i>, OF. <i>sodain</i>, <i>sudain</i>, F. <i>soudain</i>, L.
<i>subitaneus</i>, fr. <i>subitus</i> sudden, that has come
unexpectedly, p. p. of <i>subire</i> to come on, to steal upon;
<i>sub</i> under, secretly + <i>ire</i> to go. See <u>Issue</u>, and
cf. <u>Subitaneous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Happening without
previous notice or with very brief notice; coming unexpectedly, or
without the common preparation; immediate; instant; speedy.</def> "O
<i>sudden</i> wo!" <i>Chaucer.</i> "For fear of <i>sudden</i> death."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sudden</i> fear troubleth thee.</blockquote> <i>Job
xxii. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hastly prepared or employed; quick;
rapid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Never was such a <i>sudden</i> scholar
made.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The apples of Asphaltis, appearing goodly to the
<i>sudden</i> eye.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hasty; violent; rash; precipitate.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Unexpected; unusual; abrupt; unlooked-for.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Sud"den*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sud"den*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sud"den</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Suddenly;
unexpectedly.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Herbs of every leaf that <i>sudden</i>
flowered.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sud"den</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An unexpected
occurrence; a surprise.</def></p>

<p><col><b>All of a sudden</b></col>, <col><b>On a sudden</b></col>,
<col><b>Of a sudden</b></col>, <cd>sooner than was expected; without
the usual preparation; suddenly.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>How art thou lost! how <i>on a sudden</i>
lost!</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He withdrew his opposition <i>all of a
sudden</i>.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sud"den*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>soudainet&eacute;</i>.] <def>Suddenness; a sudden.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><col><b>On a suddenty</b></col>, <cd>on a sudden.</cd> [Scot.]
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"dor*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sudor</i>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to sweat; as, <i>sudoral</i>
eruptions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`dor*if"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sudor</i> sweat + <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Producing, or secreting, sweat; sudoriparous.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sudoriferous glands</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>small
convoluted tubular glands which are situated in the subcutaneous
tissues and discharge by minute orifices in the surface of the skin;
the sweat glands.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Su`dor*if"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sudor</i>
sweat (akin to E. <i>sweat</i>) + <i>facere</i> to make.] <def>Causing
sweat; as, <i>sudorific</i> herbs.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A sudorific medicine.  Cf. <u>Diaphoretic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`dor*ip"a*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sudor</i> sweat + <i>parere</i> to produce.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Sudoriferous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"dor*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sudorus</i>,
fr. <i>sudor</i> sweat.] <def>Consisting of sweat.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Su"dra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>&ccedil;&?;dra</i>.] <def>The lowest of the four great castes among
the Hindoos. See <u>Caste</u>.</def> [Written also <i>Soorah</i>,
<i>Soodra</i>, and <i>Sooder</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Suds</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Akin to <i>sodden</i>,
<i>seethe</i>. See <u>Seethe</u>.] <def>Water impregnated with soap,
esp. when worked up into bubbles and froth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In the suds</b></col>, <cd>in turmoil or difficulty.</cd>
[Colloq.] <i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sue</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sued</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Suing</u> (?).] [OE. <i>suen</i>, <i>sewen</i>, <i>siwen</i>, OF.
<i>sivre</i> (pres.ind. 3d sing. il <i>siut</i>, <i>suit</i>, he
follows, nous <i>sevons</i> we follow), LL. <i>sequere</i>, for L.
<i>sequi</i>, <i>secutus</i>; akin to Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>sac</i> to
accompany, and probably to E. <i>see</i>, v.t. See <u>See</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Consequence</u>, <u>Ensue</u>,
<u>Execute</u>, <u>Obsequious</u>, <u>Pursue</u>, <u>Second</u>,
<u>Sect</u> in religion, <u>Sequence</u>, <u>Suit</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To follow up; to chase; to seek after; to
endeavor to win; to woo.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For yet there was no man that haddle him
<i>sued</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I was beloved of many a gentle knight,<BR>
And <i>sued</i> and sought with all the service due.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sue</i> me, and woo me, and flatter me.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To seek
justice or right from, by legal process; to institute process in law
against; to bring an action against; to prosecute judicially.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To proceed with, as an action, and follow it
up to its proper termination; to gain by legal process.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Falconry)</i> <def>To clean, as the beak; --
said of a hawk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To leave high and dry on
shore; as, to <i>sue</i> a ship.</def>  <i>R. H. Dana, Jr.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To sue out</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>to petition for and
take out, or to apply for and obtain; as, <i>to sue out</i> a writ in
chancery; <i>to sue out</i> a pardon for a criminal.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sue</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To seek by request; to make application; to petition; to entreat;
to plead.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By adverse destiny constrained to <i>sue</i><BR>
For counsel and redress, he <i>sues</i> to you.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>C&aelig;sar came to Rome to <i>sue</i> for the double
honor of a triumph and the consulship.</blockquote> <i>C.
Middleton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Indians were defeated and <i>sued</i> for
peace.</blockquote> <i>Jefferson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To prosecute; to make legal
claim; to seek (for something) in law; as, to <i>sue</i> for
damages.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To woo; to pay addresses as a lover.</def>
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To be left high and dry on
the shore, as a ship.</def>  <i>R. H. Dana, Jr.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Uniformly or evenly
distributed or spread; even; smooth. See <u>Suant</u>.</def>
<i>Thoreau.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"ent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Evenly;
smoothly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who sues; a
suitor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>suet</i>, dim. fr.
OF. <i>seu</i>, <i>suif</i>, F. <i>suif</i>, L. <i>sebum</i>.  Cf.
<u>Soap</u>, <u>Sebaceous</u>.] <def>The fat and fatty tissues of an
animal, especially the harder fat about the kidneys and loins in beef
and mutton, which, when melted and freed from the membranes, forms
tallow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"et*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of, or
resembling, suet; as, a <i>suety</i> substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suf-</hw> (?). <def>A form of the prefix <u>Sub-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suf"fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Suffered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Suffering</u>.] [OE. <i>suffren</i>, <i>soffren</i>, OF.
<i>sufrir</i>, <i>sofrir</i>, F. <i>souffrir</i>, (assumed) LL.
<i>sofferire</i>, for L. <i>sufferre</i>; <i>sub</i> under +
<i>ferre</i> to bear, akin to E. <i>bear</i>. See <u>Bear</u> to
support.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To feel, or endure, with pain,
annoyance, etc.; to submit to with distress or grief; to undergo; as,
to <i>suffer</i> pain of body, or grief of mind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To endure or undergo without sinking; to
support; to sustain; to bear up under.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our spirit and strength entire,<BR>
Strongly to <i>suffer</i> and support our pains.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To undergo; to be affected by; to sustain;
to experience; as, most substances <i>suffer</i> a change when long
exposed to air and moisture; to <i>suffer</i> loss or
damage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If your more ponderous and settled project<BR>
May <i>suffer</i> alteration.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To allow; to permit; not to forbid or
hinder; to tolerate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt in any wise rebuke thy neighbour, and not
<i>suffer</i> sin upon him.</blockquote> <i>Lev. xix. 17.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>suffer</i> them to enter and possess.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To permit; bear; endure; support; sustain; allow;
admit; tolerate. See <u>Permit</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Suf"fer</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To feel or undergo pain of body or mind; to bear what is
inconvenient; as, we <i>suffer</i> from pain, sickness, or sorrow; we
<i>suffer</i> with anxiety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O well for him whose will is strong!<BR>
He <i>suffers</i>, but he will not <i>suffer</i> long.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To undergo punishment; specifically, to
undergo the penalty of death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The father was first condemned to <i>suffer</i> upon a
day appointed, and the son afterwards the day following.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be injured; to sustain loss or
damage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Public business <i>suffers</i> by private
infirmities.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf"fer*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>souffrable</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Able to suffer or endure;
patient.</def> [Obs.] "Ye must be <i>sufferable</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That may be suffered, tolerated, or
permitted; allowable; tolerable.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Suf"fer*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Suf"fer*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Suf"fer*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>suffrance</i>, OF. <i>sufrance</i>, <i>soufrance</i>, F.
<i>souffrance</i>, L. <i>sufferentia</i>, from <i>sufferens</i>, <i>-
entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>sufferre</i>. See <u>Suffer</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of suffering; the bearing of pain;
endurance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He must not only die the death,<BR>
But thy unkindness shall his death draw out<BR>
To lingering <i>sufferance</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pain endured; misery; suffering;
distress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The seeming <i>sufferances</i> that you had
borne.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Loss; damage; injury.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A grievous . . . <i>sufferance</i> on most part of
their fleet.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Submission under difficult or oppressive
circumstances; patience; moderation.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But hasty heat tempering with <i>sufferance</i>
wise.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Negative consent by not forbidding or
hindering; toleration; permission; allowance; leave.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In their beginning they are weak and wan,<BR>
But soon, through <i>sufferance</i>, grow to fearful end.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Somewhiles by <i>sufferance</i>, and somewhiles by
special leave and favor, they erected to themselves
oratories.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A permission granted by the customs
authorities for the shipment of goods.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Estate of sufferance</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the
holding by a tenant who came in by a lawful title, but remains, after
his right has expired, without positive leave of the owner.</cd>
<i>Blackstone.</i> -- <col><b>On sufferance</b></col>, <cd>by mere
toleration; as, to remain in a house <i>on sufferance</i>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Endurance; pain; misery; inconvenience; patience;
moderation; toleration; permission.</p>

<p><hw>Suf"fer*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who suffers; one who endures or undergoes suffering; one who
sustains inconvenience or loss; as, <i>sufferers</i> by poverty or
sickness; men are <i>sufferers</i> by fire or by losses at
sea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who permits or allows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suf"fer*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The bearing of
pain, inconvenience, or loss; pain endured; distress, loss, or injury
incurred; as, <i>sufferings</i> by pain or sorrow; <i>sufferings</i>
by want or by wrongs.</def> "Souls in <i>sufferings</i> tried."
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf"fer*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being in pain or
grief; having loss, injury, distress, etc.</def> --
<wf>Suf"fer*ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 1441 !></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fice"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sufficed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sufficing</u> (?).] [OE. <i>suffisen</i>, OF. <i>soufire</i>, F.
<i>suffire</i> (cf. <i>suffisant</i>, p. pr.), L. <i>sufficere</i> to
put under, to substitute, to avail for, to suffice; <i>sub</i> under +
<i>facere</i> to make. See <u>Fact</u>.] <def>To be enough, or
sufficient; to meet the need (of anything); to be equal to the end
proposed; to be adequate.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To recount almighty works,<BR>
What words or tongue of seraph can <i>suffice</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fice"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To satisfy; to content; to be equal to the wants or demands
of.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let it <i>suffice</i> thee; speak no more unto me of
this matter.</blockquote> <i>Deut. iii. 26.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furnish; to supply adequately.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The power appeased, with winds <i>sufficed</i> the
sail.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fi"cience</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sufficiently.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Suf*fi"cien*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sufficientia</i>: cf. F. <i>suffisance</i>. See <u>Suffice</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being sufficient, or
adequate to the end proposed; adequacy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>sufficiency</i> is such that he bestows and
possesses, his plenty being unexhausted.</blockquote>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Qualification for any purpose; ability;
capacity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A substitute or most allowed
<i>sufficiency</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am not so confident of my own <i>sufficiency</i> as
not willingly to admit the counsel of others.</blockquote> <i>Eikon
Basilike.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Adequate substance or means;
competence.</def> "An elegant <i>sufficiency</i>."
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Supply equal to wants; ample stock or
fund.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Conceit; self-confidence; self-
sufficiency.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sufficiency</i> is a compound of vanity and
ignorance.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fi"cient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sufficiens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>sufficere</i>: cf. F.
<i>suffisant</i>. See <u>Suffice</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Equal
to the end proposed; adequate to wants; enough; ample; competent; as,
provision <i>sufficient</i> for the family; an army <i>sufficient</i>
to defend the country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My grace is <i>sufficient</i> for thee.</blockquote>
<i>2 Cor. xii. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Possessing adequate talents or
accomplishments; of competent power or ability; qualified;
fit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who is <i>sufficient</i> for these things?</blockquote>
<i>2 Cor. ii. 16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Capable of meeting obligations;
responsible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The man is, notwithstanding, <i>sufficient</i> . . . I
think I may take his bond.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Self-sufficient; self-satisfied;
content.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou art the most <i>sufficient</i> (I'll say for
thee),<BR>
Not to believe a thing.</blockquote> <i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Enough; adequate; competent; full; satisfactory;
ample.</p>

<p><hw>Suf*fi"cient*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>To a
sufficient degree; to a degree that answers the purpose, or gives
content; enough; as, we are <i>sufficiently</i> supplied with food; a
man <i>sufficiently</i> qualified for the discharge of his official
duties.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fi"cing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affording
enough; satisfying.</def> -- <wf>Suf*fi"cing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Suf*fi"cing*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fi"sance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Sufficiency</u>.] <def>Sufficiency; plenty; abundance;
contentment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He could in little thing have
<i>suffisaunce</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fi"sant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sufficient.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Suf"fix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>suffixus</i>, p.
p. of <i>suffigere</i> to fasten on, to affix; <i>sub</i> under +
<i>figere</i> to fix: cf. F. <i>suffixe</i>. See <u>Fix</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A letter, letters, syllable, or syllables
added or appended to the end of a word or a root to modify the
meaning; a postfix.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A subscript mark, number, or
letter. See <u>Subscript</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fix"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Suffixed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Suffixing</u>.] <def>To add or annex to the end, as a letter or
syllable to a word; to append.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fix"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
suffixing, or the state of being suffixed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fix"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Suffixion.</def> [R.]  <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf*flam"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sufflaminatus</i>, p. p. of <i>sufflaminare</i> to hold back by a
clog, from <i>sufflamen</i> a clog.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To retard
the motion of, as a carriage, by preventing one or more of its wheels
from revolving, either by means of a chain or otherwise.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to stop; to impede.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf*flate"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sufflatus</i>, p. p. of <i>sufflare</i> to blow up, inflate;
<i>sub</i> under + <i>flare</i> to blow.] <def>To blow up; to inflate;
to inspire.</def> [R.]  <i>T. Ward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fla"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sufflatio</i>.] <def>The act of blowing up or inflating.</def> [R.]
<i>Coles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf"fo*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suffocatus</i>, p. p. of <i>suffocare</i> to choke; <i>sub</i>
under + <i>fauces</i> the throat.  Cf. <u>Faucal</u>.]
<def>Suffocated; choked.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf"fo*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Suffocated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Suffocating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To choke or
kill by stopping respiration; to stifle; to smother.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let not hemp his windpipe
<i>suffocate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To destroy; to extinguish; as, to
<i>suffocate</i> fire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suf"fo*cate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
choked, stifled, or smothered.</def> "A swelling discontent is apt to
<i>suffocate</i> and strangle without passage."  <i>collier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf"fo*ca`ting</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Suffocate</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def> --
<wf>Suf"fo*ca`ting*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Suf`fo*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suffocatio</i>: cf. F. <i>suffocation</i>.] <def>The act of
suffocating, or the state of being suffocated; death caused by
smothering or choking.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>suffocation</i> is sometimes employed
synonymously with <i>asphyxia</i>. In the strict medico-legal sense it
signifies <i>asphyxia</i> induced by obstruction of the respiration
otherwise than by direct pressure on the neck (hanging, strangulation)
or submersion (drowning).  <i>Quain.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf"fo*ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending or
able to choke or stifle.</def> "<i>Suffocative</i> catarrhs."
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fos"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suffossio</i>, from <i>suffodere</i>, <i>suffossum</i>, to dig
under; <i>sub</i> under + <i>fodere</i> to dig.] <def>A digging under;
an undermining.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf"fra*gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>suffragant</i>, L. <i>suffragans</i>, p. pr. of <i>suffragari</i>
to support with one's vote, to be favorable. See <u>Suffrage</u>.]
<def>Assisting; assistant; as, a <i>suffragan</i> bishop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suf"fra*gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>suffragant</i>: cf. LL. <i>suffraganeus</i>. See <u>Suffragan</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An assistant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A bishop considered as an
assistant, or as subject, to his metropolitan; an assistant
bishop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suf"fra*gan*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of
a suffragan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suf"fra*gant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos>
<def>Suffragan.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Suf"fra*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. & t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> <u>Suffragated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Suffragating</u>.] [L. <i>suffragatus</i>, p. p.
of <i>suffragari</i>. See <u>Suffragan</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>To vote or vote with.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Suffragating</i> tribes."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf"fra*ga`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
assists or favors by his vote.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Suf"frage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>suffragium</i>; perhaps originally, a broken piece, a potsherd,
used in voting, and fr. <i>sub</i> under + the root of <i>frangere</i>
to break. See <u>Break</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A vote given in
deciding a controverted question, or in the choice of a man for an
office or trust; the formal expression of an opinion; assent;
vote.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I ask your voices and your
<i>suffrages</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Testimony; attestation; witness;
approval.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lactantius and St. Austin confirm by their
<i>suffrage</i> the observation made by heathen writers.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every miracle is the <i>suffrage</i> of Heaven to the
truth of a doctrine.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A short
petition, as those after the creed in matins and evensong.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A prayer in general, as one offered for the
faithful departed.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I firmly believe that there is a purgatory, and that
the souls therein detained are helped by the <i>suffrages</i> of the
faithful.</blockquote> <i>Creed of Pope Pius IV.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Aid; assistance.</def> [A Latinism]
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Suf"frage</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To vote for; to
elect.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf*frag"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suffraginosus</i> diseased in the hock, fr. <i>suffrago</i> the
pastern, or hock.] <def>Of or pertaining to the hock of a beast.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Suf"fra*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who possesses or exercises the political right of suffrage; a
voter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who has certain opinions or desires
about the political right of suffrage; as, a woman
<i>suffragist</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is curious that . . . Louisa Castelefort should be
obliged after her marriage immediately to open her doors and turn
ultra liberal, or an universal <i>suffragist</i>.</blockquote> <i>Miss
Edgeworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Suf*fra"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., the hock, from
<i>sub</i> under + <i>frangere</i> to break.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The heel joint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suf"france</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sufferance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf`fru*tes"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>suf-
</i> + <i>frutescent</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Slightly woody at the
base.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fru"ti*cose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>suf-
</i> + <i>fruticose</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Woody in the lower part
of the stem, but with the yearly branches herbaceous, as sage, thyme,
hyssop, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fru"ti*cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Suffruticose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fu"mi*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Suffumigated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Suffumigating</u>.] [L. <i>suffumigatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>suffumigare</i> to fumigate from below. See <u>Sub-</u>, and
<u>Fumigate</u>.] <def>To apply fumes or smoke to the parts of, as to
the body in medicine; to fumigate in part.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fu`mi*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suffumigatio</i>: cf. F. <i>suffumigation</i>.] <def>The operation
of suffumigating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fu"mige</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>suffumigium</i>.] <def>A medical fume.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Suffused</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Suffusing</u>.] [L. <i>suffusus</i>, p. p. of <i>suffundere</i> to
overspread; <i>sub</i> under + <i>fundere</i> to pour. See <u>Fuse</u>
to melt.] <def>To overspread, as with a fluid or tincture; to fill or
cover, as with something fluid; as, eyes <i>suffused</i> with tears;
cheeks <i>suffused</i> with blushes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When purple light shall next <i>suffuse</i> the
skies.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fu"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>suffusio</i>:
cf. F. <i>suffusion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process
of suffusing, or state of being suffused; an overspreading.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To those that have the jaundice, or like
<i>suffusion</i> of eyes, objects appear of that color.</blockquote>
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That with which a thing is
suffused.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A blending of one color
into another; the spreading of one color over another, as on the
feathers of birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"fi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the name of a
dynasty of Persian kings, <i>Saf&imacr;</i>, <i>Safav&imacr;</i>; said
to come from name <i>Saf&imacr;-ud-d&imacr;n</i> of an ancestor of the
family, confused with <i>s&?;f&imacr;</i> pious.] <def>A title or
surname of the king of Persia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"fi</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. & Per.
<i>s&?;f&imacr;</i>, wise, pious, devout.] <def>One of a certain order
of religious men in Persia.</def> [Written also <i>sofi</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Su"fism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A refined mysticism
among certain classes of Mohammedans, particularly in Persia, who hold
to a kind of pantheism and practice extreme asceticism in their
lives.</def> [Written also <i>sofism</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sug</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of worm or
larva.</def>  <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sug"ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sugre</i>, F.
<i>sucre</i> (cf. It. <i>zucchero</i>, Sp. <i>az&uacute;car</i>), fr.
Ar. <i>sukkar</i>, <i>assukkar</i>, fr. Skr.
<i>&ccedil;arkar&amacr;</i> sugar, gravel; cf. Per. <i>shakar</i>.
Cf. <u>Saccharine</u>, <u>Sucrose</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
sweet white (or brownish yellow) crystalline substance, of a sandy or
granular consistency, obtained by crystallizing the evaporated juice
of certain plants, as the sugar cane, sorghum, beet root, sugar maple,
etc. It is used for seasoning and preserving many kinds of food and
drink. Ordinary sugar is essentially sucrose. See the Note
below.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>sugar</i> includes several commercial grades, as
the <i>white</i> or <i>refined</i>, <i>granulated</i>, <i>loaf</i> or
<i>lump</i>, and the <i>raw brown</i> or <i>muscovado</i>. In a more
general sense, it includes several distinct chemical compounds, as the
<i>glucoses</i>, or <i>grape sugars</i> (including glucose proper,
dextrose, and levulose), and the <i>sucroses</i>, or true sugars (as
cane sugar). All sugars are carbohydrates. See <u>Carbohydrate</u>.
    The <i>glucoses</i>, or <i>grape sugars</i>, are ketone alcohols
of the formula C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>6</sub>, and they turn
the plane of polarization to the right or the left. They are produced
from the amyloses and sucroses, as by the action of heat and acids of
ferments, and are themselves decomposed by fermentation into alcohol
and carbon dioxide. The only sugar (called <i>acrose</i>) as yet
produced artificially belongs to this class. The <i>sucroses</i>, or
<i>cane sugars</i>, are doubled glucose anhydrides of the formula
C<sub>12</sub>H<sub>22</sub>O<sub>11</sub>. They are usually not
fermentable as such (cf. <u>Sucrose</u>), and they act on polarized
light.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>By extension, anything resembling sugar in
taste or appearance; as, <i>sugar</i> of lead (lead acetate), a
poisonous white crystalline substance having a sweet taste.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Compliment or flattery used to disguise or
render acceptable something obnoxious; honeyed or soothing
words.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Acorn sugar</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Quercite</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Cane sugar</b></col>, <cd>sugar made from the sugar cane;
sucrose, or an isomeric sugar. See <u>Sucrose</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Diabetes</b></col>, or <col><b>Diabetic</b></col>,
<col><b>sugar</b></col> <i>(Med. Chem.)</i>, <cd>a variety of sugar
(probably grape sugar or dextrose) excreted in the urine in diabetes
mellitus.</cd> -- <col><b>Fruit sugar</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Fruit</u>, and <u>Fructose</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Grape
sugar</b></col>, <cd>a sirupy or white crystalline sugar (dextrose or
glucose) found as a characteristic ingredient of ripe grapes, and also
produced from many other sources. See <u>Dextrose</u>, and
<u>Glucose</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Invert sugar</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Invert</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Malt sugar</b></col>, <cd>a variety of
sugar isomeric with sucrose, found in malt. See <u>Maltose</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Manna sugar</b></col>, <cd>a substance found in manna,
resembling, but distinct from, the sugars. See <u>Mannite</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Milk sugar</b></col>, <cd>a variety of sugar characteristic of
fresh milk, and isomeric with sucrose. See <u>Lactose</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Muscle sugar</b></col>, <cd>a sweet white crystalline
substance isomeric with, and formerly regarded to, the glucoses. It is
found in the tissue of muscle, the heart, liver, etc. Called also
<i>heart sugar</i>. See <u>Inosite</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pine
sugar</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Pinite</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Starch
sugar</b></col> <i>(Com. Chem.)</i>, <cd>a variety of dextrose made by
the action of heat and acids on starch from corn, potatoes, etc.; --
called also <i>potato sugar</i>, <i>corn sugar</i>, and, inaccurately,
<i>invert sugar</i>. See <u>Dextrose</u>, and <u>Glucose</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sugar barek</b></col>, <cd>one who refines sugar.</cd> --
<col><b>Sugar beet</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a variety of beet
(<i>Beta vulgaris</i>) with very large white roots, extensively grown,
esp. in Europe, for the sugar obtained from them.</cd> --
<col><b>Sugar berry</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the hackberry.</cd> -
- <col><b>Sugar bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several species of small South American singing birds of the genera
<i>C&oelig;reba</i>, <i>Dacnis</i>, and allied genera belonging to the
family <i>C&oelig;rebid&aelig;</i>. They are allied to the honey
eaters.</cd> -- <col><b>Sugar bush</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Sugar
orchard</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sugar camp</b></col>, <cd>a place in or
near a sugar orchard, where maple sugar is made.</cd> -- <col><b>Sugar
candian</b></col>, <cd>sugar candy.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>Sugar
candy</b></col>, <cd>sugar clarified and concreted or crystallized;
candy made from sugar.</cd> -- <col><b>Sugar cane</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a tall perennial grass (<i>Saccharum
officinarium</i>), with thick short-jointed stems. It has been
cultivated for ages as the principal source of sugar.</cd> --
<col><b>Sugar loaf</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A loaf or mass
of refined sugar, usually in the form of a truncated cone.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A hat shaped like a sugar loaf.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Why, do not or know you, grannam, and that <i>sugar
loaf</i>?</blockquote> <i>J. Webster.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Sugar maple</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the rock maple
(<i>Acer saccharinum</i>). See <u>Maple</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sugar
mill</b></col>, <cd>a machine for pressing out the juice of the sugar
cane, usually consisting of three or more rollers, between which the
cane is passed.</cd> -- <col><b>Sugar mite</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A small mite
(<i>Tyroglyphus sacchari</i>), often found in great numbers in
unrefined sugar.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The lepisma.</cd> --
<col><b>Sugar of lead</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Sugar</u>, 2, above.</cd>
-- <col><b>Sugar of milk</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Milk</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sugar orchard</b></col>, <cd>a collection of maple trees
selected and preserved for purpose of obtaining sugar from them; --
called also, sometimes, <i>sugar bush</i>.</cd> [U.S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i> -- <col><b>Sugar pine</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an
immense coniferous tree (<i>Pinus Lambertiana</i>) of California and
Oregon, furnishing a soft and easily worked timber. The resinous
exudation from the stumps, etc., has a sweetish taste, and has been
used as a substitute for sugar.</cd> -- <col><b>Sugar
squirrel</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an Australian flying
phalanger (<i>Belideus sciureus</i>), having a long bushy tail and a
large parachute. It resembles a flying squirrel. See <i>Illust.</i>
under <u>Phlanger</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sugar tongs</b></col>,
<cd>small tongs, as of silver, used at table for taking lumps of sugar
from a sugar bowl.</cd> -- <col><b>Sugar tree</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>See <i>Sugar maple</i>, above.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sug"ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>In making maple
sugar, to complete the process of boiling down the sirup till it is
thick enough to crystallize; to approach or reach the state of
granulation; -- with the preposition <i>off</i>.</def> [Local,
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sug"ar</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sugared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sugaring</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To impregnate, season,
cover, or sprinkle with sugar; to mix sugar with.</def> "When I
<i>sugar</i> my liquor."  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover with soft words; to disguise by
flattery; to compliment; to sweeten; as, to <i>sugar</i>
reproof.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With devotion's visage<BR>
And pious action we do <i>sugar</i> o'er<BR>
The devil himself.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sug"ared</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sweetened.</def>
"The <i>sugared</i> liquor." <i>Spenser.</i> <def>Also used
figuratively; as, <i>sugared</i> kisses.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1442 !></p>

<p><hw>Sug"ar-house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A building in
which sugar is made or refined; a sugar manufactory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sug"ar*i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being sugary, or sweet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sug"ar*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of covering or sweetening with sugar; also, the sugar
thus used.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of making
sugar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sug"ar*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without sugar; free
from sugar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sug"ar*plum`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
candy or sweetneat made up in small balls or disks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sug"ar*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Resembling or containing sugar; tasting of sugar; sweet.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fond of sugar or sweet things; as, a
<i>sugary</i> palate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su*ges"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sugere</i> to
suck.] <def>Of or pertaining to sucking.</def> [R.]  <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sug*gest"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Suggested</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Suggesting</u>.] [L. <i>suggestus</i>, p. p. of <i>suggerere</i> to
put under, furnish, suggest; <i>sub</i> under + <i>gerere</i> to
carry, to bring. See <u>Jest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
introduce indirectly to the thoughts; to cause to be thought of,
usually by the agency of other objects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some ideas . . . are <i>suggested</i> to the mind by
all the ways of sensation and reflection.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To propose with difference or modesty; to
hint; to intimate; as, to <i>suggest</i> a difficulty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To seduce; to prompt to evil; to
tempt.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Knowing that tender youth is soon
<i>suggested</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To inform secretly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To hint; allude to; refer to; insinuate.</p>

<p><hw>Sug*gest"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make
suggestions; to tempt.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And ever weaker grows through acted crime,<BR>
Or seeming-genial, venial fault,<BR>
Recurring and <i>suggesting</i> still.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sug*gest"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
suggests.</def>  <i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sug*ges"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>suggestion</i>, L. <i>suggestio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of suggesting; presentation of an idea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is suggested; an intimation; an
insinuation; a hint; a different proposal or mention; also, formerly,
a secret incitement; temptation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why do I yield to that <i>suggestion</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Charge; complaint; accusation.</def> [Obs.]
"A false <i>suggestion</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Information without oath; an
entry of a material fact or circumstance on the record for the
information of the court, at the death or insolvency of a
party.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol. & Metaph.)</i> <def>The act or
power of originating or recalling ideas or relations, distinguished as
original and relative; -- a term much used by Scottish metaphysicians
from Hutcherson to Thomas Brown.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Hint; allusion; intimation; insinuation.  --
<u>Suggestion</u>, <u>Hint</u>. A <i>hint</i> is the briefest or most
indirect mode of calling one's attention to a subject. A
<i>suggestion</i> is a putting of something before the mind for
consideration, an indirect or guarded mode of presenting argument or
advice. A <i>hint</i> is usually something slight or covert, and may
by merely negative in its character. A <i>suggestion</i> is ordinarily
intended to furnish us with some practical assistance or direction.
"He gave me a <i>hint</i> of my danger, and added some
<i>suggestions</i> as to the means of avoiding it."</p>

<p><blockquote>Willing to wound, and yet afraid to strike,<BR>
Just <i>hint</i> a fault, and hesitate dislike.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Arthur, whom they say is killed to-night<BR>
On your <i>suggestion</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sug*gest"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing a
suggestion, hint, or intimation.</def> -- <wf>Sug*gest"ive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Sug*gest"ive*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sug*gest"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Suggestion.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They fancy that every thought must needs have an
immediate outward <i>suggestment</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sug*gest"ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
suggests.</def> "The <i>suggestress</i> of suicides."  <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sug"gil</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suggillare</i>, <i>sugillare</i>, <i>suggillatum</i>,
<i>sugillatum</i>, literally, to beat black and blue.] <def>To
defame.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Abp. Parker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sug"gil*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Suggil</u>.] <def>To beat livid, or black and blue.</def>
<i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sug`gil*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suggillatio</i>: cf. F. <i>suggillation</i>.] <def>A livid, or
black and blue, mark; a blow; a bruise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"i*ci`dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Partaking of,
or of the nature of, the crime or suicide.</def> --
<wf>Su"i*ci`dal*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Su"i*cide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sui</i> of
one's self (akin to <i>suus</i> one's own) + <i>caedere</i> to slay,
to kill.  Cf. <u>So</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>, <u>Homicide</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of taking one's own life voluntary and
intentionally; self-murder; specifically <i>(Law)</i>, the felonious
killing of one's self; the deliberate and intentional destruction of
one's own life by a person of years of discretion and of sound
mind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One guilty of self-murder; a felo-de-
se.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Ruin of one's own interests.</def>
"Intestine war, which may be justly called political <i>suicide</i>."
<i>V. Knox.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`i*cid"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Suicidal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Su"i*ci*dism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being suicidal, or self-murdering.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Su"i*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>suus</i> one's
own.] <def>Selfishness; egoism.</def> [R.]  <i>Whitlock.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Su"i gen"e*ris</hw> (?). [L.] <def>Of his or its own
kind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"il*lage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>souillage</i>, <i>soillage</i>, fr. <i>souiller</i>,
<i>soiller</i>. See <u>Soil</u> to stain, and cf. <u>Sullage</u>.]
<def>A drain or collection of filth.</def> [Obs.] [Written also
<i>sulliage</i>, and <i>sullage</i>.]  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"il*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sus</i> hog.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a hog or the Hog family
(<i>Suid&aelig;</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Suint</u>.]
<def>A mixture of oleomargarine with lard or other fatty ingredients.
It is used as a substitute for butter. See <u>Butterine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>suer</i> to
sweat, L. <i>sudare</i>.] <def>The process of soaking through
anything.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>Sue</u> to
follow.] <def>In succession; afterwards.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"int</hw> (s&umacr;"&ibreve;nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A peculiar substance obtained from the wool of
sheep, consisting largely of potash mixed with fatty and earthy
matters. It is used as a source of potash and also for the manufacture
of gas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`i*o*goths"</hw> (?), <pos><i>prop. n. pl.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Suiones</i> (a Teutonic tribe in what is now Sweeden) + E.
<i>Goth</i>.] <def>The Scandinavian Goths. See the Note under
<u>Goths</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>suus</i> belinging to
himself or to one's self.] <def>One who seeks for things which gratify
merely himself; a selfish person; a selfist.</def> [R.]
<i>Whitlock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suit</hw> (s&umacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>suite</i>,
F. <i>suite</i>, OF. <i>suite</i>, <i>sieute</i>, fr. <i>suivre</i> to
follow, OF. <i>sivre</i>; perhaps influenced by L. <i>secta</i>. See
<u>Sue</u> to follow, and cf. <u>Sect</u>, <u>Suite</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of following or pursuing, as game;
pursuit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of suing; the process by which one
endeavors to gain an end or an object; an attempt to attain a certain
result; pursuit; endeavor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thenceforth the <i>suit</i> of earthly conquest
shone.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of wooing in love; the solicitation
of a woman in marriage; courtship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rebate your loves, each rival <i>suit</i> suspend,<BR>
Till this funereal web my labors end.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The attempt to gain an end by
legal process; an action or process for the recovery of a right or
claim; legal application to a court for justice; prosecution of right
before any tribunal; as, a civil <i>suit</i>; a criminal <i>suit</i>;
a <i>suit</i> in chancery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I arrest thee at the <i>suit</i> of Count
Orsino.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In England the several <i>suits</i>, or remedial
instruments of justice, are distinguished into three kinds -- actions
personal, real, and mixed.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which follows as a retinue; a company
of attendants or followers; the assembly of persons who attend upon a
prince, magistrate, or other person of distinction; -- often written
<i>suite</i>, and pronounced sw&emacr;t.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Things that follow in a series or
succession; the individual objects, collectively considered, which
constitute a series, as of rooms, buildings, compositions, etc.; --
often written <i>suite</i>, and pronounced sw&emacr;t.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A number of things used together, and
generally necessary to be united in order to answer their purpose; a
number of things ordinarily classed or used together; a set; as, a
<i>suit</i> of curtains; a <i>suit</i> of armor; a <i>suit</i> of
clothes.</def> "Two rogues in buckram <i>suits</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Playing Cards)</i> <def>One of the four sets
of cards which constitute a pack; -- each set consisting of thirteen
cards bearing a particular emblem, as hearts, spades, clubs, or
diamonds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To deal and shuffle, to divide and sort<BR>
Her mingled <i>suits</i> and sequences.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Regular order; succession.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Every five and thirty years the same kind and
<i>suit</i> of weather comes again.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Out of suits</b></col>, <cd>having no correspondence.</cd>
[Obs.] <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Suit and service</b></col> <i>(Feudal
Law)</i>, <cd>the duty of feudatories to attend the courts of their
lords or superiors in time of peace, and in war to follow them and do
military service; -- called also <i>suit service</i>.</cd>
<i>Blackstone.</i> -- <col><b>Suit broker</b></col>, <cd>one who made
a trade of obtaining the suits of petitioners at court.</cd> [Obs.] --
<col><b>Suit court</b></col> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>the court in
which tenants owe attendance to their lord.</cd> -- <col><b>Suit
covenant</b></col> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>a covenant to sue at a
certain court.</cd> -- <col><b>Suit custom</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>a service which is owed from time immemorial.</cd> -- <col><b>Suit
service</b></col>. <i>(Feudal Law)</i> <cd>See <i>Suit and
service</i>, above.</cd> -- <col><b>To bring suit</b></col>.
<i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To bring <i>secta</i>, followers
or witnesses, to prove the plaintiff's demand.</cd> [Obs.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In modern usage, to institute an action.</cd>
-- <col><b>To follow suit</b></col>. <i>(Card Playing)</i> <cd>See
under <u>Follow</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Suit</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Suited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Suiting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fit; to adapt; to make
proper or suitable; as, to <i>suit</i> the action to the word.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be fitted to; to accord with; to become;
to befit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ill <i>suits</i> his cloth the praise of railing
well.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Raise her notes to that sublime degree<BR>
Which <i>suits</i> song of piety and thee.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To dress; to clothe.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So went he <i>suited</i> to his watery
tomb.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To please; to make content; as, he is well
<i>suited</i> with his place; to <i>suit</i> one's taste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suit</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To agree; to accord; to
be fitted; to correspond; -- usually followed by <i>with</i> or
<i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The place itself was <i>suiting</i> to his
care.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Give me not an office<BR>
That <i>suits</i> with me so ill.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To agree; accord; comport; tally; correspond; match;
answer.</p>

<p><hw>Suit`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being suitable; suitableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suit"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
suiting; fitting; accordant; proper; becoming; agreeable; adapted; as,
ornaments <i>suitable</i> to one's station; language <i>suitable</i>
for the subject.</def> -- <wf>Suit"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Suit"a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Proper; fitting; becoming; accordant; agreeable;
competent; correspondent; compatible; consonant; congruous;
consistent.</p>

<p><hw>Suite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Suit</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A retinue or company of
attendants, as of a distinguished personage; as, the <i>suite</i> of
an ambassador. See <u>Suit</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A connected series or succession of
objects; a number of things used or clessed together; a set; as, a
<i>suite</i> of rooms; a <i>suite</i> of minerals. See <u>Suit</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 6.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mr. Barnard took one of the candles that stood upon the
king's table, and lighted his majesty through a <i>suite</i> of rooms
till they came to a private door into the library.</blockquote>
<i>Boswell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>One of the old musical forms,
before the time of the more compact <i>sonata</i>, consisting of a
string or series of pieces all in the same key, mostly in various
dance rhythms, with sometimes an elaborate prelude. Some composers of
the present day affect the <i>suite</i> form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suit"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Among tailors,
cloth suitable for making entire suits of clothes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suit"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who sues, petitions, or entreats; a petitioner; an
applicant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She hath been a <i>suitor</i> to me for her
brother.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, one who solicits a woman in
marriage; a wooer; a lover.</def>  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who
sues or prosecutes a demand in court; a party to a suit, as a
plaintiff, petitioner, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(O. Eng.
Law)</i> <def>One who attends a court as plaintiff, defendant,
petitioner, appellant, witness, juror, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suit"ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
supplicant.</def>  <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Su"ji</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>s&?;f&imacr;</i>.] <def>Indian wheat, granulated but not
pulverized; a kind of semolina.</def> [Written also
<i>soojee</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Su"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Icel.
<i>s&?;la</i> the gannet. See <u>Solan goose</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A genus of sea birds including the booby and the common
gannet.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sul"cate</hw> (?), <hw>Sul"ca*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sulcatus</i>, p. p. of <i>sulcare</i> to
furrow, fr. <i>sulcus</i> a furrow.] <def>Scored with deep and regular
furrows; furrowed or grooved; as, a <i>sulcated</i> stem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A channel or
furrow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"ci*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the form
of a sulcus; as, <i>sulciform</i> markings.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sul"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sulci</b></plw> (#). [L., a furrow.] <def>A furrow; a groove;
a fissure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"le*ah fish`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A coarse fish
of India, used in making a breakfast relish called
<i>burtah</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sulcus</i>.] <def>A
furrow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sulk</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Sulkiness</u>.]
<def>To be silently sullen; to be morose or obstinate.</def>  <i>T.
Hook.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sulk"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
sulks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulk"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sulky
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulk"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>sulkenness</i>,
fr. AS. <i>solcen</i> slothful, remiss, in &amacr;<i>solcen</i>,
be<i>solcen</i>, properly p. p. of <i>sealcan</i> in
&amacr;<i>sealcan</i> to be weak or slothful; of uncertain origin.]
<def>The quality or state of being sulky; sullenness; moroseness; as,
<i>sulkiness</i> of disposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulks</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>The condition of
being sulky; a sulky mood or humor; as, to be in the
<i>sulks</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulk"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sulkier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sulkiest</u>.] [See <u>Sulkiness</u>, and
cf. <u>Sulky</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Moodly silent; sullen;
sour; obstinate; morose; splenetic.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Sullen</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sulk"y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sulkies</b></plw> (#). [From <u>Sulky</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>; -- so called from the owner's desire of riding
alone.] <def>A light two-wheeled carriage for a single
person.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sulky</i> is used adjectively in the names of several
agricultural machines drawn by horses to denote that the machine is
provided with wheels and a seat for the driver; as, <i>sulky</i> plow;
<i>sulky</i> harrow; <i>sulky</i> rake, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Sull</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>suluh</i>,
<i>sulh</i>, a plow; cf. OHG. <i>suohili</i> a little plow.] <def>A
plow.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sul"lage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Suillage</u>,
<u>Sulliage</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Drainage of filth; filth
collected from the street or highway; sewage.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The streets were exceedingly large, well paved, having
many vaults and conveyances under them for
<i>sullage</i>.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which sullies or defiles.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It is the privilege of the celestial luminaries to
receive no tincture, <i>sullage</i>, or difilement from the most
noisome sinks and dunghills here below.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>The scoria on the surface
of molten metal in the ladle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Hydraul. Engin.)</i> <def>Silt; mud
deposited by water.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sullage piece</b></col> <i>(Founding)</i>, <cd>the sprue of
a casting. See <u>Sprue</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sul"len</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>solein</i>,
<i>solain</i>, lonely, sullen; through Old French fr. (assumed) LL.
<i>solanus</i> solitary, fr. L. <i>solus</i> alone. See <u>Sole</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lonely; solitary;
desolate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif (Job iii. 14).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Gloomy; dismal; foreboding.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Solemn hymns so <i>sullen</i> dirges
change.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Mischievous; malignant;
unpropitious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such <i>sullen</i> planets at my birth did
shine.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Gloomily angry and silent; cross; sour;
affected with ill humor; morose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>sullen</i> I forsook the imperfect
feast.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Obstinate; intractable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Things are as <i>sullen</i> as we are.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Heavy; dull; sluggish.</def> "The larger
stream was placid, and even <i>sullen</i>, in its course."  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sulky; sour; cross; ill-natured; morose; peevish;
fretful; ill-humored; petulant; gloomy; malign; intractable.  --
<u>Sullen</u>, <u>Sulky</u>. Both <i>sullen</i> and <i>sulky</i> show
themselves in the demeanor. <i>Sullenness</i> seems to be an habitual
sulkiness, and <i>sulkiness</i> a temporary sullenness. The former may
be an innate disposition; the latter, a disposition occasioned by
recent injury. Thus we are in a <i>sullen</i> mood, and in a
<i>sulky</i> fit.</p>

<p><blockquote>No cheerful breeze this <i>sullen</i> region knows;<BR>
The dreaded east is all the wind that blows.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sul"len*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sul"len*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sul"len</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who is solitary, or lives alone; a hermit.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Sullen feelings or manners;
sulks; moroseness; as, to have the <i>sullens</i>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sul"len</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make sullen or
sluggish.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sullens</i> the whole body with . . .
laziness.</blockquote> <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sul"le*vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sublevare</i> to raise up.  Cf. <u>Sublevation</u>.] <def>To rouse;
to excite.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1443 !></p>

<p><hw>Sul"li*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Sullage</u>,
<u>Suillage</u>, or <u>Sully</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>Foulness; filth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Though we wipe away with never so much care the dirt
thrown at us, there will be left some <i>sulliage</i>
behind.</blockquote> <i>Gov. of Tongue.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sul"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sullied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sullying</u> (?).] [OE. <i>sulien</i>, AS. <i>sylian</i>, fr.
<i>sol</i> mire; akin to G. <i>suhle</i> mire, <i>sich</i>,
<i>s&uuml;hlen</i> to wallow, Sw. <i>s&ouml;la</i> to bemire, Dan.
<i>s&ouml;le</i>, Goth. bi<i>saulijan</i> to defile.] <def>To soil; to
dirty; to spot; to tarnish; to stain; to darken; -- used literally and
figuratively; as, to <i>sully</i> a sword; to <i>sully</i> a person's
reputation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Statues <i>sullied</i> yet with sacrilegious
smoke.</blockquote> <i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No spots to <i>sully</i> the brightness of this
solemnity.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sul"ly</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become soiled or
tarnished.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Silvering will <i>sully</i> and canker more than
gilding.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sul"ly</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sullies</b></plw> (&?;). <def>Soil; tarnish; stain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A noble and triumphant merit breaks through little
spots and <i>sullies</i> in his reputation.</blockquote>
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sulph*ac"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sulpho-</i> +
<i>acid</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An acid in which, to a greater or
less extent, sulphur plays a part analogous to that of oxygen in an
oxyacid; thus, thiosulphuric and sulpharsenic acids are
<i>sulphacids</i>; -- called also <i>sulphoacid</i>. See the Note
under <u>Acid</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulph*am"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of sulphamic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulph*am"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a sulphamide; derived from, or related to, a
sulphamide; specifically, designating an amido acid derivative,
NH<sub>2</sub>.SO<sub>2</sub>.OH, of sulphuric acid (analogous to
sulphonic acid) which is not known in the free state, but is known in
its salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulph*am"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Any one of a series of amido compounds obtained by treating
sulphuryl chloride with various amines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulph`a*nil"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<i>sulph</i>uric + <i>ani</i>lene.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining
to, or designating, an anilene sulphonic acid which is obtained as a
white crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulph*an`ti*mo"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of sulphantimonic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulph*an`ti*mon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Sulph</i>o- + <i>antimonic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or designating, a hypothetical sulphacid of antimony
(called also <i>thioantimonic acid</i>) analogous to sulpharsenic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulph*an`ti*mo"ni*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, a hypothetical
sulphacid of antimony (called also <i>thioantimonious acid</i>)
analogous to sulpharsenious acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulph*an"ti*mo*nite`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of sulphantimonious acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulph*ar"se*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of sulpharsenic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulph`ar*sen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sulph</i>o-
+ <i>arsenic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
designating, a hypothetical sulphacid (called also <i>thioarsenic
acid</i>) analogous to arsenic acid, and known only in its
salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulph`ar*se"ni*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, a hypothetical
sulphacid (called also <i>thioarsenious acid</i>) analogous to
arsenious acid, and known only in its salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulph*ar"se*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of sulpharsenious acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>sulphas</i>,
<i>sulphatis</i>, fr. L. <i>sulphur</i>, <i>sulfur</i>, brimstone,
sulphur: cf. F. <i>sulfate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of
sulphuric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul*phat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, resembling, or containing, a sulphate or
sulphates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"pha*to-</hw> (?). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A combining form
(also used adjectively) denoting a <i>sulphate as an ingredient</i> in
certain double salts; as, <i>sulphato</i>-carbonate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sulph*au"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of sulphauric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulph*au"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sulph</i>o- +
<i>aurum</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating,
a hypothetical sulphacid of gold (<i>aurum</i>), known only in its
salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
binary compound of sulphur, or one so regarded; -- formerly called
<i>sulphuret</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Double sulphide</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a compound of
two sulphides.</cd> -- <col><b>Hydrogen sulphide</b></col>.
<i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Hydrogen</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Metallic
sulphide</b></col>, <cd>a binary compound of sulphur with a
metal.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of a sulphinic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulph*in`di*got"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, a sulphonic
acid obtained, as a blue solution, by dissolving indigo in sulphuric
acid; -- formerly called also <i>cerulic sulphuric</i> acid, but
properly called <i>indigo-disulphonic acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Any one of a series of basic compounds which consist essentially
of sulphur united with hydrocarbon radicals. In general they are oily
or crystalline deliquescent substances having a peculiar odor; as,
<i>trimethyl sulphine</i>, (CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>S.OH.  Cf.
<u>Sulphonium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul*phin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, any one of a series of acids
regarded as acid ethereal salts of hyposulphurous acid; as, methyl
<i>sulphinic</i> acid, CH<sub>3</sub>.SO.OH, a thick unstable
liquid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phi*nide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sulph</i>o- +
am<i>in</i>e + anhydr<i>ide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white or
yellowish crystalline substance,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>.(SO<sub>2</sub>.CO).NH, produced
artificially by the oxidation of a sulphamic derivative of toluene. It
is the sweetest substance known, having over two hundred times the
sweetening power of sugar, and is known in commerce under the name of
<i>saccharine</i>. It has acid properties and forms salts (which are
inaccurately called <i>saccharinates</i>).</def>  <i>I.
Remsen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phi*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sulph</i>o- +
<i>ion</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hypothetical radical,
SO<sub>4</sub>, regarded as forming the acid or negative constituent
of sulphuric acid and the sulphates in electrolytic decomposition; --
so called in accordance with the binary theory of salts.</def>
[Written also <i>sulphione</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sulph*i"on*ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A binary compound of sulphion, or one so regarded; thus,
sulphuric acid, H&?;SO&?;, is a <i>sulphionide</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sulfite</i>. See <u>Sulphur</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of
sulphurous acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"pho-</hw> (?). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A prefix (also used
adjectively) designating <i>sulphur as an ingredient</i> in certain
compounds.  Cf. <u>Thio-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`pho*ar*sen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or containing, sulphur and arsenic; -- said of
an acid which is the same as arsenic acid with the substitution of
sulphur for oxygen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`pho*car"bon*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of sulphocarbonic acid; a
thiocarbonate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`pho*car*bon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, a sulphacid,
H<sub>2</sub>CSO<sub>2</sub> (called also <i>thiocarbonic</i>
<i>acid</i>), or an acid, H<sub>2</sub>CS<sub>3</sub>, analogous to
carbonic acid, obtained as a yellow oily liquid of a pungent odor, and
forming salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`pho*cy"a*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of sulphocyanic acid; -- also called <i>thiocyanate</i>,
and formerly inaccurately <i>sulphocyanide</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ferric sulphocyanate</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a dark
red crystalline substance usually obtained in a blood-red solution,
and recognized as a test for ferric iron.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sul`pho*cy*an"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sulphur</u>, <u>Cyanic</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to,
derived from, or designating, a sulphacid, HSCN, analogous to cyanic
acid, and obtained as a colorless deliquescent crystalline substance,
having a bitter saline taste, and not poisonous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`pho*cy"a*nide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See <u>Sulphocyanate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`pho*cy*an"o*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Persulphocyanogen</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sul"pho*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
substance employed as a hypnotic, produced by the union of mercaptan
and acetone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"pho*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of sulphonic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Any one of a series of compounds analogous to the ketones, and
consisting of the sulphuryl group united with two hydrocarbon
radicals; as, dimethyl <i>sulphone</i>, (CH&?;)&?;.SO&?;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul*phon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, a sulphone; -- used specifically
to designate any one of a series of acids (regarded as acid ethereal
salts of sulphurous acid) obtained by the oxidation of the mercaptans,
or by treating sulphuric acid with certain aromatic bases (as
benzene); as, phenyl <i>sulphonic</i> acid,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>.SO<sub>2</sub>.OH, a stable colorless
crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sulphonic group</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the
hypothetical radical, SO<sub>2</sub>.OH, the characteristic residue of
sulphonic acids.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sul*pho"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sulph</i>ur +
amm<i>onium</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hypothetical radical,
SH<sub>3</sub>, regarded as the type and nucleus of the
sulphines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`pho*phos"phate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of sulphophosphoric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`pho*phos"phite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of sulphophosphorous acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`pho*phos*phor"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or designating, a hypothetical sulphacid of phosphorus,
analogous to phosphoric acid, and known in its salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`pho*phos"phor*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, a hypothetical
acid of phosphorus, analogous to phosphorous acid, and known in its
salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"pho*salt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of a sulphacid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`pho*stan"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of sulphostannic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`pho*stan"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, a sulphacid of tin (more
exactly called <i>metasulphostannic acid</i>), which is obtained as a
dark brown amorphous substance, H&?;SnS&?;, forming a well-known
series of salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`pho*tung"state</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of sulphotungstic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`pho*tung"stic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, hypothetical sulphacid of
tungsten (called also <i>sulphowolframic acid</i>), analogous to
sulphuric acid, and known in its salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`pho*vin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sulpho-</i> +
<i>vinum</i> wine: cf. F. <i>sulfovinique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, and formerly designating, ethylsulphuric
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., better
<i>sulfur</i>: cf. F. <i>soufre</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A nonmetallic element occurring naturally in large
quantities, either combined as in the sulphides (as <i>pyrites</i>)
and sulphates (as <i>gypsum</i>), or native in volcanic regions, in
vast beds mixed with gypsum and various earthy materials, from which
it is melted out. Symbol S. Atomic weight 32. The specific gravity of
ordinary octohedral sulphur is 2.05; of prismatic sulphur,
1.96.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is purified by distillation, and is obtained as a lemon-
yellow powder (by sublimation), called <i>flour</i>, or
<i>flowers</i>, <i>of sulphur</i>, or in cast sticks called <i>roll
sulphur</i>, or <i>brimstone</i>. It burns with a blue flame and a
peculiar suffocating odor. It is an ingredient of gunpowder, is used
on friction matches, and in medicine (as a laxative and insecticide),
but its chief use is in the manufacture of sulphuric acid. Sulphur can
be obtained in two crystalline modifications, in orthorhombic
octahedra, or in monoclinic prisms, the former of which is the more
stable at ordinary temperatures. Sulphur is the type, in its chemical
relations, of a group of elements, including <i>selenium</i> and
<i>tellurium</i>, called collectively the <i>sulphur group</i>, or
<i>family</i>. In many respects sulphur resembles oxygen.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of yellow or orange butterflies of the subfamily
<i>Pierin&aelig;</i>; as, the clouded <i>sulphur</i> (<i>Eurymus, or
Colias, philodice</i>), which is the common yellow butterfly of the
Eastern United States.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Amorphous sulphur</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an elastic
variety of sulphur of a resinous appearance, obtained by pouring
melted sulphur into water. On standing, it passes back into a brittle
crystalline modification.</cd> -- <col><b>Liver of sulphur</b></col>.
<i>(Old Chem.)</i> <cd>See <u>Hepar</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sulphur
acid</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See <u>Sulphacid</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sulphur alcohol</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Mercaptan</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sulphur auratum</b></col> [L.]
<i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>a golden yellow powder, consisting of
antimonic sulphide, Sb<sub>2</sub>S<sub>5</sub>, -- formerly a famous
nostrum.</cd> -- <col><b>Sulphur base</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an
alkaline sulphide capable of acting as a base in the formation of
sulphur salts according to the old dual theory of salts.</cd>
[Archaic] -- <col><b>Sulphur dioxide</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
colorless gas, SO<sub>2</sub>, of a pungent, suffocating odor,
produced by the burning of sulphur. It is employed chiefly in the
production of sulphuric acid, and as a reagent in bleaching; -- called
also <i>sulphurous anhydride</i>, and formerly <i>sulphurous
acid</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sulphur ether</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>a sulphide of hydrocarbon radicals, formed like the ordinary
ethers, which are oxides, but with sulphur in the place of
oxygen.</cd> -- <col><b>Sulphur salt</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
salt of a sulphacid; a sulphosalt.</cd> -- <col><b>Sulphur
showers</b></col>, <cd>showers of yellow pollen, resembling sulphur in
appearance, often carried from pine forests by the wind to a great
distance.</cd> -- <col><b>Sulphur trioxide</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>a white crystalline solid, SO<sub>3</sub>, obtained by oxidation
of sulphur dioxide. It dissolves in water with a hissing noise and the
production of heat, forming sulphuric acid, and is employed as a
dehydrating agent. Called also <i>sulphuric anhydride</i>, and
formerly <i>sulphuric acid</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sulphur
whale</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Sulphur-
bottom</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vegetable sulphur</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>lycopodium powder. See under <u>Lycopodium</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phu*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sulphuratus</i>, <i>sulfuratus</i>.] <def>Sulphureous.</def>
[Poetic & R.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phu*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sulphurated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sulphurating</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To
sulphurize.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Sul`phu*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sulfuration</i>, L. <i>sulphuratio</i>, <i>sulfuratio</i>, a vein
of sulphur.] <def>The act or process of combining or impregnating with
sulphur or its compounds; also, the state of being so combined or
impregnated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phu*ra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An apparatus
for impregnating with, or exposing to the action of, sulphur;
especially, an apparatus for fumigating or bleaching by means of the
fumes of burning sulphur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`phur-bot"tom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A very large whalebone whale of the genus
<i>Sibbaldius</i>, having a yellowish belly; especially, <i>S.
sulfureus</i> of the North Pacific, and <i>S. borealis</i> of the
North Atlantic; -- called also <i>sulphur whale</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`phu*re"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being sulphureous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sul*phu"re*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sulphureus</i>, <i>sulfureus</i>.] <def>Consisting of sulphur;
having the qualities of sulphur, or brimstone; impregnated with
sulphur.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her snakes united, <i>sulphureous</i> waters
drink.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sul*phu"re*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sul*phu"re*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phu*ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A sulphide; as, a <i>sulphuret</i> of potassium.</def>
[Obsoles.]</p>

