HSBC
2008/9 Schools Wikipedia Selection. Related subjects: Companies
| HSBC Holdings plc | |
|---|---|
| Image:Hsbc.png | |
| Type | Public (LSE: HSBA, SEHK: 005, NYSE: HBC, Euronext: HSBC, BSX: 1077223879) |
| Founded | Hong Kong (1865) |
| Founder | Thomas Sutherland |
| Headquarters | London, England, UK |
| Key people | Stephen Green, Executive Chairman Michael Geoghegan, CEO |
| Industry | Finance and Insurance |
| Products | Financial Services |
| Revenue | ▲ $70.1 billion USD ( 2006) |
| Operating income | ▲ $54.8 billion USD ( 2006) |
| Net income | ▲ $15.8 billion USD ( 2006) |
| Employees | 312,000 |
| Subsidiaries | HSBC Bank plc, The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation, HSBC Bank USA, HSBC Mexico, HSBC Bank Brasil, HSBC Finance |
| Website | www.hsbc.com |
HSBC Holdings plc ( traditional Chinese: 滙豐控股有限公司 pinyin: hùifōng kònggǔ yǒuxiàn gōngsī LSE: HSBA, SEHK: 0005, NYSE: HBC, Euronext: HSBC, BSX: 1077223879) is the world's largest financial group in terms of market capitalization. It was also rated the third largest company by Forbes 2000. HSBC Holdings was established in 1991 to act as the parent company to The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation based in Hong Kong. The group's head office is located in the HSBC Tower ( 8 Canada Square) by London's Canary Wharf. The group is named after its founding and largest member, The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation, a bank established in Hong Kong by Thomas Sutherland in 1865 to finance the growing trade between China and Europe.
The bank is the fourth largest corporation in the world in terms of assets (as of Dec 31, $1.861 trillion, while Citigroup reported $1.884 trillion). It reports its results in United States dollars, since 80% of its earnings originate from outside the United Kingdom. Nearly 22% of its earnings are from operations in Hong Kong, where it was headquartered until 1993. It is the largest bank in Hong Kong, and at the end of 2005 was the largest banking group in the world by Tier 1 capital. The group's shares are currently traded on the London, Hong Kong, Paris, New York and Bermuda stock exchanges.
Local operations
The HSBC Group operates as a number of local banks around the world. Outlined below are operations in countries which, in 2006, represented profit before tax greater than US$50 million. For details of other group companies see Category:HSBC.
America
Banco HSBC (Costa Rica) SA operates around 40 branches throughout the major cities. HSBC entered Costa Rica in the summer of 2007; it was introduced under the promotional campaign "HSBC is the new name of BANEX". HSBC acquired Banex and has assumed operations in all of its branches. Banco Nacional de Costa Rica (BNCR) is HSBC's largest competitor in the market.
HSBC Bank Argentina SA has around 150 branches throughout Argentina providing a full range of banking and financial products and services to over 1.2 million customers. Midland Bank purchased a stake in Banco Roberts SA in 1987; in 1997 HSBC took full control of the bank and rebranded it HSBC. Also, after the crisis of 2001, they bought the italian Banca Nazionale del Lavoro (BNL) and they call this banks "BNL en argentina es Hsbc" (BNL in Argentina is HSBC) but after two years they are call only HSBC (although many things are different for ex BNL users than to HSBS users)
The Bank of Bermuda Limited was acquired by HSBC in February 2004. Founded in 1889, it is a leading provider of fund administration, trust, custody, asset management and banking services, since the acquisition the group has focused its global efforts in some areas of these services on the island.
HSBC Bank Brasil is HSBC’s largest presence in South America. It was established in March 1997 with the acquisition of the assets, liabilities and subsidiaries of Banco Bamerindus do Brasil SA, which was established in 1952. HSBC is now among the ten largest banks in Brazil, with more than 1,700 branches and sub-branches in 550 Brazilian cities.
HSBC Bank Canada is the seventh largest bank in Canada, with offices in every province except for Prince Edward Island, and is the largest foreign-owned bank in the country. HSBC has a strong presence in overseas Chinese communities especially in Vancouver and Toronto, and is the only Canadian bank with headquarters in British Columbia.
