1870

2008/9 Schools Wikipedia Selection. Related subjects: Years

Centuries: 18th century - 19th century - 20th century
Decades: 1840s  1850s  1860s  - 1870s -   1880s   1890s   1900s
Years: 1867 1868 1869 - 1870 - 1871 1872 1873

Year 1870 (MDCCCLXX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar).

Events of 1870

January - March

  • January 1
    • First edition of The Northern Echo newspaper published.
    • Plans for the Brooklyn Bridge are completed.
  • January 3 - Construction of the Brooklyn Bridge begins.
  • January 6 - The inauguration of the Musikverein (Vienna).
  • January 10 - John D. Rockefeller incorporates Standard Oil.
  • January 15 - A political cartoon for the first time symbolizes the United States Democratic Party with a donkey ("A Live Jackass Kicking a Dead Lion" by Thomas Nast for Harper's Weekly).
  • January 26 - Reconstruction: Virginia rejoins the Union.
  • January 27 - First college sorority, Kappa Alpha Theta, is established at DePauw University.
  • February - Vrain Denis-Lucas in sentenced for two years in prison for multiple forgery in Paris.
  • February 1 - Goodna State School in Goodna, Queensland, Australia is founded.
  • February 2 - It is revealed that the famed Cardiff Giant was just carved gypsum and not the petrified remains of a human.
  • February 3 - The 15th Amendment to the United States Constitution is passed.
  • February 10
    • Anaheim, California is incorporated.
    • The YWCA is founded in New York City.
  • February 12 - Women gain the right to vote in Utah Territory.
  • February 23 - Military control of Mississippi ends and it is readmitted to the Union.
  • February 25 - Hiram Rhodes Revels, a Republican from Mississippi, is sworn into the United States Senate, becoming the first African American ever to sit in the U.S. Congress.
  • February 26 - In New York City, the first pneumatic- subway is opened.
  • February 28 - The Bulgarian Exarchate is established by decree of Sultan Abd-ul-Aziz of the Ottoman Empire.
  • March 2 - Francisco Solano López' last troops cornered by Triple Alliance troops at Cerro Cora. López refuses to surrender and is killed. Fighting ends in Paraguay - the War of the Triple Alliance is over.
  • March 4 - Thomas Scott is executed by Louis Riel's provisional government during the Red River Rebellion in modern day Manitoba Canada.
  • March 19 - Ohio Legislature passes the Cannon Act, thereby establishing the Ohio Agriculture and Mechanical College, later The Ohio State University.
  • March 24 - Syracuse University is established and officially opens.
  • March 30
    • The 15th Amendment is entered into the United States Constitution, giving blacks the right to vote.
    • Texas is readmitted to the Union following Reconstruction.
  • March 31 - Thomas Mundy Peterson the first African-American to vote in an election.

April - June

  • May 12 - The Canadian province of Manitoba is created in response to Louis Riel's Red River Rebellion.
  • May 14 - First rugby match to be played in New Zealand, between the Nelson Football Club and Nelson College.
  • May 24 - The Port Adelaide Football Club play their first match of Australian rules football at Buck's Flat, Glanville, South Australia.
  • June 9 - The author and actor Charles Dickens dies after suffering from a stroke. The inscription on his tomb reads: "He was a sympathiser to the poor, the suffering, and the oppressed; and by his death, one of England's greatest writers is lost to the world."
  • June 22 - The U.S. Congress creates the Department of Justice.
  • June 26

July - September

  • July 13 - The Ems Dispatch serves as a reason for a war between Prussia and France.
  • July 15 - Reconstruction: Georgia becomes the last former Confederate state to be readmitted to the Union, and the CSA is dissoluted.
  • July 16 - Lambert McKenna is born, Irish scholar.
  • July 19 - Franco-Prussian War: France declares war on Prussia.
  • August 8 - The Republic of Ploieşti, a failed rising against Domnitor Carol of Romania.
  • August 24 - The Red River Rebellion ends with the arrival of the Wolseley Expedition and the fleeing of Louis Riel.
  • September 2 - Franco-Prussian War: Battle of Sedan - Prussian forces defeat the French armies and take emperor Napoleon III and 100,000 of his soldiers prisoner at Sedan.
  • September 4 - Emperor Napoleon III of France is deposed and the Third Republic is declared. Empress Eugenie flees to England with her children.
  • September 6 - Louisa Ann Swain of Laramie, Wyoming, becomes the first woman in the United States to cast a vote legally since 1807.
  • September 20 - With Bersaglieri soldiers entering Rome at Porta Pia, the unification of Italy is completed. End of the last remnant of the Papal States.

October - December

  • October 2 - Referendum in Rome supports joining Italy with 133681 against 1500. Decision is made official
  • October 6 - Rome becomes the capital of unified Italy.
  • October 8 - Leon Michel Gambetta escapes the besieged Paris in a hot-air balloon.
  • November 1 - In the United States, the newly-created Weather Bureau (later renamed the National Weather Service) makes its first official meteorological forecast: "High winds at Chicago and Milwaukee... and along the Lakes".
  • November 16 - Spanish Cortes Generales proclaims Amadeo de Saboya as King Amadeus I of Spain.
  • December 30 - Assassination of Juan Prim, Prime minister of Spain.