<p><hw>Sul"phu*ret`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Combined or impregnated with sulphur; sulphurized.</def> [Written
also <i>sulphuretted</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Sulphureted hydrogen</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Hydrogen sulphide</i>, under <u>Hydrogen</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sul*phu"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sulfurique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
sulphur; as, a <i>sulphuric</i> smell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Derived from, or containing,
sulphur; specifically, designating those compounds in which the
element has a higher valence as contrasted with the <i>sulphurous</i>
compounds; as, <i>sulphuric</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sulphuric acid</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Sulphur
trioxide (see under <u>Sulphur</u>); -- formerly so called on the
dualistic theory of salts.</cd> [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
heavy, corrosive, oily liquid, H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, colorless
when pure, but usually yellowish or brownish, produced by the combined
action of sulphur dioxide, oxygen (from the air), steam, and nitric
fumes. It attacks and dissolves many metals and other intractable
substances, sets free most acids from their salts, and is used in the
manufacture of hydrochloric and nitric acids, of soda, of bleaching
powders, etc. It is also powerful dehydrating agent, having a strong
affinity for water, and eating and corroding paper, wood, clothing,
etc.   It is thus used in the manufacture of ether, of imitation
parchment, and of nitroglycerin. It is also used in etching iron, in
removing iron scale from forgings, in petroleum refining, etc., and in
general its manufacture is the most important and fundamental of all
the chemical industries. Formerly called <i>vitriolic acid</i>, and
now popularly <i>vitriol</i>, and <i>oil of vitriol</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Fuming sulphuric acid</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Nordhausen
sulphuric acid</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Disulphuric acid</i>, under
<u>Disulphuric</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sulphuric anhydride</b></col>,
<cd>sulphur trioxide. See under <u>Sulphur</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sulphuric ether</b></col>, <cd>common an&aelig;sthetic ether;
-- so called because made by the catalytic action of sulphuric acid on
alcohol. See <u>Ether</u>, 3 <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phur*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sulphureous.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sul"phur*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Exposure to the
fumes of burning sulphur, as in bleaching; the process of bleaching by
exposure to the fumes of sulphur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phur*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>To combine or impregnate with sulphur or any of its compounds;
as, to <i>sulphurize</i> caoutchouc in vulcanizing.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1444 !></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phur*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sulphurosus</i>, <i>sulfurosus</i>: cf. F. <i>sulfureux</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to sulphur.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Derived
from, or containing, sulphur; specifically, designating those
compounds in which the element has a lower valence as contrasted with
the <i>sulphuric</i> compounds.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having
the characteristic odor of sulphur dioxide, or of hydrogen sulphide,
or of other sulphur compounds.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sulphurous acid</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Sulphur
dioxide. See under <u>Sulphur</u>.</cd> [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>An acid, H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>3</sub>, not known in the free state
except as a solution of sulphur dioxide in water, but forming a well-
known series of salts (the <i>sulphites</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Sulphurous anhydride</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>sulphur
dioxide. See under <u>Sulphur</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phur*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The hog's fennel. See under <u>Fennel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phur*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling, or
partaking of the nature of, sulphur; having the qualities of
sulphur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phur*yl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sulphur</i> +
<i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The hypothetical radical
SO<sub>2</sub>; -- called also <i>sulphon</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sulphuryl chloride</b></col>, <cd>a chloride, pungent,
fuming liquid, SO<sub>2</sub>.Cl<sub>2</sub>, obtained by the action
of phosphorus pentachloride on sulphur trioxide. On treatment with
water it decomposes into sulphuric and hydrochloric acids, and is
hence called also <i>sulphuric chloranhydride</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sul*phy"drate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A compound, analogous to a hydrate, regarded as a salt of
sulphydric acid, or as a derivative of hydrogen sulphide in which one
half of the hydrogen is replaced by a base (as potassium
<i>sulphydrate</i>, KSH), or as a hydrate in which the oxygen has been
wholly or partially replaced by sulphur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul*phy"dric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, hydrogen sulphide, which is
regarded as an acid, especially when in solution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul*pi"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called after the
parish of St. <i>Sulpice</i> in Paris, of which the founder, Jean
Jacques Olier, was pastor in 1643.] <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>One of an
order of priests established in France in 1642 to educate men for the
ministry. The order was introduced soon afterwards into Canada, and in
1791 into the United States.</def> [Written also
<i>Sulpitian</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sul"tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sultan</i> (cf.
Sp. <i>soldan</i>, It. <i>sultano</i>, <i>soldano</i>), Ar.
<i>sult&amacr;n</i> sultan, dominion.  Cf. <u>Soldan</u>.] <def>A
ruler, or sovereign, of a Mohammedan state; specifically, the ruler of
the Turks; the Padishah, or Grand Seignior; -- officially so
called.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sultan flower</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <i>Sweet
sultan</i>, under <u>Sweet</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sul*ta"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The wife of a sultan; a sultaness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A kind of seedless raisin
produced near Smyrna in Asiatic Turkey.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sultana bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
hyacinthine, or purple, gallinule. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Gallinule</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sul"tan*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sultanat</i>.] <def>The rule or dominion of a sultan;
sultanship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"tan*ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sultana.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul*tan"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to a
sultan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"tan-red`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a deep
red color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"tan*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The dominions of
a sultan.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sul"tan*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or
dignity of a sultan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"tan*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sultanry.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sul"tri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sultry
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"tri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sultry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"try</hw> (-tr&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sultrier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sultriest</u>.] [From <u>Sweltry</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Very hot, burning, and oppressive; as, Libya's
<i>sultry</i> deserts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such as, born beneath the burning sky<BR>
And <i>sultry</i> sun, betwixt the tropics lie.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Very hot and moist, or hot, close,
stagnant, and oppressive, as air.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When in the <i>sultry</i> glebe I faint,<BR>
Or on the thirsty mountain plant.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>summe</i>,
<i>somme</i>, OF. <i>sume</i>, <i>some</i>, F. <i>somme</i>, L.
<i>summa</i>, fr. <i>summus</i> highest, a superlative from <i>sub</i>
under. See <u>Sub-</u>, and cf. <u>Supreme</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The aggregate of two or more numbers, magnitudes, quantities, or
particulars; the amount or whole of any number of individuals or
particulars added together; as, the <i>sum</i> of 5 and 7 is
12.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Take ye the <i>sum</i> of all the
congregation.</blockquote> <i>Num. i. 2.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sum</i> is now commonly applied to an aggregate of
numbers, and <i>number</i> to an aggregate of persons or things.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A quantity of money or currency; any
amount, indefinitely; as, a <i>sum</i> of money; a small <i>sum</i>,
or a large <i>sum</i>.</def> "The <i>sum</i> of forty pound."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With a great <i>sum</i> obtained I this
freedom.</blockquote> <i>Acts xxii. 28.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The principal points or thoughts when
viewed together; the amount; the substance; compendium; as, this is
the <i>sum</i> of all the evidence in the case; this is the <i>sum</i>
and substance of his objections.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Height; completion; utmost
degree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus have I told thee all my state, and brought<BR>
My story to the <i>sum</i> of earthly bliss.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Arith.)</i> <def>A problem to be solved, or
an example to be wrought out.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>sum</i> in arithmetic wherein a flaw discovered at
a particular point is <i>ipso facto</i> fatal to the
whole.</blockquote> <i>Gladstone.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A large sheet of paper . . . covered with long
<i>sums</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Algebraic sum</b></col>, <cd>as distinguished from
<i>arithmetical sum</i>, the aggregate of two or more numbers or
quantities taken with regard to their signs, as + or -, according to
the rules of addition in algebra; thus, the <i>algebraic sum</i> of -
2, 8, and -1 is 5.</cd> -- <col><b>In sum</b></col>, <cd>in short; in
brief.</cd> [Obs.] "<i>In sum</i>, the gospel . . . prescribes every
virtue to our conduct, and forbids every sin." <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sum</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Summed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Summing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>sommer</i>, LL. <i>summare</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring together into one whole; to collect
into one amount; to cast up, as a column of figures; to ascertain the
totality of; -- usually with <i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mind doth value every moment, and then the hour
doth rather <i>sum</i> up the moments, than divide the
day.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring or collect into a small compass;
to comprise in a few words; to condense; -- usually with
<i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"Go to the ant, thou sluggard," in few words
<i>sums</i> up the moral of this fable.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>sums</i> their virtues in himself
alone.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Falconry)</i> <def>To have (the feathers)
full grown; to furnish with complete, or full-grown,
plumage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But feathered soon and fledge<BR>
They <i>summed</i> their pens [wings].</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Summing up</b></col>, <cd>a compendium or abridgment; a
recapitulation; a r&eacute;sum&eacute;; a summary.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To cast up; collect; comprise; condense; comprehend;
compute.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Su"mac</hw>, <hw>Su"mach</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>sumac</i>, formerly <i>sumach</i> (cf. Sp. <i>zumaque</i>), fr.
Ar. <i>summ&amacr;q</i>.] [Written also <i>shumac</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the genus
<i>Rhus</i>, shrubs or small trees with usually compound leaves and
clusters of small flowers. Some of the species are used in tanning,
some in dyeing, and some in medicine. One, the Japanese <i>Rhus
vernicifera</i>, yields the celebrated Japan varnish, or
lacquer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The powdered leaves, peduncles, and young
branches of certain species of the sumac plant, used in tanning and
dyeing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Poison sumac</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Poison</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Su*ma"tran</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Sumatra or its inhabitants.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
native of Sumatra.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sum"bul</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pers.] <def>The musky
root of an Asiatic umbelliferous plant, <i>Ferula Sumbul</i>. It is
used in medicine as a stimulant.</def> [Written also <i>sumbal</i>.] -
- <wf>Sum*bul"ic</wf>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sum"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not to be summed
up or computed; so great that the amount can not be ascertained;
incalculable; inestimable.</def> "Sumless treasure."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sum"ma*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a summary
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sum"ma*rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
summarized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sum"ma*rize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To comprise
in, or reduce to, a summary; to present briefly.</def>
<i>Chambers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sum"ma*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sommaire</i>. See <u>Sum</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Formed into
a sum; summed up; reduced into a narrow compass, or into few words;
short; brief; concise; compendious; as, a <i>summary</i> statement of
facts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, rapidly performed; quickly executed;
as, a <i>summary</i> process; to take <i>summary</i>
vengeance.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Short; brief; concise; compendious; succinct.</p>

<p><hw>Sum"ma*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Summaries</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>sommaire</i>, or L.
<i>summarium</i>. See <u>Summary</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A
general or comprehensive statement; an abridged account; an abstract,
abridgment, or compendium, containing the sum or substance of a fuller
account.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sum*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sommation</i>. See <u>Sum</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>The
act of summing, or forming a sum, or total amount; also, an
aggregate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of this series no <i>summation</i> is possible to a
finite intellect.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Sum</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>One who sums; one who casts up an
account.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sommier</i> a rafter,
the same word as <i>sommier</i> a beast of burden. See
<u>Sumpter</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A large stone or beam placed
horizontally on columns, piers, posts, or the like, serving for
various uses. Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> The lintel of a door
or window. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> The commencement of a cross vault.
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> A central floor timber, as a girder, or a piece
reaching from a wall to a girder. Called also
<i>summertree</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sumer</i>,
<i>somer</i>, AS. <i>sumor</i>, <i>sumer</i>; akin to OFries.
<i>sumur</i>, D. <i>zomer</i>, OS. <i>sumar</i>, G. <i>sommer</i>,
OHG. & Icel. <i>sumar</i>, Dan. <i>sommer</i>, Sw. <i>sommar</i>, W.
<i>haf</i>, Zend <i>hama</i>, Skr. <i>sam&amacr;</i> year.
&radic;292.] <def>The season of the year in which the sun shines most
directly upon any region; the warmest period of the year.</def></p>

<p>&fist; North of the equator summer is popularly taken to include
the months of June, July, and August. Astronomically it may be
considered, in the northern hemisphere, to begin with the summer
solstice, about June 21st, and to end with the autumnal equinox, about
September 22d.</p>

<p><col><b>Indian summer</b></col>, <cd>in North America, a period of
warm weather late in autumn, usually characterized by a clear sky, and
by a hazy or smoky appearance of the atmosphere, especially near the
horizon. The name is derived probably from the custom of the Indians
of using this time in preparation for winter by laying in stores of
food.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint Martin's summer</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Saint</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Summer bird</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the wryneck.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] --
<col><b>Summer colt</b></col>, <cd>the undulating state of the air
near the surface of the ground when heated.</cd> [Eng.] --
<col><b>Summer complaint</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a popular term
for any diarrheal disorder occurring in summer, especially when
produced by heat and indigestion.</cd> -- <col><b>Summer
coot</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the American gallinule.</cd>
[Local, U.S.] -- <col><b>Summer cypress</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>an annual plant (<i>Kochia Scoparia</i>) of the Goosefoot family.
It has narrow, ciliate, crowded leaves, and is sometimes seen in
gardens.</cd> -- <col><b>Summer duck</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The wood duck.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>The garganey, or summer teal. See <i>Illust.</i> of <i>Wood
duck</i>, under <u>Wood</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Summer fallow</b></col>,
<cd>land uncropped and plowed, etc., during the summer, in order to
pulverize the soil and kill the weeds.</cd> -- <col><b>Summer
rash</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>prickly heat. See under
<u>Prickly</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Summer sheldrake</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the hooded merganser.</cd> [Local, U.S.] --
<col><b>Summer snipe</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The dunlin.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The
common European sandpiper.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>The green
sandpiper.</cd> -- <col><b>Summer tanager</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a singing bird (<i>Piranga rubra</i>) native
of the Middle and Southern United States. The male is deep red, the
female is yellowish olive above and yellow beneath. Called also
<i>summer redbird</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Summer teal</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, the blue-winged teal. [Local, U.S.] --
<col><b>Summer wheat</b></col>, <cd>wheat that is sown in the spring,
and matures during the summer following. See <u>Spring wheat</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Summer yellowbird</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Yellowbird</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mer</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Summered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Summering</u>.] <def>To pass the summer; to spend the warm season;
as, to <i>summer</i> in Switzerland.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fowls shall <i>summer</i> upon them.</blockquote>
<i>Isa. xviii. 6.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mer</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To keep or carry
through the summer; to feed during the summer; as, to <i>summer</i>
stock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mer-fal"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To plow
and work in summer, in order to prepare for wheat or other crop; to
plow and let lie fallow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mer*house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Summerhouses</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A rustic house or apartment
in a garden or park, to be used as a pleasure resort in summer.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mer*li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being like summer.</def> [R.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sum"mer*sault</hw> (?), <hw>Sum"mer*set</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Somersault</u>,
<u>Somerset</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mer*stir`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To summer-
fallow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mer*tide`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Summer
time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mer*tree`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Summer</i> a
beam + <i>tree</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A summer. See 2d
<u>Summer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mer*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to summer; like summer; as, a <i>summery</i> day.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who sums up;
one who forms an abridgment or summary.</def>  <i>Sir E.
Dering.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sommet</i>, dim.
of OF. <i>som</i>, <i>sum</i>, top, from L. <i>summum</i>, from
<i>summus</i> highest. See <u>Sum</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The top; the highest point.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fixed on the <i>summit</i> of the highest
mount.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The highest degree; the utmost elevation;
the acme; as, the <i>summit</i> of human fame.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The most elevated part
of a bivalve shell, or the part in which the hinge is
situated.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Summit level</b></col>, <cd>the highest level of a canal, a
railroad, or the like, in surmounting an ascent.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mit*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
summit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mit*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>summitas</i>,
fr. <i>summus</i> highest: cf. F. <i>sommit&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Sum</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The height
or top of anything.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The utmost degree; perfection.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hallywell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mon</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Summoned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Summoning</u>.] [OE. <i>somonen</i>, OF. <i>sumundre</i>,
<i>semondre</i>, F. <i>semondre</i>, from (assumed) LL.
<i>summon&ebreve;re</i>, for L. <i>summon&emacr;re</i> to give a hint;
<i>sub</i> under + <i>monere</i> to admonish, to warn. See
<u>Monition</u>, and cf. <u>Submonish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
call, bid, or cite; to notify to come to appear; -- often with
<i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Stiffen the sinews, <i>summon</i> up the
blood.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Trumpets <i>summon</i> him to war.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give notice to, or command to appear, as
in court; to cite by authority; as, to <i>summon</i>
witnesses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To call upon to surrender, as
a fort.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To call; cite; notify; convene; convoke; excite;
invite; bid. See <u>Call</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sum"mon*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>somner</i>,
<i>sompnour</i>, OF. <i>semoneor</i>, F. <i>semonneur</i>. See
<u>Summon</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>One who summons; one who
cites by authority; specifically, a petty officer formerly employed to
summon persons to appear in court; an apparitor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mons</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Summonses</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>somouns</i>, OF.
<i>sumunse</i>, <i>semonse</i>, <i>semonce</i>, F. <i>semonce</i>,
<i>semondre</i> to summon, OF. p. p. <i>semons</i>. See <u>Summon</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of summoning; a
call by authority, or by the command of a superior, to appear at a
place named, or to attend to some duty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Special <i>summonses</i> by the king.</blockquote>
<i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>summons</i> . . . unfit either to dispute or
disobey.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Fell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He sent to summon the seditious, and to offer pardon;
but neither <i>summons</i> nor pardon was regarded.</blockquote>
<i>Sir J. Hayward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A warning or citation to
appear in court; a written notification signed by the proper officer,
to be served on a person, warning him to appear in court at a day
specified, to answer to the plaintiff, testify as a witness, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A demand to
surrender.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mons</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To summon.</def>
[R. or Colloq.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sum"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A summoner.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su*moom"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Simoom</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sump</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>sumpf</i> a sump
in a mine, a swamp, akin to LG. <i>sump</i>, D. <i>somp</i> a swamp,
Dan. & Sw. <i>sump</i>, and perhaps to E. <i>swamp</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A round pit of stone, lined
with clay, for receiving the metal on its first fusion.</def>
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The cistern or reservoir made at the lowest
point of a mine, from which is pumped the water which accumulates
there.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A pond of water for salt works.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A puddle or dirty pool.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Sump fuse</b></col>, <cd>a fuse used in blasting under
water.</cd> -- <col><b>Sump men</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>the men
who sink the sump in a mine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sumph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dunce; a
blockhead.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Sum"pi*tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
blowgun for discharging arrows, -- used by the savages of Borneo and
adjacent islands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sump"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>sommetier</i>
the driver of a pack horse; akin to OF. & F. <i>sommier</i> a pack
horse, L. <i>sagmarius</i>, fr. <i>sagma</i> a pack saddle, in LL., a
load, Gr. &?; a pack saddle, fr. &?; to pack, load; cf. Skr.
<i>saj</i>, <i>sa&ntilde;j</i>, to hang on.  Cf. <u>Seam</u> a weight,
<u>Summer</u> a beam.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The driver of a pack
horse.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Skeat.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pack; a burden.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An animal, especially a horse, that carries
packs or burdens; a baggage horse.</def>  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sump"ter</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Carrying pack or
burdens on the back; as, a <i>sumpter</i> horse; a <i>sumpter</i>
mule.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sump"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sumptio</i>,
fr. <i>sumere</i>, <i>sumptum</i>, to take.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
taking.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>The major premise of a
syllogism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sump"tu*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sumptuarius</i>, fr. <i>sumptus</i> expense, cost, fr.
<i>sumere</i>, <i>sumptum</i>, to take, use, spend; <i>sub</i> under +
<i>emere</i> to take, buy: cf. F. <i>somptuaire</i>. See
<u>Redeem</u>.] <def>Relating to expense; regulating expense or
expenditure.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sumptuary</b></col> <col><b>laws or regulations</b></col>,
<cd>laws intended to restrain or limit the expenditure of citizens in
apparel, food, furniture, etc.; laws which regulate the prices of
commodities and the wages of labor; laws which forbid or restrict the
use of certain articles, as of luxurious apparel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sump`tu*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sumptuositas</i>: cf. F. <i>somptuosit&eacute;</i>.]
<def>Expensiveness; costliness; sumptuousness.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1445 !></p>

<p><hw>Sump"tu*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sumptuosus</i>, fr. <i>sumptus</i> expanse, cost: cf. F.
<i>somptueux</i>. See <u>Sumptuary</u>.] <def>Involving large outlay
or expense; costly; expensive; hence, luxurious; splendid;
magnificient; as, a <i>sumptuous</i> house or table; <i>sumptuous</i>
apparel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are too magnificient and <i>sumptuous</i> in our
tables and attendance.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She spoke, and turned her <i>sumptuous</i> head, with
eyes<BR>
Of shining expectation fixed on mine.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sump"tu*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sump"tu*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sun</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Sunn</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sunne</i>,
<i>sonne</i>, AS. <i>sunne</i>; akin to OFries. <i>sunne</i>, D.
<i>zon</i>, OS. & OHG. <i>sunna</i>, G. <i>sonne</i>, Icel.
<i>sunna</i>, Goth. <i>sunna</i>; perh. fr. same root as L.
<i>sol</i>. &radic;297.  Cf. <u>Solar</u>, <u>South</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The luminous orb, the light of which
constitutes day, and its absence night; the central body round which
the earth and planets revolve, by which they are held in their orbits,
and from which they receive light and heat. Its mean distance from the
earth is about 92,500,000 miles, and its diameter about
860,000.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Its mean apparent diameter as seen from the earth is
32&prime; 4&Prime;, and it revolves on its own axis once in 25&frac13;
days. Its mean density is about one fourth of that of the earth, or
1.41, that of water being unity. Its luminous surface is called the
<i>photosphere</i>, above which is an envelope consisting partly of
hydrogen, called the <i>chromosphere</i>, which can be seen only
through the spectroscope, or at the time of a total solar eclipse.
Above the chromosphere, and sometimes extending out millions of miles,
are luminous rays or streams of light which are visible only at the
time of a total eclipse, forming the solar <i>corona</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any heavenly body which forms the center of
a system of orbs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The direct light or warmth of the sun;
sunshine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lambs that did frisk in the <i>sun</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles the sun, as in
splendor or importance; any source of light, warmth, or
animation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For the Lord God is a <i>sun</i> and
shield.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxxiv. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will never consent to put out the <i>sun</i> of
sovereignity to posterity.</blockquote> <i>Eikon Basilike.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sun and planet wheels</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>an
ingenious contrivance for converting reciprocating motion, as that of
the working beam of a steam engine, into rotatory motion. It consists
of a toothed wheel (called the <i>sun wheel</i>), firmly secured to
the shaft it is desired to drive, and another wheel (called the
<i>planet wheel</i>) secured to the end of a connecting rod. By the
motion of the connecting rod, the planet wheel is made to circulate
round the central wheel on the shaft, communicating to this latter a
velocity of revolution the double of its own.</cd> <i>G. Francis.</i>
-- <col><b>Sun angel</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a South
American humming bird of the genus <i>Heliangelos</i>, noted for its
beautiful colors and the brilliant luster of the feathers of its
throat.</cd> -- <col><b>Sun animalcute</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Heliozoa</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sun bath</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>exposure of a patient to the sun's rays;
insolation.</cd> -- <col><b>Sun bear</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a species of bear (<i>Helarctos Malayanus</i>) native of Southern
Asia and Borneo. It has a small head and short neck, and fine short
glossy fur, mostly black, but brownish on the nose. It is easily
tamed. Called also <i>bruang</i>, and <i>Malayan bear</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sun beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any small
lustrous beetle of the genus <i>Amara</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sun
bittern</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a singular South American
bird (<i>Eurypyga helias</i>), in some respects related both to the
rails and herons. It is beautifully variegated with white, brown, and
black. Called also <i>sunbird</i>, and <i>tiger bittern</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sun fever</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>the condition of fever
produced by sun stroke.</cd> -- <col><b>Sun gem</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a Brazilian humming bird (<i>Heliactin
cornutus</i>). Its head is ornamented by two tufts of bright colored
feathers, fiery crimson at the base and greenish yellow at the tip.
Called also <i>Horned hummer</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sun grebe</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the finfoot.</cd> -- <col><b>Sun
picture</b></col>, <cd>a picture taken by the agency of the sun's
rays; a photograph.</cd> -- <col><b>Sun spots</b></col>
<i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>dark spots that appear on the sun's disk,
consisting commonly of a black central portion with a surrounding
border of lighter shade, and usually seen only by the telescope, but
sometimes by the naked eye. They are very changeable in their figure
and dimensions, and vary in size from mere apparent points to spaces
of 50,000 miles in diameter. The term <i>sun spots</i> is often used
to include bright spaces (called <i>facul&aelig;</i>) as well as dark
spaces (called <i>macul&aelig;</i>). Called also <i>solar spots</i>.
See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</cd> -- <col><b>Sun
star</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of
starfishes belonging to <i>Solaster</i>, <i>Crossaster</i>, and allied
genera, having numerous rays.</cd> -- <col><b>Sun trout</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the squeteague.</cd> -- <col><b>Sun
wheel</b></col>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <cd>See <i>Sun and planet wheels</i>,
above.</cd> -- <col><b>Under the sun</b></col>, <cd>in the world; on
earth.</cd> "There is no new thing <i>under the sun</i>." <i>Eccl. i.
9.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sun</i> is often used in the formation of compound
adjectives of obvious meaning; as, <i>sun</i>-bright, <i>sun</i>-
dried, <i>sun</i>-gilt, <i>sun</i>like, <i>sun</i>-lit, <i>sun</i>-
scorched, and the like.</p>

<p><hw>Sun</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sunned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sunning</u>.] <def>To expose to the sun's rays; to warm or dry in
the sun; as, to <i>sun</i> cloth; to <i>sun</i> grain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then to <i>sun</i> thyself in open air.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"beam`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sunnebeam</i>.] <def>A beam or ray of the sun.</def> "Evening
<i>sunbeams</i>."  <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thither came Uriel, gliding through the even<BR>
On a <i>sunbeam</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any one of numerous species of small
brilliantly colored birds of the family <i>Nectariniid&aelig;</i>,
native of Africa, Southern Asia, the East Indies, and Australia. In
external appearance and habits they somewhat resemble humming birds,
but they are true singing birds (Oscines).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The sun bittern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"blink`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A glimpse or
flash of the sun.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"bon"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bonnet,
generally made of some thin or light fabric, projecting beyond the
face, and commonly having a cape, -- worn by women as a protection
against the sun.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"bow`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rainbow; an
iris.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"burn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sunburned</u> (?) or <u>Sunburnt</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p.
pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Sunburning</u>.] <def>To burn or discolor by
the sun; to tan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sunburnt</i> and swarthy though she be.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"burn`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The burning or
discoloration produced on the skin by the heat of the sun;
tan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"-burn`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A circle or
cluster of gas-burners for lighting and ventilating public
buildings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"burn`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sunburn;
tan.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"burst`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A burst of
sunlight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"dart`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sunbeam.</def>
[R.]  <i>Mrs. Hemans.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"day</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sunnand&aelig;g</i>; <i>sunne</i>, gen. <i>sunnan</i>, the sun +
<i>d&aelig;g</i> day; akin to D. <i>zondag</i>, G. <i>sonntag</i>; --
so called because this day was anciently dedicated to the <i>sun</i>,
or to its worship. See <u>Sun</u>, and <u>Day</u>.] <def>The first day
of the week, -- consecrated among Christians to rest from secular
employments, and to religious worship; the Christian Sabbath; the
Lord's Day.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Advent Sunday</b></col>, <col><b>Low Sunday</b></col>,
<col><b>Passion Sunday</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under <u>Advent</u>,
<u>Low</u>, etc.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Sabbath</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sun"day</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to the
Christian Sabbath.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sunday letter</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Dominical letter</i>,
under <u>Dominical</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sunday school</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>School</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sun"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sundered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sundering</u>.] [OE. <i>sundren</i>, AS. <i>sundrain</i> (in
&amacr;<i>sundrain</i>, ge<i>sundrain</i>), from <i>sundor</i>
asunder, separately, apart; akin to D. <i>zonder</i>, prep., without,
G. <i>sonder</i> separate, as prep., without, <i>sondern</i> but, OHG.
<i>suntar</i> separately, Icel. <i>sundr</i> asunder, Sw. & Dan.
<i>s&ouml;nder</i>, Goth. <i>sundr&omacr;</i> alone, separately.]
<def>To disunite in almost any manner, either by rending, cutting, or
breaking; to part; to put or keep apart; to separate; to divide; to
sever; as, to <i>sunder</i> a rope; to <i>sunder</i> a limb; to
<i>sunder</i> friends.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is <i>sundered</i> from the main land by a sandy
plain.</blockquote> <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To part; to
separate.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"der</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sunder</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Asunder</u>.] <def>A separation
into parts; a division or severance.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In sunder</b></col>, <cd>into parts.</cd> "He breaketh the
bow, and cutteth the spear <i>in sunder</i>." <i>Ps. xlvi. 9.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To expose to the sun
and wind.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"dew`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any
plant of the genus Drosera, low bog plants whose leaves are beset with
pediceled glands which secrete a viscid fluid that glitters like
dewdrops and attracts and detains insects. After an insect is caught,
the glands curve inward like tentacles and the leaf digests it. Called
also <i>lustwort</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"di`al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An instrument to
show the time of day by means of the shadow of a gnomon, or style, on
a plate.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sundial shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any shell
of the genus Solarium. See <u>Solarium</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sun"dog`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Meteorol.)</i>
<def>A luminous spot occasionally seen a few degrees from the sun,
supposed to be formed by the intersection of two or more halos, or in
a manner similar to that of halos.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"down`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The setting of the sun; sunset.</def> "When <i>sundown</i> skirts
the moor."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of broad-brimmed sun hat worn by
women.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"-dried`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dried by the
heat of the sun.</def> "<i>Sun-dried</i> brick."  <i>Sir T.
Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"dries</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Many
different or small things; sundry things.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"dri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In sundry
ways; variously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"dry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sundry</i>,
<i>sondry</i>, AS. <i>syndrig</i>, fr. <i>sundor</i> asunder. See
<u>Sunder</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Several; divers; more than one or two; various.</def>
"<i>Sundry</i> wines." <i>Chaucer.</i> "<i>Sundry</i> weighty
reasons." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With many a sound of <i>sundry</i> melody.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sundry</i> foes the rural realm
surround.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Separate; diverse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Every church almost had the Bible of a <i>sundry</i>
translation.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><col><b>All and sundry</b></col>, <cd>all collectively, and each
separately.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sun"dry*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sundrymen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who deals in sundries, or
a variety of articles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A very large oceanic plectognath fish
(<i>Mola mola</i>, <i>Mola rotunda</i>, or <i>Orthagoriscus mola</i>)
having a broad body and a truncated tail.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Any one of numerous species of perch-like North American fresh-
water fishes of the family <i>Centrachid&aelig;</i>. They have a
broad, compressed body, and strong dorsal spines. Among the common
species of the Eastern United States are <i>Lepomis gibbosus</i>
(called also <i>bream</i>, <i>pondfish</i>, <i>pumpkin seed</i>, and
<i>sunny</i>), the blue sunfish, or dollardee (<i>L. pallidus</i>),
and the long-eared sunfish (<i>L. auritus</i>). Several of the species
are called also <i>pondfish</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The
moonfish, or bluntnosed shiner.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The
opah.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>The basking, or liver,
shark.</def> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>Any large jellyfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"flow`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any plant of
the genus <i>Helianthus</i>; -- so called probably from the form and
color of its flower, which is large disk with yellow rays. The
commonly cultivated sunflower is <i>Helianthus annuus</i>, a native of
America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sung</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Sing</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"glass`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sunglasses</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A convex lens of glass for
producing heat by converging the sun's rays into a focus.</def>
"Lighting a cigar with a <i>sunglass</i>."  <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"glow`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rosy flush in
the sky seen after sunset.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sunk</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Sink</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sunk fence</b></col>, <cd>a ditch with a retaining wall,
used to divide lands without defacing a landscape; a ha-ha.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sunk"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lying on the bottom
of a river or other water; sunk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute or
deprived of the sun or its rays; shaded; shadowed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sunken glen whose <i>sunless</i> shrubs must
weep.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"light`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The light of the
sun.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like or
resembling the sun.</def> "A spot of <i>sunlike</i> brilliancy."
<i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"lit`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lighted by the
sun.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sunn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>san</i>, fr. Skr.
<i>&ccedil;ana</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An East Indian leguminous
plant (<i>Crotalaria juncea</i>) and its fiber, which is also called
<i>sunn hemp</i>.</def> [Written also <i>sun</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sun"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>sunnah</i>
rule, law.] <def>A collection of traditions received by the orthodox
Mohammedans as of equal authority with the Koran.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"ni*ah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the sect
of Sunnites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"ni*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sunny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
orthodox Mohammedans who receive the Sunna as of equal importance with
the Koran.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"nud</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind., fr. Ar.
<i>sanad</i>.] <def>A charter or warrant; also, a deed of gift.</def>
[India]</p>

<p><hw>Sun"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sunnier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sunniest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to the sun; proceeding from, or resembling the sun;
hence, shining; bright; brilliant; radiant.</def> "<i>Sunny</i>
beams." <i>Spenser.</i> "<i>Sunny</i> locks." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exposed to the rays of the sun; brightened
or warmed by the direct rays of the sun; as, a <i>sunny</i> room; the
<i>sunny</i> side of a hill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her blooming mountains and her <i>sunny</i>
shores.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Cheerful; genial; as, a <i>sunny</i>
disposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My decayed fair<BR>
A <i>sunny</i> look of his would soon repair.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"ny</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Sunfish</u> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"proof`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Impervious to
the rays of the sun.</def> "Darksome yew, <i>sunproof</i>."
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sun"rise`</hw> (?), <hw>Sun"ris`ing</hw>, }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The first appearance of
the sun above the horizon in the morning; more generally, the time of
such appearance, whether in fair or cloudy weather; as, to begin work
at <i>sunrise</i>.</def> "The tide of <i>sunrise</i> swells."
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, the region where the sun rises; the
east.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which were beyond Jordan toward the
<i>sunrising</i>.</blockquote> <i>Deut. iv. 47 (Rev. Ver.)</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Full hot and fast the Saxon rides, with rein of travel
slack,<BR>
And, bending o'ev his saddle, leaves the <i>sunrise</i> at his
back.</blockquote> <i>Whittier.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sun"set"</hw> (?), <hw>Sun"set`ting</hw>, }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The descent of the sun
below the horizon; also, the time when the sun sets; evening. Also
used figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is the <i>sunset</i> of life gives me mystical
lore.</blockquote> <i>Campbell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, the region where the sun sets; the
west.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sunset shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a West
Indian marine bivalve (<i>Tellina radiata</i>) having a smooth shell
marked with radiating bands of varied colors resembling those seen at
sunset or before sunrise; -- called also <i>rising sun</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sun"shade`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything used as
a protection from the sun's rays.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small parasol.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>An awning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"shine`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The light of the sun, or the place where it shines; the direct
rays of the sun, the place where they fall, or the warmth and light
which they give.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But all <i>sunshine</i>, as when his beams at noon<BR>
Culminate from the equator.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything which has a warming and cheering
influence like that of the rays of the sun; warmth; illumination;
brightness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That man that sits within a monarch's heart,<BR>
And ripens in the <i>sunshine</i> of his favor.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1446 !></p>

<p><hw>Sun"shine`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sunshiny;
bright.</def> <i>Shak.</i> "<i>Sunshine</i> hours." <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"shin`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Bright with the rays of the sun; clear, warm, or pleasant; as, a
<i>sunshiny</i> day.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bright like the sun; resplendent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Flashing beams of that <i>sunshiny</i>
shield.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Beaming with good spirits; cheerful.</def>
"Her <i>sunshiny</i> face."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"squall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any large jellyfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun" star`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <i>Sun
star</i>, under <u>Sun</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"sted</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sun</i> +
<i>stead</i> a place.] <def>Solstice.</def> [Obs.] "The summer
<i>sunsted</i>."  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Aventurine feldspar. See under <u>Aventurine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"stroke`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Any affection produced by the action of the sun on some part of
the body; especially, a sudden prostration of the physical powers,
with symptoms resembling those of apoplexy, occasioned by exposure to
excessive heat, and often terminating fatally; coup de
soleil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"-struck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Overcome by, or affected with, sunstroke; as, <i>sun-struck</i>
soldiers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"up`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sunrise.</def>
[Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such a horse as that might get over a good deal of
ground atwixt <i>sunup</i> and sundown.</blockquote>
<i>Cooper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the
sun.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"wise`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
direction of the sun's apparent motion, or from the east southward and
westward, and so around the circle; also, in the same direction as the
movement of the hands of a watch lying face upward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Supped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Supping</u>.] [OE. <i>soupen</i> to drink, AS. <i>s&?;pan</i>; akin
to D. <i>zuipen</i>, G. <i>saufen</i>, OHG. <i>s&?;fan</i>, Icel.
<i>s&?;pa</i>, Sw. <i>supa</i>, Dan. <i>s&ouml;be</i>.  Cf.
<u>Sip</u>, <u>Sop</u>, <u>Soup</u>, <u>Supper</u>.] <def>To take into
the mouth with the lips, as a liquid; to take or drink by a little at
a time; to sip.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There I'll <i>sup</i><BR>
Balm and nectar in my cup.</blockquote> <i>Crashaw.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small mouthful, as of
liquor or broth; a little taken with the lips; a sip.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tom Thumb had got a little <i>sup</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Supper</u>.] <def>To
eat the evening meal; to take supper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I do entreat that we may <i>sup</i>
together.</blockquote> <i>&?;</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To treat with
supper.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sup</i> them well and look unto them
all.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su*pawn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of American Indian
origin.] <def>Boiled Indian meal; hasty pudding; mush.</def> [Written
also <i>sepawn</i>, <i>sepon</i>, and <i>suppawn</i>.] [Local,
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Supe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A super.</def>
[Theatrical Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Su"per-</hw> (?). [L. <i>super</i> over, above; akin to Gr.
&?;, L. <i>sub</i> under, and E. <i>over</i>. See <u>Over</u>, and cf.
<u>Hyper-</u>, <u>Sub-</u>, <u>Supra-</u>, <u>Sur-</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A prefix signifying <i>above</i>, <i>over</i>,
<i>beyond</i>, and hence often denoting <i>in a superior position</i>,
<i>in excess</i>, <i>over and above</i>, <i>in addition</i>,
<i>exceedingly</i>; as in <i>super</i>impose, <i>super</i>sede,
<i>super</i>natural, <i>super</i>abundance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A prefix formerly much used
to denote that the ingredient to the name of which it was prefixed was
present in a <i>large</i>, or <i>unusually large</i>, proportion as
compared with the other ingredients; as in calcium
<i>super</i>phosphate. It has been superseded by <i>per-</i>, <i>bi-
</i>, <i>di-</i>, <i>acid</i>, etc. (as <i>per</i>oxide,
<i>bi</i>carbonate, <i>di</i>sulphide, and <i>acid</i> sulphate),
which retain the old meanings of <i>super-</i>, but with sharper
definition.  Cf. <u>Acid</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Bi-</u>, <u>Di-
</u>, and <u>Per-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"per</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A contraction of
<u>Supernumerary</u>, in sense  2.</def> [Theatrical Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Su"per*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superabilis</i>, from <i>superare</i> to go over, to surmount, fr.
<i>super</i> above, over.] <def>Capable of being overcome or
conquered; surmountable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Antipathies are generally <i>superable</i> by a single
effort.</blockquote> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Su"per*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Su"per*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*a*bound"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superabundare</i>: cf. OF. <i>superabonder</i>. See <u>Super-</u>,
and <u>Abound</u>.] <def>To be very abundant or exuberant; to be more
than sufficient; as, the country <i>superabounds</i> with
corn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*a*bun"dance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superabundantia</i>: cf. OF. <i>superabondance</i>.] <def>The
quality or state of being superabundant; a superabundant quantity;
redundancy; excess.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*a*bun"dant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superabundans</i>, p. pr. of <i>superabundare</i>. See
<u>Superabound</u>.] <def>Abounding to excess; being more than is
sufficient; redundant; as, <i>superabundant</i> zeal.</def> --
<wf>Su`per*a*bun"dant*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*a*cid"u*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Acidulated to excess.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*add"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Superadded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Superadding</u>.] [L. <i>superaddere</i>. See <u>Super-</u>, and
<u>Add</u>.] <def>To add over and above; to add to what has been
added; to annex, as something extrinsic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The strength of any living creature, in those external
motion, is something distinct from, and <i>superadded</i> unto, its
natural gravity.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The peacock laid it extremely to heart that he had not
the nightingale's voice <i>superadded</i> to the beauty of his
plumes.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ad*di"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of adding something in excess or something extraneous; also, something
which is added in excess or extraneously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>superaddition</i> is nothing but
fat.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ad*ven"ient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Coming
upon; coming in addition to, or in assistance of, something.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He has done bravely by the <i>superadvenient</i>
assistance of his God.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*al`i*men*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of overfeeding, or making one take food in excess of the natural
appetite for it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"per*al`tar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>A raised shelf or stand on the back of an altar, on which
different objects can be placed; a predella or gradino.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*an*gel"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Superior
to the angels in nature or rank.</def> [R.]  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*an"nu*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> <u>Superannuated</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Superannuating</u>.] [Pref. <i>super-</i> +
L. <i>annus</i> a year.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To impair or
disquality on account of age or infirmity.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give a pension to, on account of old age
or other infirmity; to cause to retire from service on a
pension.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*an"nu*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To last
beyond the year; -- said of annual plants.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*an`nu*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being superannuated, or too old for office or business; the
state of being disqualified by old age; decrepitude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The world itself is in a state of
<i>superannuation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Slyness blinking through the watery eye of
<i>superannuation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su*perb"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>superbe</i>, L.
<i>superbus</i>, fr. <i>super</i> over. See <u>Super-</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Grand; magnificent; august; stately; as, a
<i>superb</i> edifice; a <i>superb</i> colonnade.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rich; elegant; as, <i>superb</i> furniture
or decorations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Showy; excellent; grand; as, a
<i>superb</i> exhibition.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Superb paradise bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
bird of paradise (<i>Paradis&aelig;a, or Lophorina, superba</i>)
having the scapulars erectile, and forming a large ornamental tuft on
each shoulder, and a large gorget of brilliant feathers on the breast.
The color is deep violet, or nearly black, with brilliant green
reflections. The gorget is bright metallic green.</cd> --
<col><b>Superb warber</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <i>Blue
wren</i>, under <u>Wren</u>.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Su*perb"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Su*perb"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Su*per"bi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>superbiare</i>.] <def>To make (a person) haughty.</def> [Obs. & R.]
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*car"bon*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A bicarbonate.</def> [Obsoles.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*car"bu*ret`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Bicarbureted.</def> [Written also
<i>supercarburetted</i>.] [Obsoles.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*car"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Super-</i> +
<i>cargo</i>: cf. Sp. <i>sobrecargo.</i>  Cf. <u>Surcharge</u>.]
<def>An officer or person in a merchant ship, whose duty is to manage
the sales, and superintend the commercial concerns, of the
voyage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*car"pal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated above, or in the upper part of, the carpus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ce*les"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>super-</i> + <i>celestial</i>: cf. L. <i>supercaelestis</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Situated above the firmament, or great vault
of heaven.</def>  <i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Higher than celestial;
superangelic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*charge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Supercharged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Supercharging</u> (?).] [Pref. <i>super-</i> +
<i>charge</i>.  Cf. <u>Surcharge</u>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>To charge (a
bearing) upon another bearing; as, to <i>supercharge</i> a rose upon a
fess.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*charge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>A bearing charged upon another bearing.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*chem"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Above or
beyond chemistry; inexplicable by chemical laws.</def>  <i>J. Le
Conte.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su*perch"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>supercherie</i>.] <def>Deceit; fraud; imposition.</def> [Obs. &
R.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*cil"i*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>supercilium</i> an eyebrow. See <u>Supercilious</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the eyebrows;
supraorbital.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a distinct
streak of color above the eyes; as, the <i>superciliary</i>
woodpecker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*cil"i*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superciliosus</i>, fr. <i>supercilium</i> an eyebrow, pride;
<i>super</i> over, + <i>cilium</i> an eyelid; probably akin to
<i>celare</i> to conceal.  Cf. <u>Conceal</u>.] <def>Lofty with pride;
haughty; dictatorial; overbearing; arrogant; as, a <i>supercilious</i>
officer; a<i>supercilious</i> air; <i>supercilious</i> behavior.</def>
-- <wf>Su`per*cil"i*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Su`per*cil"i*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Su`per*cil"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The eyebrow, or the region of the
eyebrows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*co*lum`ni*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The putting of one order above another; also, an
architectural work produced by this method; as, the putting of the
Doric order in the ground story, Ionic above it, and Corinthian or
Composite above this.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*con*cep"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Superfetation.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*con"se*quence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Remote
consequence.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*cres"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Supercrescent</u>.] <def>That which grows upon another growing
thing; a parasite.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*cres"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>supercrescens</i>, p. pr. of <i>supercrescere</i>; <i>super</i>
above + <i>crescere</i> to grow.] <def>Growing on some other growing
thing.</def> [R.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*cre*ta"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Supracretaceous</u>.</def></p>