HSBC Mexico, SA is one of Mexico’s four largest banking and financial service companies, with 1,400 branches, 4,800 ATMs and 6 million customers. HSBC purchased Banco Internacional, SA known as Bital, in November 2002, rebranding it overnight in January 2004.
HSBC Bank Paraguay S.A. Lloyds TSB Bank Paraguay was acquired by HSBC Group in 2007.
HSBC Bank USA NA and HSBC Finance Corporation represent the group’s business in the US, which has been built up via the acquisition of Marine Midland (1980), Republic National Bank (1999), Household International (2003) and Metris Companies (2005) among others. HSBC Bank USA, headquartered in Buffalo, NY, is a full service bank, with a strong branch network in New York State but also operating nationwide. HSBC Finance Corporation focuses on selected lines of consumer lending with branch networks across the US.
Asia Pacific
HSBC Bank Australia Limited gained its banking licence in 1986. Today, a full range of Personal and Commercial services are offered from a network of branches as well as via direct channels.
HSBC Bank (China) Company Limited and HSBC Rural Bank Company Limited HSBC established its Shanghai branch office on 3 March 1865 and has had a continuous presence in the city since then, except during the Japanese Occupation. Until the economic reforms of the late 1970s, its activities were mainly in inward remittances and export bills, however its activities now span a wider range. HSBC has purchased stakes in various local firms, including 18.6% of Bank of Communications, 8% of Bank of Shanghai and 19.9% of Ping An Insurance.
The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited and Hang Seng Bank Limited HSBC first opened for business in Hong Kong on 3 March 1865. Hong Kong dollar banknotes are issued by three commercial banks in the Hong Kong SAR, of which HSBC is the most prolific by value. The Hang Seng Index for stock prices in Hong Kong is named after the Hang Seng Bank. The two banks are today first and second by market share in Hong Kong.
The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited The Mercantile Bank of India, London and China was established in October 1853 in Bombay (now Mumbai). The Mercantile Bank was acquired in 1959 by HSBC. HSBC is now one of the fastest growing foreign banks in India, both in domestic banking and support operations for worldwide operations (see Group Service Centres).
The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited HSBC opened its first Indonesian office in Jakarta in 1884 as The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited. Having been able to restart its operations after the Second World War, it was again forced to close in mid-1960s, however the Bank was granted a new banking licence in 1968 its operations have grown to make it one of the largest foreign banks operating in Indonesia.
HSBC Bank Malaysia Berhad traces its history back to the opening of the first HSBC office in Penang in 1884. The bank later became an issuer of currency notes for the Malaysian government. A gradual expansion programme resulted in the bank’s incorporation, the first foreign institution to do so in Malaysia in 1994. The bank today provides a full range of personal and commercial financial services.HSBC operates a call centre in Cyberjaya,Malaysia, a cybercity in Malaysia.
HSBC Bank Singapore operates as a full service bank with its headquarters in Collyer Quay, it is an approved Primary Dealer in the Singapore Government Securities Market and an Approved Bond Intermediary, with over a hundred staff operating one of the largest integrated dealing rooms in Singapore.
The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited is expanding in competitive South Korean market, currently operating from a network of 11 branches, the first having been opened in Jemulpo in 1897 .
The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited offers a wide range of financial products in Taiwan as part of its Greater China operations. Having first appointed an Agent in Tamsui in 1885, it has now reached an 18 location operation.
The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited operates a significant (greater than US$50m) business in Thailand, including personal financial services as well as a corporate and commercial banking operation.
Europe
HSBC SA operates around 800 branches in France since the takeover of Credit Commercial de France, primarily operating under the HSBC brand. HSBC France is now the HSBC Group’s lead bank in the Eurozone, focusing on certain capital market products for a global audience, and high net worth and international business in France.
HSBC Trinkaus AG was founded in 1785 and is one of the longest-established members of the HSBC Group. It has operations in private, commercial and investment banking and asset management.
HSBC Bank plc and a number of subsidiaries have operations in insurance, reinsurance, securities services and a newly established consumer finance business. The fund management business had assets in excess of US$20bn as of 2006.
HSBC Bank Malta plc is one of the largest banks in Malta. It is a listed company but its majority shareholder is the HSBC Group. Formerly the Mid-Med Bank, HSBC Bank Malta is the second-longest established bank in Malta.