Births

1870 in other calendars
Gregorian calendar 1870
MDCCCLXX
Ab urbe condita 2623
Armenian calendar 1319
ԹՎ ՌՅԺԹ
Bahá'í calendar 26 – 27
Berber calendar 2820
Buddhist calendar 2414
Burmese calendar 1232
Chinese calendar 4506/4566-11-30
( 己巳年十一月三十日)
— to —
4507/4567-11-10
( 庚午年十一月初十日)
Coptic calendar 1586 – 1587
Ethiopian calendar 1862 – 1863
Hebrew calendar 5630 – 5631
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat 1925 – 1926
 - Shaka Samvat 1792 – 1793
 - Kali Yuga 4971 – 4972
Holocene calendar 11870
Iranian calendar 1248 – 1249
Islamic calendar 1286 – 1287
Japanese calendar Meiji 3
(明治3年)
Korean calendar 4203
Thai solar calendar 2413

January - June

  • January 2 - Ernst Barlach, German sculptor, graphic artist, and poet (d. 1938)
  • January 6 - Gustav Bauer, Chancellor of Germany (d. 1944)
  • January 8 - Miguel Primo de Rivera, dictator of Spain (d. 1930)
  • January 11 - Alexander Stirling Calder, American sculptor (d. 1945)
  • February 7 - Alfred Adler, Austrian psychologist (d. 1937)
  • February 12 - Marie Lloyd, English singer (d. 1922)
  • March 4 - Thomas Sturge Moore, English poet, author and artist (d. 1944)
  • March 5 - Rosa Luxemburg, Polish-born German political theorist, socialist philosopher, and revolutionary (d. 1919)
  • March 5 - Frank Norris, American writer (d. 1902)
  • March 13 - Seale Harris, American Physician (d. 1957)
  • March 17 - Horace Donisthorpe, English entomologist (d. 1951)
  • March 20 - Paul Erich von Lettow-Vorbeck, German general (d. 1964)
  • April 1 - Hamaguchi Osachi, 27th Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1931)
  • April 4 - George Albert Smith, president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (d. 1951)
  • April 22 - Vladimir Lenin, Russian revolutionary and first Premier of the Soviet Union (d. 1924)
  • April 30 - Franz Lehár, Austrian composer (d. 1948)
  • May 9 - Harry Vardon, English Golf Professional (d. 1937)
  • May 19 - Albert Fish, American serial killer (d. 1936)
  • June 13 - Jules Bordet, Belgian immunologist and microbiologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1961)

July - December

  • July 3 - Richard Bedford Bennett, eleventh Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1947)
  • July 12 - Louis II of Monaco (d. 1949)
  • July 25 - Maxfield Parrish, American illustrator (d. 1966)
  • July 29 - George Dixon, Canadian boxer (d. 1909)
  • August 3 - Caroline Celestia "Carrie" Ingalls, née Swanzey, Younger sister of author Laura Ingalls Wilder (d. June 2, 1946)
  • August 11 - Tom Richardson, English cricketer (d. 1912)
  • August 31 - Maria Montessori, Italian educator (d. 1952)
  • September 25 - James A. Hawken, Schoolteacher (d. 1964)
  • September 26 - King Christian X of Denmark (d. 1947)
  • September 30 - Jean Baptiste Perrin, French physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1942)
  • October 10 - Ivan Alekseyevich Bunin, Russian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1953)
  • November 21 - Sigfrid Edström, Swedish sports official (d. 1964)
  • November 27 - Juho Kusti Paasikivi, Prime Minister and President of Finland (d. 1956)
  • December 5 - Vítězslav Novák, Czech composer (d. 1949)
  • December 10 - Mary Bonaparte, pretender to the French imperial throne (d. 1947)
  • December 12 - Walter Benona Sharp, American oil pioneer (d. 1912)
  • December 18 - Saki, English writer (d. 1916)

Deaths

January - June

  • January 29 - Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b. 1797)
  • February 7 - Sylvain Salnave a Hatian president (b. 1827)
  • February 19 - Nathaniel de Rothschild, French wine grower (b. 1812)
  • March 11 - Moshoeshoe I of Lesotho (b. 1786?)
  • March 28 - George Henry Thomas, American general (b. 1816)
  • May 6 - Sir James Young Simpson, Scottish physician and researcher (b. 1811)
  • June 9 - Charles Dickens, British novelist (b. 1812)
  • June 24 - Adam Lindsay Gordon, Australian poet (b. 1833)

July - December

  • July 20 - Jules Alfred Huot de Goncourt, French writer and publisher (b. 1830)
  • September 12 - Fitz Hugh Ludlow, American author and explorer (b. 1836)
  • September 23 - Prosper Mérimée, French writer (b. 1803)
  • October 12 - Robert E. Lee, American Confederate general (b. 1807)
  • November 24 - Comte de Lautreamont, French poet and writer (b. 1846)
  • November 28 - Frédéric Bazille, French painter (b. 1841)
  • December 5 - Alexandre Dumas, père, French author (b. 1802)
  • December 27 - General Prim, Spanish dictator (b. 1814)
  • date unknown - Patrick MacDowell, Northern Irish sculptor (b. 1799)
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