<p>
</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*cu"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Excessively curious or inquisitive.</def>  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*dom"i*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>The sixth tone of the scale; that next above the dominant; --
called also <i>submediant</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Su`per*em"i*nence</hw> (?), <hw>Su`per*em"i*nen*cy</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>supereminentia</i>.] <def>The quality or
state of being supereminent; distinguished eminence; as, the
<i>supereminence</i> of Cicero as an orator, or Lord Chatham as a
statesman.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He was not forever beset with the consciousness of his
own <i>supereminence</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prof. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*em"i*nent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>supereminens</i>, p. pr. of <i>supereminere</i>. See <u>Super-</u>,
and <u>Eminent</u>.] <def>Eminent in a superior degree; surpassing
others in excellence; as, a <i>supereminent</i> divine; the
<i>supereminent</i> glory of Christ.</def> --
<wf>Su`per*em"i*nent*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*er"o*gant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>supererogans</i>, p. pr. See <u>Supererogate</u>.]
<def>Supererogatory.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*er"o*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> <u>Supererogated</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Supererogating</u>.] [L.
<i>supererogatus</i>, p. p. of <i>supererogare</i> to spend or pay out
over and above; <i>super</i> over, above + <i>erogare</i> to expend or
pay out money from the public treasury after asking the consent of the
people. See <u>Super-</u>, and <u>Erogate</u>, <u>Rogation</u>.]
<def>To do more than duty requires; to perform works of
supererogation; to atone (for a dificiency in another) by means of a
surplus action or quality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fervency of one man in prayer can not
<i>supererogate</i> for the coldness of another.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*er`o*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>supererogatio</i> a payment in addition.] <def>The act of
supererogating; performance of more than duty or necessity
requires.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Works of supererogation</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>,
<cd>those good deeds believed to have been performed by saints, or
capable of being performed by men, over and above what is required for
their own salvation.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*e*rog"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Supererogatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*e*rog"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Performed to an extent not enjoined, or not required, by duty or
necessity; as, <i>supererogatory</i> services.</def>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*es*sen"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Essential above others, or above the constitution of a
thing.</def>  <i>J. Ellis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*eth"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>More than
ethical; above ethics.</def>  <i>Bolingbroke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ex*alt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Superexalted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Superexalting</u>.] <def>To exalt to a superior
degree; to exalt above others.</def>  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ex`al*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Elevation above the common degree.</def>  <i>Holyday.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ex"cel*lence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Superior excellence; extraordinary excellence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ex"cel*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>super-</i> + <i>excellent</i>: cf. L. <i>superexcellens</i>.]
<def>Excellent in an uncommon degree; very excellent.</def>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ex`ci*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Excessive, or more than normal, excitation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ex*cres"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Something growing superfluously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"per*fam`i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group intermediate between a family and a
suborder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fec`un*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Fertilization of two ova, at the same
menstruation, by two different acts of coition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fe*cun"di*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Superabundant fecundity or multiplication of the
species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fe"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superfetare</i>; <i>super</i> above, over + <i>fetare</i> to bring
forth.] <def>To conceive after a prior conception, but before the
birth of the offspring.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The female . . . is said to
<i>superfetate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fe*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>superf&eacute;tation</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The formation of
a fetus at the result of an impregnation occurring after another
impregnation but before the birth of the offspring produced by it.
This is possible only when there is a double uterus, or where
menstruation persists up to the time of the second
impregnation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In then became a <i>superfetation</i> upon, and not an
ingredient in, the national character.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fete"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
superfetate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fete"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To conceive
(another fetus) after a former conception.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"per*fice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
superficies.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fi"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superficialis</i>: cf. F. <i>superficiel</i>. See
<u>Superficies</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the
superficies, or surface; lying on the surface; shallow; not deep; as,
a <i>superficial</i> color; a <i>superficial</i> covering;
<i>superficial</i> measure or contents; <i>superficial</i>
tillage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Reaching or comprehending only what is
obvious or apparent; not deep or profound; shallow; -- said especially
in respect to study, learning, and the like; as, a <i>superficial</i>
scholar; <i>superficial</i> knowledge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>superficial</i> tale<BR>
Is but a preface of her worthy praise.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He is a presumptuous and <i>superficial</i>
writer.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>superficial</i> judgment, which happens to be
right without deserving to be so.</blockquote> <i>J. H.
Newman.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Su`per*fi"cial*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Su`per*fi"cial*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fi"cial*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
attends to anything superficially; a superficial or shallow person; a
sciolist; a smatterer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fi`ci*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>superficialit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
superficial; also, that which is superficial.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fi"cial*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
attend to, or to treat, superficially, or in a shallow or slighting
way.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It is a characteristic weakness of the day to
<i>superficialize</i> evil.</blockquote> <i>E. P. Whipple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fi"ci*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Rom.
Law)</i> <def>One to whom a right of surface occupation is granted;
one who pays quitrent for a house built upon another man's
ground.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fi"ci*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to the superficies, or surface;
superficial.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Law)</i> <def>Situated or built on
another man's land, as a house.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fi"cies</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>super</i> above, over + <i>facies</i> make, figure, shape. See
<u>Surface</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The surface; the exterior
part, superficial area, or face of a thing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Civil Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Everything on the surface of a piece of ground, or of a building,
so closely connected by art or nature as to constitute a part of it,
as houses, or other superstructures, fences, trees, vines, etc.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A real right consisting of a grant by a
landed proprietor of a piece of ground, bearing a strong resemblance
to the long building leases granted by landholders in England, in
consideration of a rent, and under reservation of the ownership of the
soil.</def>  <i>Bouvier. Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"per*fine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Very fine, or most fine; being of surpassing fineness; of extra
nice or fine quality; as, <i>superfine</i> cloth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Excessively fine; too nice; over
particular; as, <i>superfine</i> distinctions; <i>superfine</i>
tastes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"per*fine`ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being superfine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fin"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Extremely
finical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su*per"flu*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superfluens</i>, p. pr. of <i>superfluere</i> to flow or run over.
See <u>Superfluous</u>.] <def>Superfluity.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*flu"i*tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>super</i> above + <i>fluitans</i>, p. pr. of <i>fluitare</i>
intensive fr. <i>fluere</i> to flow.] <def>Floating above or on the
surface.</def> [Obs.] <i>Sir T. Browne.</i> --
<wf>Su`per*flu"i*tance</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><! p. 1447 !></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*flu"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Superfluities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>superfluit&eacute;</i>, L.
<i>superfluitas</i>. See <u>Superfluous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A greater quantity than is wanted; superabundance; as, a
<i>superfluity</i> of water; a <i>superfluity</i> of wealth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A quiet mediocrity is still to be preferred before a
troubled <i>superfluity</i>.</blockquote> <i>Suckling.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being superfluous;
excess.</def> "By a <i>superfluity</i> abominable."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Something beyond what is needed; something
which serves for show or luxury.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Superabundance; excess; redundancy.</p>

<p><hw>Su*per"flu*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superfluus</i> overflowing; <i>super</i> over, above +
<i>fluere</i> to flow. See <u>Super-</u>, and <u>Fluent</u>.]
<def>More than is wanted or is sufficient; rendered unnecessary by
superabundance; unnecessary; useless; excessive; as, a
<i>superfluous</i> price.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An authority which makes all further argument or
illustration <i>superfluous</i>.</blockquote> <i>E. Everett.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Superfluous interval</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>an
interval that exceeds a major or perfect interval by a
semitone.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Unnecessary; useless; exuberant; excessive;
redundant; needless.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Su*per"flu*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Su*per"flu*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Su"per*flux</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Superabundance;
superfluity; an overflowing.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*f&oelig;*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Superfetation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fo`li*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Excess
of foliation.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fron"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>A cloth which is placed over the top of an altar, and often hangs
down a few inches over the frontal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>To pour
(something) over or on something else.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*heat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Superheated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Superheating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To heat too much, to
overheat; as, to <i>superheat</i> an oven.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Engine)</i> <def>To heat, as steam,
apart from contact with water, until it resembles a perfect
gas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"per*heat`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The increase of
temperature communicated to steam by superheating it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"per*heat`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Steam
Engine)</i> <def>An apparatus for superheating steam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"per*hive`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A removable
upper part of a hive. The word is sometimes contracted to
<i>super</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*hu"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Above or
beyond what is human; sometimes, divine; as, <i>superhuman</i>
strength; <i>superhuman</i> wisdom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*im*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Superimposed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Superimposing</u>.] <def>To lay or impose on something
else; as, a stratum of earth <i>superimposed</i> on another
stratum.</def> -- <wf>Su`per*im`po*si"tion</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*im`preg*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of impregnating, or the state of being impregnated, in addition to
a prior impregnation; superfetation.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Su`per*in*cum"bence</hw> (?), <hw>Su`per*in*cum"ben*cy</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of being
superincumbent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*in*cum"bent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superincumbens</i>, p. pr. of <i>superincumbere</i>. See <u>Super-
</u>, and <u>Incumbent</u>.] <def>Lying or resting on something
else.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*in*duce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Superinduced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Superinducing</u> (?).] [Pref. <i>super-</i> +
<i>induce</i>: cf. L. <i>superinducere</i> to draw over.] <def>To
bring in, or upon, as an addition to something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Long custom of sinning <i>superinduces</i> upon the
soul new and absurd desires.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*in*duce"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Superinduction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*in*duc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of superinducing, or the state of being superinduced.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*in*fuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>super-</i> + <i>infuse</i>: cf. L. <i>superinfundere</i>,
<i>superinfusum</i>, to pour over.] <def>To infuse over.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*in*jec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
injection succeeding another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*in*spect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>super-</i> + <i>inspect</i>: cf. L. <i>superinspicere</i>,
<i>superinspectum</i>.] <def>To over see; to superintend by
inspection.</def> [R.]  <i>Maydman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*in`sti*tu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
institution upon another, as when A is instituted and admitted to a
benefice upon a title, and B instituted and admitted upon the
presentation of another.</def>  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*in`tel*lec"tu*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Being above intellect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*in*tend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Superintended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Superintending</u>.] [L. <i>superintendere</i>. See
<u>Super-</u>, and <u>Intend</u>.] <def>To have or exercise the charge
and oversight of; to oversee with the power of direction; to take care
of with authority; to supervise; as, an officer <i>superintends</i>
the building of a ship or the construction of a fort.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king may appoint a council, who may
<i>superintend</i> the works of this nature.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Superintend</u>, <u>Supervise</u>.  These words
in general use are the synonymous. As sometimes used, <i>supervise</i>
implies the more general, and <i>superintend</i>, the more particular
and constant, inspection or direction. Among architects there is a
disposition to use the word <i>supervise</i> in the sense of a general
oversight of the main points of construction with reference to the
design, etc., and to employ the word <i>superintend</i> to signify a
constant, careful attention to all the details of construction. But
this technical distinction is not firmly established.</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*in*tend"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>superintendance</i>.] <def>The act of superintending; care and
oversight for the purpose of direction; supervision.</def>
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inspection; oversight; care; direction; control;
guidance.</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*in*tend"en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-cies</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The act of superintending;
superintendence.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*in*tend"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superintendens</i>, p. pr. See <u>Superintend</u>.]
<def>Overseeing; superintending.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*in*tend"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>superintendant</i>, F. <i>surintendant</i>.  Cf.
<u>Surintendant</u>.] <def>One who has the oversight and charge of
some place, institution, or organization, affairs, etc., with the
power of direction; as, the <i>superintendent</i> of an almshouse; the
<i>superintendent</i> of public works.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inspector; overseer; manager; director; curator;
supervisor.</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*in*tend"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
superintendent.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*in*vest"i*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
outer vestment or garment.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Horne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su*pe"ri*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L., compar. of
<i>superus</i> being above, fr. <i>super</i> above, over: cf. F.
<i>sup&eacute;rieur</i>. See <u>Super-</u>, and cf. <u>Supreme</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>More elevated in place or position; higher;
upper; as, the <i>superior</i> limb of the sun; the <i>superior</i>
part of an image.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Higher in rank or office; more exalted in
dignity; as, a <i>superior</i> officer; a <i>superior</i> degree of
nobility.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Higher or greater in excellence; surpassing
others in the greatness, or value of any quality; greater in quality
or degree; as, a man of <i>superior</i> merit; or of <i>superior</i>
bravery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Beyond the power or influence of; too great
or firm to be subdued or affected by; -- with <i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is not in earth a spectacle more worthy than a
great man <i>superior</i> to his sufferings.</blockquote>
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>More comprehensive; as a term in
classification; as, a genus is <i>superior</i> to a species.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Above the
ovary; -- said of parts of the flower which, although normally below
the ovary, adhere to it, and so appear to originate from its upper
part; also of an ovary when the other floral organs are plainly below
it in position, and free from it.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Belonging to the part of an axillary flower which is toward the
main stem; posterior.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Pointing toward
the apex of the fruit; ascending; -- said of the radicle.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Superior conjunction</b></col>, <col><b>Superior
planets</b></col>, <cd>etc. See <u>Conjunction</u>, <u>Planet</u>,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Superior figure</b></col>, <col><b>Superior
letter</b></col> <i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>a figure or letter printed above
the line, as a reference to a note or an index of a power, etc; as, in
<i>x<sup>2</sup> + y<sup>n</sup></i>, 2 is a <i>superior figure</i>,
<i>n</i> a <i>superior letter</i>.  Cf. <i>Inferior figure</i>, under
<u>Inferior</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Su*pe"ri*or</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who is above, or surpasses, another in rank, station, office,
age, ability, or merit; one who surpasses in what is desirable; as,
Addison has no <i>superior</i> as a writer of pure English.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The head of a monastery,
convent, abbey, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su*pe"ri*or*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>A woman who acts as chief in a convent, abbey, or nunnery; a lady
superior.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su*pe`ri*or"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sup&eacute;riorit&eacute;</i>, LL. <i>superioritas</i>.] <def>The
quality, state, or condition of being superior; as, <i>superiority</i>
of rank; <i>superiority</i> in merit.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Pre&euml;minence; excellence; predominancy;
prevalence; ascendency; odds; advantage.</p>

<p><hw>Su*pe"ri*or*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
superior position or manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ja"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superjacens</i>, p. pr. of <i>superjacere</i>; <i>super</i> above +
<i>jacere</i> to lie.] <def>Situated immediately above; as,
<i>superjacent</i> rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superlatio</i>. See <u>Superlative</u>.] <def>Exaltation of
anything beyond truth or propriety.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*la"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superlativus</i>, fr. <i>superlatus</i> excessive, used as p. p. of
<i>superiorferre</i>, but from a different root: cf. F.
<i>superlatif</i>. See <u>Elate</u>, <u>Tolerate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lifted up to the highest degree; most eminent;
surpassing all other; supreme; as, <i>superlative</i> wisdom or
prudence; a woman of <i>superlative</i> beauty; the <i>superlative</i>
glory of the divine character.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Expressing the highest or
lowest degree of the quality, manner, etc., denoted by an adjective or
an adverb. The superlative degree is formed from the positive by the
use of <i>-est</i>, <i>most</i>, or <i>least</i>; as, high<i>est</i>,
<i>most</i> pleasant, <i>least</i> bright.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Su`per*la"tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Su`per*la"tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*la"tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is highest or most eminent; the utmost
degree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
superlative degree of adjectives and adverbs; also, a form or word by
which the superlative degree is expressed; as, <i>strongest</i>,
<i>wisest</i>, <i>most stormy</i>, <i>least windy</i>, are all
<i>superlatives</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><col><b>Absolute superlative</b></col>, <cd>a superlative in an
absolute rather than in a comparative or exclusive sense. See
<u>Elative</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*lu*cra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>super-</i> + L. <i>lucratio</i> gain.] <def>Excessive or
extraordinary gain.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Davenant.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Su`per*lu"nar</hw> (?), <hw>Su`per*lu"na*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being above the moon; not belonging to this
world; -- opposed to <i>sublunary</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The head that turns at <i>superlunar</i>
things.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ma*te"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being
above, or superior to, matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Su`per*max*il"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Super-</u>, and <u>Maxilla</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
supermaxilla.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*max"il*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Supermaxillary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*me"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Above the
middle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*mun"dane</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being above
the world; -- opposed to <i>inframundane</i>.</def>
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*mun"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Supermundane.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*nac"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like
supernaculum; first-rate; as, a <i>supernacular</i> wine.</def> [R.]
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*nac"u*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv. & n.</i></pos> [NL.,
from L. <i>super</i> over + G. <i>nagel</i>, a nail, as of the finger,
or a corruption of L. <i>super</i> and <i>ungulam</i> claw.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of mock Latin term intended to mean,
upon the nail; -- used formerly by topers.</def>  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Drinking <i>super nagulum</i> [<i>supernaculum</i>], a
device of drinking, new come out of France, which is, after a man hath
turned up the bottom of the cup, to drop it on his nail and make a
pearl with that is left; which if it slide, and he can not make it
stand on by reason there is too much, he must drink again for his
penance.</blockquote> <i>Nash.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Good liquor, of which not enough is left to
wet one's nail.</def>  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su*per"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>supernus</i>,
from <i>super</i> above: cf. F. <i>supernel</i>. See <u>Super-</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being in a higher place or region; locally
higher; as, the <i>supernal</i> orbs; <i>supernal</i> regions.</def>
"That <i>supernal</i> judge."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relating or belonging to things above;
celestial; heavenly; as, <i>supernal</i> grace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not by the sufferance of <i>supernal</i>
power.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*na"tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>supernatanus</i>, p. pr. of <i>supernatare</i> to swim above;
<i>super</i> above + <i>natare</i> to swim.] <def>Swimming above;
floating on the surface; as, oil <i>supernatant</i> on
water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*na*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of floating on the surface of a fluid.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*nat"u*ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>super-</i> + <i>natural</i>: cf. OF. <i>supernaturel</i>, F.
<i>surnaturel</i>.] <def>Being beyond, or exceeding, the power or laws
of nature; miraculous.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Preternatural.  -- <u>Supernatural</u>,
<u>Preternatural</u>. <i>Preternatural</i> signifies <i>beside</i>
nature, and <i>supernatural</i>, <i>above</i> or <i>beyond</i> nature.
What is very greatly aside from the ordinary course of things is
<i>preternatural</i>; what is above or beyond the established laws of
the universe is <i>supernatural</i>. The dark day which terrified all
Europe nearly a century ago was <i>preternatural</i>; the resurrection
of the dead is <i>supernatural</i>. "That form which the earth is
under at present is <i>preternatural</i>, like a statue made and
broken again." <i>T. Burnet.</i> "Cures wrought by medicines are
natural operations; but the miraculous ones wrought by Christ and his
apostles were <i>supernatural</i>." <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That is <i>supernatural</i>, whether it be, that is
either not in the chain of natural cause and effect, or which acts on
the chain of cause and effect in nature, from without the
chain.</blockquote> <i>Bushnell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We must not view creation as <i>supernatural</i>, but
we do look upon it as miraculous.</blockquote> <i>McCosh.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The supernatural</b></col>, <cd>whatever is above and
beyond the scope, or the established course, of the laws of
nature.</cd> "Nature and the <i>supernatural</i>." <i>H.
Bushnell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*nat"u*ral*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being supernatural;
supernaturalness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>The doctrine of a divine
and supernatural agency in the production of the miracles and
revelations recorded in the Bible, and in the grace which renews and
sanctifies men, -- in opposition to the doctrine which denies the
agency of any other than physical or natural causes in the case.</def>
[Written also <i>supranaturalism</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*nat"u*ral*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
holds to the principles of supernaturalism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*nat`u*ral*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
or pertaining to supernaturalism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*nat`u*ral"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being supernatural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*nat"u*ral*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
treat or regard as supernatural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*nat"u*ral*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
supernatural manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*nat"u*ral*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being supernatural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*nu"mer*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>supernumerarius</i>: cf. OF. <i>supernum&eacute;raire</i>, F.
<i>surnum&eacute;raire</i>. See <u>Super-</u>, and <u>Numerary</u>,
<u>Number</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Exceeding the number stated or
prescribed; as, a <i>supernumerary</i> officer in a
regiment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exceeding a necessary, usual, or required
number or quality; superfluous; as, <i>supernumerary</i> addresses;
<i>supernumerary</i> expense.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*nu"mer*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Supernumeraries</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
person or thing beyond the number stated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person or thing beyond what is necessary
or usual; especially, a person employed not for regular service, but
only to fill the place of another in case of need; specifically, in
theaters, a person who is not a regular actor, but is employed to
appear in a stage spectacle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*oc*cip"i*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Supraoccipital.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*or"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group intermediate in importance between an
order and a subclass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*or`di*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>super-</i> + <i>ordination</i>: cf. L. <i>superordinatio</i>.]
<def>The ordination of a person to fill a station already occupied;
especially, the ordination by an ecclesiastical official, during his
lifetime, of his successor.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ox"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See <u>Peroxide</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*par*tic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superparticularis</i>. See <u>Super-</u>, and <u>Particular</u>.]
<i>(Math.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a ratio when the excess of the
greater term over the less is a unit, as the ratio of 1 to 2, or of 3
to 4.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*par"tient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superpartiens</i>; <i>super</i> over + <i>partiens</i>, p. pr. of
<i>partire</i> to divide.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a
ratio when the excess of the greater term over the less is more than a
unit, as that of 3 to 5, or 7 to 10.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*phos"phate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An acid phosphate.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Superphosphate of lime</b></col> <i>(Com. Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
fertilizer obtained by trating bone dust, bone black, or phosphorite
with sulphuric acid, whereby the insoluble neutral calcium phosphate,
Ca<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>, is changed to the primary
or acid calcium phosphate Ca(H<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>,
which is soluble and therefore available for the soil.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*phys"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Above or
beyond physics; not explainable by physical laws.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Something <i>superphysical</i> and
superchemical.</blockquote> <i>J. Le Conte.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"per*plant`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A plant
growing on another, as the mistletoe; an epiphyte.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*please"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To please
exceedingly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"per*plus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>super-</i>
+ L. <i>plus</i> more. See <u>Surplus</u>.] <def>Surplus.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"per*plus`age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Surplusage.</def> [Obs.] "There yet remained a
<i>superplusage</i>."  <i>Bp. Fell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*pol"i*tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>More than
politic; above or exceeding policy.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1448 !></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*pon"der*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
wiegh over and above.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*pos"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being superposed, as one figure upon another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Superposed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Superposing</u>.] [F. <i>superposer</i>. See <u>Super-
</u>, and <u>Pose</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay upon, as one
kind of rock on another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>To lay (a figure) upon
another in such a manner that all the parts of the one coincide with
the parts of the other; as, to <i>superpose</i> one plane figure on
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*po*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>superposition</i>. See <u>Super-</u>, and <u>Position</u>.]
<def>The act of superposing, or the state of being superposed; as, the
<i>superposition</i> of rocks; the <i>superposition</i> of one plane
figure on another, in geometry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*praise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To praise
to excess.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To vow, and swear, and <i>superpraise</i> my
parts.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*pro*por"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Overplus or excess of proportion.</def>  <i>Sir K. Digby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*pur*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Excessive purgation.</def>  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*re*flec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
reflection of a reflected image or sound.</def> [R.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*re"gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>More than
regal; worthy of one greater than a king.</def>  <i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*re*ward"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
reward to an excessive degree.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*roy"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Larger than
royal; -- said of a particular size of printing and writing paper. See
the Note under <u>Paper</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sa"cral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated over, or on the dorsal side of, the sacrum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sa"li*en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of leaping on anything.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sa"li*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>super-</i> + L. <i>saliens</i> p. pr. of <i>salire</i> to leap.]
<def>Leaping upon.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*salt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An acid salt. See <i>Acid salt</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>, under
<u>Salt</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sat"u*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To add
to beyond saturation; as, to <i>supersaturate</i> a
solution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sat`u*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
operation of supersaturating, or the state of being
supersaturated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*scribe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Superscribed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Superscribing</u>.] [L. <i>superscribere</i>,
<i>superscriptum</i>; <i>super</i> over + <i>scribere</i> to write.
See <u>Super-</u>, and <u>Scribe</u>.] <def>To write or engrave (a
name, address, inscription, or the like) on the top or surface; to
write a name, address, or the like, on the outside or cover of
(anything); as, to <i>superscribe</i> a letter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"per*script</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Superscription.</def> [Obs.] "I will overglance the
<i>superscript</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*scrip"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superscriptio</i>. See <u>Superscribe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of superscribing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is written or engraved on the
surface, outside, or above something else; specifically, an address on
a letter, envelope, or the like.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>superscription</i> of his accusation was written
over, The King of the Jews.</blockquote> <i>Mark xv. 26.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>That part of a prescription
which contains the Latin word <i>recipe</i> (Take) or the sign
&?;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sec"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being
above the world, or secular things.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sede"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Superseded</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Superseding</u>.] [L. <i>supersedere</i>,
<i>supersessum</i>, to sit above, be superior to, forbear, omit;
<i>super</i> above + <i>sedere</i> to sit: cf. F.
<i>supers&eacute;der</i>. See <u>Sit</u>, and cf. <u>Surcease</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To come, or be placed, in the room of; to
replace.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To displace, or set aside, and put another
in place of; as, to <i>supersede</i> an officer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make void, inefficacious, or useless, by
superior power, or by coming in the place of; to set aside; to render
unnecessary; to suspend; to stay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing is supposed that can <i>supersede</i> the known
laws of natural motion.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Old Law)</i> <def>To omit; to
forbear.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Su`per*se"de*as</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., suspend,
set aside, stay, 2d pers. sing. present subjunctive of
<i>supersedere</i>. See <u>Supersede</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A writ of
command to suspend the powers of an officer in certain cases, or to
stay proceedings under another writ.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su*per*se"dure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
superseding, or setting aside; supersession; as, the
<i>supersedure</i> of trial by jury.</def>  <i>A. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sem"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
sow, as seed, over something previously sown.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That can not be done with joy, when it shall be
indifferent to any man to <i>superseminate</i> what he
please.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sem`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
sowing of seed over seed previously sown.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Abp.
Bramhall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sen"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>super-</i> + <i>sensible</i>: cf. F. <i>supersensible</i>.]
<def>Beyond the reach of the senses; above the natural powers of
perception.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sen"si*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Excessively sensitive; morbidly sensitive.</def> --
<wf>Su`per*sen"si*tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sen"su*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Supersensible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sen"su*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Supersensible.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Excessively sensuous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*serv"ice*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Overofficious; doing more than is required or desired.</def> "A
<i>superserviceable</i>, finical rogue."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ses"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>supersession</i>. See <u>Supersede</u>.] <def>The act of
superseding, or the state of being superseded; supersedure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The general law of diminishing return from land would
have undergone, to that extent, a temporary
<i>supersession</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*so"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Above the
sun.</def>  <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sphe*noid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated above, or on the dorsal side of, the body
of the sphenoid bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*spi"nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Supraspinuos.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sti"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>superstition</i>, L. <i>superstitio</i>, originally, a standing
still over or by a thing; hence, amazement, wonder, dread, especially
of the divine or supernatural, fr. <i>superstare</i> to stand over;
<i>super</i> over + <i>stare</i> to stand. See <u>Super-</u>, and
<u>Stand</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An excessive reverence for, or
fear of, that which is unknown or mysterious.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An ignorant or irrational worship of the
Supreme Deity; excessive exactness or rigor in religious opinions or
practice; extreme and unnecessary scruples in the observance of
religious rites not commanded, or of points of minor importance; also,
a rite or practice proceeding from excess of sculptures in
religion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the truth<BR>
With <i>superstitions</i> and traditions taint.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The worship of a false god or gods; false
religion; religious veneration for objects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[The accusers] had certain questions against him of
their own <i>superstition</i>.</blockquote> <i>Acts xxv. 19.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Belief in the direct agency of superior
powers in certain extraordinary or singular events, or in magic,
omens, prognostics, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Excessive nicety; scrupulous
exactness.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fanaticism.  -- <u>Superstition</u>,
<u>Fanaticism</u>. <i>Superstition</i> springs from religious feeling
misdirected or unenlightened. <i>Fanaticism</i> arises from this same
feeling in a state of high-wrought and self-confident excitement. The
former leads in some cases to excessive rigor in religious opinions or
practice; in others, to unfounded belief in extraordinary events or in
charms, omens, and prognostics, hence producing weak fears, or
excessive scrupulosity as to outward observances. The latter gives
rise to an utter disregard of reason under the false assumption of
enjoying a guidance directly inspired. <i>Fanaticism</i> has a
secondary sense as applied to politics, etc., which corresponds to the
primary.</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sti"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
addicted to superstition.</def> [Obs.] "Blind
<i>superstitionists</i>."  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sti"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>superstitieux</i>, L. <i>superstitiosus</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to superstition; proceeding from, or
manifesting, superstition; as, <i>superstitious</i> rites;
<i>superstitious</i> observances.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Evincing superstition; overscrupulous and
rigid in religious observances; addicted to superstition; full of idle
fancies and scruples in regard to religion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye men of Athens, I perceive that in all things ye are
too <i>superstitious</i>.</blockquote> <i>Acts xvii. 22.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Overexact; scrupulous beyond
need.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Superstitious use</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the use of a
gift or bequest, as of land, etc., for the maintenance of the rites of
a religion not tolerated by the law.</cd> [Eng.] <i>Mozley &
W.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Su`per*sti"tious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Su`per*sti"tious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*strain"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
overstrain.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*stra"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Superstrata</b></plw> (&?;). [NL.: cf. L.
<i>supersternere</i>, <i>superstratum</i>, to spread upon. See
<u>Super-</u>, and <u>Stratum</u>.] <def>A stratum, or layer, above
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*struct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superstructus</i>, p. p. of <i>superstruere</i> to build upon;
<i>super</i> over + <i>struere</i> to build. See <u>Super-</u>, and
<u>Structure</u>.] <def>To build over or upon another structure; to
erect upon a foundation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is the only proper basis on which to
<i>superstruct</i> first innocency and then virtue.</blockquote>
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*struc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of superstructing, or building
upon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is superstructed, or built upon
some foundation; an edifice; a superstructure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My own profession hath taught me not to erect new
<i>superstructions</i> upon an old ruin.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*struct"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Built or
erected on something else.</def>  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*struct"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
builds a superstructure.</def> [R.]  <i>R. North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*struc"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>superstructure</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any material structure
or edifice built on something else; that which is raised on a
foundation or basis</def>; esp. <i>(Arch.)</i>, <def>all that part of
a building above the basement. Also used figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You have added to your natural endowments the
<i>superstructure</i> of study.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Railway Engin.)</i> <def>The sleepers, and
fastenings, in distinction from the roadbed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sub*stan"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>super-</i> + <i>substantial</i>: cf. F. <i>supersubstantiel</i>.]
<def>More than substantial; spiritual.</def> "The heavenly
<i>supersubstantial</i> bread."  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sub"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too
subtle.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sul"phate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An acid sulphate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sul"phu*ret`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Supersulphurized.</def> [Obs.] [Written also <i>-
sulphuretted</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sul"phur*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To impregnate or combine with an excess of
sulphur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*tem"po*ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That
which is more than temporal; that which is eternal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ter*ra"ne*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being
above ground.</def> "<i>Superterranean</i> quarries."  <i>Mrs.
Trollope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ter*rene"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>super-</i> + <i>terrene</i>: cf. L. <i>superterrenus</i>.]
<def>Being above ground, or above the earth.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ter*res"tri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being
above the earth, or above what belongs to the earth.</def>
<i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ton"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>The note next above the keynote; the second of the scale.</def>
<i>Busby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*trag"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tragical
to excess.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*tu`ber*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>super-</i> + <i>tuber</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The production of
young tubers, as potatoes, from the old while still growing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*va*ca"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>supervacaneus</i>, <i>supervacuus</i>; <i>super</i> over +
<i>vacuus</i> empty.] <def>Serving no purpose; superfluous;
needless.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*vene"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Supervened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Supervening</u>.] [L. <i>supervenire</i>,
<i>superventum</i>, to come over, to come upon; <i>super</i> over +
<i>venire</i> to come. See <u>Super-</u>, and <u>Come</u>, and cf.
<u>Overcome</u>.] <def>To come as something additional or extraneous;
to occur with reference or relation to something else; to happen upon
or after something else; to be added; to take place; to
happen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such a mutual gravitation can never <i>supervene</i> to
matter unless impressed by divine power.</blockquote>
<i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A tyrany immediately <i>supervened</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ven"ient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superveniens</i>, p. pr.] <def>Coming as something additional or
extraneous; coming afterwards.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That branch of belief was in him <i>supervenient</i> to
Christian practice.</blockquote> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Divorces can be granted, <i>a mensa et toro</i>, only
for <i>supervenient</i> causes.</blockquote> <i>Z. Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ven"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superventio</i>.] <def>The act of supervening.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*vis"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Supervision.</def>  <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*vise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Supervised</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Supervising</u>.] [Pref. <i>super-</i> + L.
<i>visere</i> to look at attentively, to view, surely, intens. from
<i>videre</i>, <i>visum</i>, to see.  Cf. <u>Survise</u>, and
<u>Survey</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To oversee for direction; to
superintend; to inspect with authority; as, to <i>supervise</i> the
construction of a steam engine, or the printing of a book.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To look over so as to read; to
peruse.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Superintend</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*vise"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Supervision;
inspection.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*vi"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
overseeing; inspection; superintendence; oversight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*vi"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Supervisory.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*vis"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who supervises; an overseer; an inspector; a superintendent;
as, a <i>supervisor</i> of schools.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A spectator; a looker-on.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*vi"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to supervision; as, <i>supervisory</i> powers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*vive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>supervivere</i>. See <u>Survive</u>.] <def>To survive; to
outlive.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*vo*lute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>supervolutus</i>, p. p. of <i>supervolvere</i> to roll over;
<i>super</i> over + <i>volvere</i> to roll.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having
a plainted and convolute arrangement in the bud, as in the morning-
glory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pi*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>supinare</i>, <i>supinatum</i>, to bend or lay backward, fr.
<i>supinus</i> supine: cf. F. <i>supination</i>. See <u>Supine</u>.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The act of turning the hand
palm upward; also, position of the hand with the palm upward.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The act or state of lying with the face
upward. Opposed to <i>pronation</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pi*na"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A muscle which produces the motion of
supination.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su*pine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>supinus</i>,
akin to <i>sub</i> under, <i>super</i> above.  Cf. <u>Sub-</u>,
<u>Super-</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lying on the back, or with the
face upward; -- opposed to <i>prone</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Leaning backward, or inclining with
exposure to the sun; sloping; inclined.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the vine<BR>
On rising ground be placed, or hills <i>supine</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Negligent; heedless; indolent;
listless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He became pusillanimous and <i>supine</i>, and openly
exposed to any temptation.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Negligent; heedless; indolent; thoughtless;
inattentive; listless; careless; drowsy.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Su*pine"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Su*pine"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Su"pine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>supinum</i> (sc.
<i>verbum</i>), from <i>supinus</i> bent or thrown backward, perhaps
so called because, although furnished with substantive case endings,
it rests or falls back, as it were, on the verb: cf. F. <i>supin</i>.]
<i>(Lat. Gram.)</i> <def>A verbal noun; or (according to C.F.Becker),
a case of the infinitive mood ending in <i>-um</i> and <i>-u</i>, that
in <i>-um</i> being sometimes called the <i>former supine</i>, and
that in <i>-u</i> the <i>latter supine</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su*pin"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>supinitas</i>.] <def>Supineness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup"page</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Sup</u>.]
<def>What may be supped; pottage.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup`pal*pa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suppalpari</i> to caress a little; <i>sub</i> under, a little +
<i>palpare</i> to caress.] <def>The act of enticing by soft words;
enticement.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sup*par`a*si*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Supparasite</u>.] <def>The act of flattering to gain favor; servile
approbation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*par"a*site</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>supparasitari</i>; <i>sub</i> under, a little + <i>parasitus</i> a
parasite.] <def>To flatter; to cajole; to act the parasite.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dr. R. Clerke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pawn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Supawn</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup`pe*da"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub-
</i> + L. <i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, a foot: cf. L. <i>suppedaneum</i>
a footstool.] <def>Being under the feet.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*ped"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suppeditatus</i>, p. p. of <i>suppeditare</i> to supply.] <def>To
supply; to furnish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*ped`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suppeditatio</i>.] <def>Supply; aid afforded.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>soper</i>,
<i>super</i>, OF. <i>super</i>, <i>soper</i>, F. <i>souper</i>;
originally an infinitive, to sup, take a meal. See <u>Soup</u>, and
cf. <u>Sup</u> to take supper.] <def>A meal taken at the close of the
day; the evening meal.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Supper</i> is much used in an obvious sense, either
adjectively or as the first part of a compound; as, <i>supper</i> time
or <i>supper</i>-time, <i>supper</i> bell, <i>supper</i> hour,
etc.</p>

<p><hw>Sup"per</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take supper; to
sup.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sup"per</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To supply with
supper.</def> [R.] "Kester was <i>suppering</i> the horses."  <i>Mrs.
Gaskell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup"per*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no supper;
deprived of supper; as, to go <i>supperless</i> to bed.</def>
<i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup"ping</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who sups; the act of taking supper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is supped; broth.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*place"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
replace.</def> [R.]  <i>J. Bascom.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*plant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Supplanted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Supplanting</u>.] [F. <i>supplanter</i>, L. <i>supplantare</i> to
trip up one's heels, to throw down; <i>sub</i> under + <i>planta</i>
the sole of the foot, also, a sucker, slip, sprout.  Cf. <u>Plant</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To trip up.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Supplanted</i>, down he fell."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To remove or displace by stratagem; to
displace and take the place of; to supersede; as, a rival
<i>supplants</i> another in the favor of a mistress or a
prince.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Suspecting that the courtier had <i>supplanted</i> the
friend.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Fell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To overthrow, undermine, or force away, in
order to get a substitute in place of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You never will <i>supplant</i> the received ideas of
God.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To remove; displace; overpower; undermine;
overthrow; supersede.</p>

<p><! p. 1449 !></p>

<p><hw>Sup`plan*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>supplantation</i>, L. <i>supplantatio</i> hypocritical deceit.]
<def>The act of supplanting or displacing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Habitual <i>supplantation</i> of immediate
selfishness.</blockquote> <i>Cloeridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*plan"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
supplants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>souple</i>, F.
<i>souple</i>, from L. <i>supplex</i> suppliant, perhaps originally,
being the knees.  Cf. <u>Supplicate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pliant; flexible; easily bent; as, <i>supple</i> joints;
<i>supple</i> fingers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Yielding compliant; not obstinate;
submissive to guidance; as, a <i>supple</i> horse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If punishment . . . makes not the will <i>supple</i>,
it hardens the offender.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Bending to the humor of others; flattering;
fawning; obsequious.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Pliant; flexible; yielding; compliant; bending;
flattering; fawning; soft.</p>

<p><hw>Sup"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Suppled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Suppling</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make soft and pliant;
to render flexible; as, to <i>supple</i> leather.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The flesh therewith she <i>suppled</i> and did
steep.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make compliant, submissive, or
obedient.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A mother persisting till she had bent her daughter's
mind and <i>suppled</i> her will.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They should <i>supple</i> our stiff
willfulness.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become soft and
pliant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stones . . . <BR>
<i>Suppled</i> into softness as they fell.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup"ple-chapped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
limber tongue.</def> [R.] "A <i>supple-chapped</i> flatterer."
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup"ple-jack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A climbing shrub (<i>Berchemia volubilus</i>)
of the Southern United States, having a tough and pliable stem.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A somewhat similar tropical American plant
(<i>Paullinia Curassavica</i>); also, a walking stick made from its
stem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was in form and spirit like a <i>supple-jack</i>, .
. . yielding, but tough; though he bent, he never broke.</blockquote>
<i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This name is given to various plants of similar habit in
different British colonies.</p>

<p><hw>Sup"ple*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a supple
manner; softly; pliantly; mildly.</def>  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup"ple*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>suppl&eacute;ment</i>, L. <i>supplementum</i>, fr. <i>supplere</i>
to fill up. See <u>Supply</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which supplies a deficiency, or meets a
want; a store; a supply.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which fills up, completes, or makes an
addition to, something already organized, arranged, or set apart;
specifically, a part added to, or issued as a continuation of, a book
or paper, to make good its deficiencies or correct its
errors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Trig.)</i> <def>The number of degrees which,
if added to a specified arc, make it 180&deg;; the quantity by which
an arc or an angle falls short of 180 degrees, or an arc falls short
of a semicircle.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Appendix.  -- <u>Appendix</u>, <u>Supplement</u>. An
<i>appendix</i> is that which is appended to something, but is not
essential to its completeness; a <i>supplement</i> is that which
supplements, or serves to complete or make perfect, that to which it
is added.</p>

<p><hw>Sup"ple*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Supplemented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Supplementing</u>.] <def>To fill up or supply by addition; to add
something to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Causes of one kind must be <i>supplemented</i> by
bringing to bear upon them a causation of another kind.</blockquote>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sup`ple*men"tal</hw> (?), <hw>Sup`ple*men"ta*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>suppl&eacute;mentaire</i>.] <def>Added
to supply what is wanted; additional; being, or serving as, a
supplement; as, a <i>supplemental</i> law; a <i>supplementary</i>
sheet or volume.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Supplemental air</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>the air
which in addition to the residual air remains in the lungs after
ordinary expiration, but which, unlike the residual air, can be
expelled; reserve air.</cd> -- <col><b>Supplemental bill</b></col>
<i>(Equity)</i>, <cd>a bill filed in aid of an original bill to supply
some deffect in the latter, or to set forth new facts which can not be
done by amendment.</cd> <i>Burrill.</i> <i>Daniel.</i> --
<col><b>Supplementary chords</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>in an
ellipse or hyperbola, any two chords drawn through the extremities of
a diameter, and intersecting on the curve.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sup`ple*men*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of supplementing.</def>  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup"ple*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being supple; flexibility; pliableness; pliancy.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sup"ple*tive</hw> (?), <hw>Sup"ple*to*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>suppl&eacute;tif</i>, LL.
<i>suppletivus</i>, from L. <i>supplere</i>, <i>suppletum</i>, to fill
up. See <u>Supply</u>.] <def>Supplying deficiencies; supplementary;
as, a <i>suppletory</i> oath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup"ple*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Suppletories</b></plw> (&?;). <def>That which is to supply
what is wanted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Invent <i>suppletories</i> to excuse an evil
man.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pli"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
supplying; a supply.</def> "The <i>supplial</i> of a preposition."
<i>Fitzed. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pli"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Supply</u>.] <def>That which supplies a want; assistance; a
gratification; satisfaction.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The perfume and <i>suppliance</i> of a
minute.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pli"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Suppliant</u>.] <def>Supplication; entreaty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When Greece her knee in <i>suppliance</i>
bent.</blockquote> <i>Halleck.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup"pli*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., p. pr. of
<i>supplier</i> to entreat, L. <i>supplicare</i>. See
<u>Supplicate</u>, and cf. <u>Supplicant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Asking earnestly and submissively; entreating; beseeching;
supplicating.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rich grow <i>suppliant</i>, and the poor grow
proud.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Manifesting entreaty; expressive of
supplication.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To bow and sue for grace<BR>
With <i>suppliant</i> knee.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Entreating; beseeching; suing; begging;
supplicating; imploring.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Sup"pli*ant*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sup"pli*ant*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sup"pli*ant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
supplicates; a humble petitioner; one who entreats
submissively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hear thy <i>suppliant's</i> prayer.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup"pli*can*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Supplication.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sup"pli*cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>supplicans</i>, p. pr. See <u>Supplicate</u>, and cf.
<u>Suppliant</u>.] <def>Entreating; asking submissively.</def>
<i>Shak.</i> -- <wf>Sup"pli*cant*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sup"pli*cant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
supplicates; a suppliant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wise <i>supplicant</i> . . . left the event to
God.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sup"pli*cat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., he
supplicates.] <i>(Eng. Universities)</i> <def>A petition; esp., a
written one, with a certificate that the conditions have been complied
with.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup"pli*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Supplicated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Supplicating</u>.] [L. <i>supplicatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>supplicare</i> to supplicate; of uncertain origin, cf.
<i>supplex</i>, <i>supplicis</i>, humbly begging or entreating;
perhaps fr. <i>sub</i> under + a word akin to <i>placare</i> to
reconcile, appease (cf. <u>Placable</u>), or fr. <i>sub</i> under +
<i>plicare</i> to fold, whence the idea of bending the knees (cf.
<u>Ply</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>).  Cf. <u>Supple</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To entreat for; to seek by earnest prayer; to
ask for earnestly and humbly; as, to <i>supplicate</i> blessings on
Christian efforts to spread the gospel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To address in prayer; to entreat as a
supplicant; as, to <i>supplicate</i> the Deity.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To beseech; entreat; beg; petition; implore;
importune; solicit; crave. See <u>Beseech</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sup"pli*cate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make
petition with earnestness and submission; to implore.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man can not brook to <i>supplicate</i> or
beg.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup"pli*ca`ting*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
supplicating manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup`pli*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>supplication</i>, L.  <i>supplicatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of supplicating; humble and earnest prayer, as in
worship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A humble petition; an earnest request; an
entreaty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A religious solemnity
observed in consequence of some military success, and also, in times
of distress and danger, to avert the anger of the gods.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Entreaty; petition; solicitation; craving.</p>

<p><hw>Sup"pli*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
supplicates; a supplicant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup"pli*ca*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>supplicatoire</i>.] <def>Containing supplication; humble;
earnest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pli"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
supplies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup*ply"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Supplied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Supplying</u> (?).] [For older <i>supploy</i>, F.
<i>suppl&eacute;er</i>, OF. also <i>supployer</i>, (assumed) LL.
<i>suppletare</i>, from L. <i>supplere</i>, <i>suppletum</i>;
<i>sub</i> under + <i>plere</i> to fill, akin to <i>plenus</i> full.
See <u>Plenty</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fill up, or keep full;
to furnish with what is wanted; to afford, or furnish with, a
sufficiency; as, rivers are <i>supplied</i> by smaller streams; an
aqueduct <i>supplies</i> an artificial lake; -- often followed by
<i>with</i> before the thing furnished; as, to <i>supply</i> a furnace
with fuel; to <i>supply</i> soldiers with ammunition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To serve instead of; to take the place
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Burning ships the banished sun
<i>supply</i>.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The sun was set, and Vesper, to <i>supply</i><BR>
His absent beams, had lighted up the sky.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fill temporarily; to serve as substitute
for another in, as a vacant place or office; to occupy; to have
possession of; as, to <i>supply</i> a pulpit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To give; to bring or furnish; to provide;
as, to <i>supply</i> money for the war.</def>  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To furnish; provide; administer; minister;
contribute; yield; accommodate.</p>

<p><hw>Sup*ply"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Supplies</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
supplying; supplial.</def>  <i>A. Tucker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which supplies a want; sufficiency of
things for use or want.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Auxiliary troops or
re&euml;nforcements.</def> "My promised <i>supply</i> of horsemen."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The food, and the like, which meets the
daily necessities of an army or other large body of men; store; --
used chiefly in the plural; as, the army was discontented for lack of
<i>supplies</i>.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An amount of money provided, as by
Parliament or Congress, to meet the annual national expenditures;
generally in the plural; as, to vote <i>supplies</i>.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A person who fills a place for a time; one
who supplies the place of another; a substitute; esp., a clergyman who
supplies a vacant pulpit.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stated supply</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>a clergyman
employed to supply a pulpit for a definite time, but not settled as a
pastor.</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>Supply and demand</b></col>. <i>(Polit.
Econ.)</i> <cd>"<i>Demand</i> means the quantity of a given article
which would be taken at a given price. <i>Supply</i> means the
quantity of that article which could be had at that price." <i>F. A.
Walker.</i></cd></p>

<p><hw>Sup*ply"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving to contain,
deliver, or regulate a supply of anything; as, a <i>supply</i> tank or
valve.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Supply system</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the system
of tubes and canals in sponges by means of which food and water are
absorbed. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Spongi&aelig;</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sup*ply"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Supplying or
aiding; auxiliary; suppletory.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*ply"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A supplying or
furnishing; supply.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*port"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Supported</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Supporting</u>.] [F. <i>supporter</i>, L. <i>supportare</i> to
carry on, to convey, in LL., to support, sustain; <i>sub</i> under +
<i>portare</i> to carry. See <u>Port</u> demeanor.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To bear by being under; to keep from falling; to uphold; to
sustain, in a literal or physical sense; to prop up; to bear the
weight of; as, a pillar <i>supports</i> a structure; an abutment
<i>supports</i> an arch; the trunk of a tree <i>supports</i> the
branches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To endure without being overcome,
exhausted, or changed in character; to sustain; as, to <i>support</i>
pain, distress, or misfortunes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This fierce demeanor and his insolence<BR>
The patience of a god could not <i>support</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To keep from failing or sinking; to solace
under affictive circumstances; to assist; to encourage; to defend; as,
to <i>support</i> the courage or spirits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To assume and carry successfully, as the
part of an actor; to represent or act; to sustain; as, to
<i>support</i> the character of King Lear.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with the means of sustenance or
livelihood; to maintain; to provide for; as, to <i>support</i> a
family; to <i>support</i> the ministers of the gospel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To carry on; to enable to continue; to
maintain; as, to <i>support</i> a war or a contest; to <i>support</i>
an argument or a debate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To verify; to make good; to substantiate;
to establish; to sustain; as, the testimony is not sufficient to
<i>support</i> the charges; the evidence will not <i>support</i> the
statements or allegations.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To urge such arguments, as though they were sufficient
to <i>support</i> and demonstrate a whole scheme of moral
philosophy.</blockquote> <i>J. Edwards.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To vindicate; to maintain; to defend
successfully; as, to be able to <i>support</i> one's own
cause.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To uphold by aid or countenance; to aid; to
help; to back up; as, to <i>support</i> a friend or a party; to
<i>support</i> the present administration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wherefore, bold pleasant,<BR>
Darest thou <i>support</i> a published traitor?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A attend as an honorary assistant; as, a
chairman <i>supported</i> by a vice chairman; O'Connell left the
prison, <i>supported</i> by his two sons.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Support arms</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a command in the
manual of arms in responce to which the piece is held vertically at
the shoulder, with the hammer resting on the left forearm, which is
passed horizontally across the body in front; also, the position
assumed in response to this command.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To maintain; endure; verify; substantiate;
countenance; patronize; help; back; second; succor; relieve; uphold;
encourage; favor; nurture; nourish; cherish; shield; defend; protect;
stay; assist; forward.</p>

<p><hw>Sup*port"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act, state, or operation of supporting,
upholding, or sustaining.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which upholds, sustains, or keeps from
falling, as a prop, a pillar, or a foundation of any kind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which maintains or preserves from
being overcome, falling, yielding, sinking, giving way, or the like;
subsistence; maintenance; assistance; re&euml;nforcement; as, he gave
his family a good <i>support</i>, the <i>support</i> of national
credit; the assaulting column had the <i>support</i> of a
battery.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Points of support</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the
horizontal area of the solids of a building, walls, piers, and the
like, as compared with the open or vacant spaces.</cd> --
<col><b>Right of support</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an easement or
servitude by which the owner of a house has a right to rest his timber
on the walls of his neighbor's house.</cd> <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Stay; prop; maintenance; subsistence; assistance;
favor; countenance; encouragement; patronage; aid; help; succor;
nutriment; sustenance; food.</p>