HSBC Private Bank (Suisse) SA and HSBC Guyerzeller Bank AG are the Swiss operating subsidiaries of the group's Private Banking business, with 12 locations in the country. Much of the private banking business takes a lead from work done in Switzerland, with a total of 74 locations around the world operating solely for private banking business.
HSBC Bank AS is now the fifth largest private bank in Turkey, having expanded through internal financing and via acquisition since entering the market in 1990. The bank has a network of around 190 branches, offering products and services to corporate, commercial and personal customers, both under the HSBC brand as well as the Advantage brand.
HSBC Bank plc is one of the " Big Five" high street banks in the UK, maintaining a large network of branches in England and Wales, with a smaller presence in Scotland and Northern Ireland. It acquired this presence in 1992 with the acquisition of Midland Bank plc. It also operates the previously Midland-owned telephone and internet bank First Direct, the consumer lending brand Beneficial Finance, and the financial services division of Marks & Spencer.
Middle East and Africa
HSBC Bank Egypt SAE was founded in 1982, and rebranded as HSBC in April 2001 after HSBC lifted its ownership stake from 40% to 94.5%. HSBC Bank Egypt is one of the largest multinationals and fastest growing banks in Egypt, providing a comprehensive range of banking and related financial services through a network of 44 branches.
SABB (The Saudi British Bank) In Saudi Arabia HSBC is represented by The Saudi British Bank which is a 40% owned subsidiary, and also a joint venture partner in HSBC Saudi Arabia Limited, the kingdom’s first full service independent investment bank.
HSBC Bank Middle East Limited HSBC provides a range of banking services for both corporate and individual customers in Qatar. HSBC is the largest foreign bank in Qatar and has five branches, in Doha, Al Sadd, West Bay, Rayyan and Grand Hamad Street as well as a large network of ATMs at 21 different locations.
HSBC Bank Middle East Limited The United Arab Emirates represents a key part of HSBC Bank Middle East's business, with 16 branches and the firm's head office located here.
Global product lines and programmes
Group Service Centres
As a cost saving measure HSBC is offshoring processing work to lower cost economies in order to reduce the cost of providing services in developed countries. These locations take on work such as data processing and customer service, but also internal software engineering at Pune, Hyderabad (India), Guangzhou (China) and Curitiba (Brazil).
Chief Operating Officer Alan Jebson said in March 2005 that he would be very surprised if fewer than 25,000 people were working in the centres over the next three years: “I don’t have a precise target but I would be surprised if we had less than 15 (global service centres) in three years’ time.” He went on to say that each centre cost the bank from $20m to $30m to set up, but that for every job moved the bank saves about $20,000 (£10,400).
Trade unions, particularly in the US and UK, blame these centres for job losses in developed countries, and also for the effective imposition of wage caps on their members.
Currently centres exist in six countries, in Brazil in Curitiba, in India in Hyderabad, Bangalore, Visakhapatnam, Mumbai, Kolkata and Pune, in China in Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, in Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia), Colombo ( Kotte) (Sri Lanka) and Manila (Philippines). There is also a trial going on in Malta to asses the possibility of offshoring a UK high value call centre. An option under consideration is reported to be a processing centre in Vietnam to access the French skills of the population and therefore cut costs in the bank’s French operation.
On June 27th 2006, HSBC reported that a "small number" of customers had suffered from fraud totalling £233,000 after an employee at the Bangalore call centre supplied confidential customer information to fraudsters.
HSBC Premier
The group has HSBC Premier as its premium financial services product - the brand name has been used in many market places around the world. Traditionally the exact benefits and qualification criteria have varied depending on what country you were in. Broadly customers had a dedicated Relationship Manager, global 24 hour access to Premier call centres, and preferential rates. The 2 UK call centres are in Edinburgh and Swansea. In 2008 the Premier focus will be on Savings, Wealth management and Mortgages. Premier staff members are given complete access to the service and are experts in the above 3 categories.
In May 2007, HSBC relaunched its HSBC Premier service simultaneously across 35 countries and territories and standardised its various offerings to include:
- International account opening before leaving home
- Dedicated personal relationship manager in each country where account held
- Overseas mortgage arrangement
- A single-view of all accounts in any location online
- Free global money transfer between HSBC accounts
- Emergency help including cash at over 245,000 outlets across 200 countries
- 24-hour helpline for Premier customers in each country
- Banking services and lounge facilities across 35 countries and territories
- Access to international wealth management products and professional investment information
Countries included in the global roll-out of HSBC Premier are: Argentina, Australia, Bahrain, Bermuda, Brazil, Brunei, Canada, China, Colombia, Egypt, Greece, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Jersey, Jordan, Lebanon, Macao, Malaysia, Malta, Mexico, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Philippines, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, UAE, UK and USA.
