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see also Image:Human migration.png
World map of human migrations, with the North Pole at centre. Africa, harboring the start of the migration, is at the top left and South America at the far right. Migration patterns are based on studies of mitochondrial (matrilinear) DNA.
Numbers represent thousand years before present.
The blue line represents area covered in ice or tundra during the last great ice age.
The letters are the mitochondrial DNA haplogroups (pure motherly lineages); Haplogroups can be used to define genetic populations and are often geographically orientated.
For example, the following are common divisions for mtDNA haplogroups:
- African: L, L1, L2, L3, L3
- Near Eastern: J, N
- Southern European: J, K
- General European: H, V
- Northern European: T, U, X
- Asian: A, B, C, D, E, F, G (note: M is composed of C, D, E, and G)
- Native American: A, B, C, D, and sometimes X
Data derivation
ice age
- All migration data based on mitomap.
- Geographic data from
- and adding the following data we get this interesting result
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Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation license, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled " GNU Free Documentation license".
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