<p><hw>Sup*port"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>supportable</i>.] <def>Capable of being supported, maintained, or
endured; endurable.</def> -- <wf>Sup*port"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Sup*port"a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sup*port"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Support.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup`por*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Maintenance; support.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer. Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*port"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, supports; as, oxygen is a
<i>supporter</i> of life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sockets and <i>supporters</i> of flowers are
figured.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The saints have a . . . <i>supporter</i> in all their
miseries.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, an adherent; one who sustains,
advocates, and defends; as, the <i>supporter</i> of a party, faction,
or candidate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>A knee placed under
the cathead.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A figure, sometimes of a man,
but commonly of some animal, placed on either side of an escutcheon,
and exterior to it. Usually, both supporters of an escutcheon are
similar figures.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A broad band or truss for
supporting the abdomen or some other part or organ.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup*port"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding with
support.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*port"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
support.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*port"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Support.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*port"ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
supporter.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You are my gracious patroness and
<i>supportress</i>.</blockquote> <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pos"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being supposed, or imagined to exist; as, that is not a
<i>supposable</i> case.</def> -- <wf>Sup*pos"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Sup*pos"a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pos"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
supposing; also, that which is supposed; supposition; opinion.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Interest, with a Jew, never proceeds but upon
<i>supposal</i>, at least, of a firm and sufficient
bottom.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Supposed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Supposing</u>.] [F. <i>supposer</i>; pref. <i>sub-</i> under +
<i>poser</i> to place; -- corresponding in meaning to L.
<i>supponere</i>, <i>suppositum</i>, to put under, to substitute,
falsify, counterfeit. See <u>Pose</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
represent to one's self, or state to another, not as true or real, but
as if so, and with a view to some consequence or application which the
reality would involve or admit of; to imagine or admit to exist, for
the sake of argument or illustration; to assume to be true; as, let us
<i>suppose</i> the earth to be the center of the system, what would be
the result?</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Suppose</i> they take offence without a
cause.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When we have as great assurance that a thing is, as we
could possibly, <i>supposing</i> it were, we ought not to make any
doubt of its existence.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To imagine; to believe; to receive as
true.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How easy is a bush <i>supposed</i> a bear!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let not my lord <i>suppose</i> that they have slain all
the young men, the king's sons; for Amnon only is dead.</blockquote>
<i>2 Sam. xiii. 32.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To require to exist or to be true; to imply
by the laws of thought or of nature; as, purpose <i>supposes</i>
foresight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One falsehood always <i>supposes</i> another, and
renders all you can say suspected.</blockquote> <i>Female
Quixote.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To put by fraud in the place of
another.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To imagine; believe; conclude; judge; consider;
view; regard; conjecture; assume.</p>

<p><! p. 1450 !></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make
supposition; to think; to be of opinion.</def>  <i>Acts ii.
15.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pose"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Supposition.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Shak.</i> "A base <i>suppose</i> that he is honest."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pose"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
supposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup`po*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>supposition</i>, L. <i>suppositio</i> a placing under, a
substitution, fr. <i>supponere</i>, <i>suppositium</i>, to put under,
to substitute. The word has the meaning corresponding to
<i>suppose</i>. See <u>Sub-</u>, and <u>Position</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of supposing, laying down, imagining,
or considering as true or existing, what is known not to be true, or
what is not proved.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is supposed; hypothesis;
conjecture; surmise; opinion or belief without sufficient
evidence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is only an infallibility upon <i>supposition</i>
that if a thing be true, it is imposible to be false.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He means are in <i>supposition</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup`po*si"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resting
on supposition; hypothetical; conjectural; supposed.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pos`i*ti"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suppositicus</i>. See <u>Supposition</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Fraudulently substituted for something else; not being what is
purports to be; not genuine; spurious; counterfeit; as, a
<i>supposititious</i> child; a <i>supposititious</i> writing.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Suppositional; hypothetical.</def> [R.]
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sup*pos`i*ti"tious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sup*pos`i*ti"tious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pos"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>suppositif</i>.] <def>Including or implying supposition, or
hypothesis; supposed.</def> -- <wf>Sup*pos"i*tive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pos"i*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A word denoting
or implying supposition, as the words <i>if</i>, <i>granting</i>,
<i>provided</i>, etc.</def>  <i>Harris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pos"i*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>An apparatus for the introduction of suppositories into the
rectum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pos"i*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Suppositories</b></plw> (#). [LL. <i>suppositorium</i>, fr. L.
<i>suppositorius</i> that is placed underneath: cf. F.
<i>suppositoire</i>. See <u>Supposition</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
pill or bolus for introduction into the rectum; esp., a cylinder or
cone of medicated cacao butter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup*po"sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Supposition;
hypothesis; conjecture.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*press"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Suppressed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Suppressing</u>.] [L. <i>suppressus</i>, p. p. of <i>supprimere</i>
to suppress; <i>sub</i> under + <i>premere</i>, <i>pressum</i>, to
press. See <u>Sub-</u>, and <u>Press</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
overpower and crush; to subdue; to put down; to quell.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every rebellion, when it is <i>suppressed</i>, doth
make the subject weaker, and the prince stronger.</blockquote> <i>Sir
J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To keep in; to restrain from utterance or
vent; as, to <i>suppress</i> the voice; to <i>suppress</i> a
smile.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To retain without disclosure; to conceal;
not to reveal; to prevent publication of; as, to <i>suppress</i>
evidence; to <i>suppress</i> a pamphlet; to <i>suppress</i> the
truth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>suppresses</i> the name, and this keeps him in a
pleasing suspense.</blockquote> <i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To stop; to restrain; to arrest the
discharges of; as, to <i>suppress</i> a diarrhea, or a
hemorrhage.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To repress; restrain; put down; overthrow;
overpower; overwhelm; conceal; stifle; stop; smother.</p>

<p><hw>Sup*press"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
suppressed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pres"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suppressio</i>: cf. F. <i>suppression</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of suppressing, or the state of being suppressed;
repression; as, the <i>suppression</i> of a riot, insurrection, or
tumult; the <i>suppression</i> of truth, of reports, of evidence, and
the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Complete stoppage of a
natural secretion or excretion; as, <i>suppression</i> of urine; --
used in contradiction to <i>retention</i>, which signifies that the
secretion or excretion is retained without expulsion.</def>
<i>Quain.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Omission; as, the
<i>suppression</i> of a word.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Overthrow; destruction; concealment; repression;
detention; retention; obstruction.</p>

<p><hw>Sup*press"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
suppress; subduing; concealing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup*press"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., hider.]
<def>One who suppresses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup*prise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
surprise.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup"pu*rant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
suppurative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup"pu*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Suppurated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Suppurating</u>.] [L. <i>suppuratus</i>, p. p. of
<i>suppurare</i> to suppurate, cause to suppurate; <i>sub</i> under +
<i>pus</i>, <i>puris</i>, matter. See <u>Pus</u>.] <def>To generate
pus; as, a boil or abscess <i>suppurates</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup"pu*rate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to
generate pus; as, to <i>suppurate</i> a sore.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup`pu*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suppuratio</i>: cf. F. <i>suppuration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of suppurating.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The matter produced by suppuration;
pus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup"pu*ra*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>suppuratif</i>.] <def>Tending to suppurate; promoting
suppuration.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Suppurative fever</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>,
<cd>py&aelig;mia.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sup"pu*ra*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
suppurative medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup"pu*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>supputatus</i>, p. p. of <i>supputare</i>. See <u>Suppute</u>.]
<def>To suppute.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sup`pu*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>supputatio</i>: cf. F. <i>supputation</i>.] <def>Reckoning;
account.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sup*pute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>supputer</i>, or L. <i>supputare</i>; <i>sub</i> under +
<i>putare</i> to reckon.] <def>To reckon; to compute; to suppose; to
impute.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"pra</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [L.; akin to
<i>super</i>. See <u>Super-</u>.] <def>Over; above; before; also,
beyond; besides; -- much used as a prefix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra-a*cro"mi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated above the acromial process of the
scapula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra-an"gu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>See <u>Surangular</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra-au*ric"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Situated above the ear coverts, or
auriculars; -- said of certain feathers of birds.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A supra-auricular feather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"pra-ax"il*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Growing above the axil; inserted above the axil, as a peduncle.
See <u>Suprafoliaceous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*bran"chi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Situated above the branchi&aelig;; -- applied
especially to the upper division of the gill cavity of bivalve
mollusks.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Su`pra*cho"roid</hw> (?), <hw>Su`pra*cho*roid"al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated above the choroid; -
- applied to the layer of the choroid coat of the eyeball next to the
sclerotic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*cil"i*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Superciliary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*clav"i*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>A bone which usually connects the clavicle with the post-temporal
in the pectorial arch of fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*cla*vic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Situated above the
clavicle.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to the
supraclavicle.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Su`pra*con"dy*lar</hw> (?), <hw>Su`pra*con"dy*loid</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated above a condyle or
condyles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*cos"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated above, or on the outside of, the ribs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*cra"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated above, or in the roof of, the cranium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*cre*ta"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Lying above the chalk; Supercretaceous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*de*com"pound</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>More than decompound; divided many times.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Su`pra-e*soph"a*gal</hw> (?), <hw>Su`pra-e`so*phag"e*al</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot. & Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Situated
above, or on the dorsal side of, the esophagus; as, the <i>supra-
esophageal</i> ganglion of Crustacea.</def> [Written also <i>supra-
&oelig;sophagal</i>, and <i>supra-&oelig;sophageal</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`pra-eth"moid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Above, or on the dorsal side of, the ethmoid bone or
cartilage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*fo`li*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Inserted into the stem above the leaf, petiole, or
axil, as a peduncle or flower.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*glot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated above the glottis; -- applied to that part of the cavity
of the larynx above the true vocal cords.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*he*pat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated over, or on the dorsal side of, the liver; -- applied to
the branches of the hepatic veins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*hy"oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Hyomental.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra-il"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The cartilaginous cap at the sacral end of the ilium of some
animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*lap*sa"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Supra-
</i> + <i>lapse</i>: cf. F. <i>supralapsaire</i>.] <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>One of that class of Calvinists who believed that
God's decree of election determined that man should fall, in order
that the opportunity might be furnished of securing the redemption of
a part of the race, the decree of salvation being conceived of as
formed <i>before</i> or <i>beyond</i>, and not <i>after</i> or
<i>following</i>, the lapse, or fall.  Cf.
<u>Infralapsarian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*lap*sa"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Supralapsarians, or their doctrine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*lap*sa"ri*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
doctrine, belief, or principles of the Supralapsarians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*lap"sa*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Supralapsarian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*lap"sa*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
Supralapsarian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*lo"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Situated above the lores; as, the
<i>supraloral</i> feathers of a bird.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A supraloral feather.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Su`pra*lu"nar</hw> (?), <hw>Su`pra*lu"na*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Beyond the moon; hence, very
lofty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*max"il*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Supramaxill&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
upper jaw or maxilla.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*max"il*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Situated over the lower jaw;
as, the <i>supramaxillary</i> nerve.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of
or pertaining to the upper jaw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*mun"dane</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being or
situated above the world or above our system; celestial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*nat"u*ral*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being supernatural; belief in supernatural agency or
revelation; supernaturalism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*nat"u*ral*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
supernaturalist.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Su`pra*nat"u*ral*ist</hw> (?),
<hw>Su`pra*nat`u*ral*is"tic</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
or pertaining to supernaturalism; supernaturalistic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*oc*cip"i*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated over, or in the upper part of, the
occiput; of or pertaining to the supraoccipital bone.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The supraoccipital bone.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Supraoccipital bone</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a bone on
the dorsal side of the great foramen of the skull, usually forming a
part of the occipital in the adult, but distinct in the
young.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*oc"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Above the eyes; -- said of certain scales of
fishes and reptiles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra-&oelig;*soph"a*gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See <u>Supra-esophagal</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Su`pra*or"bit*al</hw> (?), <hw>Su`pra*or"bit*ar</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated above the orbit of
the eye.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Supraorbital point</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the middle
point of the supraorbital line, which is a line drawn across the
narrowest part of the forehead, separating the face from the cranium;
the ophryon.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Su*prap"e*dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Situated above the foot of a mollusk; as, the
<i>suprapedal</i> gland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*pro"test</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mercantile
Law)</i> <def>An acceptance of a bill by a third person after protest
for nonacceptance by the drawee.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Su`pra*pu"bi*an</hw> (?), <hw>Su`pra*pu"bic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated above, or anterior
to, the pubic bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*re"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated above, or anterior to, the kidneys.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A suprarenal capsule.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Suprarenal capsules</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>two small
bodies of unknown function in front of, or near, the kidneys in most
vertebrates. Also called <i>renal capsules</i>, and <i>suprarenal
bodies</i>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Su`pra*scalp"u*lar</hw> (?), <hw>Su`pra*scalp"u*la*ry</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated above, or on
the anterior side of, the scapula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*sphe*noid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated above the sphenoidal bone; as, the
<i>suprasphenoidal</i> appendage, or pituitary body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*spi"nal</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Situated above the vertebral column.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Situated above a spine or spines;
supraspinate; supraspinous.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Su`pra*spi"nate</hw> (?), <hw>Su`pra*spi"nous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated above a spine or
spines; especially, situated above, or on the dorsal side of, the
neural spines of the vertebral column, or above, or in front of, the
spine of the scapula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*sta*pe"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, that part of
the columella of the ear which projects above the connection with the
stapes, as in many animals.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
suprastapedial part of the columella.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*ster"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated above, or anterior to, the sternum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*tem"po*ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated above the temporal bone or temporal fossa.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A supratemporal bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*troch"le*ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated over or above a trochlea or trochlear
surface; -- applied esp. to one of the subdivisions of the trigeminal
nerve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*vag"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated above or outside a sheath or vaginal membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*vi"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Supervision.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*vis"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
supervisor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*vul"gar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being above
the vulgar or common people.</def> [R.]  <i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su*prem"a*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>supr&eacute;matie</i>. See <u>Supreme</u>.] <def>The state of being
supreme, or in the highest station of power; highest or supreme
authority or power; as, the <i>supremacy</i> of a king or a
parliament.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The usurped power of the pope being destroyed, the
crown was restored to its <i>supremacy</i> over spiritual men and
causes.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Oath supremacy</b></col>, <cd>an oath which acknowledges
the supremacy of the sovereign in spiritual affairs, and renounced or
abjures the supremacy of the pope in ecclesiastical or temporal
affairs.</cd> [Eng.] <i>Brande & C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su*preme"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>supremus</i>,
superlative of <i>superus</i> that is above, upper, fr. <i>super</i>
above: cf. F. <i>supr&ecirc;me</i>. See <u>Super-</u>, and cf.
<u>Sum</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Highest in authority; holding the
highest place in authority, government, or power.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that is the <i>supreme</i> King of
kings.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Highest; greatest; most excellent or most
extreme; utmost; greatist possible (sometimes in a bad sense); as,
<i>supreme</i> love; <i>supreme</i> glory; <i>supreme</i> magnanimity;
<i>supreme</i> folly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each would be <i>supreme</i> within its own sphere, and
those spheres could not but clash.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Situated at the highest part
or point.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The Supreme</b></col>, <cd>the Almighty; God.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Su*preme"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a supreme
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su*prem"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>supremitas</i>.] <def>Supremacy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur-</hw>. [F. <i>sur</i> over, above, contr. fr. L.
<i>super</i>, <i>supra</i>. See <u>Super-</u>.] <def>A prefix
signifying <i>over</i>, <i>above</i>, <i>beyond</i>,
<i>upon</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Su"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar., a step, a degree.]
<def>One of the sections or chapters of the Koran, which are one
hundred and fourteen in number.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`ra*dan"ni</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A valuable
kind of wood obtained on the shores of the Demerara River in South
America, much used for timbers, rails, naves and fellies of wheels,
and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur`ad*di"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Something added or appended, as to a name.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"rah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A soft twilled silk
fabric much used for women's dresses; -- called also <i>surah
silk</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sura</i> the calf
of the leg: cf. F. <i>sural</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining
to the calf of the leg; as, the <i>sural</i> arteries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Assurance.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*an"gu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sur-</i>
+ <i>angular</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Above the angular bone; supra-
angular; -- applied to a bone of the lower jaw in many reptiles and
birds.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The surangular
bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"base`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sur-</i> +
<i>base</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A cornice, or
series of moldings, on the top of the base of a pedestal, podium, etc.
See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Column</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A board or group of moldings running round
a room on a level with the tops of the chair backs.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur"based`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having a surbase, or molding above the
base.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> [F. <i>surbaiss&eacute;</i>.]
<def>Having the vertical height from springing line to crown less than
the half span; -- said of an arch; as, a segmental arch is
<i>surbased</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*bate"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Surbated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Surbating</u>.] [F. <i>solbatu</i>, p. p., bruised (said of a
horse's foot); <i>sole</i> a sole (of a horse's foot) + <i>battu</i>,
p. p. of <i>battre</i> to beat.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make sore
or bruise, as the feet by travel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lest they their fins should bruise, and <i>surbate</i>
sore<BR>
Their tender feet upon the stony ground.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Chalky land <i>surbates</i> and spoils oxen's
feet.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To harass; to fatigue.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1451 !></p>

<p><hw>Sur*beat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Surbate</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur*bed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Surbedded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Surbedding</u>.] [Pref. <i>sur-</i> + <i>bed</i>.] <def>To set
edgewise, as a stone; that is, to set it in a position different from
that which it had in the quarry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It . . . has something of a grain parallel with the
horizon, and therefore should not be <i>surbedded</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Gilbert White.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*bet"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Surbate</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur*bet"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Surbated;
bruised.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*cease"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sursis</i>,
from <i>sursis</i>, p. p. of <i>surseoir</i> to suspend, postpone,
defer, in OF., to delay, refrain from, forbear, L. <i>supersedere</i>.
<i>Surcease</i> is not connected with E. <i>cease</i>. See
<u>Supersede</u>.] <def>Cessation; stop; end.</def> "Not desire, but
its <i>surcease</i>."  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is time that there were an end and <i>surcease</i>
made of this immodest and deformed manner of writing.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*cease"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to
cease; to end.</def> [Obs.] "The waves . . . their range
<i>surceast</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The nations, overawed, <i>surceased</i> the
fight.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*cease"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To cease.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur*cease"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Cessation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur*charge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Surcharged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Surcharging</u> (?).] [F. <i>surcharger</i>. See
<u>Sur-</u>, and <u>Charge</u>, and cf. <u>Overcharge</u>,
<u>Supercharge</u>, <u>Supercargo</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
overload; to overburden; to overmatch; to overcharge; as, to
<i>surcharge</i> a beast or a ship; to <i>surcharge</i> a
cannon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Four charged two, and two <i>surcharged</i>
one.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your head reclined, as hiding grief from view,<BR>
Droops like a rose <i>surcharged</i> with morning dew.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To
overstock; especially, to put more cattle into, as a common, than the
person has a right to do, or more than the herbage will sustain.
<i>Blackstone</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Equity)</i> <def>To
show an omission in (an account) for which credit ought to have been
given.</def>  <i>Story. Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*charge"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An overcharge; an excessive load or burden; a load greater than
can well be borne.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A numerous nobility causeth poverty and inconvenience
in a state, for it is <i>surcharge</i> of expense.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
putting, by a commoner, of more beasts on the common than he has a
right to.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Equity)</i> <def>The showing
an omission, as in an account, for which credit ought to have been
given.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*charge"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
surcharging; also, surcharge, surplus.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*char"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
surcharges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"cin`gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>sursengle</i>, OF. <i>sursangle</i>. See <u>Sur-</u>, and
<u>Cingle</u>, <u>Shingles</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A belt, band,
or girth which passes over a saddle, or over anything laid on a
horse's back, to bind it fast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The girdle of a cassock, by
which it is fastened round the waist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"cin`gled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bound with the
surcingle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>surculus</i>.]
<def>A little shoot; a twig; a sucker.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur"cloy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Surcloyed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Surcloying</u>.] <def>To surfeit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur"coat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>surcote</i>,
OF. <i>surcote</i>. See <u>Sur-</u>, and <u>Coat</u>, and cf.
<u>Overcoat</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A coat worn over the other
garments; especially, the long and flowing garment of knights, worn
over the armor, and frequently emblazoned with the arms of the
wearer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A long <i>surcoat</i> of pers upon he
had..</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At night, or in the rain,<BR>
He dons a <i>surcoat</i> which he doffs at morn.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A name given to the outer garment of either
sex at different epochs of the Middle Ages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"crew`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From F.
<i>surcro&icirc;t</i> increase, or <i>surcr&ucirc;</i>, p. p. of
<i>surcro&icirc;tre</i> to overgrow.] <def>Increase; addition;
surplus.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur"cu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>surculatus</i>, p. p. of <i>surculare</i> to purne, from
<i>surculus</i> a shoot, sprout. See <u>Surcle</u>.] <def>To purne; to
trim.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur`cu*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
purning.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur"cu*lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [CF. L.
<i>sucrulosus</i> woody. See <u>Surcle</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Producing suckers, or shoots resembling suckers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Surd</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>surdus</i> deaf
(whence the meaning, deaf to reason, irrational), perhaps akin to E.
<i>swart</i>.  Cf. <u>Sordine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Net having
the sense of hearing; deaf.</def> [Obs.] "A <i>surd</i> . . .
generation."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unheard.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Kenrick.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Involving surds; not capable
of being expressed in rational numbers; radical; irrational; as, a
<i>surd</i> expression or quantity; a <i>surd</i> number.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Phonetics)</i> <def>Uttered, as an element
of speech, without tone, or proper vocal sound; voiceless;
unintonated; nonvocal; atonic; whispered; aspirated; sharp; hard, as
<i>f</i>, <i>p</i>, <i>s</i>, etc.; -- opposed to <i>sonant</i>. See
<i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect;169, 179, 180.</def></p>

<p><hw>Surd</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A quantity which can not be expressed by
rational numbers; thus, &radic;2 is a <i>surd</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>A surd element of speech.
See <u>Surd</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Surd"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Surd</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Surd"i*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sardine.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Surd"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>surditas</i>.]
<def>Deafness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Surer</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Surest</u>.] [OE.
<i>sur</i>, OF. <i>se&uuml;r</i>, F. <i>s&ucirc;r</i>, L.
<i>securus</i>; <i>se</i> aside, without + <i>cura</i> care. See
<u>Secure</u>, and cf. <u>Assure</u>, <u>Insure</u>, <u>Sicker</u>
sure.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Certainly knowing and believing;
confident beyond doubt; implicity trusting; unquestioning;
positive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are <i>sure</i> that the judgment of God is
according to truth against them which commit such things.</blockquote>
<i>Rom. ii. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I'm <i>sure</i> care 's an enemy of life.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Certain to find or retain; as, to be
<i>sure</i> of game; to be <i>sure</i> of success; to be <i>sure</i>
of life or health.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fit or worthy to be depended on; certain
not to fail or disappoint expectation; unfailing; strong; permanent;
enduring.</def> "His <i>sure</i> word."  <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord will certainly make my lord a <i>sure</i>
house; because my lord fighteth the battles of the Lord.</blockquote>
<i>1 Sam. xxv. 28.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The testimony of the Lord is <i>sure</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Ps. xix. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Which put in good <i>sure</i> leather
sacks.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Betrothed; engaged to marry.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The king was <i>sure</i> to Dame Elizabeth Lucy, and
her husband before God.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I presume . . . that you had been <i>sure</i> as fast
as faith could bind you, man and wife.</blockquote> <i>Brome.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Free from danger; safe; secure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fear not; the forest is not three leagues off;<BR>
If we recover that we are <i>sure</i> enough.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To be sure</b></col>, or <col><b>Be sure</b></col>,
<cd>certainly; without doubt; as, Shall you do? <i>To be sure</i> I
shall.</cd> -- <col><b>To make sure</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To make certain; to secure so that there can be no failure of the
purpose or object.</cd> "<i>Make</i> Cato <i>sure</i>."
<i>Addison.</i> "A peace can not fail, provided we <i>make sure</i> of
Spain." <i>Sir W. Temple.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To betroth.</cd>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She that's <i>made sure</i> to him she loves not
well.</blockquote> <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Certain; unfailing; infallible; safe; firm;
permanent; steady; stable; strong; secure; indisputable; confident;
positive.</p>

<p><hw>Sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sure manner;
safely; certainly.</def> "Great, <i>sure</i>, shall be thy meed."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is pleasant, <i>sure</i>, to see one's name in
print.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sure"-foot`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not liable to
stumble or fall; as, a <i>sure-footed</i> horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sure"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a sure or certain manner; certainly; infallibly; undoubtedly;
assuredly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt
<i>surely</i> die.</blockquote> <i>Gen. ii. 17.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He that created something out of nothing, <i>surely</i>
can raise great things out of small.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without danger; firmly; steadly;
securely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that walketh uprightly walketh
<i>surely</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prov. x. 9.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sure"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A making sure;
surety.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Every <i>surement</i> and every bond.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sure"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
sure; certainty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For more <i>sureness</i> he repeats it.</blockquote>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The law holds with equal <i>sureness</i> for all right
action.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sures"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain. See
<u>Rudesby</u>.] <def>One to be sure of, or to be relied on.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There is one which is <i>suresby</i>, as they say, to
serve, if anything will serve.</blockquote> <i>Bradford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sure"ti*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Suretyship.</def>  <i>Prov. xi. 15.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sure"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sureties</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>seurte</i>, OF.
<i>se&uuml;rt&eacute;</i>, F. <i>s&ucirc;ret&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Sure</u>, <u>Security</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of
being sure; certainty; security.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Know of a <i>surety</i>, that thy seed shall be a
stranger in a land that is not theirs.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xv.
13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For the more <i>surety</i> they looked round
about.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which makes sure; that which confirms;
ground of confidence or security.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[We] our happy state<BR>
Hold, as you yours, while our obedience holds;<BR>
On other <i>surety</i> none.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Security against loss or damage; security
for payment, or for the performance of some act.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There remains unpaid<BR>
A hundred thousand more; in <i>surety</i> of the which<BR>
One part of Aquitaine is bound to us.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who is bound with and for
another who is primarily liable, and who is called the
<i>principal</i>; one who engages to answer for another's appearance
in court, or for his payment of a debt, or for performance of some
act; a bondsman; a bail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that is <i>surety</i> for a stranger shall smart for
it.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xi. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a substitute; a hostage.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Evidence; confirmation; warrant.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She called the saints to <i>surety</i>,<BR>
That she would never put it from her finger,<BR>
Unless she gave it to yourself.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sure"ty</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To act as surety
for.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sure"ty*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
surety; the obligation of a person to answer for the debt, default, or
miscarriage of another.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Surf</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formerly spelled
<i>suffe</i>, and probably the same word as E. <i>sough</i>.] <def>The
swell of the sea which breaks upon the shore, esp. upon a sloping
beach.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Surf bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a ploverlike
bird of the genus <i>Aphriza</i>, allied to the turnstone.</cd> --
<col><b>Surf clam</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large clam
living on the open coast, especially <i>Mactra, or Spisula,
solidissima</i>. See <u>Mactra</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Surf
duck</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of
sea ducks of the genus <i>Oidemia</i>, especially <i>O.
percpicillata</i>; -- called also <i>surf scoter</i>. See the Note
under <u>Scoter</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Surf fish</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species of California
embiotocoid fishes. See <u>Embiotocoid</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Surf
smelt</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Smelt</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Surf whiting</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Whiting</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Surf</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The bottom of a
drain.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur"face`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Sur-</u>,
and <u>Face</u>, and cf. <u>Superficial</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The exterior part of anything that has length and breadth; one of
the limits that bound a solid, esp. the upper face; superficies; the
outside; as, the <i>surface</i> of the earth; the <i>surface</i> of a
diamond; the <i>surface</i> of the body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bright <i>surface</i> of this ethereous
mold.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, outward or external
appearance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Vain and weak understandings, which penetrate no deeper
than the <i>surface</i>.</blockquote> <i>V. Knox.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A magnitude that has length
and breadth without thickness; superficies; as, a plane
<i>surface</i>; a spherical <i>surface</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>That part of the side which
is terminated by the flank prolonged, and the angle of the nearest
bastion.</def>  <i>Stocqueler.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Caustic surface</b></col>, <col><b>Heating
surface</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under <u>Caustic</u>, <u>Heating</u>,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Surface condensation</b></col>, <col><b>Surface
condenser</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Condensation</u>, and
<u>Condenser</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Surface gauge</b></col>
<i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>an instrument consisting of a standard having a
flat base and carrying an adjustable pointer, for gauging the evenness
of a surface or its height, or for marking a line parallel with a
surface.</cd> -- <col><b>Surface grub</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the larva of the great yellow underwing moth (<i>Triph&oelig;na
pronuba</i>). It is often destructive to the roots of grasses and
other plants.</cd> -- <col><b>Surface plate</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>,
<cd>a plate having an accurately dressed flat surface, used as a
standard of flatness by which to test other surfaces.</cd> --
<col><b>Surface printing</b></col>, <cd>printing from a surface in
relief, as from type, in distinction from <i>plate printing</i>, in
which the ink is contained in engraved lines.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sur"face</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Surfaced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Surfacing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give a surface to;
especially, to cause to have a smooth or plain surface; to make smooth
or plain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To work over the surface or soil of, as
ground, in hunting for gold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"fa*cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A form of
machine for dressing the surface of wood, metal, stone, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Surf"boat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
boat intended for use in heavy surf. It is built with a pronounced
sheer, and with a view to resist the shock of waves and of contact
with the beach.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"feit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>surfet</i>, OF.
<i>surfait</i>, <i>sorfait</i>, excess, arrogance, crime, fr.
<i>surfaire</i>, <i>sorfaire</i>, to augment, exaggerate, F.
<i>surfaire</i> to overcharge; <i>sur</i> over + <i>faire</i> to make,
do, L. <i>facere</i>. See <u>Sur-</u>, and <u>Fact</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Excess in eating and drinking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let not Sir <i>Surfeit</i> sit at thy
board.</blockquote> <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now comes the sick hour that his <i>surfeit</i>
made.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fullness and oppression of the system,
occasioned often by excessive eating and drinking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To prevent <i>surfeit</i> and other diseases that are
incident to those that heat their blood by travels.</blockquote>
<i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Disgust caused by excess; satiety.</def>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Matter and argument have been supplied abundantly, and
even to <i>surfeit</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur"feit</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To load the stomach with food, so that sickness or uneasiness
ensues; to eat to excess.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They are as sick that <i>surfeit</i> with too much as
they that starve with nothing.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To indulge to satiety in any
gratification.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"feit</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Surfeited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Surfeiting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To feed so as to oppress
the stomach and derange the function of the system; to overfeed, and
produce satiety, sickness, or uneasiness; -- often reflexive; as, to
<i>surfeit</i> one's self with sweets.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fill to satiety and disgust; to cloy;
as, he <i>surfeits</i> us with compliments.</def>  <i>V. Knox.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur"feit*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
surfeits.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur"feit-wa`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Water for
the cure of surfeits.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sur"fel</hw>, <hw>Sur"fle</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Sulphur</u>.] <def>To wash, as the face, with a
cosmetic water, said by some to be prepared from the sulphur.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She shall no oftener powder her hair, [or]
<i>surfel</i> her cheeks, . . . but she shall as often gaze on my
picture.</blockquote> <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Surf"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The surf duck.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Surf"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Surmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who serves in a surfboat in
the life-saving service.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tired or sore of
foot from travel; lamed.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Surf"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of,
abounding in, or resembling, surf; as, a <i>surfy</i> shore.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Scarce had they cleared the <i>surfy</i> waves<BR>
That foam around those frightful caves.</blockquote> <i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Surge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>surgere</i>,
<i>surrectum</i>, to raise, to rise; <i>sub</i> under + <i>regere</i>
to direct: cf. OF. <i>surgeon</i>, <i>sourgeon</i>, fountain. See
<u>Regent</u>, and cf. <u>Insurrection</u>, <u>Sortie</u>,
<u>Source</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A spring; a fountain.</def>
[Obs.] "Divers <i>surges</i> and springs of water."  <i>Ld.
Berners.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A large wave or billow; a great, rolling
swell of water, produced generally by a high wind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that doubteth is like the <i>surge</i> of the sea
driven by the wind and tossed.</blockquote> <i>James i. 6 (Rev.
Ver.)</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He flies aloft, and, with impetuous roar,<BR>
Pursues the foaming <i>surges</i> to the shore.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The motion of, or produced by, a great
wave.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The tapered part of a windlass barrel or a
capstan, upon which the cable surges, or slips.</def></p>

<p><hw>Surge</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
swell; to rise hifg and roll.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>surging</i> waters like a mountain
rise.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To slip along a
windlass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Surge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Surged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Surging</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>surgir</i> to cast anchor, to land.
Cf. <u>Surge</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To let go
or slacken suddenly, as a rope; as, to <i>surge</i> a hawser or
messenger; also, to slacken the rope about (a capstan).</def></p>

<p><hw>Surge"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding in
surges; surgy.</def> "Tossing the <i>surgeful</i> tides."
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Surge"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from surges;
smooth; calm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>surgens</i>, p.
pr.] <def>Rising; swelling, as a flood.</def> [R.]  <i>Robert
Greene.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur"geon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>surgien</i>,
OF. <i>surgien</i>, contr. fr. <i>chirurgien</i>. See
<u>Chirurgeon</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One whose profession or
occupation is to cure diseases or injuries of the body by manual
operation; one whose occupation is to cure local injuries or disorders
(such as wounds, dislocations, tumors, etc.), whether by manual
operation, or by medication and constitutional treatment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of ch&aelig;todont fishes of the family <i>Teuthid&aelig;</i>,
or <i>Acanthurid&aelig;</i>, which have one or two sharp lancelike
spines on each side of the base of the tail. Called also <i>surgeon
fish</i>, <i>doctor fish</i>, <i>lancet fish</i>, and <i>sea
surgeon</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Surgeon apothecary</b></col>, <cd>one who unites the
practice of surgery with that of the apothecary.</cd>
<i>Dunglison.</i> -- <col><b>Surgeon dentist</b></col>, <cd>a dental
surgeon; a dentist.</cd> -- <col><b>Surgeon fish</b></col>. <cd>See
def. 2, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Surgeon general</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>In the United States army, the chief of the
medical department.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In the British army,
a surgeon ranking next below the chief of the medical
department.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1452 !></p>

<p><hw>Sur"geon*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or
employment of a surgeon, as in the naval or military
service.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"geon*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Surgery.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur"ge*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>surgenrie</i>,
<i>surgerie</i>; cf. OF. <i>cirurgie</i>, F. <i>chirurgie</i>, L.
<i>chirurgia</i>, Gr. &?;. See <u>Surgeon</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The art of healing by manual operation; that branch of medical
science which treats of manual operations for the healing of diseases
or injuries of the body; that branch of medical science which has for
its object the cure of local injuries or diseases, as wounds or
fractures, tumors, etc., whether by manual operation or by medicines
and constitutional treatment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A surgeon's operating room or
laboratory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"gi*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to surgeons or surgery; done by means of surgery; used in surgery; as,
a <i>surgical</i> operation; <i>surgical</i> instruments.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Surgical fever</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Py&aelig;mia.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Traumatic fever, or the
fever accompanying inflammation.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sur"gi*cal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By means of
surgery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rising in surges or
billows; full of surges; resembling surges in motion or appearance;
swelling.</def> "Over the <i>surgy</i> main."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"ri*cat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>surikate</i>,
from the native name in South Africa.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Zenick</u>.</def> [Written also <i>suricate</i>,
<i>surikate</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`ri*nam" toad"</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species
of toad native of Surinam. See <u>Pipa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur`in*tend"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Superintendent</u>.] <def>Superintendent.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur"li*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a surly
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"li*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being surly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Surly</u>.]
<def>A sour, morose fellow.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur"loin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>surlonge</i>;
<i>sur</i> upon + <i>longe</i> loin. See <u>Sur-</u>, and
<u>Loin</u>.] <def>A loin of beef, or the upper part of the loin. See
<u>Sirloin</u>, the more usual, but not etymologically preferable,
orthography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Surlier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Surliest</u>.] [Probably from <i>sir</i>,
and originally meaning, <i>sirlike</i>, i.e., proud. See <u>Sir</u>,
and <u>Like</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Arrogant; haughty.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Gloomily morose; ill-natured, abrupt, and
rude; severe; sour; crabbed; rough; sullen; gloomy; as, a <i>surly</i>
groom; a <i>surly</i> dog; <i>surly</i> language; a <i>surly</i>
look.</def> "That <i>surly</i> spirit, melancholy."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Rough; dark; tempestuous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now softened into joy the <i>surly</i>
storm.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur"mark`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>
<def>A mark made on the molds of a ship, when building, to show where
the angles of the timbers are to be placed.</def> [Written also
<i>sirmark</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur*mis"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being surmised; as, a <i>surmisable</i> result.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*mis"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Surmise.</def>
[R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*mise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>surmise</i>
accusation, fr. <i>surmettre</i>, p. p. <i>surmis</i>, to impose,
accuse; <i>sur</i> (see <u>Sur-</u>) + <i>mettre</i> to put, set, L.
<i>mittere</i> to send. See <u>Mission</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
thought, imagination, or conjecture, which is based upon feeble or
scanty evidence; suspicion; guess; as, the <i>surmisses</i> of
jealousy or of envy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[We] double honor gain<BR>
From his <i>surmise</i> proved false.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No man ought to be charged with principles he actually
disowns, unless his practicies contradict his profession; not upon
small <i>surmises</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Reflection; thought.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Conjecture; supposition; suspicion; doubt.</p>

<p><hw>Sur*mise"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Surmised</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Surmising</u>.] <def>To imagine without certain knowledge; to infer
on slight grounds; to suppose, conjecture, or suspect; to
guess.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It wafted nearer yet, and then she knew<BR>
That what before she but <i>surmised</i>, was true.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This change was not wrought by altering the form or
position of the earth, as was <i>surmised</i> by a very learned man,
but by dissolving it.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*mis"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
surmises.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*mis"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Surmise</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*mount"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Surmounted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Surmounting</u>.] [OE. <i>sourmounten</i>, OF. <i>surmonter</i>,
<i>sormonter</i>, F. <i>surmonter</i>; <i>sur</i> over + <i>monter</i>
to mount. See <u>Sur-</u>, and <u>Mount</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rise above; to be higher than; to
overtop.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mountains of Olympus, Athos, and Atlas, overreach
and <i>surmount</i> all winds and clouds.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To conquer; to overcome; as, to
<i>surmount</i> difficulties or obstacles.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To surpass; to exceed.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>surmounts</i> the reach<BR>
Of human sense I shall delineate.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To conquer; overcome; vanquish; subdue; surpass;
exceed.</p>

<p><hw>Sur*mount"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>surmontable</i>.] <def>Capable of being surmounted or overcome;
superable.</def> -- <wf>Sur*mount"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sur*mount"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Having its vertical height greater than the half
span; -- said of an arch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Partly covered by another
charge; -- said of an ordinary or other bearing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*mount"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, surmounts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*mul"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>surmulet</i>;
<i>saur</i>, <i>saure</i>, brownish yellow, red + <i>mulet</i> a
mullet. See <u>Sorrel</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and <u>Mullet</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of various species of mullets of the
family <i>Millid&aelig;</i>, esp. the European species (<i>Millus
surmulletus</i>), which is highly prized as a food fish. See
<u>Mullet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"mu*lot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The brown, or Norway, rat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"name`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sur +
name</i>; really a substitution for OE. <i>sournoun</i>, from F.
<i>surnom</i>. See <u>Sur-</u>, and <u>Noun</u>, <u>Name</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A name or appellation which is added to, or
over and above, the baptismal or Christian name, and becomes a family
name.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Surnames originally designated occupation, estate, place of
residence, or some particular thing or event that related to the
person; thus, Edmund <i>Ironsides</i>; Robert <i>Smith</i>, or the
<i>smith</i>; William <i>Turner</i>. Surnames are often also
patronymics; as, John <i>Johnson</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An appellation added to the original name;
an agnomen.</def> "My <i>surname</i>, Coriolanus."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This word has been sometimes written <i>sirname</i>, as if
it signified <i>sire</i>-name, or the name derived from one's
father.</p>

<p><hw>Sur*name"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Surnamed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Surnaming</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>surnommer</i>.] <def>To name or call by
an appellation added to the original name; to give a surname
to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Another shall subscribe with his hand unto the Lord,
and <i>surname</i> himself by the name of Israel.</blockquote> <i>Isa.
xliv. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And Simon he <i>surnamed</i> Peter.</blockquote>
<i>Mark iii. 16.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*nom"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a surname or surnames.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*ox"i*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>To combine with oxygen so as to form a suroxide or
peroxide.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur*ox"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>suroxyde</i>. See <u>Sur-</u>, and <u>Oxide</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A peroxide.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur*pass"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Surpassed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Surpassing</u>.] [F. <i>surpasser</i>; <i>sur</i> over +
<i>passer</i> to pass. See <u>Sur-</u>, and <u>Pass</u>.] <def>To go
beyond in anything good or bad; to exceed; to excel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This would <i>surpass</i><BR>
Common revenge and interrupt his joy.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To exceed; excel; outdo; outstrip.</p>

<p><hw>Sur*pass"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
surpassed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*pass"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Eminently
excellent; exceeding others.</def> "With <i>surpassing</i> glory
crowned." <i>Milton.</i> -- <wf>Sur*pass"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Sur*pass"ing*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sur"phul</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
surfel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur"plice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>surplis</i>,
OF. <i>surpeiz</i>, LL. <i>superpellicium</i>; <i>super</i> over +
<i>pellicium</i>, <i>pelliceum</i>, a robe of fur, L. <i>pellicius</i>
made of skins. See <u>Pelisse</u>.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A white
garment worn over another dress by the clergy of the Roman Catholic,
Episcopal, and certain other churches, in some of their
ministrations.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Surplice fees</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>fees paid to
the English clergy for occasional duties.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sur"pliced</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wearing a
surplice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"plus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>sur</i>
over + <i>plus</i> more. See <u>Sur-</u>, and <u>Plus</u>, and cf.
<u>Superplus</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which remains when use
or need is satisfied, or when a limit is reached; excess;
overplus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, an amount in the public
treasury at any time greater than is required for the ordinary
purposes of the government.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"plus</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being or constituting
a surplus; more than sufficient; as, <i>surplus</i> revenues;
<i>surplus</i> population; <i>surplus</i> words.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the price of corn falleth, men give over
<i>surplus</i> tillage, and break no more ground.</blockquote>
<i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur"plus*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Surplus</u>, and cf. <u>Superplusage</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Surplus; excess; overplus; as, <i>surplusage</i> of grain or
goods beyond what is wanted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Take what thou please of all this
<i>surplusage</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>surplusage</i> given to one part is paid out of a
reduction from another part of the same creature.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Matter in pleading which is
not necessary or relevant to the case, and which may be
rejected.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Accounts)</i> <def>A greater disbursement
than the charge of the accountant amounts to.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Rees.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*pris"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Surprise</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>The act of surprising, or
state of being surprised; surprise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How to secure the lady from
<i>surprisal</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Because death is uncertain, let us prevent its
<i>surprisal</i>.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*prise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>surprise</i>,
fr. <i>surprendre</i>, <i>surpris</i>; <i>sur</i> over +
<i>prendre</i> to take, L. <i>prehendere</i>. See <u>Sur-</u>, and
<u>Prehensile</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of coming upon, or
taking, unawares; the act of seizing unexpectedly; surprisal; as, the
fort was taken by <i>surprise</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being surprised, or taken
unawares, by some act or event which could not reasonably be foreseen;
emotion excited by what is sudden and strange; a suddenly excited
feeling of wonder or astonishment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pure <i>surprise</i> and fear<BR>
Made me to quit the house.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything that causes such a state or
emotion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A dish covered with a crust of raised
paste, but with no other contents.</def> [Obs.]  <i>King.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Surprise party</b></col>, <cd>a party of persons who
assemble by mutual agreement, and without invitation, at the house of
a common friend.</cd> [U.S.] <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Wonder; astonishment; amazement.</p>

<p><hw>Sur*prise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Surprised</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Surprising</u>.] [From <u>Surprise</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>: cf.
F. <i>surprendre</i>, p. p. <i>surpris</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To come or fall suddenly and unexpectedly; to take unawares; to
seize or capture by unexpected attack.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fearfulness hath <i>surprised</i> the
hypocrites.</blockquote> <i>Isa. xxxiii. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The castle of Macduff I will
<i>surprise</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who can speak<BR>
The mingled passions that <i>surprised</i> his heart?</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike with wonder, astonishment, or
confusion, by something sudden, unexpected, or remarkable; to
confound; as, his conduct <i>surprised</i> me.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am <i>surprised</i> with an uncouth
fear.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Up he starts,<BR>
Discovered and <i>surprised</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To lead (one) to do suddenly and without
forethought; to bring (one) into some unexpected state; -- with
<i>into</i>; as, to be <i>surprised</i> into an indiscretion; to be
<i>surprised</i> into generosity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To hold possession of; to hold.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Not with me,<BR>
That in my hands <i>surprise</i> the sovereignity.</blockquote> <i>J.
Webster.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Astonish</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sur*prise"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Surprisal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*pris"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
surprises.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*pris"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Exciting surprise;
extraordinary; of a nature to excite wonder and astonishment; as,
<i>surprising</i> bravery; a <i>surprising</i> escape from
danger.</def> -- <wf>Sur*pris"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sur*pris"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Wonderful; extraordinary; unexpected; astonishing;
striking.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sur"que*dous</hw> (?), <hw>Sur"que*drous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having or exhibiting surquedry; arrogant;
insolent.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gower. James II. of Scot.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sur"que*dry</hw> (?), <hw>Sur"qui*dry</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>surcuidier</i> to presume; <i>sur</i>
over + <i>cuidier</i> to think, L. <i>cogitare</i>. See <u>Sur-</u>,
and <u>Cogitate</u>.] <def>Overweening pride; arrogance; presumption;
insolence.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then pay you the price of your
<i>surquedry</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur`re*bound"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To give
back echoes; to re&euml;cho.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur`re*but"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sur +
rebut</i>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>To reply, as a plaintiff to a
defendant's rebutter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur`re*but"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>The reply of a plaintiff to a defendant's rebutter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"rein`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sur +
rein</i>.] <def>To override; to exhaust by riding.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur`re*join"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sur +
rejoin</i>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>To reply, as a plaintiff to a
defendant's rejoinder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur`re*join"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>The answer of a plaintiff to a defendant's rejoinder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*ren"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Surrendered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Surrendering</u>.] [OF. <i>surrendre</i> to deliver;
<i>sur</i> over + <i>rendre</i> to render. See <u>Sur-</u>, and
<u>Render</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To yield to the power of
another; to give or deliver up possession of (anything) upon
compulsion or demand; as, to <i>surrender</i> one's person to an enemy
or to an officer; to <i>surrender</i> a fort or a ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give up possession of; to yield; to
resign; as, to <i>surrender</i> a right, privilege, or
advantage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>surrender</i> up that right which otherwise their
founders might have in them.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To yield to any influence, emotion,
passion, or power; -- used reflexively; as, to <i>surrender</i> one's
self to grief, to despair, to indolence, or to sleep.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To yield; to render or deliver
up; to give up; as, a principal <i>surrendered</i> by his bail, a
fugitive from justice by a foreign state, or a particular estate by
the tenant thereof to him in remainder or reversion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*ren"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To give up one's
self into the power of another; to yield; as, the enemy, seeing no way
of escape, <i>surrendered</i> at the first summons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*ren"der</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of surrendering; the act of yielding, or resigning one's
person, or the possession of something, into the power of another; as,
the <i>surrender</i> of a castle to an enemy; the <i>surrender</i> of
a right.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That he may secure some liberty he makes a
<i>surrender</i> in trust of the whole of it.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
yielding of a particular estate to him who has an immediate estate in
remainder or reversion.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The giving up
of a principal into lawful custody by his bail.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The delivery up of fugitives from justice by
one government to another, as by a foreign state. See
<u>Extradition</u>.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*ren`der*ee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>The person to whom a surrender is made.</def>  <i>Mozley &
W.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*ren"der*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
surrenders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*ren`der*or"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>One who makes a surrender, as of an estate.</def>
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*ren"dry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Surrender.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur*rep"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>surreptio</i>, or <i>subreptio</i>.  Cf. <u>Subreption</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of getting in a
surreptitious manner, or by craft or stealth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fame by <i>surreption</i> got<BR>
May stead us for the time, but lasteth not.</blockquote> <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A coming unperceived or suddenly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur`rep*ti"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>surreptitius</i>, or <i>subreptitius</i>, fr. <i>surripere</i>,
<i>subripere</i>, to snatch away, to withdraw privily; <i>sub-</i>
under + <i>rapere</i> to snatch. See <u>Sub-</u>, and <u>Ravish</u>.]
<def>Done or made by stealth, or without proper authority; made or
introduced fraudulently; clandestine; stealthy; as, a
<i>surreptitious</i> passage in an old manuscript; a
<i>surreptitious</i> removal of goods.</def> --
<wf>Sur`rep*ti"tious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sur"rey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A four-wheeled
pleasure carriage, (commonly two-seated) somewhat like a phaeton, but
having a straight bottom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"ro*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>surrogatus</i>, p. p. of <i>surrogare</i>, <i>subrogare</i>, to put
in another's place, to substitute; <i>sub</i> under + <i>rogare</i> to
ask, ask for a vote, propose a law. See <u>Rogation</u>, and cf.
<u>Subrogate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A deputy; a delegate; a
substitute.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The deputy of an ecclesiastical judge, most
commonly of a bishop or his chancellor, especially a deputy who grants
marriage licenses.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In some States of the United States, an
officer who presides over the probate of wills and testaments and
yield the settlement of estates.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1453 !></p>

<p><hw>Sur"ro*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put in
the place of another; to substitute.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur"ro*gate*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of
a surrogate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur`ro*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Surrogate</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Subrogation</u>.]
<def>The act of substituting one person in the place of another.</def>
[R.]  <i>Killingbeck.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*round"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Surrounded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Surrounding</u>.] [OF. <i>suronder</i> to overflow, LL.
<i>superundare</i>; fr. L. <i>super</i> over + <i>undare</i> to rise
in waves, overflow, fr. <i>unda</i> wave. The English sense is due to
the influence of E. <i>round</i>. See <u>Super-</u>, and
<u>Undulate</u>, and cf. <u>Abound</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
inclose on all sides; to encompass; to environ.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lie or be on all sides of; to encircle;
as, a wall <i>surrounds</i> the city.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But could instead, and ever-during dark<BR>
<i>Surrounds</i> me.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pass around; to travel about; to
circumnavigate; as, to <i>surround</i> the world.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To inclose, as a body of
troops, between hostile forces, so as to cut off means of
communication or retreat; to invest, as a city.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To encompass; encircle; environ; invest; hem in;
fence about.</p>