HSBC Bank International
HSBC Bank International Limited ( http://offshore.hsbc.com/1/2/home) is the offshore banking arm of the HSBC Group, it focuses on providing offshore solutions and cross border services to expatriates and migrants. It provides a full range of multi-currency personal banking services to a range of customer segments, including a full internet banking and telephone banking service. Sometimes referred to as 'HSBC Offshore', the business also offers independent financial planning, and has representative offices all over the world, often working alongside local HSBC operations in those regions.
HSBC Bank International originated from the business started by Midland Bank and is based in the Channel Islands with further operations on the Isle of Man. Its operations in the Channel Islands are centred around its registered headquarters on the seafront in St Helier, Jersey. Named 'HSBC House', the building comprises departments such as Premier, Global Funds & Investments, e-Business and a 24 hour 'Direct Banking Centre'.
HSBCnet
Corporate, Investment Banking and Markets (CIBM) has HSBCnet ( http://www.hsbcnet.com) as its online brand presence, having originated as the name for the new corporate internet banking system.
HSBCnet is a global service that caters to local business needs by offering specialised functionality for different regions world-wide.
The system provides access to transaction banking functionality - ranging from payments and cash management to trade services features - as well as to research and analytics content from HSBC. It also includes foreign exchange and money markets trading functionality.
The system is used widely by HSBC's high-end corporate and institutional clients served variously by the bank's CIBM, Commercial Banking (CMB) and Global Transaction Banking (GTB) divisions.
HSBC Direct
HSBC Direct is an online direct banking operation which attracts customers through their high-interest savings accounts and no service charges or minimum account balance requirements.
It was first launched in the USA (November 2005) and is currently also available in Canada (April 2007), Taiwan (September 2006) and South Korea (February 2007).
HSBC have announced plans to launch HSBC Direct in other countries, as well as gradually expand its product range to include other products.
Brand and advertising
The group announced in November 1998 that the HSBC brand and the hexagon symbol would be adopted as the unified brand in all the markets where HSBC operates, with the aim of enhancing recognition of the Group and its values by customers, shareholders and staff throughout the world.
Hexagon symbol
This was originally adopted by The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation as its logo in 1983. It was developed from the bank’s house flag, a white rectangle divided diagonally to produce a red hourglass shape. Like many other Hong Kong company flags that originated in the 19th century, the design was based on the cross of Saint Andrew. The logo was designed by Graphics master Henry Steiner.
Sponsorship
Having sponsored the Jaguar Racing Formula One team since the days of Stewart Grand Prix, HSBC ended its relationship with the sport when Red Bull purchased Jaguar Racing from Ford. HSBC has now switched its focus to golf, taking title sponsorship of events such as the HSBC World Match Play Championship, HSBC Women’s World Match Play Championship and HSBC Champions.
In football HSBC sponsors French club AS Monaco and Mexican club CF Pachuca.
In Rugby League HSBC sponsors Telford Raiders in the Rugby League Conference.
In Australia, HSBC sponsors the New South Wales Waratahs rugby team in the Super 14 competition, as well as the Hawthorn Football Club in the Australian Football League.
In the United States, HSBC owns the naming rights to the home arena of the Buffalo Sabres until 2026, the team plays in the North American National Hockey League.
HSBC’s other sponsorships are mainly in the area of education, health and the environment. They have an educational foundation and have recently (Nov 2006) announced a $5m partnership with SOS Children as part of Future First.
HSBC's name and logo adorns many airport airbridges in the UK, particularly at London Heathrow and Gatwick airports. This advertising is also in place on airbridges at John F. Kennedy Airport and LaGuardia Airport in New York, Newark Airport in Newark, NJ, Narita International Airport in Tokyo, Soekarno-Hatta International Airport in Jakarta, and Pudong Airport in Shanghai.
Every year, HSBC sponsors the Great Canadian Geography Challenge, which have roughly two million participants in the past twelve years.
Since 2001, HSBC sponsors the Celebration of Light, an annual musical fireworks competition in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. In 2007 HSBC announced it would be a sponsor of the National Hockey League's Vancouver Canucks and Calgary Flames.
Slogan
Since the global adoption of the HSBC brand the following strap lines have been used:
- 1999-2002: Your world of financial services
- 2002-present: The world’s local bank
Corporate governance
Executive pay
As of 2005 Michael Geoghegan, the company's CEO, was earning over £700,000.00 (over 1.4 million US dollars) per year, and the chairman Sir John Bond, who retired in 2006, was earning 1.8 million US dollars. HSBC made record profits in the 2004-2005 year earning over 12 billion GB Pounds or more than 20 billion US dollars.
Household acquisition
In 2003 HSBC completed its controversial acquisition of Household International, after Household settled on charges of predatory lending. The deal is now seen as in a much more positive light, The Banker suggests that "when banking historians look back, they may conclude that [it] was the deal of the first decade of the 21st century". HSBC is expanding the Household International consumer financial model to Brazil, India and elsewhere.
Customer groups
HSBC splits its business into four distinct groups, on a global basis:
Personal Financial Services
HSBC provides more than 100 million customers world-wide with a full range of personal financial services, including current and savings accounts, mortgage loans, car financing, insurance, credit cards, loans, pensions and investments. The Consumer Finance group facilitates point of sale credit to consumers, and lends money and provides related services to meet the financial needs of everyday people.
Commercial Banking
HSBC provides financial services to small, medium-sized and middle-market enterprises. The group has almost 2.5 million of such customers, including sole proprietors, partnerships, clubs and associations, incorporated businesses and publicly quoted companies.
Corporate, Investment Banking and Markets
This customer group provides tailored financial services to corporate and institutional clients. Business lines comprise Global Banking, Global Markets, Global Research and Global Transaction Banking.
Private Banking
Private Banking provides financial services to high net worth individuals and their families in 68 cities. Over the last five years, acquired companies such as Republic New York Corporation, Safra Republic Holdings, The Bank of Bermuda and Wealth and Tax Advisory Services have been integrated into HSBC’s private banking business.
History of HSBC Holdings plc
For the history of the HSBC Group prior to the founding of HSBC Holdings plc in 1991, see The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation.
- 1991 - shares are listed on the London and Hong Kong stock exchanges.
- 1992 - acquisition of Midland Bank in the United Kingdom.
- 1993 - the headquarters of HSBC Holdings moves from 1 Queens Road Central, Hong Kong to 10 Lower Thames Street, London.
- 1997 - acquisition of Roberts S.A. de Inversiones of Argentina and Banco Bamerindus of Brazil.
- 1999 - acquisition of Republic New York; shares are traded on a third stock exchange, the New York Stock Exchange, as American Depositary Receipts (ADRs).
- 2000 - acquisition of Crédit Commercial de France; shares are traded on a fourth stock exchange, Euronext in Paris.
- 2001 - acquisition of Demirbank of Turkey.
- 2002 - acquisition of Grupo Financiero Bital, S.A. de C.V. of Mexico.
- 2003 - the headquarters of HSBC Holdings moves from 10 Lower Thames Street, London to 8 Canada Square, London.
- 2003 - acquisition of Household International of the United States.
- 2003 - November 20, terrorist attack: a bomb blast in Istanbul damaged the bank’s head office in Turkey, causing several deaths and hundreds of injuries.
- 2004 - acquisition of The Bank of Bermuda of Bermuda; shares are traded on a fifth stock exchange, the Bermuda Stock Exchange.
- 2004 - acquisition of Marks & Spencer Retail Financial Services Holdings Ltd.
- 2004 - acquisition of 19.9% of the Bank of Communications of Shanghai.
- 2005 - acquisition of Metris Companies, Inc of the United States.
- 2005 - during October 2005 HSBC acquired 70.1% Dar Es Salaam Investment Bank, having begun negotiations earlier in the year. The Coalition Provisional Authority originally granted HSBC along with Standard Chartered and National Bank of Kuwait licences to operate in Iraq.
- 2006 - announcement of pre-tax profits of £11.91 billion, a record for a British Bank.
- 2006 - acquisition of Banca Nazionale del Lavoro of Argentina adds 90 branches to the South American business.