<p><hw>Sur*round"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A method of hunting
some animals, as the buffalo, by surrounding a herd, and driving them
over a precipice, into a ravine, etc.</def> [U.S.]  <i>Baird.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*round"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclosing;
encircling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*round"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An encompassing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The things which surround or
environ; external or attending circumstances or conditions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*roy"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sur-</i> +
<i>royal</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the terminal branches
or divisions of the beam of the antler of the stag or other large
deer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"sa*nure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [(Assumed) OF.
<i>sursane&uuml;re</i>. See <u>Sur-</u>, and <u>Sane</u>.] <def>A
wound healed or healing outwardly only.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Of a <i>sursanure</i><BR>
In surgery is perilous the cure.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur"se*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF., fr. OF. & F.
<i>surseoir</i>. See <u>Surcease</u>.] <def>Peace; quiet.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*sol"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sursolide</i>.
See <u>Sur-</u>, and <u>Solid</u>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The fifth
power of a number; as, <i>a&?;</i> is the <i>sursolid</i> of <i>a</i>,
or 32 that of 2.</def> [R.]  <i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*style"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
surname.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur"tax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An additional or
extra tax.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*tax"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To impose an
additional tax on.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*tout"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>sur</i>
over + <i>tout</i> all.] <def>A man's coat to be worn over his other
garments; an overcoat, especially when long, and fitting closely like
a body coat.</def>  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur"tur*brand</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>surtarbrandr</i>; <i>svartr</i> black + <i>brandr</i> a firebrand.]
<def>A fibrous brown coal or bituminous wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`ru*cu"cu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <i>Bush master</i>, under <u>Bush</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*veil"lance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>surveiller</i> to watch over; <i>sur</i> over + <i>veiller</i> to
watch, L. <i>vigilare</i>. See <u>Sur-</u>, and <u>Vigil</u>.]
<def>Oversight; watch; inspection; supervision.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That sort of <i>surveillance</i> of which . . . the
young have accused the old.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*veil"lant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Surveillants</b></plw> (#). [F., fr. <i>surveiller</i> to
watch over. See <u>Surveillance</u>.] <def>One who watches over
another; an overseer; a spy; a supervisor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*veil"lant</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Overseeing;
watchful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*vene"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Survened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Survening</u>.] [F. <i>survenir</i>. See <u>Supervene</u>.] <def>To
supervene upon; to come as an addition to.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A suppuration that <i>survenes</i>
lethargies.</blockquote> <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur"ve*nue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. See
<u>Survene</u>.] <def>A sudden or unexpected coming or stepping
on.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur*vey"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Surveyed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Surveying</u>.] [OF. <i>surveoir</i>, <i>surveer</i>; <i>sur</i>,
<i>sor</i>, over, E. <i>sur + veoir</i>, <i>veeir</i>, to see, F.
<i>voir</i>, L. <i>videre</i>. See <u>Sur-</u>, and <u>Vision</u>, and
cf. <u>Supervise</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To inspect, or take a
view of; to view with attention, as from a high place; to overlook;
as, to stand on a hill, and <i>survey</i> the surrounding
country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Round he <i>surveys</i> and well might, where he
stood,<BR>
So high above.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To view with a scrutinizing eye; to
examine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With such altered looks, . . . <BR>
All pale and speechless, he <i>surveyed</i> me round.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To examine with reference to condition,
situation, value, etc.; to examine and ascertain the state of; as, to
<i>survey</i> a building in order to determine its value and exposure
to loss by fire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To determine the form, extent, position,
etc., of, as a tract of land, a coast, harbor, or the like, by means
of linear and angular measurments, and the application of the
principles of geometry and trigonometry; as, to <i>survey</i> land or
a coast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To examine and ascertain, as the boundaries
and royalties of a manor, the tenure of the tenants, and the rent and
value of the same.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Jacob (Law Dict.).</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur"vey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formerly accentuated
universally on the last syllable, and still so accented by many
speakers.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of surveying; a general
view, as from above.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Under his proud <i>survey</i> the city
lies.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A particular view; an examination,
especially an official examination, of all the parts or particulars of
a thing, with a design to ascertain the condition, quantity, or
quality; as, a <i>survey</i> of the stores of a ship; a <i>survey</i>
of roads and bridges; a <i>survey</i> of buildings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The operation of finding the contour,
dimensions, position, or other particulars of, as any part of the
earth's surface, whether land or water; also, a measured plan and
description of any portion of country, or of a road or line through
it.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Survey of dogs</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Court of regard</i>,
under <u>Regard</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Trigonometrical survey</b></col>,
<cd>a survey of a portion of country by measuring a single base, and
connecting it with various points in the tract surveyed by a series of
triangles, the angles of which are carefully measured, the relative
positions and distances of all parts being computed from these
data.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Review; retrospect; examination; prospect.</p>

<p><hw>Sur*vey"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Survey.</def>
[R.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*vey"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Survey;
inspection.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur*vey"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That branch of
applied mathematics which teaches the art of determining the area of
any portion of the earth's surface, the length and directions of the
bounding lines, the contour of the surface, etc., with an accurate
delineation of the whole on paper; the act or occupation of making
surveys.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Geodetic surveying</b></col>, <cd>geodesy.</cd> --
<col><b>Maritime</b></col>, or <col><b>Nautical</b></col>,
<col><b>surveying</b></col>, <cd>that branch of surveying which
determines the forms of coasts and harbors, the entrances of rivers,
with the position of islands, rocks, and shoals, the depth of water,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Plane surveying</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Plane</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Topographical
surveying</b></col>, <cd>that branch of surveying which involves the
process of ascertaining and representing upon a plane surface the
contour, physical features, etc., of any portion of the surface of the
earth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sur*vey"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One placed to superintend others; an overseer; an
inspector.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Were 't not madness then,<BR>
To make the fox <i>surveyor</i> of the fold?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who views and examines for the purpose
of ascertaining the condition, quantity, or quality of anything; as, a
<i>surveyor</i> of highways, ordnance, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who surveys or measures land; one who
practices the art of surveying.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Customs)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
officer who ascertains the contents of casks, and the quantity of
liquors subject to duty; a gauger.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In
the United States, an officer whose duties include the various
measures to be taken for ascertaining the quantity, condition, and
value of merchandise brought into a port.</def> <i>Abbot.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Surveyor general</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
principal surveyor; as, the <i>surveyor general</i> of the king's
manors, or of woods and parks.</cd> [Eng.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An
officer having charge of the survey of the public lands of a land
district.</cd> [U.S.] <i>Davies & Peck (Math. Dict.).</i> --
<col><b>Surveyor's compass</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Circumferentor</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Surveyor's level</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Level</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sur*vey"or*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of a
surveyor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*view"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sur-</i>
+ <i>view</i>.  Cf. <u>Survey</u>.] <def>To survey; to make a survey
of.</def> [Obs.] "To <i>surview</i> his ground."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*view"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A survey.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Sanderson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*vise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Supervise</u>, and <u>Survey</u>.] <def>To look over; to
supervise.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*viv"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Survive</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A living or continuing longer
than, or beyond the existence of, another person, thing, or event; an
outliving.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arh&aelig;ol. & Ethnol.)</i> <def>Any habit,
usage, or belief, remaining from ancient times, the origin of which is
often unknown, or imperfectly known.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The close bearing of the doctrine of <i>survival</i> on
the study of manners and customs.</blockquote> <i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Survival of the fittest</b></col>. <i>(Biol.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Natural selection</i>, under <u>Natural</u>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sur*viv"ance</hw> (?), <hw>Sur*viv"an*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>survivance</i>.] <def>Survivorship.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His son had the <i>survivance</i> of the
stadtholdership.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*vive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Survived</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Surviving</u>.] [F. <i>survivre</i>, L. <i>supervivere</i>;
<i>super</i> over + <i>vivere</i> to live. See <u>Super-</u>, and
<u>Victuals</u>.] <def>To live beyond the life or existence of; to
live longer than; to outlive; to outlast; as, to <i>survive</i> a
person or an event.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p>
<blockquote>I'll assure her of<BR>
Her widowhood, be it that she <i>survive</i> me,<BR>
In all my lands and leases whatsoever.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*vive"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To remain alive;
to continue to live.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy pleasure,<BR>
Which, when no other enemy <i>survives</i>,<BR>
Still conquers all the conquerors.</blockquote> <i>Sir J.
Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Alike are life and death,<BR>
When life in death <i>survives</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*viv"en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Survivorship.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur*viv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
survives; a survivor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*viv"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Remaining alive;
yet living or existing; as, <i>surviving</i> friends; <i>surviving</i>
customs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*viv"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who survives or outlives another person, or any time, event,
or thing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>survivor</i> bound<BR>
In filial obligation for some term<BR>
To do obsequious sorrow.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The longer liver of two joint
tenants, or two persons having a joint interest in anything.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*viv"or*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being a survivor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The right of a joint tenant,
or other person who has a joint interest in an estate, to take the
whole estate upon the death of other.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Chance of survivorship</b></col>, <cd>the chance that a
person of a given age has of surviving another of a giving age; thus,
by the Carlisle tables of mortality the chances of survivorship for
two persons, aged 25 and 65, are 89 and 11 respectively, or about 8 to
1 that the elder die first.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sus*cep`ti*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Susceptibilities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F.
<i>susceptibilit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or
quality of being susceptible; the capability of receiving impressions,
or of being affected.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, capacity for deep feeling or
emotional excitement; sensibility, in its broadest acceptation;
impressibility; sensitiveness.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Magnetic susceptibility</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>the
intensity of magnetization of a body placed in a uniform megnetic
field of unit strength.</cd> <i>Sir W. Thomson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Capability; sensibility; feeling; emotion.</p>

<p><hw>Sus*cep"ti*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., from L.
<i>suscipere</i>, <i>susceptum</i>, to take up, to support, undertake,
recognize, admit; pref. <i>sus</i> (see <u>Sub-</u>) + <i>capere</i>
to take. See <u>Capable</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of
admitting anything additional, or any change, affection, or influence;
readily acted upon; as, a body <i>susceptible</i> of color or of
alteration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It sheds on souls <i>susceptible</i> of light,<BR>
The glorious dawn of our eternal day.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of impression; having nice
sensibility; impressible; tender; sensitive; as, children are more
<i>susceptible</i> than adults; a man of a <i>susceptible</i>
heart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Candidates are . . . not very <i>susceptible</i> of
affronts.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am constitutionally <i>susceptible</i> of
noises.</blockquote> <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sus*cep"ti*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sus*cep"ti*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sus*cep"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>susceptio</i>: cf. F. <i>susception</i>. See <u>Susceptible</u>.]
<def>The act of taking; reception.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sus*cep"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Susceptible.</def> <i>I. Watts.</i> --
<wf>Sus*cep"tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sus`cep*tiv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Capacity
for receiving; susceptibility.</def> [R.]  <i>Wollaston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*cep"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Susceptible</u>.] <def>One who undertakes anything; specifically, a
godfather; a sponsor; a guardian.</def>  <i>Puller. Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*cip"i*en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Admission.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sus*cip"i*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suscipiens</i>, p. pr. of <i>suscipere</i>. See
<u>Susceptible</u>.] <def>Receiving; admitting.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sus*cip"i*ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who takes or
admits; one who receives.</def> [R.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus`ci*ta*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Capability of being suscitated; excitability.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus"ci*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Suscitated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Suscitating</u>.] [L. <i>suscitatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>suscitare</i> to lift up, to rouse; pref. <i>sus-</i> (see <u>Sub-
</u>) + <i>citare</i> to rouse, excite.  Cf. <u>Excite</u>,
<u>Incite</u>.] <def>To rouse; to excite; to call into life and
action.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sus`ci*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suscitatio</i>: cf. F. <i>suscitation</i>.] <def>The act of raising
or exciting.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A mere <i>suscitation</i> or production of a
thing.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus"lik</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ.
<i>s&uacute;slik'</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A ground squirrel
(<i>Spermophilus citillus</i>) of Europe and Asia. It has large cheek
pouches.</def> [Written also <i>souslik</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sus*pect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>suspectus</i>,
p. p. of <i>suspicere</i> to look up, admire, esteem, to look at
secretly or askance, to mistrust; <i>sub</i> under + <i>specere</i> to
look: cf. F. <i>suspect</i> suspected, suspicious. See <u>Spy</u>, and
cf. <u>Suspicion</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Suspicious; inspiring
distrust.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Suspect</i> [was] his face, <i>suspect</i> his word
also.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Suspected; distrusted.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What I can do or offer is <i>suspect</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pect"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>suspectus</i>. See
<u>Suspect</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Suspicion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So with <i>suspect</i>, with fear and grief,
dismayed.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, is suspected; an
object of suspicion; -- formerly applied to persons and things; now,
only to persons suspected of crime.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pect"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Suspected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Suspecting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To imagine to exist; to
have a slight or vague opinion of the existence of, without proof, and
often upon weak evidence or no evidence; to mistrust; to surmise; --
commonly used regarding something unfavorable, hurtful, or wrong; as,
to <i>suspect</i> the presence of disease.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing makes a man <i>suspect</i> much, more than to
know little; and therefore men should remedy suspicion by procuring to
know more.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From her hand I could <i>suspect</i> no
ill.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To imagine to be guilty, upon slight
evidence, or without proof; as, to <i>suspect</i> one of
equivocation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To hold to be uncertain; to doubt; to
mistrust; to distruct; as, to <i>suspect</i> the truth of a
story.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To look up to; to respect.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To mistrust; distrust; surmise; doubt.</p>

<p><hw>Sus*pect"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To imagine guilt;
to have a suspicion or suspicions; to be suspicious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If I <i>suspect</i> without cause, why then make sport
at me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pect"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
suspected.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pect"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Distrusted;
doubted.</def> -- <wf>Sus*pect"ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sus*pect"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pect"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
suspects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pect"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Apt to suspect
or mistrust; full of suspicion; suspicious; as, to be
<i>suspectful</i> of the motives of others.</def> <i>Milton.</i> --
<wf>Sus*pect"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Suspicion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sus*pec"tious*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Suspiciousness; cause for suspicion.</def> [Obs. & R.]  <i>Ld.
Berners.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pect"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not suspecting; having no suspicion.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not suspected; not mistrusted.</def> [R.]
<i>Beau. & Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Suspended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Suspending</u>.] [F. <i>suspendre</i>, or OF. <i>souspendre</i>
(where the prefix is L. <i>subtus</i> below, from <i>sub</i> under),
L. <i>suspendere</i>, <i>suspensum</i>; pref. <i>sus-</i> (see <u>Sub-
</u>) + <i>pendere</i> to hang. See <u>Pedant</u>, and cf.
<u>Suspense</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
attach to something above; to hang; as, to <i>suspend</i> a ball by a
thread; to <i>suspend</i> a needle by a loadstone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make to depend; as, God hath
<i>suspended</i> the promise of eternal life on the condition of
obedience and holiness of life.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to cease for a time; to hinder
from proceeding; to interrupt; to delay; to stay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Suspend</i> your indignation against my
brother.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The guard nor fights nor fies; their fate so near<BR>
At once <i>suspends</i> their courage and their fear.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To hold in an undetermined or undecided
state; as, to <i>suspend</i> one's judgment or opinion.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To debar, or cause to withdraw temporarily,
from any privilege, from the execution of an office, from the
enjoyment of income, etc.; as, to <i>suspend</i> a student from
college; to <i>suspend</i> a member of a club.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Good men should not be <i>suspended</i> from the
exercise of their ministry and deprived of their livelihood for
ceremonies which are on all hands acknowledged
indifferent.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Sanderson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To cause to cease for a time from operation
or effect; as, to <i>suspend</i> the habeas corpus act; to
<i>suspend</i> the rules of a legislative body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To support in a liquid, as
an insoluble powder, by stirring, to facilitate chemical
action.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To suspend payment</b></col> <i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>to cease
paying debts or obligations; to fail; -- said of a merchant, a bank,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To hang; interrupt; delay; intermit; stay; hinder;
debar.</p>

<p><! p. 1454 !></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To cease from
operation or activity; esp., to stop payment, or be unable to meet
obligations or engagements (said of a commercial firm or a
bank).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pend"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, suspends; esp., one of a pair of straps or braces worn
over the shoulders, for holding up the trousers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sus`pen*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>suspensatio</i> suspension from a charge or benefice.] <def>The act
of suspending, or the state of being suspended, especially for a short
time; temporary suspension.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pense"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>suspens</i>,
L. <i>suspensus</i>, p. p. of <i>suspendere</i>. See <u>Suspend</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Held or lifted up; held or prevented from
proceeding.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[The great light of day] <i>suspense</i> in
heaven.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expressing, or proceeding from, suspense or
doubt.</def> [Obs.] "Expectation held his look <i>suspense</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pense"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From F. <i>suspens</i>,
a. See <u>Suspense</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being suspended; specifically, a state of
uncertainty and expectation, with anxiety or apprehension;
indetermination; indecision; as, the <i>suspense</i> of a person
waiting for the verdict of a jury.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ten days the prophet in <i>suspense</i>
remained.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon the ticklish balance of
<i>suspense</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cessation for a time; stop;
pause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A cool <i>suspense</i> from pleasure and from
pain.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Cf. F. <i>suspense</i>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
temporary cessation of one's right; suspension, as when the rent or
other profits of land cease by unity of possession of land and
rent.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Suspense account</b></col> <i>(Bookkeeping)</i>, <cd>an
account in which receipts or disbursements are temporarily entered
until their proper position in the books is determined.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pense"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
suspense.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hales.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pen`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being suspensible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pen"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being suspended; capable of being held from sinking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pen"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>suspension</i>, L. <i>suspensio</i> arched work, imperfect
pronunciation. See <u>Suspend</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
suspending, or the state of being suspended; pendency; as,
<i>suspension</i> from a hook.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, temporary delay, interruption,
or cessation</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Of labor, study,
pain, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of decision, determination,
judgment, etc.; as, to ask a <i>suspension</i> of judgment or opinion
in view of evidence to be produced.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Of
the payment of what is due; as, the <i>suspension</i> of a mercantile
firm or of a bank.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Of punishment, or
sentence of punishment.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>Of a person in
respect of the exercise of his office, powers, prerogative, etc.; as,
the <i>suspension</i> of a student or of a clergyman.</def>
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>Of the action or execution of law, etc.; as,
the <i>suspension</i> of the habeas corpus act.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A conditional withholding, interruption, or
delay; as, the <i>suspension</i> of a payment on the performance of a
condition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The state of a solid when its particles are
mixed with, but undissolved in, a fluid, and are capable of separation
by straining; also, any substance in this state.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A keeping of the hearer in
doubt and in attentive expectation of what is to follow, or of what is
to be the inference or conclusion from the arguments or observations
employed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>A stay or postponement
of execution of a sentence condemnatory by means of letters of
suspension granted on application to the lord ordinary.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The prolongation of one or
more tones of a chord into the chord which follows, thus producing a
momentary discord, suspending the concord which the ear expects.  Cf.
<u>Retardation</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pleas in suspension</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>pleas which
temporarily abate or suspend a suit.</cd> -- <col><b>Points of
suspension</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>the points, as in the axis or
beam of a balance, at which the weights act, or from which they are
suspended.</cd> -- <col><b>Suspension bridge</b></col>, <cd>a bridge
supported by chains, ropes, or wires, which usually pass over high
piers or columns at each end, and are secured in the ground
beyond.</cd> -- <col><b>Suspension of arms</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>,
<cd>a short truce or cessation of operations agreed on by the
commanders of contending armies, as for burying the dead, making
proposal for surrender or for peace, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Suspension
scale</b></col>, <cd>a scale in which the platform hangs suspended
from the weighing apparatus instead of resting upon it.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Delay; interruption; intermission; stop.</p>

<p><hw>Sus*pen"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>suspensif</i>. See <u>Suspend</u>.] <def>Tending to suspend, or to
keep in suspense; causing interruption or delay; uncertain;
doubtful.</def> "In <i>suspensive</i> thoughts." <i>Beaumont.</i> "A
<i>suspensive</i> veto." <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The provisional and <i>suspensive</i>
attitude.</blockquote> <i>J. Morley.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Suspensive</b></col><cd> condition <i>(Scots Law)</i>, a
condition precedent, or a condition without the performance of which
the contract can not be completed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pen"sor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A suspensory.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The cord which suspends the
embryo; and which is attached to the radicle in the young state; the
proembryo.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sus`pen*so"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Suspensoria</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Anything
which suspends or holds up a part: especially, the mandibular
suspensorium (a series of bones, or of cartilages representing them)
which connects the base of the lower jaw with the skull in most
vertebrates below mammals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pen"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Suspended; hanging; depending.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fitted or serving to suspend; suspending;
as, a <i>suspensory</i> muscle.</def>  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a
suspensorium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pen"so*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>suspensoir</i>, <i>suspensoire</i>.] <def>That which suspends, or
holds up, as a truss</def>; specifically <i>(Med.)</i>, <def>a bandage
or bag for supporting the scrotum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sus"pi*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suspacabilis</i>, fr. <i>suspicari</i> to suspect, akin to
<i>suspicere</i>. See <u>Suspect</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>Liable to suspicion; suspicious.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It is a very <i>suspicable</i> business.</blockquote>
<i>Dr. H. more.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pi"cien*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>suspiciens</i>, p. pr. of <i>suspicere</i>. See <u>Suspect</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Suspiciousness; suspicion.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hopkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pi"cion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>suspecioun</i>, OF. <i>souspe&ccedil;on</i>, F.
<i>soup&ccedil;on</i>, L. <i>suspectio</i> a looking up to, an
esteeming highly, suspicion, fr. <i>suspicere</i> to look up, to
esteem, to mistrust. The modern form <i>suspicion</i> in English and
French is in imitation of L. <i>suspicio</i> mistrust, suspicion. See
<u>Suspect</u>, and cf. <u>Suspicious</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of suspecting; the imagination or apprehension of the
existence of something (esp. something wrong or hurtful) without
proof, or upon very slight evidence, or upon no evidence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Suspicions</i> among thoughts are like bats among
birds, they ever fly by twilight.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Slight degree; suggestion; hint.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The features are mild but expressive, with just a
<i>suspicion</i> . . . of saturnine or sarcastic humor.</blockquote>
<i>A. W. Ward.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Jealousy; distrust; mistrust; diffidence; doubt.</p>

<p><hw>Sus*pi"cion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To view with
suspicion; to suspect; to doubt.</def> [Obs. or Low]
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pi"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>suspecious</i>; cf. L. <i>suspiciosus</i>. See <u>Suspicion</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inclined to suspect; given or prone to
suspicion; apt to imagine without proof.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nature itself, after it has done an injury, will ever
be <i>suspicious</i>; and no man can love the person he
suspects.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Many mischievous insects are daily at work to make men
of merit <i>suspicious</i> of each other.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Indicating suspicion, mistrust, or
fear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have a <i>suspicious</i>, fearful, constrained
countenance.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Liable to suspicion; adapted to raise
suspicion; giving reason to imagine ill; questionable; as, an author
of <i>suspicious</i> innovations; <i>suspicious</i>
circumstances.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I spy a black, <i>suspicious</i>, threatening
could.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Jealous; distrustful; mistrustful; doubtful;
questionable. See <u>Jealous</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Sus*pi"cious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sus*pi"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pir"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Suspire</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A breathing hole; a vent or
ventiduct.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A spring of water passing under ground
toward a cistern or conduit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sus`pi*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suspiratio</i>. See <u>Suspire</u>.] <def>The act of sighing, or
fetching a long and deep breath; a deep respiration; a sigh.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Windy <i>suspiration</i> of forced breath.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suspirare</i> to breathe out, to sigh; <i>sub</i> under +
<i>spirare</i> to breathe: cf. F. <i>souspirer</i>, OF.
<i>souspirer</i>.] <def>To fetch a long, deep breath; to sigh; to
breathe.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fireflies that <i>suspire</i><BR>
In short, soft lapses of transported flame.</blockquote> <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pire"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L. <i>suspirium</i>.]
<def>A long, deep breath; a sigh.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sus*pired"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ardently desired
or longed for; earnestly coveted.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*tain"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sustained</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sustaining</u>.] [OE. <i>sustenen</i>, <i>susteinen</i>, OF.
<i>sustenir</i>, <i>sostenir</i>, F. <i>soutenir</i> (the French
prefix is properly fr. L. <i>subtus</i> below, fr. <i>sub</i> under),
L. <i>sustinere</i>; pref. <i>sus-</i> (see <u>Sub-</u>) +
<i>tenere</i> to hold. See <u>Tenable</u>, and cf. <u>Sustenance</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To keep from falling; to bear; to uphold; to
support; as, a foundation <i>sustains</i> the superstructure; a beast
<i>sustains</i> a load; a rope <i>sustains</i> a weight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every pillar the temple to <i>sustain</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to keep from sinking, as in
despondence, or the like; to support.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No comfortable expectations of another life to
<i>sustain</i> him under the evils in this world.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To maintain; to keep alive; to support; to
subsist; to nourish; as, provisions to <i>sustain</i> an
army.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To aid, comfort, or relieve; to
vindicate.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His sons, who seek the tyrant to
<i>sustain</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To endure without failing or yielding; to
bear up under; as, to <i>sustain</i> defeat and
disappointment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To suffer; to bear; to undergo.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shall Turnus, then, such endless toil
<i>sustain</i>?</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You shall <i>sustain</i> more new
disgraces.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To allow the prosecution of; to admit as
valid; to sanction; to continue; not to dismiss or abate; as, the
court <i>sustained</i> the action or suit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To prove; to establish by evidence; to
corroborate or confirm; to be conclusive of; as, to <i>sustain</i> a
charge, an accusation, or a proposition.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To support; uphold; subsist; assist; relieve;
suffer; undergo.</p>

<p><hw>Sus*tain"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, upholds or sustains; a sustainer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I waked again, for my <i>sustain</i> was the
Lord.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*tain"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>soutenable</i>, OF. <i>soustenable</i>.] <def>Capable of being
sustained or maintained; as, the action is not
<i>sustainable</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sus*tained"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Held up to a
certain pitch, degree, or level; uniform; as, <i>sustained</i> pasion;
a <i>sustained</i> style of writing; a <i>sustained</i> note in
music.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sus*tain"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, sustains.</def>  <i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*tain"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
sustaining; maintenance; support.</def>  <i>Milton. Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*tal"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
contractile, fr. &?; to draw together, to moderate; &?; together + &?;
to place.] <def>Mournful; -- said of a species of music among the
ancient Greeks.</def>  <i>Busby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus"te*nance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>sustenance</i>, <i>sostenance</i>, <i>soustenance</i>: cf. L.
<i>sustenentia</i> endurance. See <u>Sustain</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of sustaining; support; maintenance; subsistence; as, the
<i>sustenance</i> of the body; the <i>sustenance</i> of
life.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which supports life; food; victuals;
provisions; means of living; as, the city has ample
<i>sustenance</i>.</def> "A man of little <i>sustenance</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For lying is thy <i>sustenance</i>, thy
food.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*ten"ta*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sustentaculum</i>. See <u>Sustentation</u>.] <def>Sustenance.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus`ten*tac"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sustenance</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Supporting; sustaining; as, a
<i>sustentacular</i> tissue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sus"ten*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
sustain.</def> [R.]  <i>C. Reade.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus`ten*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sustentatio</i> sustenance, maintenance, fr. <i>sustentare</i> to
support, maintain, v. intens. fr. <i>sustinere</i> to sustain: cf. F.
<i>sustentation</i>. See <u>Sustain</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of sustaining, or the state of being sustained; preservation from
falling; support; sustenance; maintenance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The aggregate of the
functions by which a living organism is maintained in a normal
condition of weight and growth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sustentation fund</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>a fund of a
religious body for support of its ministers, chapels, etc.; as, the
<i>sustentation fund</i> of the Free Church of Scotland.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sus"ten*ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adapted to
sustain, strengthen, or corroborate; as, <i>sustentative</i> citations
or quotations.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sustentative functions</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>,
<cd>those functions of the body which affect its material composition
and thus determine its mass.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sus*ten"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sustentation.</def> [R. or Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In fine images, in <i>sustention</i>, in irony, they
surpass anything that Burke ever wrote.</blockquote> <i>J.
Morley.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sus"ter</hw>, <hw>Sus"tre</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Susters</b></plw> (&?;), <plw><b>Sustres</b></plw>,
or <plw><b>Sustren</b></plw> (&?;). <def>Sister.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There are seven <i>sustren</i>, that serve truth
ever.</blockquote> <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"su</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Soosoo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su*sur"rant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>susurrans</i>, p. pr. from <i>susurrare</i> to whisper.]
<def>Whispering.</def> [R.] "The soft <i>susurrant</i> sigh."
<i>Poetry of Anti-Jacobin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`sur*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>susurratio</i>, fr. <i>susurrare</i> to whisper: cf. F.
<i>susurration</i>.] <def>A whispering; a soft murmur.</def> "Soft
<i>susurrations</i> of the trees."  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su*sur"ring*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
manner of a whisper.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Su*sur"rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>susurrus</i>.] <def>Whispering; rustling; full of whispering
sounds.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Su*sur"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>The act
of whispering; a whisper; a murmur.</def>  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The soft <i>susurrus</i> and sighs of the
branches.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sutilis</i>, fr.
<i>suere</i> to sew: cf. F. <i>sutile</i>.] <def>Done by
stitching.</def> [R.]  <i>Boswell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sut"ler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>zoetelaar</i>,
OD. <i>soetelaar</i>, a small trader, especially in camps, fr.
<i>soetelen</i> to undertake low offices; cf. G. <i>sudeln</i> to do
dirty work, to sully, soil, E. <i>suds</i>.] <def>A person who follows
an army, and sells to the troops provisions, liquors, and the
like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sut"ler*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition or
occupation of a sutler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sut"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to
sutlers; engaged in the occupation of a sutler.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of sirup made
by the Indians of Arizona from the fruit of some cactaceous plant
(probably the <i>Cereus giganteus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Su"tra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sutras</b></plw> (#). [Skr. <i>s&?;tra</i> a thread, a string
of rules; an aphorism; fr. <i>siv</i> to sew.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A precept; an aphorism; a brief rule.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A collection of such aphorisms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A body of Hindoo literature
containing aphorisms on grammar, meter, law, and philosophy, and
forming a connecting link between the Vedic and later Sanscrit
literature.</def>  <i>Balfour (Cyc. of India).</i></p>

<p><hw>Sut*tee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr. <i>sat&imacr;</i>
a faithful wife, fem. of <i>sant</i> existing, real, true, good, p.
pr. of <i>as</i> to be.  Cf. <u>Sooth</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
Hindoo widow who immolates herself, or is immolated, on the funeral
pile of her husband; -- so called because this act of self-immolation
is regarded as envincing excellence of wifely character.</def>
[India]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of burning a widow on the funeral
pile of her husband.</def> [India]</p>

<p>&fist; The practice, though abolished in British India law in 1829,
is not wholly prevented.</p>

<p><hw>Sut*tee"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The practice of
self-immolation of widows in Hindostan.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1455 !></p>

<p><hw>Sut"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Com.)</i> <def>The weight when the tare has been deducted, and
tret is yet to be allowed.</def>  <i>M&?;Culloch.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sut"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Sutler</u>.]
<def>To act as sutler; to supply provisions and other articles to
troops.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"tur*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sutural</i>, NL. <i>suturals</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to a suture, or seam.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Taking place at a suture; as,
a <i>sutural</i> de&?;iscence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"tur*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sutural
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"tur*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sewed or knit
together; united by a suture; stitched.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sutura</i>, fr.
<i>suere</i>, <i>sutum</i>, to sew or stitch: cf. F. <i>suture</i>.
See <u>Sew</u> to unite with thread.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of sewing; also, the line along which two things or parts are sewed
together, or are united so as to form a seam, or that which resembles
a seam.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
uniting of the parts of a wound by stitching.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The stitch by which the parts are
united.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The line of union, or seam,
in an immovable articulation, like those between the bones of the
skull; also, such an articulation itself; synarthrosis. See
<i>Harmonic suture</i>, under <u>Harmonic</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The line,
or seam, formed by the union of two margins in any part of a plant;
as, the ventral <i>suture</i> of a legume.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A line resembling a seam; as, the dorsal <i>suture</i> of a
legume, which really corresponds to a midrib.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
line at which the elytra of a beetle meet and are sometimes
confluent.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A seam, or impressed line,
as between the segments of a crustacean, or between the whorls of a
univalve shell.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Glover's suture</b></col>, <col><b>Harmonic
suture</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under <u>Glover</u>, <u>Harmonic</u>,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Su"tured</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a suture or
sutures; knit or united together.</def>  <i>Pennant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su*war"row</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The giant cactus (<i>Cereus giganteus</i>); -- so named by the
Indians of Arizona.  Called also <i>saguaro</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Su"ze*rain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., formed fr.
<i>sus</i> above, L. <i>susum</i>, <i>sursum</i> (fr. <i>sub</i> under
+ <i>versum</i>, p. p. of <i>vertere</i> to turn), after the analogy
of <i>souverain</i>, E. <i>sovereign</i>. See <u>Sub-</u>, and
<u>Verse</u>.] <def>A superior lord, to whom fealty is due; a feudal
lord; a lord paramount.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"ze*rain*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>suzerainet&eacute;</i>.] <def>The dominion or authority of a
suzerain; paramount authority.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swa</hw> (sw&auml;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>So</u>.]
<def>So.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swab</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swabbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swabbing</u>.] [See <u>Swabber</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To
clean with a mop or swab; to wipe when very wet, as after washing; as,
to <i>swab</i> the desk of a ship.</def> [Spelt also <i>swob</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Swab</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also <i>swob</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of mop for cleaning floors, the desks
of vessels, etc., esp. one made of rope-yarns or threads.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bit of sponge, cloth, or the like,
fastened to a handle, for cleansing the mouth of a sick person,
applying medicaments to deep-seated parts, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An epaulet.</def> [Sailor's
Slang]  <i>Marryat.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A cod, or pod, as of beans or pease.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A sponge, or other suitable substance,
attached to a long rod or handle, for cleaning the bore of a
firearm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swab"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To swab.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Swab"ber</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>zwabber</i>; cf.D.
<i>zwabberen</i> to swab, G. <i>schwabbern</i>, Dan. <i>svabre</i>,
Sw. <i>svab</i> a swab, <i>svabla</i> to swab.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who swabs a floor or desk.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Formerly, an interior
officer on board of British ships of war, whose business it was to see
that the ship was kept clean.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Swobber</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably fr. AS.
<i>swe&?;ian</i> to bind.] [Written also <i>swod</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cod, or pod, as of beans or pease.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Swad</i>, in the north, is a peascod shell -- thence
used for an empty, shallow-headed fellow.</blockquote>
<i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A clown; a country bumpkin.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.] "Country swains, and silly <i>swads</i>."
<i>Greene.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There was one busy fellow was their leader,<BR>
A blunt, squat <i>swad</i>, but lower than yourself.</blockquote>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A lump of mass; also, a crowd.</def> [Low,
U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Coal Mining)</i> <def>A thin layer of refuse
at the bottom of a seam.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swad"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>swe&?;il</i>,
<i>swe&?;el</i>, fr. <i>swe&?;ain</i> to bind. See <u>Swathe</u>.]
<def>Anything used to swaddle with, as a cloth or band; a swaddling
band.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They put me in bed in all my swaddles.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swad"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swaddled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swaddling</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bind as with a
bandage; to bind or warp tightly with clothes; to swathe; -- used esp.
of infants; as, to <i>swaddle</i> a baby.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>swaddled</i> me up in my nightgown with long
pieces of linen.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To beat; to cudgel.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swad"dle*bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The shoveler.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Swad"dler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A term of
contempt for an Irish Methodist.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swad"dling</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Swaddle</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Swaddling band</b></col>, <col><b>Swaddling
cloth</b></col>, or <col><b>Swaddling clout</b></col>, <cd>a band or
cloth wrapped round an infant, especially round a newborn
infant.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye shall find the babe wrapped in <i>swaddling
clothes</i>, lying in a manger.</blockquote> <i>Luke ii. 12.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swag</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swagged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swagging</u> (?).] [Cf. Icel. <i>sveggja</i>, <i>sveigja</i> to
bend, to sway, Norw. <i>svaga</i> to sway. See <u>Sway</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hang or move, as something loose and heavy;
to sway; to swing.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sink down by its weight; to sag.</def>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>swag</i> as a fat person's belly <i>swaggeth</i>
as he goeth.</blockquote> <i>Palsgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swag</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
swaying, irregular motion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A burglar's or thief's booty; boodle.</def>
[Cant or Slang]  <i>Charles Reade.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swag"-bel`lied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
prominent, overhanging belly.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swag"bel`ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A prominent, overhanging belly.</def>  <i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Any large tumor developed in
the abdomen, and neither fluctuating nor sonorous.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swage</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swaged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swaging</u> (?).] [Equiv. to <i>suage</i>, abbrev. fr.
<i>assuage</i>.] <def>See <u>Assuage</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Swage</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tool, variously shaped
or grooved on the end or face, used by blacksmiths and other workers
in metals, for shaping their work, whether sheet metal or forging, by
holding the swage upon the work, or the work upon the swage, and
striking with a sledge.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Swage block</b></col>, <cd>a perforated block of iron,
having grooved sides and adapted for use in heading bolts and swaging
objects of large size.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swage</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shape by means of a
swage; to fashion, as a piece of iron, by forcing it into a groove or
mold having the required shape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swag"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swaggered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swaggering</u>.] [Freq. of <i>swag</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
walk with a swaying motion; hence, to walk and act in a pompous,
consequential manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man who <i>swaggers</i> about London
clubs.</blockquote> <i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To boast or brag noisily; to be
ostentatiously proud or vainglorious; to bluster; to bully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What a pleasant it is . . . to <i>swagger</i> at the
bar!</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To be great is not . . . to <i>swagger</i> at our
footmen.</blockquote> <i>Colier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swag"ger</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bully.</def>
[R.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swag"ger</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or manner of a
swaggerer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He gave a half <i>swagger</i>, half leer, as he stepped
forth to receive us.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swag"ger*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
swaggers; a blusterer; a bully; a boastful, noisy fellow.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swag"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclined to swag;
sinking, hanging, or leaning by its weight.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>swain</i>,
<i>swein</i>, Icel. <i>sveinn</i> a boy, servant; akin to Sw.
<i>sven</i>, Dan. <i>svend</i>, AS. <i>sw&amacr;n</i>, OHG.
<i>swein</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A servant.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Him behoves serve himself that has no
<i>swain</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A young man dwelling in the country; a
rustic; esp., a cuntry gallant or lover; -- chiefly in
poetry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It were a happy life<BR>
To be no better than a homely <i>swain</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Blest <i>swains</i>! whose nymphs in every grace
excel.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swain"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
resembling, a swain; rustic; ignorant.</def> "An ungentle and
<i>swainish</i> beast." <i>Milton.</i> -- <wf>Swain"ish*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swain"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
swain.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Swain"mote`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Swain</i> +
<i>mote</i> meeting: cf. LL. <i>swanimotum</i>.] <i>(Eng. Forest
Law)</i> <def>A court held before the verders of the forest as judges,
by the steward of the court, thrice every year, the swains, or
freeholders, within the forest composing the jury.</def> [Written also
<i>swanimote</i>, and <i>sweinmote</i>.]  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swain"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition of a
swain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swaip</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Sweep</u>.]
<def>To walk proudly; to sweep along.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Todd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swal</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Swell</u>.
<def>Swelled.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>svalr</i>
cool, <i>svala</i> to cool.] <def>A valley or low place; a tract of
low, and usually wet, land; a moor; a fen.</def> [Prov. Eng. & Local,
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Swale</hw>, <pos><i>v. i. & t.</i></pos> <def>To melt and waste
away; to singe. See <u>Sweal</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Swale</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gutter in a
candle.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swal"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>schwall</i>
a sea swell, from <i>schwellen</i> to swell, E. <i>swell</i>.]
<def>Water breaking in upon the miners at their work; -- so called
among tin miners.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swal"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>swalowe</i>,
AS. <i>swalewe</i>, <i>swealwe</i>; akin to D. <i>zwaluw</i>, OHG.
<i>swalawa</i>, G. <i>schwalbe</i>, Icel. & Sw. <i>svala</i>, Dan.
<i>svale</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
numerous species of passerine birds of the family
<i>Hirundinid&aelig;</i>, especially one of those species in which the
tail is deeply forked. They have long, pointed wings, and are noted
for the swiftness and gracefulness of their flight.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The most common North American species are the barn swallow
(see under <u>Barn</u>), the cliff, or eaves, swallow (see under
<u>Cliff</u>), the white-bellied, or tree, swallow (<i>Tachycineta
bicolor</i>), and the bank swallow (see under <u>Bank</u>). The common
European swallow (<i>Chelidon rustica</i>), and the window swallow, or
martin (<i>Chelidon urbica</i>), are familiar species.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of swifts which resemble the true swallows in form and habits,
as the common American chimney swallow, or swift.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The aperture in a block
through which the rope reeves.</def>  <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Swallow plover</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one
of several species of fork-tailed ploverlike birds of the genus
<i>Glareola</i>, as <i>G. orientalis</i> of India; a pratincole.</cd>
-- <col><b>Swallow shrike</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one
of several species of East Indian and Asiatic birds of the family
<i>Artamiid&aelig;</i>, allied to the shrikes but similar to swallows
in appearance and habits. The ashy swallow shrike (<i>Artamus
fuscus</i>) is common in India.</cd> -- <col><b>Swallow
warbler</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species
of East Indian and Australian singing birds of the genus
<i>Dic&aelig;um</i>. They are allied to the honeysuckers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swal"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swallowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swallowing</u>.] [OE. <i>swolewen</i>, <i>swolwen</i>,
<i>swolhen</i>, AS. <i>swelgan</i>; akin to D. <i>zwelgen</i>, OHG.
<i>swelahan</i>, <i>swelgan</i>, G. <i>schwelgen</i> to feast, to
revel, Icel. <i>svelgia</i> to swallow, SW. <i>sv&auml;lja</i>, Dan.
<i>sv&aelig;lge</i>.  Cf. <u>Groundsel</u> a plant.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take into the stomach; to receive through
the gullet, or esophagus, into the stomach; as, to <i>swallow</i> food
or drink.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As if I had <i>swallowed</i> snowballs for
pills.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw into an abyss or gulf; to ingulf;
to absorb -- usually followed by <i>up</i>.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The earth opened her mouth, and <i>swallowed</i> them
up, and their houses.</blockquote> <i>Num. xvi. 32.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To receive or embrace, as opinions or
belief, without examination or scruple; to receive
implicitly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though that story . . . be not so readily
<i>swallowed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To engross; to appropriate; -- usually with
<i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Homer excels . . . in this, that he <i>swallowed</i> up
the honor of those who succeeded him.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To occupy; to take up; to employ.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The necessary provision of the life <i>swallows</i> the
greatest part of their time.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To seize and waste; to exhaust; to
consume.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Corruption <i>swallowed</i> what the liberal hand<BR>
Of bounty scattered.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To retract; to recant; as, to
<i>swallow</i> one's opinions.</def> "<i>Swallowed</i> his vows
whole."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To put up with; to bear patiently or
without retaliation; as, to <i>swallow</i> an affront or
insult.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To absorb; imbibe; ingulf; engross; consume. See
<u>Absorb</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Swal"low</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To perform the act
of swallowing; as, his cold is so severe he is unable to
<i>swallow</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swal"low</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of swallowing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The gullet, or esophagus; the
throat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Taste; relish; inclination; liking.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I have no <i>swallow</i> for it.</blockquote>
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Capacity for swallowing;
voracity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There being nothing too gross for the <i>swallow</i> of
political rancor.</blockquote> <i>Prof. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>As much as is, or can be, swallowed at
once; as, a <i>swallow</i> of water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>That which ingulfs; a whirlpool.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swal"low*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
swallows; also, a glutton.</def>  <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swal"low*fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European sapphirine gurnard (<i>Trigla
hirundo</i>). It has large pectoral fins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swal"low*tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A kind of tenon or tongue used
in making joints. See <u>Dovetail</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of
willow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>An outwork with converging
sides, its head or front forming a re&euml;ntrant angle; -- so called
from its form.  Called also <i>priestcap</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A swallow-tailed coat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This Stultz coat, a blue <i>swallowtail</i>, with
yellow buttons.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An arrow.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of large and handsome butterflies, belonging to Papilio and
allied genera, in which the posterior border of each hind wing is
prolongated in the form of a long lobe.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The black swallowtail, or asterias (see <u>Papilio</u>), the
blue swallowtail, or philenor, the tiger swallowtail, or turnus (see
<u>Turnus</u>), and the zebra swallowtail, or ajax (see under
<u>Zebra</u>) are common American species.  See also
<u>Troilus</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Swal"low-tailed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a tail like that of a swallow; hence,
like a swallow's tail in form; having narrow and tapering or pointed
skirts; as, a <i>swallow-tailed</i> coat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>United by dovetailing;
dovetailed.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Swallow-tailed duck</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
old squaw.</cd> -- <col><b>Swallow-tailed gull</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an Arctic gull (<i>Xema furcata</i>), which
has a deeply forked tail.</cd> -- <col><b>Swallow-tailed</b></col>
<col><b>hawk or kite</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the fork-
tailed kite.</cd> -- <col><b>Swallow-tailed moth</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a European moth (<i>Urapteryx sambucaria</i>)
having tail-like lobes on the hind wings.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swal"low*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>See <u>Celandine</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A poisonous plant (<i>Vincetoxicum
officinale</i>) of the Milkweed family, at one time used in medicine;
-- also called <i>white swallowwort</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>African swallowwort</b></col>, <cd>a plant of the genus
Stapelia.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swam</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Swim</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swamp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>swam</i> a
fungus, OD. <i>swam</i> a sponge, D. <i>zwam</i> a fungus, G.
<i>schwamm</i> a sponge, Icel. <i>sv&ouml;ppr</i>, Dan. & Sw.
<i>swamp</i>, Goth. <i>swamms</i>, Gr. <grk>somfo`s</grk> porous,
spongy.] <def>Wet, spongy land; soft, low ground saturated with water,
but not usually covered with it; marshy ground away from the
seashore.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gray <i>swamps</i> and pools, waste places of the
hern.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>swamp</i> differs from a bog and a marsh in
producing trees and shrubs, while the latter produce only herbage,
plants, and mosses.</blockquote> <i>Farming Encyc. (E. Edwards,
Words).</i></p>

<p><col><b>Swamp blackbird</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Redwing</u> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>Swamp
cabbage</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>skunk cabbage.</cd> --
<col><b>Swamp deer</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an Asiatic deer
(<i>Rucervus Duvaucelli</i>) of India.</cd> -- <col><b>Swamp
hen</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An
Australian azure-breasted bird (<i>Porphyrio bellus</i>); -- called
also <i>goollema</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An Australian water
crake, or rail (<i>Porzana Tabuensis</i>); -- called also <i>little
swamp hen</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>The European purple
gallinule.</cd> -- <col><b>Swamp honeysuckle</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>an American shrub (<i>Azalea, or Rhododendron, viscosa</i>)
growing in swampy places, with fragrant flowers of a white color, or
white tinged with rose; -- called also <i>swamp pink</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Swamp hook</b></col>, <cd>a hook and chain used by lumbermen
in handling logs.  Cf. <u>Cant hook</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Swamp
itch</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See <i>Prairie itch</i>, under
<u>Prairie</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Swamp laurel</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a shrub (<i>Kalmia glauca</i>) having small leaves with the lower
surface glaucous.</cd> -- <col><b>Swamp maple</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>red maple. See <u>Maple</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Swamp oak</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name given to several kinds of oak which grow in
swampy places, as swamp Spanish oak (<i>Quercus palustris</i>), swamp
white oak (<i>Q. bicolor</i>), swamp post oak (<i>Q. lyrata</i>).</cd>
-- <col><b>Swamp ore</b></col><cd> <i>(Min.)</i>, bog ore;
limonite.</cd> -- <col><b>Swamp partridge</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several Australian game birds of
the genera <i>Synoicus</i> and <i>Excalfatoria</i>, allied to the
European partridges.</cd> -- <col><b>Swamp robin</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the chewink.</cd> -- <col><b>Swamp
sassafras</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a small North American tree of
the genus <i>Magnolia</i> (<i>M. glauca</i>) with aromatic leaves and
fragrant creamy-white blossoms; -- called also <i>sweet bay</i>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Swamp sparrow</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a common
North American sparrow (<i>Melospiza Georgiana</i>, or <i>M.
palustris</i>), closely resembling the song sparrow. It lives in low,
swampy places.</cd> -- <col><b>Swamp willow</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>See <i>Pussy willow</i>, under <u>Pussy</u>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1456 !></p>

<p><hw>Swamp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swamped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swamping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To plunge or sink into a
swamp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To cause (a boat) to become
filled with water; to capsize or sink by whelming with
water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To plunge into difficulties and
perils; to overwhelm; to ruin; to wreck.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Whig majority of the house of Lords was
<i>swamped</i> by the creation of twelve Tory peers.</blockquote>
<i>J. R. Green.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Having <i>swamped</i> himself in following the ignis
fatuus of a theory.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swamp</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
sink or stick in a swamp; figuratively, to become involved in
insuperable difficulties.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To become filled with water, as a boat; to
founder; to capsize or sink; figuratively, to be ruined; to be
wrecked.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swamp"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of
swamp; like a swamp; low, wet, and spongy; as, <i>swampy</i>
land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>swan</i>; akin to
D. <i>zwaan</i>, OHG. <i>swan</i>, G. <i>schwan</i>, Icel.
<i>svanr</i>, Sw. <i>svan</i>, Dan. <i>svane</i>; and perhaps to E.
<i>sound</i> something audible.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of large aquatic
birds belonging to <i>Cygnus</i>, <i>Olor</i>, and allied genera of
the subfamily <i>Cygnin&aelig;</i>. They have a large and strong beak
and a long neck, and are noted for their graceful movements when
swimming. Most of the northern species are white. In literature the
swan was fabled to sing a melodious song, especially at the time of
its death.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The European white, or mute, swan (<i>Cygnus gibbus</i>),
which is most commonly domesticated, bends its neck in an S-shaped
curve. The whistling, or trumpeting, swans of the genus <i>Olor</i> do
not bend the neck in an S-shaped curve, and are noted for their loud
and sonorous cry, due to complex convolutions of the windpipe. To this
genus belong the European whooper, or whistling swan (<i>Olor
cygnus</i>), the American whistling swan (<i>O. Columbianus</i>), and
the trumpeter swan (<i>O. buccinator</i>). The Australian black swan
(<i>Chenopis atrata</i>) is dull black with white on the wings, and
has the bill carmine, crossed with a white band. It is a very graceful
species and is often domesticated. The South American black-necked
swan (<i>Sthenelides melancorypha</i>) is a very beautiful and
graceful species, entirely white, except the head and neck, which are
dark velvety seal-brown. Its bill has a double bright rose-colored
knob.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: An appellation for a sweet singer, or
a poet noted for grace and melody; as Shakespeare is called the
<i>swan</i> of Avon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The constellation
Cygnus.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Swan goose</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a bird of
India (<i>Cygnopsis cygnoides</i>) resembling both the swan and the
goose.</cd> -- <col><b>Swan shot</b></col>, <cd>a large size of shot
used in fowling.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swang</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Swing</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swang</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Swamp</u>.] <def>A
swamp.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swan"herd`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who tends or
marks swans; as, the royal <i>swanherd</i> of England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swan"-hop`ping</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A corruption
of <u>Swan-upping</u>.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swan"i*mote</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eng. Forest
Law)</i> <def>See <u>Swainmote</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Swank"ie</hw>, <hw>Swank"y</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. G. <i>schwank</i> flexible, pliant.] <def>An active and clever
young fellow.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swan"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a
swan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swan"mark`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mark of
ownership cut on the bill or swan.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Encyc.
Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swan"ner*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place where
swans are bred.</def> "The largest <i>swannery</i> in England."
<i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swan"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Swanlike; as, a
<i>swanny</i> glossiness of the neck.</def>  <i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swan"pan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Schwanpan</u>.]
<def>The Chinese abacus; a schwanpan.</def>  <i>S. W.
Williams.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Swan's"-down`</hw> (?), or <hw>Swans"-down`</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The down, or fine, soft
feathers, of the swan, used on various articles of dress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fine, soft, thick cloth of wool mixed
with silk or cotton; a sort of twilled fustian, like
moleskin.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Swan's-down cotton</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Cotton
flannel</i>, under <u>Cotton</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swan"skin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of a swan with the down or the feathers on.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A species of soft flannel, thick and
warm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swan"-up`ping</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A yearly
expedition on the Thames to take up young swans and mark them, as by
Companies of Dyers and Vintners; -- called also <i>swan-
hopping</i>.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swap</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swapped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swapping</u>.] [OE. <i>swappen</i> to strike; cf. E. to
<i>strike</i> a bargain; perh. akin to E. <i>sweep</i>.  Cf.
<u>Swap</u> a blow, <u>Swap</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] [Written
also <i>swop</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike; -- with
<i>off</i>.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] "<i>Swap</i> off his head!"
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exchange (usually two things of the same
kind); to swop.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Miss Edgeworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swap</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Swap</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fall or descend; to rush
hastily or violently.</def>  <i>C. Richardson (Dict.).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All suddenly she <i>swapt</i> adown to
ground.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To beat the air, or ply the wings, with a
sweeping motion or noise; to flap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swap</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>schwapp</i>, n., a
slap, swap, <i>schwapp</i>, <i>schwapps</i>, interj., slap! smack! and
E. <i>swap</i>, v.t.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A blow; a stroke.</def>
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An exchange; a barter.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swap</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>Swap</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Hastily.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swape</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Sweep</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 12.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sward</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sweard</i> skin,
covering; akin to OFries. <i>swarge</i>, D. <i>zwoord</i>, G.
<i>schwarte</i>, Icel. <i>sv&ouml;r&?;r</i> skin, sward of the earth.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Skin; covering.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The grassy surface of land; that part of
the soil which is filled with the roots of grass; turf.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sward</i> was trim as any garden
lawn.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sward pork</b></col>, <cd>bacon in large fitches.</cd>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sward</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swarded</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swarding</u>.] <def>To produce sward upon; to cover, or be covered,
with sward.</def>  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sward"-cut`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A plow for turning up grass land.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A lawn mower.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sward"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered with
sward.</def>  <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sward"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered with sward
or grass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sware</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Swear</u>.</def> [Obs. or Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Cophetua <i>sware</i> a royal oath.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swarf</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Swerve</u>.]
<def>To grow languid; to faint.</def> [Scot.] "To <i>swarf</i> for
very hunger."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swarf</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Swerve</u>.] <def>The
grit worn away from grindstones in grinding cutlery wet.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swarm</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Swerve</u>.]
<def>To climb a tree, pole, or the like, by embracing it with the arms
and legs alternately. See <u>Shin</u>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>At the top was placed a piece of money, as a prize for
those who could <i>swarm</i> up and seize it.</blockquote> <i>W.
Coxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swarm</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>swarm</i>, AS.
<i>swearm</i>; akin to D. <i>zwerm</i>, G. <i>schwarm</i>, OHG.
<i>swaram</i>, Icel. <i>svarmr</i> a tumult, Sw. <i>sv&auml;rm</i> a
swarm, Dan. <i>sv&aelig;rm</i>, and G. <i>schwirren</i> to whiz, to
buzz, Skr. <i>svar</i> to sound, and perhaps to E. <i>swear</i>.
&radic;177.  Cf. <u>Swerve</u>, <u>Swirl</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A large number or mass of small animals or insects, especially
when in motion.</def> "A deadly <i>swarm</i> of hornets."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, a great number of honeybees
which emigrate from a hive at once, and seek new lodgings under the
direction of a queen; a like body of bees settled permanently in a
hive.</def> "A <i>swarm</i> of bees."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, any great number or multitude, as of
people in motion, or sometimes of inanimate objects; as, a
<i>swarm</i> of meteorites.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those prodigious <i>swarms</i> that had settled
themselves in every part of it [Italy].</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Multitude; crowd; throng.</p>

<p><hw>Swarm</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swarmed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swarming</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To collect, and depart from
a hive by flight in a body; -- said of bees; as, bees <i>swarm</i> in
warm, clear days in summer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To appear or collect in a crowd; to throng
together; to congregate in a multitude.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be crowded; to be thronged with a
multitude of beings in motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every place <i>swarms</i> with soldiers.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To abound; to be filled (with).</def>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To breed multitudes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not so thick <i>swarmed</i> once the soil<BR>
Bedropped with blood of Gorgon.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swarm</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To crowd or
throng.</def>  <i>Fanshawe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swarm"spore`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of innumerable minute, motile, reproductive
bodies, produced asexually by certain alg&aelig; and fungi; a
zo&ouml;spore.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the minute
flagellate germs produced by the sporulation of a protozoan; -- called
also <i>zo&ouml;spore</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swart</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sward.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swart</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>swart</i>, AS.
<i>sweart</i> black; akin to OFries, OS. & LG. <i>swart</i>, D.
<i>zwart</i>, G. <i>schwartz</i>, OHG. <i>swarz</i>, Icel.
<i>svarir</i>, Sw. <i>svart</i>, Dan. <i>sort</i>, Goth.
<i>swarts</i>; cf. L. <i>sordes</i> dirt, <i>sordere</i> to be dirty.
Cf. <u>Sordid</u>, <u>Surd</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of a dark
hue; moderately black; swarthy; tawny.</def> "<i>Swart</i>
attendants." <i>Trench.</i> "<i>Swart</i> savage maids."
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A nation strange, with visage
<i>swart</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Gloomy; malignant.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Swart star</b></col>, <cd>the Dog Star; -- so called from
its appearing during the hot weather of summer, which makes swart the
countenance.</cd> [R.] <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swart</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make swart or
tawny; as, to <i>swart</i> a living part.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swart"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The black-backed gull (<i>Larus marinus</i>); -- called also
<i>swarbie</i>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swarth</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Swart;
swarthy.</def> "A <i>swarth</i> complexion."  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swarth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An apparition of a
person about to die; a wraith.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swarth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sward</u>.]
<def>Sward; short grass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Grassy <i>swarth</i>, close cropped by nibbling
sheep.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swarth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Swath</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swarth"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a swarthy
manner; with a tawny hue; duskily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swarth"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being swarthy; a dusky or dark complexion;
tawniness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swarth"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Swarthiness.</def>
[R.]  <i>Dr. R. Clerke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swarth"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Swarthier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Swarthiest</u>.] [See <u>Swart</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Being of a dark hue or dusky complexion;
tawny; swart; as, <i>swarthy</i> faces.</def> "A <i>swarthy</i>
Ethiope."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their <i>swarthy</i> hosts would darken all our
plains.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swarth"y</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
swarthy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swart"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Swarthiness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Swart"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat swart, dark,
or tawny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swart"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being swart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swart"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Swarthy;
tawny.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swarve</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Swerve</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To swerve.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]  <i>Spenser.
Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To climb.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swash</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Swash</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, <u>Squash</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An oval figure, whose moldings are oblique to the
axis of the work.</def>  <i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Swash plate</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a revolving
circular plate, set obliquely on its shaft, and acting as a cam to
give a reciprocating motion to a rod in a direction parallel to the
shaft.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swash</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Swash</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>, <u>Squash</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Soft, like
fruit too ripe; swashy.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Pegge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swash</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swashed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swashing</u>.] [Probably of imitative origin; cf. Sw.
<i>svasska</i> to splash, and, for sense 3, Sw. <i>svassa</i> to
bully, to rodomontade.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To dash or flow
noisily, as water; to splash; as, water <i>swashing</i> on a shallow
place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fall violently or noisily.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bluster; to make a great noise; to vapor
or brag.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swash</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Impulse of water flowing with violence; a dashing or splashing of
water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A narrow sound or channel of water lying
within a sand bank, or between a sand bank and the shore, or a bar
over which the sea washes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Liquid filth; wash; hog mash.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A blustering noise; a swaggering
behavior.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A swaggering fellow; a swasher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swash"buc`kler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bully or
braggadocio; a swaggering, boastful fellow; a swaggerer.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swash"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes a
blustering show of valor or force of arms.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swash"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Swaggering; hectoring.</def> "A <i>swashing</i> and martial
outside."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resounding; crushing.</def>
"<i>Swashing</i> blow."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swash"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as 4th
<u>Swash</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swash"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Soft, like fruit
that is too ripe; quashy; swash.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swat</hw> (sw&obreve;t), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Sweat</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swatch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
swath.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece, pattern, or sample, generally of
cloth.</def>  <i>Halliwell.  Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swate</hw> (sw&amacr;t), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Sweat</u>.</def>  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swath</hw> (sw&add;th; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>swa&eth;u</i> a track, trace; akin to D. <i>zwaad</i>, <i>zwad</i>,
<i>zwade</i>, a swath of grass, G. <i>schwad</i>, <i>schwaden</i>;
perhaps, originally, a shred.  Cf. <u>Swathe</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A line of grass or grain cut and
thrown together by the scythe in mowing or cradling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The whole sweep of a scythe, or the whole
breadth from which grass or grain is cut by a scythe or a machine, in
mowing or cradling; as, to cut a wide <i>swath</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A band or fillet; a swathe.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Swath bank</b></col>, <cd>a row of new-mown grass.</cd>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swathe</hw> (sw&amacr;&thlig;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> <u>Swathed</u> (sw&amacr;&thlig;d);
<pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Swathing</u>.] [OE.
<i>swathen</i>, AS. <i>swe&eth;ain</i>. See <u>Swath</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Swaddle</u>.] <def>To bind with a
swathe, band, bandage, or rollers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their children are never <i>swathed</i> or bound about
with any thing when they are first born.</blockquote> <i>Abp.
Abbot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swathe</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bandage; a band; a
swath.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wrapped me in above an hundred yards of
<i>swathe</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Milk and a <i>swathe</i>, at first, his whole
demand.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The solemn glory of the afternoon, with its long
<i>swathes</i> of light between the far off rows of
limes.</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swath"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Swath</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>A device attached to a
mowing machine for raising the uncut fallen grain and marking the
limit of the swath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swat"te</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Sweat</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sway</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swayed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swaying</u>.] [OE. <i>sweyen</i>, Icel. <i>sveigja</i>, akin to E.
<i>swing</i>; cf. D. <i>zwaaijen</i> to wield, swing. See
<u>Swing</u>, and cf. <u>Swag</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move or wield with the hand; to swing; to
wield; as, to <i>sway</i> the scepter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As sparkles from the anvil rise,<BR>
When heavy hammers on the wedge are <i>swayed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To influence or direct by power and
authority; by persuasion, or by moral force; to rule; to govern; to
guide.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The will of man is by his reason
<i>swayed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She could not <i>sway</i> her house.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This was the race<BR>
To <i>sway</i> the world, and land and sea subdue.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to incline or swing to one side,
or backward and forward; to bias; to turn; to bend; warp; as, reeds
<i>swayed</i> by wind; judgment <i>swayed</i> by passion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As bowls run true by being made<BR>
On purpose false, and to be <i>swayed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let not temporal and little advantages <i>sway</i> you
against a more durable interest.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To hoist; as, to <i>sway</i>
up the yards.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To bias; rule; govern; direct; influence; swing;
move; wave; wield.</p>

<p><! p. 1457 !></p>

<p><hw>Sway</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be drawn to one side by weight or influence; to lean; to
incline.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The balance <i>sways</i> on our part.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move or swing from side to side; or
backward and forward.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To have weight or influence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The example of sundry churches . . . doth <i>sway</i>
much.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To bear sway; to rule; to govern.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hadst thou <i>swayed</i> as kings should
do.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sway</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of swaying; a swaying motion; the swing or sweep of a
weapon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With huge two-handed <i>sway</i> brandished
aloft.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Influence, weight, or authority that
inclines to one side; as, the <i>sway</i> of desires.</def>  <i>A.
Tucker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Preponderance; turn or cast of
balance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Expert<BR>
When to advance, or stand, or turn the <i>sway</i><BR>
Of battle.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Rule; dominion; control.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When vice prevails, and impious men bear
<i>sway</i>,<BR>
The post of honor is a private station.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A switch or rod used by thatchers to bind
their work.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Rule; dominion; power; empire; control; influence;
direction; preponderance; ascendency.</p>

<p><hw>Sway"-backed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
back hollow or sagged, whether naturally or as the result of injury or
weakness; -- said of horses and other animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sway"-bra`cing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Engin.)</i>
<def>The horizontal bracing of a bridge, which prevents its
swaying.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swayed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bent down, and
hollow in the back; sway-backed; -- said of a horse.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sway"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Able to
sway.</def> [R.]  <i>Rush.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sway"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An injury caused by
violent strains or by overloading; -- said of the backs of
horses.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sweal</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swealed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swealing</u>.] [OE. <i>swelen</i> to burn, AS. <i>swelan</i>; akin
to G. <i>schwelen</i> to burn slowly, <i>schw&uuml;l</i> sultry, Icel.
<i>sv&aelig;la</i> a thick smoke.] <def>To melt and run down, as the
tallow of a candle; to waste away without feeding the flame.</def>
[Written also <i>swale</i>.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sweal</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To singe; to scorch;
to swale; as, to <i>sweal</i> a pig by singeing off the
hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swear</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Swore</u> (?), formerly <u>Sware</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Sworn</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Swearing</u>.]
[OE. <i>swerien</i>, AS. <i>swerian</i>; akin to D. <i>zweren</i>, OS.
<i>swerian</i>, OHG. <i>swerien</i>, G. <i>schw&ouml;ren</i>, Icel.
<i>sverja</i>, Sw. <i>sv&auml;rja</i>, Dan. <i>sv&aelig;rge</i>, Icel.
& Sw. <i>svara</i> to answer, Dan. <i>svare</i>, Dan. & Sw.
<i>svar</i> an answer, Goth. <i>swaran</i> to swear, and perhaps to E.
<i>swarm</i>. &radic;177.  Cf. <u>Answer</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To affirm or utter a solemn declaration, with an appeal to God
for the truth of what is affirmed; to make a promise, threat, or
resolve on oath; also, to affirm solemnly by some sacred object, or
one regarded as sacred, as the Bible, the Koran, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye shall <i>swear</i> by my name falsely.</blockquote>
<i>Lev. xix. 12.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>swear</i> by all the Roman gods.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To give evidence on oath; as,
to <i>swear</i> to the truth of a statement; he <i>swore</i> against
the prisoner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make an appeal to God in an irreverant
manner; to use the name of God or sacred things profanely; to call
upon God in imprecation; to curse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[I] <i>swore</i> little; diced not above seven times a
week.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To swear by</b></col>, <cd>to place great confidence in a
person or thing; to trust implicitly as an authority.</cd>  "I simply
meant to ask if you are one of those who <i>swear by</i> Lord
Verulam." <i>Miss Edgeworth.</i> -- <col><b>To swear off</b></col>,
<cd>to make a solemn vow, or a serious resolution, to abstain from
something; as, <i>to swear off</i> smoking.</cd> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Swear</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
utter or affirm with a solemn appeal to God for the truth of the
declaration; to make (a promise, threat, or resolve) under
oath.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Swear</i> unto me here by God, that thou wilt not
deal falsely with me.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxi. 23.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>swore</i> consent to your
succession.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To put to an oath; to cause to
take an oath; to administer an oath to; -- ofetn followed by <i>in</i>
or <i>into</i>; as, to <i>swear</i> witnesses; to <i>swear</i> a jury;
to <i>swear</i> in an officer; he was <i>sworn</i> into
office.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To declare or charge upon oath; as, he
<i>swore</i> treason against his friend.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To appeal to by an oath.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now, by Apollo, king,<BR>
Thou <i>swear'st</i> thy gods in vain.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To swear the peace against one</b></col>, <cd>to make oath
that one is under the actual fear of death or bodily harm from the
person, in which case the person must find sureties that he will keep
the peace.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swear"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who swears; one who calls God to witness for the truth of his
declaration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A profane person; one who uses profane
language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then the liars and <i>swearers</i> are
fools.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swear"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Swear</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><blockquote>Idle <i>swearing</i> is a cursedness.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sweat</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sweat</u> or <u>Sweated</u> (Obs. <u>Swat</u> (&?;));
<pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Sweating</u>.] [OE.
<i>sweten</i>, AS. <i>sw&aelig;tan</i>, fr. <i>sw&amacr;t</i>, n.,
sweat; akin to OFries. & OS. <i>sw&emacr;t</i>, D. <i>zweet</i>, OHG.
<i>sweiz</i>, G. <i>schweiss</i>, Icel. <i>sviti</i>, <i>sveiti</i>,
Sw. <i>svett</i>, Dan. <i>sved</i>, L. <i>sudor</i> sweat,
<i>sudare</i> to sweat, Gr. &?;, &?;, sweat, &?; to sweat, Skr.
<i>sv&emacr;da</i> sweat, <i>svid</i> to sweat. &radic;178.  Cf.
<u>Exude</u>, <u>Sudary</u>, <u>Sudorific</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To excrete sensible moisture from the pores of the skin; to
perspire.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To perspire in toil; to work hard; to
drudge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He 'd have the poets <i>sweat</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To emit moisture, as green plants in a
heap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweat</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to excrete moisture from the skin; to cause to perspire; as, his
physicians attempted to <i>sweat</i> him by most powerful
sudorifics.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To emit or suffer to flow from the pores;
to exude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It made her not a drop for <i>sweat</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With exercise she <i>sweat</i> ill humors
out.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To unite by heating, after the application
of soldier.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To get something advantageous, as money,
property, or labor from (any one), by exaction or oppression; as, to
<i>sweat</i> a spendthrift; to <i>sweat</i> laborers.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>To sweat coin</b></col>, <cd>to remove a portion of a piece
of coin, as by shaking it with others in a bag, so that the friction
wears off a small quantity of the metal.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The only use of it [money] which is interdicted is to
put it in circulation again after having diminished its weight by
"<i>sweating</i>", or otherwise, because the quantity of metal
contains is no longer consistent with its impression.</blockquote>
<i>R. Cobden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sweat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OE. <i>swot</i>, AS.
<i>sw&amacr;t</i>. See <u>Sweat</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The fluid which is excreted
from the skin of an animal; the fluid secreted by the sudoriferous
glands; a transparent, colorless, acid liquid with a peculiar odor,
containing some fatty acids and mineral matter; perspiration. See
<u>Perspiration</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the <i>sweat</i> of thy face shalt thou eat
bread.</blockquote> <i>Gen. iii. 19.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of sweating; or the state of one
who sweats; hence, labor; toil; drudgery.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Moisture issuing from any substance; as,
the <i>sweat</i> of hay or grain in a mow or stack.</def>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The sweating sickness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Man.)</i> <def>A short run by a race horse
in exercise.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sweat box</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a small closet in
which refractory men are confined.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweat
glands</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>sudoriferous glands. See under
<u>Sudoriferous</u>.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Sweat"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who sweats.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, causes to
sweat</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A sudorific.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A woolen jacket or jersey worn by
athletes.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An employer who oppresses his
workmen by paying low wages.</def> [Slang]
</p>

<p><hw>Sweat"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sweaty
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweat"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state
of being sweaty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweat"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Sweat</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Sweating bath</b></col>, <cd>a bath producing sensible
sweat; a stove or sudatory.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweating house</b></col>,
<cd>a house for sweating persons in sickness.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweating
iron</b></col>, <cd>a kind of knife, or a piece of iron, used to
scrape off sweat, especially from horses; a horse scraper.</cd> --
<col><b>Sweating room</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A room for
sweating persons.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Dairying)</i> <cd>A
room for sweating cheese and carrying off the superfluous juices.</cd>
-- <col><b>Sweating sickness</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a febrile
epidemic disease which prevailed in some countries of Europe, but
particularly in England, in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries,
characterized by profuse sweating. Death often occured in a few
hours.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sweat"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sweatier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sweatiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Moist with sweat; as, a <i>sweaty</i> skin; a <i>sweaty</i>
garment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of sweat; of the nature of
sweat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No noisome whiffs or <i>sweaty</i>
streams.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Causing sweat; hence, laborious; toilsome;
difficult.</def> "The <i>sweaty</i> forge."  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swede</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>Schwede</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A native or inhabitant of Sweden.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Swedish turnip. See under
<u>Turnip</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swe`den*bor"gi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
holds the doctrines of the New Jerusalem church, as taught by Emanuel
<i>Swedenborg</i>, a Swedish philosopher and religious writer, who was
born <u>a. d.</u> 1688 and died 1772. Swedenborg claimed to have
intercourse with the spiritual world, through the opening of his
spiritual senses in 1745. He taught that the Lord Jesus Christ, as
comprehending in himself all the fullness of the Godhead, is the one
only God, and that there is a spiritual sense to the Scriptures, which
he (Swedenborg) was able to reveal, because he saw the correspondence
between natural and spiritual things.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swe`den*bor"gi*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Swedenborg or his views.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swe`den*bor"gi*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
doctrines of the Swedenborgians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swed"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>schwedisch</i>, Sw. <i>svensk</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Sweden
or its inhabitants.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Swedish turnip</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Turnip</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swed"ish</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The language of
Swedes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swee"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>An
atrophy of the muscles of the shoulder in horses; also, atrophy of any
muscle in horses.</def> [Written also <i>swinney</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sweep</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swept</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sweeping</u>.] [OE. <i>swepen</i>; akin to AS. <i>sw&amacr;pan</i>.
See <u>Swoop</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
pass a broom across (a surface) so as to remove loose dirt, dust,
etc.; to brush, or rub over, with a broom for the purpose of cleaning;
as, to <i>sweep</i> a floor, the street, or a chimney. Used also
figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>sweep</i> it with the besom of
destruction.</blockquote> <i>Isa. xiv. 23.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To drive or carry along or off with a broom
or a brush, or as if with a broom; to remove by, or as if by,
brushing; as, to <i>sweep</i> dirt from a floor; the wind
<i>sweeps</i> the snow from the hills; a freshet <i>sweeps</i> away a
dam, timber, or rubbish; a pestilence <i>sweeps</i> off
multitudes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hail shall <i>sweep</i> away the refuge of
lies.</blockquote> <i>Isa. xxviii. 17.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have already <i>swept</i> the stakes.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To brush against or over; to rub lightly
along.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their long descending train,<BR>
With rubies edged and sapphires, <i>swept</i> the plain.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To carry with a long, swinging, or dragging
motion; hence, to carry in a stately or proud fashion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And like a peacock <i>sweep</i> along his
tail.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To strike with a long stroke.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wake into voice each silent string,<BR>
And <i>sweep</i> the sounding lyre.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To draw or drag something
over; as, to <i>sweep</i> the bottom of a river with a net.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To pass over, or traverse, with the eye or
with an instrument of observation; as, to <i>sweep</i> the heavens
with a telescope.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To sweep, or sweep up</b></col>, <col><b>a mold</b></col>
<i>(Founding)</i>, <cd>to form the sand into a mold by a templet,
instead of compressing it around the pattern.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sweep</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To clean rooms, yards, etc., or to clear away dust, dirt, litter,
etc., with a broom, brush, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To brush swiftly over the surface of
anything; to pass with switness and force, as if brushing the surface
of anything; to move in a stately manner; as, the wind <i>sweeps</i>
across the plain; a woman <i>sweeps</i> through a drawing-
room.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pass over anything comprehensively; to
range through with rapidity; as, his eye <i>sweeps</i> through
space.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweep</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of sweeping.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The compass or range of a stroke; as, a
long <i>sweep</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The compass of any turning body or of any
motion; as, the <i>sweep</i> of a door; the <i>sweep</i> of the
eye.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The compass of anything flowing or
brushing; as, the flood carried away everything within its
<i>sweep</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Violent and general destruction; as, the
<i>sweep</i> of an epidemic disease.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Direction and extent of any motion not
rectlinear; as, the <i>sweep</i> of a compass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Direction or departure of a curve, a road,
an arch, or the like, away from a rectlinear line.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The road which makes a small <i>sweep</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>One who sweeps; a sweeper; specifically, a
chimney sweeper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>A movable templet for
making molds, in loam molding.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
mold of a ship when she begins to curve in at the rungheads; any part
of a ship shaped in a segment of a circle.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A large oar used in small vessels, partly to propel them and
partly to steer them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Refining)</i> <def>The almond
furnace.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>A long pole, or piece of timber, moved on
a horizontal fulcrum fixed to a tall post and used to raise and lower
a bucket in a well for drawing water.</def> [Variously written
<i>swape</i>, <i>sweep</i>, <i>swepe</i>, and <i>swipe</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>In the game of
casino, a pairing or combining of all the cards on the board, and so
removing them all; in whist, the winning of all the tricks (thirteen)
in a hand; a slam.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The sweeping of workshops where
precious metals are worked, containing filings, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sweep net</b></col>, <cd>a net for drawing over a large
compass.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweep of the tiller</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>a circular frame on which the tiller traverses.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sweep"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The crop of hay
got in a meadow.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sweep"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, sweeps, or cleans by sweeping; a sweep; as, a carpet
<i>sweeper</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is oxygen which is the great <i>sweeper</i> of the
economy.</blockquote> <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sweep"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cleaning off
surfaces, or cleaning away dust, dirt, or litter, as a broom does;
moving with swiftness and force; carrying everything before it;
including in its scope many persons or things; as, a <i>sweeping</i>
flood; a <i>sweeping</i> majority; a <i>sweeping</i> accusation.</def>
-- <wf>Sweep"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -
<wf>Sweep"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
</p>

<p><hw>Sweep"ings</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Things
collected by sweeping; rubbish; as, the <i>sweepings</i> of a
street.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweep"-saw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bow-
saw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweep"stake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A winning of all the stakes or prizes.</def>  <i>Heylin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A complete removal or carrying away; a
clean sweep.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hacket.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sweep"stakes`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A winning of all the stakes or prizes; a sweepstake.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <pos><i>sing. or pl.</i></pos> <def>The whole
money or other things staked at a horse race, a given sum being put up
for each horse, all of which goes to the winner, or is divided among
several, as may be previously agreed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A race for all the sums staked or prizes
offered.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweep"wash`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
extracts the residuum of precious metals from the sweepings,
potsherds, etc., of refineries of gold and silver, or places where
these metals are used.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweep"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Moving with a
sweeping motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The branches bend before their <i>sweepy</i>
away.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1458 !></p>

<p><hw>Sweet</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Sweeter</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sweetest</u>.] [OE.
<i>swete</i>, <i>swote</i>, <i>sote</i>, AS. <i>sw&emacr;te</i>; akin
to OFries. <i>sw&emacr;te</i>, OS. <i>sw&omacr;ti</i>, D. <i>zoet</i>,
G. <i>s&uuml;ss</i>, OHG. <i>suozi</i>, Icel. <i>s&aelig;tr</i>,
<i>s&oelig;tr</i>, Sw. <i>s&ouml;t</i>, Dan. <i>s&ouml;d</i>, Goth.
<i>suts</i>, L. <i>suavis</i>, for <i>suadvis</i>, Gr. &?;, Skr.
<i>sv&amacr;du</i> sweet, <i>svad</i>, <i>sv&amacr;d</i>, to sweeten.
&radic;175.  Cf. <u>Assuage</u>, <u>Suave</u>, <u>Suasion</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having an agreeable taste or flavor such as
that of sugar; saccharine; -- opposed to <i>sour</i> and
<i>bitter</i>; as, a <i>sweet</i> beverage; <i>sweet</i> fruits;
<i>sweet</i> oranges.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pleasing to the smell; fragrant; redolent;
balmy; as, a <i>sweet</i> rose; <i>sweet</i> odor; <i>sweet</i>
incense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The breath of these flowers is <i>sweet</i> to
me.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Pleasing to the ear; soft; melodious;
harmonious; as, the <i>sweet</i> notes of a flute or an organ;
<i>sweet</i> music; a <i>sweet</i> voice; a <i>sweet</i>
singer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To make his English <i>sweet</i> upon his
tongue.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A voice <i>sweet</i>, tremulous, but
powerful.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Pleasing to the eye; beautiful; mild and
attractive; fair; as, a <i>sweet</i> face; a <i>sweet</i> color or
complexion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sweet</i> interchange<BR>
Of hill and valley, rivers, woods, and plains.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Fresh; not salt or brackish; as,
<i>sweet</i> water.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Not changed from a sound or wholesome
state. Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> Not sour; as, <i>sweet</i>
milk or bread. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> Not state; not putrescent or
putrid; not rancid; as, <i>sweet</i> butter; <i>sweet</i> meat or
fish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Plaesing to the mind; mild; gentle; calm;
amiable; winning; presuasive; as, <i>sweet</i> manners.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Canst thou bind the <i>sweet</i> influence of
Pleiades?</blockquote> <i>Job xxxviii. 31.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Mildness and <i>sweet</i> reasonableness is the one
established rule of Christian working.</blockquote> <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sweet</i> is often used in the formation of self-
explaining compounds; as, <i>sweet</i>-blossomed, <i>sweet</i>-
featured, <i>sweet</i>-smelling, <i>sweet</i>-tempered, <i>sweet</i>-
toned, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Sweet alyssum</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Alyssum</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet apple</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any apple of sweet flavor.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>See <u>Sweet-top</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet
bay</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The laurel
(<i>laurus nobilis</i>).</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Swamp
sassafras.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet calabash</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a plant of the genus <i>Passiflora</i> (<i>P. maliformis</i>)
growing in the West Indies, and producing a roundish, edible fruit,
the size of an apple.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet cicely</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Either of the North American
plants of the umbelliferous genus <i>Osmorrhiza</i> having aromatic
roots and seeds, and white flowers.</cd> <i>Gray.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A plant of the genus <i>Myrrhis</i> (<i>M.
odorata</i>) growing in England.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet
calamus</b></col>, or <col><b>Sweet cane</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>Same as <i>Sweet flag</i>, below.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet
Cistus</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an evergreen shrub (<i>Cistus
Ladanum</i>) from which the gum ladanum is obtained.</cd> --
<col><b>Sweet clover</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Melilot</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet coltsfoot</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of butterbur (<i>Petasites sagittata</i>)
found in Western North America.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet corn</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a variety of the maize of a sweet taste. See the
Note under <u>Corn</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet fern</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a small North American shrub (<i>Comptonia, or
Myrica, asplenifolia</i>) having sweet-scented or aromatic leaves
resembling fern leaves.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet flag</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an endogenous plant (<i>Acorus Calamus</i>) having
long flaglike leaves and a rootstock of a pungent aromatic taste. It
is found in wet places in Europe and America. See <u>Calamus</u>,
2.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet gale</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a shrub
(<i>Myrica Gale</i>) having bitter fragrant leaves; -- also called
<i>sweet willow</i>, and <i>Dutch myrtle</i>. See 5th
<u>Gale</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>holy, or Seneca, grass.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet gum</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American tree (<i>Liquidambar styraciflua</i>).
See <u>Liquidambar</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet herbs</b></col>,
<cd>fragrant herbs cultivated for culinary purposes.</cd> --
<col><b>Sweet John</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a variety of the sweet
William.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet leaf</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>horse
sugar.  See under <u>Horse</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet
marjoram</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Marjoram</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sweet marten</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the pine
marten.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet maudlin</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
composite plant (<i>Achillea Ageratum</i>) allied to milfoil.</cd> --
<col><b>Sweet oil</b></col>, <cd>olive oil.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet
pea</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Pea</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sweet potato</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Potato</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet rush</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>sweet flag.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet spirits of niter</b></col>
<i>(Med. Chem.)</i> <cd>See <i>Spirit of nitrous ether</i>, under
<u>Spirit</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet sultan</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>an annual composite plant (<i>Centaurea moschata</i>), also, the
yellow-flowered (<i>C. odorata</i>); -- called also <i>sultan
flower</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet tooth</b></col>, <cd>an especial
fondness for sweet things or for sweetmeats.</cd> [Colloq.] --
<col><b>Sweet William</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>A species of pink (<i>Dianthus barbatus</i>) of many
varieties.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>The willow
warbler.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>The European
goldfinch; -- called also <i>sweet Billy</i>.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] --
<col><b>Sweet willow</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>sweet gale.</cd> --
<col><b>Sweet wine</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Dry wine</i>, under
<u>Dry</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To be sweet on</b></col>, <cd>to have a
particular fondness for, or special interest in, as a young man for a
young woman.</cd> [Colloq.] <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sugary; saccharine; dulcet; luscious.</p>

<p><hw>Sweet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is sweet to the taste; -- used chiefly in the
plural.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Confectionery,
sweetmeats, preserves, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Home-made
wines, cordials, metheglin, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is sweet or pleasant in odor; a
perfume.</def> "A wilderness of <i>sweets</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is pleasing or grateful to the
mind; as, the <i>sweets</i> of domestic life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A little bitter mingled in our cup leaves no relish of
the <i>sweet</i>.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One who is dear to another; a darling; -- a
term of endearment.</def> "Wherefore frowns my <i>sweet</i>?"  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sweet</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Sweetly.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sweet</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sweeten.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"bread`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Either the thymus gland or the pancreas, the former being called
<i>neck, or throat, sweetbread</i>, the latter <i>belly
sweetbread</i>. The sweetbreads of ruminants, esp. of the calf, are
highly esteemed as food. See <u>Pancreas</u>, and
<u>Thymus</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The pancreas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"-breast`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
sweet, musical voice, as the nightingale.  Cf. <u>Breast</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 6.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sweet"bri`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A kind of rose (<i>Rosa rubiginosa</i>) with minutely glandular
and fragrant foliage. The small-flowered sweetbrier is <i>Rosa
micrantha</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sweetened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sweetening</u>.] [See <u>Sweet</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make sweet to the taste; as, to
<i>sweeten</i> tea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make pleasing or grateful to the mind or
feelings; as, to <i>sweeten</i> life; to <i>sweeten</i>
friendship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make mild or kind; to soften; as, to
<i>sweeten</i> the temper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make less painful or laborious; to
relieve; as, to <i>sweeten</i> the cares of life.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>sweeten</i> every secret tear.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To soften to the eye; to make
delicate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Correggio has made his memory immortal by the strength
he has given to his figures, and by <i>sweetening</i> his lights and
shadows, and melting them into each other.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To make pure and salubrious by destroying
noxious matter; as, to <i>sweeten</i> rooms or apartments that have
been infected; to <i>sweeten</i> the air.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To make warm and fertile; -- opposed to
<i>sour</i>; as, to dry and <i>sweeten</i> soils.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To restore to purity; to free from taint;
as, to <i>sweeten</i> water, butter, or meat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
sweet.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"en*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, sweetens; one who palliates; that which moderates
acrimony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"en*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of making sweet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which sweetens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"heart`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lover of
mistress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"heart`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Making
love.</def> "To play at <i>sweethearting</i>."  <i>W. Black.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
sweet apple.</def>  <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A darling; -- a word of endearment.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
sweet.</def> -- <wf>Sweet"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sw&emacr;tlice</i>.] <def>In a sweet manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"meat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Fruit preserved with sugar, as peaches, pears, melons, nuts,
orange peel, etc.; -- usually in the plural; a confect; a
confection.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The paint used in making patent
leather.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A boat shell
(<i>Crepidula fornicata</i>) of the American coast.</def> [Local,
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sweet"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sw&emacr;tness</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being sweet (in
any sense of the adjective); gratefulness to the taste or to the
smell; agreeableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"root`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Licorice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"-scent`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
sweet scent or smell; fragrant.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sweet-scented shrub</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a shrub of
the genus <i>Calycanthus</i>, the flowers of which, when crushed, have
a fragrance resembling that of strawberries.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"-sop`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
kind of custard apple (<i>Anona squamosa</i>). See under
<u>Custard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"wa`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A variety of white grape, having a sweet watery juice; -- also
called <i>white sweetwater</i>, and <i>white muscadine</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
name for two tropical American weeds (<i>Capraria biflora</i>, and
<i>Scoparia dulcis</i>) of the Figwort family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The true laurel (<i>Laurus
nobilis</i>.)</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The timber of the tree
<i>Oreodaphne Leucoxylon</i>, growing in Jamaica. The name is also
applied to the timber of several other related trees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any plant of a
sweet taste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweigh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sway;
movement.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swein"mote`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Swainmote</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Swell</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Swelled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Swelled</u> or
<u>Swollen</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swelling</u>.] [AS. <i>swellan</i>; akin to D. <i>zwellen</i>, OS.
& OHG. <i>swellan</i>, G. <i>schwellen</i>, Icel. <i>svella</i>, Sw.
<i>sv&auml;lla</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To grow larger; to dilate
or extend the exterior surface or dimensions, by matter added within,
or by expansion of the inclosed substance; as, the legs <i>swell</i>
in dropsy; a bruised part <i>swells</i>; a bladder <i>swells</i> by
inflation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To increase in size or extent by any
addition; to increase in volume or force; as, a river <i>swells</i>,
and overflows its banks; sounds <i>swell</i> or diminish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To rise or be driven into waves or billows;
to heave; as, in tempest, the ocean <i>swells</i> into
waves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be puffed up or bloated; as, to
<i>swell</i> with pride.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You <i>swell</i> at the tartan, as the bull is said to
do at scarlet.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To be inflated; to belly; as, the sails
<i>swell</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To be turgid, bombastic, or extravagant;
as, <i>swelling</i> words; a <i>swelling</i> style.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To protuberate; to bulge out; as, a cask
<i>swells</i> in the middle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To be elated; to rise arrogantly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your equal mind yet <i>swells</i> not into
state.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To grow upon the view; to become larger; to
expand.</def> "Monarchs to behold the <i>swelling</i> scene!"
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To become larger in amount; as, many
little debts added, <i>swell</i> to a great amount.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To act in a pompous, ostentatious, or
arrogant manner; to strut; to look big.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here he comes, <i>swelling</i> like a turkey
cock.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swell</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
increase the size, bulk, or dimensions of; to cause to rise, dilate,
or increase; as, rains and dissolving snow <i>swell</i> the rivers in
spring; immigration <i>swells</i> the population.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[The Church] <i>swells</i> her high, heart-cheering
tone.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To aggravate; to heighten.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is low ebb with his accuser when such peccadilloes
are put to <i>swell</i> the charge.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To raise to arrogance; to puff up; to
inflate; as, to be <i>swelled</i> with pride or haughtiness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To augment gradually in force
or loudness, as the sound of a note.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swell</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of swelling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Gradual increase.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Increase or augmentation in bulk;
protuberance.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Increase in height;
elevation; rise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Little River affords navigation during a <i>swell</i>
to within three miles of the Miami.</blockquote> <i>Jefferson.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Increase of force, intensity, or volume of
sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Music arose with its voluptuous
<i>swell</i>.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Increase of power in style, or of
rhetorical force.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>swell</i> and subsidence of his
periods.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A gradual ascent, or rounded elevation, of
land; as, an extensive plain abounding with little
<i>swells</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A wave, or billow; especially, a succession
of large waves; the roll of the sea after a storm; as, a heavy
<i>swell</i> sets into the harbor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>swell</i><BR>
Of the long waves that roll in yonder bay.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The gigantic <i>swells</i> and billows of the
snow.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A gradual increase and
decrease of the volume of sound; the crescendo and diminuendo
combined; -- generally indicated by the sign.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A showy, dashing person; a dandy.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>Ground swell</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Ground</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Organ swell</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a certain number of
pipes inclosed in a box, the uncovering of which by means of a pedal
produces increased sound.</cd> -- <col><b>Swell shark</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small shark (<i>Scyllium ventricosum</i>)
of the west coast of North America, which takes in air when caught,
and swells up like a swellfish.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swell</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
characteristics of a person of rank and importance; showy; dandified;
distinguished; as, a <i>swell</i> person; a <i>swell</i>
neighborhood.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>Swell mob</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Mob</u>.</cd>
[Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Swell"dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>People of rank
and fashion; the class of swells, collectively.</def> [Jocose]</p>

<p><hw>Swell"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any plectognath fish that dilates itself, as the bur fish,
puffer, or diodon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swell"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of that which swells; as, the <i>swelling</i> of rivers
in spring; the <i>swelling</i> of the breast with pride.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rise to the <i>swelling</i> of the voiceless
sea.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A protuberance; a prominence</def>;
especially <i>(Med.)</i>, <def>an unnatural prominence or
protuberance; as, a scrofulous <i>swelling</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The superficies of such plates are not even, but have
many cavities and <i>swellings</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir I.
Newton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swell"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dandified;
stylish.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Swell"toad`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A swellfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swelt</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Swell</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swelt</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>swelten</i> to die,
to swoon or faint, AS. <i>sweltan</i> to die; akin to OD.
<i>swelten</i> to hunger, to fail, OS. <i>sweltan</i> to die, Icel.
<i>svelta</i> to die, to hunger, Sw. <i>sv&auml;lta</i> to hunger,
Dan. <i>sulte</i>, Goth. <i>sviltan</i> to die.  Cf. <u>Swelter</u>,
<u>Sweltry</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To die; to perish.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To faint; to swoon.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Night she <i>swelt</i> for passing joy.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swelt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To overpower, as with
heat; to cause to faint; to swelter.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swel"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sweltered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sweltering</u>.] [From <u>Swelt</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be overcome and faint with heat; to be
ready to perish with heat.</def> "<i>Sweltered</i> cattle."
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To welter; to soak.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swel"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To oppress with heat.</def>  <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exude, like sweat.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swel"try</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Swelter</u>,
<u>Swelt</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Sultry</u>.]
<def>Suffocating with heat; oppressively hot; sultry.</def> [R.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swel"ve</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
swallow.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swept</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Sweep</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swerd</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. & v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sward</u>, <pos><i>n. & v.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Swerd</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sword.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swerve</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swerved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swerving</u>.] [OE. <i>swerven</i>, AS. <i>sweorfan</i> to wipe
off, to file, to polish; akin to OFries. <i>swerva</i> to creep, D.
<i>zwerven</i> to swerve, to rope, OS. <i>swerban</i> to wipe off,
MHG. <i>swerben</i> to be whirled, OHG. <i>swerban</i> to wipe off,
Icel. <i>sverfa</i> to file, Goth. <i>swa&iacute;rban</i> (in comp.)
to wipe, and perhaps to E. <i>swarm</i>.  Cf. <u>Swarm</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stray; to wander; to rope.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A maid thitherward did run,<BR>
To catch her sparrow which from her did <i>swerve</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To go out of a straight line; to
deflect.</def> "The point [of the sword] <i>swerved</i>."  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To wander from any line prescribed, or from
a rule or duty; to depart from what is established by law, duty,
custom, or the like; to deviate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>swerve</i> not from thy commandments.</blockquote>
<i>Bk. of Com. Prayer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>swerve</i> from the strict letter of the
law.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Many who, through the contagion of evil example,
<i>swerve</i> exceedingly from the rules of their holy
religion.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To bend; to incline.</def> "The battle
<i>swerved</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To climb or move upward by winding or
turning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The tree was high;<BR>
Yet nimbly up from bough to bough I <i>swerved</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swerve</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To turn aside.</def>
<i>Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swe"ven</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>swefen</i>
sleep, dream; akin to <i>swebban</i>, <i>swefian</i>, to put to sleep,
to kill. &radic;176. See <u>Somnolent</u>.] <def>A vision seen in
sleep; a dream.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wycliff (Acts ii. 17).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I defy both <i>sweven</i> and dream.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swich</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Such</u>.]
<def>Such.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Swich</i> things as that I know I will
declare.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Swie*te"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. Named after
Gerard Van <i>Sweiten</i>, physician to Maria Theresa of Austria.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of meliaceous trees consisting of one
species (<i>Sweitenia Mahogoni</i>), the mahogany tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swift</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Swifter</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Swiftest</u>.] [AS.
<i>swift</i>; akin to <i>sw&amacr;pan</i> to sweep, <i>swipu</i> a
whip; cf. <i>sw&imacr;fan</i> to move quickly, to revolve. See
<u>Swoop</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Swivel</u>,
<u>Squib</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Moving a great distance in a
short time; moving with celerity or velocity; fleet; rapid; quick;
speedy; prompt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My beloved brethren, let every man be <i>swift</i> to
hear, slow to speak, slow to wrath.</blockquote> <i>James i.
19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Swift</i> of dispatch and easy of
access.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And bring upon themselves <i>swift</i>
destruction.</blockquote> <i>2 Pet. ii. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of short continuance; passing away
quickly.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Swift</i> is often used in the formation of compounds
which are generally self-explaining; as, <i>swift</i>-darting,
<i>swift</i>-footed, <i>swift</i>-winged, etc.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Quick; fleet; speedy; rapid; expeditious.</p>

<p><hw>Swift</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Swiftly.</def> [Obs. or
Poetic]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ply <i>swift</i> and strong the oar.</blockquote>
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swift</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
current of a stream.</def> [R.]  <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of small, long-winged, insectivorous birds of the family
<i>Micropodid&aelig;</i>. In form and habits the swifts resemble
swallows, but they are destitute of complex vocal muscles and are not
singing birds, but belong to a widely different group allied to the
humming birds.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common European swift (<i>Cypselus, or Micropus,
apus</i>) nests in church steeples and under the tiles of roofs, and
is noted for its rapid flight and shrill screams. It is called also
<i>black martin</i>, <i>black swift</i>, <i>hawk swallow</i>, <i>devil
bird</i>, <i>swingdevil</i>, <i>screech martin</i>, and <i>shreik
owl</i>. The common American, or chimney, swift (<i>Ch&aelig;tura
pelagica</i>) has sharp rigid tips to the tail feathers. It attaches
its nest to the inner walls of chimneys, and is called also <i>chimney
swallow</i>. The Australian swift (<i>Ch&aelig;tura caudacuta</i>)
also has sharp naked tips to the tail quills. The European Alpine
swift (<i>Cypselus melba</i>) is whitish beneath, with a white band
across the breast. The common Indian swift is <i>Cypselus affinis</i>.
See also <i>Palm swift</i>, under <u>Palm</u>, and <i>Tree swift</i>,
under <u>Tree</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
species of lizards, as the pine lizard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The ghost moth. See
under <u>Ghost</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> [Cf. <u>Swivel</u>.] <def>A reel, or turning
instrument, for winding yarn, thread, etc.; -- used chiefly in the
plural.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The main card cylinder of a flax-carding
machine.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1459 !></p>

<p><hw>Swift"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Swivel</u>.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A rope used to retain the bars
of the capstan in their sockets while men are turning it.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A rope used to encircle a boat
longitudinally, to strengthen and defend her sides.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The forward shroud of a lower mast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swift"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To
tighten, as slack standing rigging, by bringing the opposite shrouds
nearer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swift"foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nimble;
fleet.</def>  <i>Mir. for Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swift"foot`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The courser.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swift"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of small East Indian and Asiatic
swifts of the genus <i>Collocalia</i>. Some of the species are noted
for furnishing the edible bird's nest. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Edible</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swift"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a swift manner;
with quick motion or velocity; fleetly.</def>  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swift"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being swift; speed; quickness; celerity; velocity; rapidity; as,
the <i>swiftness</i> of a bird; the <i>swiftness</i> of a stream;
<i>swiftness</i> of descent in a falling body; <i>swiftness</i> of
thought, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swig</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>zwelgen</i>
to swallow, E. <i>swallow</i>, v.t.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To drink
in long draughts; to gulp; as, to <i>swig</i> cider.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To suck.</def> [Obs. or Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The lambkins <i>swig</i> the teat.</blockquote>
<i>Creech.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swig</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A long
draught.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Marryat.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A tackle with ropes which
are not parallel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A beverage consisting of warm beer flavored
with spices, lemon, etc.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swig</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. E. <i>swig</i> to
leak out, AS. <i>sw&imacr;jian</i> to be silent, <i>sw&imacr;can</i>
to evade, escape.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To castrate, as a ram, by
binding the testicles tightly with a string, so that they mortify and
slough off.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To pull upon (a tackle) by
throwing the weight of the body upon the fall between the block and a
cleat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swill</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swilled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swilling</u>.] [OE. <i>swilen</i> to wash, AS. <i>swilian</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To wash; to drench.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As fearfully as doth a galled rock<BR>
O'erhang and jutty his confounded base,<BR>
<i>Swilled</i> with the wild and wasteful ocean.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Properly, to drink like a pig. See
<u>Swill</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To drink in great draughts;
to swallow greedily.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Well-dressed people, of both sexes, . . . devouring
sliced beef, and <i>swilling</i> pork, and punch, and
cider.</blockquote> <i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To inebriate; to fill with drink.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I should be loth<BR>
To meet the rudeness and <i>swilled</i> insolence<BR>
Of such late wassailers.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swill</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To drink greedily or
swinishly; to drink to excess.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swill</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
wash, or mixture of liquid substances, given to swine; hogwash; --
called also <i>swillings</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Large draughts of liquor; drink taken in
excessive quantities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swill"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
swills.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swill"ings</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Swill</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swim</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Swam</u> (?) or <u>Swum</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Swum</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Swimming</u>.] [AS.
<i>swimman</i>; akin to D. <i>zwemmen</i>, OHG. <i>swimman</i>, G.
<i>schwimmen</i>, Icel. <i>svimma</i>, Dan. <i>sw&ouml;mme</i>, Sw.
<i>simma</i>.  Cf. <u>Sound</u> an air bladder, a strait.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be supported by water or other fluid; not
to sink; to float; as, any substance will <i>swim</i>, whose specific
gravity is less than that of the fluid in which it is
immersed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move progressively in water by means of
strokes with the hands and feet, or the fins or the tail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Leap in with me into this angry flood,<BR>
And <i>swim</i> to yonder point.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be overflowed or drenched.</def>  <i>Ps.
vi. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sudden the ditches swell, the meadows
<i>swim</i>.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To be as if borne or floating in a
fluid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] now <i>swim</i> in joy.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To be filled with swimming animals.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[Streams] that <i>swim</i> full of small
fishes.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swim</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
pass or move over or on by swimming; as, to <i>swim</i> a
stream.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sometimes he thought to <i>swim</i> the stormy
main.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause or compel to swim; to make to
float; as, to <i>swim</i> a horse across a river.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To immerse in water that the lighter parts
may float; as, to <i>swim</i> wheat in order to select seed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swim</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of swimming; a gliding motion, like that of one swimming.</def>  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sound, or air bladder, of a
fish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A part of a stream much frequented by
fish.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Swim bladder</b></col>, <cd>an air bladder of a fish.</cd>
-- <col><b>To be in the swim</b></col>, <cd>to be in a favored
position; to be associated with others in active affairs.</cd>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Swim</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>swime</i> dizziness,
vertigo, AS. <i>sw&imacr;ma</i>; akin to D. <i>zwijm</i>, Icel.
<i>svimi</i> dizziness, <i>svina</i> to subside, <i>sv&imacr;a</i> to
abate, G. <i>schwindel</i> dizziness, <i>schwinden</i> to disappear,
to dwindle, OHG. <i>sw&imacr;nan</i> to dwindle.  Cf. <u>Squemish</u>,
<u>Swindler</u>.] <def>To be dizzy; to have an unsteady or reeling
sensation; as, the head <i>swims</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swim"bel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>A moaning or sighing sound or noise; a sough.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swim"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who swims.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A protuberance on the leg of
a horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A swimming bird; one of
the natatores.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Little swimmer</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
phalarope.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swim"mer*et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of a series of flat, fringed, and usually bilobed,
appendages, of which several pairs occur on the abdominal somites of
many crustaceans. They are used as fins in swimming.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swim"ming</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That swims; capable of swimming; adapted to, or used in,
swimming; as, a <i>swimming</i> bird; a <i>swimming</i>
motion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Suffused with moisture; as, <i>swimming</i>
eyes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Swimming bell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
nectocalyx. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Siphonophora</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Swimming crab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
numerous species of marine crabs, as those of the family
<i>Protunid&aelig;</i>, which have some of the joints of one or more
pairs of legs flattened so as to serve as fins.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swim"ming</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of one who
swims.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swim"ming</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Swim</u> to be
dizzy.] <def>Being in a state of vertigo or dizziness; as, a
<i>swimming</i> brain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swim"ming</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Vertigo; dizziness;
as, a <i>swimming</i> in the head.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swim"ming*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an easy,
gliding manner, as if swimming; smoothly; successfully;
prosperously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swim"ming*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act or state of
swimming; suffusion.</def> "A <i>swimmingness</i> in the eye."
<i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swinck</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. & n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Swink</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Swin"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swindled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swindling</u> (?).] [See <u>Swindler</u>.] <def>To cheat defraud
grossly, or with deliberate artifice; as, to <i>swindle</i> a man out
of his property.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lammote . . . has <i>swindled</i> one of them out of
three hundred livres.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swin"dle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or process of
swindling; a cheat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swin"dler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>schwindler</i>,
fr. <i>schwindlen</i> to be dizzy, to act thoughtlessly, to cheat, fr.
<i>schwindel</i> dizziness, fr. <i>schwinden</i> to vanish, to
disappear, to dwindle. See <u>Swim</u> to be dizzy.] <def>One who
swindles, or defrauds grossly; one who makes a practice of defrauding
others by imposition or deliberate artifice; a cheat.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sharper; rogue.  -- <u>Swindler</u>, <u>Sharper</u>.
These words agree in describing persons who take unfair advantages. A
<i>swindler</i> is one who obtains money or goods under false
pretenses. A <i>sharper</i> is one who cheats by sharp practice, as in
playing at cards or staking what he can not pay.</p>