- 2006 - acquisition of Grupo Banistmo, the largest financial services company in Central America, based in Panama.
- 2007 - acquisition of Banex in Costa Rica.
- 2007 - acquisition of The Chinese Bank in Taiwan.
Leverage analysis
| Fiscal Year | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | 2001 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fiscal Year End Date | 12/31/05 | 12/31/04 | 12/31/03 | 12/31/02 | 12/31/01 |
| Long Term Debt- | |||||
| % of Earnings Before Interest & Taxes | 1,006.2% | 733.9% | 782.5% | 302.8% | 306.9% |
| Long Term Debt- | |||||
| % of Earn Before Int, Tax, Depr & Amort | 938.0% | 673.1% | 710.8% | 271.8% | 272.7% |
| Long Term Debt- | |||||
| % of Total Assets | 14.3% | 11.1% | 11.3% | 4.5% | 4.0% |
| Long Term Debt- | |||||
| % of Total Capital | 68.5% | 58.5% | 57.7% | 36.6% | 35.1% |
| Long Term Debt- | |||||
| % of Common Equity | 231.6% | 162.8% | 156.3% | 65.0% | 61.7% |
| Total Debt- | |||||
| % of Earnings Before Interest & Taxes | 1,384.4% | 1,723.7% | 1,726.0% | 1,041.8% | 1,152.6% |
| Total Debt- | |||||
| % of Earn Bef Int, Tax, Depr & Amort | 1,290.6% | 1,580.8% | 1,567.9% | 935.2% | 1,023.9% |
| Total Debt- | |||||
| % of Total Assets | 19.6% | 26.0% | 24.9% | 15.3% | 15.1% |
| Total Debt- | |||||
| % of Total Capital | 94.3% | 137.5% | 127.3% | 125.8% | 131.6% |
| Total Debt- | |||||
| % of Total Capital & Short Term Debt | 75.0% | 76.8% | 75.0% | 66.5% | 67.0% |
| Total Debt- | |||||
| % of Common Equity | 318.7% | 382.3% | 344.8% | 223.7% | 231.6% |
| Minority Interest- | |||||
| % of Earnings Before Interest & Taxes | 27.2% | 68.7% | 73.1% | 58.8% | 71.1% |
| Minority Interest- | |||||
| % of Earn Bef Int, Tax, Depr & Amort | 25.4% | 63.0% | 66.4% | 52.8% | 63.2% |
| Minority Interest- | |||||
| % of Total Assets | 0.4% | 1.0% | 1.1% | 0.9% | 0.9% |
| Minority Interest- | |||||
| % Total Capital | 1.9% | 5.5% | 5.4% | 7.1% | 8.1% |
| Minority Interest- | |||||
| % of Common Equity | 6.3% | 15.2% | 14.6% | 12.6% | 14.3% |
| Common Equity- | |||||
| % Total Assets | 6.2% | 7.2% | 7.2% | 6.8% | 6.5% |
| Common Equity- | |||||
| % of Total Capital | 29.6% | 36.0% | 36.9% | 56.3% | 56.8% |
| Total Capital- | |||||
| % of Total Assets | 20.8% | 20.0% | 19.6% | 12.2% | 11.5% |
| Minority Interest- | |||||
| % of Earnings Before Interest & Taxes | 27.2% | 68.7% | 73.1% | 58.8% | 71.1% |
| Fixed Assets- | |||||
| % of Common Equity | 16.5% | 21.7% | 21.1% | 27.3% | 29.8% |
| Dividend Payout | 39.4% | 37.4% | 48.3% | 57.8% | 65.3% |
| Funds From Operations- | |||||
| % of Total Debt | 6.0% | 3.6% | 3.2% | 5.9% | 8.4% |
Notable current and former employees
Business
- Jay Hambro - CEO of Aricom
- Huw Jenkins - Chairman and CEO of UBS Investment Bank
- Fatafehi Tupoumalohi - Executive Member Capital Group Companies
- Iqbal Khan - banker
- Greg Baizer - banker
Other
- Dharshini David - television presenter
- Naina Lal Kidwai - first Indian woman to graduate from Harvard Business School.
- P. G. Wodehouse - writer
- Beatrix - Queen of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
- Sir Arthur Conan Doyle -- author of the Sherlock Holmes detective series of novels