<p><blockquote>Fraud and injustice soon follow, and the dignity of the
British merchant is sunk in the scandalous appellation of a
<i>swindler</i>.</blockquote> <i>V. Knox.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Perhaps you 'll think I act the same<BR>
As a sly <i>sharper</i> plays his game.</blockquote>
<i>Cotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swin"dler*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Swindling;
rougery.</def> [R.] "<i>Swindlery</i> and blackguardism."
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.sing. & pl.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>swin</i>, AS. <i>sw&imacr;n</i>; akin to OFries. & OS. <i>swin</i>,
D. <i>zwijn</i>, G. <i>schwein</i>, OHG. <i>sw&imacr;n</i>, Icel.
<i>sv&imacr;n</i>, Sw. <i>svin</i>, Dan. <i>sviin</i>, Goth.
<i>swein</i>; originally a diminutive corresponding to E. <i>sow</i>.
See <u>Sow</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
animal of the hog kind, especially one of the domestical species.
Swine secrete a large amount of subcutaneous fat, which, when
extracted, is known as <i>lard</i>. The male is specifically called
<i>boar</i>, the female, <i>sow</i>, and the young, <i>pig</i>. See
<u>Hog</u>.</def> "A great herd of <i>swine</i>."  <i>Mark v.
11.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Swine grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>knotgrass
(<i>Polygonum aviculare</i>); -- so called because eaten by
swine.</cd> -- <col><b>Swine oat</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind
of oat sometimes grown for swine.</cd> -- <col><b>Swine's
cress</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species of cress of the genus
<i>Senebiera</i> (<i>S. Coronopus</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Swine's
head</b></col>, <cd>a dolt; a blockhead.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i> -
- <col><b>Swine thistle</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the sow
thistle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swine"bread`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The truffle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swine"case`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hogsty.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swine"cote`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hogsty.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swine"crue`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Swine</i> +
Prov. E. <i>crue</i> a coop.] <def>A hogsty.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swine"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The wolf fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swine"herd`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A keeper of
swine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swine"pipe`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European redwing.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swine"-pox`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
variety of the chicken pox, with acuminated vesicles containing a
watery fluid; the water pox.</def>  <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swin"er*y</hw> (sw&imacr;n"&etilde;r*&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Piggery</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Swine"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>See <u>Stinkstone</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swine"sty`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sty, or pen,
for swine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swing</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swung</u> (?); <pos><i>Archaic imp.</i></pos>
<u>Swang</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Swinging</u>.]
[OE. <i>swingen</i>, AS. <i>swingan</i> to scourge, to fly, to
flutter; akin to G. <i>schwingen</i> to winnow, to swingle, oscillate,
<i>sich schwingen</i> to leap, to soar, OHG. <i>swingan</i> to throw,
to scourge, to soar, Sw. <i>svinga</i> to swing, to whirl, Dan.
<i>svinge</i>.  Cf. <u>Swagger</u>, <u>Sway</u>, <u>Swinge</u>,
<u>Swink</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move to and fro, as a body
suspended in the air; to wave; to vibrate; to oscillate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I tried if a pendulum would <i>swing</i> faster, or
continue <i>swinging</i> longer, in case of exsuction of the
air.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sway or move from one side or direction
to another; as, the door <i>swung</i> open.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To use a swing; as, a boy <i>swings</i> for
exercise or pleasure. See <u>Swing</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
3.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To turn round by action of
wind or tide when at anchor; as, a ship <i>swings</i> with the
tide.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To be hanged.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>D.
Webster.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To swing round the circle</b></col>, <cd>to make a complete
circuit.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He had <i>swung round the circle</i> of theories and
systems in which his age abounded, without finding
relief.</blockquote> <i>A. V. G. Allen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swing</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to swing or vibrate; to cause to move backward and forward, or
from one side to the other.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>swings</i> his tail, and swiftly turns his
round.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They get on ropes, as you must have seen the children,
and are <i>swung</i> by their men visitants.</blockquote>
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give a circular movement to; to whirl;
to brandish; as, to <i>swing</i> a sword; to <i>swing</i> a club;
hence, colloquially, to manage; as, to <i>swing</i> a
business.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>To admit or turn (anything)
for the purpose of shaping it; -- said of a lathe; as, the lathe can
<i>swing</i> a pulley of 12 inches diameter.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To swing a door</b></col>, <col><b>gate</b></col>, etc.
<i>(Carp.)</i>, <cd>to put it on hinges so that it can swing or
turn.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of swinging; a waving, oscillating, or vibratory motion
of a hanging or pivoted object; oscillation; as, the <i>swing</i> of a
pendulum.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Swaying motion from one side or direction
to the other; as, some men walk with a <i>swing</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A line, cord, or other thing suspended and
hanging loose, upon which anything may swing; especially, an apparatus
for recreation by swinging, commonly consisting of a rope, the two
ends of which are attached overhead, as to the bough of a tree, a seat
being placed in the loop at the bottom; also, any contrivance by which
a similar motion is produced for amusement or exercise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Influence of power of a body put in swaying
motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ram that batters down the wall,<BR>
For the great <i>swing</i> and rudeness of his poise,<BR>
They place before his hand that made the engine.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Capacity of a turning lathe, as determined
by the diameter of the largest object that can be turned in
it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Free course; unrestrained liberty or
license; tendency.</def> "Take thy <i>swing</i>."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To prevent anything which may prove an obstacle to the
full <i>swing</i> of his genius.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Full swing</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Full</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Swing beam</b></col> <i>(Railway Mach.)</i>, <cd>a crosspiece
sustaining the car body, and so suspended from the framing of a truck
that it may have an independent lateral motion.</cd> -- <col><b>Swing
bridge</b></col>, <cd>a form of drawbridge which swings horizontally,
as on a vertical pivot.</cd> -- <col><b>Swing plow</b></col>, or
<col><b>Swing plough</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A plow without
a fore wheel under the beam.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A reversible
or sidehill plow.</cd> -- <col><b>Swing wheel</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The scape-wheel in a clock, which drives the
pendulum.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The balance of a
watch.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swing"dev`il</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
[So named from its swift flight and dark color, which give it an
uncanny appearance.] <def>The European swift.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swinge</hw> (sw&ibreve;nj), <pos><i>v. & n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Singe</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swinge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swinged</u> (sw&ibreve;njd); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Swingeing</u> (sw&ibreve;nj"&ibreve;ng).] [OE.
<i>swengen</i>, AS. <i>swengan</i> to shake, causative of
<i>swingan</i>. See <u>Swing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To beat
soundly; to whip; to chastise; to punish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I had <i>swinged</i> him soundly.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>swinges</i> his own vices in his
son.</blockquote> <i>C. Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move as a lash; to lash.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Swinges</i> the scaly horror of his folded
tail.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swinge</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
sweep of anything in motion; a swinging blow; a swing.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Power; sway; influence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Swinge"buc`kler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
swashbuckler; a bully; a roisterer.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swinge"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Huge; very
large.</def> [Colloq.] <i>Arbuthnot.</i> <i>Byron.</i> --
<wf>Swinge"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swin"gel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>swingele</i>
whip, scourge. See <u>Swing</u>.] <def>The swinging part of a flail
which falls on the grain in thrashing; the swiple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swing"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who swings or
whirls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swin"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who swinges.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything very large, forcible, or
astonishing.</def> [Obs. or Colloq.]  <i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swin"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Freq. of
<i>swing</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To dangle; to wave
hanging.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To swing for pleasure.</def> [Obs. or Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swin"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swingled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swingling</u> (?).] [See <u>Swingel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To clean, as flax, by beating it with a swingle, so as to
separate the coarse parts and the woody substance from it; to
scutch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To beat off the tops of without pulling up
the roots; -- said of weeds.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Forby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swin"gle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wooden instrument
like a large knife, about two feet long, with one thin edge, used for
beating and cleaning flax; a scutcher; -- called also <i>swingling
knife</i>, <i>swingling staff</i>, and <i>swingling
wand</i>.</def></p>



<p><hw>Swin"gle*bar`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
swingletree.</def>  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swin"gle*tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The thrasher, or fox shark. See
<u>Thrasher</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swin"gle*tree`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named in
allusion to its <i>swinging</i>. See <u>Swingle</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Swingtree</u>.] <def>A whiffletree, or
whippletree. See <u>Singletree</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swin"gling</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Swingle</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Swingling tow</b></col>, <cd>the coarse part of flax,
separated from the finer by swingling and hatcheling.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swing"tree`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The bar of a
carriage to which the traces are fastened; the whiffletree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swin"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to swine; befitting swine; like swine; hoggish; gross; beasty; as, a
<i>swinish</i> drunkard or sot.</def> "<i>Swinish</i> gluttony."
<i>Milton.</i> -- <wf>Swin"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Swin"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Swink</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Swank</u> (?), <u>Swonk</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Swonken</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swinking</u>.] [AS. <i>swincan</i>, akin to <i>swingan</i>. See
<u>Swing</u>.] <def>To labor; to toil; to salve.</def> [Obs. or
Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Or <i>swink</i> with his hands and labor.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For which men <i>swink</i> and sweat
incessantly.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>swinking</i> crowd at every stroke pant
"Ho."</blockquote> <i>Sir Samuel Freguson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swink</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to toil or drudge; to tire or exhaust with labor.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And the <i>swinked</i> hedger at his supper
sat.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To acquire by labor.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To devour all that others <i>swink</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swink</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [As. <i>swinc</i>,
ge<i>swinc</i>.] <def>Labor; toil; drudgery.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.
Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swink"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A laborer.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swin"ney</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>See
<u>Sweeny</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swipe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Sweep</u>,
<u>Swiple</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A swape or sweep. See
<u>Sweep</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A strong blow given with a sweeping motion,
as with a bat or club.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Swipes</i> [in cricket] over the blower's head, and
over either of the long fields.</blockquote> <i>R. A. Proctor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Poor, weak beer; small
beer.</def> [Slang, Eng.] [Written also <i>swypes</i>.]
<i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1460 !></p>

<p><hw>Swipe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swiped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swiping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give a swipe to; to strike
forcibly with a sweeping motion, as a ball.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Loose balls may be <i>swiped</i> almost <i>ad
libitum</i>.</blockquote> <i>R. A. Proctor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pluck; to snatch; to steal.</def>
[Slang, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Swi"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Swipe</u>.]
<def>That part of a flail which strikes the grain in thrashing; a
swingel.</def> [Written also <i>swipel</i>, and <i>swipple</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Swip"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From AS.
<i>swipian</i> to whip, shake, whirl; akin to <i>sw&amacr;pan</i> to
sweep. See <u>Swoop</u>.] <def>Nimble; quick.</def> [Obs. or Prov.
Eng. & Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Swirl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. & i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swirled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swirling</u>.] [Akin to Norw. <i>svirla</i> to whirl, freq. of
<i>sverra</i> to whirl, Dan. <i>svirre</i>, G. <i>schwirren</i> to
whiz, to buzz. &radic;177. See <u>Swarm</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>To whirl, or cause to whirl, as in an eddy.</def> "The river
<i>swirled</i> along."  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swirl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A whirling motion; an
eddy, as of water; a whirl.</def> "The silent <i>swirl</i> of bats."
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From the sound.  Cf.
<u>Swash</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To flourish, so as to make the
sound <i>swish</i>.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To flog; to lash.</def> [Slang]
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swish</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To dash; to
swash.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swish</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
sound of quick movement, as of something whirled through the
air.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Light driven spray.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swiss</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.sing. & pl.</i></pos> [F.
<i>Suisse</i>, of German origin.  Cf. <u>Switzer</u>.] <def>A native
or inhabitant of Switzerland; a Switzer; the people of
Switzerland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swiss</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
Switzerland, or the people of Switzerland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Switch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OD. <i>swick</i> a
scourage, a whip.  Cf. <u>Swink</u>, <u>Swing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A small, flexible twig or rod.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mauritania, on the fifth medal, leads a horse with
something like a thread; in her other hand she holds a
<i>switch</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Railways)</i> <def>A movable part of a rail;
or of opposite rails, for transferring cars from one track to
another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A separate mass or trees of hair, or of
some substance (at jute) made to resemble hair, worn on the head by
women.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A mechanical device for
shifting an electric current to another circuit.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Safety switch</b></col> <i>(Railways)</i>, <cd>a form of
switch contrived to prevent or lessen the danger of derailment of
trains.</cd> -- <col><b>Switch back</b></col> <i>(Railways)</i>,
<cd>an arrangement of tracks whereby elevations otherwise
insurmountable are passed. The track ascends by a series of zigzags,
the engine running alternately forward and back, until the summit is
reached.</cd> -- <col><b>Switch board</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>a
collection of switches in one piece of apparatus, so arranged that a
number of circuits may be connected or combined in any desired
manner.</cd> -- <col><b>Switch grass</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
under <u>Grass</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Switch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Switched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Switching</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike with a switch or
small flexible rod; to whip.</def>  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To swing or whisk; as, to <i>switch</i> a
cane.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To trim, as, a hedge.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To turn from one railway track to another;
to transfer by a switch; -- generally with <i>off</i>, <i>from</i>,
etc.; as, to <i>switch</i> off a train; to <i>switch</i> a car from
one track to another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>To shift to another
circuit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Switch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To walk with a
jerk.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Switch"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sweet</u>.]
<def>A beverage of molasses and water, seasoned with vinegar and
ginger.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Switch"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Switch</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Switching engine</b></col>, <cd>a locomotive for switching
cars from one track to another, and making up trains; -- called also
<i>switch engine</i>.</cd> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Switch"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Switchmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who tends a switch on a
railway.</def></p>

<p><hw>Switch"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Whisking.</def>
[Colloq.]  <i>Coombe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swithe</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sw&imacr;&?;e</i> strongly, violently.] <def>Instantly; quickly;
speedily; rapidly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That thou doest, do thou <i>swithe</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Wyclif (John xiii. 27).</i></p>

<p><hw>Switz"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>schweizer</i>.  Cf. <u>Swiss</u>.] <def>A native or inhabitant of
Switzerland; a Swiss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swive</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>swiven</i>, fr.
AS. <i>sw&imacr;fan</i>. See <u>Swivel</u>.] <def>To copulate with (a
woman).</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swiv"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sw&imacr;fan</i>
to move quickly, to remove; akin to Icel. <i>sveifla</i> to whirl,
shake, <i>sv&imacr;fa</i> to ramble, to turn. See <u>Swoop</u>, and
cf. <u>Swift</u> a reel, <u>Swift</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A piece, as a ring or hook,
attached to another piece by a pin, in such a manner as to permit
rotation about the pin as an axis.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A small piece of ordnance,
turning on a point or swivel; -- called also <i>swivel gun</i>.</def>
<i>Wilhelm.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Swivel bridge</b></col>, <cd>a kind of drawbridge that
turns round on a vertical axis; a swing bridge.</cd> -- <col><b>Swivel
hook</b></col>, <cd>a hook connected with the iron strap of a pulley
block by a swivel joint, for readily taking the turns out of a
tackle.</cd> -- <col><b>Swivel joint</b></col>, <cd>a joint, the two
pieces composing which turn round, with respect to each other, on a
longitudinal pin or axis, as in a chain, to prevent twisting.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swiv"el</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To swing or turn, as
on a pin or pivot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swiv"el-eyed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Squint-
eyed.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swiz"zle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To drink; to
swill.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swiz"zle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ale and beer mixed;
also, drink generally.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swob</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. & v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Swab</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swob"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>See <u>Swabber</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Four privileged cards, formerly
used in betting at the game of whist.</def> [Written also
<i>swabber</i>.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swoll"en</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Swell</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swoll"en</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Enlarged by swelling;
immoderately increased; as, <i>swollen</i> eyes; <i>swollen</i>
streams.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swoln</hw> (?). <def>Contraction of <u>Swollen</u>, <pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos></def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swom</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Swim</u>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swoon</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swooned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swooning</u>.] [OE. <i>swounen</i>, <i>swoghenen</i>, for
<i>swo&?;nien</i>, fr. <i>swo&?;en</i> to sigh deeply, to droop, AS.
<i>sw&omacr;gan</i> to sough, sigh; cf. ge<i>sw&omacr;gen</i>
senseless, swooned, ge<i>sw&omacr;wung</i> a swooning.  Cf.
<u>Sough</u>.] <def>To sink into a fainting fit, in which there is an
apparent suspension of the vital functions and mental powers; to
faint; -- often with <i>away</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sucklings <i>swoon</i> in the streets of the
city.</blockquote> <i>Lam. ii. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The most in years . . . <i>swooned</i> first away for
pain.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He seemed ready to <i>swoon</i> away in the surprise of
joy.</blockquote> <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swoon</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fainting fit;
syncope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swoon"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. & n.</i></pos> from
<u>Swoon</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def> -- <wf>Swoon"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Swoop</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swooped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swooping</u>.] [OE. <i>swopen</i>, usually, to sweep, As.
<i>sw&amacr;pan</i> to sweep, to rush; akin to G. <i>schweifen</i> to
rove, to ramble, to curve, OHG. <i>sweifan</i> to whirl, Icel.
<i>sveipa</i> to sweep; also to AS. <i>sw&imacr;fan</i> to move
quickly.  Cf. <u>Sweep</u>, <u>Swift</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> &
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Swipe</u>, <u>Swivel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To fall on at once and seize; to catch while on the wing; as, a
hawk <i>swoops</i> a chicken.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To seize; to catch up; to take with a
sweep.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And now at last you came to <i>swoop</i> it
all.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The grazing ox which <i>swoops</i> it [the medicinal
herb] in with the common grass.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swoop</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
descend with closed wings from a height upon prey, as a hawk; to
stoop.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pass with pomp; to sweep.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swoop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A falling on and seizing,
as the prey of a rapacious bird; the act of swooping.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The eagle fell, . . . and carried away a whole litter
of cubs at a <i>swoop</i>.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swoop"stake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sweepstake</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Swoop"stake`</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Altogether;
indiscriminately.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swop</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. & n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Swap</u>.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sword</hw> (s&omacr;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>swerd</i>, AS. <i>sweord</i>; akin to OFries. <i>swerd</i>,
<i>swird</i>, D. <i>zwaard</i>, OS. <i>swerd</i>, OHG. <i>swert</i>,
G. <i>schwert</i>, Icel. <i>sver&eth;</i>, Sw. <i>sv&auml;rd</i>, Dan.
<i>sv&aelig;rd</i>; of uncertain origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
offensive weapon, having a long and usually sharp-pointed blade with a
cutting edge or edges. It is the general term, including the small
sword, rapier, saber, scimiter, and many other varieties.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, the emblem of judicial vengeance or
punishment, or of authority and power.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [the ruler] beareth not the <i>sword</i> in
vain.</blockquote> <i>Rom. xiii. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She quits the balance, and resigns the
<i>sword</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Destruction by the sword, or in battle;
war; dissension.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I came not to send peace, but a
<i>sword</i>.</blockquote> <i>Matt. x. 34.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The military power of a country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He hath no more authority over the <i>sword</i> than
over the law.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>One of the end bars by
which the lay of a hand loom is suspended.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sword arm</b></col>, <cd>the right arm.</cd> --
<col><b>Sword bayonet</b></col>, <cd>a bayonet shaped somewhat like a
sword, and which can be used as a sword.</cd> -- <col><b>Sword
bearer</b></col>, <cd>one who carries his master's sword; an officer
in London who carries a sword before the lord mayor when he goes
abroad.</cd> -- <col><b>Sword belt</b></col>, <cd>a belt by which a
sword is suspended, and borne at the side.</cd> -- <col><b>Sword
blade</b></col>, <cd>the blade, or cutting part, of a sword.</cd> --
<col><b>Sword cane</b></col>, <cd>a cane which conceals the blade of a
sword or dagger, as in a sheath.</cd> -- <col><b>Sword
dance</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A dance in which swords are
brandished and clashed together by the male dancers.</cd> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A dance performed over swords laid
on the ground, but without touching them.</cd> -- <col><b>Sword
fight</b></col>, <cd>fencing; a combat or trial of skill with swords;
swordplay.</cd> -- <col><b>Sword grass</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Gladen</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sword knot</b></col>, <cd>a
ribbon tied to the hilt of a sword.</cd> -- <col><b>Sword
law</b></col>, <cd>government by the sword, or by force;
violence.</cd> <i>Milton.</i> -- <col><b>Sword lily</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Gladiolus</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sword
mat</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a mat closely woven of yarns; -- so
called from a wooden implement used in its manufacture.</cd> --
<col><b>Sword shrimp</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a European
shrimp (<i>Pasiph&aelig;a sivado</i>) having a very thin, compressed
body.</cd> -- <col><b>Sword stick</b></col>, <cd>a sword cane.</cd> --
<col><b>To measure swords with one</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Measure</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>To put to the
sword</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Put</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sword"bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A humming bird (<i>Docimastes ensiferus</i>) having a very long,
slender bill, exceeding the length of the body of the bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sword"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. ge<i>swurdod</i>.]
<def>Girded with a sword.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sword"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who uses, or
fights with, a sword; a swordsman; a soldier; a cutthroat.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sword"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A very large oceanic fish
(<i>Xiphias gladius</i>), the only representative of the family
<i>Xiphiid&aelig;</i>. It is highly valued as a food fish. The bones
of the upper jaw are consolidated, and form a long, rigid, swordlike
beak; the dorsal fin is high and without distinct spines; the ventral
fins are absent. The adult is destitute of teeth. It becomes sixteen
feet or more long.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The gar pike.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The cutlass fish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A southern constellation.
See <u>Dorado</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Swordfish sucker</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
remora (<i>Remora brachyptera</i>) which attaches itself to the
swordfish.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sword"ick</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The spotted gunnel (<i>Mur&aelig;noides gunnellus</i>).</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sword"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Slashing with a
sword.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sword"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of a
sword.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sword"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Swordmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A swordsman.</def> "Sinewy
<i>swordmen</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sword"play`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fencing; a
sword fight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sword"play`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fencer; a
gladiator; one who exhibits his skill in the use of the
sword.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sword"-shaped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Shaped like a sword; ensiform, as the long, flat leaves of the
Iris, cattail, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swords"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Swordsmen</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A soldier;
a fighting man.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One skilled of a use of the sword; a
professor of the science of fencing; a fencer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swords"man*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being a swordsman; skill in the use of the sword.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sword"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The limulus.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Any hemipterous insect of the genus <i>Uroxiphus</i>, found upon
forest trees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swore</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Swear</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sworn</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Swear</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sworn brothers</b></col>, <cd>originally, companions in
arms who took an oath to share together good and bad fortune; hence,
faithful friends.</cd> -- <col><b>Sworn enemies</b></col>,
<cd>determined or irreconcilable enemies.</cd> -- <col><b>Sworn
friends</b></col>, <cd>close friends.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swough</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Swoon</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sound; a groan; a moan; a sough.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He sigheth with full many a sorry
<i>swough</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A swoon.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swound</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. & n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Swoon</u>, <pos><i>v. & n.</i></pos></def> [Prov. Eng. or Archaic]
<i>Shak. Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The landlord stirred<BR>
As one awaking from a <i>swound</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>'Swounds</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Zounds</u>.] <def>An exclamation contracted from <i>God's
wounds</i>; -- used as an oath.</def> [Obs. or Archaic]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swown</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. & n.</i></pos> <def>Swoon.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swum</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Swim</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swung</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Swing</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swythe</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Quickly. See
<u>Swithe</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sy</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>See</u>.
<def>Saw.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syb</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Sib</u>.</def>
[Obs. or Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Syb"a*rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Sybarita</i>,
Gr. &?;, fr. &?;, a city in Italy, noted for the effeminacy and
voluptuousness of its inhabitants; cf. F. <i>Sybarite</i>.] <def>A
person devoted to luxury and pleasure; a voluptuary.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Syb`a*rit"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Syb`a*rit"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Sybariticus</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the Sybarites; resembling the Sybarites; luxurious;
wanton; effeminate.</def> "<i>Sybaritic</i> dinners." <i>Bp.
Warburton.</i> "<i>Sybaritical</i> cloistres." <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syb"a*rit*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Luxuriousness; effeminacy; wantonness; voluptuousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syc"a*mine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sycaminus</i>,
Gr. &?;; perhaps of Semitic origin.] <def>See
<u>Sycamore</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syc"a*more</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sycomorus</i>,
Gr. &?; the fig mulberry; &?; a fig + &?; the black mulberry; or
perhaps of Semitic origin: cf. F. <i>sycomore</i>.  Cf.
<u>Mulberry</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A large tree
(<i>Ficus Sycomorus</i>) allied to the common fig.  It is found in
Egypt and Syria, and is the sycamore, or sycamine, of Scripture.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The American plane tree, or buttonwood.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A large European species of maple (<i>Acer
Pseudo-Platanus</i>).</def> [Written sometimes <i>sycomore</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Syce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>s&amacr;&iuml;s</i>.] <def>A groom.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>Sy*cee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Said to be from a
Chinese word, <i>se-tze</i> or <i>se-sze</i>, meaning, fine silk, and
to be so called because if pure it may be drawn out into fine
threads.] <def>Silver, pounded into ingots of the shape of a shoe, and
used as currency. The most common weight is about one pound
troy.</def> [China]  <i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sych`no*car"pous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; much
or frequent + &?; fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the capacity of
bearing several successive crops of fruit without perishing; as,
<i>sychnocarpous</i> plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sy"cite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; figlike, fr.
&?; a fig.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A nodule of flint, or a pebble, which
resembles a fig.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Syc`o*cer"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained by the
oxidation of sycoceryl alcohol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syc`o*ce"ryl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a fig +
&?; wax + <i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A radical, of the aromatic
series, regarded as an essential ingredient of certain compounds found
in the waxy resin of an Australian species of fig.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1461 !></p>

<p><hw>Sy"cock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The missel thrush.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sy*co"nes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; a fig.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of calcareous
sponges.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They usually resemble a fig, being vase-shaped with a
fringed opening at the summit. The feeding cells are in ampull&aelig;
connected with radial tubes in the thickened walls of the body.</p>

<p>{ <hw>||Sy*co"ni*um</hw> (?), <hw>||Sy*co"nus</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; the fig.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
collective fleshy fruit, in which the ovaries are hidden within a
hollow receptacle, as in the fig.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syc"o*phan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>sycophantia</i> deceit, Gr. &?; false accusation.] <def>The
character or characteristic of a sycophant.</def> Hence: -</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>False accusation; calumniation;
talebearing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Obsequious flattery; servility.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sycophancy</i> of A.Philips had prejudiced Mr.
Addison against Pope.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syc"o*phant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sycophanta</i> a slanderer, deceiver, parasite, Gr. &?; a false
accuser, false adviser, literally, a fig shower; &?; a fig + &?; to
show: cf. F. <i>sycophante</i>. The reason for the name is not
certainly known. See <u>Phenomenon</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
informer; a talebearer.</def> [Obs.] "Accusing <i>sycophants</i>, of
all men, did best sort to his nature."  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A base parasite; a mean or servile
flatterer; especially, a flatterer of princes and great men.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>sycophant</i> will everything admire:<BR>
Each verse, each sentence, sets his soul on fire.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syc"o*phant</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [CF. L.
<i>sycophantari</i> to deceive, to trick, Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To inform against; hence, to calumniate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sycophanting</i> and misnaming the work of his
adversary.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To play the sycophant toward; to flatter
obsequiously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syc"o*phant</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To play the
sycophant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syc"o*phant*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sycophancy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Syc`o*phan"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Syc`o*phan"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Gr. &?; slanderous.] <def>Of or pertaining
to a sycophant; characteristic of a sycophant; meanly or obsequiously
flattering; courting favor by mean adulation; parasitic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To be cheated and ruined by a <i>sycophantical</i>
parasite.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sycophantic</i> servants to the King of
Spain.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syc"o*phant`ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
sycophant; obsequiously flattering.</def> --
<wf>Syc"o*phant`ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sycophantish</i> satirists that forever humor the
prevailing folly.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syc"o*phant*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sycophancy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syc"o*phant*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To play
the sycophant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syc"o*phant*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sycophancy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sy*co"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; a fig.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A pustular eruption upon the scalp,
or the beared part of the face, whether due to ringworm, acne, or
impetigo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syd"er*o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
Bohemian earthenware resembling the Wedgwood ware.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sye</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>See</u>.
<def>Saw.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sy"e*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Syenites</i>
(sc. <i>lapis</i>), from <i>Syene</i>, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Orig., a rock composed of quartz, hornblende,
and feldspar, anciently quarried at <i>Syene</i>, in Upper Egypt, and
now called <i>granite</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A granular,
crystalline, ingeous rock composed of orthoclase and hornblende, the
latter often replaced or accompanied by pyroxene or mica. Syenite
sometimes contains nephelite (el&aelig;olite) or leucite, and is then
called <i>nephelite (el&aelig;olite) syenite</i> or <i>leucite
syenite</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sy`e*nit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>sienitic</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to Syene; as,
<i>Syenitic</i> inscriptions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relating to, or like, syenite; as,
<i>syenitic</i> granite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. & v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sike</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syk"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. & adv.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sicker</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Syle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sile</u> a young
herring.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young herring (<i>Clupea
harengus</i>).</def> [Also written <i>sile</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But our folk call them <i>syle</i>, and nought but
<i>syle</i>,<BR>
And when they're grown, why then we call them herring.</blockquote>
<i>J. Ingelow.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Syl`la*ba"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Syllabaria</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <def>A syllabary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl"la*ba*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A table of
syllables; more especially, a table of the indivisible syllabic
symbols used in certain languages, as the Japanese and Cherokee,
instead of letters.</def>  <i>S. W. Williams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syl"labe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Syllable.</def> [R.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Syl*lab"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Syl*lab"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>syllabique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a syllable or syllables;
as, <i>syllabic</i> accent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of a syllable or syllables; as,
a <i>syllabic</i> augment.</def> "The <i>syllabic</i> stage of
writing."  <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syl*lab"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
syllabic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl*lab"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Syllabicated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Syllabicating</u>.] <def>To form or divide into
syllables; to syllabify.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl*lab`i*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of forming syllables; the act or method of dividing words into
syllables. See <i>Guide to Pron.</i>, &sect;275.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl*lab`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Syllabify</u>.] <def>Same as <u>Syllabication</u>.</def>
<i>Rush.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Syllabification</i> depends not on mere force, but
on discontinuity of force.</blockquote>  <i>H. Sweet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syl*lab"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Syllabified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Syllabifying</u> (?).] [L. <i>syllaba</i> syllable +
<i>-fy</i>.] <def>To form or divide into syllables.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl"la*bism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The expressing
of the sounds of a language by syllables, rather than by an alphabet
or by signs for words.</def>  <i>I. Taylor (The Alphabet).</i></p>

<p><hw>Syl"la*bist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who forms
or divides words into syllables, or is skilled in doing
this.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl"la*bize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
syllabify.</def>  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syl"la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sillable</i>,
OF. <i>sillabe</i>, F. <i>syllabe</i>, L. <i>syllaba</i>, Gr. &?; that
which is held together, several letters taken together so as to form
one sound, a syllable, fr. &?; to take together; &?; with + &?; to
take; cf. Skr. <i>labh</i>, <i>rabh</i>.  Cf. <u>Lemma</u>,
<u>Dilemma</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An elementary sound, or a
combination of elementary sounds, uttered together, or with a single
effort or impulse of the voice, and constituting a word or a part of a
word. In other terms, it is a vowel or a diphtong, either by itself or
flanked by one or more consonants, the whole produced by a single
impulse or utterance. One of the liquids, <i>l</i>, <i>m</i>,
<i>n</i>, may fill the place of a vowel in a syllable. Adjoining
syllables in a word or phrase need not to be marked off by a pause,
but only by such an abatement and renewal, or re&euml;nforcement, of
the stress as to give the feeling of separate impulses. See <i>Guide
to Pronunciation</i>, &sect;275.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In writing and printing, a part of a word,
separated from the rest, and capable of being pronounced by a single
impulse of the voice. It may or may not correspond to a syllable in
the spoken language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Withouten vice [<i>i. e.</i> mistake] of
<i>syllable</i> or letter.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small part of a sentence or discourse;
anything concise or short; a particle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Before any <i>syllable</i> of the law of God was
written.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who dare speak<BR>
One <i>syllable</i> against him?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syl"la*ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pronounce the
syllables of; to utter; to articulate.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syl"la*bub</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Syllabub</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl"la*bus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Syllabuses</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Syllabi</b></plw> (#).
[L., fr. the same source as E. <i>syllable</i>.] <def>A compendium
containing the heads of a discourse, and the like; an
abstract.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syl*lep"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>sy`llhpsis</grk> a taking together, from &?;. See
<u>syllable</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure of speech by which a word is used in a
literal and metaphorical sense at the same time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The agreement of a verb or
adjective with one, rather than another, of two nouns, with either of
which it might agree in gender, number, etc.; as, <i>rex</i> et regina
<i>beati.</i></def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Syl*lep"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Syl*lep"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; collective.] <def>Of or pertaining to a
syllepsis; containing syllepsis.</def> -- <wf>Syl*lep"tic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Syl*lid"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From NL.
<i>Syllis</i>, the typical genus.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
numerous species of marine annelids of the family
<i>Syllid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Many of the species are phosphorescent; others are
remarkable for undergoing strobilation or fission and for their
polymorphism. The egg, in such species, develops into an asexual
individual. When mature, a number of its posterior segments gradually
develop into one or more sexual individuals which finally break away
and swim free in the sea. The males, females, and neuters usually
differ greatly in form and structure.</p>

<p><hw>Syl"lo*gism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>silogisme</i>, OF. <i>silogime</i>, <i>sillogisme</i>, F.
<i>syllogisme</i>, L. <i>syllogismus</i>, Gr. <grk>syllogismo`s</grk>
a reckoning all together, a reasoning, syllogism, fr.
<grk>syllogi`zesqai</grk> to reckon all together, to bring at once
before the mind, to infer, conclude; <grk>sy`n</grk> with, together +
<grk>logi`zesqai</grk> to reckon, to conclude by reasoning. See
<u>Syn-</u>, and <u>Logistic</u>, <u>Logic</u>.] <i>(Logic)</i>
<def>The regular logical form of every argument, consisting of three
propositions, of which the first two are called the <i>premises</i>,
and the last, the <i>conclusion</i>. The conclusion necessarily
follows from the premises; so that, if these are true, the conclusion
must be true, and the argument amounts to demonstration</def>; as in
the following example:</p>

<p>Every virtue is laudable;
Kindness is a virtue;
Therefore kindness is laudable.</p>

<p>These propositions are denominated respectively the <i>major
premise</i>, the <i>minor premise</i>, and the <i>conclusion</i>.</p>

<p>&fist; If the premises are not true and the syllogism is regular,
the reasoning is valid, and the conclusion, whether true or false, is
correctly derived.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Syl`lo*gis"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Syl`lo*gis"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>syllogisticus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>syllogistique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a syllogism;
consisting of a syllogism, or of the form of reasoning by syllogisms;
as, <i>syllogistic</i> arguments or reasoning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl`lo*gis"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
syllogistic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl`lo*gi*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
reasoning by syllogisms.</def> [Obs. or R.]  <i>Harris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syl"lo*gize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Syllogized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Syllogizing</u> (?).] [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>syllogiser</i>.] <def>To reason by means of syllogisms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men have endeavored . . . to teach boys to
<i>syllogize</i>, or frame arguments and refute them, without any real
inward knowledge of the question.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syl"lo*gi`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
syllogizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sylph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sylphe</i>, m., fr.
Gr. &?; a kind of grub, beetle, or moth; -- so called by Paracelsus.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An imaginary being inhabiting the air; a
fairy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A slender, graceful woman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
species of very brilliant South American humming birds, having a very
long and deeply-forked tail; as, the blue-tailed <i>sylph</i>
(<i>Cynanthus cyanurus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sylph"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sylphide</i>,
fem. See <u>Sylph</u>.] <def>A little sylph; a young or diminutive
sylph.</def> "The place of the <i>sylphid</i> queen."  <i>J. R.
Drake.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye sylphs and <i>sylphids</i>, to your chief give
ear,<BR>
Fays, fairies, genii, elves, and demons, hear.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sylph"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
sylph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sylph"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sylphlike.</def>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sylph"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a sylph;
airy; graceful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sometimes a dance . . . <BR>
Displayed some <i>sylphlike</i> figures in its maze.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Syl"va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sylv&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>sylva</i>, better
<i>silva</i>, a wood. See <u>Silva</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Silva</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl"van</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Silvan</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a
sylva; forestlike; hence, rural; rustic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The traditional memory of a rural and a <i>sylvan</i>
region . . . is usually exact as well as tenacious.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Abounding in forests or in trees;
woody.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl"van</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Sylvanus</i>, better
<i>Silvanus</i>. See <u>Silvan</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A
fabled deity of the wood; a satyr; a faun; sometimes, a
rustic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her private orchards, walled on every side,<BR>
To lawless <i>sylvans</i> all access denied.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syl"van</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sylva</i> +
furfur<i>an</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A liquid hydrocarbon obtained
together with furfuran (tetrol) by the distillation of pine wood; --
called also <i>methyl tetrol</i>, or <i>methyl furfuran</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl"van*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from
Tran<i>sylvania</i>, where it was first found.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
mineral, a telluride of gold and silver, of a steel-gray, silver-
white, or brass-yellow color. It often occurs in implanted crystals
resembling written characters, and hence is called <i>graphic
tellurium</i>.</def> [Written also <i>silvanite</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Syl*va"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., so called
from Tran<i>sylvania</i>, where it was first found.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An old name for tellurium.</def> [Written also
<i>silvanium</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Syl"vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of sylvic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl*vat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sylvaticus</i>, better <i>silvaticus</i>. See <u>Silvan</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Sylvan.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Syl*ves"tri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sylvestris</i>, better <i>silvestris</i>.] <def>Sylvan.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Syl"vic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or resembling, pine or its products; specifically,
designating an acid called also <i>abeitic acid</i>, which is the
chief ingredient of common resin (obtained from <i>Pinus
sylvestris</i>, and other species).</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl*vic"o*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sylva</i>,
<i>silva</i>, forest + <i>colere</i> to inhabit.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the family of warblers
(<i>Sylvicolid&aelig;</i>). See <u>Warbler</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl"vi*cul`ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sylva</i>, <i>silva</i>, forest + E. <i>culture</i>.] <def>The
cultivation of forest trees for timber or other purposes; forestry;
arboriculture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl`vi*cul"tur*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
cultivates forest trees, especially as a business.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Syl"vine</hw> (?), <hw>Syl"vite</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from NL. sal digestivus <i>sylvii</i>
potassium chloride.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Native potassium
chloride.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym-</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Syn-</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sy*mar"</hw> (?), <hw>Sy"marr</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Simar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym"bal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cimbal</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sym"bol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>symbolus</i>,
<i>symbolum</i>, Gr. <grk>sy`mbolon</grk> a sign by which one knows or
infers a thing, from &?; to throw or put together, to compare;
<grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to throw: cf. F. <i>symbole</i>.  Cf.
<u>Emblem</u>, <u>Parable</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A visible sign
or representation of an idea; anything which suggests an idea or
quality, or another thing, as by resemblance or by convention; an
emblem; a representation; a type; a figure; as, the lion is the
<i>symbol</i> of courage; the lamb is the <i>symbol</i> of meekness or
patience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>symbol</i> is a sign included in the idea which it
represents, <i>e. g.</i>, an actual part chosen to represent the
whole, or a lower form or species used as the representative of a
higher in the same kind.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Any character used to
represent a quantity, an operation, a relation, or an
abbreviation.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In crystallography, the <i>symbol</i> of a plane is the
numerical expression which defines its position relatively to the
assumed axes.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>An abstract or compendium
of faith or doctrine; a creed, or a summary of the articles of
religion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [Gr. &?; contributions.] <def>That which is
thrown into a common fund; hence, an appointed or accustomed
duty.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They do their work in the days of peace . . . and come
to pay their <i>symbol</i> in a war or in a plague.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Share; allotment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The persons who are to be judged . . . shall all appear
to receive their <i>symbol</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An abbreviation standing for
the name of an element and consisting of the initial letter of the
Latin or New Latin name, or sometimes of the initial letter with a
following one; as, C for carbon, Na for sodium (Natrium), Fe for iron
(Ferrum), Sn for tin (Stannum), Sb for antimony (Stibium), etc.  See
the list of names and symbols under <u>Element</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In pure and organic chemistry there are symbols not only for
the elements, but also for their grouping in formulas, radicals, or
residues, as evidenced by their composition, reactions, synthesis,
etc. See the diagram of <i>Benzene nucleus</i>, under
<u>Benzene</u>.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Emblem; figure; type. See <u>Emblem</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sym"bol</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To symbolize.</def>
[R.]  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sym*bol"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>symbolique</i>. See <u>Symbolic</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<i>(Theol.)</i> <def>See <u>Symbolics</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sym*bol"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sym*bol"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>symbolicus</i>, Gr.
<grk>symboliko`s</grk>: cf. F. <i>symbolique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to a symbol or symbols; of the nature of a symbol;
exhibiting or expressing by resemblance or signs; representative; as,
the figure of an eye is <i>symbolic</i> of sight and knowledge.</def>
-- <wf>Sym*bol"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sym*bol"ic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The sacrament is a representation of Christ's death by
such <i>symbolical</i> actions as he himself appointed.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Symbolical delivery</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the
delivery of property sold by delivering something else as a symbol,
token, or representative of it.</cd> <i>Bouvier.  Chitty.</i> --
<col><b>Symbolical philosophy</b></col>, <cd>the philosophy expressed
by hieroglyphics.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1462 !></p>

<p><hw>Sym*bol"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The study of
ancient symbols</def>; esp. <i>(Theol.)</i>, <def>that branch of
historic theology which treats of creeds and confessions of faith;
symbolism; -- called also <i>symbolic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym"bol*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of symbolizing, or the state of being symbolized; as,
<i>symbolism</i> in Christian art is the representation of truth,
virtues, vices, etc., by emblematic colors, signs, and
forms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A system of symbols or
representations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
practice of using symbols, or the system of notation developed
thereby.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A combining together of parts
or ingredients.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>The science of creeds;
symbolics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym"bol*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who employs
symbols.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sym`bol*is"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Sym`bol*is"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characterized by the use of symbols; as,
<i>symbolistic</i> poetry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym`bol*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>symbolisation</i>.] <def>The act of symbolizing; symbolical
representation.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sym"bol*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Symbolized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Symbolizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>symboliser</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To have a resemblance of qualities or
properties; to correspond; to harmonize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pleasing of color <i>symbolizeth</i> with the
pleasing of any single tone to the ear; but the pleasing of order doth
<i>symbolize</i> with harmony.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They both <i>symbolize</i> in this, that they love to
look upon themselves through multiplying glasses.</blockquote>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hold the same faith; to agree.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The believers in pretended miracles have always
previously <i>symbolized</i> with the performers of them.</blockquote>
<i>G. S. Faber.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To use symbols; to represent ideas
symbolically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym"bol*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make to agree in properties or qualities.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make representative of something; to
regard or treat as symbolic.</def> "Some <i>symbolize</i> the same
from the mystery of its colors."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To represent by a symbol or
symbols.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym"bol*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
symbolizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym`bo*log"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to a symbology; versed in, or characterized by, symbology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym*bol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
practices, or who is versed in, symbology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym*bol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Symbol</i> +
<i>-logy</i>.] <def>The art of expressing by symbols.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sym*bran"chi*i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; a gill.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
order of slender eel-like fishes having the gill openings confluent
beneath the neck. The pectoral arch is generally attached to the
skull, and the entire margin of the upper jaw is formed by the
premaxillary. Called also <i>Symbranchia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym"me*tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Commensurable;
symmetrical.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sym*me"tri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One eminently
studious of symmetry of parts.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sym*met"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Symmetrical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym*met"ric*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sym&eacute;trique</i>. See <u>Symmetry</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Involving or exhibiting symmetry; proportional in parts; having
its parts in due proportion as to dimensions; as, a <i>symmetrical</i>
body or building.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having the organs or parts
of one side corresponding with those of the other; having the parts in
two or more series of organs the same in number; exhibiting a
symmetry.  See <u>Symmetry</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having an
equal number of parts in the successive circles of floral organs; --
said of flowers.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having a likeness in
the form and size of floral organs of the same kind;
regular.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Having a common measure;
commensurable.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having corresponding
parts or relations.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A curve or a plane figure is <i>symmetrical</i> with respect
to a given line, and a line, surface, or solid with respect to a
plane, when for each point on one side of the line or plane there is a
corresponding point on the other side, so situated that the line
joining the two corresponding points is perpendicular to the line or
plane and is bisected by it. Two solids are <i>symmetrical</i> when
they are so situated with respect to an intervening plane that the
several points of their surfaces thus correspond to each other in
position and distance. In analysis, an expression is
<i>symmetrical</i> with respect to several letters when any two of
them may change places without affecting the expression; as, the
expression <i>a<sup>2</sup>b + ab<sup>2</sup> + a<sup>2</sup>c +
ac<sup>2</sup> + b<sup>2</sup>c + bc<sup>2</sup></i>, is
<i>symmetrical</i> with respect to the letters <i>a</i>, <i>b</i>,
<i>c</i>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Sym*met"ric*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sym*met"ric*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sym`me*tri"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Symmetrian</u>.</def> [R.]  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sym"me*trist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One eminently
studious of symmetry of parts.</def>  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sym"me*trize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Symmetrized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Symmetrizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F.
<i>sym&eacute;triser</i>.] <def>To make proportional in its parts; to
reduce to symmetry.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sym"me*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>symmetria</i>,
Gr. &?;; <grk>sy`n</grk> with, together + &?; a measure: cf. F.
<i>sym&eacute;trie</i>. See <u>Syn-</u>, and <u>Meter</u> rhythm.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A due proportion of the several parts of a
body to each other; adaptation of the form or dimensions of the
several parts of a thing to each other; the union and conformity of
the members of a work to the whole.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The law of likeness;
similarity of structure; regularity in form and arrangement; orderly
and similar distribution of parts, such that an animal may be divided
into parts which are structurally symmetrical.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Bilateral symmetry</i>, or <i>two-sidedness</i>, in
vertebrates, etc., is that in which the body can be divided into
symmetrical halves by a vertical plane passing through the middle;
<i>radial symmetry</i>, as in echinoderms, is that in which the
individual parts are arranged symmetrically around a central axis;
<i>serial symmetry</i>, or <i>zonal symmetry</i>, as in earthworms, is
that in which the segments or metameres of the body are disposed in a
zonal manner one after the other in a longitudinal axis. This last is
sometimes called <i>metamerism</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Equality
in the number of parts of the successive circles in a flower.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Likeness in the form and size of floral
organs of the same kind; regularity.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Axis of symmetry</b></col>. <i>(Geom.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Axis</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Respective symmetry</b></col>, <cd>that
disposition of parts in which only the opposite sides are equal to
each other.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sym`pa*thet"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sympathy</u>, and cf. <u>Pathetic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Inclined to sympathy; sympathizing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Far wiser he, whose <i>sympathetic</i> mind<BR>
Exults in all the good of all mankind.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Produced by, or expressive of,
sympathy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ope the sacred source of <i>sympathetic</i>
tears.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Produced by sympathy; -- applied particularly to symptoms or
affections. See <u>Sympathy</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or
relating to the sympathetic nervous system or some of its branches;
produced by stimulation on the sympathetic nervious system or some
part of it; as, the <i>sympathetic</i> saliva, a modified form of
saliva, produced from some of the salivary glands by stimulation of a
sympathetic nerve fiber.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sympathetic ink</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Ink</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sympathetic nerve</b></col>
<i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>any nerve of the sympathetic system; especially,
the axial chain of ganglions and nerves belonging to the sympathetic
system.</cd> -- <col><b>Sympathetic powder</b></col> <i>(Alchemy)</i>,
<cd>a kind of powder long supposed to be able to cure a wound if
applied to the weapon that inflicted it, or even to a portion of the
bloody clothes.</cd> <i>Dunglison.</i> -- <col><b>Sympathetic
sounds</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>sounds produced from solid
bodies by means of vibrations which have been communicated to them
from some other sounding body, by means of the air or an intervening
solid.</cd> -- <col><b>Sympathetic system</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>,
<cd>a system of nerves and nerve ganglions connected with the
alimentary canal, the vascular system, and the glandular organs of
most vertebrates, and controlling more or less their actions. The
axial part of the system and its principal ganglions and nerves are
situated in the body cavity and form a chain of ganglions on each side
of the vertebral column connected with numerous other ganglions and
nerve plexuses.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sym`pa*thet"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sympathetic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym`pa*thet"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
sympathetic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym"pa*thist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
sympathizes; a sympathizer.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sym"pa*thize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sympathized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sympathizing</u> (?).] [F. <i>sympathiser</i>. See
<u>Sympathy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To have a common feeling, as
of bodily pleasure or pain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mind will <i>sympathize</i> so much with the
anguish and debility of the body, that it will be too distracted to
fix itself in meditation.</blockquote> <i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To feel in consequence of what another
feels; to be affected by feelings similar to those of another, in
consequence of knowing the person to be thus affected.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their countrymen . . . <i>sympathized</i> with their
heroes in all their adventures.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To agree; to be in accord; to
harmonize.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sym"pa*thize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To experience together.</def> [Obs.] "This <i>sympathized</i> . .
. error."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To ansew to; to correspond to.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sym"pa*thi`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
sympathizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym"pa*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sympathies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>sympathie</i>, L.
<i>sympathia</i>, Gr. &?;; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; suffering,
passion, fr. &?;, &?;, to suffer. See <u>Syn-</u>, and <u>Pathos</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Feeling corresponding to that which another
feels; the quality of being affected by the affection of another, with
feelings correspondent in kind, if not in degree; fellow-
feeling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They saw, but other sight instead -- a crowd<BR>
Of ugly serpents! Horror on them fell,<BR>
And horrid <i>sympathy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An agreement of affections or inclinations,
or a conformity of natural temperament, which causes persons to be
pleased, or in accord, with one another; as, there is perfect
<i>sympathy</i> between them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Kindness of feeling toward one who suffers;
pity; commiseration; compassion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I value myself upon <i>sympathy</i>, I hate and despise
myself for envy.</blockquote> <i>Kames.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
reciprocal influence exercised by the various organs or parts of the
body on one another, as manifested in the transmission of a disease by
unknown means from one organ to another quite remote, or in the
influence exerted by a diseased condition of one part on another part
or organ, as in the vomiting produced by a tumor of the brain.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>That relation which exists between different
persons by which one of them produces in the others a state or
condition like that of himself. This is shown in the tendency to yawn
which a person often feels on seeing another yawn, or the strong
inclination to become hysteric experienced by many women on seeing
another person suffering with hysteria.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A tendency of inanimate things to unite, or
to act on each other; as, the <i>sympathy</i> between the loadstone
and iron.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Similarity of function, use office, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The adverb has most <i>sympathy</i> with the
verb.</blockquote> <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Pity; fellow-feeling; compassion; commiseration;
tenderness; condolence; agreement.  -- <u>Sympathy</u>,
<u>Commiseration</u>. <i>Sympathy</i> is literally a fellow-feeling
with others in their varied conditions of joy or of grief. This term,
however, is now more commonly applied to a fellow-feeling with others
under affliction, and then coincides very nearly with
<i>commiseration</i>. In this case it is commonly followed by
<i>for</i>; as, to feel <i>sympathy</i> for a friend when we see him
distressed. The verb <i>sympathize</i> is followed by <i>with</i>; as,
to <i>sympathize</i> with a friend in his distresses or enjoyments.
"Every man would be a distinct species to himself, were there no
<i>sympathy</i> among individuals." <i>South.</i> See <u>Pity</u>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Fault,<BR>
Acknowledged and deplored, in Adam wrought<BR>
<i>Commiseration</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sym*pet"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sym-
</i> + <i>petal</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the petals united;
gamopetalous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym*phon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Symphonious.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Relating to, or in the manner
of, symphony; as, the <i>symphonic</i> form or style of
composition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym*pho"ni*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Symphony</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Agreeing in sound;
accordant; harmonious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Followed with acclamation and the sound<BR>
<i>Symphonious</i> of ten thousand harps.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Symphonic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym"pho*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>symphoniste</i>.] <def>A composer of symphonies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym"pho*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Symphonized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Symphonizing</u> (?).] <def>To agree; to be in
harmony.</def> [R.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sym"pho*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Symphonies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>symphonie</i> (cf. It.
<i>sinfonia</i>), L. <i>symphonia</i>, Gr. &?;; <grk>sy`n</grk> with +
&?; a sound, the voice. See <u>Phonetic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A consonance or harmony of sounds, agreeable to the ear, whether
the sounds are vocal or instrumental, or both.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The trumpets sound,<BR>
And warlike <i>symphony</i> in heard around.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stringed instrument formerly in use,
somewhat resembling the virginal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With harp and pipe and <i>symphony</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
elaborate instrumental composition for a full orchestra, consisting
usually, like the sonata, of three or four contrasted yet inwardly
related movements, as the allegro, the adagio, the minuet and trio, or
scherzo, and the finale in quick time. The term has recently been
applied to large orchestral works in freer form, with arguments or
programmes to explain their meaning, such as the "symphonic poems" of
Liszt. The term was formerly applied to any composition for an
orchestra, as overtures, etc., and still earlier, to certain
compositions partly vocal, partly instrumental.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An instrumental passage at the beginning or
end, or in the course of, a vocal composition; a prelude, interlude,
or postude; a ritornello.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sym*phy"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; a clan.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order
of small apterous insects having an elongated body, with three pairs
of thoracic and about nine pairs of abdominal legs. They are, in many
respects, intermediate between myriapods and true insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym*phys"e*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to to symphysis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym`phy*se*ot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>symphysis pubis</i> + Gr. &?; to cut.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The
operation of dividing the symphysis pubis for the purpose of
facilitating labor; -- formerly called the <i>Sigualtian
section</i>.</def> [Written also <i>symphysotomy</i>.]
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sym"phy*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Symphyses</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to make to
grow together; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to cause to grow; to grow.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An articulation formed by
intervening cartilage; as, the pubic <i>symphysis</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The union or coalescence of bones; also, the
place of union or coalescence; as, the <i>symphysis</i> of the lower
jaw.  Cf. <u>Articulation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym`phy*sot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Symphyseotomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym"phy*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; grown
together.] <def>Coalescence; a growing into one with another
word.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Some of the phrasal adverbs have assumed the form of
single words, by that <i>symphytism</i> which naturally attaches these
light elements to each other.</blockquote> <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sym`pi*e*som"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
compression (fr. &?; to press together; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to
press, squeeze) + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>A sensitive kind of barometer,
in which the pressure of the atmosphere, acting upon a liquid, as oil,
in the lower portion of the instrument, compresses an elastic gas in
the upper part.</def></p>

<p>
&fist; The column of oil of a lower part <i>BC</i> of a glass tube
compresses hydrogen gas in the upper part <i>AB</i>, and is thus
measured on the scale <i>pq</i> by the position of a surface of the
oil in the tube. The scale <i>pq</i> is adjustable, and its index must
be set to the division on the scale <i>rs</i> corresponding to the
temperature indicated by the termometer <i>t</i>, in order to correct
for the effects of temperature on the gas. It is sensitive, and
convenient for use at sea, but inferior in accuracy to the mercurial
barometer.</p>

<p><hw>Sym*plec"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; plaiting
together, fr. &?; to plait together.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Plaiting or
joining together; -- said of a bone next above the quadrate in the
mandibular suspensorium of many fishes, which unites together the
other bones of the suspensorium.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The symplectic bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sym"plo*ce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?; an
interweaving, fr. &?; to twine together; &?; + &?; to twine.]
<i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>The repetition of a word or phrase at the
beginning and another at the end of successive clauses; as,
<i>Justice</i> came down from heaven to view <i>the earth</i>;
<i>Justice</i> returned to heaven, and left <i>the
earth</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1463 !></p>

<p><hw>Sym"pode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
sympodium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym*po"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Composed of superposed branches in such a way as to imitate a
simple axis; as, a <i>sympodial</i> stem.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sym*po"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sympodia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>sy`n</grk> with +
&?;, dim. of &?;, &?;, foot.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An axis or stem
produced by dichotomous branching in which one of the branches is
regularly developed at the expense of the other, as in the
grapevine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym*po"si*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>symposiacus</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>Of or pertaining to compotations
and merrymaking; happening where company is drinking together; as,
<i>symposiac</i> meetings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Symposiac</i> disputations amongst my
acquaintance.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sym*po"si*ac</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A conference or
conversation of philosophers at a banquet; hence, any similar
gathering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym*po"si*arch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;;
&?; a symposium + &?; to be first, to rule.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i>
<def>The master of a feast.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Sym*po"si*ast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One engaged
with others at a banquet or merrymaking.</def>  <i>Sydney
Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sym*po"si*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>A
drinking together; a symposium.</def> "Our <i>symposion</i> last
night."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sym*po"si*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Symposia</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. <grk>sympo`sion</grk> a
drinking party, feast; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + <grk>po`sis</grk> a
drinking. See <u>Syn-</u>, and cf. <u>Potable</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A drinking together; a merry feast.</def>  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A collection of short essays by different
authors on a common topic; -- so called from the appellation given to
the philosophical dialogue by the Greeks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Symp"tom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sympt&ocirc;me</i>, Gr. &?; anything that has befallen one, a
chance, causality, symptom, fr. &?; to fall together; <grk>sy`n</grk>
with + &?; to fall; akin to Skr. <i>pat</i> to fly, to fall. See
<u>Syn-</u>, and cf. <u>Asymptote</u>, <u>Feather</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Any affection which accompanies
disease; a perceptible change in the body or its functions, which
indicates disease, or the kind or phases of disease; as, the causes of
disease often lie beyond our sight, but we learn their nature by the
<i>symptoms</i> exhibited.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like the sick man, we are expiring with all sorts of
good <i>symptoms</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sign or token; that which indicates the
existence of something else; as, corruption in elections is a
<i>symptom</i> of the decay of public virtue.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Mark; note; sign; token; indication.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Symp`tom*at"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Symp`tom*at"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>symptomatique</i>, Gr. &?; causal.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to symptoms; happening in
concurrence with something; being a symptom; indicating the existence
of something else.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Symptomatic</i> of a shallow understanding and an
unamiable temper.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>According to symptoms; as, a
<i>symptomatical</i> classification of diseases.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Symp`tom*at"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Symp`tom*a*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
&?;, symptom + <i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>symptomatologie</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>The doctrine of symptoms; that part of the science
of medicine which treats of the symptoms of diseases;
semeiology.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It includes <i>diagnosis</i>, or the determination of the
disease from its symptoms; and <i>prognosis</i>, or the determination
of its probable course and event.</p>

<p><hw>Syn-</hw> (?). [Gr. <grk>sy`n</grk> with.] <def>A prefix
meaning <i>with</i>, <i>along with</i>, <i>together</i>, <i>at the
same time</i>. <i>Syn-</i> becomes <i>sym-</i> before <i>p</i>,
<i>b</i>, and <i>m</i>, and <i>syl-</i> before <i>l</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Syn*ac"me</hw> (?), <hw>Syn*ac"my</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>synacme</i>. See <u>Syn-</u>, and
<u>Acme</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Synanthesis</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Syn*&aelig;r"e*sis</hw>, <hw>Syn*er"e*sis</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a taking or drawing together,
fr. &?; to take together; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to take, to
grasp. See <u>Syn-</u>, and <u>Heresy</u>.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The
union, or drawing together into one syllable, of two vowels that are
ordinarily separated in syllabification; synecphonesis; -- the
opposite of <i>di&aelig;resis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn`a*gog"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a synagogue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"a*gogue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from L.
<i>synagoga</i>, Gr. &?; a bringing together, an assembly, a
synagogue, fr. &?; to bring together; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to
lead. See <u>Syn-</u>, and <u>Agent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
congregation or assembly of Jews met for the purpose of worship, or
the performance of religious rites.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The building or place appropriated to the
religious worship of the Jews.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The council of, probably, 120 members among
the Jews, first appointed after the return from the Babylonish
captivity; -- called also the <i>Great Synagogue</i>, and sometimes,
though erroneously, the <i>Sanhedrin</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A congregation in the early Christian
church.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My brethren, . . . if there come into your
<i>synagogue</i> a man with a gold ring.</blockquote> <i>James ii. 1,2
(Rev. Ver.).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Any assembly of men.</def> [Obs. or R.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn`a*le"pha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>synaloepha</i>, Gr. &?;, from &?; to melt together; <grk>sy`n</grk>
with + &?; to besmear.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A contraction of syllables
by suppressing some vowel or diphthong at the end of a word, before
another vowel or diphthong; as, <i>th' army</i>, for <i>the
army</i>.</def> [Written also <i>synal&oelig;pha</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Syn`al*lag*mat"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, from &?;
a mutual agreement, contract, fr. &?; to exchange, negotiate with;
<grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to change.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Imposing
reciprocal obligations upon the parties; as, a <i>synallagmatic</i>
contract.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn`al*lax"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From Gr. &?; to
associate with.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the outer and middle
toes partially united; -- said of certain birds related to the
creepers.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn`a*l&oelig;"pha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>Same as <u>Synalepha</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn*an"gi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Synangia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; + &?; a hollow
vessel.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The divided part beyond the pylangium in
the aortic trunk of the amphibian heart.</def> --
<wf>Syn*an"gi*al</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Syn*an"ther*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>syn-
</i> + anther.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the stamens united by their
anthers; as, <i>synantherous</i> flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn`an*the"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>sy`n</grk> with + Gr. &?; bloom.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
simultaneous maturity of the anthers and stigmas of a blossom.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn*an"thous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>syn-</i>
+ Gr. &?; flower.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having flowers and leaves which
appear at the same time; -- said of certain plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*an"throse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From NL.
<i>Synanther&aelig;</i> the Composit&aelig;; Gr. <grk>sy`n</grk> with
+ &?; blooming.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A variety of sugar, isomeric with
sucrose, found in the tubers of the Jerusalem artichoke (<i>Helianthus
tuberosus</i>), in the dahlia, and other Composit&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn*ap"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
fastened together; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to fasten.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of slender, transparent holothurians
which have delicate calcareous anchors attached to the dermal plates.
See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*ap"tase</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; fastened
together + dias<i>tase</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A ferment resembling
diastase, found in bitter almonds.  Cf. <u>Amygdalin</u>, and
<u>Emulsin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn`ap*tic"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Synapticul&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., dim. from Gr. &?;
fastened together.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of numerous
calcareous processes which extend between, and unite, the adjacent
septa of certain corals, especially of the fungian corals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"ar*chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
rule jointly with; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to rule.] <def>Joint
rule or sovereignity.</def> [R.]  <i>Stackhouse.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn`ar*te"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
a fastening together, fr. &?; to fasten together.] <def>A fastening or
knitting together; the state of being closely jointed; close
union.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Syn`ar*thro"di*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Synarthrosis.</def> -- <wf>Syn`ar*thro"di*al</wf>
(#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Syn`ar*thro"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Synarthroses</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a being jointed
together, fr. &?; to link or joint together; <grk>sy`n</grk> with +
&?; a joint.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Immovable articulation by close
union, as in sutures. It sometimes includes symphysial articulations
also. See the Note under <u>Articulation</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"as*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>syn-</i> +
Gr. &?; a star.] <def>Concurrence of starry position or influence;
hence, similarity of condition, fortune, etc., as prefigured by
astrological calculation.</def> [R.]  <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn*ax"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; to bring together. See <u>Synagogue</u>.] <def>A congregation;
also, formerly, the Lord's Supper.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn"carp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>syncarpium</i>.
See <u>Syncarpous</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of aggregate fruit
in which the ovaries cohere in a solid mass, with a slender
receptacle, as in the magnolia; also, a similar multiple fruit, as a
mulberry.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn*car"pi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Syncarpia</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Syncarp</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*car"pous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>syn-</i>
+ Gr. &?; a fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Composed of several carpels
consolidated into one ovary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*cat`e*gor`e*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; a predicate. See <u>Syn-</u>, and
<u>Categorematic</u>.] <i>(Logic)</i> <def>Not capable of being used
as a term by itself; -- said of words, as an adverb or
preposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn`chon*dro"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Synchondroses</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;;
<grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; cartilage.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>An
immovable articulation in which the union is formed by
cartilage.</def> -- <wf>Syn`chon*dro"si*al</wf>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Syn`chon*drot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
union by cartilage + &?; to cut.] <i>(Surg.)</i>
<def>Symphyseotomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn`cho*re"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; a going.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A
concession made for the purpose of retorting with greater
force.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"chro*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Synchronous</u>.] <def>Happening at, or belonging to, the same
time; synchronous; simultaneous.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn"chro*nal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A synchronal thing
or event.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*chron"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>synchronique</i>.] <def>Happening at the same time;
synchronous.</def> <i>Boyle.</i> -- <wf>Syn*chron"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Syn"chro*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
to be contemporary with, from &?; synchronous. See
<u>Synchronous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The concurrence of events
in time; simultaneousness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The tabular arrangement of historical
events and personages, according to their dates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>A representation, in the
same picture, of two or events which occured at different
times.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn`chro*nis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to synchronism; arranged according to correspondence in
time; as, <i>synchronistic</i> tables.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn`chro*ni*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of synchronizing; concurrence of events in respect to time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"chro*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Synchronized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Synchronizing</u> (?).] [Gr. &?;.] <def>To agree in
time; to be simultaneous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The path of this great empire, through its arch of
progress, <i>synchronized</i> with that of Christianity.</blockquote>
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn"chro*nize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To assign to the same date or period of time; as, to
<i>synchronize</i> two events of Greek and Roman history.</def>
"Josephus <i>synchronizes</i> Nisan with the Egyptian Pharmus."  <i>W.
L. Bevan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to agree in time; as, to
<i>synchronize</i> the movements of different machines; to
<i>synchronize</i> clocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn`chro*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>syn-
</i> + Gr. &?; time + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>Contemporaneous
chronology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"chro*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; time.  Cf. <u>Chronicle</u>.]
<def>Happening at the same time; simultaneous.</def> --
<wf>Syn"chro*nous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Syn"chro*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The concurrence
of events in time; synchronism.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Geological contemporaneity is the same as chronological
<i>synchrony</i>.</blockquote> <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Syn"chy*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; to confound; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to pour.] <def>A
derangement or confusion of any kind, as of words in a sentence, or of
humors in the eye.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sparkling synchysis</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a
condition in which the vitreous humor is softened and contains
sparkling scales of cholesterin.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Syn*clas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>syn-</i>
+ Gr. <grk>kla^n</grk> to break.] <i>(Math. Physics)</i> <def>Curved
toward the same side in all directions; -- said of surfaces which in
all directions around any point bend away from a tangent plane toward
the same side, as the surface of a sphere; -- opposed to
anticlastic.</def>  <i>Sir W. Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn*cli"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to incline
together; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to incline.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Inclined downward from opposite directions, so as to meet in a
common point or line.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Formed by strata dipping
toward a common line or plane; as, a <i>synclinal</i> trough or
valley; a <i>synclinal</i> fold; -- opposed to
<i>anticlinal</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A downward flexure in the case of folded rocks makes a
<i>synclinal</i> axis, and the alternating upward flexure an
<i>anticlinal</i> axis.</p>

<p><hw>Syn*cli"nal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A
synclinal fold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*cline"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A
synclinal fold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*clin"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Synclinal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Syn`cli*no"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Synclinoria</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; to lay together +
&?; mountain.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A mountain range owing its origin
to the progress of a geosynclinal, and ending in a catastrophe of
displacement and upturning.</def>  <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn"co*pal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to syncope; resembling syncope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"co*pate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Syncopated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Syncopating</u>.] [LL. <i>syncopatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>syncopare</i> to syncopate, to swoon. See <u>Syncope</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>To contract, as a word, by
taking one or more letters or syllables from the middle; as, "Gloster"
is a <i>syncopated</i> form of "Gloucester."</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To commence, as a tone, on an
unaccented part of a measure, and continue it into the following
accented part, so that the accent is driven back upon the weak part
and the rhythm drags.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn`co*pa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The act of syncopating; the
contraction of a word by taking one or more letters or syllables from
the middle; syncope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The act of syncopating; a
peculiar figure of rhythm, or rhythmical alteration, which consists in
welding into one tone the second half of one beat with the first half
of the beat which follows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"co*pe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>syncope</i>,
<i>syncopa</i>, Gr. &?; a cutting up, a syncope; akin to &?; to beat
together, to cut up, cut short, weavy; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to
strike, cut.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>An elision or
retrenchment of one or more letters or syllables from the middle of a
word; as, <i>ne'er</i> for <i>never</i>, <i>ev'ry</i> for
<i>every</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Syncopation</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A fainting, or swooning. See
<u>Fainting</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A pause or cessation; suspension.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Revely, and dance, and show,<BR>
Suffer a <i>syncope</i> and solemn pause.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn"co*pist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
syncopates.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn"co*pize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
syncopate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*cot`y*led"on*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>syn-</i> + <i>cotyledonous</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having united
cotyledonous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*cret"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Uniting and
blending together different systems, as of philosophy, morals, or
religion.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn"cre*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
to make two parties join against a third: cf. F.
<i>syncr&eacute;tisme</i>.] <def>Attempted union of principles or
parties irreconcilably at variance with each other.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is plotting a carnal <i>syncretism</i>, and
attempting the reconcilement of Christ and Belial.</blockquote>
<i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Syncretism</i> is opposed to eclecticism in
philosophy.</blockquote> <i>Krauth-Fleming.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn"cre*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>syncr&eacute;tiste</i>.] <def>One who attempts to unite principles
or parties which are irreconcilably at variance;</def> specifically
<i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>, <def>an adherent of George Calixtus and other
Germans of the seventeenth century, who sought to unite or reconcile
the Protestant sects with each other and with the Roman Catholics, and
thus occasioned a long and violent controversy in the Lutheran
church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn`cre*tis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or characterized by,
syncretism; as, a <i>syncretistic</i> mixture of the service of
Jehovah and the worship of idols.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to Syncretists.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn"cri*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
a comparison; &?; together + &?; to judge.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A
figure of speech in which opposite things or persons are
compared.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1464 !></p>

<p><hw>||Syn*cy"ti*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Syncitia</b></plw> (#). [NL., from Gr. &?; together + &?; a
hollow vessel.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Tissue in which
the cell or partition walls are wholly wanting and the cell bodies
fused together, so that the tissue consists of a continuous mass of
protoplasm in which nuclei are imbedded, as in ordinary striped
muscle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The ectoderm of a
sponge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*dac"tyle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>syn-</i>
+ Gr. &?; finger, toe: cf. F. <i>syndactyle</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any bird having syndactilous feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*dac*tyl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Syndactilous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*dac"tyl*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the toes firmly united together for
some distance, and without an intermediate web, as the kingfishers;
gressorial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn`des*mog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
band, bond + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>A description of the ligaments;
syndesmology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn`des*mol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; band,
bond + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>That part of anatomy which treats of
ligaments.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn`des*mo"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Syndesmoses</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a bond; &?;
together + &?; a bond, fr. &?; to bind.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>An
articulation formed by means of ligaments.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Syn*det"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Syn*det"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, from &?; to bind together;
<grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to bind; cf. <u>Asyndetic</u>.]
<def>Connecting; conjunctive; as, <i>syndetic</i> words or
connectives; <i>syndetic</i> references in a dictionary.</def> --
<wf>Syn*det"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>With the <i>syndetic</i> juxtaposition of distinct
members, the article is not often repeated.</blockquote> <i>C. J.
Grece (Trans. Maetzner's Gram.).</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn"dic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>syndictus</i>,
Gr. &?; helping in a court of justice, advocate; <grk>sy`n</grk> with
+ &?; justice, akin to &?; to show: cf. F. <i>syndic</i>. See
<u>Teach</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An officer of government,
invested with different powers in different countries; a
magistrate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An agent of a corporation, or
of any body of men engaged in a business enterprise; an advocate or
patron; an assignee.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In France, <i>syndics</i> are appointed by the creditors of
a bankrupt to manage the property. Almost all the companies in Paris,
the university, and the like, have their <i>syndics</i>. The
university of Cambridge, Eng., has its <i>syndics</i>, who are chosen
from the senate to transact special business, such as the regulation
of fees, the framing of laws, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Syn"di*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>syndicat</i>, LL. <i>syndicatus</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
office or jurisdiction of a syndic; a council, or body of
syndics.</def>  <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An association of persons officially
authorized to undertake some duty or to negotiate some business; also,
an association of persons who combine to carry out, on their own
account, a financial or industrial project; as, a <i>syndicate</i> of
bankers formed to take up and dispose of an entire issue of government
bonds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"di*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>syndicatus</i>, p. p. of <i>syndicare</i> to censure.] <def>To
judge; to censure.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Syn"dro*me</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;;
<grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; a course, a running.]
<def>Concurrence.</def> [R.]  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn`dy*as"mi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>syndyasmo`s</grk> a pairing, fr. <grk>syndya`zein</grk> to pair.]
<def>Pertaining to the state of pairing together sexually; -- said of
animals during periods of procreation and while rearing their
offspring.</def>  <i>Morgan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syne</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>Since</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Afterwards; since; ago.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]
<i>R. of Brunne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Late, -- as opposed to
<i>soon</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Each rogue] shall be discovered either soon or
<i>syne</i>.</blockquote> <i>W. Hamilton (Life of Wallace).</i></p>

<p><hw>Syne</hw>, <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>Since; seeing.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Syn*ec"do*che</hw> (s&ibreve;n*&ebreve;k"d&osl;*k&esl;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>synecdoche</i>, Gr.
<grk>synekdochh`</grk>, fr.  to receive jointly; <grk>sy`n</grk> with
+ &?; to receive; &?; out + &?; to receive.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A
figure or trope by which a part of a thing is put for the whole (as,
fifty <i>sail</i> for fifty <i>ships</i>), or the whole for a part
(as, the smiling <i>year</i> for <i>spring</i>), the species for the
genus (as, <i>cutthroat</i> for <i>assassin</i>), the genus for the
species (as, a <i>creature</i> for a <i>man</i>), the name of the
material for the thing made, etc.</def>  <i>Bain.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn`ec*doch"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Expressed
by synecdoche; implying a synecdoche.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Isis is used for Themesis by a <i>synecdochical</i>
kind of speech, or by a poetical liberty, in using one for
another.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn`ec*doch"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
synecdoche.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn*e"chi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; to hold together; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to hold.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease of the eye, in which the iris adheres to
the cornea or to the capsule of the crystalline lens.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn*ec`pho*ne"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to utter together.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A contraction
of two syllables into one; synizesis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*e"dral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; sitting
with; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + <grk>"e`dra</grk> seat.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Growing on the angles of a stem, as the leaves in some species of
Selaginella.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn`en*tog"na*thi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>sy`n</grk> with + <grk>'ento`s</grk> within +
<grk>gna`qos</grk> jaw.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of fishes,
resembling the Physoclisti, without spines in the dorsal, anal, and
ventral fins. It includes the true flying fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"e*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; a word.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>The
interjunction, or joining, of words in uttering the clauses of
sentences.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*er"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Syn&aelig;resis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn`er*get"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
to work together; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + <grk>'e`rgon</grk> work.]
<def>Working together; co&ouml;perating; as, <i>synergetic</i>
muscles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"er*gism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Synergetic</u>.] <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>The doctrine or theory,
attributed to Melanchthon, that in the regeneration of a human soul
there is a co&ouml;peration, or joint agency, on the part both of God
and of man.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"er*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>synergiste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who holds the doctrine
of synergism.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A remedy which has an action
similar to that of another remedy, and hence increases the efficiency
of that remedy when combined with it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn`er*gis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to synergism.</def> "A
<i>synergistic</i> view of regeneration."  <i>Shedd.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Co&ouml;perating; synergetic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"er*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. See
<u>Synergetic</u>.] <def>Combined action</def>; especially
<i>(Med.)</i>, <def>the combined healthy action of every organ of a
particular system; as, the digestive <i>synergy</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn`ge*ne"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>sy`n</grk> with, together + &?; generation, birth.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Linn&aelig;an class of plants in which the
stamens are united by the anthers.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Syn`ge*ne"sian</hw> (?), <hw>Syn`ge*ne"sious</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the stamens united by
the anthers; of or pertaining to the Syngenesia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>syn-</i>
+ <i>genesis</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A theory of generation in which
each germ is supposed to contain the germs of all subsequent
generations; -- the opposite of <i>epigenesis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syng"na*thi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; jaw.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A suborder
of lophobranch fishes which have an elongated snout and lack the
ventral and first dorsal fins.  The pipefishes and sea horses are
examples.</def> -- <wf>Syng"na*thous</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Syn"graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>syngrapha</i>,
Gr. &?;; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to write.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
writing signed by both or all the parties to a contract or
bond.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn`i*ze"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; to sit together; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to sit.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An obliteration of the pupil of
the eye.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A contraction of two
syllables into one; synecphonesis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn`neo*ro"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Synneuroses</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;; <grk>sy`n</grk>
with + &?; a sinew, ligament.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Syndesmosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn"o*cha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
holding together. See <u>Synechia</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See
<u>Synochus</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Syn"o*chal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to synocha; like synocha.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Syn"o*chus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;
joined together.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A continuous fever.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Synocha</i> and <i>synochus</i> were used as epithets of
two distinct types of fever, but in different senses at different
periods. The same disease is placed under synocha by one author, under
synochus by another.  <i>Quain.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn"o*cil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>syn-</i> +
<i>cil</i>ium.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sense organ found in
certain sponges. It consists of several filaments, each of which
arises from a single cell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"od</hw> (s&ibreve;n"&ubreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>synodus</i>, Gr. <grk>sy`nodos</grk> a meeting; <grk>sy`n</grk>
with + <grk>"odo`s</grk> a way; cf. AS. <i>sino&eth;</i>,
<i>seno&eth;</i>, F. <i>synode</i>, both from the Latin.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>An ecclesiastic council
or meeting to consult on church matters.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Synods</i> are of four kinds: 1. <i>General</i>, or
<i>ecumenical</i>, which are composed of bishops from different
nations; -- commonly called <i>general council</i>. 2.
<i>National</i>, composed of bishops of one nation only. 3.
<i>Provincial</i>, in which the bishops of only one province meet; --
called also <i>convocations</i>. 4. <i>Diocesan</i>, a synod in which
the bishop of the diocese or his representative presides.
    Among Presbyterians, a <i>synod</i> is composed of several
adjoining presbyteries. The members are the ministers and a ruling
elder from each parish.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An assembly or council having civil
authority; a legislative body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It hath in solemn <i>synods</i> been decreed,<BR>
Both by the Syracusians and ourselves,<BR>
To admit no traffic to our adverse towns.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Parent of gods and men, propitious Jove!<BR>
And you, bright <i>synod</i> of the powers above.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A conjunction of two or
more of the heavenly bodies.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn"od*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>synodalis</i>:
cf. F. <i>synodal</i>.] <def>Synodical.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn"od*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Ch.
of Eng.)</i> <def>A tribute in money formerly paid to the bishop or
archdeacon, at the time of his Easter visitation, by every parish
priest, now made to the ecclesiastical commissioners; a
procuration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Synodals</i> are due, of common right, to the bishop
only.</blockquote> <i>Gibson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A constitution made in a provincial or
diocesan synod.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Syn*od"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Syn*od"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>synodicus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>synodique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to a synod; transacted in, or authorized by, a synod; as,
<i>synodical</i> proceedings or forms.</def> "A <i>synodical</i>
epistle."  <i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Pertaining to conjunction,
especially to the period between two successive conjunctions;
extending from one conjunction, as of the moon or a planet with the
sun, to the next; as, a <i>synodical</i> month (see <i>Lunar
month</i>, under <u>Month</u>); the <i>synodical</i> revolution of the
moon or a planet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*od"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
synodical manner; in a synod; by the authority of a synod.</def>
"<i>Synodically</i> agreed upon."  <i>R. Nelson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn"od*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An adherent to a
synod.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These <i>synodists</i> thought fit in Latin as yet to
veil their decrees from vulgar eyes.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn*&oelig;"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>syn-
</i> + Gr. &?; house.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having stamens and pistil in
the same head, or, in mosses, having antheridia and archegonia on the
same receptacle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*om"o*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
swear with or together; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to swear.]
<def>Sworn brotherhood; a society in ancient Greece nearly resembling
a modern political club.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"o*nym</hw> (s&ibreve;n"&osl;*n&ibreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Synonyms</b></plw> (-
n&ibreve;mz). [F. <i>synonyme</i>, L. <i>synonyma</i>, pl. of
<i>synonymum</i>, Gr. <grk>synw`nymon</grk>. See <u>Synonymous</u>.]
<def>One of two or more words (commonly words of the same language)
which are equivalents of each other; one of two or more words which
have very nearly the same signification, and therefore may often be
used interchangeably. See under <u>Synonymous</u>.</def> [Written also
<i>synonyme</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All languages tend to clear themselves of
<i>synonyms</i> as intellectual culture advances, the superfluous
words being taken up and appropriated by new shades and combinations
of thought evolved in the progress of society.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His name has thus become, throughout all civilized
countries, a <i>synonym</i> for probity and philanthropy.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In popular literary acceptation, and as employed in
special dictionaries of such words, <i>synonyms</i> are words
sufficiently alike in general signification to be liable to be
confounded, but yet so different in special definition as to require
to be distinguished.</blockquote>  <i>G. P. Marsh.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Syn*on"y*ma</hw> (s&ibreve;n*&obreve;n"&ibreve;*m&adot;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.] <def>Synonyms.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn*on"y*mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Synonymous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Syn*on"y*mal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Synonymously.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Syn"o*nyme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Synonym</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn`o*nym"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>synonymik</i>. See <u>Synonymous</u>.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The
science, or the scientific treatment, of synonymous words.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Syn`o*nym"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Syn`o*nym"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to synonyms, or synonymic;
synonymous.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn`o*nym"i*con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>A
dictionary of synonyms.</def>  <i>C. J. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn*on"y*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>synonymiste</i>.] <def>One who collects or explains
synonyms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*on"y*mize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Synonymized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Synonymizing</u> (?).] <def>To express by a synonym or
synonyms; to give the synonym or synonyms corresponding to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This word "fortis" we may <i>synonymize</i> after all
these fashions: stout, hardy, valiant, doughty, courageous,
adventurous, brave, bold, daring, intrepid.</blockquote>
<i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn*on"y*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>sy`n</grk> with, together + &?;, &?;, name. See <u>Syn-</u>, and
<u>Name</u>.] <def>Having the character of a synonym; expressing the
same thing; conveying the same, or approximately the same, idea.</def>
-- <wf>Syn*on"y*mous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>These words consist of two propositions, which are not
distinct in sense, but one and the same thing variously expressed; for
wisdom and understanding are <i>synonymous</i> words
here.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Identical; interchangeable. -- <u>Synonymous</u>,
<u>Identical</u>. If no words are <i>synonymous</i> except those which
are <i>identical</i> in use and meaning, so that the one can in all
cases be substituted for the other, we have scarcely ten such words in
our language. But the term more properly denotes that the words in
question approach so near to each other, that, in many or most cases,
they can be used interchangeably. 1. Words may thus coincide in
<i>certain</i> connections, and so be interchanged, when they can not
be interchanged in other connections; thus we may speak either
<i>strength</i> of mind or of <i>force</i> of mind, but we say the
<i>force</i> (not <i>strength</i>) of gravitation. 2. Two words may
differ slightly, but this difference may be unimportant to the
speaker's object, so that he may freely interchange them; thus it
makes but little difference, in most cases, whether we speak of a
man's having <i>secured</i> his object or having <i>attained</i> his
object. For these and other causes we have numerous words which may,
in many cases or connections, be used interchangeably, and these are
properly called <i>synonyms</i>. <i>Synonymous</i> words "are words
which, with great and essential resemblances of meaning, have, at the
same time, small, subordinate, and partial differences, -- these
differences being such as either originally and on the ground of their
etymology inhered in them; or differences which they have by usage
acquired in the eyes of all; or such as, though nearly latent now,
they are capable of receiving at the hands of wise and discreet
masters of the tongue. <i>Synonyms</i> are words of like significance
in the main, but with a certain unlikeness as well."
<i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn*on"y*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>synonymia</i>, Gr. &?; a synonym: cf. F. <i>synonymie</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being synonymous; sameness of
meaning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A system of synonyms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure by which synonymous
words are used to amplify a discourse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*op"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Synopses</b></plw> (#). [L., from Gr. &?;; <grk>sy`n</grk>
with, together + &?; a sight, view, from the root seen in E.
<i>optic</i>.] <def>A general view, or a collection of heads or parts
so arranged as to exhibit a general view of the whole; an abstract or
summary of a discourse; a syllabus; a conspectus.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That the reader may see in one view the exactness of
the method, as well as force of the argument, I shall here draw up a
short <i>synopsis</i> of this epistle.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Warburton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Abridgment; compendium; epitome; abstract; summary;
syllabus; conspectus. See <u>Abridgment</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Syn*op"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Syn*op"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>synoptique</i>. See
<u>Synopsis</u>.] <def>Affording a general view of the whole, or of
the principal parts of a thing; as, a <i>synoptic</i> table; a
<i>synoptical</i> statement of an argument.</def> "The <i>synoptic</i>
Gospels." <i>Alford.</i> -- <wf>Syn*op"tic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Syn*op"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the first
three Gospels of the New Testament. See <u>Synoptist</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*op"tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any one of the
authors of the three synoptic Gospels, which give a history of our
Lord's life and ministry, in distinction from the writer of John's
Gospel, which gives a fuller record of his teachings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*os`te*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>syn-
</i> + Gr. &?; bone + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>That part of anatomy which
treats of joints; arthrology.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn*os`te*o"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Synosteoses</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>sy`n</grk> with
+ &?; bone.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Union by means of bone; the complete
closing up and obliteration of sutures.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn`os*to"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>Same
as <u>Synosteosis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn*o"vi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., perhaps fr.
Gr. <grk>sy`n</grk> with + L. <i>ovum</i> egg: cf. F. <i>synovie</i>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A transparent, viscid, lubricating fluid which
contains mucin and secreted by synovial membranes; synovial
fluid.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1465 !></p>

<p><hw>Syn*o"vi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>synovial</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to synovia;
secreting synovia.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Synovial capsule</b></col>, <cd>a closed sac of synovial
membrane situated between the articular surfaces at diarthrodial
joints.</cd> -- <col><b>Synovial fluid</b></col>, <cd>synovia.</cd> --
<col><b>Synovial membrane</b></col>, <cd>the dense and very smooth
connective tissue membrane which secretes synovia and surrounds
synovial capsules and other synovial cavities.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Syn`o*vi"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Synovia</u>, <u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the
synovial membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*pel"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>syn-</i>
+ &?; the sole of the foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the two
main flexor tendons of the toes blended together.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*sep"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>syn-
</i> + <i>sepal</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having united sepals;
gamosepalous.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Syn*tac"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Syn*tac"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. G. &?; putting together. See <u>Syntax</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to syntax; according to the rules of syntax, or
construction.</def> -- <wf>Syn*tac"tic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Syn"tax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>syntaxis</i>, Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; to put together in order; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to
put in order; cf. F. <i>syntaxe</i>. See <u>Syn-</u>, and
<u>Tactics</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Connected system or order;
union of things; a number of things jointed together; organism.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They owe no other dependence to the first than what is
common to the whole <i>syntax</i> of beings.</blockquote>
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That part of grammar which treats of the
construction of sentences; the due arrangement of words in sentences
in their necessary relations, according to established usage in any
language.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn*tax"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Syntax.</def>
[R.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn`te*re"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
preservation, fr. &?; to preserve; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to
guard.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Prophylaxis.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>Conscience viewed as the
internal repository of the laws of duty.</def>  <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn`te*ret"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Preserving health; prophylactic.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Syn`te*ret"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>That department of medicine which relates to the preservation of
health; prophylaxis.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Syn*ther"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>syn-</i>
+ <i>thermal</i>.] <def>Having the same degree of heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"the*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Syntheses</b></plw> (#). [L., a mixture, properly, a putting
together, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to place or put together; <grk>sy`n</grk>
with + &?; to place. See <u>Thesis</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Composition, or the putting of two or more things together, as in
compounding medicines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The art or process of making
a compound by putting the ingredients together, as contrasted with
<i>analysis</i>; thus, water is made by <i>synthesis</i> from hydrogen
and oxygen; hence, specifically, the building up of complex compounds
by special reactions, whereby their component radicals are so grouped
that the resulting substances are identical in every respect with the
natural articles when such occur; thus, artificial alcohol, urea,
indigo blue, alizarin, etc., are made by <i>synthesis</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>The combination of separate
elements of thought into a whole, as of simple into complex
conceptions, species into genera, individual propositions into
systems; -- the opposite of <i>analysis</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Analysis and <i>synthesis</i>, though commonly treated
as two different methods, are, if properly understood, only the two
necessary parts of the same method. Each is the relative and
correlative of the other.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn"the*sist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
employs synthesis, or who follows synthetic methods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"the*size</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To combine by synthesis; to unite.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To produce by synthesis; as, to
<i>synthesize</i> albumin.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Syn*thet"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Syn*thet"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>synth&eacute;tique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to synthesis; consisting in
synthesis or composition; as, the <i>synthetic</i> method of
reasoning, as opposed to <i>analytical</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Philosophers hasten too much from the analytic to the
<i>synthetic</i> method; that is, they draw general conclusions from
too small a number of particular observations and
experiments.</blockquote> <i>Bolingbroke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Artificial.  Cf.
<u>Synthesis</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Comprising within
itself structural or other characters which are usually found only in
two or more diverse groups; -- said of species, genera, and higher
groups. See the Note under <u>Comprehensive</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Synthetic</b></col>, or <col><b>Synthetical
language</b></col>, <cd>an inflectional language, or one characterized
by grammatical endings; -- opposed to <i>analytic language</i>.</cd>
<i>R. Morris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn*thet"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
synthetic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"the*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. Gr. &?;.]
<def>To combine; to unite in regular structure.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Syn"to*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
cut short; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to cut.] <def>Brevity;
conciseness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Syn"to*nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Gr. &?;
stretched tight, intense.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A proteid
substance (acid albumin) formed from the albuminous matter of muscle
by the action of dilute acids; -- formerly called <i>musculin</i>. See
<i>Acid albumin</i>, under <u>Albumin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sy"pher*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Carp.)</i> <def>The lapping of chamfered edges of planks to make a
smooth surface, as for a bulkhead.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syph"i*lide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A cutaneous eruption due to syphilis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syph"i*lis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
<i>Syphilus</i>, the name of a shepherd in the Latin poem of
Fracastoro, "<i>Syphilus</i>, sive Morbus Gallicus," which was
published in 1530; Gr. &?; hog, swine + &?; dear, loving. The term was
introduced into nosology by Sauvages.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The pox, or
venereal disease; a chronic, specific, infectious disease, usually
communicated by sexual intercourse or by hereditary transmission, and
occurring in three stages known as <i>primary</i>, <i>secondary</i>,
and <i>tertiary syphilis</i>. See under <u>Primary</u>,
<u>Secondary</u>, and <u>Tertiary</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syph`i*lit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>syphilitique</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to syphilis;
of the nature of syphilis; affected with syphilis.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A syphilitic patient.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syph`i*lit"ic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>In a syphilitic manner; with venereal
disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syph`i*li*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Inoculation with the syphilitic virus, especially when employed
as a preventive measure, like vaccination.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syph"i*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>To inoculate with syphilis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syph"i*lo*derm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Syphilis</u>, and <u>Derm</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A cutaneous
affection due to syphilis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syph`i*lo*der"ma*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the cutaneous manifestations of
syphilis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syph"i*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Syphil</i>is +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Resembling syphilis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syph`i*lol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
skilled in syphilology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syph`i*lol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Syphil</i>is
+ <i>-logy</i>.] <def>That branch of medicine which treats of
syphilis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sy"phon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Syphon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syr"a*cuse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A red wine of
Italy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sy"ren</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Siren</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Syr"i*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Syriacus</i>,
from <i>Syria</i>: cf. F. <i>syriaque</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
Syria, or its language; as, the <i>Syriac</i> version of the
Pentateuch.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The language of Syria;
especially, the ancient language of that country.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syr"i*a*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Syrian
idiom; a Syrianism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syr"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Syrius</i>: cf.
F. <i>Syrien</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Syria; Syriac.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native of Syria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syr"i*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Syrian
idiom, or a peculiarity of the Syrian language; a Syriacism.</def>
<i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syr"i*asm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Syrian idiom; a
Syrianism; a Syriacism.</def>  <i>M. Stuart.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Scripture Greek is observed to be full of
<i>Syriasms</i> and Hebraisms.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sy*rin"ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
&?;, a shepherd's pipe, tube.  Cf. <u>Syringe</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A genus of plants; the lilac.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The mock orange; -- popularly so called
because its stems were formerly used as pipestems.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syr"inge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>seringue</i>
(cf. Pr. <i>siringua</i>, Sp. <i>jeringa</i>, It. <i>sciringa</i>,
<i>scilinga</i>), fg. Gr. &?;, &?;, a pipe or tube; cf. Skr.
<i>svar</i> to sound, and E. <i>swarum</i>.  Cf. <u>Syringa</u>.]
<def>A kind of small hand-pump for throwing a stream of liquid, or for
purposes of aspiration. It consists of a small cylindrical barrel and
piston, or a bulb of soft elastic material, with or without valves,
and with a nozzle which is sometimes at the end of a flexible tube; --
used for injecting animal bodies, cleansing wounds, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Garden syringe</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Garden</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Syr"inge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Syringed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Syringing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To inject by means of a
syringe; as, to <i>syringe</i> warm water into a vein.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wash and clean by injection from a
syringe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sy*rin"ge*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the syrinx; as, the <i>syringeal</i>
muscle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sy*rin"gin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
glucoside found in the bark of the lilac (<i>Syringa</i>) and
extracted as a white crystalline substance; -- formerly called also
<i>lilacin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sy*rin"go*c&oelig;le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Syrinx</i> + Gr. &?; hollow.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The central
canal of the spinal cord.</def>  <i>B. G. Wilder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sy*rin"go*tome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>syringotome</i>. See <u>Syringotomy</u>.] <i>(Surg. & Anat.)</i>
<def>A small blunt-pointed bistoury, -- used in syringotomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syr`in*got"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a tube,
a hollow sore + &?; to cut: cf. F. <i>syringotomie</i>.]
<i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The operation of cutting for anal
fistula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syr"inx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Syringes</b></plw> (#). [NL., from Gr. &?; a pipe.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A wind instrument made of reeds
tied together; -- called also <i>pandean pipes</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The lower larynx in
birds.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In birds there are two laringes, an upper or true, but
voiceless, larynx in the usual position behind the tongue, and a lower
one, at or near the junction of the trachea and bronchi, which is the
true organ of the voice.</p>

<p><hw>||Syr"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; to drag.] <i>(Class. Antiq.)</i> <def>A long dress, trailing on
the floor, worn by tragic actors in Greek and Roman
theaters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syr"phi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the syrphus flies.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A syrphus fly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syr"phus fly`</hw> (?). [NL. <i>Syrphus</i>, the generic name,
fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, a kind of winged insect.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of dipterous flies of the genus
<i>Syrphus</i> and allied genera. They are usually bright-colored,
with yellow bands, and hover around plants. The larv&aelig; feed upon
plant lice, and are, therefore, very beneficial to
agriculture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syrt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>syrtis</i> a sand
bank in the sea, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>syrte</i>.] <def>A quicksand; a
bog.</def> [R.]  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syr"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
a syrt; resembling syrt, or quicksand.</def> [R.]  <i>Ed. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Syr"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Syrtes</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Syrt</u>.] <def>A
quicksand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Quenched in a boggy <i>syrtis</i>, neither sea<BR>
Nor good dry land.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Syr"up</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <hw>Syr"up*y</hw> (?)
}, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Sirup</u>.] <def>Same as <u>Sirup</u>,
<u>Sirupy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sys`sar*co"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; to unite by flesh, to cover over with flesh;
<grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?;, &?;, flesh.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
junction of bones by intervening muscles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sys*tal"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>systalticus</i> drawing together, Gr. &?;, from &?; to draw
together.  Cf. <u>Sustaltic</u>, <u>Systole</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Capable of, or taking place by, alternate contraction and
dilatation; as, the <i>systaltic</i> action of the heart.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sys"ta*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; to stand together. See under <u>System</u>.] <def>A political
union, confederation, or league.</def> [R.]  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sys"tem</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>systema</i>, Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; to place together; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to place:
cf. F. <i>syst&egrave;me</i>. See <u>Stand</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An assemblage of objects arranged in regular subordination, or
after some distinct method, usually logical or scientific; a complete
whole of objects related by some common law, principle, or end; a
complete exhibition of essential principles or facts, arranged in a
rational dependence or connection; a regular union of principles or
parts forming one entire thing; as, a <i>system</i> of philosophy; a
<i>system</i> of government; a <i>system</i> of divinity; a
<i>system</i> of botany or chemistry; a military <i>system</i>; the
solar <i>system</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>The best way to learn any science, is to begin with a
regular <i>system</i>, or a short and plain scheme of that science
well drawn up into a narrow compass.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, the whole scheme of created things
regarded as forming one complete plan of whole; the universe.</def>
"The great <i>system</i> of the world."  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Regular method or order; formal
arrangement; plan; as, to have a <i>system</i> in one's
business.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The collection of staves
which form a full score. See <u>Score</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>An assemblage of parts or
organs, either in animal or plant, essential to the performance of
some particular function or functions which as a rule are of greater
complexity than those manifested by a single organ; as, the capillary
<i>system</i>, the muscular <i>system</i>, the digestive
<i>system</i>, etc.; hence, the whole body as a functional
unity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the stellate or
irregular clusters of intimately united zooids which are imbedded in,
or scattered over, the surface of the common tissue of many compound
ascidians.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Block system</b></col>, <col><b>Conservative
system</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under <u>Block</u>,
<u>Conservative</u>, etc.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sys`tem*at"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sys`tem*at"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>syst&eacute;matique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to system; consisting in
system; methodical; formed with regular connection and adaptation or
subordination of parts to each other, and to the design of the whole;
as, a <i>systematic</i> arrangement of plants or animals; a
<i>systematic</i> course of study.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now we deal much in essays, and unreasonably despise
<i>systematical</i> learning; whereas our fathers had a just value for
regularity and systems.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A representation of phenomena, in order to answer the
purposes of science, must be <i>systematic</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding according to system, or regular
method; as, a <i>systematic</i> writer; <i>systematic</i>
benevolence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the system of the world;
cosmical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These ends may be called cosmical, or
<i>systematical</i>.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Affecting successively the
different parts of the system or set of nervous fibres; as,
<i>systematic</i> degeneration.</def>
</p>

<p><col><b>Systematic theology</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Theology</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sys`tem*at"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
systematic manner; methodically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sys"tem*a*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
reduction of facts or principles to a system.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sys"tem*a*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>syst&eacute;matiste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who forms a
system, or reduces to system.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who adheres to a system.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sys`tem*a*ti*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>syst&eacute;matization</i>.] <def>The act or operation of
systematizing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sys"tem*a*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Systematized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Systematizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F.
<i>syst&eacute;matiser</i>.  Cf. <u>Systemize</u>.] <def>To reduce to
system or regular method; to arrange methodically; to methodize; as,
to <i>systematize</i> a collection of plants or minerals; to
<i>systematize</i> one's work; to <i>systematize</i> one's
ideas.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Diseases were healed, and buildings erected, before
medicine and architecture were <i>systematized</i> into
arts.</blockquote> <i>Harris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sys"tem*a*ti`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
systematizes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Aristotle may be called the <i>systematizer</i> of his
master's doctrines.</blockquote> <i>Harris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sys`tem*a*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
&?;, system + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The doctrine of, or a treatise upon,
systems.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sys*tem"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or relating to a system; common to a system; as, the
<i>systemic</i> circulation of the blood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat. & Physiol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining
to the general system, or the body as a whole; as, <i>systemic</i>
death, in distinction from <i>local</i> death; <i>systemic</i>
circulation, in distinction from <i>pulmonic</i> circulation;
<i>systemic</i> diseases.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Systemic death</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Death</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sys`tem*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
or process of systematizing; systematization.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sys"tem*ize</hw> (s&ibreve;s"t&ebreve;m*&imacr;z), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. & p. p.</i></pos> <u>Systemized</u> (-
&imacr;zd); <pos><i>p. pr. & vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Systemizing</u> (-
&imacr;`z&ibreve;ng).] [Cf. <u>Systematize</u>.] <def>To reduce to
system; to systematize.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1466 !></p>

<p><hw>Sys"tem*i`zer</hw> (s&ibreve;s"t&ebreve;m*&imacr;`z&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who systemizes, or reduces to system; a
systematizer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sys"tem*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Being without system.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>Not agreeing with some
artificial system of classification.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Not having any of the
distinct systems or types of structure, as the radiate, articulate,
etc., characteristic of organic nature; as, all unicellular organisms
are <i>systemless</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sys"to*le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; to contract; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to set, place.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The shortening of the long
syllable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The contraction of the
heart and arteries by which the blood is forced onward and the
circulation kept up; -- correlative to <i>diastole</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sys*tol"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to systole, or contraction; contracting; esp., relating to the systole
of the heart; as, <i>systolic</i> murmur.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sys"tyle</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>systylos</i>,
Gr. <grk>sy`n</grk> with columns standing close; <grk>sy`n</grk> with
+ &?; a column: cf. F. <i>systyle</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Having a
space equal to two diameters or four modules between two columns; --
said of a portico or building. See <u>Intercolumniation</u>.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A systyle temple or other edifice.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Syth</hw> (?), <hw>Sythe</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>prep., adv.,
conj. & n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Sith</u>, <u>Sithe</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i>  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sythe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Scythe.</def> [Obs.
or R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sy*zyg"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to a
syzygy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syz"y*gy</hw> (s&ibreve;z"&ibreve;*j&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Syzygies</b></plw> (-
j&ibreve;z). [L. <i>syzygia</i> a joining together, conjunction, Gr.
<grk>syzygi`a</grk>; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + <grk>zeygny`nai</grk> to
join, <grk>zygo`n</grk> yoke: cf. F. <i>syzygie</i>. See <u>Yoke</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The
point of an orbit, as of the moon or a planet, at which it is in
conjunction or opposition; -- commonly used in the plural.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. & L. Pros.)</i> <def>The coupling
together of different feet; as, in Greek verse, an iambic
<i>syzygy</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any
one of the segments of an arm of a crinoid composed of two joints so
closely united that the line of union is obliterated on the outer,
though visible on the inner, side.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
immovable union of two joints of a crinoidal arm.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Line of syzygies</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the
straight line connecting the earth, the sun, and the moon or a planet,
when the latter is in conjunction or opposition; -- used chiefly of
the moon.</cd></p>

